Oxidative stress: Biomarkers and novel therapeutic pathways

Experimental Gerontology

Volumn 45, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 217-234

  Maiese, Kenneth ^a   Chong, Zhao Zhong ^a   Hou, Jinling ^a   Shang, Yan Chen ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Alzheimer's disease; Angiogenesis; Cancer; Cardiac; Diabetes; Erythropoietin; Forkhead transcription factors; Stem cells; Wnt

Indexed keywords

ERYTHROPOIETIN; ERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTOR; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; IMATINIB; RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FKHR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FKHRL1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXO; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXO4; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXO6; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANEMIA; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BREAST CANCER; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL METABOLISM; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SURVIVAL; CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG FEVER; DRUG TARGETING; DYSPNEA; ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELL; ERYTHROPOIESIS; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; KAPOSI SARCOMA; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NERVE FIBER GROWTH; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARESTHESIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSTATE CANCER; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN PROCESSING; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SIDE EFFECT; THROMBOSIS; TUMOR GROWTH; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE; VOMITING;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SURVIVAL; ERYTHROPOIETIN; FORKHEAD TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; HUMANS; IMMUNE SYSTEM; NEOPLASMS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RECEPTORS, ERYTHROPOIETIN; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STEM CELLS;

MAMMALIA;

EID: 76749148999     PISSN: 05315565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.01.004     Document Type: Article

References (407)

1. Abid M.R., Yano K., Guo S., Patel V.I., Shrikhande G., Spokes K.C., et al. Forkhead transcription factors inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 29864-29873
2. An J., Zhang C., Polavarapu R., Zhang X., and Yepes M. Tissue-type plasminogen activator and the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein induce Akt phosphorylation in the ischemic brain. Blood 112 (2008) 2787-2794
3. Anagnostou A., Lee E.S., Kessimian N., Levinson R., and Steiner M. Erythropoietin has a mitogenic and positive chemotactic effect on endothelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 (1990) 5978-5982
4. Anagnostou A., Liu Z., Steiner M., Chin K., Lee E.S., Kessimian N., et al. Erythropoietin receptor mRNA expression in human endothelial cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) 3974-3978
5. Anitha M., Gondha C., Sutliff R., Parsadanian A., Mwangi S., Sitaraman S.V., et al. GDNF rescues hyperglycemia-induced diabetic enteric neuropathy through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. J. Clin. Invest. 116 (2006) 344-356
6. Aoshiba K., Onizawa S., Tsuji T., and Nagai A. Therapeutic effects of erythropoietin in murine models of endotoxin shock. Crit. Care Med. 37 (2009) 889-898
7. Arcasoy M.O. The non-haematopoietic biological effects of erythropoietin. Br. J. Haematol. 141 (2008) 14-31
8. Ashley R.A., Dubuque S.H., Dvorak B., Woodward S.S., Williams S.K., and Kling P.J. Erythropoietin stimulates vasculogenesis in neonatal rat mesenteric microvascular endothelial cells. Pediatr. Res. 51 (2002) 472-478
9. Assaraf M.I., Diaz Z., Liberman A., Miller Jr. W.H., Arvanitakis Z., Li Y., et al. Brain erythropoietin receptor expression in Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 66 (2007) 389-398
10. Avasarala J.R., and Konduru S.S. Recombinant erythropoietin down-regulates IL-6 and CXCR4 genes in TNF-alpha-treated primary cultures of human microvascular endothelial cells: implications for multiple sclerosis. J. Mol. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 183-189
