Nanoparticle-mediated growth factor delivery systems: A new way to treat Alzheimer's disease

Journal of Controlled Release

Volumn 206, Issue , 2015, Pages 187-205

  Lauzon, Marc Antoine ^a   Daviau, Alex ^a   Marcos, Bernard ^a   Faucheux, Nathalie ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Blood brain barrier; Central nervous system; Chitosan; Mass transport; Mathematical modeling; Nanoparticles

Indexed keywords

CHITOSAN; MASS TRANSFER; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NANOPARTICLES;

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS; GROWTH FACTOR DELIVERY; MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORKS; SUSTAINABLE DELIVERY; THERAPEUTIC POTENTIALS; TRANSPORT PHENOMENA;

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES;

BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN 9; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CHITOSAN; GLIAL CELL LINE DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; GROWTH FACTOR; NANOPARTICLE; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROTROPHIN; POLYMER; RIVASTIGMINE; SOMATOMEDIN B; SOMATOMEDIN C; DRUG CARRIER; SIGNAL PEPTIDE;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN CAPILLARY; BRAIN TISSUE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG STABILITY; DRUG TRANSPORT; HUMAN; INJECTION SITE; NANOENCAPSULATION; NONHUMAN; NOSE CAVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SUSTAINED DRUG RELEASE; ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BRAIN; CHEMISTRY; METABOLISM; PROCEDURES;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANIMALS; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN; DRUG CARRIERS; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; HUMANS; INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NANOPARTICLES;

EID: 84947648721     PISSN: 01683659     EISSN: 18734995     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.024     Document Type: Review

References (253)

1. World Health Organization Dementia, A Public Health Priority I 2012 WHO press United Kingdom 1 102
2. S.I. Mota, I.L. Ferreira, and A.C. Rego Dysfunctional synapse in Alzheimer's disease - a focus on NMDA receptors Neuropharmacology 76 2014 16 26
3. S.J. Teipel, T. Meindl, L. Grinberg, M. Grothe, J.L. Cantero, M.F. Reiser, H.J. Moller, H. Heinsen, and H. Hampel The cholinergic system in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: an in vivo MRI and DTI study Hum. Brain Mapp. 32 2011 1349 1362
4. M.J. Parent, M.A. Bedard, A. Aliaga, L. Minuzzi, N. Mechawar, J.P. Soucy, E. Schirrmacher, A. Kostikov, S.G. Gauthier, and P. Rosa-Neto Cholinergic depletion in Alzheimer's disease shown by [(18) F]FEOBV autoradiography Int. J. Mol. Imaging 2013 2013 10.1155/2013/205045
5. S. Sinha, and I. Lieberburg Cellular mechanisms of beta-amyloid production and secretion Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96 1999 11049 11053
6. M.P. Murphy, and H. LeVine III Alzheimer's disease and the amyloid-beta peptide J. Alzheimers Dis. 19 2010 311 323
7. J.C. Augustinack, A. Schneider, E.M. Mandelkow, and B.T. Hyman Specific tau phosphorylation sites correlate with severity of neuronal cytopathology in Alzheimer's disease Acta Neuropathol. 103 2002 26 35
8. A.C. Alonso, I. Grundke-Iqbal, and K. Iqbal Alzheimer's disease hyperphosphorylated tau sequesters normal tau into tangles of filaments and disassembles microtubules Nat. Med. 2 1996 783 787
9. L. Buée, T. Bussière, V. Buée-Scherrer, A. Delacourte, and P.R. Hof Tau protein isoforms, phosphorylation and role in neurodegenerative disorders Brain Res. Rev. 33 2000 95 130
10. L. Sun, S.Y. Liu, X.W. Zhou, X.C. Wang, R. Liu, Q. Wang, and J.Z. Wang Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A- and protein phosphatase 1-induced tau hyperphosphorylation and impairment of spatial memory retention in rats Neuroscience 118 2003 1175 1182
11. T.D. Do, N.J. Economou, A. Chamas, S.K. Buratto, J.E. Shea, and M.T. Bowers Interactions between amyloid-beta and tau fragments promote aberrant aggregates: implications for amyloid toxicity J. Phys. Chem. B 118 2014 11220 11230
12. J. Busciglio, A. Lorenzo, J. Yeh, and B.A. Yankner β-Amyloid fibrils induce tau phosphorylation and loss of microtubule binding Neuron 14 1995 879 888
13. A. Ferreira, Q. Lu, L. Orecchio, and K.S. Kosik Selective phosphorylation of adult tau isoforms in mature hippocampal neurons exposed to fibrillar Aβ Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 9 1997 220 234
14. W.-H. Zheng, S. Bastianetto, F. Mennicken, W. Ma, and S. Kar Amyloid β peptide induces tau phosphorylation and loss of cholinergic neurons in rat primary septal cultures Neuroscience 115 2002 201 211
15. G. Olivero, M. Grilli, J. Chen, S. Preda, E. Mura, S. Govoni, and M. Marchi Effects of soluble beta-amyloid on the release of neurotransmitters from rat brain synaptosomes Front. Aging Neurosci. 6 2014 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00166
16. R.A. Hansen, G. Gartlehner, A.P. Webb, L.C. Morgan, C.G. Moore, and D.E. Jonas Efficacy and safety of donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Clin. Interv. Aging 3 2008 211 225
17. I. Molino, L. Colucci, A.M. Fasanaro, E. Traini, and F. Amenta Efficacy of memantine, donepezil, or their association in moderate-severe Alzheimer's disease: a review of clinical trials ScientificWorldJournal 2013 10.1155/2013/925702
18. A.C. Tricco, C. Soobiah, S. Berliner, J.M. Ho, C.H. Ng, H.M. Ashoor, M.H. Chen, B. Hemmelgarn, and S.E. Straus Efficacy and safety of cognitive enhancers for patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis CMAJ 185 2013 1393 1401
19. R. Vesey, J.M. Birrell, C. Bolton, R.S. Chipperfield, A.D. Blackwell, T.R. Dening, and B.J. Sahakian Cholinergic nicotinic systems in Alzheimer's disease: prospects for pharmacological intervention CNS Drugs 16 2002 485 500
20. E. Giacobini, and G. Gold Alzheimer disease therapy - moving from amyloid-ß to tau Nat. Rev. Neurol. 9 2013 677 686
21. H. Braak, and E. Braak Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes Acta Neuropathol. 82 1991 239 259
22. I. Lopez-Coviella, B. Berse, R. Krauss, R.S. Thies, and J.K. Blusztajn Induction and maintenance of the neuronal cholinergic phenotype in the central nervous system by BMP-9 Science 289 2000 313 316
23. I. Lopez-Coviella, B. Berse, R.S. Thies, and J.K. Blusztajn Upregulation of acetylcholine synthesis by bone morphogenetic protein 9 in a murine septal cell line J. Physiol. Paris 96 2002 53 59
24. I. Lopez-Coviella, T.J. Mellott, A.C. Schnitzler, and J.K. Blusztajn BMP9 protects septal neurons from axotomy-evoked loss of cholinergic phenotype PLoS One 6 2011 10.1371/journal.pone.0021166
25. R.M. Burke, T.A. Norman, T.F. Haydar, B.E. Slack, S.E. Leeman, J.K. Blusztajn, and T.J. Mellott BMP9 ameliorates amyloidosis and the cholinergic defect in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 110 2013 19567 19572
