The interferon gamma (IFN-γ) receptor: A paradigm for the multichain cytokine receptor

Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 189-206

  Pestka, Sidney ^a   Kotenko, Serguei V ^a   Muthukumaran, Geetha ^a   Izotova, Lara S ^a   Cook, Jeffry R ^a   Garotta, Gianni ^b  

^a RUTGERS ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cytokine; IFN ; Interferon; Receptors; Signal transduction

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENTARY DNA; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR; GAMMA INTERFERON; GAMMA INTERFERON RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE; RECEPTOR PROTEIN; RECEPTOR SUBUNIT; STAT1 PROTEIN; TYROSINE;

CHROMOSOME 21; CHROMOSOME 6; GENE MUTATION; GENE STRUCTURE; HUMAN; IMMUNOGENICITY; INFECTION; LIGAND BINDING; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OLIGOMERIZATION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EID: 0031424937     PISSN: 13596101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6101(97)00009-9     Document Type: Short Survey

References (134)

1. Branca AA, Baglioni C. Evidence that type I and II interferons have different receptors. Nature (London) 1981, 294, 768-770.
2. Rashidbaigi A, Langer JA, Jung V, Jones C, Morse HG, Tischfield J, Trill JJ, Kung H-F, Pestka S. The gene for the human immune interferon receptor is located on chromosome 6. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1986, 83, 384-388.
3. Jung V, Rashidbaigi A, Jones C, Tischfield JA, Shows TB, Pestka S. Human chromosomes 6 and 21 are required for sensitivity to human interferon-γ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1987,84,4151-4155.
4. Jung V, Jones CA, Rashidbiagi A, Geyer DD, Morse HG, Wright RB, Pestka S. Chromosome mapping of biological pathways by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and cell fusion: Human interferon-γ receptor as a model system. Somatic Cell. Mol. Genet. 1988, 14, 583-592.
5. Mariano TM, Kozak CA, Langer JA, Pestka S. The mouse immune interferon receptor gene is located on chromosome 10. J. Biol. Chem. 1987, 262, 5812-5814.
6. Mariano TM, Muthukumaran G, Donnelly RJ, Wang N, Adamson MC, Pestka S, Kozak CA. Genetic mapping of the gene for the mouse interferon-γ receptor signaling subunit to the distal end of chromosome 16. Mammalian Genome 1996,7,321-322.
7. Hibino Y, Mariano TM, Kumar CS, Kozak CA, Pestka S. Expression and reconstitution of a biologically active mouse interferon gamma receptor in hamster cells: Chromosomal location of an accessory factor. J. Biol. Chem. 1991,266,6948-6951.
8. Epstein LB, Epstein CJ. Localization of the gene AVG for the antiviral expression of immune and classical interferon to the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 21. J. Infect. Dis. 1976, 133, A56-A62.
9. Aguet M, Dembic Z, Merlin G. Molecular cloning and expression of the human interferon-γ receptor. Cell 1988, 55, 273-280.
10. Kumar CS, Muthukumaran G, Frost LJ, Noe M, Ahn YH, Mariano TM, Pestka S. Molecular characterization of the murine interferon gamma receptor cDNA. J. Biol. Chem. 1989, 264, 17939-17946.
11. Hemmi S, Peghini P, Metzler M, Merlin G, Dembic Z, Aguet M. Cloning of murine interferon-γ receptor cDNAs expression in human cells mediates high-affinity binding but is not sufficient to confer sensitivity to murine interferon-γ. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1989, 86, 9901-9905.
12. Munro S, Maniatis T. Expression cloning of the murine interferon-γ receptor, cDNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1989, 86, 9248-9252.
13. Gray PW, Leong S, Fennie EH, Farrar MA, Pingel JT, Fernandez-Luna J, Schreiber RD. Cloning and expression of the cDNA for the murine interferon-γ receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1989, 86, 8497-8501.
14. Cofano F, Moore SK, Tanaka S, Yuhki N, Landolfo S, Appella E. Affinity purification, peptide analysis and cDNA sequence of the mouse interferon-γ receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 4064-4071.
