Toll-like receptors and innate immunity

Advances in Immunology

Volumn 78, Issue , 2001, Pages 1-56

  Akira, S ^a  

^a OSAKA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN; CD11 ANTIGEN; CD14 ANTIGEN; CD18 ANTIGEN; CERAMIDE; CYCLIC AMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; CYTOKINE; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; LIPOPROTEIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PACLITAXEL; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; PHOSPHOLIPASE C; PHOSPHOLIPASE D; PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE C; RAPAMYCIN; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ZYMOSAN;

BACTERIAL CELL WALL; HOST RESISTANCE; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNITY; MOLECULAR CLONING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0034972226     PISSN: 00652776     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2776(01)78001-7     Document Type: Chapter

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107. Cutting edge: Cells that carry A null allele for toll-like receptor 2 are capable of responding to endotoxin
108. A toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
109. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces the association and coordinate activation of p53/56lyn and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in human monocytes
110. Rho proteins and the p38-MAPK pathway are important mediators for LPS- induced interleukin-8 expression in human endothelial cells
111. Cutting edge: Inflammatory signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins is mediated by toll-like receptor 2
112. Cutting edge: Repurification of lipopolysaccharide eliminates signaling through both human and murine toll-like receptor 2
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117. Cutting edge: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficient mice are hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide: Evidence for TLR4 as the Lps gene product
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149. CD14-dependent internalization of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is strongly influenced by LPS aggregation but not by cellular responses to LPS
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159. Rottlerin, a PKC isozyme-selective inhibitor, affects signaling events and cytokine production in human monocytes
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172. A recessive mutation, immune deficiency (imd), defines two distinct control pathways in the Drosophila host defense
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174. NF-kappa B: A pleiotropic mediator of inducible and tissue-specific gene control
175. Constitutive activation of toll mediated antifungal defense in serpin-deficient Drosophila
176. Characterization of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase in normal and endotoxin-tolerant cells
177. Severe liver degeneration in mice lacking the IkappaB kinase 2 gene
178. Toll-like receptor 4 imparts ligand-specific recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide
179. The lipopolysaccharide-activated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 induces synthesis of the closely related receptor TLR-2 in adipocytes
180. Bacterial DNA as immune cell activator
181. TNF-alpha gene expression in macrophages: Regulation by NF-kappaB is independent of c-Jun or C/EBP beta
182. A Drosophila TNF-receptor-associated factor (TBAF) binds the ste20 kinase Misshapen and activates Jun kinase
183. CD 14 dependent activation of protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinases (p42 and p44) in human monocytes treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide
184. In vivo inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B activation prevents inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and systemic hypotension in a rat model of septic shock
185. TRAF6 deficiency results in osteopetrosis and defective interleukin-1, CD40, and LPS signaling
186. Nucleotide sequence and expression of a cDNA encoding MyD88, a novel myeloid differentiation primary response gene induced by IL6
187. Protein kinase C zeta isoform is critical for kappa B dependent promoter activation by sphingomyelinase
188. Lipopolysaccharide antagonists
189. Antagonism of immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides by quinacrine, chloroquine, and structurally related compounds
190. Role of ceramide in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signaling. LPS increases ceramide rather than acting as a structural homolog
191. Lipopolysaccharide mediated transcriptional activation of the human tissue factor gene in THP-1 monocytic cells requires both activator protein 1 and nuclear factor kappa B binding sites
192. Alterations in macrophage G proteins are associated with endotoxin tolerance
193. MAP3K-related kinase involved in NF-kappaB induction by TNF, CD95 and IL 1
194. A mosaic analysis in Drosophila fat body cells of the control of antimicrobial peptide genes by the Rel proteins Dorsal and DIF
