Regulation of cell proliferation by Smad proteins

Journal of Cellular Physiology

Volumn 191, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 1-16

  Dijke, Peter Ten ^a   Goumans, Marie José ^a   Itoh, Fumiko ^a   Itoh, Susumu ^a  

^a NETHERLANDS CANCER INSTITUTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; DNA BINDING PROTEIN; SMAD PROTEIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

ANIMAL CELL; APOPTOSIS; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL CYCLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; REVIEW; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION; TUMOR CELL;

ANIMALS; CELL DIVISION; CELLS; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; HUMANS; MICE; MICE, KNOCKOUT; MUTATION; NEOPLASMS; RECEPTORS, TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; SMAD PROTEINS; TRANS-ACTIVATORS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC;

EID: 0036189844     PISSN: 00219541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10066     Document Type: Review

References (227)

1. Induction of inhibitory Smad6 and Smad7 mRNA by TGF-β family members
2. c-Ski acts as a transcriptional co-repressor in transforming growth factor-β signaling through interaction with Smads
3. Overexpression of the c-Myc oncoprotein blocks the growth-inhibitory response but is required for the mitogenic effects of transforming growth factor β1
4. TGF-β-induced repression of CBFA1 by Smad3 decreases cbfal and osteocalcin expression and inhibits osteoblast differentiation
5. Mice lacking Smad3 show accelerated wound healing and an impaired local inflammatory response
6. Smads as transcriptional co-modulators
7. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase function is required for transforming growth factor β-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cell migration
8. Transforming growth factor-β1 mediates epithelial to mesenchymal transdifferentiation through a RhoA-dependent mechanism
9. A mechanism of suppression of TGF-β/SMAD signaling by NF-κB/RelA
10. Role of transforming growth factor β in human disease
11. TGF-β induces assembly of a Smad2-Smurf2 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets SnoN for degradation
12. Efficient TGF-β induction of the Smad7 gene requires cooperation between AP-1, Sp1, and Smad proteins on the mouse Smad7 promoter
13. Phosphatidylinositol(3)-phosphate signaling mediated by specific binding to RING FYVE domains
14. Smad4/DPC4 silencing and hyperactive Ras jointly disrupt transforming growth factor-β antiproliferative responses in colon cancer cells
15. The L3 loop and C-terminal phosphorylation jointly define Smad protein trimerization
16. A zinc-finger transcription factor induced by TGF-β promotes apoptotic cell death in epithelial Mv1Lu cells
17. Smad5 is required for mouse primordial germ cell development
18. Smad5 knockout mice die at mid-gestation due to multiple embryonic and extraembryonic defects
19. Smad5 is essential for left-right asymmetry in mice
20. A transcriptional partner for MAD proteins in TGF-β signalling
21. Interaction of Smad3 with a proximal smad-binding element of the human α2(I) procollagen gene promoter required for transcriptional activation by TGF-β
22. Defective repression of c-myc in breast cancer cells: A loss at the core of the transforming growth factor β growth arrest program
23. Bcl-xL blocks transforming growth factor-β1-induced apoptosis by inhibiting cytochrome c release and not by directly antagonizing apaf-1-dependent caspase activation in prostate epithelial cells
24. The two-handed E box binding zinc finger protein SIP1 downregulates E-cadherin and induces invasion
25. Functional analysis of the transforming growth factor β responsive elements in the WAF1/Cip1/p21 promoter
26. Targeted disruption of Smad3 reveals an essential role in transforming growth factor-β mediated signal transduction
27. The role of TGF-β signaling in cancer
28. The Smad4 activation domain (SAD) is a proline-rich, p300-dependent transcriptional activation domain
29. Direct binding of Smad3 and Smad4 to critical TGFβ-inducible elements in the promoter of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1 gene
30. A short amino acid sequence in MH1 domain is responsible for functional differences between Smad2 and Smad3
31. c-Jun inhibits transforming growth factor β-mediated transcription by repressing Smad3 transcriptional activity
32. Smads: Transcriptional activators of TGF-β responses
33. TGF-β signaling in tumor suppression and cancer progression
34. Microtubule binding to Smads may regulate TGFβ activity
35. BF-1 interferes with transforming growth factor β signaling by associating with Smad partners
36. Smurf1 interacts with transforming growth factor-β type I receptor through Smad7 and induces receptor degradation