15. Jung V, Jones C, Kumar CS, Stefanos S, O'Connell S, Pestka S. Expression and reconstitution of a biologically active human IFN-γ receptor in hamster cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 1827-1830.
16. Fountoulakis M, Lahm H-W, Maris A, Friedlein A, Mannenberg M, Stüber D, Garotta G. A 25-kDa stretch of the extracellular domain of the human inteferon-γ receptor is required for full ligand-binding capacity. J. Biol. Chem. 1991, 266, 14970-14977.
17. Garotta G, Ozmen L, Fountoulakis M, Dembic Z, Van Loon AP, Stüber D. Human IFN-γ receptor: Mapping of epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies using native and recombinant receptor protein. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 6908-6915.
18. Stüber D, Friedlein A, Fountoulakis M, Lahm HW, Garotta G. Alignment of disulfide bonds of the extracellular domain of the interferon-γ receptor and investigation of their role in biological activity. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 2423-2430.
19. Williams G, Ruegg N, Birch A, Weber C, Hofstadter K, Robinson JA, Aguet M, Garotta G, Schlatter D, Huber W. Dissection of the extracellular human Interferon gamma receptor alpha-chain into two immunoglobulin-like domains. Production in an Escherichia coli thioredoxin gene fusion expression system and recognition by neutralizing antibodies. Biochemistry 1995, 34, 1787-1797.
20. Axelrod A, Gibbs VC, Goeddel DV. The interferon-γ receptor extracellular domain. Non-identical requirements of ligand-binding and signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 1533-1539.
21. Lai D, Zhu X, Zhou M, Pestka S. Mapping the ligand-binding site of IFN-γ receptors: Overcoming the barrier of species specificity. J. Interferon Res. 1993, 13, S80.
22. Lai, D., The mapping of the murine and human interferon gamma receptor. Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Graduate School - New Brunswick, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 1994.
23. Walter MR, Windsor WT, Nagabhushan TL, Lundell DJ, Lunn CA, Zanodry PJ, Narula SK. Crystal structure of a complex between interferon-γ and its soluble high-affinity receptor. Nature 1995, 376, 230-235.
24. Farrar MA, Fernandez-Luna J, Schreiber RD. Identification of two regions within the cytoplasmic domain of the human interferon-γ receptor required for function. J. Biol. Chem. 1991,266, 19626-19635.
25. Cook JR, Jung V, Schwartz B, Wang P, Pestka S. Structural analysis of the human interferon-gamma receptor: Specific requirement of a small segment of the intracellular domain for class I MHC antigen induction and antiviral activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992, 89, 11317-11321.
26. Farrar MA, Campbell JD, Schreiber RD. Identification of a functionally important sequence in the C terminus of the interferon-γ receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992, 89, 11706-11710.
27. Greenlund AC, Farrar MA, Viviane BL, Schreiber R. Ligand-induced IFN-γ receptor tyrosine phosphorylation couples the receptor to its signal transduction system. EMBO J. 1994, 13, 1591-1600.
28. Kaplan DH, Greenlund AC, Tanner JW, Shaw AS, Schrieber RD. Identification of an interferon-γ receptor-α chain sequence required for Jak 1 binding. J. Biol Chem. 1996, 271, 9-12.
29. Soh J, Donnelly RJ, Mariano TM, Cook JR, Schwartz B, Pestka S. Identification of a YAC clone encoding an accessory factor for the human Interferon gamma receptor: Evidence for multiple accessory factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1993, 90, 8737-8741.
30. Soh J, Donnelly RJ, Kotenko S, Mariano TM, Cook JR, Wang N, Emanuel S, Schwartz B, Miki T, Pestka S. Identification and sequence of an accessory factor required for activation of the human interferon-γ receptor. Cell 1994, 76, 793-802.
31. Hemmi S, Böhni R, Stark G, Di Marco F, Aguet M. A novel member of the interferon receptor family complements functionality of the murine interferon-γ receptor in human cells. Cell 1994, 76, 803-810.