195. Disruption of microtubule network in human monocytes induces expression of interleukin-1 but not that of interleukin-6 nor tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Involvement of protein kinase A stimulation
196. Wortmannin inhibits activation of nuclear transcription factors NF-kappaB and activated protein-1 induced by lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester
197. Taxol increases steady-state levels of lipopolysaccharide-inducible genes and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in murine macrophages
198. Lipopolysaccharide antagonists block taxol-induced signaling in murine macrophages
199. Structural determinants for the interaction of lipopolysaccharide binding protein with purified high density lipoproteins: Role of apolipoprotein A-I
200. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recognition in macrophages. Participation of LPS binding protein and CD14 in LPS-induced adaptation in rabbit peritoneal exudate macrophages
201. The CD14 ligands lipoarabinomannan and lipopolysaccharide differ in their requirement for Toll-like receptors
202. Human toll-like receptors mediate cellular activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
203. Limited role of ceramide in lipopolysaccharide-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, transcription factor induction, and cytokine release
204. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced signal transduction in endotoxin-tolerized mouse macrophages: Dysregulation of cytokine, chemokine, and toll-like receptor 2 and 4 gene expression
205. Innate immunity: The virtues of a nonclonal system of recognition
206. MyD88 is an adaptor protein in the hToll/IL 1 receptor family signaling pathways
207. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation and signal transduction in the absence of Src-family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn
208. Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF-kappaB factor
209. IKK-1 and IKK-2: Cytokine-activated IkappaB kinases essential for NF-kappaB activation
210. Regulation by PGE2 of the production of oxygen intermediates by LPS-activated macrophages
211. Expression of protein kinase C genes in hemopoietic cells is cell-type- and B cell-differentiation stage specific
212. Getting knotted: A model for the structure and activation of Spatzle
213. Multiple signalling pathways lead to the activation of the nuclear factor kappaB by the Rho family of GTPases
214. Isolation, structure elucidation, and synthesis of a macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide from Mycoplasma fermentans acting at picomolar concentration
215. How do animal phagocytes process bacterial lipopolysaccharides?
216. Uptake and deacylation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by macrophages from normal and endotoxin-hyporesponsive mice
217. Regulatory functions of phospholipase A2
218. Differential expression and regulation of toll-like receptors (TLR) in human leukocytes: Selective expression of TLR3 in dendritic cells
219. The human toll signaling pathway: Divergence of nuclear factor kappaB and JNK/SAPK activation upstream of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)
220. IRAK (Pelle) family member IRAK-2 and MyD88 as proximal mediators of IL-1 signaling
221. Severe osteopetrosis, defective interleukin-1 signalling and lymph node organogenesis in TBAF6-deficient mice
222. Phosphorylation at threonine-235 by a ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is essential for transcription factor NF-IL6
223. Differential regulation of IkappaB kinase alpha and beta by two upstream kinases, NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and mitogen activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase-1
224. Phosphorylation and activation of a high molecular weight form of phospholipase A2 by p42 microtubule-associated protein 2 kinase and protein kinase C
225. Transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB regulates the inducible expression of the human B1 receptor gene in inflammation
226. The kinase TAK1 can activate the NIK-I kappaB as well as the MAP kinase cascade in the IL-1 signalling pathway
227. Cutting edge: Endotoxin tolerance in mouse peritoneal macrophages correlates with down-regulation of surface toll-like receptor 4 expression
228. Activation of human monocytic cells by Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins and synthetic lipopeptides proceeds via a pathway distinct from that of lipopolysaccharide but involves the transcriptional activator NF-kappaB
229. Effect of cyclic AMP and prostaglandin E2 on the induction of nitric oxide- and prostanoid-forming pathways in cultured rat mesangial cells
230. Control of natural resistance to Salmonella typhimurium and Leishmania donovani in mice by closely linked but distinct genetic loci
231. Role of IKK1 and IKK2 in lipopolysaccharide signaling in human monocytic cells
232. Signal transduction pathways activated by the IL-1 receptor family: Ancient signaling machinery in mammals, insects, and plants
233. Cutting edge: Heat shock protein 60 is a putative endogenous ligand of the toll-like receptor-4 complex
