The ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway: Destruction for the sake of construction

Physiological Reviews

Volumn 82, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 373-428

  Glickman, Michael H ^a   Ciechanover, Aaron ^a  

^a TECHNION ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL SURFACE PROTEIN; NUCLEAR PROTEIN; UBIQUITIN CONJUGATING ENZYME; UBIQUITIN PROTEIN LIGASE;

CARCINOGENESIS; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; DRUG RESEARCH; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HAPPY PUPPET SYNDROME; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; LIDDLE SYNDROME; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; MUSCLE ATROPHY; NERVE DEGENERATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN METABOLISM; PROTEIN MOTIF; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0036083396     PISSN: 00319333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00027.2001     Document Type: Review

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269. The mouse and human genes encoding the recognition component of the N-end rule pathway
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271. Reversible phosphorylation controls the activity of cyclosome-associated cyclin-ubiquitin ligase
272. Human Mdm2 mediates multiple mono-ubiquitination of p 53 by a mechanism requiring enzyme isomerization
273. Specificity of the ubiquitin isopeptidase in the PA 700 regulatory complex of the 26S proteasome
274. Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in Alzheimer's disease
275. Editing of ubiquitin conjugates by an isopeptidase in the 26S proteasome
276. Pleiotropic defects caused by loss of the proteasomal-interacting factors Rad 23 and Rpn1O of S. cerevisiae
277. Control of mRNA decay by heat shock-ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
278. Chemically synthesized ubiquitin extension proteins detect distinct catalytic capacities of deubiquitinating enzymes
279. Muscle protein breakdown and the critical role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in normal and disease states
280. ATP-dependent proteases degrade their substrates by processively unraveling them from the degradation signal
281. Involvement of the molecular chaperone Ydj1 in the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of short-lived abnormal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
282. The Cbl protooncoprotein stimulates CSF-1 receptor multitibiquitination and endocytosis and attenuates macrophage proliferation
283. Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of a short lived regulatory protein depends on its cellular localization
284. The ubiquitin pathway in Parkinson's disease
285. The APC11 RING-H2 finger mediates E2-dependent ubiquitination
286. Inhibition of antigen processing by the internal repeat region of the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1
287. Inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent protein degradation by the Gly-Ala repeat domain of the Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen (EBNA)-1
288. Ubiquitin ligase activity and tyrosine phosphorylation underlie suppression of growth factor signaling by c-Cb1/Sli-1
289. c-Cb 1 regulates endocytic sorting and ubiquitination of the epidermal growth factor receptor
290. JAB1 binds to the intracellular precursor of the lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor and promotes its degradation
291. Identification of a 26S proteasome-associated UCH in fission yeast
292. A novel protein modification pathway related to the ubiquitin system
293. Triplet repeat expansion in neuromuscular disease
294. A glycine-rich region in NF-kappaB p 105 functions as a processing signal for the generation of the p50 subunit
295. The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein is a component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity
296. Increased proteasome-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p 27 in aggresive colorectal carcinomas
297. Crystal structure of the 20S proteasome from the archeon T. acidophilum at 3.4 Angstrom resolution
298. Endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation
299. RING finger mediate ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2)-dependent ubiquitination
300. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes of HIV-1 Nef: Generation of multiple definitive major histocompatibility complex class I ligands by proteasomes
301. The ubiquitin-related BAG-1 provides a link between the molecular chaperones Hsc70/Hsp 70 and the proteasome
