Making Sense of Assessment Feedback in Higher Education

Review of Educational Research

Volumn 83, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 70-120

  Evans, Carol ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

assessment; feedback; feedback gap; feedback landscape; higher education

Indexed keywords

EID: 84874568537     PISSN: 00346543     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3102/0034654312474350     Document Type: Review

References (231)

1. Alkaher I.,Dolan E.Instructors' decisions that integrate inquiry teaching into undergraduate courses: How do I make this fit?.International Journal of Teaching and Learning. 2011;5:1-24.
2. Alpay E.,Cutler P. S.,Eisenbach S.,Field A. J.Changing the marks-based culture of learning through peer-assisted tutorials.European Journal of Engineering Education. 2010;35:17-32.
3. Angelo T. A.Reassessing (and defining) assessment.AAHE Bulletin. 1995;48 (3): 7.
4. Archer J. C.State of the science in health professional education: Effective feedback.Medical Education. 2010;44:101-108.
5. Asghar A.Reciprocal peer coaching and its use as a formative assessment strategy for first-year students.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:403-417.
6. Assessment Reform Group. (2002). Assessment for learning: 10 principles. Research-based principles to guide classroom practice. Retrieved from http://www.uni-koeln.de/hf/konstrukt/didaktik/benotung/assessment_basis.pdf.
7. Ball E. C.Annotation an effective device for student feedback: A critical review of the literature.Nurse Education in Practice. 2010;10:138-143.
8. Ballantyne R.,Hughes K.,Mylonas A.Developing procedures for implementing peer assessment in large classes using an action research process.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2002;27:427-441.
9. Bandura A.Social theory of self-regulation.Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Process. 1991;50:248-287.
10. Bangert-Drowns R. L.,Kulik C. C.,Kulik J. A.,Morgan M. T.The instruction effect of feedback in test-like events.Review of Educational Research. 1991;6:218-238.
11. Basak C.,Vethaeghen P.Three layers of working memory: Focus-switch costs and retrieval dynamics as revealed by the N-count task.Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 2011;23:204-219.
12. Beaumont C.,O'Doherty M.,Shannon L.Reconceptualising assessment feedback: A key to improving student learning.Studies in Higher Education. 2011;36:1-17.
13. Bennett R. E.Formative assessment: A critical review.Assessment in Education, Principles, Policy and Practice. 2011;18:5-25.
14. Bereiter C.Liberal education in a knowledge society. Smith B., ed. Chicago, IL: Open Court; 2002:223-244.
15. Bitchner J.,Young S.,Cameron D.The effect of different types of corrective feedback in ESL student writing.Journal of Second Language Writing. 2005;14:191-205.
16. Black P.,McCormick R.Reflections and new directions.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:493-499.
17. Black P.,Wiliam D.Assessment and classroom learning.Assessment in Education. 1998;5:7-74.
18. Black P.,Wiliam D.Developing the theory of formative assessment.Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability. 2009;21:5-31.
19. Blom D.,Poole K.Peer assessment of tertiary music performance. Opportunities for understanding performance assessment and performing through experience and self-reflection.British Journal of Music Education. 2004;21:111-25.
20. Bloxham S.,Campbell L.Generating dialogue in assessment feedback: Exploring the use of interactive cover sheet.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:291-300.
21. Bloxham S.,West A.Understanding the rules of the game: Marking peer assessment as a medium for developing students' conceptions of assessment.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2004;29:721-733.
22. Boekaerts M.Handbook of child psychology volume 4: Child psychology in practice. Damon W.Lerner R. A.Renninger K. A.Sigel I. E., ed. New York, NY: Wiley; 2006:345-377.
23. Boekaerts M.,Maes S.,Karoly P.Self-regulation across domains of applied psychology: Is there an emerging consensus?.Applied Psychology: An International Review. 2005;54:149-154.
24. Boud D.Assessment for learning in higher education. Knight P., ed. London: Kogan Page; 1995:35-48.
25. Boud D.Sustainable assessment: Rethinking assessment for the learning society.Studies in Continuing Education. 2000;22:151-167.
26. Boud D.Assessment 2020: Seven propositions for assessment reform in higher education. Sydney, Australia: Australian Learning and Teaching Council; 2010:.
27. Boud D.,Falchikov N.Aligning assessment with long-term learning.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2006;31:399-413.