32. Cook JR, Emanuel SL, Donnelly RJ, Soh J, Mariano TM, Schwartz B, Rhee S, Pestka S. Sublocalization of the human interferon-gamma receptor accessory factor gene and characterization of accessory factor activity by yeast artificial chromosomal fragmentation. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 7013-7018.
33. Bazan JF. Structural design and molecular evolution of a cytokine receptor superfamily. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1990, 87, 6934-6938.
34. Thoreau E, Petridou B, Kelly PA, Mornon JP. Structural symmetry of the extracellular domain of the cytokine/ growth hormone/prolactin receptor family and interferon receptors revealed by hydrophobic cluster analysis. FEBS Lett. 1991,282,26-31.
35. Hemmi S, Böhni R, Aguet M. Functional characterization of the cytoplasmic domain of the IFN-γ receptor. J. Interferon Res. 1994, 14, S94.
36. Kotenko SV, Izotova LS, Pollack BP, Mariano TM, Garotta G, Pestka S. Interaction between the component chains of the interferon-gamma receptor. J. Interferon Res. 1994, 14, S93.
37. Kotenko SV, Izotova LS, Pollack BP, Mariano TM, Donnelly RJ, Muthukumaran G, Cook JR, Garotta G, Silvennoinen O, Ihle JN, Pestka S. Interaction between the components of the interferon gamma receptor complex. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 20915-20921.
38. Sakatsume M, Igarashi K, Winestock KD, Garotta G, Larner AC, Finbloom DS. The Jak kinases differentially associate with the α and β (accessory factor) chains of the interferon-γ receptor to form a functional receptor unit capable of activating Stat transcription factors. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 17528-17534.
39. Bach EA, Tanner JW, Marsters S, Aschenazi A, Aguet M, Shaw AS, Schreiber RD. Ligand-induced assembly and activation of the gamma interferon receptor in intact cells. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1996, 16, 3214-3221.
40. Muthukumaran G, Donnelly RJ, Ebensperger C, Mariano TM, Garotta G, Dembic Z, Poast J, Baron S, Pestka S. The intracellular domain of the second chain of the interferon-γ receptor is interchangeable between species. J. Interferon and Cytokine Res. 1996, 16, 1039-1045.
41. Valente G, Ozmen L, Novelli F, Geuna M, Palestre G, Forni G, Garotta G. Distribution of interferon-γ receptor in human tissues. Eur. J. Immunol. 1992, 22, 2403-2412.
42. Van Loon AP, Ozmen L, Fountoulakis M, Kania M, Haiker M, Garotta G. High affinity receptor for IFN-γ, an ubiquitous protein occurring in different molecular forms on human cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 1991, 49, 462-473.
43. Fountoulakis M, Kania M, Ozmen L, Loetscher HR, Garotta G, Van Loon AP. Structure and membrane topology of the high-affinity receptor for human IFN-γ: Requirements for binding IFN-γ. J. Immunol. 1989, 143, 3266-3276.
44. Rhee S, Ebensperger C, Dembic Z, Pestka S. The structure of the gene for the second chain of the human Interferon gamma receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 28947-28952.
45. Beck TW, Brennscheidt U, Sithanandan G, Cleveland J, Rapp UR. Molecular organization of the human Raf-1 promoter region. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1990, 10, 3325-3333.
46. Ishii S, Kadonaga JT, Tjian R, Brady JN, Merlino GT, Pastan I. Binding of the Spl transcription factor by the human harvey ras1 proto-oncogene promoter. Science 1986, 232, 1410-1413.
47. Koh J, Sferra TJ, Collins FS. Characterization of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator promoter region. Chromatin context and tissue-specificity. J. Biol. Chem. 1993, 268, 15912-15921.
48. Kaestner KH, Hiemisch H, Luckow B, Schutz G. The HNF-3 gene family of transcription factors in mice: Gene structure, cDNA sequence, and mRNA distribution. Genomics 1994, 20, 377-385.