302. A repetitive sequence in subunits of the 26S proteasome and 20S cyclosome (APC)
303. Self compartmentalizing proteases
304. Promotion of NEDD-CUL 1 conjugate cleavage by COP9 signalosome
305. Identification, purification, and characterization of a protein activator (PA28) of the 20S proteasome
306. N-recognin/Ubc2 interactions in the N-end rule pathway
307. Degradation of Ga by the N-end rule pathway
308. A small ubiquitin-related polypeptide involved in targeting RanGAP 1 to nuclear pore complex protein RanBP2
309. IRFs: The next generation
310. A ubiquitin ligase complex essential for the NF-kB, Wnt/Wingless, and Hedgehog signaling pathways
311. Rpn4 acts as a transcription factor by binding to PACE, a nonamer box found upstream of 26S proteasomal and other genes in yeast
312. A novel human WD protein, human β-TrCP, that interacts with HIV-1 Vpu, connects CD4 to the ER degradation pathway through an F-box motif
313. Interaction between ubiquitin-protein ligase SCF-SKP2 and E2F-1 underlies the regulation of E2F-1 degradation
314. E2/E3-mediated assembly of lysine 29-linked polyubiquitin chains
315. Identification of amino acid residues essential for von Willebrand factor binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib. Charged-to-alanine scanning mutagenesis of the A 1 domain of human von Willebrand factor
316. A proteasome from the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila
317. Proteasomes in the archaea: From structure to function
318. The tumour suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis
319. Molecular chaperones and the art of recognizing a lost cause
320. cDNA cloning, expression, and functional characterization of P131, a proline-rich inhibitor of the proteasome
321. Geminin, an inhibitor of DNA replication, is degraded during mitosis
322. UBAI an essential yeast gene encoding ubiquitin-activating enzyme
323. The Hsc70 co-chaperone CHIP targets immature CFTR for proteasomal degradation
324. Degradation of the transcription factor Gcn4 requires the kinase Pho85 and the SCF(CDC4) ubiquitin-ligase complex
325. Sumo nonclassical ubiquitin
326. A role for the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway in MHC class 1 restricted antigen presentation
327. Signal transduction through the β-catenin and specification of cell fate during embryogenesis
328. Mechanisms of muscle wasting. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
329. A protein conjugation system essential for autophagy
330. p53 in complex with DNA is resistant to ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in the presence of HPV-16 E6
331. 20S proteasome, hsp90, p97 fusion protein, PA 28 activator copurifying oligomers and ATPase activities
332. Kip1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and neuron-like morphology in LNCaP prostate tumor cells
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337. CHIP is a chaperone-dependent E 3 ligase that ubiquitylates unfolded protein
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339. Multiple lysine mutations in the C-terminal domain of p53 interfere with Mdm2-dependent protein degradation and ubiquitination
340. Multisite phosphorylation of a CDK inhibitor sets a threshold for the onset of DNA replication
341. COP9 signalosome-directed c-Jun activation/stabilization is independent of JNK
342. Proteins are unfolded on the surface of the ATPase ring before transport into the proteasome
343. Degradation of Mos by the N-terminal proline (Pro2)-dependent ubiquitin pathway on fertilization of Xenopus eggs: Possible significance of natural selection for Pro 2 in Mos
344. The "second-codon rule" and autophosphorylation govern the stability and activity of Mos during the meiotic cell cycle in Xenopus oocytes
345. Cloning of human ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UbcH6 and UbcH7 (E2-F1) and characterization of their interaction with E6-AP and RSP 5
346. Cleavage motifs of the yeast 20S proteasome beta-subunits deduced from digests of enolase 1
347. Regulation of the Src family tyrosine kinase Blk through E6-AP-mediated ubiquitination
348. AAA+ superfamily ATPases: Common structure-diverse function
349. Modulation of intracellular protein degradation by SSB1-SIS 1 chaperon system in yeast S. cerevisiae
350. The Mos/MAP kinase pathway stabilizes c-Fos by phosphorylation and augments its transforming activity in NIH 3T3 cells
351. Kip1 is the key mediator of phenylacetate-induced cell cycle arrest in human prostate cancer cells
352. SCF-β-TrCP ubiquitin ligase-mediated processing of NF-kB p105 requires phosphorylation of its C-terminus by IkB kinase