28. Rethinking assessment in higher education. Boud DFalchikov N, ed. Oxford, UK: Routledge; 2007:.
29. Boud D.,Lawson R. Paper presented at the 14 Biennial EARLI Conference; 2011Exeter, UK; 2011.
30. Boulton-Lewis G. M.,Marton F.,Wilss L. A.Perspectives on thinking, learning, and cognitive styles. Sternberg R. J.Zhang L-F., ed. Mahwah, NJ: Laurence Erlbaum Associates; 2001:137-164.
31. Bouzidi L.,Jaillet A.Can online peer assessment be trusted?.Educational Technology & Society. 2009;12:257-268.
32. Braun V.,Clarke V.Using thematic analysis in psychology.Qualitative Research in Psychology. 2006;3:77-101.
33. Brew C.,Riley P.,Walta C.Education, students and their teachers: Comparing views on participative assessment practices.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:641-657.
34. Brown J.Feedback: The student perspective.Research in Post-Compulsory Education. 2007;12:33-51.
35. Brown S.Afterword.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:347-349.
36. Burke D.Strategies for using feedback students bring to higher education.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:41-50.
37. Service-learning in higher education: Critical issues and directions. Butin D, ed. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan; 2005:.
38. Butler L. B.,Winne P. H.Feedback and self-regulated learning: A theoretical synthesis.Review of Educational Research. 1995;65:245-281.
39. Cain S.Quiet: The power of introverts in a world that can't stop talking. New York, NY: Crown Publishers; 2012:.
40. Carillo-de-la-Pena M. T.,Casereas X.,Martinez A.,Ortet G.,Perez J.Formative assessment and academic achievement in pre-graduate students of health sciences advances.Health Science Education. 2009;14:61-67.
41. Carless D.Differing perceptions in the feedback process.Studies in Higher Education. 2006;31:219-233.
42. Carless D.Learning-oriented assessment: Conceptual basis and practical implications.Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 2007;44:57-66.
43. Carless D.,Joughin G.,Mok M. C.Learning-oriented assessment: Principles and practice.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2006;31:395-398.
44. Carless D.,Salter D.,Yang M.,Lam J.Developing sustainable feedback practices.Studies in Higher Education. 2011;36:395-407.
45. Cartney P.Exploring the use of peer assessment as a vehicle for closing the gap between feedback given and feedback used.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:551-564.
46. Case S.Reconfiguring and realigning the assessment feedback processes for an undergraduate criminology degree.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2007;32:285-299.
47. Cazzell M.,Rodriguez A.Qualitative analysis of student beliefs and attitudes after an objective structured clinical evaluation: Implications for affective domain learning in undergraduate nursing.Journal of Nursing Education. 2011;50:711-714.
48. Chang N.Pre-service teachers' views: How did e-feedback through assessment facilitate their learning?.Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. 2011;11:16-33.
49. Chen N. S.,Wei C. W.,Wu K. T.,Uden L.Effects of high level prompts and peer assessment on online learners' reflection levels.Computers & Education. 2009;52:283-291.
50. Clark I.Formative assessment: Policy, perspectives, and practice.Florida Journal of Educational Administration & Policy. 2011;4:158-180.
51. Covic T.,Jones M. K.Is the essay resubmission option a formative or summative assessment and does it matter as long as the grades improve.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2008;33:75-85.
52. Cowan N.The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity.Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 2001;24:87-185.
53. Cramp A.Developing first-year engagement with written feedback.Active Learning in Higher Education. 2011;12:113-124.
54. Crisp B. R.Is it worth the effort? How feedback influences students' subsequent submission of assessable work.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2007;32:571-581.
55. Crisp G.Integrative assessment: reframing assessment practice for current and future learning.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2012;37:33-44.
56. Crook C.,Gross H.,Dymott R.Assessment relationships in higher education: The tension of process and practice.British Educational Research Journal. 2006;32:95-114.
57. Crossouard B.,Pryor J.Using email for formative assessment with professional doctorate students.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:377-388.
58. Davies P.Peer assessment: Judging the quality of students' work by comments rather than marks.Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 2006;43:69-82.
59. De Grez M.,Valcke M.,Berings L.Peer assessment of oral presentation skills.Innovation and Creativity in Education. 2010;2:1776-1780.
60. DeNisi A.,Kluger A. N.Feedback effectiveness: Can 360 degree appraisals be improved?.Academy of Management Executives. 2000;14:129-139.