37. MADR2 maps to 18q21 and encodes a TGFβ-regulated MAD-related protein that is functionally mutated in colorectal carcinoma
38. The tumor suppressor Smad4/DPC4 and transcriptional adaptor CBP/p300 are coactivators for Smad3 in TGF-β-induced transcriptional activation
39. Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 cooperate with Sp1 to induce p15Ink4B transcription in response to TGF-β
40. Transforming growth factor-β1 induces apoptosis independently of p53 and selectively reduces expression of Bcl-2 in multipotent hematopoietic cells
41. Ligand-dependent degradation of Smad3 by a ubiquitin ligase complex of roc1 and associated proteins
42. Axin facilitates Smad3 activation in the transforming growth factor β signaling pathway
43. A role for Smad6 in development and homeostasis of the cardiovascular system
44. FYVE fingers bind PtdIns 3)P
45. Homeodomain and winged-helix transcription factors recruit activated Smads to distinct promoter elements via a common Smad interaction motif
46. The role for transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in human cancer
47. Functional analysis of the TGFβ receptor/Smad pathway through gene ablation in mice
48. Physical and functional interactions between type I transforming growth factor β receptocs and Bα, a WD-40 repeat subunit of p hosphatase 2A
49. Tumor microsatellite instability and clinical outcome in young patients with colorectal cancer
50. Identification of a family of sorting nex n molecules and characterization of their association with receptors
51. DPC4, a candidate tumor suppressor gene at human chromosome 18q21.1
52. Interaction and functional cooperation of PEBP2/CBF with Smads. Synergistic induction of the immunoglobulin germline Cα promoter
53. Smad6 inhibits BMP/Smad1 signaling by specifically competing with the Smad4 tumor suppressor
54. TCF-β signaling and cancer: Structural and functional consequences of mutations in Smads
55. The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGFβ receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGFβ signaling
56. TGF-β signalling from cell membrane to nucleus through SMAD proteins
57. Postgastrulation Srnad2-deficient embryos show defects in embryo turning and anterior morphogenesis
58. TGF-β induces fibronectin synthesis through a c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent, Smad4-independent pathway
59. The adaptor molecule Disabled-2 links the transforming growth factor β receptors to the Smad pathway
60. Mutations in the SMAD4/DPC4 gene in juvenile polyposis
61. Repression of the CDK activator Cdc25A and cell-cycle arrest by cytokine TGF-β in cells lacking the CDK inhibitor p15
62. E2F and histone deacetylase mediate transforming growth factor β repression of cdc25A during keratinocyte cell cycle arrest
63. Smad6 inhibits signalling by the TGF-β superfamily
64. Smad6 is a Smad1/5-induced Smad inhibitor. Characterization of bone morphogenetic protein-responsive element in the mouse Smad6 promoter
65. Smad7 is an activin-inducible inhibitor of activin-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in mouse B cells
66. Differential inhibition of Smad6 and Smad7 on bone morphogenetic protein- and activin-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis in B cells
67. Transforming growth factor β1 induces nuclear export of inhibitory Smad7
68. The transcriptional co-activator P/CAF potentiates TGF-β/Smad signaling
69. Signaling of transforming growth factor-β family members through Smad proteins
70. Promoting bone morphogenetic protein signaling through negative regulation of inhibitory Smads
71. The FWE domain in Smad anchor for receptor activation (SARA) is sufficient for localization of SARA in early endosomes and regulates TGF-β/Smad-signalling
72. The corepressor CtBP interacts with Evi-1 to repress transforming growth factor β signaling
73. TGF-β induces apoptosis through Smad-mediated expression of DAP-kinase
74. TGF-β-stimulated cooperation of Smad proteins with the coactivators CBP/p300
75. Distinct oligomeric states of SMAD proteins in the transforming growth factor-β pathway
76. Interaction of Smad complexes with tripartite DNA-binding sites
77. Functional mapping of the MH1 DNA-binding domain of DPC4/SMAD4
78. Identification and functional characterization of a Smad binding element (SBE) in the JunB promoter that acts as a transforming growth factor-β, activin, and bone morphogenetic protein-inducible enhancer
79. Smad7 binds to Smurf2 to form an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets the TGFβ receptor for degradation
80. Smad proteins exist as monomers in vivo and undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization upon activation by serine/threonine kinase receptors
81. Id3 inhibits B lymphocyte progenitor growth and survival in response to TGF-β