26. J. Freiherr, M. Hallschmid, W.H. Frey II, Y.F. Brunner, C.D. Chapman, C. Holscher, S. Craft, F.G. De Felice, and C. Benedict Intranasal insulin as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease: a review of basic research and clinical evidence CNS Drugs 27 2013 505 514
27. M. Pascual-Lucas, S. Viana da Silva, M. Di Scala, C. Garcia-Barroso, G. Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza, C. Mulle, C.M. Alberini, M. Cuadrado-Tejedor, and A. Garcia-Osta Insulin-like growth factor 2 reverses memory and synaptic deficits in APP transgenic mice EMBO Mol. Med. 6 2014 1246 1262
28. J. Ye, H. Lin, J. Mu, X. Cui, H. Ying, M. Lin, L. Wu, J. Weng, and X. Lin Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on hippocampal cholinergic neurons in a rodent model of ischaemic encephalopathy Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 107 2010 931 939
29. T. Kiyota, K.L. Ingraham, M.T. Jacobsen, H. Xiong, and T. Ikezu FGF2 gene transfer restores hippocampal functions in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and has therapeutic implications for neurocognitive disorders Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 108 2011 10.1073/pnas.1102349108
30. T. Noshita, N. Murayama, T. Oka, R. Ogino, S. Nakamura, and T. Inoue Effect of bFGF on neuronal damage induced by sequential treatment of amyloid β and excitatory amino acid in vitro and in vivo Eur. J. Pharmacol. 695 2012 76 82
31. S.J. Allen, J.J. Watson, D.K. Shoemark, N.U. Barua, and N.K. Patel GDNF, NGF and BDNF as therapeutic options for neurodegeneration Pharmacol. Ther. 138 2013 155 175
32. C. Matrone, M.T. Ciotti, D. Mercanti, R. Marolda, and P. Calissano NGF and BDNF signaling control amyloidogenic route and Abeta production in hippocampal neurons Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105 2008 13139 13144
33. C. Matrone, A. Di Luzio, G. Meli, S. D'Aguanno, C. Severini, M.T. Ciotti, A. Cattaneo, and P. Calissano Activation of the amyloidogenic route by NGF deprivation induces apoptotic death in PC12 Cells J. Alzheimer's Dis. 13 2008 81 96
34. S. Revilla, S. Ursulet, M.J. Alvarez-Lopez, M. Castro-Freira, U. Perpina, Y. Garcia-Mesa, A. Bortolozzi, L. Gimenez-Llort, P. Kaliman, R. Cristofol, C. Sarkis, and C. Sanfeliu Lenti-GDNF gene therapy against Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in 3xTg-AD mice and MC cells CNS Neurosci. Ther 20 2014 961 972
35. N. Kitiyanant, Y. Kitiyanant, C.N. Svendsen, and W. Thangnipon BDNF-, IGF-1- and GDNF-secreting human neural progenitor cells rescue amyloid beta-induced toxicity in cultured rat septal neurons Neurochem. Res. 37 2012 143 152
36. S. Arancibia, M. Silhol, F. Mouliere, J. Meffre, I. Hollinger, T. Maurice, and L. Tapia-Arancibia Protective effect of BDNF against beta-amyloid induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo in rats Neurobiol. Dis. 31 2008 316 326
37. I. Lopez-Coviella, T.M. Mellott, V.P. Kovacheva, B. Berse, B.E. Slack, V. Zemelko, A. Schnitzler, and J.K. Blusztajn Developmental pattern of expression of BMP receptors and Smads and activation of Smad1 and Smad5 by BMP9 in mouse basal forebrain Brain Res. 1088 2006 49 56
38. M. Ford-Perriss, H. Abud, and M. Murphy Fibroblast growth factors in the developing central nervous system Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 28 2001 493 503
39. H.E. Stevens, G.Y. Jiang, M.L. Schwartz, and F.M. Vaccarino Learning and memory depend on fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 functioning in hippocampus Biol. Psychiatry 71 2012 1090 1098
40. S. Dupraz, D. Grassi, D. Karnas, A.F. Nieto Guil, D. Hicks, and S. Quiroga The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor is essential for axonal regeneration in adult central nervous system neurons PLoS One 8 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0054462
41. S. Korsching, G. Auburger, R. Heumann, J. Scott, and H. Thoenen Levels of nerve growth factor and its mRNA in the central nervous system of the rat correlate with cholinergic innervation EMBO J. 4 1985 1389 1393
42. S.P. Lad, K.E. Neet, and E.J. Mufson Nerve growth factor: structure, function and therapeutic implications for Alzheimer's disease Curr. Drug Targets CNS Neurol. Disord. 2 2003 315 334
43. M. Nilbratt, O. Porras, A. Marutle, O. Hovatta, and A. Nordberg Neurotrophic factors promote cholinergic differentiation in human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons J. Cell. Mol. Med. 14 2010 1476 1484
44. M. Hong, and V.M.-Y. Lee Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 regulate tau phosphorylation in cultured human neurons J. Biol. Chem. 272 1997 19547 19553
45. Q. Lv, W. Lan, W. Sun, R. Ye, X. Fan, M. Ma, Q. Yin, Y. Jiang, G. Xu, J. Dai, R. Guo, and X. Liu Intranasal nerve growth factor attenuates tau phosphorylation in brain after traumatic brain injury in rats J. Neurol. Sci. 345 2014 48 55
46. J.J. Lochhead, and R.G. Thorne Intranasal delivery of biologics to the central nervous system Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 64 2012 614 628
47. R.G. Thorne, and C. Nicholson In vivo diffusion analysis with quantum dots and dextrans predicts the width of brain extracellular space Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 2006 5567 5572
48. S.V. Dhuria, L.R. Hanson, and W.H. Frey II Intranasal delivery to the central nervous system: mechanisms and experimental considerations J. Pharm. Sci. 99 2010 1654 1673
49. L. Illum Transport of drugs from the nasal cavity to the central nervous system Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 11 2000 1 18
50. L. Illum Nasal drug delivery - possibilities, problems and solutions J. Control. Release 87 2003 187 198
51. A. Di Stefano, A. Iannitelli, S. Laserra, and P. Sozio Drug delivery strategies for Alzheimer's disease treatment Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 8 2011 581 603
52. R.G. Thorne, G.J. Pronk, V. Padmanabhan, and W.H. Frey II Delivery of insulin-like growth factor-I to the rat brain and spinal cord along olfactory and trigeminal pathways following intranasal administration Neuroscience 127 2004 481 496
53. D.E. Haines The Cell Biology of Neurons and Glia, in: Fundamental Neuroscience for Basic and Clinical Applications Fourth ed 2013 Saunders Elsevier Philadelphia
54. F. Marques, J.C. Sousa, N. Sousa, and J.A. Palha Blood-brain-barriers in aging and in Alzheimer's disease Mol. Neurodegener. 8 2013 10.1186/1750-1326-8-38
55. C. Roney, P. Kulkarni, V. Arora, P. Antich, F. Bonte, A. Wu, N.N. Mallikarjuana, S. Manohar, H.- Liang, A.R. Kulkarni, H.- Sung, M. Sairam, and T.M. Aminabhavi Targeted nanoparticles for drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier for Alzheimer's disease J. Control. Release 108 2005 193 214
56. A.R. Poynton, and J.M. Lane Safety profile for the clinical use of bone morphogenetic proteins in the spine Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 27 2002 S40 8
