메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 731-741

Polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptors form aggregates that sequester heat shock proteins, proteasome components and SRC-1, and are suppressed by the HDJ-2 chaperone

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; ANTIBODY; CHAPERONE; GLUTAMINE; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90; PROTEASOME; REGULATOR PROTEIN; STEROID RECEPTOR;

EID: 0032945938     PISSN: 09646906     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/8.5.731     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (399)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0014310582 scopus 로고
    • Progressive proximal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of late onset. A sex-linked recessive trait
    • Kennedy, W.R., Alter, M. and Sung, J.H. (1968) Progressive proximal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of late onset. A sex-linked recessive trait. Neurology, 18, 671-680.
    • (1968) Neurology , vol.18 , pp. 671-680
    • Kennedy, W.R.1    Alter, M.2    Sung, J.H.3
  • 2
    • 0024586435 scopus 로고
    • X-linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy. A clinicopathological study
    • Sobue, G., Hashizume, Y., Mukai, E., Hirayama, M., Mitsuma, T. and Takahashi, A. (1989) X-linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy. A clinicopathological study. Brain, 112, 209-232.
    • (1989) Brain , vol.112 , pp. 209-232
    • Sobue, G.1    Hashizume, Y.2    Mukai, E.3    Hirayama, M.4    Mitsuma, T.5    Takahashi, A.6
  • 4
    • 0024555077 scopus 로고
    • Androgen receptor locus on the human X chromosome: Regional localization to Xq11-12 and description of a DNA polymorphism
    • Brown, C.J., Goss, S.J., Lubahn, D.B., Joseph, D.R., Wilson, E.M., French, F.S. and Willard, H.F. (1989) Androgen receptor locus on the human X chromosome: regional localization to Xq11-12 and description of a DNA polymorphism. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 44, 264-269.
    • (1989) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.44 , pp. 264-269
    • Brown, C.J.1    Goss, S.J.2    Lubahn, D.B.3    Joseph, D.R.4    Wilson, E.M.5    French, F.S.6    Willard, H.F.7
  • 5
    • 0025985496 scopus 로고
    • A candidate gene for X-linked spinal muscular atrophy
    • Fischbeck, K.H., Souders, D. and La Spada, A. (1991) A candidate gene for X-linked spinal muscular atrophy. Adv. Neurol., 56, 209-213.
    • (1991) Adv. Neurol. , vol.56 , pp. 209-213
    • Fischbeck, K.H.1    Souders, D.2    La Spada, A.3
  • 6
    • 0025800526 scopus 로고
    • Androgen receptor gene mutations in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
    • La Spada, A.R., Wilson, E.M., Lubahn, D.B., Harding, A.E. and Fischbeck, K.H. (1991) Androgen receptor gene mutations in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Nature, 352, 77-79.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.352 , pp. 77-79
    • La Spada, A.R.1    Wilson, E.M.2    Lubahn, D.B.3    Harding, A.E.4    Fischbeck, K.H.5
  • 12
    • 0029245258 scopus 로고
    • Spinocerebellar ataxia type I
    • Zoghbi, H.Y. and Orr, H.T. (1995) Spinocerebellar ataxia type I. Semin. Cell Biol., 6, 29-35.
    • (1995) Semin. Cell Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 29-35
    • Zoghbi, H.Y.1    Orr, H.T.2
  • 17
    • 0030752709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain
    • DiFiglia, M., Sapp, E., Chase, K.O., Davies, S.W., Bates, G.P., Vonsattel, J.P., Aronin, N. (1997) Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain. Science, 277, 1990-1993.
    • (1997) Science , vol.277 , pp. 1990-1993
    • DiFiglia, M.1    Sapp, E.2    Chase, K.O.3    Davies, S.W.4    Bates, G.P.5    Vonsattel, J.P.6    Aronin, N.7
  • 20
    • 0031838352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chaperone suppression of aggregation and altered subcellular proteasome localization imply protein misfolding in SCA1
    • Cummings, C.J., Mancini, M.A., Antalffy, B., DeFranco, D.B., Orr, H.T. and Zoghbi, H.Y. (1998) Chaperone suppression of aggregation and altered subcellular proteasome localization imply protein misfolding in SCA1. Nature Genet., 19, 148-154.
    • (1998) Nature Genet. , vol.19 , pp. 148-154
    • Cummings, C.J.1    Mancini, M.A.2    Antalffy, B.3    DeFranco, D.B.4    Orr, H.T.5    Zoghbi, H.Y.6
  • 21
    • 0028283503 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members
    • Tsai, M.J. and O'Malley, B.W. (1994) Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 63, 451-486.
