Stat5a and Stat5b: Fraternal twins of signal transduction and transcriptional activation

Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 131-157

  Grimley, Philip M ^a   Dong, Fan ^b   Rui, Hallgeir ^a  

^a Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences   (United States)

^b LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Janus kinases (Jak); Signal transduction; Stat5a; Stat5b; Transcription factors

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR; DNA; DNA BINDING PROTEIN; GROWTH HORMONE; ISOPROTEIN; MAMMARY GLAND-SPECIFIC NUCLEAR FACTOR; SERINE; STAT5 PROTEIN; STAT5B PROTEIN; TRANSACTIVATOR PROTEIN;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; APOPTOSIS; BINDING AFFINITY; BODY MASS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; DNA BINDING; DNA TRANSCRIPTION; GENE CONTROL; GENE DISRUPTION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HEMATOPOIESIS; HUMAN; IMMUNOREGULATION; LIPID METABOLISM; LIVER FUNCTION; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PHOSPHORYLATION; REPRODUCTION; REVIEW; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSACTIVATION;

EID: 0032831735     PISSN: 13596101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6101(99)00011-8     Document Type: Short Survey

References (280)

1. Leaman D.W., Leung S., Li X., Stark G.R. Regulation of STAT-dependent pathways by growth factors and cytokines. FASEB J. 10:1996;1578-1588.
2. O'Shea J.J., Notarangelo L.D., Johnston J.A., Candotti F. Advances in the understanding of cytokine signal transduction: the role of Jaks and STATs in immunoregulation and the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency. J. Clin. Immunol. 17:1997;431-447.
3. Leonard W.J., O'Shea J.J. Jaks and STATs: biological implications. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 16:1998;293-322.
4. Ihle J.N. STATs: Signal transducers and activators of transcription. Cell. 84:1996;331-334.
5. Darnell J.E. Jr. STATs and gene regulation. Science. 277:1997;1630-1635.
6. Liu KD, Gaffen SL, Goldsmith MA. Jak/Stat signaling by cytokine receptors. Curr Opin Immunol, Review Article, 10, 271-8, 1998.
7. Zuker C.S., Ranganathan R. The path to specificity. Science. 283:1999;650-651.
8. Lin J.X., Migone T.S., Tsang M., Friedmann M., Weatherbee J.A., Zhou L., Yamauchi A., Bloom E.T., Mietz J., John S., Leonard W.J. The role of shared receptor motifs and common Stat proteins in the generation of cytokine pleiotropy and redundancy by IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-13, and IL-15. Immunity. 2:1995;331-339.
9. DaSilva L., Rui H., Erwin R.A., Zack Howard O.M., Kirken R.A., Malabarba M.G., Hackett R.H., Larner A.C., Farrar W.L. Prolactin recruits STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5 independent of conserved receptor tyrosines TYR402, TYR479, TYR515 and TYR580. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 117:1996;131-140.
10. Demoulin J-B., Uyttenhove C., Van Roost E., de Lestre B., Donckers D., van Snick E., Renauld J-C. A single tyrosine of the interleukin-9 (IL-9) receptor is required for STAT activation, antiapoptotic activity, and growth regulation by IL-9. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;4710-4716.
11. Han Y., Leaman D.W., Watling D., Rogers N.C., Groner B., Kerr I.M., Wood W.I., Stark G.R. Participation of JAK and STAT proteins in growth hormone-induced signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;5947-5952.
12. Ahn H.J., Tomura M., Yu W.G., Iwasaki M., Park W.R., Hamaoka T., Fujiwara H. Requirement for distinct Janus kinases and STAT proteins in T cell proliferation versus IFN-gamma production following IL-12 stimulation. J. Immunol. 161:1998;5893-5900.
13. Tian S.S., Tapley P., Sincich C., Stein R.B., Rosen J., Lamb P. Multiple signaling pathways induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor involving activation of JAKs, STAT5, and/or STAT3 are required for regulation of three distinct classes of immediate early genes. Blood. 88:1996;4435-4444.
14. Wehinger J., Gouilleux F., Groner B., Finke J., et al. IL-10 induces DNA binding activity of three STAT proteins (Stat1, Stat3, and Stat5) and their distinct combinatorial assembly in the promoters of selected genes. FEBS Lett. 394:1996;365-370.
15. Kirito K., Uchida M., Yamada M., Miura Y., Komatsu N. A distinct function of STAT proteins in erythropoietin signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;16,507-16,513.
16. Kuropatwinski K.K., De Imus C., Gearing D., Baumann H., Mosley B. Influence of subunit combinations on signaling by receptors for oncostatin M, leukemia inhibitory factor, and interleukin-6. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;15,135-15,144.
17. Welte T., Koch F., Schuler G., Lechner J., Doppler W., Heufler C. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces a unique set of STAT factors in murine dendritic cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 27:1997;2737-2740.
18. Grimley P.M., Fang H., Rui H., Petricoin E.F. III, Ray S., Dong F., Fields K.H., Hu R., Zoon K.C., Audet S., Beeler J. Prolonged STAT1 activation related to the growth arrest of malignant lymphoma cells by interferon-alpha. Blood. 91:1998;3017-3027.
19. Yu C.R., Young H.A., Ortaldo J.R. Characterization of cytokine differential induction of STAT complexes in primary human T and NK cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 64:1998;245-258.
20. Das R., Vonderhaar B.K. Involvement of SHC, GRB2, SOS and RAS in prolactin signal transduction in mammary epithelial cells. Oncogene. 13:1996;1139-1145.
21. Stancato L.F., Sakatsume M., David M., Dent P., Dong F., Petricoin E.F., Krolewski J.J., Silvennoinen O., Saharinen P., Pierce J., Marshall C.J., Sturgill T., Finbloom D.S., Larner A.C. Beta interferon and oncostatin M activate Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase through a JAK1-dependent pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;33-40.
22. Storz P., Doppler H., Wernig A., Pfizenmaier K., Muller G. TNF inhibits insulin induced STAT5 activation in differentiated mouse muscle cells pmi28. FEBS Lett. 440:1998;41-55.
23. Chida D., Wakao H., Yoshimura A., Miyajima A. Transcriptional regulation of the beta-casein gene by cytokines: cross-talk between STAT5 and other signaling molecules. Mol. Endocrinol. 11:1998;1792-1806.
24. Okajima Y., Matsumura I., Nishiura T., Hashimoto K., Yoshida H., Ishikawa J., Wakao H., Yoshimura A., Kanakura Y., Tomiyama Y., Matsuzawa Y. Insulin-like growth factor-I augments erythropoietin-induced proliferation through enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;22,877-22,883.
25. Horvai A.E., Xu L., Korzus E., Brard G., et al. Nuclear integration of JAK/STAT and Ras/AP-1 signaling by CBP and p300. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;1074-1079.
26. Luo G., Yu-Lee L-Y. Transcriptional inhibition by Stat5. Differential activities at growth-related versus differentiation-specific promoters. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;26,841-26,849.
27. Meyer W.K-H., Reichenbach P., Schindler U., Soldaini E., Nabholz M. Interaction of STAT5 dimers on two low affinity binding sites mediates interleukin 2 (IL-2) stimulation of IL-2 receptor alpha gene transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;31,821-31,828.
28. Verdier F., Rabionet R., Gouilleux F., Beisenherz-Huss C., Varlet P., Muller O., Mayeux P., Lacombe C., Gisselbrecht S., Chretien S. A Sequence of the CIS Gene Promoter Interacts Preferentially with Two Associated STAT5A Dimers: a Distinct Biochemical Difference between STAT5A and STAT5B. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:1998;5852-5860.
29. Rayanade R.J., Patel K., Ndubuisi M., Sharma S., et al. Proteasome- and p53-dependent masking of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) factors. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;4659-4662.
30. Herrington J., Rui L., Luo G., Yu-Lee L-Y., Carter-Su C. A functional DNA binding domain is required for growth hormone-induced nuclear accumulation of Stat5B. J. Biol. Chem. 274:1999;5138-5145.
31. Verdier F., Chretien S., Muller O., Varlet P., Yoshimura A., Gisselbrecht S., Lacombe C., Mayeux P. Proteasomes regulate erythropoietin receptor and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) activation. Possible involvement of the ubiquitinated Cis protein. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;28,185-28,190.