57. R.Y. Tam, T. Fuehrmann, N. Mitrousis, and M.S. Shoichet Regenerative therapies for central nervous system diseases: a biomaterials approach Neuropsychopharmacology 39 2014 169 188
58. K. Nagpal, S.K. Singh, and D.N. Mishra Chitosan nanoparticles: a promising system in novel drug delivery Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 58 2010 1423 1430
59. C. Giordano, D. Albani, A. Gloria, M. Tunesi, S. Rodilossi, T. Russo, G. Forloni, L. Ambrosio, and A. Cigada Nanocomposites for neurodegenerative diseases: hydrogel-nanoparticle combinations for a challenging drug delivery Int. J. Artif. Organs 34 2011 1115 1127
60. M.A. Lauzon, E. Bergeron, B. Marcos, and N. Faucheux Bone repair: new developments in growth factor delivery systems and their mathematical modeling J. Control. Release 162 2012 502 520
61. J. Siepmann, F. Siepmann, and A.T. Florence Local controlled drug delivery to the brain: mathematical modeling of the underlying mass transport mechanisms Int. J. Pharm. 314 2006 101 119
62. M.-A. Lauzon Modelisation d'un système de libération d'un peptide dérivé de la BMP-9 et étude mécanistique comparative entre la BMP-9 etla BMP-2 2014 1 141
63. D.J. Wolak, and R.G. Thorne Diffusion of macromolecules in the brain: implications for drug delivery Mol. Pharm. 10 2013 1492 1504
64. C. Nicholson, and J.M. Phillips Ion diffusion modified by tortuosity and volume fraction in the extracellular microenvironment of the rat cerebellum J. Physiol. 321 1981 225 257
65. C. Nicholson, and L. Tao Hindered Diffusion of high molecular weight compounds in brain extracellular microenvironment measured with integrative optical imaging Biophys. J. 65 1993 2277 2290
66. E.A. Salegio, H. Streeter, N. Dube, P. Hadaczek, L. Samaranch, A.P. Kells, W. San Sebastian, Y. Zhai, J. Bringas, T. Xu, J. Forsayeth, and K.S. Bankiewicz Distribution of nanoparticles throughout the cerebral cortex of rodents and non-human primates: implications for gene and drug therapy Front. Neuroanat. 8 2014 10.3389/fnana.2014.00009
67. B. Madziar, S. Shah, M. Brock, R. Burke, I. Lopez-Coviella, A.C. Nickel, E.B. Cakal, J.K. Blusztajn, and B. Berse Nerve growth factor regulates the expression of the cholinergic locus and the high-affinity choline transporter via the Akt/PKB signaling pathway J. Neurochem. 107 2008 1284 1293
68. Y. Chen, X. Run, Z. Liang, Y. Zhao, C.L. Dai, K. Iqbal, F. Liu, and C.X. Gong Intranasal insulin prevents anesthesia-induced hyperphosphorylation of tau in 3xTg-AD mice Front. Aging Neurosci. 6 2014 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00100
69. I. Lopez-Coviella, M.T. Follettie, T.J. Mellott, V.P. Kovacheva, B.E. Slack, V. Diesl, B. Berse, R.S. Thies, and J.K. Blusztajn Bone morphogenetic protein 9 induces the transcriptome of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102 2005 6984 6989
70. C. Hawkes, J.H. Jhamandas, K.H. Harris, W. Fu, R.G. MacDonald, and S. Kar Single transmembrane domain insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor regulates central cholinergic function by activating a G-protein-sensitive, protein kinase C-dependent pathway J. Neurosci. 26 2006 585 596
71. O. Baron, A. Ratzka, and C. Grothe Fibroblast growth factor 2 regulates adequate nigrostriatal pathway formation in mice J. Comp. Neurol. 520 2012 3949 3961
72. Y. Kitagishi, A. Nakanishi, Y. Ogura, and S. Matsuda Dietary regulation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3beta pathway in Alzheimer's disease Alzheimers Res. Ther. 6 2014 35
73. C. O'Neill PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR signaling: impaired on/off switches in aging, cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease Exp. Gerontol. 48 2013 647 653
74. M.F. Mehler, P.C. Mabie, D. Zhang, and J.A. Kessler Bone morphogenetic proteins in the nervous system Trends Neurosci. 20 1997 309 317
75. J. Zhang, B.M. Moats-Staats, P. Ye, and A.J. D'Ercole Expression of insulin-like growth factor system genes during the early postnatal neurogenesis in the mouse hippocampus J. Neurosci. Res. 85 2007 1618 1627
76. J. O'Kusky, and P. Ye Neurodevelopmental effects of insulin-like growth factor signaling Front. Neuroendocrinol. 33 2012 230 251
77. S. Capsoni, S. Giannotta, and A. Cattaneo Nerve growth factor and galantamine ameliorate early signs of neurodegeneration in anti-nerve growth factor mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 2002 12432 12437
78. A.C. Schnitzler, T.J. Mellott, I. Lopez-Coviella, Y.N. Tallini, M.I. Kotlikoff, M.T. Follettie, and J.K. Blusztajn BMP9 (bone morphogenetic protein 9) induces NGF as an autocrine/paracrine cholinergic trophic factor in developing basal forebrain neurons J. Neurosci. 30 2010 8221 8228
79. Y. Konishi, K. Takahashi, D.- Chui, R.G. Rosenfeld, M. Himeno, and T. Tabira Insulin-like growth factor II promotes in vitro cholinergic development of mouse septal neurons: comparison with the effects of insulin-like growth factor I Brain Res. 649 1994 53 61
80. T.J. Mellott, S.M. Pender, R.M. Burke, E.A. Langley, and J.K. Blusztajn IGF2 ameliorates amyloidosis, increases cholinergic marker expression and raises BMP9 and neurotrophin levels in the hippocampus of the APPswePS1dE9 Alzheimer's disease model mice PLoS One 9 2014 10.1371/journal.pone.0094287
81. K. Tanabe, R. Matsushima-Nishiwaki, M. Iida, O. Kozawa, and H. Iida Involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt on basic fibroblast growth factor-induced glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor release from rat glioma cells Brain Res. 1463 2012 21 29
82. F. Shimizu, Y. Sano, K. Saito, M.A. Abe, T. Maeda, H. Haruki, and T. Kanda Pericyte-derived glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor increase the expression of claudin-5 in the blood-brain barrier and the blood-nerve barrier Neurochem. Res. 37 2012 401 409
83. J. Stockwell, N. Abdi, X. Lu, O. Maheshwari, and C. Taghibiglou Novel central nervous system drug delivery systems Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 83 2014 507 520
84. N.U. Barua, S.S. Gill, and S. Love Convection-enhanced drug delivery to the brain: therapeutic potential and neuropathological considerations Brain Pathol. 24 2013 117 127
85. X. Yi, D.S. Manickam, A. Brynskikh, and A.V. Kabanov Agile Delivery of Protein Therapeutics to CNS J. Control. Release 2014 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.017
86. W.M. Pardridge Blood-brain barrier drug delivery of IgG fusion proteins with a transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 12 2015 207 222
87. W.M. Pardridge Blood-brain barrier delivery Drug Discov. Today 12 2007 54 61
88. J.P. Motion, G.H. Huynh, F.C. Szoka Jr., and R.A. Siegel Convection and retro-convection enhanced delivery: some theoretical considerations related to drug targeting Pharm. Res. 28 2011 472 479