353. Structural motifs involved in ubiquitin-mediated processing of the NF-kappaB precursor p105: Roles of the glycine-rich region and a downstream ubiquitination domain
354. The DNA repair protein Rad23 is a negative regulator of multi-ubiquitin chain assembly
355. Covalent modifier NEDD8 is essential for SCF ubiquitin-ligase in fission yeast
356. A new large proteolytic complex distinct from the proteasome is present in the cytosol of fission yeast
357. Targeted destabilization of HY5 during light-regulated development of Arabidopsis
358. The anaphase-promoting complex: New substrates and regulators
359. The ubiquitin proteasome pathway is required for processing the NF-κB1 precursor protein and activation of NF-κB
360. Interaction of the Doa 4 deubiquitinating enzyme with the yeast 26S proteasome
361. The yeast DOA4 gene encodes a deubiquitinating enzyme related to a product of the tre-2 oncogene
362. The AAA team: Related ATPases with diverse functions
363. Studying interactions of four proteins in the yeast two-hybrid system: Structural resemblance of the pVHL/elongin BC/hCUL-2 complex with the ubiquitin ligase complex SKP1/cullin/F-box protein
364. Functional expression of the Wilson disease protein reveals mislocalization and impaired copper-dependent trafficking of the common H 1069Q mutation
365. Discrete proteolytic intermediates in the MHC class I antigen processing pathway and MHC I-dependent peptide trimming in the ER
366. The itchy locus encodes a novel ubiquitin-protein ligase that is disrupted in a 18H mice
367. Distinct 19S and 20S subcomplexes of the proteasome and their distribution in the nucleus and the cytoplasm
368. Identification of BIME as a subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex
369. A giant protease with potential to substitute for some functions of the proteasome
370. The KEN box: An APC recognition signal distinct from the D box targeted by Cdh 1
371. II 250, a mediator of activation of gene expression in Drosophila
372. Proteasome inhibitor PS 519 reduces infarction and attenuates leukocyte infiltration in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia
373. Ubiquitin in chains
374. Mechanisms underlying ubiquitination
375. Functional heterogeneity of ubiquitin carrier proteins
376. Mutant analysis links the translocon and BiP to retrograde protein transport for ER degradation
377. Retrograde protein translocation: ERADication of secretory proteins in health and disease
378. A NEDD 8 conjugation pathway is essential for proteolytic targeting of p27Kip1 by ubiquitination
379. Wnt signaling and cancer
380. Cells adapted to proteasome inhbitor 4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenylacetyl-Leu-Leu-Leucinal-vinyl sulfone require enzymatically active proteasomes for continued survival
381. Cloning and characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a new member of the ubiquitin-conjugating protein family
382. Recognition and ubiquitination of Notch by Itch, a Hect-type E 3 ubiquitin ligase
383. AAA-ATPase p97/Cdc48p, a cytosolic chaperone required for endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation
384. Ump 1p is required for proper maturation of the 20S proteasome and becomes its substrate upon completion of the assembly
385. Degradation of cohesin subunit by the N-end rule pathway is essential for chromosome stability
386. Mobilization of processed, membrane-tethered SPT23 transcription factor by CDC48 (UFD1/NPL4), a ubiquitin-selective chaperone
387. The ubiquitin proteasome pathway mediates the regulated degradation of the mammalian 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
388. Characterization of recombinant REGα, REGβ, and REGγ proteasome activators
389. The multicatalytic and 26S proteases
390. The proteasome activator 11S REG (PA28) and class I antigen presentation
391. Degradation of the E7 human papillomavirus oncoprotein by the ubiquitin-proteasome system: Targeting via ubiquitination of the N-terminal residue
392. Binding sites of ubiquitin-protein ligase: Binding of ubiquitin-protein conjugates and of ubiquitin-carrier protein
393. 2-terminal binding sites on a single enzyme
394. 2-terminal residue of proteins to ubiquitin-protein ligase: Use of amino acid derivatives to characterize specific binding sites
395. Specific interactions between ATPase subunits of the 26S proteasome
396. Degradation of cell proteins and the generation of MHC class I-presented peptides
397. Inactivation of the HR6B ubiquitin-conjugating DNA repair enzyme in mice causes male sterility associated with chromatin modification