11. Bakker W.J., Harris I.S., and Mak T.W. FOXO3a is activated in response to hypoxic stress and inhibits HIF1-induced apoptosis via regulation of CITED2. Mol. Cell 28 (2007) 941-953
12. Bakker W.J., van Dijk T.B., Parren-van Amelsvoort M., Kolbus A., Yamamoto K., Steinlein P., et al. Differential regulation of Foxo3a target genes in erythropoiesis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (2007) 3839-3854
13. Balan V., Miller G.S., Kaplun L., Balan K., Chong Z.Z., Li F., et al. Life span extension and neuronal cell protection by Drosophila nicotinamidase. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (2008) 27810-27819
14. Baoutina A., Alexander I.E., Rasko J.E., and Emslie K.R. Potential use of gene transfer in athletic performance enhancement. Mol. Ther. 15 (2007) 1751-1766
15. Barthelemy C., Henderson C.E., and Pettmann B. Foxo3a induces motoneuron death through the Fas pathway in cooperation with JNK. BMC Neurosci. 5 (2004) 48
16. Benzing W.C., Wujek J.R., Ward E.K., Shaffer D., Ashe K.H., Younkin S.G., et al. Evidence for glial-mediated inflammation in aged APP(SW) transgenic mice. Neurobiol. Aging 20 (1999) 581-589
17. Berkingali N., Warnecke A., Gomes P., Paasche G., Tack J., Lenarz T., et al. Neurite outgrowth on cultured spiral ganglion neurons induced by erythropoietin. Hear. Res. 243 (2008) 121-126
18. Bienvenu A.L., Ferrandiz J., Kaiser K., Latour C., and Picot S. Artesunate-erythropoietin combination for murine cerebral malaria treatment. Acta Trop. 106 (2008) 104-108
19. Bierer R., Peceny M.C., Hartenberger C.H., and Ohls R.K. Erythropoietin concentrations and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. Pediatrics 118 (2006) e635-e640
20. Biggs III W.H., Cavenee W.K., and Arden K.C. Identification and characterization of members of the FKHR (FOX O) subclass of winged-helix transcription factors in the mouse. Mamm. Genome 12 (2001) 416-425
21. Bloomer R., and Fisher-Wellman K. Systemic oxidative stress is increased to a greater degree in young, obese women following consumption of a high fat meal. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2 (2009) 19-25
22. Bolognesi M.L., Cavalli A., Bergamini C., Fato R., Lenaz G., Rosini M., et al. Toward a rational design of multitarget-directed antioxidants: merging memoquin and lipoic acid molecular frameworks. J. Med. Chem. 52 (2009) 7883-7886
23. Bosque A., Aguilo J.I., Alava M.A., Paz-Artal E., Naval J., Allende L.M., et al. The induction of Bim expression in human T-cell blasts is dependent on nonapoptotic Fas/CD95 signaling. Blood 109 (2007) 1627-1635
24. Bouchard C., Lee S., Paulus-Hock V., Loddenkemper C., Eilers M., and Schmitt C.A. FoxO transcription factors suppress Myc-driven lymphomagenesis via direct activation of Arf. Genes Dev. 21 (2007) 2775-2787
25. Brunet A., Sweeney L.B., Sturgill J.F., Chua K.F., Greer P.L., Lin Y., et al. Stress-dependent regulation of FOXO transcription factors by the SIRT1 deacetylase. Science 303 (2004) 2011-2015
26. Brunner S., Winogradow J., Huber B.C., Zaruba M.M., Fischer R., David R., et al. Erythropoietin administration after myocardial infarction in mice attenuates ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with enhanced homing of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells via the CXCR-4/SDF-1 axis. FASEB J. 23 (2009) 351-361
27. Burgos-Ramos E., Martos-Moreno G.A., Lopez M.G., Herranz R., Aguado-Llera D., Egea J., et al. The N-terminal tripeptide of insulin-like growth factor-I protects against beta-amyloid-induced somatostatin depletion by calcium and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta modulation. J. Neurochem. 109 (2009) 360-370
28. Burgos-Ramos E., Puebla-Jimenez L., and Arilla-Ferreiro E. Minocycline prevents Abeta(25-35)-induced reduction of somatostatin and neprilysin content in rat temporal cortex. Life Sci. 84 (2009) 205-210
29. Burgos-Ramos E., Puebla-Jimenez L., and Arilla-Ferreiro E. Minocycline provides protection against beta-amyloid(25-35)-induced alterations of the somatostatin signaling pathway in the rat temporal cortex. Neuroscience 154 (2008) 1458-1466
30. Campos-Esparza M.R., Sanchez-Gomez M.V., and Matute C. Molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection by two natural antioxidant polyphenols. Cell Calcium 45 (2009) 358-368