32. Fish E.N., Uddin S., Korkmaz M., Majchrzak B., Druker B.J., Platanias L.C. Activation of a CrkL-stat5 signaling complex by type I interferons. J. Biol. Chem. 274:1999;571-573.
33. Eilers A., Decker T. Activity of Stat family transcription factors is developmentally controlled in cells of the macrophage lineage. Immunobiology. 193:1995;328-333.
34. Pericle F., Kirken R.A., Bronte V., Sconocchia G., DaSilva L., Segal D.M. Immunocompromised tumor-bearing mice show a selective loss of STAT5a/b expression in T and B lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 159:1997;2580-2585.
35. DiSanto J.P. Cytokines: shared receptors, distinct functions. Current Biology. 7:1997;424-426.
36. Boucheron C., Dumon S., Constantino S., Santos R., Morigg R., Henninghausen L., Gisselbrecht S., Gouilleux F. A Single Amino Acid in the DNA Binding Regions of STAT5A and STAT5B Confers Distinct DNA Binding Specificities. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;33,936-33,941.
37. Udy G.B., Towers R.P., Snell R.G., Wilkins R.J., Park S.H., Ram P.A., Waxman D.J., Davey H.W. Requirement of STAT5b for sexual dimorphism of body growth rates and liver gene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;7239-7244.
38. Teglund S., McKay C., Schuetz E., van Deursen J.M., Stravopodis D., Wang D., Brown M., Bodner S., Grosveld G., Ihle J.N. Stat5a and Stat5b proteins have essential and nonessential, or redundant, roles in cytokine responses. Cell. 93:1998;841-850.
39. Liu X., Robinson G.W., Gouilleux F., Groner B., Hennighausen L. Cloning and expression of Stat5 and an additional homologue (Stat5b) involved in prolactin signal transduction in mouse mammary tissue. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1995;8831-8835.
40. Kirken R.A., Malabarba M.G., Xu J., Liu X., Farrar W.L., Henninghausen L., Larner A.C., Grimley P.M., Rui H. Prolactin stimulates serine/tyrosine phosphorylation and complex formation of multiple Stat5 variants in Nb2 lymphocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;14,098-14,103.
41. 730 of Stat5b in prolactin-sensitive Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;30,218-30,224.
42. Callus B.A., Mathey-Prevot B. Interleukin-3-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is prolonged by proteasome inhibitors. Blood. 91:1998;3182-3192.
43. Dong F., Liu X., deKoning J.P., Touw I.P., Henninghausen L., Larner A., Grimley P.M. Stimulation of Stat5 by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is modulated by two distinct cytoplasmic regions of the G-CSF receptor. J. Immunol. 161:1998;6503-6509.
44. Moriggl R., Gouilleux-Gruart V., Jahne R., Berchtold S., Gartman C., Liu X.W., Hennighausen L., Sotiropoulos A., Groner B., Gouilleux F. Deletion of the carboxyl-terminal transactivation domain of MGF-Stat5 results in sustained DNA binding and a dominant negative phenotype. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;5691-5700.
45. Mui A.L-F., Wakao H., Kinoshita T., Kitamura T., Miyajima A. Suppression of interleukin-3-induced gene expression by a C-terminal truncated Stat5: role of Stat5 in proliferation. EMBO J. 15:1996;2425-2433.
46. Ghilardi N., Ziegler S., Wiestner A., Stoffel R., Heim M.H., Skoda R.C. Defective STAT signaling by the leptin receptor in diabetic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:1996;6231-6235.
47. Darnell J.E. Jr. Reflections on Stat3, Stat5 and Stat6 as fat Stats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1996;6221-6224.
48. White D.W., Tartaglia L.A. Leptin and OB-R: body weight regulation by a cytokine receptor. Cytokine and Growth Factors Reviews. 7:1996;303-309.
49. Lacronique V., Boureux A., Valle V.D., Poirel H., Quang C.T., Mauchauffe M., Berthou C., Lessard M., Berger R., Ghysdael J., Bernard O. A TEL-JAK2 fusion protein with constitutive kinase activity in human leukemia. Science. 278:1997;1309-1312.
50. Chai S.K., Nichols G.L., Rothman P. Constitutive activation of JAKs and STATs in BCR-Abl-expressing cell lines and peripheral blood cells derived from leukemic patients. J. Immunol. 159:1997;4720-4728.
51. Yu C.L., Jove R., Burakoff S.J. Constitutive activation of the Janus kinase-STAT pathway in T lymphoma overexpressing the Lck protein tyrosine kinase. J. Immunol. 159:1997;5206-5210.
52. Schaber J.D., Fang H., Xu J., Grimley P.M., Rui H. Prolactin activates Stat1 but does not antagonize Stat1 activation and growth inhibition by type I interferons in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 58:1998;1914-1919.
53. Darnell J.E. Jr, Kerr I.M., Stark G.R. Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins. Science. 264:1994;1415-1421.
54. Ihle J.N., Kerr I.M. Jaks and Stats in signaling by the cytokine receptor superfamily. Trends Genet. 11:1995;69-74.
55. Darnell J.E. Jr. Phosphotyrosine signaling and the single cell: metazoan boundary. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;11,767-11,769.
56. Hou X.S., Perrimon N. The JAK-STAT pathway in Drosophila. Trends Genet. 13:1997;105-110.
57. Ihle J.N., Nosaka T., Thierfelder W., Quelle F.W., Shimoda K. Jaks and Stats in cytokine signaling. Stem Cells. 15:(Suppl 1):1997;105-111.
58. Lin J-X., Leonard W.J. Signaling from the IL-2 receptor to the nucleus. Cytokine and Growth Factors Reviews. 8:1997;313-332.
59. Becker S., Groner B., Miller C.W. Three-dimensional structure of the Stat3β homodimer bound to DNA. Nature. 394:1998;145-151.
60. Chen X., Vinkemeier U., Zhao Y., Jeruzalmi D., Darnell J.E. Jr, Kuriyan J. Crystal Structure of a Tyrosine Phosphorylated STAT-1 Dimer Bound to DNA. Cell. 93:1998;827-839.
61. Barillas-Mury C., Han Y.S., Seeley D., Kafatos F.C. Anopheles gambiae Ag-STAT, a new insect member of the STAT family, is activated in response to bacterial infection. EMBO. 18:1999;959-967.
62. Heim M.H., Kerr I.M., Stark G.R., Darnell J.E. Jr. Contribution of STAT SH2 groups to specific interferon signaling by the Jak-STAT pathway. Science. 267:1995;1347-1349.
63. Sasse J., Hemmann U., Schwartz C., Schniertshauer U., et al. Mutational analysis of acute-phase response factor/Stat3 activation and dimerization. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;4677-4686.
64. Quelle F.W., Wang D., Nosaka T., Thierfelder W.E., Stravopodis D., Weinstein Y., Ihle J.N. Erythropoietin induces activation of Stat5 through association with specific tyrosines on the receptor that are not required for a mitogenic response. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;1622-1631.
65. Kawata T., Shevchenko A., Fukuzawa M., Jermyn K.A., Totty N.F., Zhukovskaya N.V., Sterling A.E., Mann M., Williams J.G. SH2 signaling in a lower eukaryote: a STAT protein that regulates stalk cell differentiation in Dictyostelium. Cell. 89:1997;909-916.
66. Ripperger J.A., Fritz S., Richter K., Hocke G.M., Lottspeich F., Fey G.H. Transcription factors Stat3 and Stat5b are present in rat liver nuclei late in an acute phase response and bind interleukin-6 response elements. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;29,998-30,006.
67. Azam M., Erdjument-Bromage H., Kreider B.L., Xia M., Quelle F., Basu R., Saris C., Tempst P., Ihle J.N., Schindler C. Interleukin-3 signals through multiple isoforms of Stat5. EMBO J. 14:1995;1402-1411.
68. Lin J.X., Mietz J., Modi W.S., John S., Leonard W.J. Cloning of human Stat5B. Reconstitution of interleukin-2-induced Stat5A and Stat5B DNA binding activity in COS-7 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;10,738-10,744.