89. N.U. Barua, J.S. Miners, A.S. Bienemann, M.J. Wyatt, K. Welser, A.B. Tabor, H.C. Hailes, S. Love, and S.S. Gill Convection-enhanced delivery of neprilysin: a novel amyloid-beta-degrading therapeutic strategy J. Alzheimers Dis. 32 2012 43 56
90. J. Kreuter Nanoparticulate systems for brain delivery of drugs Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 47 2001 65 81
91. R. Rempe, S. Cramer, S. Hüwel, and H. Galla Transport of poly(n-butylcyano-acrylate) nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier in vitro and their influence on barrier integrity Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 406 2011 64 69
92. B. Wilson, M.K. Samanta, K. Santhi, K.P.S. Kumar, N. Paramakrishnan, and B. Suresh Poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with polysorbate 80 for the targeted delivery of rivastigmine into the brain to treat Alzheimer's disease Brain Res. 1200 2008 159 168
93. S. Wohlfart, S. Gelperina, and J. Kreuter Transport of drugs across the blood-brain barrier by nanoparticles J. Control. Release 161 2012 264 273
94. K.B. Kurakhmaeva, I.A. Djindjikhashvili, V.E. Petrov, V.U. Balabanyan, T.A. Voronina, S.S. Trofimov, J. Kreuter, S. Gelperina, D. Begley, and R.N. Alyautdin Brain targeting of nerve growth factor using poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles J. Drug Target. 17 2009 564 574
95. B. Wilson, M.K. Samanta, K. Santhi, K.P. Kumar, M. Ramasamy, and B. Suresh Chitosan nanoparticles as a new delivery system for the anti-Alzheimer drug tacrine Nanomedicine 6 2010 144 152
96. B. Wilson, M.K. Samanta, K. Santhi, K.P. Kumar, N. Paramakrishnan, and B. Suresh Targeted delivery of tacrine into the brain with polysorbate 80-coated poly(n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 70 2008 75 84
97. A. Burgess, and K. Hynynen Noninvasive and targeted drug delivery to the brain using focused ultrasound ACS Chem. Neurosci. 4 2013 519 526
98. E.E. Konofagou, Y.S. Tung, J. Choi, T. Deffieux, B. Baseri, and F. Vlachos Ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 13 2012 1332 1345
99. Y. Cai, M. Xu, M. Yuan, Z. Liu, and W. Yuan Developments in human growth hormone preparations: sustained-release, prolonged half-life, novel injection devices, and alternative delivery routes Int. J. Nanomedicine 9 2014 3527 3538
100. R.G. Thorne, C.R. Emory, T.A. Ala, and W.H. Frey II Quantitative analysis of the olfactory pathway for drug delivery to the brain Brain Res. 692 1995 278 282
101. C. Lopes, M. Ribeiro, A.I. Duarte, S. Humbert, F. Saudou, L. Pereira de Almeida, M. Hayden, and A.C. Rego IGF-1 intranasal administration rescues Huntington's disease phenotypes in YAC128 mice Mol. Neurobiol. 49 2014 1126 1142
102. C. Zhang, J. Chen, C. Feng, X. Shao, Q. Liu, Q. Zhang, Z. Pang, and X. Jiang Intranasal nanoparticles of basic fibroblast growth factor for brain delivery to treat Alzheimer's disease Int. J. Pharm. 461 2014 192 202
103. Y.Z. Zhao, X. Li, C.T. Lu, M. Lin, L.J. Chen, Q. Xiang, M. Zhang, R.R. Jin, X. Jiang, X.T. Shen, X.K. Li, and J. Cai Gelatin nanostructured lipid carriers-mediated intranasal delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor enhances functional recovery in hemiparkinsonian rats Nanomedicine 10 2014 755 764
104. L. Aloe, P. Bianchi, A. De Bellis, M. Soligo, and M.L. Rocco Intranasal nerve growth factor bypasses the blood-brain barrier and affects spinal cord neurons in spinal cord injury Neural Regen. Res. 9 2014 1025 1030
105. L. Tian, R. Guo, X. Yue, Q. Lv, X. Ye, Z. Wang, Z. Chen, B. Wu, G. Xu, and X. Liu Intranasal administration of nerve growth factor ameliorate β-amyloid deposition after traumatic brain injury in rats Brain Res. 1440 2012 47 55
106. S.R. Vaka, S.N. Murthy, A. Balaji, and M.A. Repka Delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor via nose-to-brain pathway Pharm. Res. 29 2012 441 447
107. S.R. Alcala-Barraza, M.S. Lee, L.R. Hanson, A.A. McDonald, W.H. Frey II, and L.K. McLoon Intranasal delivery of neurotrophic factors BDNF, CNTF, EPO, and NT-4 to the CNS J. Drug Target. 18 2010 179 190
108. L. Casettari, and L. Illum Chitosan in nasal delivery systems for therapeutic drugs J. Control. Release 190 2014 189 200
109. C.V. Pardeshi, and V.S. Belgamwar Direct nose to brain drug delivery via integrated nerve pathways bypassing the blood-brain barrier: an excellent platform for brain targeting Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 10 2013 957 972
110. A. Mistry, S.Z. Glud, J. Kjems, J. Randel, K.A. Howard, S. Stolnik, and L. Illum Effect of physicochemical properties on intranasal nanoparticle transit into murine olfactory epithelium J. Drug Target. 17 2009 543 552
111. M. Kaliner, Z. Marom, C. Patow, and J. Shelhamer Human respiratory mucus J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 73 1984 318 323
112. R. Alyautdin, I. Khalin, M.I. Nafeeza, M.H. Haron, and D. Kuznetsov Nanoscale drug delivery systems and the blood-brain barrier Int. J. Nanomedicine 9 2014 795 811
113. W.A. Banks Characteristics of compounds that cross the blood-brain barrier BMC Neurol. 9 Suppl. 1 2009 10.1186/1471-2377-9-S1-S3
114. A.M. Hartz, D.S. Miller, and B. Bauer Restoring blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein reduces brain amyloid-beta in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Mol. Pharmacol. 77 2010 715 723
115. R.H. Yin, J.T. Yu, and L. Tan The role of SORL1 in Alzheimer's disease Mol. Neurobiol. 2014 10.1007/s12035-014-8742-5
116. J.T. Yu, L. Tan, and J. Hardy Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease: an update Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 37 2014 79 100
117. E.J. Rivera, A. Goldin, N. Fulmer, R. Tavares, J.R. Wands, and S.M. de la Monte Insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and function deteriorate with progression of Alzheimer's disease: link to brain reductions in acetylcholine J. Alzheimers Dis. 8 2005 247 268
118. D.E. Kang, C.U. Pietrzik, L. Baum, N. Chevallier, D.E. Merriam, M.Z. Kounnas, S.L. Wagner, J.C. Troncoso, C.H. Kawas, R. Katzman, and E.H. Koo Modulation of amyloid beta-protein clearance and Alzheimer's disease susceptibility by the LDL receptor-related protein pathway J. Clin. Invest. 106 2000 1159 1166
119. N. Voigt, P. Henrich-Noack, S. Kockentiedt, W. Hintz, J. Tomas, and B.A. Sabel Surfactants, not size or zeta-potential influence blood-brain barrier passage of polymeric nanoparticles Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 87 2014 19 29
120. X. Jiang, H. Xin, Q. Ren, J. Gu, L. Zhu, F. Du, C. Feng, Y. Xie, X. Sha, and X. Fang Nanoparticles of 2-deoxy-d-glucose functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(trimethylene carbonate) for dual-targeted drug delivery in glioma treatment Biomaterials 35 2014 518 529
