Superoxide dismutase mimics: Chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic potential

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling

Volumn 13, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 877-918

  Batinić Haberle, Ines ^a   Rebouças, Júlio S ^b   Spasojević, Ivan ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PARAÍBA   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEOL 10113; AEOL 10150; CARBONIC ACID; EDETIC ACID DERIVATIVE; EUK 189; FULLERENE DERIVATIVE; HONOKIOL; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; M 40404; MANGANESE DERIVATIVE; MANGANESE N,N' ETHYLENEBIS(3 METHOXYSALICYLIDENEAMINE); MANGANESE SALEN CHLORIDE; MANGANESEDICHLORO(3,10,13,20,26 PENTAAZATETRACYCLO[20.3.1.0(4,9).0(14,19)] 1(26),22(23),24 HEXACOSATRIENE); METALLOPORPHYRIN; NITROXIDE DERIVATIVE; PEROXY RADICAL; PEROXYNITRITE; POLYAMINE DERIVATIVE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; TEMPOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; BIOMIMETIC MATERIAL; MANGANESE; MN-SALEN; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND; POLYAMINE; PORPHYRIN;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; HUMAN; ISCHEMIA; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPERFUSION INJURY; REVIEW; THERMODYNAMICS; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; METABOLISM;

ANIMALIA;

ANIMALS; BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS; HUMANS; MANGANESE; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; POLYAMINES; PORPHYRINS; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE;

EID: 77954735594     PISSN: 15230864     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2876     Document Type: Review

References (350)

1. III compounds as nonpeptidyl mimics of catalase. Mechanism-based tuning of catalase activity: a theoretical study. Inorg Chem 44: 1425-1432, 2005
2. Abidi P, Leers-Sucheta S, Cortez Y, Han J, and Azhar S. Evidence that age-related changes in p38 MAP kinase contribute the decreased steroid production by adrenocor-tical cells from old rats. Aging Cell 7: 168-178, 2008
3. Adam O and Laufs U. Antioxidant effects of statins. Arch Toxicol 82: 885-892, 2008
4. Agadjanian H, Ma J, Rentsendorj A, Vallupiralli V, Hwang JY, Mahammed A, Farkas DL, Gray HB, Gross Z, and Medina-Kauwe LK. Tumor detection and elimination by a targeted gallium corrole. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 6105-6110, 2009
5. Agadjanian H, Weaver JJ, Mahammed A, Rentsendorj A, Bass S, Kim J, Dmochowski IJ, Margalit R, Gray HB, Gross Z, and Medina-Kauwe LK, Specific delivery of corroles to cells via noncovalent conjugates with viral proteins. Pharm Res 23: 367-377, 2006
6. Aladag MA, Turkoz Y, Sahna E, Parlakpinar H, and Gul M. The attenuation of vasospasm by using a SOD mimetic after experimental subarachnoidal haemorrhage in rats. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 145: 673-676, 2003
7. Alexandre J, Nicco C, Chereau C, Laurent A, Weill B, Goldwasser F, and Batteux F. Improvement of the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs by the superoxide dis-mutase mimic, mangafodipir. J Natl Cancer Inst 98: 236-244, 2006
8. 60) derivative with superoxide dis-mutase mimetic properties. Free Radic Biol Med 37: 1191-1202, 2004
9. Al-Maghrebi M, Fridovich I, and Benov L. Manganese supplementation relieves the phenotypic deficits seen in superoxide-dismutase-null Escherichia coli. Arch Biochem Biophys 402: 104-109, 2002
10. Amato RJ, Jac J, and Hernandez-McClain J. Motexafin gadolinium for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: phase II study results. Clin Genitourin Cancer 6: 73-78, 2008
11. Anderson I, Adinolfi C, Doctrow S, Huffman K, Joy KA, Malfroy B, Soden P, Rupniak HT, and Barnes JC. Oxidative signaling and inflammatory pathways in Alzheimer's disease. Biochem Soc Symp 141-149, 2001
12. 60 fullerene nanostuctures in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 47: 786-793, 2009
13. Anjem A, Varghese S, and Imlay JA. Manganese import is a key element of the OxyR response to hydrogen peroxide in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 72: 844-858, 2009
14. Archibald FS and Fridovich I, The scavenging of superox-ide radical by manganous complexes: In vitro. Arch Biochem Biophys 214: 452-463, 1982
15. Archibald FS and Fridovich I. Manganese, superoxide dismutase, and oxygen tolerance in some lactic acid bacteria. J Bacteriol 145: 422-451, 1981
16. 2 dismutation. Free Radic Biol Med 42: 1317-1325, 2007
17. Arora M, Kumar A, Kaundal RK, and Sharma SS. Amelioration of neurological and biochemical deficits by perox-ynitrite decomposition catalysts in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 596: 77-83, 2008
18. Asayama S, Kawamura E, Nagaoka S, and Kawakami H. Design of manganese porphyrin modified with mitochon-drial signal peptide for a new antioxidant. Mol Pharm 3: 468-470, 2006
19. Aslan M, Cort A, and Yucel I. Oxidative and nitrative stress markers in glaucoma. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 367-376, 2008
20. Aslan M, Ryan TM, Adler B, Townes TM, Parks DA, Thompson JA, Tousson A, Gladwin MT, Tarpey MM, Patel RP, Batinić-Haberle I, White CR, and Freeman BA, Oxygen radical inhibition of nitric-oxide dependent vascular function in sickle cell disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 15215-15220, 2001
21. Aston K, Rath N, Naik A, Slomczynska U, Schall OF, and Riley DP. Computer-aided design (CAD) of Mn(II) complexes: superoxide dismutase mimetics with catalytic activity exceeding the native enzyme. Inorg Chem 40: 1779-1789, 2001
22. Aviezer D, Cotton S, David M, Segev A, Khaselev N, Galili N, Gross Z, and Yayon A. Porphyrin analogues as novel antagonists of fibroblast growth factor and vascular endo-thelial growth factor receptor binding that inhibit endo-thelial cell proliferation, tumor progression, and metastasis. Cancer Res 60: 2973-2980, 2000
23. Aviv I and Gross Z. Corrole-based applications. Chem Commun 1987-1999, 2007
24. Baker K, Bucay Marcus C, Huffman K, Malfroy B, and Doctrow S. Synthetic combined superoxide dismutase= catalase mimetics are protective as a delayed treatment in a rat stroke model: a key role for reactive oxygen species in ischemic brain injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 284: 215-221, 1998
25. Barnese K, Gralla EB, Cabelli DE, and Valentine JS, Man-ganous phosphate acts as a superoxide dismutase. J Am Chem Soc 130: 4604-4606, 2008
26. Barrette WC Jr, Sawyer DT, Free JA, and Asada K. Po-tentiometric titrations and oxidation-reduction potentials of several iron superoxide dismutases. Biochemistry 22: 624-627, 1983
27. Bartesaghi S, Ferrer-Sueta G, Peluffo G, Valez V, Zhang H, Kalyanaraman B, and Radi R. Protein tyrosine nitration in hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments. Amino Acids 32: 501-515, 2007 (Pubitemid 46790931)
28. \+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase against oxi-dative inactivation. Free Radic Res 42: 618-624, 2008
29. Batinić-Haberle I, Benov L, Spasojević I, and Fridovich I. The ortho effect makes manganese (III) meso-tetrakis (N-methylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (MnTM-2-PyP) a powerful and potentially useful superoxide dismutase mimic. J Biol Chem 273: 24521-24528, 1998
30. Batinić-Haberle I, Spasojević I, Hambright P, Benov L, Crumbliss AL, and Fridovich I. The relationship between redox potentials, proton dissociation constants of pyrrolic nitrogens, and in vitro and in vivo superoxide dismutase activities of manganese(III) and iron(III) cat-ionic and anionic porphyrins. Inorg Chem 38: 4011-4022, 1999
31. Batinic-Haberle I, Cuzzocrea S, Rebouças JS, Ferrer-Sueta G, Emanuela Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Radi R, Spasojevic I, Benov L, and Salvemini D. Pure MnTBAP selectively scavenges peroxynitrite over superoxide: comparison of pure and commercial MnTBAP samples to MnTE-2-PyP in two different models of oxidative stress injuries, SOD-specific E. coli model and carrageenan-induced pleurisy. Free Radic Biol Med 46: 192-201, 2009
32. th Radiation Research Society Meeting, Savannah 2009, PS6.40 (Book of abstracts), page 143
33. Batinic-Haberle I, Liochev S, Spasojevic I, and Fridovich I. A potent superoxide dismutase mimic:/?-octabromo-meso-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin. Arch Biochem Biophys 343: 225-233, 1997
34. Batinic-Haberle I, Ndengele MM, Cuzzocrea S, Rebouças JS, Masini E, Spasojevic I, and Salvemini D. Lipophilicity is a critical parameter that dominates the efficacy of me-talloporphyrins in blocking morphine tolerance through peroxynitrite-mediated pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 46: 212-219, 2009
35. Batinic-Haberle I, Spasojevic I, and Fridovich I. Tetra-hydrobiopterin rapidly reduces the SOD mimic Mn(III) ortho-tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin. Free Radic Biol Med 37: 367-374, 2004
36. Batinic-Haberle I, Spasojevic I, Stevens RD, Bondurant B, Okado-Matsumoto A, Fridovich I, Vujaskovic Z, and De-whirst MW. New PEG-ylated Mn(III) porphyrins approaching catalytic activity of SOD enzyme. Dalton Trans 617-624, 2006
