Non-Botrytis grape-rotting fungi responsible for earthy and moldy off-flavors and mycotoxins

Food Microbiology

Volumn 38, Issue , 2014, Pages 104-121

  Rousseaux, Sandrine ^a   Diguta, Camelia Filofteia ^b   Radoï Matei, Florentina ^c   Alexandre, Hervé ^a   Guilloux Bénatier, Michèle ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE BOURGOGNE   (France)

^b BIOTEHGEN   (Romania)

^c UNIVERSITY OF AGRONOMIC SCIENCES AND VETERINARY MEDICINE OF BUCHAREST   (Romania)

Author keywords

Aspergillus; Diversity; Filamentous fungi; Grape; Mycotoxins; Off flavors; Penicillium

Indexed keywords

MYCOTOXIN;

ASPERGILLUS; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; DIVERSITY; FERMENTATION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGUS; FUNGUS; GENETICS; GRAPE; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; OFF-FLAVORS; PENICILLIUM; REVIEW; TASTE; VITIS; WINE;

ASPERGILLUS; DIVERSITY; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; GRAPE; MYCOTOXINS; OFF-FLAVORS; PENICILLIUM;

FERMENTATION; FUNGI; HUMANS; MYCOTOXINS; TASTE; VITIS; WINE;

EID: 84884520480     PISSN: 07400020     EISSN: 10959998     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.08.013     Document Type: Review

References (194)