49. Huang DH, Horikoshi M, Roeder RG. Activation of the adenovirus Ella late promoter by a single-point mutation which enhances binding of transcription factor IID. J. Biol. Chem. 1988, 263, 12596-12601.
50. Klemsz MJ, McKercher SR, Celada A, Van Beveren C, Maki RA. The macrophage and B cell-specific transcription factor PU.1 is related to the ets oncogene. Cell 1990, 61, 113-124.
51. Ebensperger C, Rhee S, Muthukumaran G, Lembo D, Donnelly RJ, Pestka S, Dembic Z. Genomic organization and promoter analysis of the gene ifngr2 encoding the second chain of the mouse interferon-γ receptor. Scand. J. Immunol. 1996, 44, 599-606.
52. Kadonaga JT, Jones KA, Tjian R. Promoter specific activation of RNA polymerase II transcription by SP1. Trends Biochem. 1987, 11, 20-23.
53. Kingsley C, Winoto A. Cloning of GTbBox-binding proteins: A novel Spl multigene family regulating T-cell receptor gene expression. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1992, 12, 4251-4261.
54. Imagawa M, Chiu R, Karin M. Transcription factor AP-2 mediates induction by two different signal-transduction pathways: Protein kinase C and cAMP. Cell 1987, 51, 251-260.
55. Lembo D, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Alber G, Ozmen L, Landolfo S, Blüthmann H, Dembic Z, Kotenko SV, Cook JR, Pestka S, Garotta G. Mouse macrophages carrying both the subunits of the human IFN-γ receptor respond to human IFN-γ but do not acquire full protection against viral cytopathic effect. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 32659-32666.
56. Fountoulakis M, Zulauf M, Lusting A, Garotta G. Stoichiometry of interaction between interferon γ and its receptor. Eur. J. Biochem. 1992, 208, 781-787.
57. Greenlund AC, Schreiber R, Goeddel D, Pennica D. Interferon-γ induces receptor dimerization in solution and on cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1993, 268, 18103-18110.
58. Darnell JE. Jr, Kerr IM, Stark GR. Jak-Stat pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins. Science 1994, 264, 1415-1421.
59. Ihle JN, Kerr IM. Jaks and Stats in signaling by the cytokine receptor superfamily. Trends Genet. 1995, 11, 69-74.
60. Müller M, Briscoe J, Laxton C, Guschin D, Ziemiecki A, Silvennoinen O, Harpur AG, Barbieri G, Witthuhn BA, Schindler C, Pellegrini S, Wilks AF, Ihle JN, Stark GR, Kerr IM. The protein tyrosine kinase Jak l complements defects in interferon-α/β and -γ signal transduction. Nature 1993, 366, 129-135.
61. Müller M, Laxton C, Briscoe J, Laxton C, Schindler C, Improta T, Darnell JE. Jr, Stark GR, Kerr IM. Complementation of a mutant cell line: Central role of the 91 kD polypeptide of ISGF3 in the interferon-α and -γ signal transduction pathways. EMBO J. 1993, 12, 4221-4228.
62. Shuai K, Stark GR, Kerr IM, Darnell JE. Jr. A single phosphotyrosine residue of Stat91 required for gene activation by interferon-gamma. Science 1993, 261, 1744-1746.
63. Silvennoinen O, Ihle JN, Schlessinger J, Levy DE. Interferon-induced nuclear signaling by Jak protein tyrosine kinases. Nature 1993, 366, 583-585.
64. Watling D, Guschin D, Müller M, Silvennoinen O, Witthuhn BA, Quelle FW, Rogers NC, Schindler C, Stark GR, Ihle JN, Kerr IM. Complementation by the protein tyrosine kinase Jak2 of a mutant cell line effective in the interferon-γ signal transduction pathway. Nature 1993, 366, 166-170.
65. Igarashi K, David M, Larner AC, Finbloom DS. In vitro activation of a transcription factor by gamma interferon requires a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase and is mimicked by vanadate. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1993, 13, 3984-3989.