31. Caporali A., Sala-Newby G.B., Meloni M., Graiani G., Pani E., Cristofaro B., et al. Identification of the prosurvival activity of nerve growth factor on cardiac myocytes. Cell Death Differ. 15 (2008) 299-311
32. Cardella F. Insulin therapy during diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Acta Biomed. 76 suppl. 3 (2005) 49-54
33. Cariou A., Claessens Y.E., Pene F., Marx J.S., Spaulding C., Hababou C., et al. Early high-dose erythropoietin therapy and hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a matched control study. Resuscitation 76 (2008) 397-404
34. Carnot P., and DeFlandre C. Sur l'activite hemopoietique de serum au cours de la regeneration du sang. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 143 (1906) 384-386
35. Casals-Pascual C., Idro R., Picot S., Roberts D.J., and Newton C.R. Can erythropoietin be used to prevent brain damage in cerebral malaria?. Trends Parasitol. 25 (2009) 30-36
36. Castrillon D.H., Miao L., Kollipara R., Horner J.W., and DePinho R.A. Suppression of ovarian follicle activation in mice by the transcription factor Foxo3a. Science 301 (2003) 215-218
37. Ceelen W., Boterberg T., Smeets P., Van Damme N., Demetter P., Zwaenepoel O., et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin alpha modulates the effects of radiotherapy on colorectal cancer microvessels. Br. J. Cancer 96 (2007) 692-700
38. Chang Y.K., Choi D.E., Na K.R., Lee S.J., Suh K.S., Kim S.Y., et al. Erythropoietin attenuates renal injury in an experimental model of rat unilateral ureteral obstruction via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. J. Urol. 181 (2009) 1434-1443
39. Chattopadhyay M., Walter C., Mata M., and Fink D.J. Neuroprotective effect of herpes simplex virus-mediated gene transfer of erythropoietin in hyperglycemic dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain 132 (2009) 879-888
40. Chen H.H., Tarng D.C., Lee K.F., Wu C.Y., and Chen Y.C. Epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa: effects on ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic kidney disease. J. Nephrol. 21 (2008) 543-549
41. Chen J., Connor K.M., Aderman C.M., Willett K.L., Aspegren O.P., and Smith L.E. Suppression of retinal neovascularization by erythropoietin siRNA in a mouse model of proliferative retinopathy. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 50 (2009) 1329-1335
42. Cherian L., Goodman J.C., and Robertson C. Neuroprotection with erythropoietin administration following controlled cortical impact injury in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 322 (2007) 789-794
43. Chikuma M., Masuda S., Kobayashi T., Nagao M., and Sasaki R. Tissue-specific regulation of erythropoietin production in the murine kidney, brain, and uterus. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 279 (2000) E1242-E1248
44. Chlopicki S., Swies J., Mogielnicki A., Buczko W., Bartus M., Lomnicka M., et al. 1-Methylnicotinamide (MNA), a primary metabolite of nicotinamide, exerts anti-thrombotic activity mediated by a cyclooxygenase-2/prostacyclin pathway. Br. J. Pharmacol. 152 (2007) 230-239
45. Chong Z.Z., Kang J., Li F., and Maiese K. MGluRI targets microglial activation and selectively prevents neuronal cell engulfment through Akt and caspase dependent pathways. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 197-211
46. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Akt1 drives endothelial cell membrane asymmetry and microglial activation through Bcl-x(L) and caspase 1, 3, and 9. Exp. Cell Res. 296 (2004) 196-207
47. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Angiogenesis and plasticity: role of erythropoietin in vascular systems. J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res. 11 (2002) 863-871
48. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Apaf-1, Bcl-xL, cytochrome c, and caspase-9 form the critical elements for cerebral vascular protection by erythropoietin. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23 (2003) 320-330
49. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin fosters both intrinsic and extrinsic neuronal protection through modulation of microglia, Akt1, Bad, and caspase-mediated pathways. Br. J. Pharmacol. 138 (2003) 1107-1118
50. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin is a novel vascular protectant through activation of Akt1 and mitochondrial modulation of cysteine proteases. Circulation 106 (2002) 2973-2979
51. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin: cytoprotection in vascular and neuronal cells. Curr. Drug Targets Cardiovasc. Haematol. Disord. 3 (2003) 141-154
52. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Essential cellular regulatory elements of oxidative stress in early and late phases of apoptosis in the central nervous system. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 6 (2004) 277-287
53. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Hematopoietic factor erythropoietin fosters neuroprotection through novel signal transduction cascades. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22 (2002) 503-514
54. Chong Z.Z., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Metabotropic glutamate receptors promote neuronal and vascular plasticity through novel intracellular pathways. Histol. Histopathol. 18 (2003) 173-189
55. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Activating Akt and the brain's resources to drive cellular survival and prevent inflammatory injury. Histol. Histopathol. 20 (2005) 299-315
56. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Attempted cell cycle induction in post-mitotic neurons occurs in early and late apoptotic programs through Rb, E2F1, and caspase 3. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 3 (2006) 25-39
57. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Cellular demise and inflammatory microglial activation during beta-amyloid toxicity are governed by Wnt1 and canonical signaling pathways. Cell. Signal. 19 (2007) 1150-1162
58. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Employing new cellular therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease: a change for the better?. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 55-72
59. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin requires NF-kappaB and its nuclear translocation to prevent early and late apoptotic neuronal injury during beta-amyloid toxicity. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 387-399
60. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Group I metabotropic receptor neuroprotection requires Akt and its substrates that Govern FOXO3a, Bim, and beta-catenin during oxidative stress. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 3 (2006) 107-117
61. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Oxidative stress in the brain: novel cellular targets that govern survival during neurodegenerative disease. Prog. Neurobiol. 75 (2005) 207-246
62. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. The pro-survival pathways of mTOR and protein kinase B target glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and nuclear factor-kappaB to foster endogenous microglial cell protection. Int. J. Mol. Med. 19 (2007) 263-272
63. Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Maiese K. Stress in the brain: novel cellular mechanisms of injury linked to Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 49 (2005) 1-21
64. Chong Z.Z., Lin S.H., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin prevents early and late neuronal demise through modulation of Akt1 and induction of caspase 1, 3, and 8. J. Neurosci. Res. 71 (2003) 659-669
65. Chong Z.Z., Lin S.H., Kang J.Q., and Maiese K. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 modulates MAP kinase p38 and caspase 1 and 3 to foster neuronal survival. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 23 (2003) 561-578
66. Chong Z.Z., Lin S.H., Li F., and Maiese K. The sirtuin inhibitor nicotinamide enhances neuronal cell survival during acute anoxic injury through Akt, Bad, PARP, and mitochondrial associated "anti-apoptotic" pathways. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 271-285
67. Chong Z.Z., Lin S.H., and Maiese K. The NAD+ precursor nicotinamide governs neuronal survival during oxidative stress through protein kinase B coupled to FOXO3a and mitochondrial membrane potential. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 24 (2004) 728-743