1. Abrunhosa L., Paterson R.R., Kozakiewicz Z., Lima N., Venancio A. Mycotoxin production from fungi isolated from grapes. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2001, 32:240-242.
2. 2 production by Aspergillus niger in Portuguese wine regions. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59:7514-7518.
3. Accensi F., Cano J., Figuera L., Abarca M.L., Cabañes F.J. New PCR method to differentiate species in the Aspergillus niger aggregate. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1999, 180:191-196.
4. Amon J.M., Vandepeer J.M., Simpson R.F. Compounds responsible for cork taint in wine. Aust. N. Z. Wine Ind. J. 1989, 4:62-69.
5. Anderson I.C., Campbell C.D., Prosser J.I. Potential bias of fungal 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer polymerase chain reaction primers for estimating fungal biodiversity in soil. Environ. Microbiol. 2003, 5:36-47.
6. Atoui A., Dao H.P., Mathieu F., Lebrihi A. Amplification and diversity analysis of ketosynthase domains of putative polyketide synthase genes in Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus carbonarius producers of ochratoxin A. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2006, 50:488-493.
7. Atoui A., Mathieu F., Lebrihi A. Targeting a polyketide synthase gene for Aspergillus carbonarius quantification and ochratoxin A assessment in grapes using real-time PCR. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 115:313-318.
8. Ayoub F., Reverberi M., Ricelli A., D'Onghia A.M., Yaseen T. Early detection of Aspergillus carbonarius and A.niger on table grapes: a tool for quality improvement. Food Addit. Contam. 2010, 27:1285-1293.
9. Bacha N., Atoui A., Mathieu F., Liboz T., Lebrihi A. Aspergillus westerdijkiae polyketide synthase gene "aoks1" is involved in the biosynthesis of ochratoxin A. Fungal Genet. Biol. 2009, 46:77-84.
10. Barata A., Malfeito-Ferreira M., Loureiro V. The microbial ecology of wine grape berries. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2012, 153:243-259.
11. Battilani P., Pietri A., Bertuzzi T., Languasco L., Giorni P., Kozakiewicz Occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing fungi in grapes grown in Italy. J.Food Prot. 2003, 66:633-636.
12. Battilani P., Logrieco A., Giorni P., Cozzi G., Bertuzzi T., Pietri A. Ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carborarius on some grape varieties grown in Italy. J.Sci. Food Agric. 2004, 111:53-60.
13. Battilani P., Giorni P., Bertuzzi T., Formenti S., Pietri A. Black aspergilli and ochratoxin A in grapes in Italy. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S53-S60.
14. Bau M., Bragulat M.R., Abarca M.L., Minguez S., Cabañes F.J. Ochratoxigenic species from Spanish wine grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2005, 98:125-130.
15. Bau M., Castella G., Bragulat M.R., Cabañes F.J. DNA-based characterization of ochratoxin-A-producing and non-producing Aspergillus carbonarius strains from grapes. Res. Microbiol. 2005, 156:375-381.
16. Bau M., Castella G., Bragulat M.R., Cabañes F.J. RFLP characterization of Aspergillus niger aggregate species from grapes from Europe and Israel. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S18-S21.
17. Bejaoui H., Mathieu F., Taillandier P., Lebrihi A. Black aspergilli and ochratoxin A production in French vineyards. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S46-S52.
18. Bellí N., Bau M., Marín S., Abarca M.L., Ramos A.J., Bragulat M.R. Mycobiota and ochratoxin A producing from Spanish wine grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S40-S45.
19. Belli N., Marin S., Sanchis V., Ramos A.J. Impact of fungicides on Aspergillus carbonarius growth and ochratoxin A production on synthetic grape-like medium and on grapes. Food Addit. Contam. 2006, 23:1021-1029.
20. Bentley R., Meganathan R. Geosmin and methylisoborneol biosynthesis in streptomycetes. Evidence for an isoprenoid pathway and its absence in non-differentiating isolates. FEBS Lett. 1981, 125:220-222.
21. Bleve G., Grieco F., Cozzi G., Logrieco A., Visconti A. Isolation of epiphytic yeasts with potential for biocontrol of Aspergillus carbonarius and A.niger on grape. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 108:204-209.
22. Bragulat M.R., Abarca M.L., Cabanes F.J. Low occurrence of patulin- and citrinin-producing species. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2008, 47:286-289.
23. Briceno E.X., Latorre B.A. Outbreaks of Cladosporium rot associated with delayed harvest wine grapes in Chile. Plant Dis. 2007, 91:1635-1642.
24. Bruns T.D., White T.J., Taylor J.W. Fungal molecular systematics. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1991, 22:525-564.
25. Cabañes F.J., Accensi F., Bragulat M.R., Abarca M.L., Castella G., Minguez S., Pons A. What is the source of ochratoxin A in wine?. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2002, 79:213-215.
26. Cane D.E., Watt R.M. Expression and mechanistic analysis of a germacradienol synthase from Streptomyces coelicolor implicated in geosmin biosynthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2003, 10:1547-1551.
27. Cane D.E., HE X., Kobayashi S., Omura S., Ikeda H. Geosmin biosynthesis in Streptomyces avermitilis.Molecular cloning, expression, and mechanistic study of the germacradienol/geosmin synthase. J.Antib. 2006, 59:471-479.
28. Capece A., Salzano G., Romano P. Molecular typing techniques as a tool to differentiate non-Saccharomyces wine species. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2003, 84:33-39.
29. Castella G., Cabañes F.J. Development of a Real Time PCR system for detection of ochratoxin A-producing strains of the Aspergillus niger aggregate. Food Control 2011, 22:1367-1372.