121. G.M. Soliman, Y.L. Zhang, G. Merle, M. Cerruti, and J. Barralet Hydrocaffeic acid-chitosan nanoparticles with enhanced stability, mucoadhesion and permeation properties Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm 88 2014 1026 1037
122. R. Rempe, S. Cramer, R. Qiao, and H.J. Galla Strategies to overcome the barrier: use of nanoparticles as carriers and modulators of barrier properties Cell Tissue Res. 355 2014 717 726
123. J. Kreuter Mechanism of polymeric nanoparticle-based drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) J. Microencapsul. 30 2013 49 54
124. J. Kreuter Drug delivery to the central nervous system by polymeric nanoparticles: what do we know? Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 71 2014 2 14
125. G. Kamalinia, F. Khodagholi, F. Atyabi, M. Amini, F. Shaerzadeh, M. Sharifzadeh, and R. Dinarvand Enhanced brain delivery of deferasirox-lactoferrin conjugates for iron chelation therapy in neurodegenerative disorders: in vitro and in vivo studies Mol. Pharm. 10 2013 4418 4431
126. Z. Pang, H. Gao, Y. Yu, J. Chen, L. Guo, J. Ren, Z. Wen, J. Su, and X. Jiang Brain delivery and cellular internalization mechanisms for transferrin conjugated biodegradable polymersomes Int. J. Pharm. 415 2011 284 292
127. Y.C. Kuo, and P.R. Chou Neuroprotection against degeneration of sk-N-mc cells using neuron growth factor-encapsulated liposomes with surface cereport and transferrin J. Pharm. Sci. 103 2014 2484 2497
128. H. Ding, V. Sagar, M. Agudelo, S. Pilakka-Kanthikeel, V.S. Atluri, A. Raymond, T. Samikkannu, and M.P. Nair Enhanced blood-brain barrier transmigration using a novel transferrin embedded fluorescent magneto-liposome nanoformulation Nanotechnology 25 2014 10.1088/0957-4484/25/5/055101
129. Y.J. Yu, and R.J. Watts Developing therapeutic antibodies for neurodegenerative disease Neurotherapeutics 10 2013 459 472
130. A.V. Boddy, and H.D. Thomas RMP-7, potential as an adjuvant to the drug treatment of brain tumours CNS Drugs 7 1997 257 263
131. J. Li, C. Zhang, J. Li, L. Fan, X. Jiang, J. Chen, Z. Pang, and Q. Zhang Brain delivery of NAP with PEG-PLGA nanoparticles modified with phage display peptides Pharm. Res. 30 2013 1813 1823
132. Z. Liu, X. Gao, T. Kang, M. Jiang, D. Miao, G. Gu, Q. Hu, Q. Song, L. Yao, Y. Tu, H. Chen, X. Jiang, and J. Chen B6 peptide-modified PEG-PLA nanoparticles for enhanced brain delivery of neuroprotective peptide Bioconjug. Chem. 24 2013 997 1007
133. A.C. Granholm, C. Backman, F. Bloom, T. Ebendal, G.A. Gerhardt, B. Hoffer, L. Mackerlova, L. Olson, S. Soderstrom, and L.R. Walus NGF and anti-transferrin receptor antibody conjugate: short and long-term effects on survival of cholinergic neurons in intraocular septal transplants J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 268 1994 448 459
134. D. Albeck, M.H. Mesches, S. Juthberg, M. Browning, P.C. Bickford, G.M. Rose, and A.- Granholm Exogenous NGF restores endogenous NGF distribution in the brain of the cognitively impaired aged rat Brain Res. 967 2003 306 310
135. Q.H. Zhou, J.Z. Lu, E.K. Hui, R.J. Boado, and W.M. Pardridge Delivery of a peptide radiopharmaceutical to brain with an IgG-avidin fusion protein Bioconjug. Chem. 22 2011 1611 1618
136. Q.H. Zhou, R.J. Boado, and W.M. Pardridge Selective plasma pharmacokinetics and brain uptake in the mouse of enzyme fusion proteins derived from species-specific receptor-targeted antibodies J. Drug Target. 20 2012 715 719
137. Y.C. Kuo, and C.Y. Shih-Huang Solid lipid nanoparticles carrying chemotherapeutic drug across the blood-brain barrier through insulin receptor-mediated pathway J. Drug Target. 21 2013 730 738
138. M. Pinzon-Daza, R. Garzon, P. Couraud, I. Romero, B. Weksler, D. Ghigo, A. Bosia, and C. Riganti The association of statins plus LDL receptor-targeted liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin increases in vitro drug delivery across blood-brain barrier cells Br. J. Pharmacol. 167 2012 1431 1447
139. B. Zhang, X. Sun, H. Mei, Y. Wang, Z. Liao, J. Chen, Q. Zhang, Y. Hu, Z. Pang, and X. Jiang LDLR-mediated peptide-22-conjugated nanoparticles for dual-targeting therapy of brain glioma Biomaterials 34 2013 9171 9182
140. T. Kissel, and U. Werner Nasal delivery of peptides: an in vitro cell culture model for the investigation of transport and metabolism in human nasal epithelium J. Control. Release 53 1998 195 203
141. K. Nagpal, S.K. Singh, and D.N. Mishra Optimization of brain targeted chitosan nanoparticles of Rivastigmine for improved efficacy and safety Int J. Biol. Macromol 59 2013 72 83
142. A.M. Dyer, M. Hinchcliffe, P. Watts, J. Castile, I. Jabbal-Gill, R. Nankervis, A. Smith, and L. Illum Nasal delivery of insulin using novel chitosan based formulations: a comparative study in two animal models between simple chitosan formulations and chitosan nanoparticles Pharm. Res. 19 2002 998 1008
143. L. Kozlovskaya, M. Abou-Kaoud, and D. Stepensky Quantitative analysis of drug delivery to the brain via nasal route J. Control. Release 189 2014 133 140
144. C. Feng, C. Zhang, X. Shao, Q. Liu, Y. Qian, L. Feng, J. Chen, Y. Zha, Q. Zhang, and X. Jiang Enhancement of nose-to-brain delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor for improving rat memory impairments induced by co-injection of β-amyloid and ibotenic acid into the bilateral hippocampus Int. J. Pharm. 423 2012 226 234
145. P. Blasi, S. Giovagnoli, A. Schoubben, M. Ricci, and C. Rossi Solid lipid nanoparticles for targeted brain drug delivery Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 59 2007 454 477
146. R. Prades, S. Guerrero, E. Araya, C. Molina, E. Salas, E. Zurita, J. Selva, G. Egea, C. López-Iglesias, M. Teixidó, M.J. Kogan, and E. Giralt Delivery of gold nanoparticles to the brain by conjugation with a peptide that recognizes the transferrin receptor Biomaterials 33 2012 7194 7205
147. S. Wohlfart, A.S. Khalansky, S. Gelperina, D. Begley, and J. Kreuter Kinetics of transport of doxorubicin bound to nanoparticles across the blood-brain barrier J. Control. Release 154 2011 103 107
148. M.A. Shevtsov, B.P. Nikolaev, L.Y. Yakovleva, Y.Y. Marchenko, A.V. Dobrodumov, A.L. Mikhrina, M.G. Martynova, O.A. Bystrova, I.V. Yakovenko, and A.M. Ischenko Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with epidermal growth factor (SPION-EGF) for targeting brain tumors Int. J. Nanomedicine 9 2014 273 287
149. K. Nagpal, S.K. Singh, and D.N. Mishra Optimization of brain targeted chitosan nanoparticles of Rivastigmine for improved efficacy and safety Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 59 2013 72 83
150. Y. Wang, M.J. Cooke, N. Sachewsky, C.M. Morshead, and M.S. Shoichet Bioengineered sequential growth factor delivery stimulates brain tissue regeneration after stroke J. Control. Release 172 2013 1 11
151. M. Hashimoto, and Y. Hisano Directional gene-transfer into the brain by an adenoviral vector tagged with magnetic nanoparticles J. Neurosci. Methods 194 2011 316 320