61. DiBattista D.,Gosse L.,Sinnige-Egger J-A.,Candale B.,Sargeson K.Grading scheme, test difficulty, and the immediate feedback assessment technique.Journal of Experimental Education. 2009;77:311-336.
62. Dippold D.Peer feedback through blogs: Student and teacher perceptions in an advanced German class.ReCALL: Journal of Eurocall. 2009;21:18-36.
63. Donche V.,Coertjens L.,Vanthournout G.,Van Petegem P.Providing constructive feedback on learning patterns: An individual learner's perspective.Reflecting Education. 2012;8:114-131.
64. Draper S. W.What are learners actually regulating when given feedback?.British Journal of Educational Technology. 2009;40:306-315.
65. Duckworth A. L.,Peterson C.,Matthews M. D.,Kelly D. R.Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2007;9:1087-1101.
66. Dweck C. S.Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press; 2000:.
67. Eckel P. D.,King J. E.An overview of higher education in the United States: Diversity, access, and the role of the market place. Washington, DC: American Council on Education; 2004:.
68. Efklides A.,Volet S.Emotional experiences during learning: Multiple, situated and dynamic.Learning and Instruction. 2005;15:377-380.
69. Ellery K.Assessment for learning: A case study using feedback effectively in an essay-style test.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2008;33:421-429.
70. Epstein M. L.,Lazarus A. D.,Calvano T. B.,Matthews K. A.,Hendel R. A.,Epstein B. B.,Brosvic G. M.Immediate feedback assessment technique promotes learning and corrects inaccurate first responses.Psychological Record. 2002;52:187-201.
71. Eraut M.Feedback.Learning in Health and Social Care. 2006;5:111-118.
72. Evans C.Facilitating transitions to masters-level learning-Improving formative assessment and feedback processes. Executive summary. Final extended report. Scott D.Evans C.Hughes G.Burke P. J.Watson D.Walter C.Stiasny M.Bentham M.Huttly S., ed. London, UK: Institute of Education; 2011:.
73. Evans C. Paper presented at the17 Annual ELSIN conference; 2012Cardiff, UK; 2012.
74. Evans C.,Waring M.Exploring students' perceptions of feedback in relation to cognitive styles and culture.Research Papers in Education. 2011a;26:171-190.
75. Evans C.,Waring M.Student teacher assessment feedback preferences: The influence of cognitive styles and gender.Learning and Individual Differences. 2011b;21:271-280.
76. Evans C.,Waring M.Style differences in cognition, learning, and management: Theory, research and practice. Rayner S.Cools E., ed. New York, NY: Routledge; 2011c:188-203.
77. Falchikov N.Product comparisons and process benefits of collaborative self and peer group assessments.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 1986;11:146-166.
78. Falchikov N.,Goldfinch J.Student peer assessment in higher education: A meta-analysis comparing peer and teacher marks.Review of Educational Research. 2000;70:287-322.
79. Fallows S.,Chandramohan B.Multiple approaches to assessment: Reflections on use of tutor, peer, and self assessment.Teaching in Higher Education. 2001;6:229-245.
80. Ferguson P.Student perceptions of quality feedback in teacher education.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2011;36:51-62.
81. Fisher R.,Cavanagh J.,Bowles A.Assisting transition to university: Using assessment as a formative learning tool.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2011;36:225-237.
82. Fluckiger J.,Vigil Y.,Tixier Y.,Pasco R.,Danielson K.Formative feedback: Involving students as partners in assessment to enhance learning.College Teaching. 2010;58:136-140.
83. Friedman B. A.,Cox P. L.,Maher L. E.An expectancy theory motivation approach to peer assessment.Journal of Management Education. 2008;32:580-612.
84. Fritz C. O.,Morris P. E.When further learning fails: Stability and change following repeated presentation of text.British Journal of Psychology. 2000;91:493-511.
85. Fund Z.Effects of communities of reflecting peers on student-teacher development including in-depth case studies.Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice. 2010;16:679-701.
86. Furedi F.Exit the comfort zone.Times Higher Education. 2012;:5.
87. Galbraith R. M.,Hawkins R. E.,Holmboe E. S.Making self-assessment more effective.Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions. 2008;28:20-24.