69. Copeland N.G., Gilbert D.J., Schindler C., Zhong Z., Wen Z., Darnell J.E. Jr, Mui A.L-F., Miyajima A., Quelle F.W., Ihle J.N., et al. Distribution of the mammalian Stat gene family in mouse chromosomes. Genomics. 29:1995;225-228.
70. Yamamoto K., Kobayashi H., Arai A., Miura O., et al. cDNA cloning, expression and chromosome mapping of the human STAT4 gene: both STAT4 and STAT1 genes are mapped to 2q32.2→q32.3. Cytogenet Cell. Genet. 77:1997;207-210.
71. Svaren J., Apel E.D., Simburger K.S., Jenkins N.A., et al. The Nab2 and Stat6 genes share a common transcription termination region. Genomics. 41:1997;33-39.
72. Gouilleux F., Wakao H., Mundt M., Groner B. Prolactin induces phosphorylation of Tyr694 of Stat5 (MGF), a prerequisite for DNA binding and induction of transcription. EMBO J. 13:1994;4361-4369.
73. Hou J., Schindler U., Henzel W.J., Wong S.C., McKnight S.L. Identification and purification of human Stat proteins activated in response to interleukin-2. Immunity. 2:1995;321-329.
74. Penta K., Sawyer S.T. Erythropoietin induces the tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and DNA binding of STAT1 and STAT5 in erythroid cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;31,282-31,287.
75. Pallard C., Gouilleux F., Benit L., Cocault L., Souyri M., Levy D., Groner B., Gisselbrecht S., Dusanter-Fourt I. Thrombopoietin activates a STAT5-like factor in hematopoietic cells. EMBO J. 14:1995;2847-2856.
76. Mui A.L-F., Wakao H., Harada N., O'Farrell A.M., Miyajima A. Interleukin-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-5 transduce signals through two forms of STAT5. J. Leukoc. Biol. 57:1995;799-803.
77. Cosman D. The hematopoietin receptor superfamily. Cytokine. 2:1993;95-106.
78. Pellegrini S., Dusanter-Fourt I. The structure, regulation and function of the Janus kinases (JAKs) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Eur. J. Biochem. 248:1997;615-633.
79. Chen J., Sadowski H.B., Kohanski R.A., Wang L.H. Stat5 is a physiological substrate of the insulin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;2295-2300.
80. David M., Wong L., Flavell R., Thompson S.A., Wells A., Larner A.C., Johnson G.R. STAT activation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and amphiregulin. Requirement for the EGF receptor kinase but not for tyrosine phosphorylation sites or JAK1. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;9185-9188.
81. Valgeirsdottir S., Paukku K., Silvennoinen O., Heldin C.H., Claesson-Welsh L. Activation of Stat5 by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is dependent on phosphorylation sites in PDGF beta-receptor juxtamembrane and kinase insert domains. Oncogene. 16:1998;505-515.
82. Welte T., Leitenberg D., Dittel B.N., al-Ramadi B.K., Xie B., Chin Y.E., Janeway C.A. Jr, Bothwell A.L.M., Bottomly K., Fu X.Y. STAT5 interaction with the T cell receptor complex and stimulation of T cell proliferation. Science. 283:1999;222-225.
83. Wellbrock C., Geissinger E., Gomez A, Fischer P., Friedrich K., Schartl M. Signalling by the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase Xmrk leads to activation of STAT5 in Xiphophorus melanoma. Oncogene. 16:1998;3047-3056.
84. Mowen K., David M. Role of the STAT1-SH2 domain and STAT2 in the activation and nuclear translocation of STAT1. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;30,073-30,076.
85. Barahmand-Pour F., Meinke A., Groner B., Decker T. Jak2-Stat5 interactions analyzed in yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;12,567-12,575.
86. Stahl N., Farruggella T.J., Boulton T.G., Zhong Z., Darnell J.E. Jr, Yancopoulos G.D. Choice of STATs and other substrates specified by modular tyrosine-based motifs in cytokine receptors. Science. 267:1995;1349.
87. Gadina M., Stancato L.M., Bacon C.M., Larner A.C., O'Shea J.J. Involvement of SHP-2 in multiple aspects of IL-2 signaling: evidence for a positive regulatory role. J. Immunol. 160:1998;4657-4661.
88. Chaturvedi P., Sharma S., Reddy E.P. Abrogation of interleukin-3 dependence of myeloid cells by the v-src oncogene requires SH2 and SH3 domains which specify activation of STATs. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;3295-3304.
89. Rosenthal L.A., Winestock K.D., Finbloom D.S. IL-2 and IL-7 induce heterodimerization of STAT5 isoforms in human peripheral blood T lymphoblasts. Cell. Immunol. 181:1997;172-181.
90. Smit L.S., Vanderkuur J.A., Stimage A., Han Y., Luo G., Yu-Lee L.Y., Schwartz J., Carter-Su C. Growth hormone-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and deoxyribonucleic acid binding activity of Stat5A and Stat5B. Endocrinology. 138:1997;3426-3434.
91. Lischke A., Morrigl R., Brandlein S., Berchtold S., Kammer W., Sebald W., Groner B., Liu X., Henninghausen L., Friedrich K. The interleukin-4 receptor activates STAT5 by a mechanism that relies upon common gamma-chain. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;31,222-31,229.
92. Ooi G.T., Hurst K.R., Poy M.N., Rechler M.M., Boisclair Y.R. Binding of STAT5a and STAT5b to a single element resembling a gamma-interferon-activated sequence mediates the growth hormone induction of the mouse acid-labile subunit promoter in liver cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 12:1998;675-687.
93. Imada K., Bloom E.T., Nakajima H., Horvath-Arcidiacono J.A., Udy J.B., Davery H.W., Leonard W.J. Stat5b is essential for natural killer cell-mediated proliferation and cytolytic activity. J. Exp. Med. 188:1998;2067-2074.
94. Moriggl R., Topham D.J., Teglund S., Sexl V., McKay C., Wang D., Hoffmeyer A., van Deursen J., Sangster M.Y., Bunting K.D., Grosveld G.C., Ihle J.N. Stat5 is required for IL-2-induced cell cycle progression of peripheral T cells. Immunity. 10:1999;249-259.
95. Liu X., Robinson G.W., Wagner K.U., Garrett L., Wynshaw-Boris A., Hennighausen L. Stat5a is mandatory for adult mammary gland development and lactogenesis. Genes. Dev. 11:1997;179-186.
96. Nakajima H., Liu X.W., Wynshaw-Boris A., Rosenthal L.A., et al. An indirect effect of Stat5a in IL-2-induced proliferation: a critical role for Stat5a in IL-2-mediated IL-2 receptor alpha chain induction. Immunity. 7:1997;691-701.
97. Feldman G.M., Rosenthal L.A., Liu X., Hayes M.P., et al. STAT5A-deficient mice demonstrate a defect in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced proliferation and gene expression. Blood. 90:1997;1768-1776.
98. Liu X., Robinson G.W., Hennighausen L. Activation of Stat5a and Stat5b by tyrosine phosphorylation is tightly linked to mammary gland differentiation. Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1996;1496-1506.
99. Caldenhoven E., van Dijk T.B., Tijmensen A., Raaijmakers J.A., Lammers J.W., Koenderman L., de Groot R.P. Differential activation of functionally distinct STAT5 proteins by IL-5 and GM-CSF during eosinophil and neutrophil differentiation from human CD34+hematopoietic stem cells. Stem Cells. 16:1998;397-403.
100. Lokuta M.A., McDowell M.A., Paulnock D.M. Identification of an additional isoform of STAT5 expressed in immature macrophages. J. Immunol. 161:1998;1594-1597.
101. Meinke A., Barahmand-Pour F., Wohrl S., Stoiber D., Decker T. Activation of different Stat5 isoforms contributes to cell-type-restricted signaling in response to interferons. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;6937-6944.
102. Rosen R.L., Winestock K.D., Chen G., Liu X., et al. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor preferentially activates the 94-kD STAT5A and an 80-kD STAT5A isoform in human peripheral blood monocytes. Blood. 88:1996;1206-1214.
103. Al-Shami A., Mahanna W., Naccache P.H. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-activated signaling pathways in human neutrophils. Selective activation of Jak2, Stat3, and Stat5b. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;1058-1063.
104. Piekorz R.P., Rinke R., Gouilleux F., Neumann B., et al. Modulation of the activation status of Stat5a during LIF-induced differentiation of M1 myeloid leukemia cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1402:1998;313-323.