37. 2~ dismutation. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 2689-2696, 2002
38. 2~ dismutation. Mn(III) methox-yethylpyridyl-and methoxyethylimidazolylporphyrins. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 1696-1702, 2004
39. Batinic-Haberle I, Spasojevic I, Tse HM, Tovmasyan A, St. Clair DK, Vujaskovic Z, Dewhirst MW, and Piganelli JD. Design of Mn porphyrins for treating oxidative stress injuries and their redox-based regulation of cellular transcriptional activities. Amino Acids 2010 (in press)
40. Baudry M, Etinne S, Bruce A, Palucki M, Jacobsen E, and Malfroy B. Salen-maganese complexes are superoxide dismutase mimics. Biochem Biophys Chem Commun 192: 964-988, 1993
41. Bayne AC and Sohal RS. Effects of superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetics on life span and oxidative stress resistance in the housefly, Musca domestica. Free Radic Biol Med 32: 1229-1234, 2002
42. Benatar M. Lost in translation: treatment trials in the SOD1 mouse and in human ALS. Neurobiol Dis 26: 1-13, 2007
43. Bendix J, Dmochowski IJ, Gray HB, Mahammed A, Sim-khovich L, and Gross Z. Structural electrochemical and photophysical properties of gallium(III) 5,10,15-tris(penta-fluorophenyl)corrole. Angew Chem Int Ed 39: 4048-4051, 2000
44. Benov L and Batinić-Haberle I. A manganese porphyrin SOD mimic suppresses oxidative stress and extends the life span of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Free Radic Res 38: 81-88, 2005
45. Bianchi C, Wakiyama H, Faro R, Khan T, McCully JD, Levitsky S, Szabó C, and Sellke FW. A novel peroxynitrite decomposer catalyst (FP-15) reduces myocardial infarct size in an in vivo peroxynitrite decomposer and acute ischemia-reperfusion in pigs. Ann Thorac Surg 74: 1201-1207, 2002
46. Boillee S, Velde VC, and Cleveland DW. ALS: a disease of motor neurons and their nonneuronal neighbors. Neuron 52: 39-59, 2006
47. Bonello S, Zahringer C, BelAiba RS, Djordjevic T, Hesss J, Michiels C, Kietzmann T, and Gorlach A. Reactive oxygen species activate the HIF-1a promoter via a functional NFkB site. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 27: 755-761, 2007
48. Bottino R, Balamurugan AN, Bertera S, Pietropaolo M, Trucco M, and Piganelli JD. Preservation of human islet cell functional mass by anti-oxidative action of a novel SOD mimic compound. Diabetes 51: 2561-11567, 2002
49. Bottino R, Balamurugan AN, Tse H, Thirunavukkarasu C, Ge X, Profozich J, Milton M, Ziegenfuss A, Trucco M, and Piganelli JD. Response of human islets to isolation stress and the effect of antioxidant treatment. Diabetes 53: 2559-2568, 2004
50. Boucher LJ. Manganese Schiff's base complexes-II: synthesis and spectroscopy of chloro-complexes of some derivatives of (salicylaldehydeethylenediimato) manganese(III). J Inorg Nucl Chem 36: 531-536, 1974
51. Brazier MW, Doctrow SR, Masters CL, and Collins SJ. A manganese-superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetic extends survival in a mouse model of human prion disease. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 184-192, 2008
52. Brown NS and Bicknell R. Hypoxia and oxidative stress in breast cancer: oxidative stress: its effects on the growth, metastatic potential and response to therapy of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 3: 323-327, 2001
53. Buchler JW, Kokisch W, Smith PD. Cis, trans, and metal effects in transition metal porphyrins. Struct Bond 34: 79-134, 1978
54. Carnieri N, Harriman A, and Porter G. Photochemistry of manganese porphyrins, part 6: oxidation-reduction equilibria of manganese(III) porphyrins in aqueous solution. J Chem Soc Dalton Trans 931-938, 1982
55. Carreras MC and Poderoso JJ. Mitochondrial nitric oxide in the signaling of cell integrated responses. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292: C1569-C1580, 2006
56. Castello PR, Drechsel DA, Day BJ, and Patel M. Inhibition of mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production by lipo-philic metalloporphyrins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 324: 970-976, 2008
57. Cernanec JM, Weinberg BJ, Batinić-Haberle I, Guilak F, and Fermor B. Influence of oxygen tension on interleukin-1-induced peroxynitrite formation and matrix turnover in articular cartilage. J Rheumatol 34: 401-407, 2007
58. Chang LY and Crapo JD. Inhibition of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity by an antioxidant mimetic. Free Radic Biol Med 33: 379-386, 2002
59. Chang LY, Subramanian M, Yoder BA, Day BJ, Ellison MC, Sunday ME, and Crapo JD. A catalytic antioxidant attenuates alveolar structural remodeling in broncho-pulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 167: 57-64, 2003
60. Chen J, Patil S, Seal S, and McGinnis JF. Rare earth nano-particles prevent retinal degeneration induced by intracel-lular peroxides. Nat Nanotechnol 1: 142-150, 2006
61. Christen Y. Oxidative stress and Alzheimer disease. Am J Clin Nutr 71: 621S-629S, 2000
62. Clausen A, Doctrow S, and Baudry M. Prevention of cognitive deficits and brain oxidative stress with superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetics in aged mice. Neurobiol Aging 31: 425-433, 2010
63. Colon J, Herrera L, Smith J, Patil S, Komanski C, Kupelian P, Seal S, Jenkins DW, and Baker CH. Protection from radiation-induced pneumonitis using cerium oxide nano-particles. Nanomedicine 5: 225-231, 2009
64. Cremades N, Velazquez-Campoy A, Martínez-Júlvez M, Neira JL, Perez-Dorado I, Hermoso Dominguez JA, Jimenez P, Lanas A, Hoffman PS, and Sancho J. Discovery of specific flavodoxin inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents against Helicobacter pylori infection. ACS Chem Biol 4: 928-938, 2009
65. Crimi E, Ignarro LJ, and Napoli C. Microcirculation and oxidative stress. Free Radic Res 41: 1364-1375, 2007
66. Crow J. Catalytic antioxidants to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Expert Opin Invest Drugs 15: 1383-1392, 2006
67. Crow JP, Calinasan NY, Chen J, Hill JL, and Beal MF. Manganese porphyrin given at symptom onset markedly extends survival of ALS mice. Ann Neurol 58: 258-265, 2005
68. Crow JP. Administration of Mn porphyrin and Mn tex-aphyrin at symptom onset extends survival of ALS mice. In: Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry, edited by Sessler JS, Doctrow SR, McMurray TJ, Lippard SJ. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2005, pp. 295-318
69. Crow JP. Peroxynitrite scavenging by metalloporphyrins and thiolates. Free Radic Biol Med 28: 1487-1494, 2000
70. Csiszar A, Wang M, Lakatta EG, and Ungvari ZI. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction during aging: role of NF-kB. J Appl Physiol 105: 1333-1341, 2008
71. Csont T, Viappiani S, Sawicka J, Slee S, Altarejos JY, Batinić-Haberle I, and Schulz R. The involvement of superoxide and iNOS-derived NO in cardiac dysfunction induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. J Mol Cell Cardiol 39: 833-840, 2005
72. Culotta VC, Yang M, and Hall MD. Manganese transport and trafficking: lessons learned from Saccharomyces cerevi-siae. Eukaryot Cell 4: 1159-1165, 2005
73. Cuzzocrea S, Costantino G, Mazzon E, Zingarelli B, De Sarro A, and Caputi AP. Protective effects of Mn(III)tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP), a superoxide dis-mutase mimetic, in paw oedema induced by carrageenan in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol 58: 171-176, 1999
74. Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon D, Dugo L, Caputi AP, Riley DP, and Salvemini D. Protective effects of M40403, a superoxide dismutase mimetic in a rodent model of colitis. Eur J Pharmacol 432: 79-89, 2001
75. Cuzzocrea S, Pisano B, Dugo L, Ianaro A, Ndengele M, and Salvemini D. Superoxide-related signaling cascade mediates nuclear factor-kB activation in acute inflammation. Antioxid Redox Signal 6: 699-704, 2004
76. Cuzzocrea S, Zingarelli B, Constantino G, and Caputi AP. Beneficial effects of Mn(III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) por-phyrin (MnTBAP), a superoxide dismutase mimetic, in a carrageenan-induced pleurisy. Free Radic Biol Med 26: 25-33, 1999
77. th ASTRO, Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology, 2006
78. Das M, Patil S, Bhargava N, Kang JF, Reidel LM, Seal S, and Hickman JJ. Auto-catalytic ceria nanoparticles offer protection to adult rat spinal cord neurons. Biomaterials 28: 1918-1925, 2007
79. Day BJ and Kariya C. A novel class of cytochrome P450 reductase redox cycling: cationic manganoporphyrins. Toxicol Sci 85: 713-719, 2005
80. Day BJ, Batinić-Haberle I, and Crapo JD. Metalloporphyr-ins are potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 26: 730-736, 1999
81. Day BJ, Shawen S, Liochev SI, and Crapo JD. A metallo-porphyrin superoxide dismutase mimetic protects against paraquat-induced endothelial cell injury, in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 275: 1227-1232, 1995
82. Day BJ. Antioxidants as potential therapeutics for lung fi-brosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 355-370, 2008
83. Day BJ. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase mimics. Bio-chem Pharmacol 77: 285-296, 2009