234. The role of cyclic AMP in the lipopolysaccharide induced suppression of thymidine kinase activity in macrophage
235. Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells
236. A critical role for the Rela subunit of nuclear factor kappaB in regulation of multiple immune-response genes and in Fas-induced cell death
237. Increasing cAMP attenuates induction of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in rat primary astrocytes
238. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase induces nitric-oxide synthase in lipopolysaccharide- or cytokine-stimulated C6 glial cells
239. Tumor necrosis factor alpha- or lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of the murine P-selectin gene in endothelial cells involves novel kappaB sites and a variant activating transcription factor/cAMP response element
240. Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, enhances LPS-induced NO production from murine peritoneal macrophages
241. CD 14-dependent and CD 14-independent signaling pathways in murine macrophages from normal and CD 14 knockout mice stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or taxol
242. Activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB by Rho, CDC42, and Rac-1 proteins
243. Monocytic cell type-specific transcriptional induction of collagenase
244. Role for the class A macrophage scavenger receptor in the phagocytosis of apoptotic thymocytes in vitro
245. Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 gene
246. Physical contact between lipopolysaccharide and Toll-like receptor 4 revealed by genetic complementation
247. Salmonella typhimurium and lipopolysaccharide stimulate extracellularly regulated kinase activation in macrophages by a mechanism involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and phospholipase D as novel intermediates
248. An ATF/CREB-binding site is essential for cell-specific and inducible transcription of the murine MIP-1 beta cytokine gene
249. Endotoxin-tolerant mice have mutations in Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4)
250. Lipoproteins of Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum activate cachectin/tumor necrosis factor synthesis. Analysis using a CAT reporter construct
251. Mechanism of endotoxin desensitization: Involvement of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor beta
252. Signal transduction pathways involved in the activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, and c fos by Mycoplasma fermentans membrane lipoproteins in macrophages
253. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by Mycoplasma fermentans membrane lipoproteins in murine macrophages: Involvement in cytokine synthesis
254. Identification and characterization of an IkappaB kinase
255. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation
256. Macrophage activation: Lipoarabinomannan from avirulent and virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis differentially induces the early genes c fos, KC, JE, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
257. A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll
258. Induction of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in human leukocytes by lipopolysaccharide
259. Immunostimulatory DNA sequences function as T helper-1-promoting adjuvants
260. New insights into the regulation of protein kinase C and novel phorbol ester receptors
261. The Rel protein DIF mediates the antifungal but not the antibacterial host defense in Drosophila
262. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in macrophages by mycoplasmal lipopeptides
263. Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase B, and p70 S6 kinases in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells: Differential effects of rapamycin, Ly294002, and wortmannin on nitric oxide production
264. The role of a phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C in the production of diacylglycerol for nitric oxide synthesis in macrophages activated by IFN gamma and LPS
265. The atypical PKC-interacting protein p62 channels NF-kappaB activation by the IL-1-TRAF6 pathway
266. Synergy and cross-tolerance between toll-like receptor (TLR) 2- and TLR4-mediated signaling pathways
267. An AP1 binding site upstream of the kappa immunoglobulin intron enhancer binds inducible factors and contributes to expression
268. Dominant and recessive mutations define functional domains of Toll, a transmembrane protein required for dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo
269. Hck enhances the adherence of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages via Cbl and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
270. Dithiocarbamates as potent inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells
271. CD14-dependent mechanism for endotoxin-mediated nitric oxide synthesis in murine macrophages
272. Structure and function of lipopolysaccharide binding protein
273. Peptidoglycan- and lipoteichoic acid-induced cell activation is mediated by toll-like receptor 2
274. Cloning and characterization of the murine toll-like receptor 5 (Tlr5) gene: Sequence and mRNA expression studies in Salmonella susceptible MOLF/Ei mice