152. S. Idema, V. Caretti, M.L. Lamfers, V.W. van Beusechem, D.P. Noske, W.P. Vandertop, and C.M. Dirven Anatomical differences determine distribution of adenovirus after convection-enhanced delivery to the rat brain PLoS One 6 2011 10.1371/journal.pone.0024396
153. M. Giacca, and S. Zacchigna Virus-mediated gene delivery for human gene therapy J. Control. Release 161 2012 377 388
154. L. Zhao, A. Seth, N. Wibowo, C. Zhao, N. Mitter, C. Yu, and A.P.J. Middelberg Nanoparticle vaccines Vaccine 32 2014 327 337
155. B. Chackerian, M. Rangel, Z. Hunter, and D.S. Peabody Virus and virus-like particle-based immunogens for Alzheimer's disease induce antibody responses against amyloid-β without concomitant T cell responses Vaccine 24 2006 6321 6331
156. E. Bergeron, E. Leblanc, O. Drevelle, R. Giguere, S. Beauvais, G. Grenier, and N. Faucheux The evaluation of ectopic bone formation induced by delivery systems for bone morphogenetic protein-9 or its derived Peptide Tissue Eng. A 18 2012 342 352
157. M. Fazil, S. Md, S. Haque, M. Kumar, S. Baboota, J.K. Sahni, and J. Ali Development and evaluation of rivastigmine loaded chitosan nanoparticles for brain targeting Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 47 2012 6 15
158. J. Sarvaiya, and Y.K. Agrawal Chitosan as a suitable nanocarrier material for anti-Alzheimer drug delivery Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 72 2015 454 465
159. T.J. Aspden, J.D.T. Mason, N.S. Jones, J. Lowe, ∅. Skaugrud, and L. Illum Chitosan as a nasal delivery system: the effect of chitosan solutions on in vitro and in vivo mucociliary transport rates in human turbinates and volunteers J. Pharm. Sci. 86 1997 509 513
160. Y. Aktas, K. Andrieux, M.J. Alonso, P. Calvo, R.N. Gursoy, P. Couvreur, and Y. Capan Preparation and in vitro evaluation of chitosan nanoparticles containing a caspase inhibitor Int. J. Pharm. 298 2005 378 383
161. S. Alam, Z.I. Khan, G. Mustafa, M. Kumar, F. Islam, A. Bhatnagar, and F.J. Ahmad Development and evaluation of thymoquinone-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for nose-to-brain targeting: a pharmacoscintigraphic study Int. J. Nanomed. 7 2012 5705 5718
162. A. Vila, A. Sánchez, K. Janes, I. Behrens, T. Kissel, J.L.V. Jato, and M.J. Alonso Low molecular weight chitosan nanoparticles as new carriers for nasal vaccine delivery in mice Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 57 2004 123 131
163. S.M. Abdel-Hafez, R.M. Hathout, and O.A. Sammour Towards better modeling of chitosan nanoparticles production: screening different factors and comparing two experimental designs Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 64 2014 334 340
164. R. Fernández-Urrusuno, P. Calvo, C. Remuñán-López, J.L. Vila-Jato, and M.J. Alonso Enhancement of nasal absorption of insulin using chitosan nanoparticles Pharm. Res. 16 1999 1576 1581
165. Y. Xu, and Y. Du Effect of molecular structure of chitosan on protein delivery properties of chitosan nanoparticles Int. J. Pharm. 250 2003 215 226
166. S.A. Agnihotri, N.N. Mallikarjuna, and T.M. Aminabhavi Recent advances on chitosan-based micro- and nanoparticles in drug delivery J. Control. Release 100 2004 5 28
167. J. Hombach, and A. Bernkop-Schnurch Chitosan solutions and particles: evaluation of their permeation enhancing potential on MDCK cells used as blood brain barrier model Int. J. Pharm. 376 2009 104 109
168. R.F. Lai, Z.J. Li, Z.Y. Zhou, Z.Q. Feng, and Q.T. Zhao Effect of rhBMP-2 sustained-release nanocapsules on the ectopic osteogenesis process in Sprague-Dawley rats Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 6 2013 884 888
169. D. Tang, S. Yu, Y. Ho, F. Mi, P. Kuo, and H. Sung Heparinized chitosan/poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles for multi-functional delivery of fibroblast growth factor and heparin Biomaterials 31 2010 9320 9332
170. S. Fredenberg, M. Wahlgren, M. Reslow, and A. Axelsson The mechanisms of drug release in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based drug delivery systems - a review Int. J. Pharm. 415 2011 34 52
171. G.T.S. Kirby, L.J. White, C.V. Rahman, H.C. Cox, F.R.A.J. Rose, D.W. Hutmacher, K.M. Shakesheff, and M.A. Woodruff PLGA-based microparticles for the sustained release of BMP-2 Eur. Cells Mater. 22 2011 24
172. J. Siepmann, K. Elkharraz, F. Siepmann, and D. Klose How autocatalysis accelerates drug release from PLGA-based microparticles: a quantitative treatment Biomacromolecules 6 2005 2312 2319
173. I. Reimold, D. Domke, J. Bender, C.A. Seyfried, H. Radunz, and G. Fricker Delivery of nanoparticles to the brain detected by fluorescence microscopy Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 70 2008 627 632
174. J.C. Olivier Drug transport to brain with targeted nanoparticles NeuroRx 2 2005 108 119
175. J. Kreuter, P. Ramge, V. Petrov, S. Hamm, S.E. Gelperina, B. Engelhardt, R. Alyautdin, H. von Briesen, and D.J. Begley Direct evidence that polysorbate-80-coated poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles deliver drugs to the CNS via specific mechanisms requiring prior binding of drug to the nanoparticles Pharm. Res. 20 2003 409 416
176. S.A. Joshi, S.S. Chavhan, and K.K. Sawant Rivastigmine-loaded PLGA and PBCA nanoparticles: preparation, optimization, characterization, in vitro and pharmacodynamic studies Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 76 2010 189 199
177. A. Aubert-Pouëssel, M. Venier-Julienne, A. Clavreul, M. Sergent, C. Jollivet, C.N. Montero-Menei, E. Garcion, D.C. Bibby, P. Menei, and J. Benoit In vitro study of GDNF release from biodegradable PLGA microspheres J. Control. Release 95 2004 463 475
178. E. Garbayo, E. Ansorena, J.L. Lanciego, M.S. Aymerich, and M.J. Blanco-Prieto Sustained release of bioactive glycosylated glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor from biodegradable polymeric microspheres Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 69 2008 844 851
179. E. Garbayo, C.N. Montero-Menei, E. Ansorena, J.L. Lanciego, M.S. Aymerich, and M.J. Blanco-Prieto Effective GDNF brain delivery using microspheres - a promising strategy for Parkinson's disease J. Control. Release 135 2009 119 126
180. Z. Wang, N. Han, J. Wang, H. Zheng, J. Peng, Y. Kou, C. Xu, S. An, X. Yin, P. Zhang, and B. Jiang Improved peripheral nerve regeneration with sustained release nerve growth factor microspheres in small gap tubulization Am. J. Transl. Res. 6 2014 413 421
181. C. Jollivet, A. Aubert-Pouessel, A. Clavreul, M. Venier-Julienne, S. Remy, C.N. Montero-Menei, J. Benoit, and P. Menei Striatal implantation of GDNF releasing biodegradable microspheres promotes recovery of motor function in a partial model of Parkinson's disease Biomaterials 25 2004 933 942
182. J. Huang, Y. Lu, H. Wang, J. Liu, M. Liao, L. Hong, R. Tao, M.M. Ahmed, P. Liu, S. Liu, K. Fukunaga, Y. Du, and F. Han The effect of lipid nanoparticle PEGylation on neuroinflammatory response in mouse brain Biomaterials 34 2013 7960 7970