105. Hoefsloot L.H., van Amelsvoort M.P., Broeders L.C., van der Plas D.C., et al. Erythropoietin-induced activation of STAT5 is impaired in the myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood. 89:1997;1690-1700.
106. Cella N., Groner B., Hynes N.E. Characterization of Stat5a and Stat5b homodimers and heterodimers and their association with the glucocorticoid receptor in mammary cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:1998;1783-1792.
107. Stoecklin E., Wissler M., Moriggl R., Groner B. Specific DNA binding of Stat5, but not of glucocorticoid receptor, is required for their functional cooperation in the regulation of gene transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;6708-6716.
108. Ozaki K., Oda A., Wakao H., Rhodes J., Druker B.J., Ishida A., Wakui M., Okamoto S., Morita K., Handa M., Komatsu N., Ohashi H., Miyajima A., Ikeda Y. Thrombopoietin induces association of crkl with STAT5 but not STAT3 in human platelets. Blood. 92:1998;4652-4662.
109. Ota J., Kimura F., Sato K., Wakimoto N., Nakamura Y., Nagata N., Suzu S., Yamada M., Shimamura S., Motoyoshi K. Association of CrkL with STAT5 in hematopoietic cells stimulated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or erythropoietin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 252:1998;779-786.
110. Johnston J.A., Bacon C.M., Finbloom D.S., Rees R.C., et al. Tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT5, STAT3, and Janus kinases by interleukins 2 and 15. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1995;8705-8709.
111. van der Plas D.C., Smiers F., Pouwels K., Hoefsloot L.H., et al. Interleukin-7 signaling in human B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and murine BAF3 cells involves activation of STAT1 and STAT5 mediated via the interleukin-7 receptor alpha chain. Leukemia. 10:1996;1317-1325.
112. Fujitani E., Nakajima Y., Kojima K., Nakae H., Takeda K., Hirano T. Transcriptional activation of the IL-6 response element in the junB promoter is mediated by multiple Stat family proteins. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 202:1994;1181-1187.
113. Yoshimura A., Ichihara M., Kinjyo I., Moriyama M., et al. Mouse oncostatin M: an immediate early gene induced by multiple cytokines through the JAK-STAT5 pathway. EMBO J. 15:1996;1055-1063.
114. Ram P.A., Waxman D.J. Interaction of growth hormone-activated STATs with SH2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 and nuclear JAK2 tyrosine kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;17,694-17,702.
115. Ponzetto C. Physiologic function of receptor-SH2 interactions 1998. Curr. Top Microbiol. Immunol. 228:1998;165-177.
116. Zhang X., Blenis J., Heng-Chun L., Schindler C., Chen-Kiang S. Requirement of serine phosphorylation for formation of STAT-Promoter complexes. Science. 267:1995;1990.
117. Wen Z., Zhong Z., Darnell J.E. Jr. Maximal activation of transcription by Stat1 and Stat3 requires both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. Cell. 82:1995;241.
118. Sengupta T.K., Talbot E.S., Scherle P.A., Ivashkiv L.B. Rapid inhibition of interleukin-6 signaling and Stat3 activation mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 95:1998;11,107-11,112.
119. Zhu X., Wen Z., Xu L.Z., Darnell J.E. Jr. Stat1 serine phosphorylation occurs independently of tyrosine phosphorylation and requires an activated Jak2 kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;6618-6623.
120. Sakatsume M., Stancato L.F., David M., Silvennoinen O., Saharinen P., Pierce J., Larner A.C., Finbloom D.S. Interferon gamma activation of Raf-1 is Jak1-dependent and p21ras-independent. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;3021-3026.
121. Schiemann W.P., Bartoe J.L., Nathanson N.M. Box 3-independent signaling mechanisms are involved in leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha- and gp130-mediated stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. Evidence for participation of multiple signaling pathways which converge at Ras. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;16,631-16,636.
122. Joneja B., Wojchowski D.M. Mitogenic signaling and inhibition of apoptosis via the erythropoietin receptor Box-1 domain. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;11,176-11,184.
123. Moutoussamy S., Renaudie F., Lago F., Kelly P.A., Finidori J. Grb10 identified as a potential regulator of growth hormone (GH) signaling by cloning of GH receptor target proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;15,906-15,912.
124. Beadling C., Ng J., Babbage J.W., Cantrell D.A. Interleukin-2 activation of STAT5 requires the convergent action of tyrosine kinases and a serine/threonine kinase pathway distinct from the Raf1/ERK2 MAP kinase pathway. EMBO J. 15:1996;1902-1913.
125. Chang W.P., Ye Y., Clevenger C.V. Stoichiometric structure-function analysis of the prolactin receptor signaling domain by receptor chimeras. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:1998;896-905.
126. Kirken R.A., Malabarba M.G., Xu J., DaSilva L., Erwin R.A., Liu X., Hennighausen L., Rui H., Farrar W.L. Two discrete regions of interleukin-2 (IL2) receptor beta independently mediate IL2 activation of a PD98059/rapaycin/wortmannin-insensitive Stat5a/b serine kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;15,459-15,465.
127. Pfeffer L.M., Mullersman J.E., Pfeffer S.R., Murti A., Shi W., Yang C.H. STAT3 as an adapter to couple phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to the IFNAR1 chain of the type I interferon receptor. Science. 276:1997;1418-1420.
128. Takahashi-Tezuka M., Hibi M., Fujitani Y., Fukada T., Yamaguchi T., Hirano T. Tec tyrosine kinase links the cytokine receptors to PI-3 kinase probably through JAK. Oncogene. 14:1997;2273-2282.
129. Gebert C.A., Park S.H., Waxman D.J. Regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5b activation by the temporal pattern of growth hormone stimulation. Mol. Endocrinol. 11:1997;400-414.
130. Lee C.K., Bluyssen H.A.R., Levy D.E. Regulation of interferon-α responsiveness by the duration of Janus kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;21,872-21,877.
131. Jiao H., Berrada K., Yang W., Tabrizi M., Platanias L.C., Yi T. Direct association with and dephosphorylation of Jak2 kinase by the SH2-domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;6985-6992.
132. Berchtold S., Volarevic S., Moriggl R., Mercep M., Groner B. Dominant negative variants of the SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase inhibit prolactin activation of Jak2 (janus kinase 2) and induction of Stat5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5)-dependent transcription. Mol. Endocrinol. 12:1998;556-567.
133. Hackett R.H., Wang Y.D., Sweitzer S., Feldman G., et al. Mapping of a cytoplasmic domain of the human growth hormone receptor that regulates rates of inactivation of Jak2 and Stat proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;11,128-11,132.
134. David M., Grimley P., Finbloom D.S., Larner A.C. A nuclear tyrosine phosphatase downregulates interferon-induced gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:1993;7515-7521.
135. Kim T.K., Maniatis T. Regulation of interferon-γ-activated STAT1 by t'34he ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Science. 273:1996;1717-1719.
136. Kazansky A.V., Raught B., Lindsey S.M., Wang Y.F., Rosen J.M. Regulation of mammary gland factor/Stat5a during mammary gland development. Mol. Endocrinol. 9:1995;1598-1609.
137. Wang D., Stravopodis D., Teglund S., Kitazawa J., Ihle J.N. Naturally occurring dominant negative variants of Stat5. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;6141-6148.
138. Matsumoto A., Masuhara M., Mitsui K., Yokouchi M., Ohtsubo M., Misawa H., Miyajima A., Yoshimura A. CIS, a cytokine inducible SH2 protein, is a target of the JAK-STAT5 pathway and modulates STAT5 activation. Blood. 89:1997;3148-3154.
139. Yoshimura A. The CIS/JAB family: novel negative regulators of JAK signaling pathways. Leukemia. 12:1998;1851-1857.
140. Bazan J.F. Structural design and molecular evolution of a cytokine receptor superfamily. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 18:1990;6934-6938.
141. Davies D.R., Wlodawer A. Cytokines and their receptor complexes. FASEB J. 9:1995;50-56.
142. Heinrich P.C., Behrmann I., Muller-Newen G., Schaper F., Graeve L. Interleukin-6-type cytokine signalling through the gp130/Jak/STAT pathway. Biochem. J. 334:1998;297-314.