68. Chong Z.Z., Lin S.H., and Maiese K. Nicotinamide modulates mitochondrial membrane potential and cysteine protease activity during cerebral vascular endothelial cell injury. J. Vasc. Res. 39 (2002) 131-147
69. Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Enhanced tolerance against early and late apoptotic oxidative stress in mammalian neurons through nicotinamidase and sirtuin mediated pathways. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 5 (2008) 159-170
70. Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin involves the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, 14-3-3 protein and FOXO3a nuclear trafficking to preserve endothelial cell integrity. Br. J. Pharmacol. 150 (2007) 839-850
71. Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. The Src homology 2 domain tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2: diversified control of cell growth, inflammation, and injury. Histol. Histopathol. 22 (2007) 1251-1267
72. Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Maiese K. Vascular injury during elevated glucose can be mitigated by erythropoietin and Wnt signaling. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 4 (2007) 194-204
73. Chu K., Jung K.H., Lee S.T., Kim J.H., Kang K.M., Kim H.K., et al. Erythropoietin reduces epileptogenic processes following status epilepticus. Epilepsia 49 (2008) 1723-1732
74. Chuang H.H., and Lin S. Oxidative challenges sensitize the capsaicin receptor by covalent cysteine modification. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 (2009) 20097-20102
75. Clark K.L., Halay E.D., Lai E., and Burley S.K. Co-crystal structure of the HNF-3/fork head DNA-recognition motif resembles histone H5. Nature 364 (1993) 412-420
76. Cohen S.M., Cordeiro-Stone M., and Kaufman D.G. Early replication and the apoptotic pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 213 (2007) 434-439
77. Contaldo C., Meier C., Elsherbiny A., Harder Y., Trentz O., Menger M.D., et al. Human recombinant erythropoietin protects the striated muscle microcirculation of the dorsal skinfold from postischemic injury in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 293 (2007) H274-H283
78. Cools N., Ponsaerts P., Van Tendeloo V.F., and Berneman Z.N. Regulatory T cells and human disease. Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2007 (2007) 89195
79. Cornforth A.N., Davis J.S., Khanifar E., Nastiuk K.L., and Krolewski J.J. FOXO3a mediates the androgen-dependent regulation of FLIP and contributes to TRAIL-induced apoptosis of LNCaP cells. Oncogene 27 (2008) 4422-4433
80. Corwin H.L., Gettinger A., Fabian T.C., May A., Pearl R.G., Heard S., et al. Efficacy and safety of epoetin alfa in critically ill patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (2007) 965-976
81. Cuzzocrea S., Mazzon E., di Paola R., Genovese T., Patel N.S., Britti D., et al. Erythropoietin reduces the degree of arthritis caused by type II collagen in the mouse. Arthritis Rheum. 52 (2005) 940-950
82. Davis L.E., Widness J.A., and Brace R.A. Renal and placental secretion of erythropoietin during anemia or hypoxia in the ovine fetus. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 189 (2003) 1764-1770
83. De Felice F.G., Velasco P.T., Lambert M.P., Viola K., Fernandez S.J., Ferreira S.T., et al. Abeta oligomers induce neuronal oxidative stress through an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent mechanism that is blocked by the Alzheimer drug memantine. J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 11590-11601
84. Delpuech O., Griffiths B., East P., Essafi A., Lam E.W., Burgering B., et al. Induction of Mxi1-SR{alpha} by FOXO3a contributes to repression of Myc-dependent gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (2007) 4917-4930
85. Dharmarajan T.S., and Widjaja D. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in anemia: use and misuse. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 10 (2009) 607-616
86. Di Lisa F., Menabo R., Canton M., Barile M., and Bernardi P. Opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore causes depletion of mitochondrial and cytosolic NAD+ and is a causative event in the death of myocytes in postischemic reperfusion of the heart. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 2571-2575