183. M.F. Ismail, A.N. Elmeshad, and N.A. Salem Potential therapeutic effect of nanobased formulation of rivastigmine on rat model of Alzheimer's disease Int. J. Nanomedicine 8 2013 393 406
184. A. Angelova, B. Angelov, M. Drechsler, V.M. Garamus, and S. Lesieur Protein entrapment in PEGylated lipid nanoparticles Int. J. Pharm. 454 2013 625 632
185. J. Siepmann, and F. Siepmann Mathematical modeling of drug release from lipid dosage forms Int. J. Pharm. 418 2011 42 53
186. P. Blasi, A. Schoubben, G. Traina, G. Manfroni, L. Barberini, P.F. Alberti, C. Cirotto, and M. Ricci Lipid nanoparticles for brain targeting III. Long-term stability and in vivo toxicity Int. J. Pharm. 454 2013 316 323
187. A. Bernardi, R.L. Frozza, A. Meneghetti, J.B. Hoppe, A.M. Battastini, A.R. Pohlmann, S.S. Guterres, and C.G. Salbego Indomethacin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules reduce the damage triggered by Abeta1-42 in Alzheimer's disease models Int. J. Nanomedicine 7 2012 4927 4942
188. R.L. Frozza, A. Bernardi, J.B. Hoppe, A.B. Meneghetti, A. Matte, A.M. Battastini, A.R. Pohlmann, S.S. Guterres, and C. Salbego Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol against Abeta administration in rats are improved by lipid-core nanocapsules Mol. Neurobiol. 47 2013 1066 1080
189. L.R. Hanson, J.M. Fine, J.D. Hoekman, T.M. Nguyen, R.B. Burns, P.M. Martinez, J. Pohl, and W.H. Frey II Intranasal delivery of growth differentiation factor 5 to the central nervous system Drug Deliv. 19 2012 149 154
190. S. Hsieh, C. Chang, and H. Chou Gold nanoparticles as amyloid-like fibrillogenesis inhibitors Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 112 2013 525 529
191. E. Araya, Y. Olmedo, N.G. Bastus, S. Guerrero, V.F. Puntes, E. Giralt, and M.J. Kogan Gold nanoparticles and microwave irradiation inhibit beta-amyloid amyloidogenesis Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2008 461 467
192. S. Pilakka-Kanthikeel, V.S. Atluri, V. Sagar, S.K. Saxena, and M. Nair Targeted brain derived neurotropic factors (BDNF) delivery across the blood-brain barrier for neuro-protection using magnetic nano carriers: an in-vitro study PLoS One 8 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0062241
193. Y. Fu, and W.J. Kao Drug release kinetics and transport mechanisms of non-degradable and degradable polymeric delivery systems Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 7 2010 429 444
194. A.R. Mehdipour, and M. Hamidi Brain drug targeting: a computational approach for overcoming blood-brain barrier Drug Discov. Today 14 2009 1030 1036
195. E.C. de Lange The mastermind approach to CNS drug therapy: translational prediction of human brain distribution, target site kinetics, and therapeutic effects Fluids Barriers CNS 10 2013 10.1186/2045-8118-10-12
196. M.S. Alavijeh, M. Chishty, M.Z. Qaiser, and A.M. Palmer Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, the blood-brain barrier, and central nervous system drug discovery NeuroRx 2 2005 554 571
197. M. Grassi, G. Lamberti, S. Cascone, and G. Grassi Mathematical modeling of simultaneous drug release and in vivo absorption Int. J. Pharm. 418 2011 130 141
198. J.R. Weiser, and W.M. Saltzman Controlled release for local delivery of drugs: barriers and models J. Control. Release 190 2014 664 673
199. A. Mistry, S. Stolnik, and L. Illum Nanoparticles for direct nose-to-brain delivery of drugs Int. J. Pharm. 379 2009 146 157
200. T.D. Brogan The high molecular weight components of sputum Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 41 1960 288 297
201. S.K. Lai, Y.Y. Wang, D. Wirtz, and J. Hanes Micro- and macrorheology of mucus Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 61 2009 86 100
202. J.M. Anderson Molecular structure of tight junctions and their role in epithelial transport News Physiol. Sci. 16 2001 126 130
203. P.H. Johnson, and S.C. Quay Advances in nasal drug delivery through tight junction technology Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 2 2005 281 298
204. I. Hahn, P.W. Scherer, and M.M. Mozell A mass transport model of olfaction J. Theor. Biol. 167 1994 115 128
205. D.B. Kurtz, K. Zhao, D.E. Hornung, and P. Scherer Experimental and numerical determination of odorant solubility in nasal and olfactory mucosa Chem. Senses 29 2004 763 773
206. G.C. Yang, P.W. Scherer, K. Zhao, and M.M. Mozell Numerical modeling of odorant uptake in the rat nasal cavity Chem. Senses 32 2007 273 284
207. A. Misra, S. Ganesh, A. Shahiwala, and S.P. Shah Drug delivery to the central nervous system: a review J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 6 2003 252 273
208. D.A. Fedosov, M. Dao, G.E. Karniadakis, and S. Suresh Computational biorheology of human blood flow in health and disease Ann. Biomed. Eng. 42 2014 368 387
209. D.A. Fedosov, H. Noguchi, and G. Gompper Multiscale modeling of blood flow: from single cells to blood rheology Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. 13 2014 239 258
210. M. Desjardins, R. Berti, J. Lefebvre, S. Dubeau, and F. Lesage Aging-related differences in cerebral capillary blood flow in anesthetized rats Neurobiol. Aging 35 2014 1947 1955
211. C. Nicholson Interaction between diffusion and Michaelis-Menten uptake of dopamine after iontophoresis in striatum Biophys. J. 68 1995 1699 1715
212. C.E. Krewson, and W.M. Saltzman Transport and elimination of recombinant human NGF during long-term delivery to the brain Brain Res. 727 1996 169 181
213. J. Buishas, I.G. Gould, and A.A. Linninger A computational model of cerebrospinal fluid production and reabsorption driven by Starling forces Croat. Med. J. 55 2014 481 497
214. N.R. Saunders, M.D. Habgood, and K.M. Dziegielewska Barrier mechanisms in the brain, I. Adult brain Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 26 1999 11 19
215. C. Nicholson, J.M. Phillips, and A.R. Gardner-Medwin Diffusion from an iontophoretic point source in the brain: role of tortuosity and volume fraction Brain Res. 169 1979 580 584
216. K. Amunts, C. Lepage, L. Borgeat, H. Mohlberg, T. Dickscheid, M.E. Rousseau, S. Bludau, P.L. Bazin, L.B. Lewis, A.M. Oros-Peusquens, N.J. Shah, T. Lippert, K. Zilles, and A.C. Evans BigBrain: an ultrahigh-resolution 3D human brain model Science 340 2013 1472 1475
217. J. Siepmann, and N.A. Peppas Hydrophilic matrices for controlled drug delivery: an improved mathematical model to predict the resulting drug release kinetics (the "sequential layer" model) Pharm. Res. 17 2000 1290 1298
218. J. Siepmann, and F. Siepmann Modeling of diffusion controlled drug delivery J. Control. Release 161 2012 351 362
219. S. Gures, F. Siepmann, J. Siepmann, and P. Kleinebudde Drug release from extruded solid lipid matrices: theoretical predictions and independent experiments Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 80 2012 122 129