82. Drosophila Mad binds to DNA and directly mediates activation of vestigial by Decapentaplegic
83. A novel Smad nuclear interacting protein (SNIP1) suppresses p300-dependent TGF-β signal transduction
84. Caspase-mediated Cdk2 activation is a critical step to execute transforming growth factor-β1-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells
85. Opposing BMP and EGF signalling pathways converge on the TGF-β family mediator Smad1
86. A mechanism of repression of TGFβ/Smad signaling by oncogenic Ras
87. Transforming growth factor-β induces nuclear import of Smad3 in an importin-β1 and Ran-dependent manner
88. The oncoprotein Evi-1 represses TGF-β signalling by inhibiting Smad3
89. The t(3;21) fusion product, AML1/Evi-1, interacts With Smad3 and blocks transforming growth factor-β-mediated growth inhibition of myeloid cells
90. Characterization of a bone morphogenetic protein-responsive Smad-binding element
91. Smad2 and Smad3 positively and negatively regulate TGFβ-dependent transcription through the forkhead DNA-binding protein FAST2
92. Association of Smads with lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1/T cell-specific factor mediates cooperative signaling by the transforming growth factor-β and Wnt pathways
93. Smad7 inhibits the survival nuclear factor B and potentiates apoptosis in epithelial cells
94. Smad7 mediates apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor β in prostatic carcinoma cells
95. A novel mitochondrial septin-like protein, ARTS, mediates apoptosis dependent on its P-loop motif
96. Roles of pathway-specific and inhibitory Smads in activin receptor signaling
97. Raf induces TGFβ production while blocking its apoptotic but not invasive responses: A mechanism leading to increased malignancy in epithelial cells
98. INK4B through an Sp1 consensus site
99. Smads bind directly to the Jun family of AP-1 transcription factors
100. An essential role for Mad homology domain 1 in the association of Smad3 with histone deacetylase activity
101. Regulation of transcription of the germline Ig α constant region gene by an ATF element and by novel transforming growth factor-β1-responsive elements
102. Smurf2 Is a ubiquitin E3 ligase mediating proteasome-dependent degradation of Smad2 in transforming growth factor-β signaling
103. A human Mad protein acting as a BMP-regulated transcriptional activator
104. Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of TGF-β-activated Smad2
105. Epidermal growth factor signaling via Ras controls the Smad transcriptional co-repressor TGIF
106. The Ski oncoprotein interacts with the Smad proteins to repress TGFβ signaling
107. Tumor suppressor activity of the TGF-β pathway in human cancers
108. TGF-β signal transduction
109. How cells read TGF-β signals
110. Controlling TGF-β signaling
111. Transcriptional control by the TGF-β/Smad signaling system
112. TGFβ signaling in growth control, cancer, and heritable disorders
113. Identification of two Smad4 proteins in Xenopus. Their common and distinct properties
114. Evidence for a role of the JNK cascade in Smad7-mediated apoptosis
115. The interaction of the carboxyl terminus-binding protein with the Smad corepressor TGIF is disrupted by a holoprosencephaly mutation in TGIF
116. TGF-β induced transdifferentiation of mammary epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells: Involvement of type I receptors
117. Hgs (Hrs), a FYVE domain protein, is involved in Smad signaling through cooperation with SARA
118. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I oncoprotein tax represses Smad-dependent transforming growth factor β signaling through interaction with CREB-binding protein/p300
119. Functional consequences of tumorigenic missense mutations in the amino-terminal domain of Smad4
120. Expression of bcl-2 and hax in TGF-β1-induced apoptosis of L1210 leukemic cells
121. Regulation of Smad7 promoter by direct association with Smad3 and Smad4
122. Identifcation of Smad7, a TGFβ-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signalling
123. Synergistic signaling in fetal brain by STAT3-Smad1 complex bridged by p300
124. Role of p300, a transcriptional coactivator, in signalling of TGF-β
125. E1A inhibits transforming growth factor-β signaling through binding to Smad proteins
126. Interaction between Wnt and TGF-β signalling pathways during formation of Spemann's organizer
127. Smad2 role in mesoderm formation, left-right patterning and craniofacial development
128. TGF-β1 and Ha-Ras collaborate in modulating the phenotypic plasticity and invasiveness of epithelial tumor cells
129. TGFβ signaling is necessary for carcinoma cell invasiveness and metastasis
130. Mechanism of apoptotic cell death of human gastric carcinoma cells mediated by transforming growth factor β
131. New developments for TGFβ
132. Smad and AML proteins synergistically confer transforming growth factor β1 responsiveness to human germ-line IgA genes