30. Chen Y.M., Hobson P., Burch M.D., Lin T.F. In situ measurement of odor compound production by benthic cyanobacteria. J.Environ. Monit. 2010, 12:769-775.
31. Chiotta M., Ponsone M.L., Combina M.L., Torres A.M., Chulze S.N. Aspergillus section Nigri species isolated from different wine-grape growing regions in Argentina. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 136:137-141.
32. Chiotta M., Ponsone M.L., Combina M., Torres A.M., Chulze S.N. Influence of Planococcus ficus on Aspergillus section Nigri and ochratoxin A incidence in vineyards from Argentina. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2010, 51:212-218.
33. Chiotta M.L., Reynoso M.M., Torres A.M., Combina M., Chulze S.N. Molecular characterization and toxigenic profile of Aspergillus section Nigri populations isolated from the main grape-growing regions in Argentina. J.Appl. Microbiol. 2010, 110:445-454.
34. Chulze S.N., Magnoli C.E., Dalcero A.M. Occurrence of ochratoxin A in wine and ochratoxigenic mycoflora in grapes and dried vine fruits in South America. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S5-S9.
35. Clouvel P., Bonvarlet L., Martinez A., Lagouarde P., Dieng I., Martin P. Wine contamination by ochratoxin A in relation to vine environment. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2008, 123:74-80.
36. Colombo F., Vallone L., Giaretti M., Dragoni I. Identification of Penicillium aurantiogriseum species with a method of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Food Control 2003, 14:137-140.
37. Cozzi G., Pascale M., Perrone G., Visconti A., Logrieco A.F. Effect of Lobesia botrana damages on black aspergilli rot and ochratoxin A content in grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S88-S92.
38. Cozzi G., Somma S., Haidukowski M., Logrieco A.F. Ochratoxin A management in vineyards by Lobesia botrana biocontrol. Toxins 2013, 5:49-59.
39. Creppy E.E. Human ochratoxicosis. J.Toxicol. Toxin Rev. 1999, 18:273-293.
40. Cubaiu L., Abbas H., Dobson A.D., Budroni M., Migheli Q. ASaccharomyces cerevisiae wine strain inhibits growth and decreases Ochratoxin A biosynthesis by Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus ochraceus. Toxins 2012, 4:1468-1481.
41. -1 de vin : quelles conséquences sur la filière. Revue des Œnologues 2005, 111:7-9.
42. Da Rocha Rosa C., Palacios V., Combina M., Fraga M.E., Rekson A.D., Magnoli C.E., Dalcero A.M. Potential ochratoxin A producers from wine grapes in Argentina and Brazil. Food Addit. Contam. 2002, 19:408-414.
43. Dachoupakan C., Ratomahenina R., Martinez V., Guiraud J.P., Baccou J.C., Schorr-Galindo S. Study of the phenotypic and genotypic biodiversity of potentially ochratoxingenic black aspergilli isolated from grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 132:14-23.
44. Dao H.P., Mathieu F., Lebrihi A. Two primer pairs to detect OTA producers by PCR method. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2005, 104:61-67.
45. Darriet P., Pons M., Lamy S., Dubourdieu D. Identification and quantification of geosmin, a powerful earthy odorant contaminating wines. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2000, 48:4835-4838.
46. Darriet P., Lamy S., La Guerche S., Pons M., Dubourdieu D., Blancard D., Steliopoulous P., Mosandl A. Stereodifferentiation of geosmin in wine. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2001, 213:122-125.
47. Dauphin B., La Guerche S., Pons M., Darriet P. Caractérisation de composés carbonylés très odorants impliqués dans des déviations organoleptiques des vins. Oeno 2007 Tome 2 2007, 586-588. Vigne et Vin Publications internationales, Villenave d'Ornon. A. Lonvaud, L. Geny, M. Mietton-Peuchot, P. Darriet, P. Lucas, G. de Revel, P.L. Teissedre (Eds.).
48. De Rossi P., Reverberi M., Ricelli A., Fabbri A.A., Capito D., De Cesare G., Scipinotti R., Fanelli C. Early detection of ochratoxigenic fungi in wine grapes and of ochratoxin A in wine. Ann. Microbiol. 2011, 61:11-15.
49. De Valk H.A., Klaassen C.H.W., Meis J.F.G.M. Molecular typing of Aspergillus species. Mycoses 2008, 51:463-476.
50. Dean T.R., Kohan M., Betancourt D., Menetrez M.Y. Asimple polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism assay capable of identifying medically relevant filamentous fungi. Mol. Biotechnol. 2005, 31:21-27.
51. Dean T.R., Ropp B., Betancourt D., Menetrez M.Y. Asimple multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the identification of four environmentally fungal contaminants. J.Microbiol. Methods 2005, 61:9-16.
52. Dean R., Van Kan J.A., Pretorius Z.A., Hammond-Kosach K.E., Di Pietro A., Spanu P.D., Rudd J.J., Dickman M., Kahmann R., Ellis J., Foster G.D. The top 10 fungal pathogens in molecular plant pathology. Mol. Plant Pathol. 2012, 13:414-430.
53. Diaz G.A., Torres R., Vega M., Latorre B.A. Ochratoxigenic Aspergillus species on grapes from Chilean vineyards and Aspergillus threshold levels on grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 133:195-199.
54. Diaz G.A., Yanez L., Latorre B.A. Low occurrence of patulin-producing strains of Penicillium in grapes and patulin degradation during winemaking in Chile. Am. Soc. Enol. Vitic. 2011, 62:542-546.
55. Diguta C.F., Vincent B., Guilloux-Bénatier M., Alexandre H., Rousseaux S. PCR ITS-RFLP: a useful method for identifying filamentous fungi isolates on grapes. Food Microbiol. 2011, 28:1145-1154.
56. Doaré-Lebrun E. Caractérisation de la microflore des raisins par méthodes FISH et PCR-TTGE - Application à la résolution des goÛts terreux dans les vins 2005, (Thèse de doctorat), UTC et ENSIA.
57. Doaré-Lebrun E., El Arbi A., Charlet M., Guérin L., Pernelle J.J., Ogier J.C., Bouix M. Analysis of fungal diversity of grapes by application of temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis - potentialities and limit of the method. J.Appl. Microbiol. 2006, 101:1340-1350.