220. Y. Yang, A. Corona III, and M.A. Henson Experimental investigation and population balance equation modeling of solid lipid nanoparticle aggregation dynamics J. Colloid Interface Sci. 374 2012 297 307
221. F. Darabi Sahneh, C. Scoglio, and J. Riviere Dynamics of nanoparticle-protein corona complex formation: analytical results from population balance equations PLoS One 8 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0064690
222. D. Ramkrishna Population Balances, Theory and Applications to Particulate Systems in Engineering First Edition 2000 Academic Press
223. M. Grassi, I. Colombo, and R. Lapasin Drug release from an ensemble of swellable crosslinked polymer particles J. Control. Release 68 2000 97 113
224. B. Tah, P. Pal, S. Mishra, and G.B. Talapatra Interaction of insulin with anionic phospholipid (DPPG) vesicles Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 2014 21657 21663
225. E. Bergeron, M.E. Marquis, I. Chretien, and N. Faucheux Differentiation of preosteoblasts using a delivery system with BMPs and bioactive glass microspheres J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 18 2007 255 263
226. M.A. Lauzon, B. Marcos, and N. Faucheux Effect of initial pBMP-9 loading and collagen concentration on the kinetics of peptide release and a mathematical model of the delivery system J. Control. Release 182 2014 73 82
227. J. Tan, Y. Wang, X. Yip, F. Glynn, R.K. Shepherd, and F. Caruso Nanoporous peptide particles for encapsulating and releasing neurotrophic factors in an animal model of neurodegeneration Adv. Mater. 24 2012 3362 3366
228. G.P. Harper, R.W. Glanville, and H. Thoenen The purification of nerve growth factor from bovine seminal plasma. Biochemical characterization and partial amino acid sequence J. Biol. Chem. 257 1982 8541 8548
229. S.K. Lemmon, M.C. Riley, K.A. Thomas, G.A. Hoover, T. Maciag, and R.A. Bradshaw Bovine fibroblast growth factor: comparison of brain and pituitary preparations J. Cell Biol. 95 1982 162 169
230. A. Honegger, and R.E. Humbel Insulin-like growth factors I and II in fetal and adult bovine serum. Purification, primary structures, and immunological cross-reactivities J. Biol. Chem. 261 1986 569 575
231. N.A. Kim, D.G. Lim, J.Y. Lim, K.H. Kim, and S.H. Jeong Fundamental analysis of recombinant human epidermal growth factor in solution with biophysical methods Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 41 2014 10.3109/03639045.2013.859152
232. A.M. Rourke, Y. Cha, and D. Collins Stabilization of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and structurally analogous growth factors by anionic phospholipids Biochemistry 35 1996 11913 11917
233. Y. Kuo, and C. Liang Catanionic solid lipid nanoparticles carrying doxorubicin for inhibiting the growth of U87MG cells Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 85 2011 131 137
234. A.S. Fu, T.R. Thatiparti, G.M. Saidel, and H.A. Von Recum Experimental studies and modeling of drug release from a tunable affinity-based drug delivery platform Ann. Biomed. Eng. 39 2011 2466 2475
235. J. Bajpai, G. Maan Kaur, and A.K. Bajpai Preparation, characterization and water uptake behavior of polysaccharide based nanoparticles Prog. Nanotechnol. Nanomater. 1 2012 9 17
236. T. Lopez-Leon, E.L. Carvalho, B. Seijo, J.L. Ortega-Vinuesa, and D. Bastos-Gonzalez Physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles: electrokinetic and stability behavior J. Colloid Interface Sci. 283 2005 344 351
237. Q. Gan, and T. Wang Chitosan nanoparticle as protein delivery carrier - systematic examination of fabrication conditions for efficient loading and release Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 59 2007 24 34
238. J. Siepmann, and F. Siepmann Modeling of diffusion controlled drug delivery J. Control. Release 61 2012 351 362
239. J. Siepmann, F. Lecomte, and R. Bodmeier Diffusion-controlled drug delivery systems: calculation of the required composition to achieve desired release profiles J. Control. Release 60 1999 379 389
240. J. Siepmann, K. Podual, M. Sriwongjanya, N.A. Peppas, and R. Bodmeier A new model describing the swelling and drug release kinetics from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tablets J. Pharm. Sci. 88 1999 65 72
241. J. Siepmann, H. Kranz, R. Bodmeier, and N.A. Peppas HPMC-matrices for controlled drug delivery: a new model combining diffusion, swelling, and dissolution mechanisms and predicting the release kinetics Pharm. Res. 16 1999 1748 1756
242. H. Fujita Diffusion in polymer-diluent systems Fortschr. Hochpolym. -Forsch. 3 1961 1 47
243. Y. Xu, Y. Jia, Z. Wang, and Z. Wang Mathematical modeling and finite element simulation of slow release of drugs using hydrogels as carriers with various drug concentration distributions J. Pharm. Sci. 102 2013 1532 1543
244. P.R. Ninawe, and S.J. Parulekar Drug delivery using stimuli-responsive polymer gel spheres Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51 2012 1741 1755
245. H. Onishi, and Y. Machida Biodegradation and distribution of water-soluble chitosan in mice Biomaterials 20 1999 175 182
246. N. Faisant, J. Siepmann, and J.P. Benoit PLGA-based microparticles: elucidation of mechanisms and a new, simple mathematical model quantifying drug release Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 15 2002 355 366
247. J. Siepmann, and N.A. Peppas Modeling of drug release from delivery systems based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 48 2001 139 157
248. M. Dunne, I. Corrigan, and Z. Ramtoola Influence of particle size and dissolution conditions on the degradation properties of polylactide-co-glycolide particles Biomaterials 21 2000 1659 1668
249. N. Faisant, J. Siepmann, J. Richard, and J.P. Benoit Mathematical modeling of drug release from bioerodible microparticles: effect of gamma-irradiation Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 56 2003 271 279
250. G. Perale, P. Arosio, D. Moscatelli, V. Barri, M. Müller, S. Maccagnan, and M. Masi A new model of resorbable device degradation and drug release: transient 1-dimension diffusional model J. Control. Release 136 2009 196 205
251. J. Siepmann, N. Faisant, and J.P. Benoit A new mathematical model quantifying drug release from bioerodible microparticles using Monte Carlo simulations Pharm. Res. 19 2002 1885 1893
252. Y. Chen, S. Zhou, and Q. Li Mathematical modeling of degradation for bulk-erosive polymers: applications in tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery systems Acta Biomater. 7 2011 1140 1149
253. M. Bause, W. Friess, P. Knabner, and F.A. Radu A comprehensive mathematical model describing drug release from collagen matrices Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Mathematical Modeling of Environmental and Life Sciences Problems 2006 27 34 http://www.ima.ro/mmelsp-series/mmelsp-08-papers/bausem-08.pdf (consulted nov 2014)