84. Decraene D, Smaers K, Gan D, Mammone T, Matsui M, Maes D, Declercq L, and Garmyn M. A synthetic superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetic (EUK-134) inhibits membrane-damage-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and reduces p53 accumulation in ultraviolet B-exposed primary human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 122: 484-491, 2004
85. DeFreitas-Silva G, Rebouças JS, Spasojević I, Benov L, Idemori YM, and Batinić-Haberle I. SOD-like activity of Mn(II) b-octabromo-meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-3-yl)porphyrin equals that of the enzyme itself. Arch Biochem Biophys 477: 105-112, 2008
86. Dennis KE, Aschner JL, Milatovic D, Schmidt JW, Aschner M, Kaplowitz MR, Zhang Y, and Fike CD. NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species at different stages of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborn piglets. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 297: L596-L607, 2009
87. Desideri A, Falconi M, Parisi V, Morante S, and Rotilio G. Is the activity-linked electrostatic gradient of bovine Cu, Zn superoxide dismutases conserved in homologous enzymes irrespective of the number and distribution of charges? Free Radic Biol Med 5: 313-317, 1988
88. Dessolin J, Schuler M, Quinart A, De Giorgi F, Ghosez L, and Ichas F. Selective targeting of synthetic antioxidants to mitochondria; towards a mitochondrial medicine for neurodegenerative diseases? Eur J Pharmacol 447: 155-161, 2002
89. Dewhirst M, Cao Y, and Moeller B. Cycling hypoxia and free radicals regulate angiogenesis and radiotherapy response. Nat Rev Cancer 8: 425-437, 2008
90. Dhanasekaran A, Kotamraju S, Karunakaran C, Kalivendi SV, Thomas S, Joseph J, and Kalyanaraman B. Mitochondria superoxide dismutase mimetic inhibits peroxide-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis: role of mitochondrial su-peroxide. Free Radic Biol Med 39: 567-583, 2005
91. Dhar A, Kaundal RK, and Sharma SS. Neuroprotective effects of FeTMPyP: a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst in global cerebral ischemia model in gerbils. Pharmacol Res 54: 311-316, 2006
92. Dikalov S, Losik T, and Arbisr JL. Honokiol is a potent scavenger of superoxide and peroxyl radicals. Biochem Pharm 76: 589-596, 2008
93. Doctrow S, Huffman K, Bucay-Marcus C, Tocco G, Malfroy E, Adinolfi CA, Kruk H, Baker K, Lazarowych N, Mas-carenhas J, and Malfroy B. Salen-manganese complexes as catalytic scavengers of hydrogen peroxide and cytopro-tective agents: structure-activity relationship. J Med Chem 45: 4549-4558, 2002
94. Doctrow SR, Baudry M, Huffman K, Malfroy B, and Melov S. Salen-manganese complexes: multifunctional catalytic antioxidants protective in models for neurodegenerative diseases of aging in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry. In: American Chemical Society Symposium Series 903, edited by Sessler JS, Doctrow SR, McMurray TJ, Lippard SJ. ACS and Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 319-347
95. Doyle T, Bryant L, Batinić-Haberle I, Little J, Cuzzocrea S, Masini E, Spasojević I, and Salvemini D. Supraspinal in-activation of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase is a source of peroxynitrite in the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. Neuroscience 164: 702-710, 2009
96. Du W, Adam Z, Rani R, Zhang X, and Pang Q. Oxidative stress in Fanconi anemia hematopoiesis and disease progression. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 1909-1921, 2008
97. Dugan LL, Lovett EG, Quick KL, Lotharius J, Lin TT, and O'Malley KL. Fullerene-based antioxidants and neurode-generative disorders. Parkinson Relat Disord 7: 243-246, 2001
98. Dugan LL, Turetsky TM, Du C, Lobner D, Wheeler M, Almli CR, Shen CK, Luh TY, Choi DW, Lin TS, and Choi DW. Carboxyfullerenes as neuroprotective agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 9434-9439, 1997
99. Eckshtain M, Zilbermann I, Mahammed A, Saltsman A, Okun Z, Maimon E, Cohen H, Meyerstein D, and Gross Z. Superoxide dismutase activity of corrole metal complexes. Dalton Trans 7879-7882, 2009
100. Ellerby RM, Cabelli DE, Graden JA, and Valentine JS. Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase: why not pH-dependent? J Am Chem Soc 118: 6556-6561, 1996
101. Epperly MW, Melendez JA, Zhang X, Nie S, Pearce L, Peterson J, Franicola D, Dixon T, Greenberger BA, Komanduri P, Wang H, and Greenberger JS. Mitochondrial targeting of a catalase transgene product by plasmid liposomes increases radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. Radiat Res 171: 588-595, 2009
102. Eric D, Coulter ED, Emerson JP, Kurtz DM Jr, and Cabelli DE. Superoxide reactivity of rubredoxin oxidoreductase (desulfoferrodoxin) from Desulfovibrio vulgaris: a pulse ra-diolysis study. J Am Chem Soc 122: 11555-11556, 2000
103. Failli P, Bani D, Bencini A, Cantore M, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghekardini C, Giorgi C, Innocenti M, Rugi F, Spepi A, Udisti R, and Valtancoli B. A novel manganese complex effective as superoxide anion scavenger and therapeutic agent against cell and tissue oxidative injury. J Med Chem 52: 7273-7283, 2009
104. Faraggi M, Peretz P, and Weinraub D. Chemical properties of water-soluble porphyrins: 4. the reduction of a "picket-fence-like" iron(III) complex with superoxide oxygen couple. Int J Radiat Biol 49: 951-968, 1986
105. Faulkner KM, Liochev SI, and Fridovich I. Stable Mn(III) porphyrins mimic superoxide dismutase in vitro and substitute for it in vivo. J Biol Chem 269: 23471-23476, 1994
106. Ferrer-Sueta G, and Radi R. Chemical biology of perox-ynitrite: kinetics, diffusion, and radicals. ACS Chem Biol 4: 161-177; 2009
107. Ferrer-Sueta G, Batinić-Haberle I, Spasojević I, Fridovich I, and Radi R. Catalytic scavenging of peroxynitrite by iso-meric Mn(III) N-methylpyridylporphyrins in the presence of reductants. Chem Res Toxicol 12: 442-449, 1999
108. Ferrer-Sueta G, Hannibal L, Batinić-Haberle I, and Radi R. Reduction of manganese porphyrins by flavoenzymes and submitochondrial particles and the catalytic redox cycle of peroxynitrite. Free Radic Biol Med 41: 503-512, 2006
109. Ferrer-Sueta G, Quijano C, Alvarez B, and Radi R. Reactions of manganese porphyrins and manganese-superoxide dismutase with peroxynitrite. Methods Enzymol 349: 23-37, 2002
110. Ferrer-Sueta G, Vitturi D, Batinić-Haberle I, Fridovich I, Goldstein S, Czapski G, and Radi, R. Reactions of manganese porphyrins with peroxynitrite and carbonate radical anion. J Biol Chem 278: 27432-27438; 2003
111. Figueroa-Romero C, Sadidi M, and Feldman EL. Mechanism of disease: the oxidative stress theory of diabetic neuropathy. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 9: 301-314, 2008
112. Finsterer J. Is atherosclerosis a mitochondrial disorder? Vasa 36: 229-240, 2008
113. Fiorillo C, Becatti M, Pensalfini a, Cecchi C, Lanzilao L, Donzelli G, Nassi N, Giannini L, Borchi E, and Nassi P. Curcumin protects cardiac cells against ischemia-reperfusion injury: effects on oxidative stress, NF-kB, and JNK pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 839-846, 2008
114. Fisher AEO, Hague TA, Clarke CL, and Naughton DP. Catalytic superoxide scavenging by metal complexes of the calcium chelator EGTA and contrast agent EHPG. Biochem Biophys Chem Commun 323: 163-167, 2004
115. Fisher AEO and Naughton DP. Metal ion chelating pep-tides with superoxide dismutase activity. Biomed Pharmac-other 59: 158-162, 2005
116. Floyd RA, Kopke RD, Choi CH, Foster SB, Doblas S, and Towner RA. Nitrones as therapeutics. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 1361-1374, 2008
117. Floyd RA. Nitrones as therapeutics in age-related diseases. Aging Cell 5: 51-57; 2006
118. Frank C, Sink C, Mynatt L, Rogers R, and Rappazzo A. Surviving the "valley of death": a comparative analysis, Technol Transfer Spring-Summer: 61-69, 1996
119. Fridovich I. An overview of oxyradicals in medical biology. Adv Mol Cell Biol 25: 1-14, 1998
120. Fridovich I. Oxygen toxicity: a radical explanation. J Exp Biol 201: 1203-1209, 1998
121. Fried LE and Arbiser JL. Honokiol, a multifunctional anti-angiogenic and antitumor agent. Antiox Redox Signal 11: 1139-1148, 2009
122. Fukui H and Moraes CT. The mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration connection: reality or just an attractive hypothesis. Trends Neurosci 31: 251-256, 2007
123. Gauter-Fleckenstein B, Fleckenstein K, Owzar K, Jian C, Batinić-Haberle I, and Vujasković Z. Comparison of two Mn porphyrin-based mimics of superoxide-dismutase (SOD) in pulmonary radioprotection. Free Radic Biol Med 44: 982-989, 2008
124. 5\+ in mitigation and treatment of radiation-induced lung damage. Free Radic Biol Med, 2010 (doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.01.020)
125. Gauuan PJF, Trova MP, Gregor-Boros L, Bocckino SB, Crapo JD, and Day BJ. Superoxide dismutase mimetics: structure-activity relationship study of MnTBAP analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 10: 3013-3021, 2002
126. Genovese T, Mazzon E, Esposito E, Di Paola R, Murthy K, Neville L, Bramanti P, and Cuzzocrea S. Effects of a me-talloporphyrinic peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, ww-85, in a mouse model of spinal cord injury. Free Radic Res 43: 631-645, 2009