58. Drouillard J.B., Martins-Gueunier M., Knauf-Beiter G. GoÛts moisi-terreux dans les vins: premiers résultats pratiques d'un partenariat filière. Rev. Fr. d'Œnol. 2005, 214:18-23.
59. Dupont J., Magnin S., Marti A., Brousse M. Molecular tools for identification of Penicillium starter cultures used in the food industry. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 1999, 49:109-118.
60. Dupont J., Dennetiere B., Jacquet C., Roquebert M.F. PCR-RFLP of ITS rDNA for the rapid identification of Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium species. Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 2006, 26:145-150.
61. El Khoury A., Rizk T., Lteif R., Azouri H., Delia M.L., Lebrihi A. Fungal contamination and aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A in Lebanese wine-grapes and musts. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2008, 46:2244-2250.
62. Ellis M.B. Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes 1971, 608. Commonwealth Mycological Institut, Kew, England.
63. Esteban A., Leong S.L., Hocking A.D., Abarca M.L., Cabanes F.J., Dinh N.T. Utility of microsatellite markers and amplified fragment length polymorphism in the study of potentially ochratoxigenic black aspergilli. Curr. Microbiol. 2008, 57:348-355.
64. Fowler S.R., Jaspers M.V., Walter M., Stewart A. Suppression of overwintering Botrytis cinerea inoculum on grape rachi using antagonistic fungi. Proc. 52nd New Zealand Plant Protection Conference 1999, 141-147.
65. Gallo A., Perrone G., Solfrizzo M., Epifani F., Abbas A., Dobson A.D., Mulè G. Characterization of a pks gene which is expressed during ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 129:8-15.
66. Garcia C., La Guerche S., Mouhamadou B., Férandon C., Labarère J., Blancard D., Darriet P., Barroso G. ACAPS test allowing a rapid distinction of Penicillium expansum among fungal species collected on grape berries, inferred from the sequence and secondary structure of the mitochondial SSU-rRNA. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:183-190.
67. Garcia-Cela E., Ramos A.J., Sanchis V., Marin S. Ochratoxigenic moulds and effectiveness of grape field antifungals in a climatic change scenario. J.Sci. Food Agric. 2011, 92:1455-1461.
68. Geisen R., Cantor M.D., Hansen T.K., Hozapfel W.H., Jakobsen M. Characterization of Penicillium roqueforti strains used as cheese starter cultures by RAPD typing. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2001, 65:183-191.
69. Geisen R., Mayer Z., Karolewiez A., Farber P.F. Development of a real time PCR system for detection of Penicillium nordicum and for monitoring ochratoxin A production in foods by targeting the ochratoxin polyketide synthase gene. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 2004, 27:501-507.
70. Geiser D.M., Harbinski F.M., Taylor J.W. Molecular and analytical tools for characterizing Aspergillus and Penicillium species at the intra- and interspecific levels. Integration of Modern Taxonomic Methods for Penicillium and Aspergillus Classification 2000, 179-188. Harwood Academic Publishers, Gordon and Breach Publishing Group, Amsterdam. R.A. Samson, J.I. Pitt (Eds.).
71. Geiser D.M., Klich M.A., Frisvad J.C., Peterson S.W., Varga J., Samson R.A. The current status of species recognition and identification in Aspergillus. Stud. Mycol. 2007, 59:1-10.
72. Gerber N.N., Lechevalier H.A. Geosmin an earthly-smelling substance isolated from actinomycetes. Appl. Microbiol. 1965, 13:935-938.
73. Gil-Serna J., González-Salgado A., González-Jaén M.T., Vázquez C., Patiño B. ITS-based detection and quantifi{ligature}cation of Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus westerdijkiae in grapes and green coffee beans by real-time quantitative PCR. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 131:162-167.
74. Gomez C., Bragulat M.R., Abarca M.L., Minguez S., Cabanes F.J. Ochratoxin A-producing fungi from grapes intended for liqueur wine production. Food Microbiol. 2006, 23:541-545.
75. Gonzalez-Salgado A., Patiño B., Vazquez C., Gonzalez-Jaen M.T. Discrimination of Aspergillus niger and other Aspergillus species belonging to section Nigri by PCR assays. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2005, 245:353-361.
76. Gonzalez-Salgado A., Patiño B., Gil-Serna J., Vazquez C., Gonzalez-Jaen M.T. Specic detection of Aspergillus carbonarius by SYBRs Green and TaqMans quantitative PCR assays based on the multicopy ITS2 region of the rRNAgene. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2009, 295:57-66.
77. Grosbon P., Brun D., Martinj A. Effet conjugué de la protection anti-Botrytis et d'itinéraires de vinification sur les micro-organismes indésirables d'un vin issu d'une parcelle à risque. Rev. œnol. 2009, 133:28-31.
78. Guérin L., Guyot F., Vincent B., Lempereur V. Schémas épidémiologiques des déviations nommées goÛt moisi-terreux (GMT) dans différents vignobles 2007, A. Lonvaud, L (Eds.).
79. Gust B., Challis G.L., Fowler K., Kieser T., Chater K.F. PCR-targeted Streptomyces gene replacement identifies a protein domain needed for biosynthesis of the sesquiterpene soil odor geosmin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2003, 100:1541-1546.
80. Guzev L., Danshin A., Ziv S., Lichter A. Occurrence of ochratoxin A producing fungi in wine and table grapes in Israel. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S67-S71.
81. Harris N.D., Karahadian C., Lindsay R.C. Musty aroma compounds produced by selected molds and actinomycetes on agar and whole wheat bread. J.Food Prot. 1986, 49:964-970.