    • (1994) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.63 , pp. 451-486
    • Tsai, M.J.1    O'Malley, B.W.2
  • 24
    • 0032052279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular chaperones and subcellular trafficking of steroid receptors
    • DeFranco, D.B., Ramakrishnan, C. and Tang, Y. (1998) Molecular chaperones and subcellular trafficking of steroid receptors. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 65, 51-58.
    • (1998) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.65 , pp. 51-58
    • DeFranco, D.B.1    Ramakrishnan, C.2    Tang, Y.3
  • 25
    • 0027451956 scopus 로고
    • The role of heat shock proteins in regulating the function, folding and trafficking of the glucocorticoid receptor
    • Pratt, W.B. (1993) The role of heat shock proteins in regulating the function, folding and trafficking of the glucocorticoid receptor. J. Biol. Chem., 268, 21455-21458.
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 21455-21458
    • Pratt, W.B.1
  • 26
    • 0026712248 scopus 로고
    • Hormone induced dissociation of the androgen receptor-heat shock protein complex: Use of a new monoclonal antibody to distinguish transformed and nontransformed receptors
    • Veldscholte, J., Berrevoets, C.A., Zegers, N.D., van der Kwast, T.H., Grootegoed, J.A. and Mulder, E. (1992) Hormone induced dissociation of the androgen receptor-heat shock protein complex: use of a new monoclonal antibody to distinguish transformed and nontransformed receptors. Biochemistry, 31, 7422-7430.
    • (1992) Biochemistry , vol.31 , pp. 7422-7430
    • Veldscholte, J.1    Berrevoets, C.A.2    Zegers, N.D.3    Van Der Kwast, T.H.4    Grootegoed, J.A.5    Mulder, E.6
  • 27
    • 0028898217 scopus 로고
    • Hormone-dependent transactivation by the human androgen receptor is regulated by a dnaJ protein
    • Caplan, A.J., Langley, E., Wilson, E.M. and Vidal, J. (1995) Hormone-dependent transactivation by the human androgen receptor is regulated by a dnaJ protein. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 5251-5257.
    • (1995) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.270 , pp. 5251-5257
    • Caplan, A.J.1    Langley, E.2    Wilson, E.M.3    Vidal, J.4
  • 28
    • 0028999582 scopus 로고
    • Hold 'em and fold 'em: Chaperones and signal transduction
    • Bohen, S.P., Kralli, A. and Yamamoto, K.R. (1995) Hold 'em and fold 'em: chaperones and signal transduction. Science, 268, 1303-1304.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 1303-1304
    • Bohen, S.P.1    Kralli, A.2    Yamamoto, K.R.3
  • 29
    • 0028846193 scopus 로고
    • Sequence and characterization of a coactivator for the steroid hormone receptor superfamily
    • Onate, S.A., Tsai, S.Y., Tsai, M.J. and O'Malley, B.W. (1995) Sequence and characterization of a coactivator for the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. Science, 270, 1354-1357.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1354-1357
    • Onate, S.A.1    Tsai, S.Y.2    Tsai, M.J.3    O'Malley, B.W.4
  • 30
    • 0027283705 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear import of the human androgen receptor
    • Jenster, G., Trapman, J. and Brinkmann, A.O. (1993) Nuclear import of the human androgen receptor. Biochem. J., 293, 761-768.
    • (1993) Biochem. J. , vol.293 , pp. 761-768
    • Jenster, G.1    Trapman, J.2    Brinkmann, A.O.3
  • 31
    • 0031985869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Truncated forms of the androgen receptor are associated with polyQ expansion in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
    • Butler, R., Leigh, P.N., McPhaul, M.J. and Gallo, J.M. (1998) Truncated forms of the androgen receptor are associated with polyQ expansion in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Hum. Mol. Genet., 7, 121-127.
    • (1998) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.7 , pp. 121-127
    • Butler, R.1    Leigh, P.N.2    McPhaul, M.J.3    Gallo, J.M.4
  • 32
    • 0031948607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage, aggregation and toxicity of the expanded androgen receptor in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
    • Merry, D.E., Kobayashi, Y., Bailey, C.K., Taye, A.A. and Fischbeck, K.H. (1998) Cleavage, aggregation and toxicity of the expanded androgen receptor in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Hum. Mol. Genet., 7, 693-701.