127. Gershman Z, Goldberg I, and Gross Z. DNA binding and catalytic properties of positively charged corroles. Angew Chem Int Ed 46: 4320-4324, 2007
128. Getzoff ED, Tainer JA, Weiner PK, Kollman PA, Richardson JS, and Richardson DC, Electrostatic recognition between superoxide and copper, zinc superoxide dismutase. Nature 306: 287-290, 1983
129. Gharbi N, Pressac M, Hadchoule M, Szwarc h, Wilson SR, and Moussa F. [60]Fullerene is a powerful antioxidant in vivo with no acute or subacute toxicity. Nano Lett 5: 2578-2585, 2005
130. Giblin GMP, Boc PC, Campbell IB, Nacock AP, Roomans S, Mills GI, Molloy C, Tranter GE, Walker AL, Doctrow SR, Huffman K, and Malfroy B. 6,6'-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine manganese(III) complexes: a novel series of su-peroxide dismutase and catalase mimetics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11: 1367-1370, 2001
131. Giles SS, Batinić-Haberle I, Perfect JR, and Cox GM. Cryp-tococcus neoformans mitochondrial superoxide dismutase: an essential link between antioxidant function and high temperature growth. Eukariot Cell 4: 46-54, 2005
132. Gloire G and Piette J. Redox regulation of nuclear post-translational; modifications during NF-kB activation. Anti-oxid Redox Signal 11: 2209-2222, 2009
133. Golden TR and Patel M. Catalytic antioxidants and neu-rodegeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 11: 555-569, 2009
134. Goldstein S and Samuni A. Kinetics and mechanism of peroxyl radical reactions with nitroxides. J Phys Chem A 111: 1066-1072, 2007
135. Goldstein S, Czapski G, and Heller A. Osmium tetraoxide, used in the treatment of arthritic joints, is a fast mimic of superoxide dismutase. Free Radic Biol Med 38: 839-845, 2005
136. Goldstein S, Fridovich I, and Czapski G. Kinetic properties of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase as a function of metal content: order restored. Free Radic Biol Med 41: 937-941, 2006
137. Goldstein S, Mereney G, Russo A, and Samuni A. The role of oxoammonium cation in the SOD-like activity of cyclic nitroxides. J Am Chem Soc 125: 789-795, 2003
138. Goldstein S, Samuni A, and Merenyi G. Kinetics of the reaction between nitroxide and thiyl radicals: nitroxides as antioxidants in the presence of thiols. J Phys Chem A 112: 8600-8605, 2008
139. Goldstein S, Samuni A, and Merenyi G. Reactions of nitric oxide, peroxynitrite and carbonate radicals with nitroxides and their corresponding oxoammonium cations. Chem Res Toxicol 17: 250-257, 2004
140. Goldstein S, Samuni A, Hideg K, and Merenyi G. Structure-activity relationship of cyclic nitroxides as SOD mimics and scavengers of nitrogen dioxide and carbonate radicals. J Phys Chem A 110: 3679-3685, 2006
141. Gonzalez PK, Zhuang J, Doctrow SR, Malfroy B, Benson PF, Menconi MJ, and Fink MP. EUK-8 a synthetic super-oxide dismutase and catalase mimetic ameliorates acute lung injury in endotoxemic swine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 275: 798-806, 2002
142. Gridley DS, Makinde AY, Luo X, Rizvi A, Crapo JD, De-whirst MW, Moeller BJ, Pearlstein RD, and Slater JM. Radiation and a metalloporphyrin radioprotectant in a mouse prostate tumor model. Anticancer Res 27: 3101-3109, 2007
143. Gross Z, Galili N, and Saltsman I. The first direct synthesis of corroles from pyrrole. Angew Chem Int Ed 38: 1427-1429, 1999
144. Haber A, Mahammed A, Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Coleman R, Hayek T, Aviram M, and Gross Z. Amphiphilic/bipolar metallocorroles that catalyze the decomposition of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, rescue lipoproteins from oxidative damage, and attenuate atherosclerosis. Angew Chem Int Ed 47: 7896-7900, 2008
145. Halliwell B and Gutteridge JMC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007
146. Halliwell B. Are polyphenols antioxidants or pro-oxidants? What do we learn from cell culture and in vivo studies. Arch Biochem Biophys 476: 107-112, 2008
147. Hahn SM, DeLuca AM, Coffin D, Krishna CM, and Mitchell JB. In vivo radioprotection and effects on blood pressure of the stable free radical nitroxides. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42: 839-842, 1998
148. Hashemy SI, Ungerstedt JS, Avval FZ, and Holmgren A. Motexafin gadolinium, a tumor-selective drug targeting thioredoxin reductase and ribonucleotide reductase, J Biol Chem 281: 10691-10697, 2006
149. Heckert EG, Karakoti AS, Seal S, and Self WT. The role of cerium redox state in the SOD mimetic activity of nano-ceria. Biomaterials 29: 2705-2709, 2008
150. Heckert EG, Seal S, and Self WT. Fenton-like reaction catalyzed by rare earth inner transition metal cerium. Environ Sci Technol 42: 5014-5019, 2008
151. Hidalfo C and Donoso P. Crosstalk between calcium and redox signaling: from molecular mechanisms to health implications. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 1275-1312, 2008
152. Holley AK, Dhar SK, Xu Y, and St Clair DK. Manganese superoxide dismutase: beyond life and death. Amino Acids, 2010 (in press)
153. Hoshino T, Okamoto, M, Takei S, Sakazaki Y, Iwanaga T, and Aizawa H. Redox regulated mechanisms in asthma. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 769-783, 2008
154. Hoshino Y and Mishima M. Redox-based therapeutics for lung disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 701-704, 2008
155. Hoye AT, Davoren JR, and Wipf P. Targeting mitochondria. Acc Chem Res 41: 87-97, 2008
156. Hyodo F, Soule BP, Matsumoto K-I, Matusmoto S, Cook JA, Hyodo E, Sowers A, Krishna MC, and Mitchell JB. Assessment of tissue redox status using metabolic responsive contrast agents and magnetic resonance imaging. J Pharm Pharmacol 60: 1049-1060, 2008
157. Ilan Y, Rabani J, Fridovich I, and Pasternack RF. Superoxide dismuting activity of iron porphyrin. Inorg Nucl Chem Lett 17: 93-96, 1981
158. 2'~, TGF-/?, and VEGF production by macrophages. Free Radic Res 41: 8-14, 2007
159. Jackson IL, Gaunter-Fleckenstein BM, Batinic-Haberle I, Poulton S, Zhao Y, Dewhirst MW, and Vujaskovic, Z. Hyperthermia enhances the anti-angiogenic
160. Jan GP, Bischa D, and Bottle SE. Synthesis and properties of novel porphyrin spin probes containing isoindoline nitr-oxides. Free Radic Biol Med 43: 111-116, 2007
161. Jaramillo MC, Frye JB, Crapo JD, Briehl MM, and Tome ME. Increased manganese superoxide dismutase expression or treatment with manganese porphyrin potentiates dexa-methasone-induced apoptosis in lymphoma cells. Cancer Res 69: 5450-5457, 2009, DOI: 10.1158=0008-5472.CAN-08-4031
162. Jensen AW, Wilson SR, and Schuster DI. Biological applications of fullerenes. Bioorg Med Chem 4: 767-779, 1996
163. Jiang J, Kurnikov I, Belikova NA, Xiao J, Zhao Q, Amoscato AA, Braslau R, Studer A, Fink MP, Greenberger JS, Wipf P, and Kagan VE. Structural requirements for optimized delivery, inhibition of oxidative stress and antiapoptotic activity of targeted nitroxides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 32: 1050-1060, 2007
164. Jung C, Rong Y, Doctrow S, Baudry M, Malfroy B, and Xu Z. Synthetic superoxide=dismutase=catalase mimetics reduce oxidative stress and prolong survival in a mouse amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model. Neurosci Lett 304: 157-160, 2001
165. 5\+ exhibits a high superoxide dismuting rate. Free Radic Biol Med 25: S17, 1998
166. Kachadourian R, Batinić-Haberle I, and Fridovich I. Syntheses and SOD-like activities of partially (1-4) b-chlorinated derivatives of manganese(III) meso-tetrakis (N-methylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin, Inorg Chem 38: 391-396, 1999
167. Kachadourian R, Johnson CA, Min E, Spasojević I, and Day BJ. Flavin-dependent antioxidant properties of a new series of meso-N,N'-dialkyl- imidazolium substituted manga-nese(III) porphyrins. Biochem Pharmacol 67: 77-85, 2004
168. Kajita M, Hikosaka K, Iitsuka M. Kanayama A, Toshima N, and Miyamoto Y. Platinum nanoparticle is a useful scavenger of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Free Radic Res 41: 615-626, 2007
169. Kang JL, Lee HS, Jung HJ, and Kim HJ. Iron tetrakis (N-methyl-4'-pyridyl) porphyrinato inhibits proliferative activity of thymocytes by blocking activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-kappaB, and interleukin-2 secretion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 191: 147-155, 2003
170. Kang JL, Lee HS, Pack IS, Leonard S, and Castranova V. Iron tetrakis (N-methyl-4'-pyridyl) porphyrinato (FeTM-PyP) is a potent scavenging antioxidant and an inhibitor of stimulant-induced NF-kB activation of raw 264.7 macro-phages. J Toxicol Environ Health A 64: 291-310, 2001
171. Keaney M, Matthijssens F, Sharpe M, Vanfleteren J, and Gems D. Superoxide dismutase mimetics elevate superox-ide dismutase activity in vivo but do not retard aging in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Free Radic Biol Med 37: 239-250, 2004
172. Khaldi MZ, Elouil H, Guiot Y, Henquin JC, and Jonas JC. Antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine and manganese(III) tet-rakis (4-benzoic acid)porphyrin do not prevent b-cell disfunction in rat islets cultured in high glucose for 1 wk. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 29:E137-E146, 2006