143. Pestka S., Kotenko S.V., Muthukumaran G., Izotova L.S., Cook J.R., Garotta G. The interferon gamma (IFN-γ) receptor: a paradigm for the multichain cytokine receptor. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 8:1997;189-206.
144. Ho A.S., Liu Y., Khan T.A., Hsu D.H., Bazan J.F., Moore K.W. A receptor for interleukin 10 is related to interferon receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:1993;11,267-11,271.
145. McWhinney C.D., Dostal D., Baker K. Angiotensin II activates Stat5 through Jak2 kinase in cardiac myocytes. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 30:1998;751-761.
146. Guo D., Dunbar J.D., Yang C.H., Pfeffer L.M., Donner D.B. Induction of Jak/STAT signaling by activation of the type 1 TNF receptor. J. Immunol. 160:1998;2742-2750.
147. Ali M.S., Sayeski P.P., Dirksen L.B., Hayzer D.J., Marrero M.B., Bernstein K.E. Dependence on the motif YIPP for the physical association of Jak2 kinase with the intracellular carboxyl tail of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;23,382-23,388.
148. Korpelainen E.I., Karkkainen M., Gunji Y., Vikkula M., Alitalo K. Endothelial receptor tyrosine kinases activate the STAT signaling pathway: mutant Tie-2 causing venous malformations signals a distinct STAT activation response. Oncogene. 18:1999;1-8.
149. Kohlhuber F., Rogers N.C., Watling D., Feng J., Guschin D., Briscoe J., Witthuhn B.A., Kotenko S.V., Pestka S., Stark G.R., Ihle J.N., Kerr I.M. A JAK1/JAK2 chimera can sustain alpha and gamma interferon responses. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;695-706.
150. Miyazaki T., Kawahara A., Fujii H., Nakagawa Y., Minami Y., Liu Z-H.J., Oishi I., Silvennoinen O., Witthuhn B.A., Ihle J.N., Taniguchi T. Functional activation of Jak1 and Jak3 by selective association with IL-2 receptor subunits. Science. 266:1994;1045-1047.
151. Quelle F.W., Sato N., Witthuhn B.A., Inhorn R.C., Eder M., Miyajima A., Griffin J.D., Ihle J.N. JAK2 associates with the beta c chain of the receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and its activation requires the membrane-proximal region. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:1994;4335-4341.
152. Rui H., Kirken R.A., Farrar W.L. Activation of receptor-associated tyrosine kinase JAK2 by prolactin. J. Biol. Chem. 269:1994;5364-5368.
153. Pezet A., Buteau H., Kelly P.A., Edery M. The last proline of Box 1 is essential for assocation with JAK2 and functional activation of the prolactin receptor. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 129:1997;199-208.
154. Ogata N., Kouro T., Yamada A., Koike M., et al. JAK2 and JAK1 constitutively associate with an interleukin-5 (IL-5) receptor alpha and betac subunit, respectively, and are activated upon IL-5 stimulation. Blood. 91:1998;2264-2271.
155. Kouro T., Kikuchi Y., Kanazawa H., Hirokawa K., et al. Critical proline residues of the cytoplasmic domain of the IL-5 receptor alpha chain and its function in IL-5-mediated activation of JAK kinase and STAT5. Int. Immunol. 8:1996;237-245.
156. Sotiropoulos A., Moutoussamy S., Renaudie F., Clauss M., Kayser C., Gouilleux F., Kelly P.A., Finidori J. Differential activation of Stat3 and Stat5 by distinct regions of the growth hormone receptor. Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1996;998-1009.
157. Jiang N., He T.C., Miyajima A., Wojchowski D.M. The box 1 domain of the erythropoietin receptor specifies Janus kinase 2 activation and functions mitogenically within an interleukin 2 beta-receptor chimera. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;16,472-16,476.
158. Goupille O., Daniel N., Bignon C., Jolivet G., Djiane J. Prolactin signal transduction to milk protein genes: carboxy-terminal part of the prolactin receptor and its tyrosine phosphorylation are not obligatory for JAK2 and STAT5 activation. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 127:1997;155-169.
159. Lai C-F., Ripperger J., Morella K.K., Wang Y., Gearing D.P., Horseman N.D., Campos S.P., Fey G.H., Baumann H. STAT3 and STAT5B are targets of two different signal pathways activated by hematopoietin receptors and control
160. Smit L.S., Meyer D.J., Billestrup N., Norstedt G., et al. The role of the growth hormone (GH) receptor and JAK1 and JAK2 kinases in the activation of Stats 1, 3, and 5 by GH. Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1996;519-533.
161. Zhou Y.J., Hanson E.P., Chen Y.Q., Magnuson K., Chen M., Swann P.G., Wange R.L., Changelian P.S., O'Shea J.J. Distinct tyrosine phosphorylation sites in JAK3 kinase domain positively and negatively regulate its enzymatic activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;13,850-13,855.
162. Feng J., Witthuhn B.A., Matsuda T., Kohlhuber F., Kerr I.M., Ihle J.N. Activation of Jak2 catalytic activity requires phosphorylation of Y1007 in the kinase activation loop. Mol. Cell. Biol. 179:1997;2497-2501.
163. Mohi M.G., Arai Ki, Watanabe S. Activation and functional analysis of janus kinase 2 in BA/F3 cells using the Coumermycin/Gyrase B system. Mol. Biol. Cell. 12:1998;3299-3308.
164. Rui H., Lebrun J-J., Kirken R.A., Kelly P.A., Farrar W.L. JAK2 activation and cell proliferation induced by antibody-mediated prolactin receptor dimerization. Endocrinology. 135:1994;1299-1306.
165. Mellado M., Rodriguez-Frade J.M., Kremer L., von Kobbe C., deAna A.M., Merida I., Martinez A.C., et al. Conformational changes required in the human growth hormone receptor for growth hormone signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;9189-9196.
166. Ferrag F., Pezet A., Chiarenza A., Buteau H., Nelson B.H., Goffin V., Kelly P.A. Homodimerization of IL-2 receptor beta chain is necessary and sufficient to activate Jak2 and downstream signaling pathways. FEBS Lett. 421:1998;32-36.
167. Nakamura N., Chin H., Miyasaka N., Miura O. An epidermal growth factor receptor/Jak2 tyrosine kinase domain chimera induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 and transduces a growth signal in hematopoietic cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;19,483-19,488.
168. Blau C.A., Peterson K.R., Drachman J.G., Spencer D.M. A proliferation switch for genetically modified cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;3076-3081.
169. Liu K.D., Gaffen S.L., Goldsmith M.A., Greene W.C. Janus kinases in interleukin-2-mediated signaling: JAK1 and JAK3 are differentially regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. Curr. Biol. 7:1997;817-826.
170. Oakes S.A., Candotti F., Johnston J.A., Chen Y.Q., et al. Signaling via IL-2 and IL-4 in JAK3-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency lymphocytes: JAK3-dependent and independent pathways. Immunity. 5:1996;605-615.
171. Kirken R.A., Rui H., Malabarba M.G., Howard O.M., et al. Activation of JAK3, but not JAK1, is critical for IL-2-induced proliferation and STAT5 recruitment by a COOH-terminal region of the IL-2 receptor beta-chain. Cytokine. 7:1995;689-700.
172. Parganas E., Wang D., Stravopodis D., Topham D.J., Marine J-C., Teglund S., Vanin E.F., Bodner S., Colamonici O.R., van Deursen J.M., Grosveld G., Ihle J.N. Jak2 is Essential for Signaling through a Variety of Cytokine Receptors. Cell. 93:1998;385-395.
173. Han Y., Watling D., Rogers N.C., Stark G.R. JAK2 and STAT5, but not JAK1 and STAT1, are required for prolactin-induced beta-lactoglobulin transcription. Mol. Endocrinol. 11:1997;1180-1188.
174. Oda A., Sawada K., Druker B.J., Ozaki K., Takano H., Koizumi K., Fukada Y., Handa M., Koike T., Ikeda Y. Erythropoietin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Jak2, STAT5A, and STAT5B in primary cultured human erythroid precursors. Blood. 92:1998;443-451.