    • (1998) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.7 , pp. 693-701
    • Merry, D.E.1    Kobayashi, Y.2    Bailey, C.K.3    Taye, A.A.4    Fischbeck, K.H.5
  • 33
    • 0032475931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin acts in the nucleus to induce apoptosis but death does not correlate with the formation of intranuclear inclusions
    • Saudou, F., Finkbeiner, S., Devys, D. and Greenberg, M.E. (1998) Huntingtin acts in the nucleus to induce apoptosis but death does not correlate with the formation of intranuclear inclusions. Cell, 95, 55-66.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.95 , pp. 55-66
    • Saudou, F.1    Finkbeiner, S.2    Devys, D.3    Greenberg, M.E.4
  • 34
    • 0032475941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxin-1 nuclear localization and aggregation: Role in polyQ-induced disease in SCA1 transgenic mice
    • Klement, I.A., Skinner, P.J., Kaytor, M.D., Hong, Y., Hersch, S.M., Clark, H.B., Zoghbi, H.Y. and Orr, H.T. (1998) Ataxin-1 nuclear localization and aggregation: role in polyQ-induced disease in SCA1 transgenic mice. Cell, 95, 41-53.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.95 , pp. 41-53
    • Klement, I.A.1    Skinner, P.J.2    Kaytor, M.D.3    Hong, Y.4    Hersch, S.M.5    Clark, H.B.6    Zoghbi, H.Y.7    Orr, H.T.8
  • 35
    • 0031008364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for HDJ-2/HSDJ in correcting subnuclear trafficking, transactivation and transrepression defects of a glucocorticoid receptor zinc finger mutant
    • Tang, Y., Ramakrishnan, C., Thomas, J. and DeFranco, D.B. (1997) A role for HDJ-2/HSDJ in correcting subnuclear trafficking, transactivation and transrepression defects of a glucocorticoid receptor zinc finger mutant. Mol. Biol. Cell, 8, 795-809.
    • (1997) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.8 , pp. 795-809
    • Tang, Y.1    Ramakrishnan, C.2    Thomas, J.3    DeFranco, D.B.4
  • 36
    • 0031447219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of unliganded steroid receptors activates endogenous heat shock factor
    • Xiao, N. and DeFranco, D.B. (1997) Overexpression of unliganded steroid receptors activates endogenous heat shock factor. Mol. Endocrinol., 11, 1365-1374.
    • (1997) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.11 , pp. 1365-1374
    • Xiao, N.1    DeFranco, D.B.2
  • 37
    • 0029566336 scopus 로고
    • The role of molecular chaperones in protein folding
    • Hendrick, J.P. and Hartl, F.U. (1995) The role of molecular chaperones in protein folding. FASEB J., 9, 1559-1569.
    • (1995) FASEB J. , vol.9 , pp. 1559-1569
    • Hendrick, J.P.1    Hartl, F.U.2
  • 38
    • 0029992278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular chaperones in cellular protein folding
    • Hartl, F.U. (1996) Molecular chaperones in cellular protein folding. Nature, 381, 571-579.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 571-579
    • Hartl, F.U.1
  • 39
    • 0032489556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The conserved carboxyl terminus and zinc finger-like domain of the co-chaperone Ydj1 assist Hsp70 in protein folding
    • Lu, Z. and Cyr, D.M. (1998) The conserved carboxyl terminus and zinc finger-like domain of the co-chaperone Ydj1 assist Hsp70 in protein folding. J. Biol. Chem., 273, 5970-5978.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 5970-5978
    • Lu, Z.1    Cyr, D.M.2
  • 40
    • 0027165193 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of a cDNA which encodes a novel ubiquitin-like protein
    • Kumar, S., Yoshida, Y. and Noda, M. (1993) Cloning of a cDNA which encodes a novel ubiquitin-like protein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 195, 393-399.
    • (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.195 , pp. 393-399
    • Kumar, S.1    Yoshida, Y.2    Noda, M.3
  • 41
    • 0030695339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of NEDD8, a developmentally down-regulated ubiquitin-like protein
    • Kamitani, T., Kito, K., Nguyen, H.P. and Yeh, E.T. (1997) Characterization of NEDD8, a developmentally down-regulated ubiquitin-like protein. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 28557-28562.