88. Gibbs G.Dimensions of quality. York, UK: The Higher Education Academy; 2010:.
89. Gibbs G.,Simpson C.Conditions under which assessment supports students' learning.Learning and Teaching in Higher Education. 2004;1:3-31.
90. Gielen S.,Dochy F.,Onghena P.An inventory of peer assessment diversity.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2011;36:137-155.
91. Gikandi J. W.,Morrow D.,Davis N. E.Online formative assessment in higher education: A review of the literature.Computers & Education. 2011;57:2333-2351.
92. Gilbert L.,Whitelock D.,Gale V.Synthesis report on assessment and feedback with technology enhancement. Southampton, UK: Electronics and Computer Science EPrints; 2011:.
93. Gipps C.Learning for life in the 21st century. Wells G.Claxton G., ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell; 2002:73-83.
94. Gipps C. V.What is the role for ICT-based assessment in universities?.Studies in Higher Education. 2005;30:171-180.
95. Graziano-King J.Assessing student writing: The self-revised essay.Journal of Basic Writing (CUNY). 2007;26:75-94.
96. Greenhalgh T.,Peacock R.Effectiveness and efficiency of search methods in systematic reviews of complex evidence: Audit of primary sources.British Medical Journal. 2005;331:1064-1065.
97. Gulikers J.,Bastiaens T.,Kirschner P.A five-dimensional framework for authentic assessment.Educational Technology Research and Development. 2004;52:67-85.
98. Handley K.,Cox B.Beyond model answers: Learners' perceptions of self-assessment materials in e-learning applications.ALT-J Research in Learning Technology. 2007;15:21-36.
99. HandleyK.Den OuterB. (2008). Report on Cascade Partner Initiatives conducted for the FDTL5 Project Engaging students with assessment feedback. Retrieved from https://wiki.brookes.ac.uk/download/attachments/27656259/FDTL+Feedback+Cascade+Partners+Report+-+May+2008.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1211457980000.
100. HandleyK.PriceM.MillarJ. (1476 2008). Engaging students with assessment feedback. Final report for FDTL project 144/03. Retrieved from http://www.brookes.ac.uk/aske/documents/FDTL_FeedbackProjectReportApril2009.pdf.
101. Handley K.,Williams L.From copying to learning: Using exemplars to engage students with assessment criteria and feedback.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2011;36:95-108.
102. Hannafin M. J.,Hannafin K. D.,Dalton D. W.Interactive instruction and feedback. Dempsey J. V.Sales G.C., ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications; 1993:263-286.
103. Hattie J.,Timperley H.The power of feedback.Review of Educational Research. 2007;77:81-112.
104. Hatziapostoulou T.,Paraskakis I.Enhancing the impact of formative feedback on student learning through an online feedback system.Electronic Journal of e-Learning. 2010;8:11-122.
105. Hatzipanagos S.,Warburton S.Feedback as dialogue: Exploring the links between formative assessment and social software in distance learning.Learning Media and Technology. 2009;34:45-59.
106. Hayes K. D.,Devitt A. A.Classroom discussions with student-led feedback: A useful activity to enhance development of critical thinking skills.Journal of Food Science Education. 2008;7:65-68.
107. Hendry G. D.,Bromberger N.,Armstrong S.Constructive guidance and feedback for learning: The usefulness of exemplars, marking sheets and different types of feedback in a first year law subject.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2011;36:1-11.
108. Herrington J.,Herrington A.Authentic assessment and multimedia: How university students respond to a model of authentic assessment.Higher Education Research & Development. 1998;17:305-322.
109. Higgins R.,Hartley P.,Skelton A.Getting the message across: The problem of communicating assessment feedback.Teaching in Higher Education. 2001;6:269-274.
110. Higgins R.,Hartley P.,Skelton A.The conscientious consumer: Reconsidering the role of assessment feedback in student learning.Studies in Higher Education. 2002;27:53-64.
111. Hounsell D.Rethinking assessment in higher education. Boud D.Falchikov N., ed. London, UK: Routledge; 2007:101-113.
112. Hounsell D. Invited special interest group at the 14 Biennial EARLI conference; 2011Exeter, UK; 2011.
113. Hounsell D.,McCune V.,Hounsell J.,Litjens J.The quality of guidance and feedback to students.Higher Education Research and Development. 2008;27:55-67.
114. Hunt J. B.,Tierney T. J.American higher education: How does it measure up for the 21st century?. San Jose, CA: The National Centre for Public Policy and Higher Education; 2006:.