175. Chow J.C., Ling P.R., Qu Z., Laviola L., et al. Growth hormone stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT5, but not insulin receptor substrate-1 or SHC proteins in liver and skeletal muscle of normal rats in vivo. Endocrinology. 7:1996;2880-2886.
176. Nicholson S.E., Starr R., Novak U., Hilton D.J., Layton J.E. Tyrosine residues in the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) receptor mediate G-CSF-induced differentiation of murine myeloid leukemic (M1) cells. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;26,947-26,953.
177. Klingmuller U., Bergelson S., Hsiao J.G., Lodish H.F. Multiple tyrosine residues in the cytosolic domain of the erythropoietin receptor promote activation of STAT5. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:1996;8324-8328.
178. Berchtold S., Moriggl R., Gouilleux F., Silvennoinen O., et al. Cytokine receptor-independent, constitutively active variants of STAT5. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;30,237-30,243.
179. Fujitani Y., Hibi M., Fukada T., Takahashi-Tezuka M., et al. An alternative pathway for STAT activation that is mediated by the direct interaction between JAK and STAT. Oncogene. 14:1997;751-761.
180. Chin H., Wakao H., Miyajima A., Kamiyama R., et al. Erythropoietin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the interleukin-3 receptor beta subunit (betaIL3) and recruitment of Stat5 to possible Stat5-docking sites in betaIL3. Blood. 89:1997;4327-4336.
181. Mayr S., Welte T., Windegger M., Lechner J., May P., Heinrich P.C., Horn F., Doppler W. Selective coupling of STAT factors to the mouse prolactin receptor. Eur. J. Biochem. 258:1998;784-793.
182. Gobert S., Chretien S., Gouilleux F., Muller O., Pallard C., Dusanter-Fourt I., Groner B., Lacombe C., Gisselbrecht S., Mayeux P. Identification of tyrosine residues within the intracellular domain of the erythropoietin receptor crucial for STAT5 activation. EMBO J. 15:1996;2434-2441.
183. Schwaller J., Frantsve J., Aster J., Williams I.R., Tomasson M.H., Ross T.S., Peeters P., Van Rompaey L., Van Etten R.A., Ilaria R. Jr, Marynen P., Gilliland D.G. Transformation of hematopoietic cell lines to growth-factor independence and induction of a fatal myelo- and lymphoproliferative disease in mice by retrovirally transduced TEL/JAK2 fusion genes. EMBO J. 17:1998;5321-5333.
184. Drachman J.G., Kaushansky K. Dissecting the thrombopoietin receptor: functional elements of the Mpl cytoplasmic domain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;2350-2355.
185. Doyle S.E., Gasson J.C. Characterization of the role of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor alpha subunit in the activation of JAK2 and STAT5. Blood. 92:1998;867-876.
186. Barry S.C., Korpelainen E., Sun Q., Stomski F.C., et al. Roles of the N and C terminal domains of the interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain in receptor function. Blood. 89:1997;842-852.
187. Takatsu K. Interleukin 5 and B cell differentiation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 9:1998;25-35.
188. Woodcock J.M., Bagley C.J., Zacharakis B., Lopez A.F. A single tyrosine residue in the membrane-proximal domain of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL)-3, and IL-5 receptor common beta-chain is necessary and sufficient for high affinity binding and signaling by all three ligands. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;25,999-26,006.
189. van Dijk T.B., Caldenhoven E., Raaijmakers J.A., Lammers J.W., et al. Multiple tyrosine residues in the intracellular domain of the common beta subunit of the interleukin 5 receptor are involved in activation of STAT5. FEBS Lett. 412:1997;161-164.
190. Chin H., Arai A., Wakao H., Kamiyama R., Miyasaka N., Miura O. Lyn physically associates with the erythropoietin receptor and may play a role in activation of the Stat5 pathway. Blood. 91:1998;3734-3745.
191. Auguste P., Guillet C., Fourcin M., Olivier C., et al. Signaling of type II oncostatin M receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;15,760-15,764.
192. Piekorz RP, Hocke GM. Induction of differentiation by IL-6-type cytokines is impaired in myeloid leukemia cells unable to activate Stat5a [published errata appear in Cytokine 1998, 10, 73 and 1998 10, 240] Cytokine 1997, 9, 639-49.
193. Gaffen S.L., Lai S.Y., Xu W., Gouilleux F., Groner B., Goldsmith M.A., Greene W.C. Signaling through the interleukin 2 receptor β chain activates a STAT-5-like DNA-binding activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1995;7192-7196.
194. Nelson B.H., McIntosh B.C., Rosencrans L.L., Greenberg P.D. Requirement for an initial signal from the membrane-proximal region of the interleukin 2 receptor gamma(c) chain for Janus kinase activation leading to T cell proliferation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94:1997;1878-1883.
195. Malabarba M.G., Rui H., Deutsch H.H., Chung J., Kalthoff F.S., Farrar W.L., Kirken R.A. Interleukin-13 is a potent activator of JAK3 and STAT6 in cells expressing interleukin-2 receptor-gamma and interleukin-4 receptor-alpha. Biochem. J. 319:1996;865-872.
196. Ross R.J., Esposito N., Shen X.Y., Vonlaue S., Chew S.L., Dobson P.R., Postel-Vinay M.C., Finidori J. A short isoform of the human growth hormone receptor functions as a dominant negative inhibitor of the full-length receptor and generates large amounts of binding protein. Mol. Endocrinol. 11:1997;265-273.
197. Bjorbaek C., Uotani S., da Silva B., Flier J.S. Divergent signaling capacities of the long and short isoforms of the leptin receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;32,686-32,695.
198. Pless M., Norga K., Carroll M., Heim M.H., D'Andrea A.D., Mathey-Prevot B. Receptors that induce erythroid differentiation of Ba/F3 cells: structural requirements and effect on STAT5 binding. Blood. 89:1997;3175-3185.
199. Tilbrook P.A., Bittorf T., Callus B.A., Busfield S.J., et al. Regulation of the erythropoietin receptor and involvement of JAK2 in differentiation of J2E erythroid cells. Cell. Growth Differ. 7:1996;511-520.
200. Dong F., Brynes R.K., Tidow N., Welte K., Lowenberg B., Touw I.P. Mutations in the gene for the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor in patient with acute myeloid leukemia preceded by severe congenital neutropenia. ]N. Engl. J. Med. 333:1995;487.
201. Iwatsuki K., Endo T., Misawa H., Yokouchi M., Matsumoto A., Ohtsubo M., Mori K.J., Yoshimura A. STAT5 activation correlates with erythropoietin receptor-mediated erythroid differentiation of an erythroleukemia cell line. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;8149-8152.
202. Klingmuller U.U., Lorenz L.C., Cantley B.G., Neel, Lodish H.F. Specific recruitment of SH-PTP1 to the erythropoietin receptor causes inactivation of JAK2 and termination of proliferative signals. Cell. 80:1995;729-738.
203. Yamamura Y., Senda H., Kageyama Y., Matsuzaki T., et al. Erythropoietin and Friend virus gp55 activate different JAK/STAT pathways through the erythropoietin receptor in erythroid cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:1998;1172-1180.
204. Pericle F., Pinto L.A., Hicks S., Kirken R.A., Sconocchia G., Rusnak J., Dolan M.J., Shearer G.M., Segal D.M. HIV-1 infection induces a selective reduction in STAT5 protein expression. J. Immunol. 160:1998;28-31.
205. Nielsen M., Svejgaard A., Ropke C., Nordahl M., Odum N. Staphylococcal enterotoxins modulate interleukin 2 receptor expression and ligand-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the Janus protein-tyrosine kinase 3 (Jak3) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stat proteins). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1995;10,995-10,999.
206. Rui H., Xu J., Mehta S., Fang H., Williams J., Dong F., Grimley P.M. Activation of the Jak2-Stat5 signaling pathway in Nb2 lymphoma cells by an anti-apoptotic agent, aurintricarboxylic acid. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;28-32.
207. Waksman G., Herr A.B. New insights into heparin-induced FGF oligomerization. Nature Structural Biology. 5:1998;527-530.
208. Tian S-S., Lamb P., King A.G., Miller S.G., Kessler L., Luengo J.I., Averill L., Johnson R.K., Gleason J.G., Pelus L.M., Dillon S.B., Rosen J. A Small, Nonpeptidyl Mimic of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor. Science. 281:1998;257-259.