133. Wafl/Cip1 regulation by transforming growth factor-β
134. Sorting nexin 6, a novel SNX, interacts with the transforming growth factor-β family of receptor serine-threonine kinases
135. Role of transforming growth factor β in cancer
136. Smad7 is induced by CD40 and protects WEHI 231 B-lymphocytes from transforming growth factor-β-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis
137. A functional PtdIns(3)P-binding motif
138. Activation of Smad1-mediated transcription by p300/CBP
139. TGF-β-induced apoptosis is mediated by the adapter protein Daxx that facilitates JNK activation
140. c-Jun interacts with the corepressor TG-interacting factor (TGIF) to suppress Smad2 transcriptional activity
141. 1 arrest
142. TGFβ type I receptor/ALK-5 and Smad proteins mediate epithelial to mesenchymal transdifferentiation in NMuMG breast epithelial cells
143. Functional characterization of transforming growth factor β signaling in Smad2- and Smad3-deficient fibroblasts
144. Transforming growth factor β-independent shuttling of Smad4 between the cytoplasm and nucleus
145. Transforming growth factor β is essential for spindle cell conversion of mouse skin carcinoma in vivo: Implications for tumor invasion
146. Physical and functional interaction of SMADs and p300/CBP
147. Evidence that Smad2 is a tumor suppressor implicated in the control of cellular invasion
148. Crystal structure of a transcriptionally active Smad4 fragment
149. Structural and functional characterization of the transforming growth factor-β-induced Smad3/c-Jun transcriptional cooperativity
150. Ultraviolet irradiation blocks cellular responses to transforming growth factor-β by down-regulating its type-II receptor and inducing Smad7
151. Caveolin-1 regulates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/SMAD signaling through an interaction with the TGF-β type I receptor
152. The transforming growth factor β1-inducible transcription factor TIEG1, mediates apoptosis through oxidative stress
153. Mad-related genes in the human
154. Frequency of Smad gene mutations in human cancers
155. The transforming growth factor-βs
156. Functional cloning of the proto-oncogene brain factor-1 (BF-1) as a Smad-binding antagonist of transforming growth factor-β signaling
157. Oncogenic Ras represses transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling by degrading tumor suppressor Smad4
158. Filamin associates with Smads and regulates transforming growth factor-β signaling
159. Apoptosis in podocytes induced by TGF-β and Smad7
160. DPC4 gene in various tumor types
161. INK4b
162. TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 regulates its interaction with coactivator p300/CREB-binding protein
163. The activity of guanine exchange factor NET1 is essential for transforming growth factor-β-mediated stress fiber formation
164. Structural insights on Smad function in TGFβ signaling
165. A structural basis for mutational inactivation of the tumour suppressor Smad4
166. Crystal structure of a Smad MH1 domain bound to DNA: Insights on DNA binding in TGF-β signaling
167. Smad1 interacts with homeobox DNA-binding proteins in bone morphogenetic protein signaling
168. Hoxa-9 represses transforming growth factor-β-induced osteopontin gene transcription
169. TAB1: An activator of the TAK1 MAPKKK in TGF-β signal transduction
170. Transcriptional activating activity of Smad4: Roles of SMAD heterooligomerization and enhancement by an associating transactivator
171. The tumor suppressor gene Smad4/Dpc4 is required for gastrulation and later for anterior development of the mouse embryo
172. Targeted disruption in murine cells reveals variable requirement for Smad4 in transforming growth factor β-related signaling
173. Physical and functional interaction of murine and Xenopus Smad7 with bone morphogenetic protein receptors and transforming growth factor-β receptors
174. INK4b expression by Myc through association with Miz-1
175. Negative feedback regulation of TGF-β signaling by the SnoN oncoprotein
176. Interaction of the Ski oncoprotein with Smad3 regulates TGF-β signaling
177. SnoN and Ski protooncoproteins are rapidly degraded in response to transforming growth factor β signaling
178. Somatic alterations of the SMAD-2 gene in human colorectal cancers
179. Intestinal tumorigenesis in compound mutant mice of both Dpc4 (Smad4) and Apc genes
180. Gastric and duodenal polyps in Smad4 (Dpc4) knockout mice
181. Induction of Smad6 mRNA by bone morphogenetic proteins
182. Induction of platelet-derived growth factor B-chain expression by transforming growth factor-β involves transactivation by Smads
183. Evaluation of candidate tumour suppressor genes on chromosome 18 in colorectal cancers