115. Huxham M.Fast and effective feedback: are model answers the answer?.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2007;32:601-611.
116. Hyatt D. F."Yes, a very good point! ": A critical genre analysis of a corpus of feedback commentaries on master of education assignments.Teaching in Higher Education. 2005;10:339-353.
117. Ibabe I.,Jauregizar J.Online self-assessment with feedback and metacognitive knowledge.Higher Education. 2010;59:243-258.
118. Jakhelln R.Early career teachers' emotional experiences and development: A Norwegian case study.Professional Development in Education. 2011;37:275-290.
119. James M.,McCormick R.Teachers learning how to learn.Teaching and Teacher Education. 2009;25:973-982.
120. Jonsson A.,Mattheos N. S.,Svingby G.,Attstrom R.Dynamic assessment and the "interactive examination. ".Educational Technology & Society. 2007;10:17-27.
121. Joughin G.Assessment, learning and judgement in higher education. Joughin G., ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2009a:13-29.
122. Joughin G.The hidden curriculum revisited: A critical review of research into the influence of summative assessment on learning.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009b;35:335-345.
123. Joughin G.Students' experience of assessment: What don't we know?. Proceedings of the 32 HERDSA Conference; 2009cDarwin, Australia: HERDSA; 2009c. 585.
124. Juwah C.,MacFarlane-Dick D.,Matthew B.,Nicol D.,Ross D.,Smith B.Enhancing student learning through effective formative feedback. York, UK: Higher Education Academy Generic Centre; 2004:.
125. Kauffman J.,Schunn C.Students' perceptions about peer assessment for writing: Their origin and impact on revision work.Instructional Science. 2011;39:387-406.
126. Keppell M.,Au E.,Ma A.,Chan C.Peer learning and learning-oriented assessment in technology-enhanced environments.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2006;31:453-464.
127. Kim M.The impact of an elaborated assessee's role in peer assessment.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:105-114.
128. Kluger A. N.,DeNisi A.The effects of feedback interventions on performance. A historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory.Psychological Bulletin. 1996;119:254-284.
129. Knight P.,Yorke M.Assessment, learning and employability. Maidenhead, UK: SRHE/Open University Press; 2003:.
130. Krapp A.Basic needs and the development of interest and intrinsic motivational orientations.Learning and Instruction. 2005;15:381-395.
131. Krause-Jensen J.Seven birds with one magic bullet: Designing assignments that encourage student participation.Learning and Teaching. The International Journal of Higher Education in the Social Sciences. 2010;3:51-68.
132. Lew M. D. N.,Alwis W. A. M.,Schmidt H. G.Accuracy of students' self-assessment and their beliefs about utility.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:135-156.
133. Lindblom S.,Pihlajamaki S.,Kotkas T.Self, peer and teacher assessment of student essays.Active Learning in Higher Education. 2006;7:51-62.
134. Lipnevich A. A.,Smith J. K."I really need feedback to learn ": Students' perspectives on the effectiveness of the differential feedback messages.Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability. 2009;21:347-367.
135. Liu N. F.,Carless D.Peer feedback: The learning element of peer assessment.Teaching in Higher Education. 2006;11:279-290.
136. Lizzio A.,Wilson K.Feedback on assessment: students' perceptions of quality and effectiveness.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2008;33:263-275.
137. Loddington S.,Pond K.,Wilkinson N.,Willmot P.A case study of the development of WebPA: An online peer-moderated tool.British Journal of Educational Technology. 2009;40:329-341.
138. Maringe F.Leading learning: Enhancing the learning experience of university students through anxiety auditing.Education, Knowledge, and Economy. 2010;4:15-31.
139. Martens R.,de Brabander C.,Rozendaal J.,Boekaerts M.,van der Leeden R.Inducing mind sets in self-regulated learning with motivational information.Educational Studies. 2010;36:311-327.
140. McKeachie W. J.Effective teaching in higher education: Research and practice. Perry R. P.Smart J. C., ed. Bronx, NY: Agathon; 1997:396-408.
141. McMahon T.Peer feedback in an undergraduate programme: Using action research to overcome students' reluctance to criticise.Educational Action Research. 2010;18:273-287.
142. Miller C.,Doering A.,Scharber C.No such thing as failure, only feedback: Designing innovative opportunities for e-assessment and technology-mediated feedback.Journal of Interactive Learning Research. 2010;21:197-224.