209. Karras J.G., Wang Z., Coniglio S.J., Frank D.A., Rothstein T.L. Antigen-receptor engagement in B cells induces nuclear expression of STAT5 and STAT6 proteins that bind and transactivate an IFN-gamma activation site. J. Immunol. 157:1996;39-47.
210. Matsuda T., Takahashi-Tezuka M., Fukada T., Okuyama Y., Fujitani Y., Tsukada S., Mano H., Hirai H., Witte O.N., Hirano T. Association and activation of Btk and Tec tyrosine kinases by gp130, a signal transducer of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines. Blood. 85:1995;627-633.
211. Saharinen P., Ekman N., Sarvas K., Parker P., Alitalo K., Silvennoinen O. The Bmx tyrosine kinase induces activation of the Stat signaling pathway, which is specifically inhibited by protein kinase Cdelta. Blood. 90:1997;4341-4353.
212. Sattler M., Salgia R. Activation of hematopoietic growth factor signal transduction pathways by the human oncogene BCR/ABL. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 8:1997;63-79.
213. Ilaria R.L. Jr, Van Etten R.A. P210 and P190(BCR/ABL) induce the tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA binding activity of multiple specific STAT family members. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;31,704-31,710.
214. Carlesso N., Frank D.A., Griffin J.D. Tyrosyl phosphorylation and DNA binding activity of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins in hematopoietic cell lines transformed by Bcr/Abl. J. Exp. Med. 183:1996;811-820.
215. Nieborowska-Skorska M., Wasik M.A., Slupianek A., Salomoni P., Kitamura T., Calabretta B., Skorski T. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)5 activation by BCR/ABL is dependent on intact Src homology (SH)3 and SH2 domains of BCR/ABL and is required for leukemogenesis. J. Exp. Med. 189:1999;1229-1242.
216. Peeters P., Raynaud S.D., Cools J., Wlodarska I., Grosgeorge J., Philip P., Monpoux F., Van Rompaey L., Baens M., Van den Berghe H., Marynen P. Fusion of TEL, the ETS-variant gene 6 (ETV6), to the receptor-associated kinase JAK2 as a result of t(9;12) in a lymphoid and t(9;15;12) in a myeloid leukemia. Blood. 90:1997;2535-2540.
217. Milocco L.H., Haslam J.A., Rosen J., Seidel H.M. Design of conditionally active STATs: insights into STAT activation and gene regulatory function. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:1999;2913-2920.
218. Horvath C.M., Wen Z., Darnell J.E. Jr. A STAT protein domain that determines DNA sequence recognition suggests a novel DNA-binding domain. Genes. Dev. 9:1995;984-994.
219. Park S.H., Liu X., Hennighausen L., Davey H.W., Waxman D.J. Distinctive roles of STAT5a and STAT5b in sexual dimorphism of hepatic P450 gene expression. Impact of STAT5a gene disruption. J. Biol. Chem. 274:1999;7421-7430.
220. Xu Y-L., Sun, Hoey T. Cooperative DNA Binding and Sequence-Selective Recognition Conferred by the STAT Amino-Terminal Domain. Science. 273:1996;794.
221. Vinkemeier U., Cohen S.L., Moarefi I., Chait B.T., Kuriyan J., Darnell J.E. Jr. DNA binding of in vitro activated Stat1 alpha, Stat1 beta and truncated Stat1: interaction between NH2-terminal domains stabilizes binding of two dimers to tandem DNA sites. EMBO J. 15:1996;5616-5626.
222. Bergad P.L., Shih H-M., Towle H.C., Schwarzenberg S.J., Berry S.A. Growth Hormone Induction of Hepatic Serine Protease Inhibitor 2.1 Transcription is Mediated by a Stat5-related Factor Binding Synergistically to Two γ-Activated Sites. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;24,903-24,910.
223. John S., Vinkemeier U., Soldaini E., Darnell J.E. Jr, Leonard W.J. The significance of tetramerization in promoter recruitment by Stat5. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:1999;1910-1918.
224. Moriggl R., Berchtold S., Friedrich K., Standke G.J., Kammer W., Heim M., Wissler M., Stocklin E., Gouilleux F., Groner B. Comparison of the transactivation domains of Stat5 and Stat6 in lymphoid cells and mammary epithelial cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;3663-3678.
225. Stancato L.F., David M., Carter-Su C., Larner A.C., Pratt W.B. Preassociation of STAT1 with STAT2 and STAT3 in separate signalling complexes prior to cytokine stimulation. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;4134-4137.
226. Xu B.C., Wang X., Darus C.J., Kopchick J.J. Growth hormone promotes the association of transcription factor STAT5 with the growth hormone receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;19,768-19,773.
227. Leung S., Qureshi S.A., Kerr I.M., Darnell J.E. Jr, Stark G.R. Role of STAT2 in the alpha interferon signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:1995;1312-1317.
228. Qureshi S.A., Leung S., Kerr I.M., Stark G.R., Darnell J.E. Jr. Function of Stat2 protein in transcriptional activation by alpha interferon. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1996;288-293.
229. Levy D.E. The house that Jak/Stat built. Cyt. Growth Factor Rev. 8:1997;81-90.
230. Stocklin E., Wissler M., Gouilleux F., Groner B. Functional interactions between Stat5 and the glucocorticoid receptor. Nature. 383:1996;726-728.
231. Ali S. Prolactin Receptor Regulates Stat5 Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation by Two Separate Pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;7709-7716.
232. Dajee M., Kazansky A.V., Raught B., Hocke G.M., Fey G.H., Richards J.S. Prolactin induction of the alpha 2-Macroglobulin gene in rat ovarian granulosa cells: stat 5 activation and binding to the interleukin-6 response element. Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1996;171-184.
233. Standke G.J., Meier V.S., Groner B. Mammary gland factor activated by prolactin on mammary epithelial cells and acute-phase response factor activated by interleukin-6 in liver cells share DNA binding and transactivation potential. Mol. Endocrinol. 8:1994;469-477.
234. Streuli C.H., Edwards G.M., Delcommenne M., Whitelaw C.B., Burdon T.G., Schindler C., Watson C.J. Stat5 as a target for regulation by extracellular matrix. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;21,639-21,644.
235. Chida D., Miura O., Yoshimura A., Miyajima A. Role of cytokine signaling molecules in erythroid differentiation of mouse fetal liver hematopoietic cells: functional analysis of signaling molecules by retrovirus-mediated expression. Blood. 93:1999;1567-1578.
236. Ganguly T.C., O'Brien M.L., Karpen S.J., Hyde J.F., Suchy F.J., Vore M. Regulation of the rat liver sodium-dependent bile acid cotransporter gene by prolactin. Mediation of transcriptional activation by Stat5. J. Clin. Invest. 99:1997;2906-2914.
237. Kannius-Janson M., Lidberg U., Hulten K., Gritli-Linde A., Bjursell G., Nilsson J. Studies of the regulation of the mouse carboxyl ester lipase gene in mammary gland. Biochem. J. 336:1998;577-585.
238. Varin-Blank N., Dondi E., Tosi M., Hernandez C., Boucontet L., Gotoh H., Shiroishi T., Moriwaki K., Meo T. Male-specific transcription initiation of the C4-Slp gene in mouse liver follows activation of STAT5. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 95:1998;8750-8755.
239. Matsumura I., Kitamura T., Wakao H., Tanaka H., Hashimoto K., Albanese C., Downward J., Pestell R.G., Kanakura Y. Transcriptional regulation of the cyclin D1 promoter by STAT5: its involvement in cytokine-dependent growth of hematopoietic cells. EMBO J. 18:1999;1367-1377.
240. Zhao Y., Nichols J.E., Bulun S.E., Mendelson C.R., Simpson E.R. Aromatase P450 gene expression in human adipose tissue. Role of a Jak/STAT pathway in regulation of the adipose-specific promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 270:1995;16,449-16,457.
241. Zhao Y., Agarwal V.R., Mendelson C.R., Simpson E.R. J Steroid Biochem. Transcriptional regulation of CYP19 gene (aromatase) expression in adipose stromal cells in primary culture. Mol. Biol. 61:1997;203-210.