275. Mapping of genetic modulators of natural resistance to infection with Salmonella typhimurium in wild-derived mice
276. Multiple forms of phospholipase A2 in arthritic synovial fluid
277. MD-2, a molecule that confers lipopolysaccharide responsiveness on Toll- like receptor 4
278. Definition of a lipopolysaccharide-responsive element in the 5′- flanking regions of MuRantes and crg-2
279. TAK1 mediates the ceramide signaling to stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase
280. Inhibition of cytokine induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by glucagon and cAMP in cultured hepatocytes
281. Heterotrimeric G proteins physically associated with the lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 modulate both in vivo and in vitro responses to lipopolysaccharide
282. Bacterial DNA and immunostimulatory CpG oligonucleotides trigger maturation and activation of murine dendritic cells
283. Protein kinase C-alpha modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced functions in a murine macrophage cell line
284. Macrophages ingest and are activated by bacterial DNA
285. Lipopolysaccharide induces activation of CD14-associated protein tyrosine kinase p53/56lyn
286. Genetic control of leucocyte responses to endotoxin
287. Lipopolysaccharide nonresponder cells: The C3H/HeJ defect
288. Mitogenicity of DNA from different organisms for murine B cells
289. A role for macrophage scavenger receptors in atherosclerosis and susceptibility to infection
290. IL-1 receptor-associated kinase modulates host responsiveness to endotoxin
291. Macrophage-mediated tumor cell killing: Regulation of expression of cytolytic activity by prostaglandin E
292. Diphosphoryl lipid A from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ATCC 17023 blocks induction of cachectin in macrophages by lipopolysaccharide
293. Limb and skin abnormalities in mice lacking IKKalpha
294. Cutting Edge: TLR2-deficient and MyD88-deficient mice are highly susceptible to staphylococcus aureus infection
295. Differential roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in recognition of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial cell wall components
296. Cutting edge: Preferentially the R stereoisomer of the mycoplasmal lipopeptide macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 activates immune cells through a toll-like receptor 2- and MyD88-dependent signaling pathway
297. TLR6: A novel member of an expanding toll-like receptor family
298. Cellular responses to bacterial cell wall components are mediated through MyD88-dependent signaling cascades
299. Cerivastatin suppresses lipopolysaccharide induced ICAM-1 expression through inhibition of Rho GTPase in BAEC
300. Embryonic lethality, liver degeneration, and impaired NF-kappaB activation in IKK-beta-deficient mice
301. Cellular binding of soluble CD 14 requires lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein
302. Involvement of both the tyrosine kinase and the phosphatidylinositol-3′ kinase signal transduction pathways in the regulation of lipoprotein lipase expression in J774.2 macrophages by cytokines and lipopolysaccharide
303. Innate immune recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide: Dependence on interactions with membrane lipids and endocytic movement
304. Mice genetically hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exhibit a defect in endocytic uptake of LPS and ceramide
305. Protection from lethal gram-positive infection by macrophage scavenger receptor-dependent phagocytosis
306. Impaired cytokine signaling in mice lacking the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase
307. Isolation of a lipopolysaccharide-binding acute phase reactant from rabbit serum
308. How BCG led to the discovery of immunostimulatory DNA
309. Synthetic oligonucleotides with particular base sequences from the eDNA encoding proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG induce interferons and activate natural killer cells
310. Transactivation by NF-IL6/LAP is enhanced by phosphorylation of its activation domain
311. New function for high density lipoproteins. Their participation in intravascular reactions of bacterial lipopolysaccharides
312. Receptor-dependent mechanisms of cell stimulation by bacterial endotoxin
313. The Toll-like receptor g is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens
314. Protein kinase C epsilon is required for the induction of mitogen- activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages
315. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induced B cell activation is mediated via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase dependent signaling pathway
316. Involvement of a pertussis toxin sensitive G-protein-coupled phospholipase A2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated prostaglandin E2 synthesis in cultured rat mesangial cells
317. Mitogen and stress response pathways: MAP kinase cascades and phosphatase regulation in mammals and yeast
318. The genetic mapping of a defective LPS response gene in C3H/HeJ mice
319. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in mice. I. Evidence for a single gene that influences mitogenic and immunogenic respones to lipopolysaccharides
320. Calcium-regulated phosphorylation within the leucine zipper of C/EBP beta
321. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR mediate lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production in macrophages via interferon-beta
322. IRAK-M is a novel member of the Pelle/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family
323. MyD88: An adapter that recruits IRAK to the IL-1 receptor complex
324. The interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) is essential for IL-1-induced activation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and stress-activated protein kinases (SAP kinases)
325. Protein kinase C regulates macrophage tumor necrosis factor secretion: Direct protein kinase C activation restores tumor necrosis factor production in endotoxin tolerance
326. Lipopolysaccharide induces actin reorganization and tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 and paxillin in monocytes and macrophages
327. The 18-wheeler mutation reveals complex antibacterial gene regulation in Drosophila host defense
328. Suppression of interleukin-12 production by human monocytes after preincubation with lipopolysaccharide
329. Lps(d)/Ran of endotoxin-resistant C3H/HeJ mice is defective in mediating lipopolysaccharide endotoxin responses
330. CD18-deficient cells respond to lipopolysaccharide in vitro
331. Adhesion-promoting receptors on human macrophages recognize Escherichia coli by binding to lipopolysaccharide
332. Does endotoxin stimulate cells by mimicking ceramide?
333. CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein
334. Soluble CD14 acts as a shuttle in the neutralization of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by LPS-binding protein and reconstituted high density lipoprotein
335. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein is carried on lipoproteins and acts as a eof actor in the neutralization of LPS
336. Targeted deletion of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein gene leads to profound suppression of LPS responses ex vivo, whereas in vivo responses remain intact
337. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and soluble CD14 transfer lipopolysaccharide to phospholipid bilayers: Preferential interaction with particular classes of lipid
338. MEK kinase 1 is critically required for c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation by proinflammatory stimuli and growth factor-induced cell migration
339. Role of transcription factor NF-kappaB/Rel in induction of nitric oxide synthase
340. Identification of a member of the MAPKKK family as a potential mediator of TGF-beta signal transduction
341. Involvement of diacylglycerol production in activation of nuclear factor kappaB by a CD 14 mediated lipopolysaccharide stimulus
342. Unique palindromic sequences in synthetic oligonucleotides are required to induce IFN [correction of INF] and augment IFN-mediated [correction of INF] natural killer activity
343. DNA from bacteria, but not from vertebrates, induces interferons, activates natural killer cells and inhibits tumor growth
344. Cellular events mediated by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Toll-like receptor 4. MD-2 is required for activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and Elk-1
345. Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling
346. Signaling events induced by lipopolysaccharide-activated toll-like receptor 2
347. Lipopolysaccharide induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in human monocytic cells. Regulation by Egr-1, c-Jun, and NF-kappaB transcription factors
348. CpG DNA rescue from anti-IgM-induced WEHI-231 B lymphoma apoptosis via modulation of I kappa B alpha and I kappa B beta and sustained activation of nuclear factor-kappa B/c-Rel
349. Rapid induction of mitogen-activated protein kinases by immune stimulatory CpG DNA
350. CpG motifs in bacterial DNA activate leukocytes through the pH-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species
351. Cutting edge: Recognition of Gram-positive bacterial cell wall components by the innate immune system occurs via Toll-like receptor 2
352. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates nuclear factor-kappaB through interleukin-1 signaling mediators in cultured human dermal endothelial cells and mononuclear phagocytes
353. Pertussis toxin-sensitive factor differentially regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide production in mouse peritoneal macrophages
354. Role of protein kinase C isozymes in Fc gamma receptor-mediated intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureus by human monocytes
355. Molecular mechanism in tolerance to lipopolysaccharide
356. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibits NF-kappaB mobilization and TNF production in human monocytes
357. Tolerance to lipopolysaccharide involves mobilization of nuclear factor kappa B with predominance of p50 homodimers