143. Miller C. M. L.,Parlett M.Up to the mark: A study of the examination game. London: Society for Research Into Higher Education; 1974:.
144. Mutch A.Exploring the practice of feedback to students.Active Learning in Higher Education. 2003;4:24-38.
145. Mutton T.,Burn K.,Hagger H.Making sense of learning to teach: Learners in context.Research Papers in Education. 2010;25:73-91.
146. Nelson M. M.,Schunn C. D.The nature of feedback: How different types of peer feedback affect writing performance.Instructional Science. 2009;37:375-401.
147. Nicol D.Laying a foundation for lifelong learning: Case studies of e-assessment in large 1st-year classes.British Journal of Educational Technology. 2007;38:668-678.
148. Nicol D.Transforming assessment and feedback: Enhancing integration and empowerment in the first year. Scotland, UK: Quality Assurance Agency; 2008:.
149. Nicol D.Assessment for learner self-regulation: Enhancing achievement in the first year using learning technologies.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:335-352.
150. Nicol D.From monologue to dialogue: Improving written feedback processes in mass higher education.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:501-517.
151. NicolD.Macfarlane-DickD. (2004). Rethinking formative assessment in HE: A theoretical model and seven principles of good feedback practice. Retrieved from http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/assets/York/documents/ourwork/assessment/web0015_rethinking_formative_assessment_in_he.pdf.
152. Nicol D. J.,MacFarlane-Dick D.Formative assessment and self-regulated learning: A model and seven principles of good feedback practice.Studies in Higher Education. 2006;31:199-218.
153. O'Connor E. A.The effect on learning, communication and assessment when students created Youtubes of microteaching were used in an online teacher educated course.Journal of Educational Technology Systems. 2011;39:135-154.
154. O'Donovan B.,Price N.,Rust C.Know what I mean? Enhancing student understanding of assessment standards and criteria.Teaching in Higher Education. 2004;9:325-335.
155. Op't Eynde P.,Turner J. E.Focusing on the complexity of emotion issues in academic learning: A dynamical component systems approach.Educational Psychology Review. 2006;18:361-376.
156. Orrell J.Feedback on learning achievement: rhetoric and reality.Teaching in Higher Education. 2006;11:441-456.
157. Orsmond P.Self- and peer assessment: Guidance on practice in the biosciences. York, UK: Higher Education Academy; 2006:.
158. Orsmond P.,Merry S.,Callaghan A.Implementation of a formative assessment model incorporating peer and self-assessment.Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 2004;41:273-290.
159. Orsmond O.,Merry S.,Reiling K.Biology students' utilisation of tutors' formative feedback: A qualitative interview study.Assessment and Evaluation in Education. 2005;30:369-386.
160. Paas F.,Renkl A.,Sweller J.Cognitive load theory and instructional design.Educational Psychologist. 2003;38:1-4.
161. Paivio A.Mental representation: A dual-coding approach. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1986:.
162. Papinczak T.,Young L.,Groves M.Peer assessment in problem-based learning: A qualitative study.Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2007;12:169-186.
163. Parker P.,Baughan P.Providing written assessment feedback that students will value and read.International Journal of Learning. 2009;16:253-262.
164. Pascarella E. T.,Terezeni P.How college affects students. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2005:.
165. Pekrun R.Feelings and emotions in the learning process.Learning and Instruction. 2005;15:497-506.
166. Perera J.,Lee N.,Win K.,Perera J.,Wijesuriya L.Formative feedback to students: The mismatch between faculty perceptions and student expectations.Medical Teacher. 2008;30:395-399.
167. Perera J.,Mohamadou G.,Kaur S.The use of objective structured self-assessment and peer-feedback (OSSP) for learning communication skills: Evaluation using a controlled trial.Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2010;15:185-193.
168. Porte M. C.,Xeroulis G.,Reznick R. K.,Dubrowski A.Verbal feedback from an expert is more effective than self-accessed feedback about motion efficiency in learning new surgical skills.American Journal of Surgery. 2007;193:105-110.
169. Poulos A.,Mahony M. J.Effectiveness of feedback: The students' perspective.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2008;33:143-154.
170. Price M.,Handley K.,Millar J.,O'Donovan B.Feedback: All that effort but what is the effect?.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:277-289.