82. Hashizume K., Tozawa K., Hiraga Y., Aramaki I. Purification and characterization of a O-methyltransferase capable of methylating 2-hydroxy-3-alkylpyrazine from Vitis vinifera L. (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon). Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2001, 65:2213-2219.
83. Head I.M., Saunders J.R., Pickup R.W. Microbial evolution, diversity and ecology: a decade of ribosomal RNA analysis of uncultivated microorganisms. Microb. Ecol. 1998, 35:1-21.
84. Hayat A., Paniel N., Rhouati A., Marry J.L., Barthelmebs L. Recent advances in ochrtoxinA-producing fungi detection based on PCR methods and ochratoxin A analysis in food matrices. Food Control 2012, 26:401-415.
85. Henry T., Iwen P.C., Hinrichs S.H. Identification of Aspergillus species using internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2. J.Clin. Microbiol. 2000, 38:1510-1515.
86. Hibbett D.S., Nilsson R.H., Snyder M., Fonseca M., Costanzo J., Shonfeld M. Automated phylogenetic taxonomy: an example in the homobasidiomycetes (mushroom-forming fungi). Syst. Biol. 2005, 54:660-668.
87. Hocking A., Leong S., Kazi B., Emmett R., Scott E. Fungi and mycotoxins in vineyards and grape products. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 119:84-88.
88. Huff W.E., Hamilton P.B. Mycotoxin-their biosynthesis in fungi: ochratoxin metabolites of combined pathways. J.Food Prot. 1979, 42:815-820.
89. Holz G., Gütschow M., Coertze S. Occurrence of Botrytis cinerea and subsequent disease expression at different positions on leaves and bunches of grape. Plant Dis. 2003, 87:351-358.
90. Izaguirre G., Taylor W.D. Aguide to geosmin- and MIB-producing cyanobacteria in the United States. Water Sci. Technol. 2004, 49:19-24.
91. Jiang J., He X.F., Cane D.E. Biosynthesis of the earthy odorant geosmin by bifunctional Streptomyces coelicolor enzyme. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2007, 3:711-715.
92. Kapetanakou A.E., Kollias J.N., Dronisos E.H., Skandamis P.N. Inhibition of A.carbonarius growth and reduction of ochratoxin A by bacteria and yeast composites of technological importance in culture media and beverages. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2012, 152:91-99.
93. Kassemeyer H.H., Berkelmann-Löhnertz B. Fungi of grapes. Biology of Microorganisms on Grapes, in Must and in Wine 2009, 61-87. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. H. König, G. Unden, J. Fröhlich (Eds.).
94. 4 in retail raisins. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59:772-776.
95. La Guerche S. Recherches sur les déviations organoleptiques des moÛts et des vins associées au développement de pourritures sur les raisins. Etude particulière de la géosmine 2004, (Thèse de Doctorat), Université Bordeaux 2.
96. La Guerche S., Gracia C., Darriet P., Dubourdieu D., Labarère J. Characterization of Penicillium species isolated from grape berries by their internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) sequences and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of geosmin production. Curr. Microbiol. 2004, 48:405-411.
97. La Guerche S., Chamont S., Blancard D., Dubourdieu D., Darriet P. Origin of (-)-geosmin on grapes: on the complementary action of two fungi, Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2005, 88:131-139.
98. La Guerche S., Dauphin B., Pons M., Blancard D., Darriet P. Characterization of some mushroom and earthy off-odors microbially induced by the development of rot on grapes. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2006, 54:9193-9200.
99. La Guerche S., De Senneville L., Blancard D., Darriet P. Impact of the Botrytis cinerea strain and metabolism on (-)-geosmin production by Penicillium expansum in grape juice. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2007, 92:331-341.
100. Laforgue R., Guérin L., Pernelle J.J., Monet C., Dupont J., Bouix M. Evaluation of PCR-DGGE methodology to monitor fungal communities on grapes. J.Appl. Microbiol. 2009, 107:1208-1218.
101. Larsen T.O., Frisvad J.C. Characterization of volatile metabolites from 47 Penicillium-taxa. Mycol. Res. 1995, 99:1153-1166.
102. Lasram S., Belli N., Chebil S., Nahla Z., Ahmed M., Sanchis V., Ghorbel A. Occurrence of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A in grapes from a Tunisian vineyard. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 114:376-379.
103. Lasram S., Barketi A., Mliki A., Ghorbel A. Growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius at different pHs and grape maturation stages. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2012, 54:418-524.
104. Le Drean G., Mounier J., Vasseur V., Arzur D., Habrylo O., Barbier G. Quantification of Penicillium camemberti and Penicillium roqueforti mycelium by real-time PCR to assess their growth dynamics during ripening cheese. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2010, 138:100-107.
105. Le Roux C., Carsoulle J., Lempereur V., Berger J.L. GoÛts terreux: observation au vignoble et mise au point d'un test prédictif. Rev. Fr. d'Œnol. 2005, 214:7-11.
106. Lee S.L., Taylor J.W. Phylogeny of five like protoctisan Phytophtora species inferred from the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1992, 9:636-653.
107. Leong S.L., Hocking A.D., Pitt J.I. Occurrence of fruit rot fungi (Aspergillus section Nigri) ochratoxin on some drying varieties of irrigated grapes. Australia. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res. 2004, 10:83-88.
108. Leong S.L., Hocking A.D., Pitt J.I., Kazi B.A., Emmett R.W., Scott E.S. Australian research on ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 110:S10-S17.
109. Leong S.L., Hocking A.D., Scott E.S. Aspergillus species producing ochratoxin A: isolation from vineyard soils and infection of Semillon bunches in Australia. J.Appl. Microbiol. 2007, 102:124-133.