173. Kim J, Takahashi M, Shimizu T, Shirasawa T, Kajita M, Kanayama A, and Miyamoto Y. Effects of a potent anti-oxidant, platinum nanoparticle, on the lifespan of Cae-norhabditis elegans. Mech Ageing Dev 129: 322-331, 2008
174. Klug-Roth D, Fridovich I, and Rabbani J. Pulse radiolytic investigations of superoxide catalyzed disproportionation: mechanism for bovine superoxide dismutase. J Am Chem Soc 95: 2786-2790, 1973
175. Kohanski MA, Dwyer DJ, Hayete B, Lawrence CA, and Collins JJ. Cell 130: 797-810, 2007
176. Konorev EA, Kotamraju S, Zhao H, Shasi H, Kalivendi S, Joseph J, and Kalyanaraman B. Paradoxical effects of me-talloporphyrins on doxorubicin-induced apoptosis: scavenging of reactive species versus induction of heme oxygenase-1. Free Radic Biol Med 33: 988-997, 2002
177. Korsvik C, Patil S, Seal S, and Self WT. Superoxide dismutase mimetic properties exhibited by vacancy engineered ceria nanoparticles. Chem Commun 1056-1058, 2007
178. Kos I, Benov L, Spasojević I, Rebouças JS, and Batinić-Haberle I. High lipophilicity of meta Mn(III) N-alkylpyr-idylporphyrin-based SOD mimics compensates for their lower antioxidant potency and makes them equally effective as ortho analogues in protecting E. coli. J Med Chem 52: 7868-7872, 2009
179. Kos I, Rebouças JS, DeFreitas-Silva G, Salvemini D, Vu-jasković Z, Dewhirst MW, Spasojević I, and Batinić- Haberle I. The effect of lipophilicity of porphyrin-based antioxi-dants: comparison of ortho and meta isomers of Mn(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins. Free Radic Biol Med 47: 72-78, 2009
180. 5\+, a potent antioxidant and cellular redox modulator. Free Radic Biol Med 45: S86, 2008
181. Krusic PJ, Wasserman E, Keizer PN, Morton JR, and Preston KF. Radical reaction of C60. Science 254: 1183-1185, 1991
182. LahayeD, Muthukumaran K, Hung CH, Gryko D,Rebouças JS, Spasojević I, Batinić-Haberle I, and Lindsey JS. Design and synthesis of manganese porphyrins with tailored lipo-philicity: investigation of redox properties and superoxide dismutase activity. Bioorg Med Chem 15: 7066-7086, 2007
183. Lam MA, Pattison DI, Bottle SE, Keddie DJ, and Davies MJ. Nitric oxide and nitroxides can act as efficient scavengers of protein-derived free radicals. Chem Res Toxicol 21: 211-2119, 2008
184. Lee J, Hunt JA, and Groves JT, Mechanisms of iron por-phyrins reactions with peroxynitrite. J Am Chem Soc 120: 7493-7501, 1998
185. Lee J, Hunt JA, and Groves JT. Manganese porphyrins as redox-coupled peroxynitrite reductases. J Am Chem Soc 120: 6053-6061, 1998
186. Lee JH and Park JW. A manganese porphyrin complex is a novel radiation protector. Free Radic Biol Med 37: 272-283, 2004
187. Lee JH, Lee YM, and Park JW. Regulation of ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis by a manganese porphyrin complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 334: 298-305, 2005
188. Li F, Sonveaux PP, Rabbani ZN, Liu S, Yan B, Huang Q, Vujasković Z, Dewhirst MW, and Li C-H. Regulation of HIF-1a stability through S-nitrosylation. Mol Cell 26: 63-74, 2007
189. Li QX, Luo QH, Li YZ, and Shen MC. A study on the mimics of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase with high activity and stability: two copper(II) complexes of 1,4,7-triazacy-clononane with benzimidazole groups. Dalton Trans 2329-2335, 2004
190. Li S, Yan T, Yang J-Q, Oberley TD, and Oberley LW, The role of cellular glutathione peroxidase redox regulation in the suppression of tumor cell growth by manganese su-peroxide dismutase. Cancer Res 60: 3927-3939, 2000
191. Liang HL, Hilton G, Mortensen J, Regner K, Johnson CP, and Nilakantan V. MnTMPyP, a cell-permeant SOD mimetic, reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis following renal ischemia-reperfusion. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 296: F266-F276, 2008
192. Liang L-P, Huasng J, Fulton R, Day BJ, and Patel M. An orally active catalytic metalloporphyrin protects against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine neurotoxicity in vivo. J Neurosci 27: 4326-4333, 2007
193. Lin Y-T, Hoang H, Hsieh SI, Rangel N, Foster AL, Sampayo JN, Lithgow GJ, and Srinivasan C. Manganous ion supplementation accelerates wild type development, enhances stress resistance, and rescues the life span of a short-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutant. Free Radic Biol Med 40: 1185-1193, 2006
194. Ling X and Liu D. Temporal and spatial profile of cell loss after spinal cord injury: reduction by a metalloporphyrin. J Neurosci Res 85: 2175-2185, 2007
195. Liochev SI and Fridovich I. Superoxide from glucose oxi-dase or from nitroblue tetrazolium? Arch Biochem Biophys 318: 408-410, 1995
196. Liu J-Y, Li X-F, Li Y-Z, Chang WB, and Huang A-J. Oxidation of styrene by various oxidants with different kinds of metalloporphyrins. J Mol Catal A: Chem 187: 163-167, 2002
197. min=\+ mice by targeting the nitric oxide or poly(ADP-ribose) pathways. Mutat Res 548: 107-116, 2004
198. Macarthur H, Westfall TC, Riley DP, Misko TP, and Sal-vemini D. Inactivation of catecholamines by superoxide gives new insights on the pathogenesis of septic shock. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 9753-9758, 2000
199. Mackensen GB, Patel M, Sheng H, Calvi CL, Batinić-Haberle I, Day BJ, Liang LP, Fridovich I, Crapo JD, Pearl-stein RD, and Warner DS. Neuroprotection from delayed post-ischemic administration of a metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidant in the rat. J Neurosci 21: 4582-4592, 2001
200. Mahammed A and Gross Z. Iron and manganese corroles are potent catalysts for the decomposition of peroxynitrite. Angew Chem Int Ed 45: 6544-6547, 2006
201. Makinde AY, Luo-Owen X, Rizvi A, Crapo JD, Pearlstein RD, Slater JM, and Gridley DS. Effect of a metalloporphyrin antioxidant (MnTE-2-PyP) on the response of a mouse prostate cancer model to radiation. Anticancer Res 29: 107-118, 2009
202. Mancuso C, Bates TA, Butterfield DA, Calafato S, Cornelius C, De Lorenzo A, Dinkova Kostova AT, and Calabrese V. Natural antioxidants in Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 16: 1921-1931, 2007
203. Mao XW, Crapo JD, Mekonnen T, Lindsey N, Martinez P, Gridley DS, and Slater JM. Radioprotective effect of a me-talloporphyrin compound in rat eye model. Curr Eye Res 34: 62-72, 2009
204. Maroz A, Kelso GF, Smith RAJ, Ware DC, and Anderson RF. Pulse radiolysis investigation on the mechanism of the catalytic action of Mn(II)- pentaazamacrocycle compounds as superoxide dismutase mimetics. J Phys Chem A 112: 4929-4935, 2008
205. Marti MA, Bari SE, Estrin DA, and Doctorovich F. Discrimination of nitroxyl and nitric oxide by water-soluble Mn(III) porphyrins. J Am Chem Soc 127: 4680-4684; 2005
206. Martin RC, Liu Q, Wo JM, Ray Mb, and Li Y. Chemopre-vention of acrinogenic progression to esophageal adeno-carcinoma by the manganese superoxide dismutase supplementation. Clin Cancer Res 13: 5176-5182, 2007 (Pubitemid 47502087)
207. Masini E, Bani D, Vannacci A, Pierpaoli S, Mannaioni PF, Comhair SAA, Xu W, Muscoli C, Erzurum SC, and Salve-mini D. Reduction of antigen-induced respiratory abnormalities an airway inflammation in sensitized guinea pigs by a superoxide dismutase mimetic. Free Radic Biol Med 39: 520-531, 2005
208. Masini E, Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon E, Marzocca C, Mannaioni PF, and Salvemini D. Protective effects of M40403, a selective superoxide dismutase mimetic, in myocardial is-chaemia and reperfusion injury in vivo. Br J Pharmacol 136: 905-917, 2002
209. Matsukawa N, Yasuhara T, Hara K, Xu L, Maki M, Yu G, Kaneko Y, Ojika K, Hess DC, and Borlongan CV. Therapeutic targets and limits of minocycline neuroprotection in experimental ischemic stroke. BMC Neurosci 10: 126, 2009
210. Matthijssens F, Back P, Braeckman BP, and Vanfleteren JR. Prooxidant activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic EUK-8 in proliferating and growth-arrested Es-cherichia coli cells. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 708-715, 2008
211. Maybauer DM, Maybauer MO, Szabó C, Westphal M, Traber LD, Enkhbaatar P, Murthy KG, Nakano Y, Salzman AL, Herndon DN, and Traber DL. Lung-protective effects of the metalloporphyrinic peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst WW-85 in interleukin-2 induced toxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 377: 786-791, 2008
212. McCord JM and Fridovich I. Superoxide dismutase: an enzymatic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). J Biol Chem 244: 6049-6055, 1969
213. McDonald MC, d'Emamnuele Di Villa Blanca R, Wayman NS, Pinto A, Sharpe MA, Cuzzocrea S, Chatterjee PK, and Thiemermann C. A superoxide dismutase mimetic with catalase activity (EUK-8) reduces the organ injury in en-dotoxic shock. Eur J Pharmacol 466: 181-189, 2003
214. McKinnon RL, Lidington D, and Tyml K, Ascorbate inhibits reduced arterial conducted vasoconstriction in septic mouse cremaster muscle. Microcirculation 14: 697-707, 2007