171. Prins F. J.,Sluijsmans D. M. A.,Kirschner P. A.,Strijbos J-W.Formative peer assessment in a CSCL environment: A case study.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2005;30:417-444.
172. Understanding assessment: Its role in safeguarding academic standards and quality in higher education. Gloucester, UK: The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education; 2011:.
173. Quinton S.,Smallbone T.Feeding forward: Using feedback to promote student reflection and learning: A teaching model.Innovations in Education and Teaching International. 2010;47:125-135.
174. Rae A. M.,Cochrane D. K.Listening to students: How to make written assessment feedback useful.Active Learning in Higher Education. 2008;9:217-230.
175. Ramaprasad A.On the definition of feedback.Behavioral Science. 1983;28:4-13.
176. Rodriguez Gomez G. Paper presented at the 14 Biennial EARLI conference; 2011Exeter, UK; 2011.
177. Ruiz-Primo M. A.Informal formative assessment: The role of instructional dialogues in assessing students' learning.Studies in Educational Evaluation. 2011;37:15-24.
178. Rushton C.,Ramsey P.,Rada R.Peer assessment in a collaborative hypermedia environment: A case study.Journal of Computer-Based Instruction. 1993;20:75-80.
179. Rust C.The impact of assessment on student learning: How can the research literature practically help to inform the development of departmental assessment strategies and learner-centred assessment practices?.Active Learning in Higher Education. 2002;3:145-158.
180. Rust C.Towards a scholarship of assessment.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2007;32:229-237.
181. Rust C.,O'Donovan B.,Price M.A social constructivist assessment process model: How the research literature shows us this could be best practice.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2005;30:231-240.
182. Sadler D. R.Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems.Instructional Science. 1989;18:119-144.
183. Sadler D. R.Interpretations of criteria-based assessment and grading in higher education.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2005;30:175-194.
184. Sadler D. R.Beyond feedback: Developing student capability in complex appraisal.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:535-550.
185. Sainsbury E. J.,Walker R. A.Assessment as a vehicle for learning: Extending collaboration into testing.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2008;33:103-117.
186. Sargeant J.,Armson H.,Chesluk B.,Dornan T.,Eva K.,Holmboe E., van der Vleuten C.The processes and dimensions of informed self-assessment: A conceptual model.Academic Medicine. 2010;85:1212-1220.
187. Sargeant J.,Mann K.,Sinclair D.,Vleuten C. V. D.,Metsemakers J.Understanding the influence of emotions and reflection upon multi-source feedback acceptance and use.Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2008;1:275-288.
188. Scott D.,Evans C.,Hughes G.,Burke P. J.,Watson D.,Walter C., Huttly S.Facilitating transitions to masters-level learning-Improving formative assessment and feedback processes. Executive summary. Final extended report. London, UK: Institute of Education; 2011:.
189. Scott D.,Usher R.Researching education. London, UK: Continuum; 2011:.
190. Seifert T.Understanding student motivation.Educational Research. 2010;46:137-149.
191. Sendziuk P.Sink or swim? Improving student learning through feedback and self-assessment.International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. 2010;22:320-330.
192. Shalem Y.,Slonimsky L.Seeing epistemic order: Construction and transmission of evaluative criteria.British Journal of Sociology of Education. 2010;31:755-778.
193. Shulman L. S.,Shulman J. H.How and what teachers learn: A shifting perspective.Journal of Curriculum Studies. 2004;36:257-271.
194. Shute V. J.Focus on formative feedback.Review of Educational Research. 2008;78:153-189.
195. Siegel M.More than words: The generative power of transmediation for learning.Canadian Journal of Education. 1995;20:455-475.
196. Slavin R. E.Best-evidence synthesis: An alternative to meta-analytic and traditional reviews.Educational Researcher. 1986;15:5-11.
197. Sluijsmans D. M. A.,Brand-Gruwel S.,Van Merrienboer J. J. G.Peer assessment training in teacher education: Effects on performance and perceptions.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2002;27:443-454.
198. Sluijsmans D. M. A.,Van Merrienboer J. J. G.A peer assessment model. Heerlen, Netherlands: Center for Educational Technology and Expertise; 2000:.
199. Stern L. A.,Solomon A.Effective faculty feedback: The road less travelled.Assessing Writing. 2006;11:22-41.
200. Strijbos J. W.,Sluijsmans D.Unravelling peer assessment: Methodological, functional, and conceptual developments.Learning and Instruction. 2010;20:265-269.