110. Lo Curto R., Pellicano T., Vilasi F., Munafo P., Dugo G. Ochratoxin A occurrence in experimental wines in relationship with different pesticide treatments on grapes. Food Chem. 2004, 84:71-75.
111. 2 production by Aspergillus niger grapes and natural occurrence in must. Food Addit. Contam. A 2009, 26:1495-1500.
112. Longland J.M., Sutton T.B. Factors affecting the infection of fruit of Vitisvinifera by the bitter rot pathogen Greeneria uvicola. Phytopathology 2008, 98:580-584.
113. Lucchetta G., Bazzo I., Dal Cortivo G., Stringher L., Bellotto D., Borgo M., Angelini E. Occurrence of black aspergilli and ochratoxin A on grapes in Italy. Toxins 2010, 2:840-855.
114. Magnoli C., Violante M., Combina M., Palacio G., Dalcero A.M. Mycoflora and ochratoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus section Nigri in wine grapes in Argentina. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2003, 37:179-184.
115. Magnoli C., Astoreca A., Ponsone L., Combina M., Palacio G., Rosa C.A.R., Dalcero A.M. Survey of mycoflora and ochratoxin A in dried vine fruits from Argentina markets. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2004, 39:326-331.
116. Marasas W.F.O. Discovery and occurrence of the fumonisins. A historical perspective. Environ. Health Perspect. 2001, 109:239-243.
117. Marek P., Annamalai T., Venkitanarayanan K. Detection of Penicillium expansum by polymerase chain reaction. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2003, 89:139-144.
118. Martínez-Culebras P.V., Ramón D. An ITS-RFLP method to identify black Aspergillus isolates responsible for OTA contamination in grapes and wine. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 113:147-153.
119. Martínez-Culebras P.V., Crespo-Sempere A., Sanchez-Hervas M., Elizaquivel P., Aznar R., Ramón D. Molecular characterization of the black Aspergillus isolates responsible for OTA contamination in grapes and wine in relation to taxonomy of Aspergillus section Nigri. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 132:33-41.
120. Mattheis J.P., Roberts R.G. Identification of geosmin as a volatile metabolite of Penicillium expansum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1992, 58:3170-3172.
121. Maulani S., Hosseini S.M., Elikaie A., Mirnurollahi S.M. Isolated microorganisms from Iranian grapes and its derivatives. Iran. J. Microbiol. 2012, 4:25-29.
122. Medina A., Mateo R., Laura Lopez-Ocana L., Valle-Algarra F.M., Jimenez M. Study of spanish grape mycobiota and ochratoxin A production by isolates of Aspergillus tubingensis and other members of Aspergillus section Nigri. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2005, 71:4696-4702.
123. Melki Ben Fredj S., Chebil S., Lebrihi A., Lasram S., Ghorbel A., Mliki A. Occurrence of pathogenic fungal species in Tunisian vineyard. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 113:245-250.
124. Melki Ben Fredj S., Chebil S., Mliki A. Isolation and characterization of ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 producing fungi infecting grapevines cultivated in Tunisia. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2009, 3:523-527.
125. Melksham K.J., Weckert M.A., Steel C.C. An unusual bunch rot of grapes in sub-tropical regions of Anstralia caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Australas. Plant Pathol. 2002, 31:193-194.
126. Mikusova P., Ritieni A., Santini A., Juhasova G., Srobarova A. Contamination by moulds of grape berries in Slovakia. Food Addit. Contam. 2010, 27:738-747.
127. Mikusova P., Srobarova A., Sulyok M., Santini A. Fusarium fungi and associated metabolites presence on grapes from Slovakia. Mycotoxin Res. 2013, 29:97-102.
128. Mogensen J.M., Frisvad J.C., Thrane U., Nielsen K.F. Production of fumonisin B2 and B4 by Aspergillus niger on grapes and raisins. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58:954-958.
129. Morales-Valle H., Silva L.C., Paterson R.R., Oliviera J.M., Venacio A., Lima N. Microextraction and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for improved analysis of geosmin and other fungal « off » volatiles in grape juice. J.Microbiol. Methods 2010, 83:48-52.
130. Morales-Valle H., Silva L.C., Paterson R.R., Venacio A., Lima N. Effects of the origins of Botrytis cinerea on earthy aromas from grape broth media further inoculated with Penicillium expansum. Food Microbiol. 2011, 28:1048-1053.
131. Mule G., Susca A., Logrieco A., Stea G., Visconti A. Development of a quantitative real-time PCR assay for the detection of Aspergillus cabonarius in grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S28-S34.
132. Mundy D.C., Casonato S.G., Manning M.A. Incidence of Fungi Isolated from Grape Trunks in New Zealand Vineyards 2009, 86. The Australasian Plant Pathology Society, New Castle City Hall NSW Australia.
133. Mundy D.C., Agnew R.H., Wood P.N. Grape tendrils as an inoculum source of Botrytis cinerea in vineyards-a review. N.Z. Plant Prot. 2012, 65:218-227.
134. Nair N.G. Fungi associated with bunch rot of grapes in the Hunter Valley. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 1985, 36:435-442.
135. Nair N.G., Nadtotchei A. Sclerotia of Botrytis as a source of primary inoculum for bunch rot of grapes in New-South-Wales, Australia. J.Phytopathol. 1987, 119:42-51.
136. O'Callaghan J., Caddick M.X., Dobson A.D.W., Dobson A.D.W. Apolyketide synthase gene required for ochratoxin A biosynthesis in Aspergillus ochraceus. Microbiology 2003, 149:3485-3491.
137. Oliveri C., Torta L., Catara V. Apolyphasic approach to the identification of ochratoxin A-producing black Aspergillus isolates from vineyards in Sicily. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2008, 127:147-154.