66. Igarishi K, Garotta G, Ozmen L, Ziemiecki A, Wilks AF, Harpur AG, Larner AC, Finbloom DS. Interferon-γ induces tyrosine phosphorylation of interferon-γ receptor and regulated association of protein tyrosine kinases, Jak1 and Jak2 with its receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 14333-14336.
67. Haque SJ, Flati V, Deb A, Williams BRG. Roles of protein-tyrosine phosphatases in Stat1α-mediated cell signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 25709-25714.
68. David M, Grimley PM, Finbloom DS, Larner AC. A nuclear tyrosine phosphatase downregulates interferon-induced gene expression. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1993, 13,7515-7521.
69. Lamb P, Haslam J, Kessler L, Seidel H-M, Stein RB, Rosen J. Rapid activation of the interferon-γ signal transduction pathway by inhibitors of tyrosine phosphatases. J. Interferon Res. 1994, 14, 365-373.
70. Marsters SA, Pennic D, Bach E, Schreiber RD, Ashkenazi A. Interferon-γ signals via a high-affinity multisubunit receptor complex that contains two types of polypeptide chain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1995, 92, 5401-5405.
71. Gibbs VC, Williams SR, Gray PW, Schreiber RD, Pennica D, Rice G, Goeddel DV. The extracellular domain of the human interferon gamma receptor interacts with a species-specific signal transducer. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1991, 11, 5860-5866.
72. Hibino Y, Kumar CS, Mariano TM, Lai D, Pestka S. Chimeric interferon gamma receptors demonstrate that an accessory factor required for activity interacts with the extracellular domain, J. Biol. Chem. 1992, 267, 3741-3749.
73. Hemmi S, Merlin G, Aguet M. Functional characterization of a hybrid human-mouse interferon-γ receptor: Evidence for species-specific interaction of the extra-cellular receptor domain with a putative signal transducer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992, 89, 2737-2741.
74. Kalina, U., Ozmen, L., Dadova, K.D., Gentz, R. and Garotta, G., The human gamma interferon receptor accessory factor encoded by chromosome 21 transduces the signal for the induction of 2′,5′-oligoadenylate-synthetase, resistance to virus cytopathic effect, and major histocompatibility complex class I antigens. J. Virol., 1993, 67, 1702-1706.
75. Kotenko SV, Izotova LS, Pollack BP, Muthukumaran G, Silvennoinen O, Paukku K, Ihle JN, Pestka S. Jak kinases can substitute for Jak2 in the IFN-γ signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 17174-17182.
76. Pollack BP, Kotenko SV, Izotova L, Krause CD, Mehnert JM, Pestka S. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to identify Jak2 interacting proteins. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 1996, 7,478.
77. Heim MH, Kerr IM, Stark GR, Darnell JE. Jr. Contribution of Stat SH2 groups to specific Interferon signaling by the Jak-Stat pathway. Science 1995, 267, 1347-1349.
78. Stahl N, Farruggella TJ, Boulton TG, Zhong Z, Darnell JE. Jr, Yancopoulos GD. Choice of Stats and other substrates specified by modular tyrosine-based motifs in cytokine receptors. Science 1995, 267, 1349-1353.
79. Li X, Leung S, Kerr IM, Stark GR. Functional subdomains of Stat2 required for preassociation with the alpha interferon receptor and for signaling. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1997, 17, 2048-2056.
80. Kotenko, SV, Krause, CD, Izotova, LS, Pollack, BP, Wu, W. and Pestka, S. Identification and functional characterization of a second chain of the interleukin-10 receptor complex, EMBO J. 1997, 16, in press.
81. Kohlhuber F, Rogers NC, Watling D, Feng J, Guschin D, Briscoe J, Witthuhn BA, Kotenko SV, Pestka S, Stark GR, Ihle JN, Kerr IM. A Jakl/Jak2 chimera can sustain alpha and gamma interferon responses. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1997, 17, 695-706.
