Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF- κB factor

Genes and Development

Volumn 13, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 792-797

  Meng, Xiangjun ^a   Khanuja, Bhupinder S ^a   Ip, Y Tony ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Dif; Drosomycin; Drosophila; Immunity; NF B; Toll

Indexed keywords

DEFENSIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; DNA SEQUENCE; DROSOPHILA; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE INDUCTION; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC CONSERVATION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;

ANIMALIA; DROSOPHILA;

EID: 0033118490     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.13.7.792     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Attar, R.M., J. Caamano, D. Carrasco, V. Iotsova, H. Ishikawa, R.P. Ryseck, F. Weih, and R. Bravo. 1997. Genetic approaches to study Rel/NF-kappaB/I kappaB function in mice. Semin. Cancer Biol. 8: 93-101.
2. Baeuerle, P.A. and D. Baltimore. 1996. NF-κB: Ten years after. Cell 87: 13-20.
3. Barillas-Mury, C., A. Charlesworth, I. Gross, A. Richman, J. A. Hoffmann, and F. C. Kafatos. 1996. Immune factor Gambif1, a new rel family member from the human malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. EMBO J. 15: 4691-4701.
4. Basler, K. and G. Struhl. 1994. Compartment boundaries and the control of Drosophila limb pattern by hedgehog protein. Nature 368: 208-214.
5. Berg, C.A. and A.C. Spradling. 1991. Studies on the rate and site-specificity of P element transposition. Genetics 127: 515-524.
6. Chaudhary, P.M., C. Ferguson, V. Nguyen, O. Nguyen, H.F. Massa, M. Eby, A. Jasmin, B.J. Trask , L. Hood, and P.S. Nelson. 1998. Cloning and characterization of two Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor-like genes TIL3 and TIL4: Evidence for a multi-gene receptor family in humans. Blood 91: 4020-4027.
7. Drier, E.A. and R. Steward. 1997. The dorsoventral signal transduction pathway and the Rel-like transcription factors in Drosophila. Semin. Cancer Biol. 8: 83-92.
8. Dushay, M.S., B. Asling, and D. Hultmark. 1996. Origins of immunity: Relish, a compound Rel-like gene in the antibacterial defense of Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 10343-10347.
9. Engstrom, Y., L. Kadalayil, S.-C. Sun, C. Samakovlis, D. Hultmark, and I. Faye. 1993. κB-like motifs regulate the induction of immune genes in Drosophila. J. Mol. Biol. 232: 327-333.
10. Gross, I., P. Georgel, C. Kappler, J.M. Reichhart, and J.A. Hoffmann. 1996. Drosophila immunity: A comparative analysis of the Rel proteins dorsal and Dif in the induction of the genes encoding diptericin and cecropin. Nucleic Acids Res. 24: 1238-1245.
11. Han, Z.S., H. Enslen, X. Hu, X. Meng, I.-H. Wu, T. Barrett, R.J. Davis, and Y.T. Ip. 1998. A conserved p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway regulates Drosophila immunity gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 3527-3539.
12. Hoffmann, J.A., J.-M. Reichhart, and C. Hetru. 1996. Innate immunity in higher insects. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 8: 8-13.
13. Hultmark, D. 1993. Immune reactions in Drosophila and other insects: A model for innate immunity. Trends Genet. 9: 178-193.
14. 2-terminal kinase (JNK)-from inflammation to development. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 10: 205-219.
15. Ip, Y.T., M. Reach, Y. Engstrom, L. Kadalayil, H. Cai, S. Gonzalez-Crespo, K. Tatei, and M. Levine. 1993. Dif, a dorsal-related gene that mediates an immune response in Drosophila. Cell 75: 753-763.
16. Kappler, C., M. Meister, M. Lagueux, E. Gateff, J.A. Hoffmann, and J.-M. Reichhart. 1993. Insect immunity. Two 17 bp repeats nesting a ?B-related sequence confer inducibility to the diptericin gene and bind a polypeptide in bacteria-challenged Drosophila. EMBO J. 12: 1561-1568.
17. Lemaitre, B., M. Meister, S. Govind, P. Georgel, R. Steward, J.-M. Reichhart, and J.A. Hoffmann. 1995a. Functional analysis and regulation of nuclear import of dorsal during the immune response in Drosophila. EMBO J. 14: 536-545.