138. Ough C.S., Corison C.A. Measurement of patulin in grapes and wines. J.Food Sci. 1980, 45:476-478.
139. Palumbo J.D., O'Keeffe T.J., Vasquez S.J., Mahoney N.E. Isolation and identification of ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus section Nigri strains from California raisins. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2011, 52:330-336.
140. Paterson R.R.M., Venincio A., Lima N. Why do food and drink smell like earth?. Communicating Current Research and Educational Topics and Trends in Applied Microbiology 2007, 120-128. A. Mendez-Vilas (Ed.).
141. Paterson R.R.M., Lima N. Further mycotoxin effects from climate change. Food Res. Int. 2011, 44:2555-2566.
142. Patiño B., González-Salgado A., González-Jaén M.T., Vázquez C. PCR detection assays for the ochratoxin-producing Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus ochraceus species. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2005, 104:207-214.
143. Perrone G., Susca A., Epifani F., Mulè G. AFLP characterization of southern Europe population of Aspergillus section Nigri from grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2004, 111:S22-S27.
144. Pickering A., Katthik D., Inglis M., Sears M., Ker K. Determination of ortho- and retronasal detection thresholds for 2-Isopropyl-3-Methoxypyrazine in wine. J.Food Sci. 2007, 72:468-472.
145. Pitt J.I., Hocking A.D. Fungi and Food Spoilage 1997, Blackie Academic and Professional, London. second ed.
146. Pitt J.I., Hocking A.D. Mycotoxins in Australia: biocontrol of aflatoxin in peanuts. Mycopathologia 2006, 162:233-243.
147. Polak E.H., Provasi J. Odor sensitivity to geosmin enantomiers. Chem. Sens. 1992, 17:23-26.
148. Ponsone M.L., Combina M., Dalcero A., Chulze S. Ochratoxin A and ochratoxigenic Aspergillus species in Argentinean wine grapes cultivated under organic and non-organic systems. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2007, 114:131-135.
149. Ponsone M.L., Chiotta M.L., Combina M., Dalcero A., Chluze S. Biocontrol as a strategy to reduce the impact of ochratoxin A and Aspergillus section Nigri in grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2011, 151:70-77.
150. Ribéreau-Gayon P., Glories Y., Maujean A., Dubourdieu D. Traité d'œnologie. Chimie du vin, stabilisation et traitements 2004, Tome 2. Dunod/La Vigne Ed, Paris. fifth ed.
151. Roesch L.F.W., Fulthorpe R.R., Riva A., Casella G., Hadwin A.K.M., Kent A.D., et al. Pyrosequencing enumerates and contrasts soil microbial diversity. ISME J. 2007, 1:283-290.
152. Rohmer M., Knani M., Simonin P., Sutter B., Sham H. -Isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria: a novel pathway for the early steps leading to isopentenyl diphosphate. Biochem. J. 1993, 295:517-527.
153. Sage L., Krivobok S., Delbos E., Seigle-Murandi F., Creppy E.E. Fungal flora and ochratoxin A production in grapes and musts from France. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50:1306-1311.
154. Sage L., Garon D., Eigle-Murandi F. Fungal microflora and ochratoxin a risk in French vineyards. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2004, 52:5764-5768.
155. Samson R.A., Frisvad J.C. Penicillium subgenus Penicillium: new taxonomic schemes and mycotoxins and other extrolites. Stud. Mycol. 2004, 49:234.
156. Samson R.A., Seifert K.A., Kuijpers A.F.A., Houbraken J.A.M.P., Frisvad J.C. Phylogenetic analysis of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium using partial β-tubulin sequences. Stud. Mycol. 2004, 49:175-200.
157. Schulz S., Dickschat J.S. Bacterial volatiles: the smell of small organisms. Nat. Prod. Rep. 2006, 24:814-842.
158. Scott P.M., Fuleki T., Harwig J. Patulin content of juice and wine produced from moldy grapes. J.Agric. Food Chem. 1977, 25:434-437.
159. Scott P.M. Recent research on fumonisins: a review. Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess. 2012, 29:242-248.
160. Seifert K.A., Samson R.A., Dewaard J.R., Houbraken J., Levesque C.A., Moncalvo J.M., Louis-Seize G., Hebert P.D.N. Prospects for fungus identification using CO1 DNA barcodes with Penicillium as a test case. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2007, 104:3901-3906.
161. Selma V.M., Martinez-Culebras P.V., Aznar R. Real-time based procedures for detection and quantification of Aspergillus carbonarius in vine grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2008, 122:126-134.
162. Selma V.M., Martinez-Culebras P.V., Elizaquivel P., Aznar R. Simultaneous detection of the main black aspergilli responsible fot ochratoxin (OTA) contamination in grapes by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. Food Addit. Contam. 2009, 26:180-188.
163. Selouane A., Bouya D., Lebrihi A., Bouseta A. Impact of some environmental factors on growth and production of ochratoxin A of/by Aspergillus tubingensis, A. niger and A.carbonarius isolated from Moroccan grapes. J.Microbiol. 2009, 47:411-419.
164. Serra R., Abrunhosa L., Kozakiewicz Z., Venancio A. Black Aspergillus species as ochratoxin A producers in Portuguese wine grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2003, 88:63-68.
165. Serra R., Bragab A., Venâncio A. Mycotoxin-producing and other fungi isolated from grapes for wine production, with particular emphasis on ochratoxin A. Res. Microbiol. 2005, 156:515-521.
166. Serra R., Lourenço A., Alipio P., Venancio A. Influence of the region of origin on the mycobiota of grapes with emphasis on Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Mycol. Res. 2006, 110:971-978.
167. Simpson E.H. Measurement of species diversity. Nature 1949, 163:688.
168. Simpson R.F. Cork taint in wine: a review of causes. Aust. N. Z. Wine Ind. J. 1990, 5:286-296.