82. Ziemiecki A, Harpur AG, Wilks AF. Jak protein tyrosine kinases: Their role in cytokine signaling. Trends Cell Biol. 1994, 4, 207-212.
83. Ihle JN, Witthuhn BA, Quelle FW, Yamamoto K, Thierfelder WE, Kreider B, Silvennoinen O. Signaling by the cytokine receptor superfamily: Jaks and Stats. Trends Biochem. Sci. 1994, 19, 222-227.
84. Ihle JN, Witthuhn BA, Quelle FW, Yamamoto K, Silvennoinen O. Signaling through the hematopoietic cytokine receptors. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 1995, 13, 369-398.
85. Meraz MA, White JM, Sheehan KCF, Bach EA, Rodig SJ, Dighe AS, Kaplan DH, Riley JK, Greenlund AC, Campbell D, Carver-Moore K, DuBoise RN, Clark R, Aguet M, Schreiber RD. Targeted disruption of the Stall gene in mice reveals unexpected physiologic specificity in the Jak-Stat signaling pathway. Cell 1996, 84, 431-442.
86. Durbin JE, Hackenmiller R, Simon MC, Levy DE. Targeted disruption of the mouse Stall gene results in compromised innate immunity to viral disease. Cell 1994, 84, 443-450.
87. Briscoe J, Rogers NC, Witthuhn BA, Watling D, Harpur AG, Wilks AF, Stark GR, Ihle JN, Kerr IM. Kinase-negative mutants of Jak 1 can sustain interferon-gamma-inducible gene expression but not an antiviral state. EMBO J. 1996, 15, 799-809.
88. Singh K, Balligand JL, Fischer TA, Smith TW, Kelly RA. Regulation of cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase in cardiac myocytes and microvascular endothelial cells. Role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/ERK2) and Stat1α. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 1111-1117.
89. Xu J, Rockow S, Kim S, Xiong W, Li W. Interferons block protein kinase C-dependent activation of Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases and mitogenesis in NIH 3T3 cells. Molec. Cell. Biol. 1994, 14, 8018-8027.
90. WAF1 /CIP1 mediated by Stat1. Science 1996, 272, 719-722.
91. David M, Petricoin E. III, Benjamin C, Pine R, Weber MJ, Larner AC. Requirement for MAP kinase (ERK2) activity in interferon α-and interferon γ-stimulated gene expression through Stat proteins. Science 1995,269,1721-1723.
92. Wen Z, Zhong Z, Darnell JE Jr. Maximal activation of transcription by Stat1 and Stat3 requires both tyrosine and serine phosphorylation. Cell 1995, 82, 241-250.
93. Pestka S, Langer JA, Zoon KC, Samuel CE. Interferons and their actions. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 1987, 56, 727-777.
94. Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism. Blood 1991, 77, 1627-1652.
95. Fernandez-Botran R. Soluble cytokine receptors: Their role in immunoregulation. FASEB J. 1991, 5, 2567-2574.
96. Debets R, Savelkoul HFJ. Cytokine antagonists and their potential therapeutic use. Immunol. Today 1994, 15, 455-457.
97. Upton C, Mossman KK, McFadden G. Encoding of a homolog of the IFN-γ receptor by mixoma virus. Science 1992, 258, 1369-1372.
98. Novick D, Cohen B, Rubinstein M. Soluble interferon-α receptor molecules are present in body fluids. FEBS Lett. 1992, 314, 445-448.
99. Novick, D, Engelmann, H, Wallach, D and Rubinstein, M. Soluble cytokine receptors are present in normal human urine. J. Expl Med., 1989, 170, 1409-1414.
100. Woith W, Nüsslein I, Antoni C, Dejica DI, Winkler TH, Herrmann M, Pirner K, Kalden JR, Manger B. A soluble form of the human transferrin receptor is released by activated lymphocytes in vitro. Clin. Expl Immunol. 1993, 92, 537-542.
101. Fridman WH, Teillaud JL, Bouchard C, Teillaud C, Astier A, Tartour E, Galon J, Mathiot C, Sautes C. Soluble Fcγ receptors. J. Leukoc. Biol. 1993, 54, 504-512.