201. Stryker S.Identity salience and role performance: The importance of symbolic interaction for family research.Journal of Marriage and Family. 1968;30:558-564.
202. Sweller J.Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning.Cognitive Science. 1988;12:257-285.
203. Taras M.To feedback or not to feedback in student self-assessment.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2003;28:549-565.
204. Taras M.Issues of power and equity in two models of self-assessment.Teaching in Higher Education. 2008;13:81-92.
205. Timmers C.,Veldkamp B.Attention paid to feedback provided by a computer-based assessment for learning on information literacy.Computers and Education. 2011;56:923-930.
206. Topping K. J.Peer assessment between students in college and university.Review of Educational Research. 1998;68:249-276.
207. Topping K. J.Methodological quandaries in studying process and outcomes in peer assessment.Learning and Instruction. 2010;20:339-343.
208. Torrance H.Assessment "as " learning? How the use of explicit learning objectives, assessment criteria and feedback in post-secondary education and training can come to dominate learning.Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice. 2007;14:281-294.
209. Tsai C. C.,Liang J. C.The development of science activities via on-line peer assessment: The role of scientific epistemological views.Instructional Science. 2007;37:293-310.
210. Tseng S. C.,Tsai C. C.Taiwan college students' self-efficacy and motivation of learning in online peer assessment environments.Internet and Higher Education. 2010;13:164-169.
211. Van den Berg I.,Admiraal W.,Pilot A.Peer assessment in university teaching: Evaluating seven course designs.Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. 2006;31:19-36.
212. Van der Pol J.,Van den Berg B. A. M.,& Admiraal W. F.,Simons R. P. J.The nature, reception, and use of online peer feedback in higher education.Computers and Education. 2008;51:1804-1817.
213. Van Zundert M.,Sluijsmans D. M. A.,Van Merrienböer J. J. B.Effective peer assessment processes: Research findings and future directions.Learning and Instruction. 2010;20:3270-3279.
214. Värlander S.The role of students' emotions in formal feedback situations.Teaching in Higher Education. 2008;13:145-156.
215. Vermeer H.,Boekaerts M.,Seegers G.Motivational and gender differences: Sixth-grade students' mathematical problem-solving behaviour.Journal of Educational Psychology. 2001;92:308-315.
216. Vermunt J. D.,Verloop N.Congruence and friction between learning and teaching.Learning and Instruction. 1999;9:257-280.
217. Vickerman P.Student perspectives on formative peer assessment: An attempt to deepen learning?.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:221-230.
218. Virtanen J. I.,Suomalainen K.,Aarnio M.,Silenti M.,Murtomaa H.Effect of directional intervention on Web-based student feedback.European Journal of Dental Education. 2009;13:248-251.
219. Walker M.An investigation into written comments on assignments: Do students find them usable?.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2009;34:67-78.
220. Walser T. M.An action research study of student self-assessment in higher education.Innovative Higher Education. 2009;34:299-306.
221. Ware P.Computer generated feedback in student writing.TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect. 2011;45:769-774.
222. Weaver M. R.Do students value feedback? Student perceptions of tutors' written responses.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2006;31:379-394.
223. Webb M.,Jones J.Exploring tensions in developing assessment for learning.Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice. 2009;16:165-184.
224. Wenger E.Communities of practice and social learning systems.Organization. 2000;7:225-246.
225. Wenger E.,McDermott R.,Synder W. M.Cultivating communities of practice. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press; 2002:.
226. Wiliam D.What is assessment for learning?.Studies in Educational Evaluation. 2011;37:3-14.
227. Wiliam D.,Leahy S.Formative assessment classroom: Theory into practice. McMillan J. H., ed. New York, NY: Teachers College Press; 2007:29-42.
228. Wingate U.The impact of formative feedback on the development of academic writing.Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education. 2010;35:519-533.
229. Xiao Y.,Lucking R.The impact of two types of peer assessment on students' performance and satisfaction within a Wiki environment.Internet and Higher Education. 2008;11:186-193.
230. Yorke M.Formative assessment in higher education: Moves towards theory and the enhancement of pedagogic practice.Higher Education. 2003;45:477-501.
231. Young P."I might as well give up ": Self-esteem and mature students' feelings about feedback on assignments.Journal of Further and Higher Education. 2000;24:409-418.