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 28557-28562
    • Kamitani, T.1    Kito, K.2    Nguyen, H.P.3    Yeh, E.T.4
  • 42
    • 0032907106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Angelmar syndrome-associated protein, E6-AP, is a coactivator for the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily
    • Nawaz, Z., Lonard, D.M., Smith, C.L., Lev-Lehman, E., Tsai, S.Y., Tsai, M.J. and O'Malley, B.W. (1999) The Angelmar syndrome-associated protein, E6-AP, is a coactivator for the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Mol. Cell Biol., 19, 1182-1189.
    • (1999) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 1182-1189
    • Nawaz, Z.1    Lonard, D.M.2    Smith, C.L.3    Lev-Lehman, E.4    Tsai, S.Y.5    Tsai, M.J.6    O'Malley, B.W.7
  • 43
    • 0026663539 scopus 로고
    • The ubiquitin system for protein degradation
    • Hershko, A. and Ciechanover, A. (1992) The ubiquitin system for protein degradation. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 61, 761-807.
    • (1992) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.61 , pp. 761-807
    • Hershko, A.1    Ciechanover, A.2
  • 44
    • 0028935165 scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin, proteasomes and the regulation of intracellular protein degradation
    • Hochstrasser, M. (1995) Ubiquitin, proteasomes and the regulation of intracellular protein degradation. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 7, 215-223.
    • (1995) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 215-223
    • Hochstrasser, M.1
  • 45
    • 0030457014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation
    • Hochstrasser, M. (1996) Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. Annu. Rev. Genet., 30, 405-439.
    • (1996) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.30 , pp. 405-439
    • Hochstrasser, M.1
  • 47
    • 0028132691 scopus 로고
    • Proteasomes: Protein degradation machines of the cell
    • Peters, J.M. (1994) Proteasomes: protein degradation machines of the cell. Trends Biochem. Sci., 19, 377-382.
    • (1994) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 377-382
    • Peters, J.M.1
  • 48
    • 0030016595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of the 20S and 26S proteasomes
    • Coux, O., Tanaka, K. and Goldberg, A.L. (1996) Structure and function of the 20S and 26S proteasomes. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 65, 801-847.
    • (1996) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.65 , pp. 801-847
    • Coux, O.1    Tanaka, K.2    Goldberg, A.L.3
  • 50
    • 0027366138 scopus 로고
    • Reduced transcriptional regulatory competence of the androgen receptor in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
    • Mhatre, A.N., Trifiro, M.A., Kaufman, M., Kazemi-Esfarjani, P., Figlewicz, D., Rouleau, G. and Pinsky, L. (1993) Reduced transcriptional regulatory competence of the androgen receptor in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Nature Genet., 5, 184-188.
    • (1993) Nature Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 184-188
    • Mhatre, A.N.1    Trifiro, M.A.2    Kaufman, M.3    Kazemi-Esfarjani, P.4    Figlewicz, D.5    Rouleau, G.6    Pinsky, L.7
  • 51
    • 0028131754 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the abundance of androgen receptor isotypes: Effects of ligand treatment, glutamine-stretch variation and mutation of putative phosphorylation sites
    • Jenster, G., de Ruiter, P.E., van der Korput, H.A., Kuiper, G.G., Trapman, J. and Brinkmann, A.O. (1994) Changes in the abundance of androgen receptor isotypes: effects of ligand treatment, glutamine-stretch variation and mutation of putative phosphorylation sites. Biochemistry, 33, 14064-14072.
    • (1994) Biochemistry , vol.33 , pp. 14064-14072
    • Jenster, G.1    De Ruiter, P.E.2    Van Der Korput, H.A.3    Kuiper, G.G.4    Trapman, J.5    Brinkmann, A.O.6
  • 53
    • 0030272682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional activation by the androgen receptor in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
    • Nakajima, H., Kimura, F., Nakagawa, T., Furutama, D., Shinoda, K., Shimizu, A. and Ohsawa, N. (1996) Transcriptional activation by the androgen receptor in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. J. Neurosci., 142, 12-16.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.142 , pp. 12-16
    • Nakajima, H.1    Kimura, F.2    Nakagawa, T.3    Furutama, D.4    Shinoda, K.5    Shimizu, A.6    Ohsawa, N.7
  • 54
    • 0032485258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chaperoning brain diseases
    • Welch, W.J. and Gambetti, P. (1998) Chaperoning brain diseases. Nature, 392, 23-24.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 23-24
    • Welch, W.J.1    Gambetti, P.2
  • 55
    • 0031443433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chaperone-supervised conversion of prion protein to its protease-resistant form
    • DebBurman, S.K., Raymond, G.J., Caughey, B. and Lindquist, S. (1997) Chaperone-supervised conversion of prion protein to its protease-resistant form. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 13938-13943.