102. Landolfo S, Garotta G. Interferon-γ a lymphokine that modulates immunological and inflammatory responses. J. Immunol. Res. 1991, 3, 81-94.
103. Pestka S, Kotenko SV, Cook JR, Izotova LS, Pollack BP, Muthukumaran G, Garotta G, Silvennoinen O, Ihle JN. Interferons, receptors, signal transduction and missing links. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 1996, 7(Abstract #32), 435.
104. Ozmen, L., Fountoulakis, M., Stüber, D. and Garotta, G., The human IFN-γ receptor as tool for the discovery of new immunomodulatory drugs. In From Clone to Clinic, ed. D.J.A. Crommelin and H. Schellekens. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990, 283-289.
105. Ozmen L, Gentz R, Fountoulakis M, Blütmann H, Stüber D, Garotta G. Preliminary characterization of soluble IFN-γ receptor as an immunomodulatory agent. J. Chemotherapy 1991, 3, 99-102.
106. Fountoulakis M, Juranville JF, Stüber D, Weibel EK, Garotta G. Purification and biochemical characterization of a soluble human interferon-γ receptor expressed in E. coli. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 13268-13275.
107. Gentz R, Hayes A, Grau N, Fountoulakiis M, Lahm HW, Ozmen L, Garotta G. Analysis of soluble human and mouse interferon-γ receptors expressed in eukaryotic cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 1992, 210, 545-554.
108. Kürschner C, Garotta G, Dembic Z. Construction, purification and characterization of new interferon gamma (IFN-γ) inhibitor proteins: Three IFN-γ receptor-immunoglobulin hybrid molecules. J. Biol. Chem. 1992, 267, 9354-9360.
109. Ozmen L, Gribaudo G, Fountoulakis M, Gentz R, Landolfo S, Garotta G. Mouse soluble IFN-γ receptor as IFNγ inhibitor: Distribution, antigenicity and activity after injection in mice. J. Immunol. 1993, 150, 2698-2705.
110. Garotta G, Ozmen L, Fountoulakis M. Development of IFN-γ antagonists as an example of biotechnology application to approach new immunomodulators. Pharmacol. Res. 1989, 21(Suppl. 2), 5-17.
111. Ozmen L, Roman D, Fountoulakis M, Schmid G, Ryffel B, Garotta G. Soluble IFN-γ Receptor: A therapeutically useful drug for systemic lupus erythematous. J. Interferon Res. 1994, 14, 283-284.
112. Ozmen L, Roman D, Fountoulakis M, Schmid G, Ryffel B, Garotta G. Experimental therapy of systemic lupus erythematosus: The treatment of NZB/W mice with mouse soluble interferon-γ receptor inhibits the onset of glomerulonephritis. Eur. J. Immunol. 1995, 25, 6-12.
113. Isaacs D, Clarke JR, Tyrrell DA, Webster AD, Valman HB. Deficient production of leucocyte interferon (interferon-alpha) in vitro and in vivo in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Lancet Oct 31, 1981, 2(8253), 950-952.
114. Davies EG, Isaacs D, Levinsky RJ. Defective immune interferon production and natural killer activity associated with poor neutrophil mobility and delayed umbilical cord separation, Clin. Expl Immunol. 1982, 50, 454-460.
115. Newport MJ, Huxley CM, Huston S, Hawrylowicz CM, Oostra BA, Williamson R, Levin M. A mutation in the interferon-γ-receptor gene and susceptibility to myco-bacterial infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996, 335, 1941-1955.
116. Jouanguy E, Altare F, Lamhamedi S, Revy P, Emile J-F, Newport M, Levin M, Blanche S, Seboun E, Fischer A, Casanova J-L. Interferon-γ-receptor deficiency in an infant with fatal bacille Calmette-Guérin infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996, 335, 1956-1961.