215. Mehta MP, Shapiro WR, Phan SC, Gervais R, Carrie C, Chabot P, Patchell RA, Glantz MJ, Recht L, Langer C, Sur RK, Roa WH, Mahe MA, Fortin A, Nieder C, Meyers CA, Smith JA, Miller RA, and Renschler MF. Motexafin gadolinium combined with prompt whole brain radiotherapy prolongs time to neurologic progression in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases: results of a phase III trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 73: 1069-1076, 2009
216. Melov S, Ravenscroft J, Malik S, Gill MS, Walker DW, Clayton PE, Wallace DC, Malfroy B, Doctrow SR, and Lithgow GJ. Extension of life-span with superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetics. Science 289: 1567-1569, 2000
217. Metz JA, Smith D, Mick R, Lustig R, Mitchell J, Cherakuri M, Glatstein E, and Hahn SM. A phase I study of topical tempol for the prevention of alopecia induced by whole brain radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 10: 6411-6417, 2004
218. Michel E, Nauser T, Sutter B, Bounds PL, and Koppenol WH. Kinetics properties of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase as a function of metal content. Arch Biochem Biophys 439: 234-240, 2005
219. Miller RJ, James-Kracke M, Sun GY, and Sun AY. Oxidative and inflammatory pathways in Parkinson's disease. Neu-rochem Res 34: 55-65, 2009
220. Mocellin S, Bronte V, and Nitti D. Nitric oxide, a double edged sword in cancer biology: searching for therapeutic opportunities. Med Res Rev 27: 317-352, 2007
221. Moeller BJ, Batinić-Haberle I, Spasojević I, Rabbani ZN, Anscher MS, Vujasković Z, and Dewhirst MW. A manganese porphyrin superoxide dismutase mimetic enhances tumor radioresponsiveness. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63: 545-552, 2005
222. Moeller BJ, Cao Y, Li CY, and Dewhirst MW. Radiation activates HIF-1 to regulate vascular radiosensitivity in tumors: role of oxygenation, free radicals and stress granules. Cancer Cell 5: 429-441, 2004
223. Moon KH, Hood BL, Mukhopadhyay P, Rajesh M, Abdel-megeed MA, Kwon YI, Conrads TP, Veenstra TD, Song BJ, and Pacher P. Oxidative inactivation of key mitochondrial proteins leads to dysfunction and injury in hepatic ischemia reperfusion. Gastroenterology 135: 1344-1357, 2008
224. Moriscot C, Candel S, Sauret V, Kerr-Conte J, Richard MJ, Favrot MC, and Benhamou PY. MnTMPyP, a metallopor-phyrin-based superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetic, protects INS-1 cells and human pancreatic islets from an in vitro oxidative challenge. Diabetes Metab 33: 44-53, 2007
225. Munroe W, Kingsley C, Durazo A, Gralla EB, Imlay JA, Srinivasan C, and Valentine JS, Only one of a wide assortment of manganese-containing SOD mimicking compounds rescues the slow aerobic growth phenotype of both Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains lacking superoxide dismutase enzymes. J Inorg Biochem 101: 1875-1882, 2007
226. Murphy CK, Fey EG, Watkins BA, Wong V, Rothstein D, and Sonis ST. Efficacy of superoxide dismutase mimetic M40403 in attenuating radiation-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. Clin Cancer Res 14: 4292-4297, 2008
227. Murphy MP and Smith RAJ. Targeting antioxidants to mitochondria by conjugation to lipophilic cations. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 47: 629-656, 2007
228. Murphy MP. Targeting lipophilic cations to mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta 177: 1028-1031, 2008
229. Muscoli C, Cuzzocrea S, Ndengele MM, Mollace V, Porreca F, Fabrizi F, Esposito E, Masini M, Matuschak GM, and Salvemini, D. Therapeutic manipulation of peroxynitrite attenuates the development of opiate-induced anti-nociceptive tolerance. J Clin Invest 117: 1-11; 2007
230. Muscoli C, Cuzzocrea S, Riley DP, Zweier JL, Thie-mermann C, Wang Z-Q, and Salvemini D. On the selectivity of superoxide dismutase mimetics and its importance in pharmacological studies. Br J Pharmacol 140: 445-460, 2003
231. Naidu BV, Farivar AS, Woolley SM, Fraga C, Salzman AL, Szabó C, Groves JT, and Mulligan MS. Enhanced perox-ynitrite decomposition protects against experimental obliterative bronchiolitis. Exp Mol Pathol 75: 12-17, 2003
232. Naidu BV, Fraga C, Salzman AL, Szabó C, Verrier ED, and Mulligan MS. Critical role of reactive nitrogen species in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 22: 784-793, 2003 (Pubitemid 36842931)
233. Ndengele MM, Muscoli C,Wang Q-Z, Doyle TM, Matuschak GM, and Salvemini D. Superoxide potentiates NF-kB activation and modulates endotoxin-induced cytokine production in alveolar macrophages. Shock 23: 186-193, 2005
234. Nepomuceno MF, Tabak M, and Vercesi AE. Opposite effects of Mn(III) and Fe(III) forms of meso-tetrakis(4-N-methyl pyridiniumyl) porphyrins on isolated rat liver mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 34: 41-47, 2002
235. Nilsson J, Bengtsson E, Fredrikson GN, and Bjorkbacka H. Inflammation and immunity in diabetic vascular complications. Curr Opin Lipidol 19: 519-524, 2008
236. Noberis A and Navarro A. Brain mitochondrial dysfunction in aging. IUBMB Life 60: 308-314, 2008
237. Oberley LW, Leuthauser SW, Pasternack RF, Oberley TD, Schutt L, and Sorenson JR. Anticancer activity of metal compounds with superoxide dismutase activity. Agents Actions 15: 535-538, 1984
238. Obrosova IG, Mabley JG, Zsengellér Z, Charniauskaya T, Abatan OI, Groves JT, and Szabó C. Role for nitrosative stress in diabetic neuropathy: evidence from studies with peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. FASEB J 19: 401-403, 2005
239. Ohse T, Nagaoka S, Arakawa Y, Kawakami H, and Na-kamura K. Cell death by reactive oxygen species generated from water-soluble cationic metalloporphyrins as superoxide dismutase mimics. J Inorg Biochem 85: 201-208, 2001
240. Okado-Matsumoto A and Fridovich I. Subcellular distribution of superoxide dismutases (SOD) in rat liver. J Biol Chem 276: 38388-38393, 2001
241. Okado-Matsumoto A, Batinić-Haberle I, and Fridovich I. Complementation of SOD deficient Escherichia coli by manganese porphyrin mimics of superoxide dismutase, Free Radic Biol Med 37: 401-410, 2004
242. Okun Z, Kupershmidt, L, Amit T, Mandel S, Bar-Am O, Youdim MBH, and Gross Z. Manganese corroles prevent intracellular nitration and subsequent death of insulin-producing cells. ACS Chem Biol 4: 910-914, 2009
243. Olcott A, Tocco G, Tian J, Zekzer D, Fukuto J, Ignarro L, and Kaufman DL. A salen-manganese catalytic free radical scavenger inhibits type 1 diabetes and islet allograft rejection. Diabetes 53: 2574-2580, 2004
244. Orell RW. AEOL-10150 Aeolus. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 7: 70-80, 2006
245. Park W and Lim D. Effect of oligo(ethylene glycol) group on the antioxidant activity of manganese salen complexes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19: 614-617, 2009
246. Pasternack RF and Halliwell B. Superoxide dismutase activities of an iron porphyrin and other iron complexes. J Am Chem Soc 101: 1026-1031, 1979
247. Pasternack RF and Skowronek WR Jr. Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by metalloporphyrins. J Inorg Biochem 11: 261-267, 1979
248. Pasternack RF, Banth A, Pasternack JM and Johnson CS. Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by me-talloporphyrins, III. J Inorg Biochem 15: 261-267, 1981
249. Pasternack RF, Gibbs EJ, and Villafranca AC. Interactions of porphyrins with nucleic acids. Biochemistry 22: 2406-2414, 1983
250. Pasternack RF, Gibbs EJ, and Villafranca AC. Interactions of porphyrins with nucleic acids. Biochemistry 22: 5409-5417, 1983
251. Patel M. Metalloporphyrins improve survival of Sod2-deficient neurons. Aging Cell 2: 219-224, 2003
252. Peretz P, Solomon D, Weinraub D, and Faraggi M. Chemical properties of water-soluble porphyrins, 3: the reaction of superoxide radicals with some metalloporphyrins. Int J Radiat Biol 42: 449-456, 1982
253. Pérez MJ and Cederbaum AI. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant effects of a manganese porphyrin complex against CYP2E1-dependent toxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 33:111-127, 2002
254. Piganelli JD, Flores SC, Cruz C, Koepp J, Young R, Bradley B, Kachadourian R, Batinić-Haberle I, and Haskins K. A me-talloporphyrin superoxide dismutase mimetic (SOD mimetic) inhibits autoimune diabetes. Diabetes 51: 347-355, 2002
255. Pollard JM, Rebouças JS, Durazo A, Kos I, Fike F, Panni M, Gralla EB, Valentine JS, Batinić-Haberle, I, and Gatti RA. Radioprotective effects of manganese-containing superox-ide dismutase mimics on ataxia telangiectasia cells. Free Radic Biol Med 47: 250-260, 2009
256. Quick KL, Ali SS, Arch R, Xiong C, Wozniak D, and Dugan LL. A carboxyfullerene SOD mimetic improves cognition and extends the lifespan of mice. Neurobiol Aging 289: 117-128, 2008
257. Rabbani Z, Batinić-Haberle I, Anscher MS, Huang J, Day BJ, Alexander E, Dewhirst MW, and Vujasković Z. Long term administration of a small molecular weight catalytic me-talloporphyrin antioxidant AEOL10150 protects lungs from radiation-induced injury. Int J Radic Oncol Biol Phys 67: 573-580, 2007
258. Rabbani Z, Salahuddin FK, Yarmolenko P, Batinić-Haberle I, Trasher BA, Gauter-Fleckenstein B, Dewhirst MW, An-scher MS, and Vujasković Z. Low molecular weight catalytic metalloporphyrin antioxidant AEOL10150 (5mg=kg) protects rat lungs from fractionated chronic radiation-induced injury. Free Radic Res 41: 1273-1282, 2007