    • (1997) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.94 , pp. 13938-13943
    • DebBurman, S.K.1    Raymond, G.J.2    Caughey, B.3    Lindquist, S.4
  • 56
    • 0028353336 scopus 로고
    • DnaJ-like proteins: Molecular chaperones and specific regulators of Hsp70
    • Cyr, D.M., Langer, T. and Douglas, M.G. (1994) DnaJ-like proteins: molecular chaperones and specific regulators of Hsp70. Trends Biochem. Sci., 19, 176-181.
    • (1994) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 176-181
    • Cyr, D.M.1    Langer, T.2    Douglas, M.G.3
  • 57
    • 0028087582 scopus 로고
    • PA700, an ATP-dependent activator of the 20S proteasome, is an ATPase containing multiple members of a nucleotide-binding protein family
    • DeMartino, G.N., Moomaw, C.R., Zagnitko, O.P., Proske, R.J., Ma, C.P., Afendis, S.J., Swaffield, J.C. and Slaughter, C.A. (1994) PA700, an ATP-dependent activator of the 20S proteasome, is an ATPase containing multiple members of a nucleotide-binding protein family. J. Biol. Chem., 269, 20878-20884.
    • (1994) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.269 , pp. 20878-20884
    • DeMartino, G.N.1    Moomaw, C.R.2    Zagnitko, O.P.3    Proske, R.J.4    Ma, C.P.5    Afendis, S.J.6    Swaffield, J.C.7    Slaughter, C.A.8
  • 58
    • 0002528254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kennedy's disease: Clinical aspects
    • Wells, R.D. and Warren, S.T. (eds). Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Zajac, J.D. and MacLean, H.E. (1998) Kennedy's disease: clinical aspects. In Wells, R.D. and Warren, S.T. (eds), Genetic Instabilities and Hereditary Neurological Diseases. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 87-100.
    • (1998) Genetic Instabilities and Hereditary Neurological Diseases , pp. 87-100
    • Zajac, J.D.1    MacLean, H.E.2
  • 60
    • 1842318283 scopus 로고
    • Characterization and cloning of a cDNA encoding the human androgen receptor
    • Tilley, W.D., Marcelli, M., Wilson, J.D. and McPhaul, J.M. (1989) Characterization and cloning of a cDNA encoding the human androgen receptor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 327-331.
    • (1989) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.86 , pp. 327-331
    • Tilley, W.D.1    Marcelli, M.2    Wilson, J.D.3    McPhaul, J.M.4
  • 61
    • 0030236944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional activation and transient expression of the human androgen receptor
    • Gao, T., Marcelli, M. and McPhaul, M. (1996) Transcriptional activation and transient expression of the human androgen receptor. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 59, 9-20.
    • (1996) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.59 , pp. 9-20
    • Gao, T.1    Marcelli, M.2    McPhaul, M.3
  • 62
    • 0023923029 scopus 로고
    • ATP-stimulated proteolysis in soluble extracts of BHK 21/C13 cells. Evidence for multiple pathways and a role for an enzyme related to the high-molecular weight protease, macropain
    • McGuire, M.J., Croall, D.E. and DeMartino, G.N. (1988) ATP-stimulated proteolysis in soluble extracts of BHK 21/C13 cells. Evidence for multiple pathways and a role for an enzyme related to the high-molecular weight protease, macropain. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 262, 273-285.
    • (1988) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.262 , pp. 273-285
    • McGuire, M.J.1    Croall, D.E.2    DeMartino, G.N.3
  • 63
    • 0027493870 scopus 로고
    • PA28, an activator of the 20S proteasome, is inactivated by proteolytic modification at its carboxyl terminus
    • Ma, C.P., Willy, P.J., Slaughter, C.A. and DeMartino, G.N. (1993) PA28, an activator of the 20S proteasome, is inactivated by proteolytic modification at its carboxyl terminus. J. Biol. Chem., 268, 22514-22519.
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 22514-22519
    • Ma, C.P.1    Willy, P.J.2    Slaughter, C.A.3    DeMartino, G.N.4
  • 64
    • 0021119618 scopus 로고
    • Optical sectioning microscopy: Cellular architecture in three dimensions
    • Agard, D.A. (1984) Optical sectioning microscopy: cellular architecture in three dimensions. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng., 13, 191-219.
    • (1984) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. , vol.13 , pp. 191-219
    • Agard, D.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.