398. Amino acid sequences common to rapidly degraded proteins: The PEST hypothesis
399. The ATP-dependent HslV/U protease from Escherichia coli is a four-ring structure resembling the proteasome
400. Polyglutamine pathogenesis
401. Ubiquitination of the yeast α-factor receptor
402. Regulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by accessory proteins
403. Active site mutants in the six regulatory particle ATPases reveal multiple roles for ATP in the proteasome
404. Stabilization of b-catenin by genetic defects in melanoma cell lines
405. Proteasome function is dispensable under normal but not under heat shock conditions in Thermoplasma acidophilum
406. The 19S regulatory complex of the proteasome functions independently of proteolysis in nucleotide excision repair
407. Subcellular localization stoichiometry and protein levels of 26S proteasome subunits in yeast
408. Rapid isolation and characterization of the yeast proteasome regulatory complex
409. Intragenic deletion in the gene encoding ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase in gad mice
410. Assembly of the 26S proteasome is regulated by phosphorylation of the p45/Rpt 6 ATPase subunit
411. Does this have a familiar RING?
412. Rad23 links DNA repair to the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway
413. Sequence elements that contribute to the degradation of yeast Gα
414. The HPV-16 E6 and E6-AP complex functions as a ubiquitin-protein ligase in the ubiquitination of p 53
415. Protein ubiquitination involving an E1-E2-E 3 enzyme ubiquitin thioester cascade
416. The E 6 oncoprotein encoded by human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 promotes the degradation of p53
417. Signal-induced degradation of IkBα requires site-specific ubiquitination
418. Evidence for the existence of a non-catalytic modifier site of peptide hydrolysis by the 20S proteasome
419. Rapid degradation of a large fraction of newly synthesized proteins by proteasomes
420. Ubc8p functions in catabolite degradation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in yeast
421. Yeast Hct 1 is a regulator of Clb2 cyclin proteolysis
422. Yeast Hct 1 recognizes the mitotic cyclin Clb2 and other substrates of the ubiquitin ligase APC
423. Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E 1 in HepG2 cells
424. COP9 signalosome revisited: A novel mediator of protein degradation
425. Interactions of the COP 9 signalosome with the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFTIRI in mediating auxin response
426. 1 to S transition in S. cerevisiae
427. NF-kB p105 processing via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
428. HIV-1 Tat inhibits the 20S proteasome and its 11S regulator-mediated activation
429. Protein stability: The COP 9 signalosome gets in on the act
430. A novel protein complex involved in signal transduction possessing similarities to the 26S proteasome subunits
431. Arabidopsis cop8 and fus4 mutations define the same locus that encodes subunit 4 of the COP9 signalosome
432. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBC4 and UBC5 mediate selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins
433. UBC1 encodes a novel member of an essential subfamily of yeast ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes involved in protein degradation
434. The pathway of US11-dependent degradation of MHC class I heavy chains involves a ubiquitin-conjugated intermediate
435. Proteasomal turnover of p 21Cip1 does not require p21Cip1 ubiquitination
436. Inhibiting proteasomes in human HepG 2 and LNCaP cells increases endogenous androgen receptor levels
437. Cellular defense mechanisms against unfolded proteins: A cell biologist thinks about neurodegenerative diseases
438. 1-phase progression
439. Monoubiquitin carries a novel internalization signal that is appended to activated receptors
440. Familial Parkinson disease gene product, Parkin, is a ubiquitin-protein ligase
441. Thimet oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15), a novel protein on the route of MHC class I antigen presentation
442. Grr1 and Rbx 1
443. Regulation of the CDK inhibitor p 27 and its deregulation in cancer
444. Distinct functional surface regions on ubiquitin
445. A protein translocation defect linked to ubiquitin conjugation at the endoplasmic reticulum
446. Cell cycle-regulated modification of the ribosome by a variant multiubiquitin chain
447. A ubiquitin mutant with specific defects in DNA repair and multiubiquitination
448. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling induces the expression and activity of beta-TrCP ubiquitin ligase receptor
449. Expression of Alzheimer's disease-associated Presenilin-1 is controlled by proteolytic degradation and complex formation
450. Polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptors form aggregates that sequester heat shock proteins, proteasome components and SRC-1, and are suppressed by the HDJ-2 chaperone
451. The ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 is phosphorylated and localized to the nucleus in a cell cycle-dependent manner
452. Kinetic evidences for facilitation of peptide channeling by the proteasomal activator PA 28
453. The function of the proteasome system in MHC class I antigen processing
454. Recognition of misfolding proteins by PA 700, the regulatory subcomplex of the 26S proteasome
455. The ubiquitin-proteasome system and endocytosis
456. The Doa 4 deubiquitinating enzyme is required for ubiquitin homeostasis in yeast
457. A conserved ubiquitin ligase of the nuclear envelope/endoplasmic reticulum that functions in both ER-associated and MATα2 repressor degradation
458. Rpn9 is required for efficient assembly of the yeast 26S proteasome
459. The role of tricorn protease and its and aminopeptidase-interacting factors in cellular protein degradation
460. Recruitment of a Roc1-Cul1 ubiquitin ligase by Skp1 and HOS to catalyze the ubiquitination of IκBα
461. Hybrid proteasomes: Induction by interferon-gamma and contribution to ATP-dependent proteolysis
462. Cut8, essential for anaphase, controls localization of 26S proteasome, facilitating destruction of cyclin and Cut 2
463. The NEDD 8 system is essential for cell cycle progression and morphogenetic pathway in mice
464. A function for monoubiquitination in the internalization of a G protein-coupled receptor
465. Chaperonin-mediated protein folding
466. Recognition of the polyubiquitin proteolytic signal
467. Degradation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27/Kip 1 is instigated by Jab1
468. Nob 1, a new essential protein associates with the 26S proteasome of growing S. cerevisiae cells
469. Evidence for an interaction between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the 26S proteasome
470. A degradation signal located in the C-terminus of p21WAF1/CIP1 is a binding site for the C8 alpha-subunit of the 20S proteasome
471. Dominant-negative cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein E2-C/UbcH 10 blocks cells in metaphase
472. Functional analysis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae UBC 11 gene
473. Functional and genomic analyses reveal an essential coordination between the unfolded protein response and ER-associated degradation
474. Ubiquitin-dependent c-Jun degradation in vivo is mediated by the delta domain
475. The prognostic significance of altered cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in human cancer
476. skp2 complex through phosphorylated Thr 187 in p27
477. CDC 27Hs colocalizes with CDC16Hs to the centrosome and mitotic spindle and is essential for the metaphase to anaphase transition
478. Peptides accelerate their uptake by activating ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway
479. Detecting and measuring cotranslational protein degradation in vivo
480. One RING to rule a superfamily of E 3 ubiquitin ligases
481. Treatment of established relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with the proteasome inhibitor PS-519
482. Frameshift mutants of β-amyloid precursor protein and ubiquitin-B in Alzheimer's and Down's patients
483. Arabidopsis MBP 1 gene encodes a conserved ubiquitin recognition component of the 26S proteasome
484. The multiubiquitin chain binding protein Mcb1 is a component of the 26S proteasome in S. cerevisiae and plays a nonessential, substrate-specific role in protein turnover
485. The ubiquitin system and the N-end rule pathway
486. 1 Cdk required for its degradation and entry into S phase
487. Proteasomal proteomics: Identification of nucleotide-sensitive proteasome-interacting proteins by mass spectrometric analysis of affinity-purified proteasomes
488. Inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation by Tat protein from HIV-1
489. CDC20 and CDH1: A family of substrate-specific activators of APC-dependent proteolysis
490. The 26S proteasome: A molecular machine designed for controlled proteolysis
491. Age-dependent association of isolated bovine lens multicatalytic proteinase complex (proteasome) with heat-shock protein 90, an endogenous inhibitor
492. Sec61p-independent degradation of the tail-anchored ER membrane protein Ubc6p
493. Tak1 is a ubiquitin-dependent kinase of MKK and IKK
494. Integration of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway with a cytosolic oligopeptidase activity
495. Protein kinase A antagonizes Hedgehog signaling by regulating both the activator and repressor forms of Cubitus interruptus
496. TAP prefers to transport melanoma antigenic peptides which are longer than the optimal T-cell epitope: Evidence for further processing in the endoplasmic reticulum