169. Skouboe P., Frisvad J.C., Taylor J.W., Lauritsen D., Boysen M., Rossen L. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences from the ITS region of terverticillate Penicillium species. Mycol. Res. 1999, 103:873-881.
170. Smit E., Leeflang P., Glandorf B., Van Elsas J.D., Wernars K. Analysis of fungal diversity in the wheat rhizosphere by sequencing of cloned PCR-amplified genes encoding 18S rRNA and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1999, 65:2614-2621.
171. Somma S., Perrone G., Logrieco A. Diversity of black Aspergilli and mycotoxin risks in grape, wine and dried vine fruits. Phytopathol. Med. 2012, 51:131-147.
172. Spadaro D., Patharajan S., Kartikeyan M., Lorè A., Garibaldi A., Gullino M.L. Specific PCR primers for the detection of isolates of Aspergillus carbonarius producing ochratoxin A on grapevine. Ann. Microbiol. 2010, 61:267-272.
173. Spadaro D., Patharajan S., Lorè A., Garibaldi A., Gullino M.L. Ochratoxigenic black species of Aspergilli in grape fruits of Northern Italy identified by an improved PCR-RFLP procedure. Toxins 2012, 4:42-54.
174. Steel C.C., Greer L.A., Savocchia S. Studies on Colletotrichum acutatum and Greeneria uvicola: two fungi associated with bunch rot of grapes in sub-tropical Australia. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res. 2007, 13:23-29.
175. Steel C.C., Blackman J.W., Schmidtke M. Grapevine Bunch Rots: Impacts on wine composition, quatilty and potential procedures for the removal of wine faults. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2013, 61:5189-5206.
176. Subden R.E., Husnik J.L., vn Twest R., van der Merwe G., van Vuuren H.J.J. Autochtonous microbial population in a Niagara Peninsula icewine must. Food Res. Int. 2003, 36:747-751.
177. Susca A., Proctor R.H., Mulé G., Stea G., Ritieni A., Logrieco A., Moretti A. Correlation of mycotoxin Fumonisin B(2), production and presence of the Fumonisin biosynthetic gene fum8 in Aspergillus niger from grape. J.Agric. Food Chem. 2010, 58:9266-9272.
178. Tjamos S.E., Antoniou P.P., Kazantzidou A., Antonopoulos D.F., Papageorgiou I., Tjamos E.C. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus carbonarius in Corinth raisin and wine-producing vineyards in Greece: population composition ochratoxin A production and chemical control. J.Phytopathol. 2004, 152:250-255.
179. Tjamos S.E., Antoniou P.P., Tjamos E.C. Aspergillus spp., distribution, population composition and ochratoxin A production in wine producing vineyards in Greece. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 111:S61-S66.
180. Tournas V.H., Katsoudas E. Mould and yeast flora in fresh berries, grapes and citrus fruits. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2005, 105:11-17.
181. Uyovbisere E., Alabi O., Akpa A.D., Chindo P.S. Seasonality of the mycoflora on the crown disease complex of the vegetative organs of the grapevine Vitis vinifera var Anap-e-Shahe. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2007, 6:544-552.
182. Vacher B., Pons M., Dauphin B., La Guerche S., Blancard D., Sauris P., Darriet P. Déviations organoleptiques des moÛts et des vins associées aux pourritures des raisins. Rev. Oenol. 2008, 129:9-13.
183. Valero A., Begum M., Leong L., Hocking A.D., Ramos A.J., Sanchis V. Effect of germicidal UVC light on fungi isolated from grapes and raisins. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 2007, 45:238-243.
184. Van Der Merwe K.J., Steyn P.S., Fourie L., De Scott B., Theron J.J. Ochratoxin A, a toxic metabolite produced by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilh. Nature (London) 1965, 205:1112.
185. Van Niekerk J.M., Groenewald J.Z., Verkley G.J., Fourie P.H., Wingfield M.J., Crous P.W. Systematic reappraisal of Coniella and Pilidiella, with specific reference to species occurring on Eucayptus and Vitis in South Africa. Mycol. Res. 2004, 108:283-303.
186. Varga J., Kocsube S., Toth B., Frisvad J.C., Perrone G., Susca A., Meijer M., Samson R.A. Aspergillus brasiliensis sp nov., a biseriate black Aspergillus species with world-wide distribution. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2007, 57:1925-1932.
187. Wanner P., Tressi R. Purification and characterization of two enone reductases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur. J. Biochem. 1998, 255:271-278.
188. White T.J., Bruns T., Lee S., Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungi ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR Protocols. A Guide to Methods and Applications 1990, 315-322. Academic Press, San Diego. M.A. Innis, D.H. Gelfand, J.J. Ninsky, T.J. White (Eds.).
189. Will C., Thurmer A., Wollherr A., Nacke H., Herold N., Schrumpf M., et al. Horizon-specific bacterial community composition of German grassland soils, as revealed by pyrosequencing-based analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2010, 76:6751-6759.
190. Wilson L.G. Inhibition and facilitation of nucleic acid amplification. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1997, 63:3741-3751.
191. Xufre A., Albergaria H., Inacio J., Spencer-Martins I., Girio F. Application of fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to the analysis of yeast population dynamics in winery and laboratory grape must fermentations. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2006, 108:376-384.
192. Zott K., Claisse O., Lucas R., Coulon J., Lonvaud-Funel A., Masneuf-Pomarede I. Charactérization of the yeast ecosystem in grape must and wine using real-time PCR. Food Microbiol. 2010, 27:559-567.
193. Zycha H., Siepmann R. Mucorales 1969, 355. Cramer.
194. Zimmerli B., Dick R. Ochratoxin A in table wine and grape-juice: occurrence and risk assessment. Food Addit. Contam. 1996, 13:655-668.