259. 5\+, via suppression of oxidative stress in a mouse model of breast tumor. Free Radic Biol Med 47: 992-1004, 2009
260. Rahman I and Adcock IM. Oxidative stress and redox regulation of lung inflammation in COPD. Eur Respir J 28: 219-242, 2006
261. Rebouças JS, de Carvalho MEMD, Idemori YM. Perhalo-genated 2-pyridylporphyrin complexes: synthesis, self-coordinating aggregation properties, and catalytic studies. J Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 6: 50-57, 2002
262. Rebouças JS, DeFreitas-Silva G, Idemori YM, Spasojević I, Benov L, and Batinić-Haberle I. Impact of electrostatics in redox modulation of oxidative stress by Mn porphyrins: protection of SOD-deficient Escherichia coli via alternative mechanism where Mn porphyrin acts as a Mn carrier. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 201-210, 2008
263. Rebouças JS, Kos I, Vujasković Z, and Batinić- Haberle I. Determination of residual manganese in Mn porphyrin-based superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxynitrite re-ductase mimics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 50: 1088-1091, 2009
264. Rebouças JS, Spasojević I, and Batinić-Haberle I. Pure manganese(III) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphy-rin (MnTBAP) is not a superoxide dismutase mimic in aqueous systems: a case of structure-activity relationship as a watchdog mechanism in experimental therapeutics and biology. J Inorg Biol Chem 13: 289-302, 2008
265. Rebouças JS, Spasojević I, and Batinić-Haberle I. Quality of Mn-porphyrin-based SOD mimics and peroxynitrite scavengers for preclinical mechanistic=therapeutic purposes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 48: 1046-1049, 2008
266. Rebouças JS, Spasojević I, Tjahjono DH, Richaud A, Mén-dez F, Benov L, and Batinić-Haberle I. Redox modulation of oxidative stress by Mn porphyrin-based therapeutics: the effect of charge distribution. Dalton Trans 1233-1242, 2008
267. Reddi AR, Jensen LT, Naranuntarat A, Rosenfeld L, Leung E, Shah R, and Culotta VC. The overlapping roles of manganese and Cu=ZnSOD in oxidative stress protection. Free Radic Biol Med 46: 154-162, 2009
268. Rees MD, Bottle SE, Fairfull-Smith KE, Malle E, Whitelock JM, and Davies MJ. Inhibition of myeloperoxidase-mediated hypochlorous acid production by nitroxides. Biochem J 421: 79-86, 2009
269. Riley DP, Lennon PJ, Neumann WL, and Weiss RH. Toward the rational design of superoxide dismutase mimics: mechanistic studies for the elucidation of substituent effects on the catalytic activity of macrocyclic manganese(II) complexes. J Am Chem Soc 119: 6522-6528, 1997
270. Robak J and Gryglewski RJ. Bioactivity of flavonoids. Pol J Pharmacol 48: 555-564, 1996
271. Roberston L and Hartley R. Synthesis of N-arylpyridinium salts bearing a nitron spin trap as potential mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. Tetrahedron 65: 5284-5292, 2009
272. Rosenthal RA, Huffman KD, Fisette LW, Damphousse CA, Callaway WB, Malfroy B, and Doctrow SR. Orally available Mn porphyrins with superoxide dismutase and catalase activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 14: 979-991, 2009
273. Rubbo H and Radi R. Protein and lipid nitration: role in redox signaling and injury. Biochim Biophys Acta 1780: 1318-1324, 2008
274. Saba H, Batinić-Haberle I, Munusamy S, Mitchell T, Lichti C, Megyesi J, and MacMillan-Crow LA. Manganese porphyrin reduces renal injury and mitochondrial damage during ischemia=reperfusion, Free Radic Biol Med 42: 1571-1578, 2007
275. Saltsman I, Botoshansky M, and Gross Z, Facile synthesis of ortho-pyridyl-substituted corroles and molecular structures of analogous porphyrins. Tetrahedron Lett 49: 4163-4166, 2008
276. Salvemini D, Doyle TM, and Cuzzocrea S. Superoxide, peroxynitrite and oxidative=nitrative stress in inflammation. Biochem Soc Trans 34: 965-970, 2006
277. Salvemini D, Wang Z-Q, Zweier JL, Samouilov A, Ma-carthur H, Misko TOP, Currie MG, Cuzzocrea S, Sikorski JA, and Riley DP. A nonpeptidyl mimic of superoxide dismutase with therapeutic activity in rats. Science 286: 304-306, 1999
278. Samlowski WE, Peterson R, Cuzzocrea S, Macarthur H, Burton D, McGregor JR, and Salvemini D. A nonpeptidyl mimic of superoxide dismutase, M40403, inhibits dose-limiting hypotension associated with interleukin-2 and increases its antitumor effects. Nat Med 9: 750-755, 2009
279. Sanchez RJ, Srinivasan C, Munroe WH, Wallace MA, Martins J, Kao TY, Le K, Gralla EB, and Valentine JS. Exogenous manganous ion at millimolar levels rescues all known dioxygen-sensitive phenotypes of yeast lacking CuZnSOD. J Biol Inorg Chem 10: 913-923, 2005
280. 60), a novel carbon allotrope, and its derivatives. J Pharmacol Sci 100: 513-518, 2006
281. Schubert R, Erker L, Barlow C, Yakushiji H, Larson D, Russo A, Mitchell JB, and Wynshaw-Boris A. Cancer che-moprevention by the antioxidant tempol in Atm-mice. Hum Mol Genet 13: 1793-1802, 2004
282. Sessler JL and Miller RA. Texaphyrins: new drugs with diverse clinical applications in radiation and photodynamic therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 59: 733-739, 2000
283. Sharma SS and Gupta S. Neuroprotective effect of MnTMPyP, a superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetic in global cerebral ischemia is mediated through reduction of oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation. Eur J Pharmacol 561: 72-79, 2007
284. Sharpe MA, Ollosson R, Stewart VC, and Clark JB. Oxidation of nitric oxide by oxomanganese-salen complexes: a new mechanism for cellular protection by superoxide dismutase=catalase mimetics. Biochem J. 366: 97-107, 2002
285. Shen J, Ijaimi NE, Chkounda M, Gros CP, Barbe J-M, Shao J, Guilard R, and Kadish KM. Solvent, anion and structural effects on the redox potentials and UV-visible spectral properties of mononuclear manganese corroles. Inorg Chem 47: 7717-7727, 2008
286. Sheng H, Enghild J, Bowler R, Patel M, Calvi CL, Batinić-Haberle I, Day BJ, Pearlstein RD, Crapo JD, and Warner DS. Effects of metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidants in experimental brain ischemia. Free Radic Biol Med 33: 947-961, 2002
287. Sheng H, Spasojević I, Warner DS, and Batinić-Haberle I. Mouse spinal cord compression injury is ameliorated by intrathecal manganese(III) porphyrin. Neurosci Lett 366: 220-225, 2004
288. Sheng H, Yang W, Fukuda S, Tse HM, Paschen W, Johnson K, Batinić-Haberle I, Crapo JD, Pearlstein RD, Piganelli J, and Warner DS. Long-term neuroprotection from a potent redox-modulating metalloporphyrin in the rat. Free Radic Biol Med 47: 917-923, 2009
289. Shimanovich R, Hannah S, Lynch V, Gerasimchuk N, Mody TD, Magda D, Sessler J, and Groves JT. Mn(II)-texaphyrin as a catalyst for the decomposition of perox-ynitrite. J Am Chem Soc 123: 3613-3614, 2001
290. Shoham A, Hadziahmetovic M, Dunaief JL, Mydlarski MB, and Schipper HM. Oxidative stress in diseases of human cornea. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 1047-1055, 2008
291. Shukla S and Gupta S. Suppression of constitutive and tumor necrosis factor a-induced nuclear factor (NF-kB activation and induction of apoptosis by apigenin in human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells: correlation with down-regulation of NF-kB-responsive genes. Clin Cancer Res 10: 3169-3178, 2004
292. Silva D. Suppression of cancer invasiveness by dietary compounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 8: 677-688, 2008
293. Solomon D, Peretz P, and Faraggi M. Chemical properties of water-soluble porphyrins, 1: the reaction of iron(IIII) tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrin with superoxide radical dioxygen couple. J Phys Chem 86: 1842-1849, 1982
294. Sompol P, Ittarat W, Tangpong J, Chen Y, Doubinskaia I, Batinić-Haberle I, Mohammad Abdul H, Butterfield A, and St Clair DK. Alzheimer's disease: an insight into the mechanisms of oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial injury. Neuroscience 153: 120-130, 2008
295. Soukhova-O'Hara GK. Ortines RV, Gu Y, Nozdrachev AD, Prabhu SD, and Gozal D. Postnatal intermittent hypoxia and developmental programming of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 52: 156-162, 2008
296. Soule BP, Hyodo F, Matsumoto K, Simone NL, Cook JA, Krishna MC, and Mitchell JB. The chemistry and biology of nitroxide compounds. Free Radic Biol Med42: 1632-1650, 2007
297. Soule BP, Hyodo F, Matsumoto, K-I, Simone NL, Cook JA, Krishna MC, and Mitchell JB. Therapeutic and clinical applications of nitroxide compounds. Antioxid Redox Signal 9: 1731-1743, 2007
298. Souza JM, Peluffo G, and Radi R. Protein tyrosine nitration: functional alteration or just a biomarker? Free Radic Biol Med 45: 357-366, 2008
299. Spasojevic I and Batinic-Haberle I. Manganese(III) complexes with porphyrins and related compounds as catalytic scavengers of superoxide. Inorg Chim Acta 317: 230-242, 2001
300. Spasojevic I, Batinic-Haberle I, and Fridovich I. Nitrosyla-tion of manganese(II) tetrakis(N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl)por-phyrin, Nitric Oxide 4: 526-533, 2000
301. 2~ dismutation by superoxide dismutase mimics. J Biol Chem 278: 6831-6837, 2003.