497. cDNA cloning and characterization of a human proteasomal modulator subunit p 27
498. Global unfolding of a substrate protein by the Hsp 100 chaperone ClpA
499. The COP 9 complex is conserved between plants and mammals and is related to the 26S proteasome regulatory complex
500. Themes and variations on ubiquitylation
501. Structural basis for the activation of 20S proteasomes by 11S regulators
502. The Pas2 protein essential for peroxisome biogenesis is related to ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes
503. Dynamic association of proteasomal machinery with the centrosome
504. Proteins containing the UBA domain are able to bind to multi-ubiquitin chains
505. Localization of the 26S proteasome during mitosis and meiosis in fission yeast
506. Analysis of a gene encoding Rpn10 of the fission yeast proteasome reveals that the polyubiquitin-binding site of this subunit is essential when Rpn12/Mts 3 activity is compromised
507. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination: Targeting of proteins for degradation by the proteasome
508. Metabolism of the polyubiquitin degradation signal: Structure, mechanism, and role of isopeptidase T
509. Biochemical and physical properties of the M. jannaschii 20S proteasome and PAN, a homolog of the ATPase (Rpt) subunits of the eucaryal 26S proteasome
510. Characterization of ARC, a divergent member of the AAA ATPase family from Rhodococcus erythropolis
511. The Nedd8-conjugated ROC1-CUL1 core ubiquitin ligase utilizes Nedd8 charged surface residues for efficient polyubiquitin chain assembly catalyzed by Cdc34
512. The E2-E3 interaction in the N-end rule pathway: The RING-H 2 finger of E3 is required for the synthesis of multiubiquitin chain
513. Physical association of ubiquitin ligases and the 26S proteasome
514. RPN4 is a ligand, substrate, and transcriptional regulator of the 26S proteasome: A negative feedback circuit
515. Cocompartmentalization of p53 and Mdm2 is a major determinant for Mdm2-mediated degradation of p 53
516. Distinct subunit functions and cell cycle regulated phosphorylation of 20S APC/cyclosome required for anaphase in fission yeast
517. The role of proteolysis in cell cycle progression in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
518. 20S cyclosome complex formation and proteolytic activity inhibited by the cAMP/PKA pathway
519. Ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of IAPs and their degradation in proteasomes in response to apoptotic stimuli
520. Giant proteases: Beyond the proteasome
521. Structural and functional characterizations of the proteasome-activating protein PA 26 from Trypanosoma brucei
522. Inhibition of NF-κB cellular function via specific targeting of the IκB-ubiquitin ligase
523. Identification of the receptor component of the IκB-ubiquitin ligase
524. The AAA ATPase Cdc48/p197 and its partners transport proteins from the ER into the cytosol
525. Ubiquitin-like proteins: New wines in new bottles
526. Cut and trim: Generating MHC class I peptide ligands
527. At the crossroads of cell biology and immunology: DRiPs and other sources of peptide ligands for MHC class I molecules
528. A HECT domain E 3 enzyme assembles novel polyubiquitin chains
529. Characterization of two polyubiquitin binding sites in the 26S protease subunit 5a
530. Identification of a cullin homology region in a subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex
531. Control of cyclin ubiquitination by CDK-regulated binding of Hct 1 to the anaphase promoting complex
532. The proteasome inhibitor PI 31 competes with PA28 for binding to 20S proteasomes
533. p19Skp1 and p45Skp2 are essential elements of the cyclin A-CDK 2 S phase kinase
534. Hemmati-Brivanlou A, and Derynck R. Regulation of Smad degradation and activity by Smurf 2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase
535. Parkin functions as an E2-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase and promotes the degradation of the synaptic vesicle-associated protein, CDCrel-1
536. Structural and functional characterization of interaction between hepatitis B virus protein X and the proteasome complex
537. Structure of a c-Cbl-UbcH7 complex: RING domain function in ubiquitin-protein ligases
538. Ubiquitination and degradation of the substrate recognition subunits of SCF ubiquitin-protein ligases
539. The fission yeast COP9/signalosome is involved in cullin modification by ubiquitin-related Ned 8p
540. A SMAD ubiquitin ligase targets the BMP pathway and affects embryonic pattern formation
541. Dis-assembly lines: The proteasome and related ATPase-assisted proteases
542. An archaebacterial ATPase, homologous to ATPases in the eukaryotic 26S proteasome, activates protein breakdown by 20S proteasomes