184. CREB binding protein is a required coactivator for Smad-dependent, transforming growth factor β transcriptional responses in endothelial cells
185. Mouse embryos lacking Smadl signals display defects in extra-embryonic tissues and germ cell formation
186. SARA, a FYVE domain protein that recruits Smad2 to the TGFβ receptor
187. Somatic in vivo alterations of the JV18-1 gene at 18q21 in human lung cancers
188. Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β/SMAD signalling by the interferon-γ/STAT pathway
189. Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibits transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling in human dermal fibroblasts via AP-1 activation
190. Induction of the AP-1 members c-Jun and JunB by TGFβ/Smad suppresses early Smad-driven gene activation
191. Smad3/AP-1 interactions control transcriptional responses to TGF-β in a promoter-specific manner
192. SMAD3/4-dependent transcriptional activation of the human type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) promoter by transforming growth factor β
193. Smad2 signaling in extraembryonic tissues determines anterior-posterior polarity of the early mouse embryo
194. Activation of the hematopoietic progenitor kinase-1 (HPK1)-dependent, stress-activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-activated kinase (TAK1), a kinase mediator of TGF β signal transduction
195. Regulation of intracellular dynamics of Smad4 by its leucine-rich nuclear export signal
196. Failure of egg cylinder elongation and mesoderm induction in mouse embryos lacking the tumor suppressor Smad2
197. A Smad transcriptional corepressor
198. Multiple modes of repression by the Smad transcriptional corepressor TGIF
199. The Smad transcriptional corepressor TGIF recruits mSin3
200. Structural basis of Smad2 recognition by the Smad anchor for receptor activation
201. Formation of a stable heterodimer between Smad2 and Smad4
202. Transforming growth factor-β receptor-associated protein 1 is a Smad4 chaperone
203. A distinct nuclear localization signal in the N terminus of Smad 3 determines its ligand-induced nuclear translocation
204. Importin β mediates nuclear translocation of Smad 3
205. Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Smad1 conferred by its nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
206. Mutations in the tumor suppressors Smad2 and Smad4 inactivate transforming growth factor β signaling by targeting Smads to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
207. The nuclear import function of Smad2 is masked by SARA and unmasked by TGFβ-dependent phosphorylation
208. Haploid loss of the tumor suppressor Smad4/Dpc4 initiates gastric polyposis and cancer in mice
209. Alternatively-spliced variant of Smad2 lacking exon 3: Comparison with wild-type Smad2 and Smad3
210. The MSG1 non-DNA-binding transactivator binds to the p300/CBP coactivators, enhancing their functional link to the Smad transcription factors
211. Identification of a member of the MAPKKK family as a potential mediator of TGF-β signal transduction
212. XIAP, a cellular member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, links the receptors to TAB1-TAK1 in the BMP signaling pathway
213. Critical role of Smads and AP-1 complex in transforming growth factor-β-dependent apoptosis
214. Induction of apoptosis by Smad3 and down-regulation of Smad3 expression in response to TGF-β in human normal lung epithehal cells
215. The tumor suppressor SMAD4/DPC4 is essential for epiblast proliferation and mesoderm induction in mice
216. Angiogenesis defects and mesenchymal apoptosis in mice lacking SMAD5
217. Targeted disruption of Smad3 results in impaired mucosal immunity and diminished T cell responsiveness to TGF-β
218. TGF-β/Smad3 signals repress chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation and are required for maintaining articular cartilage
219. TGF-β signaling blockade inhibits PTHrP secretion by breast cancer cells and bone metastases development
220. Genetic programs of epithelial cell plasticity directed by transforming growth factor-β
221. Human Smad3 and Smad4 are sequence-specific transcription activators
222. Transcriptional regulation of the transforming growth factor-β-inducible mouse germ line Igα constant region gene by functional cooperation of Smad, CREB, and AML family members
223. Smad3 and Smad4 cooperate with c-Jun/c-Fos to mediate TGF-β-induced transcription
224. Regulation of Smad degradation and activity by Smurf2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase
225. Smad3 mutant mice develop metastatic colorectal cancer
226. A SMAD ubiquitin ligase targets the BMP pathway and affects embryonic pattern formation
227. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 internalization. Modulation by ligand interaction with TGF-β receptors types I and II and a mechanism that is distinct from clathrin-mediated endocytosis