18. Lemaitre, B., E. Kromer-Metzger, L. Michaut, E. Nicolas, M. Meister, P. Georgel, J.M. Reichhart, and J.A. Hoffmann. 1995b. A recessive mutation, immune deficiency (imd), defines two distinct control pathways in the Drosophila host defense. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92: 9465-9469.
19. Lemaitre, B., E. Nicolas, L. Michaut, J.M. Reichhart, and J.A. Hoffmann. 1996. The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spatzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults. Cell 86: 973-983.
20. Liu, K.D., S.L. Gaffen, and M.A. Goldsmith. 1998. JAK/STAT signaling by cytokine receptors. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10: 271-278.
21. Mathey-Prevot, B. and N. Perrimon. 1998. Mammalian and Drosophila blood: JAK of all trades? Cell 92: 697-700.
22. Medzhitov, R., P. Preston-Hurlburt, and C.A. Janeway, Jr. 1997. A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity. Nature 388: 394-397.
23. Nicolas, E., J.-M. Reichhart, J.A. Hoffmann, and B. Lemaitre. 1998. In vivo regulation of the I kappa B homologue cactus during the immune repsone of Drosophila. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 10463-10469.
24. Parker, J.E., M.J. Coleman, V. Szabo, L.N. Frost, R. Schmid, E.A. van der Biezen, T. Moores, C. Dean, M.J. Daniels, and J.D. Jones. 1997. The Arabidopsis downy mildew resistance gene RPP5 shares similarity to the Toll and interleukin receptors with N and L6. Plant Cell 9: 879-894.
25. Petersen, U.-M., G. Bjorklund, Y.T. Ip, and Y. Engstrom. 1995. The dorsal-related immunity factor, Dif, is a sequence-specific trans-activator of Drosophila Cecropin gene expression. EMBO J. 14: 3146-3158.
26. Rock, F.L., G. Hardiman, J.C. Timans, R.A. Kastelein, and J.F. Bazan. 1998. A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll. Proc. Natl. Acad .Sci. 95: 588-593.
27. Ryals, J., K. Weymann, K. Lawton, L. Friedrich, D. Ellis, H.Y. Steiner, J. Johnson, T.P. Delaney, T. Jesse, P. Vos, and S. Uknes. 1997. The Arabidopsis NIM1 protein shows homology to the mammalian transcription factor inhihitor IκB. Plant Cell 9: 425-439.
28. Stein, D., J.S. Goltz, J. Jurcsak, and L. Stevens. 1998. The dorsal-related immunity factor (Dif) can define the dorsal-ventral axis of polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Development 125: 2159-2169.
29. Steward, R. 1987. Dorsal, an embryonic polarity gene in Drosophila, is homolugous to the vertebrate proto-oncogen, c-rel. Science 238: 692-694.
30. Steward, R., F.J. McNally, and P. Schedl. 1984. Isolation of the dorsal locus of Drosophila. Nature 311: 262-265.
31. Sun, S.-C., and I. Faye. 1992. Cecropia immunoresponsive factor, an insect immunoresponsive factor with DNA binding properties similar to nuclear factor κB. Eur. J. Biochem. 204: 885-892.
32. Tower, J., G.H. Karpen, N. Craig, and A.C. Spradling. 1993. Preferential transposition of Drosophila P-elements to nearby chromosome sites. Genetics 133: 347-359.
33. Verma, I.M., J.K. Stevenson, E.M. Schwarz, D. Van Antwerp, and S. Miyamoto. 1995. Rel/NF-κB/IκB family: Intimate tales of association and dissociation. Genes & Dev 9: 2723-2735.
34. Wharton, R.P. and G. Struhl. 1989. Structure of the Drosophila BicaudalD protein and its role in localizing the the posterior determinant nanos. Cell 59: 881-892.
35. Whitham, S., S.P. Dinesh-Kumar, D. Choi, R. Hehl, C. Corr, and B. Baker. 1994. The product of the tobacco mosaic virus resistance gene N: Similarity to toll and the interleukin-1 receptor. Cell 78: 1101-1115.
36. Williams, M.J., A. Rodriguez, D.A. Kimbrell, and E.D. Eldon. 1997. The 18-wheeler mutation reveals complex antibacterial gene regulation in Drosophila host defense. EMBO J. 16: 6120-6130.
37. Wilson, I., J. Vogel, and S. Somerville. 1997. Signalling pathways: a common theme in plants and animals? Curr. Biol. 7: R175-R178.
38. Wu, L.P. and K.V. Anderson. 1997. Related signaling networks in Drosophila that control dorsoventral patterning in the embryo and the immune response. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 62: 97-103.
39. _. . 1998. Regulated nuclear import of Rel proteins in the Drosophila immune response. Nature 392: 93-97.
40. Yang, R.B., M.R. Mark, A. Gray, A. Huang, M.H. Xie, M. Zhang, A. Goddard, W.I. Wood, A.L. Gurney, and P.J. Godowski. 1998. Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling. Nature 395: 284-288.