302. Spasojevic I, Batinic-Haberle I, Stevens RD, Hambright P, Thorpe AN, Grodkowski J, Neta P, and Fridovich I. Man-ganese(III) biliverdin IX dimethylester. a powerful catalytic scavenger of superoxide employing the Mn(III)/Mn(IV) redox couple Inorg Chem 40: 726-739, 2001
303. 5+ in plasma and major organs of B6C3F1 mice. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 943-949, 2008
304. Spasojevic I, Colvin OM, Warshany KR, and Batinic-Haberle I. New approach to the activation of anti-cancer pro-drug by metalloporphyrin-based cytochrome P450 mimics in all-aqueous biologically relevant system, J Inorg Biochem 100: 1897-1902, 2006
305. nd World Conference on Magic Bullets (Ehrlich II), Nurnberg, 2008
306. 5+ targets mouse heart mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 42: 1193-1200, 2007
307. Srinivasan V, Doctrow S, Singh VK, and Whitnall MH. Evaluation of EUK-189, a synthetic superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic as radiation countermeasure. Immunophar-macol Immunotoxicol 30: 271-290, 2008
308. Stavrovskaya IG and Kristal BS. The powerhouse takes control of the cell: is the mitochondrial permeability transition a viable therapeutic target against neuronal dysfunction and death? Free Radic Biol Med 38: 687-697, 2005
309. Stefanutti G, Pierro A, Smith VV, Klein NJ, and Eaton S. Peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst FeTMPyP provides partial protection against intestinal ischemia and reperfu-sion injury in infant rats. Pediatr Res 62: 43-48, 2007
310. Stern MK, Jensen MP, Kramer K. Peroxynitrite decomposition catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 118: 8735-8736, 1996
311. Strimpakos AS and Sharma RA. Curcumin: preventive and therapeutic properties in laboratory studies and clinical trials. Antioxid Redox Signal 10: 511-545, 2008
312. Sun H-L, Liu Y-N, Huang Y-T, Pan S-L, Huang D-J, Guh J-H, Lee F-Y, and Kuo S-C. YC-1 inhibits HIF-1 expression in prostate cancer cells: contribution of Akt/NF-kB signaling to HIF-1a accumulation during hypoxia. Oncogene 26: 3941-3951, 2007
313. Szabo C, Mabley JG, Moeller SM, Shimanovich R, Pacher P, Virag L, Soriano
314. 2\+-dependent insults by metalloporphyrin catalytic an-tioxidants. J Neurochem 98: 1234-1342, 2006
315. 2\+-dependent mechanism of neuroprotection by me-talloporphyrin class of superoxide dismutase mimetics. FASEB J 19: 1734-1736, 2005
316. Tawfik HE, Cena J, Schulz R, and Kaufman S. Role of ox-idative stress in multiparity-induced endothelial disfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H1736-H1742, 2008
317. Toyokuni S. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced carcinogenesis: from epidemiology to oxygenomics. IUBMB Life 60: 441-447, 2008
318. Trnka J, Blaikie FH, Logan A, Smith RAJ, and Murphy MP. Antioxidant properties of MitoTEMPOL and its hydroxyl-amine. Free Radic Res 43: 4-12, 2009
319. Trnka J, Blaikie FH, Smith RA, and Murphy MP. A mitochondria-targeted nitroxide is reduced to its hydroxyl-amine by ubiquinol in mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 44: 1406-1419, 2008
320. Trostchansky A, Ferrer-Sueta G, Batthyány C, Botti H, Batinić-Haberle I, Radi R, and Rubbo H. Peroxynitrite flux-mediated LDL oxidation is inhibited by manganese por-phyrins in the presence of uric acid. Free Radic Biol Med 35: 1293-1300, 2003
321. Trova MP, Gauuan PJF, Pechulis AD, Bubb SM, Bocckino SB, Crapo JD, and Day BJ. Superoxide dismutase mimetics, part 2: synthesis and structure-activity relationship of glyoxylate-and glyoxamide-derived metalloporphyrins. Bioorg Med Chem 11: 2695-2707, 2003
322. Tse H, Milton MJ, and Piganelli JD. Mechanistic analysis of the immunomodulatory effects of a catalytic antioxidant on antigen-presenting cells: implication for their use in targeting oxidation=reduction reactions in innate immunity. Free Radic Biol Med 36: 233-247, 2004
323. Ungvari Z, Parrado-Fernandez C, Csiszar A, and de Cabo R. Mechanisms underlying caloric restriction and lifespan regulation: implications for vascular aging. Circ Res 102: 519-528, 2008
324. Van Empel VPM, Bertrand AT, Van Oort RJ, Van der Nagel R, Engelen M, Van Rijen HV, Doevendans PA, Crijns HJ, Ackerman SL, Sluiter W, and De Windt LJ. EUK-8, a su-peroxide dismutase and catalase mimetic, reduces cardiac oxidative stress and ameliorates pressure overload-induced heart failure in the harlequin mouse mutant. J Am Coll Cardiol 48: 824-832, 2006
325. Vance CK and Miller AF. A simple proposal that can explain the inactivity of metal-substituted superoxide dis-mutases. J Am Chem Soc 120: 461-467, 1998
326. Viani GA, Mantya GB, Fonseca EC, De Fendi LI, Afonso SL, and Stefano EJ. Whole brain radiotherapy with radiosensitizer for brain metastases. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 28: 47, 2009
327. Vincet A, Babu S, Heckert E, Dowding J, Hirst SM, In-erbaev TM, Self WT, Reily CM, Masunov AE, Rahman TS, and Seal S. Protonated nanoparticle surface governing ligand tethering and cellular targeting. ACS Nano 3: 1203-1211, 2009
328. Vujasković Z, Batinić-Haberle I, Rabbani ZN, Feng Q-F, Kang SK, Spasojević I, Samulski TV, Fridovich I, Dewhirst MW, and Anscher MS. A small molecular weight catalytic metalloporphyrin antioxidant with superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic properties protects lungs from radiation-induced injury. Free Radic Biol Med 33: 857-863, 2002
329. Wang Z-Q, Porecca F, Cuzzocrea S, Galen K, Lightfoot R, Masini E, Muscoli E, Mollace V, Ndengele M, Ischirpoulos H, and Salvemini D. A newly identified role for superoxide in inflammatory pain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 309: 869-878, 2004
330. Wang JF. Defects of mitochondrial electron transport chain in bipolar disorder: implications for mood-stabilizing treatment. Can J Psychiatry 52: 753-762, 2007
331. Watanabe T, Owada S, Kobayashi HP, Kawakami H, Na-gaoka S, Murakami E, Ishiuchi A, Enomoto T, Jinnouchi Y, Sakurai J, Tobe N, Koizumi S, Shimamura T, Asakura T, Nakano H, and Otsubo T. Protective effects of MnTM2Py4P and Mn-salen against small bowel ischemia=reperfusion injury in rats an in vivo and ex vivo electron paramagnetic resonance technique with a spin probe. Transplant Proc 39: 3002-3006, 2007
332. Weinraub D, Peretz P, and Faraggi M. Chemical properties of water-soluble porphyrins, 1. Equilibria between some ligands and iron(III) tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphyrin. J Phys Chem 86: 1839-1842, 1982
333. Werinraub D, Levy P, and Faraggi M. Chemical properties of water-soluble porphyrins, 5. Reactions of some manganese (III) porphyrins with the superoxide and other reducing radicals. Int J Radiat Biol 50: 649-658, 1986
334. Wilcox CS and Pearlman A. Chemistry and antihyperten-sive effects of tempol and other nitroxides. Pharmacol Rev 60: 418-469; 2009
335. Winterbourn CC. Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive species. Nat Chem Biol 4: 278-286, 2008
336. Winterbourn CC and Hampton MB. Thiol chemistry and specificity in redox signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 45: 549-561, 2008
337. Wise-Faberowski L, Warner DS, Spasojević I, and Batinić-Haberle I. The effect of lipophilicity of Mn (III) ortho N-alkylpyridyl-and diortho N, N'-imidazolylporphyrins in two in-vitro models of oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death. Free Radic Res 43: 329-339, 2009
338. Wolak M and van Eldik R. Mechanistic studies on peroxide activation by a water-soluble iron(III)-porphyrin: implications for O-O bond activation in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. Chem Eur J 13: 4873-4883, 2007, and references therein
339. Wolf G, Hannken T, Schroedr R, Zahner G, Ziyadeh FN, and Stahl RAK. Antioxidant treatment induces transcription and expression of transforming growth factor b in cultured renal proximal tubular cells. FEBS Lett 488: 154-159, 2001
340. Wu AS, Kiaei M, and Aguirre N, Crow JP, Calingasan NY, Browne SE, and Beal MF. Iron porphyrin treatment extends survival in transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurochem 85: 142-150, 2003
341. Wu T-J, Khoo NH, Zhou F, Day BJ, and Parks DA. Decreased hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by manganese-porphyrin complexes. Free Radic Res 41: 127-134, 2007
342. 2\+ through uncoupling proteins. Antioxid Redox Signal 11: 1805-1818, 2009
343. Xu Y, Liu B, Zweier JL, and He G. Formation of hydrogen peroxide and reduction of peroxynitrite via dismutation of superoxide at reperfusion enhances myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption in postischemic mouse heart. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 327: 402-410, 2008
344. Yadava N and Nicholls DG. Spare respiratory capacity rather than oxidative stress regulates glutamate excitotoxicity after partial respiratory inhibition of mitochondrial complex I with rotenone. J Neurosci 27: 7310-7317, 2007
345. Yan H, Parsons DW, Jin G, McLendon R, Rasheed BA, Yuan W, Kos I, Batinić-Haberle I, Jones S, Riggins GJ, Friedman H, Friedman A, Reardon D, Herndon J, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE, Vogelstein B, and Bigner DD. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in gliomas. N Engl J Med 360: 765-773, 2009
346. Ye X, Fels D, Dedeugd C, Dewhirst MW, Leong K, and Batinic-Haberle I. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of Mn(III) alkylpyridylporphyrin=ascorbate system on four tumor cell lines, Free Radic Biol Med 47: S136, 2009
347. Yin J-J, Lao F, Fu PP, Wamer WG, Zhao Y, Wang PC, Qiu Y, Sun B, Xing G, Dong J, Liang X-J, and Chen C. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species and potential for the cell protection by functionalized fullerene materials. Bio-materials 3: 611-621, 2009
348. Yu L, Ji X, Derrick M, Drobyshevsky A, Liu T, Batinic-Haberle I, and Tan S. Testing new porphyrins in in vivo model system: effect of Mn porphyrins in animal model of cerebral palsy (abstract). Sixth International Conference on Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines. New Mexico, 2010
349. Yudoh K, Shishido K, Murayama H, Yano M, Matsubaya-shi K, Takada H, Nakamura H, Masuko K, Kato T, and Nishioka K. Water-soluble C60 fullerene prevents degradation of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis via down-regulation of chondrocyte catabolic activity and inhibition of cartilage degeneration during disease development. Arthritis Rheum 56: 3307-3318, 2007
350. Zhao Y, Chaiswing L, Oberley TD, Batinić-Haberle I, St Clair W, Epstein CJ, and St Clair D. A mechanism-based antioxidant approach for the reduction of skin carcino-genesis, Cancer Res 65: 1401-1405, 2005.