117. Stahl N, Yancopoulos GD. The alpha, betas, and kinases of cytokine receptor complexes. Cell 1993, 74, 587-590.
118. Muthukumaran G, Kotenko S, Donnelly R, Ihle JN, Pestka S. Chimeric erythropoietin-interferon gamma receptors reveal differences in functional architecture of intracellular domains for signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 4993-4999.
119. DeVos AM, Ultsch M, Kossiakoff AA. Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: Crystal structure of the complex. Science 1992, 255, 306-312.
120. Watowich SS, Yoshimura A, Longmore GD, Hilton DJ, Yoshimura Y, Lodish HF. Homodimerization and constitutive activation of the erythropoietin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1992, 89, 2140-2144.
121. Bach EA, Szabo SJ, Dighe AS, Ashkenazi A, Aguet M, Murphy KM, Schreiber RD. Ligand-induced auto-regulation of IFN-γ receptor β chain expression in T helper cell subsets. Science 1995, 270, 1215-1218.
122. H1 cells. Science 1995, 269, 245-247.
123. Skrenta H, Peritt D, Cook JR, Garotta G, Trinchieri G, Pestka S. The expression of the second interferon gamma receptor chain (IFN-γR2) distinguishes human cytotoxic (CD8 +) as well as helper (CD4) T-cell subsets. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 1996, 7(Abstract #574), 622.
124. Sakatsume M, Finbloom DS. Modulation of the expression of the IFN-γ receptor β-chain controls responsiveness to IFN-γ in human peripheral blood T cells. J. Immunol. 1996, 156, 4160-4166.
125. Novelli F, Bernabei P, Ozmen L, Rigamonti L, Allione A, Pestka S, Garotta G, Forni G. Switching on of the proliferation or apoptosis of activated human T lymphocytes by IFN-γ is correlated with the differential expression of the α-and β-chains of its receptor. J. Immunol. 1996, 157, 1935-1943.
126. Uzé G, Lutfalla G, Gresser I. Genetic transfer of a functional human interferon-α receptor into mouse cells: Cloning and expression of its cDNA. Cell 1990, 60, 225-234.
127. Lutfalla G, Holland SJ, Cinato E, Monneron D, Reboul J, Rogers NC, Smith JM, Stark GR, Gardiner K, Mogensen KE, Kerr IM, Uź G. Mutant U5A cells are complemented by an interferon-αβ receptor subunit generated by alternative processing of a new member of a cytokine receptor gene cluster. EMBO J. 1995, 14, 5100-5108.
128. Domanski P, Witte M, Kellum M, Rubinstein M, Hackett R, Pitha P, Colamonici OR. Cloning and expression of a long form of the beta subunit of the interferon alpha beta receptor that is required for signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 1995, 270, 21606-21611.
129. Lutfalla G, Gardiner K, Uzé G. A new member of the cytokine receptor gene family maps or chromosome 21 at less than 35kB from IFNAR. Genomics 1993, 16, 366-373.
130. Takeshita T, Asao H, Ohtani K, Ishii N, Kumaki S, Tanaka N, Munakata H, Nakamura M, Sugamura K. Cloning of the γ-chain of the human IL-2 receptor. Science 1992, 257, 379-382.
131. Barnstable CJ, Bodmer WF, Brown G, Galfere G, Milstein C, Williams AF, Ziegler A. Production of monoclonal antibodies to group A erythrocytes, HLA and other human cell surface antigens-new tools for genetic analysis. Cell 1978, 14, 9-20.
132. Langer J, Garotta G, Pestka S. Interferon receptors. Biotherapy 1996, 8, 163-174.
133. Kimura T, Kadokawa Y, Harada H, Matsumota M, Sato M, Kashiwazaki Y, Tarutani M, Tan RS, Takasugi T, Matsuyama T, Mak TW, Noguchi S, Taniguchi T. Essential and non-redundant roles of p48 (ISGFγ) and IRF-1 in both type I and type II interferon responses, as revealed by gene targeting studies. Genes to Cells 1996, 1, 115-124.
134. Langer J, Pestka S. Interferon receptors. Immunol. Today 1988, 9, 393-400.