242. Subramanian A., Teixeira J., Wang J., Gil G. A STAT factor mediates the sexually dimorphic regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A10/lithocholic acid 6 beta-hydroxylase gene expression by growth hormone. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:1995;4672-4682.
243. Subramanian A., Wang J., Gil G. STAT 5 and NF-Y are involved in expression and growth hormone-mediated sexually dimorphic regulation of cytochrome P450 3A10/lithocholic acid 6beta-hydroxylase. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1998;2173-2178.
244. Galsgaard E.D., Gouilleux F., Groner B., Serup P., Nielsen J.H., Billestrup N. Identification of a growth hormone-responsive STAT5-binding element in the rat insulin 1 gene. Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1996;652-660.
245. Matsumura I., Ishikawa J., Nakajima K., Oritani K., Tomiyama Y., Miyagawa J., Kato T., Miyazaki H., Matsuzawa Y., Kanakura Y. Thrombopoietin-induced differentiation of a human megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, CMK, involves transcriptional activation of p21(WAF1/Cip1) by STAT5. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1997;2933-2943.
246. Bellido T., O'Brien C.A., Roberson P.K., Manolagas S.C. Transcriptional activation of the p21(WAF1,CIP1,SDI1) gene by interleukin-6 type cytokines. A prerequisite for their pro-differentiating and anti-apoptotic effects on human osteoblastic cells. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;21,137-21,144.
247. Matikainen S., Sareneva T., Ronni T., Lehtonen A., Koskinen P.J., Julkunen I. Interferon-alpha activates multiple STAT proteins and upregulates proliferation-associated IL-2Ralpha, c-myc, and pim-1 genes in human T cells. Blood. 93:1999;1980-1991.
248. Wilson K.C., Finbloom D.S. Interferon gamma rapidly induces in human monocytes a DNA-binding factor that recognizes the gamma response region within the promoter of the gene for the high-affinity Fc gamma receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:1992;11,964-11,968.
249. Decker T., Kovarik P., Meinke A. GAS elements: a few nucleotides with a major impact on cytokine-induced gene expression. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 17:1997;121-134.
250. Pollock R., Treisman R.A. Sensitive method for the determination of protein-DNA binding specificities. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:1990;6197-6204.
251. Darnell J.E. Jr. Studies of IFN-induced transcriptional activation uncover the Jak-Stat pathway. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 18:1998;549-554.
252. Liu X., Gallego M.I., Smith G.H., Robinson G.W., Hennighausen L. Functional release of Stat5a-null mammary tissue through the activation of compensating signals including Stat5b. Cell Growth Differ. 9:1998;795-803.
253. Watson C.J., Burdon T.G. Prolactin signal transduction mechanisms in the mammary gland: the role of the Jak/Stat pathway. Rev. Reprod. 1:1996;1-5.
254. Rosen J.M., Zahnow C., Kazansky A., Raught B. Composite response elements mediate hormonal and developmental regulation of milk protein gene expression. Biochem. Soc. Symp. 63:1998;101-113.
255. Hennighausen L., Robinson G.W., Wagner K.U., Liu W. Prolactin signaling in mammary gland development. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;7567-7569.
256. Azam M., Lee C., Strehlow I., Schindler C. Functionally distinct isoforms of STAT5 are generated by protein processing. Immunity. 6:1997;691-701.
257. Meyer J., Jücker, Ostertag W., Stocking C. Carboxyl-truncated STAT5β is generated by a nucleus-associated serine protease in early hematopoietic progenitors. Blood. 91:1998;1901-1908.
258. Yan R., Qureshi S., Zhong Z., Wen Z., Darnell J.E. Jr. The genomic structure of the STAT genes: multiple exons in coincident sites in Stat1 and Stat2. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:1995;459-463.
259. Schaefer T.S., Sanders L.K., Nathans D. Cooperative transcriptional activity of Jun and Stat3b, a short form of Stat3. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 92:1995;9097-9101.
260. Caldenhoven E., van Dijk T.B., Solari R., Armstrong J., Raaijmakers J.A.M., Lammers J.W.J., Koenderman L., deGroot R.P. STAT3beta, a splice variant of transcription factor STAT3, is a dominant negative regulator of transcription. JBC. 271:1996;13,221-13,227.
261. Garlmorth K., Welte T., Doppler W. Generation of carboxy-terminally deleted forms of STAT5 during preparation of cell extracts. Exp. Cell Res. 246:1999;148-151.
262. von Hippel P.H. An integrated model of the transcription complex in elongation, termination, and editing. Science. 281:1998;660-665.
263. Blackwood E.M., Kadonaga J.T. Going the distance: a current view of enhancer action. Science. 281:1998;61-63.
264. Edwards G.M., Wilford F.H., Liu X., Hennighausen L., Djiane J., Streuli C.H. Regulation of mammary differentiation by extracellular matrix involves protein-tyrosine phosphatases. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1998;9495-9500.
265. Lechner J., Welte T., Doppler W. Mechanism of interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and Stat5: role of DNA-binding. Immunobiology. 198:1997;112-123.
266. Lechner J., Welte T., Tomasi J.K., Bruno P., Cairns C., Gustafsson J., Doppler W. Promoter-dependent synergy between glucocorticoid receptor and Stat5 in the activation of beta-casein gene transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;20,954-20,960.
267. Wyszomierski S.L., Yeh J., Rosen J.M. Glucocorticoid receptor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) interactions enhance STAT5 activation by prolonging STAT5 DNA binding and tyrosine phosphorylation. Mol. Endocrinol. 13:1999;330-343.
268. Horvath C.M., Darnell J.E. Jr. The antiviral state induced by alpha interferon and gamma interferon requires transcriptionally active Stat1 protein. J. Virol. 70:1996;647-650.
269. Zhang J.J., Zhao Y., Chait B.T., Lathem W.W., Ritzi M., Knippers R., Darnell J.E. Jr. Ser727-dependent recruitment of MCM5 by Stat1alpha in IFN-gamma-induced transcriptional activation. EMBO J. 17:1998;6963-6971.
270. Wartmann M., Cella N., Hofer P., Groner B., Liu X., Hennighausen L., Hynes N.E. Lactogenic hormone activation of Stat5 and transcription of the beta-casein gene in mammary epithelial cells is independent of p42 ERK2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 271:1996;31,863-31,868.
271. Pircher T.J., Flores-Morales A., Mui A.L., Saltiel A.R., Norstedt G., Gustafsson J.A., Haldosen L.A. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibition decreases growth hormone stimulated transcription mediated by STAT5. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 133:1997;169-176.
272. Pircher T.J., Petersen H., Gustafsson J.A., Haldosen L.A. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 5a. Mol. Endocrinol. 13:1999;555-565.
273. Clark-Lewis I., Sanghera J.S., Pelech S.L. Definition of a consensus sequence for peptide substrate recognition by p44mpk, the meiosis-activated myelin basic protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 266:1991;15,180-15,184.
274. Gonzalez F.A., Raden D.L., Davis R.J. Identification of substrate recognition determinants for human ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 266:1991;22,159-22,163.
275. Ng J., Cantrell D. STAT3 is a serine kinase target in T lymphocytes. Interleukin 2 and T cell antigen receptor signals converge upon serine 727. J. Biol. Chem. 272:1997;24,542-24,549.
276. David M., Petricoin E. 3rd, Benjamin C., Pine R., Weber M.J., Larner A.C. Requirement for MAP kinase (ERK2) activity in interferon alpha- and interferon beta-stimulated gene expression through STAT proteins. Science. 269:1995;1721-1723.
277. Chung J., Uchida E., Grammer T.C., Blenis J. STAT3 serine phosphorylation by ERK-dependent and -independent pathways negatively modulates its tyrosine phosphorylation. Mol. Cell Biol. 17:1997;6508-6516.
278. Ceresa B.P., Horvath C.M., Pessin J.E. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 serine phosphorylation by insulin is mediated by a Ras/Raf/MEK-dependent pathway. Endocrinology. 138:1997;4131-4137.
279. Erwin R.A., Kirken R.A., Malabarba M.G., Farrar W.L., Rui H. Prolactin activates Ras via signaling proteins SHC, growth factor receptor bound 2, and son of sevenless. Endocrinology. 136:1995;3512-3518.
280. Dong F, Larner A. Cleveland Clinic, unpublished.