87. Diamanti-Kandarakis E., Konstantinopoulos P.A., Papailiou J., Kandarakis S.A., Andreopoulos A., and Sykiotis G.P. Erythropoietin abuse and erythropoietin gene doping: detection strategies in the genomic era. Sports Med. 35 (2005) 831-840
88. Digicaylioglu M., Garden G., Timberlake S., Fletcher L., and Lipton S.A. Acute neuroprotective synergy of erythropoietin and insulin-like growth factor I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 (2004) 9855-9860
89. Dombroski D., Balasubramanian K., and Schroit A.J. Phosphatidylserine expression on cell surfaces promotes antibody-dependent aggregation and thrombosis in beta2-glycoprotein I-immune mice. J. Autoimmun. 14 (2000) 221-229
90. Donahoe S.M., Stewart G.C., McCabe C.H., Mohanavelu S., Murphy S.A., Cannon C.P., et al. Diabetes and mortality following acute coronary syndromes. JAMA 298 (2007) 765-775
91. Donohue J.M., Cevasco M., and Rosenthal M.B. A decade of direct-to-consumer advertising of prescription drugs. N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (2007) 673-681
92. Doolittle N.D., Peereboom D.M., Christoforidis G.A., Hall W.A., Palmieri D., Brock P.R., et al. Delivery of chemotherapy and antibodies across the blood-brain barrier and the role of chemoprotection, in primary and metastatic brain tumors: report of the Eleventh Annual Blood-Brain Barrier Consortium meeting. J. Neurooncol. 81 (2007) 81-91
93. Dringen R. Oxidative and antioxidative potential of brain microglial cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 7 (2005) 1223-1233
94. Duarte A.I., Proenca T., Oliveira C.R., Santos M.S., and Rego A.C. Insulin restores metabolic function in cultured cortical neurons subjected to oxidative stress. Diabetes 55 (2006) 2863-2870
95. Ebert L.M., Tan B.S., Browning J., Svobodova S., Russell S.E., Kirkpatrick N., et al. The regulatory T cell-associated transcription factor FoxP3 is expressed by tumor cells. Cancer Res. 68 (2008) 3001-3009
96. Eddy S.F., Kane S.E., and Sonenshein G.E. Trastuzumab-resistant HER2-driven breast cancer cells are sensitive to epigallocatechin-3 gallate. Cancer Res. 67 (2007) 9018-9023
97. Eliopoulos N., Gagnon R.F., Francois M., and Galipeau J. Erythropoietin delivery by genetically engineered bone marrow stromal cells for correction of anemia in mice with chronic renal failure. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17 (2006) 1576-1584
98. Emami K.H., and Corey E. When prostate cancer meets bone: control by wnts. Cancer Lett. 253 (2007) 170-179
99. Erslev A.J. In vitro production of erythropoietin by kidneys perfused with a serum-free solution. Blood 44 (1974) 77-85
100. Evans-Anderson H.J., Alfieri C.M., and Yutzey K.E. Regulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial growth during development by FOXO transcription factors. Circ. Res. 102 (2008) 686-694
101. Fabre S., Carrette F., Chen J., Lang V., Semichon M., Denoyelle C., et al. FOXO1 regulates l-selectin and a network of human T cell homing molecules downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J. Immunol. 181 (2008) 2980-2989
102. Fallarino F., Bianchi R., Orabona C., Vacca C., Belladonna M.L., Fioretti M.C., et al. CTLA-4-Ig activates forkhead transcription factors and protects dendritic cells from oxidative stress in nonobese diabetic mice. J. Exp. Med. 200 (2004) 1051-1062
103. Feng Y., Paul I.A., and LeBlanc M.H. Nicotinamide reduces hypoxic ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat. Brain Res. Bull. 69 (2006) 117-122
104. Fenjves E.S., Ochoa M.S., Cabrera O., Mendez A.J., Kenyon N.S., Inverardi L., et al. Human, nonhuman primate, and rat pancreatic islets express erythropoietin receptors. Transplantation 75 (2003) 1356-1360
105. Ferrara N., Rinaldi B., Corbi G., Conti V., Stiuso P., Boccuti S., et al. Exercise training promotes SIRT1 activity in aged rats. Rejuvenation Res. 11 1 (2008) 139-150
106. Ferri C., Giuggioli D., Sebastiani M., and Colaci M. Treatment of severe scleroderma skin ulcers with recombinant human erythropoietin. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 32 (2007) 287-290
107. Fisher J.W. Erythropoietin: physiology and pharmacology update. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 228 (2003) 1-14
108. Fisher-Wellman K., Bell H., and Bloomer R. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms linked to exercise during cardiopulmonary and metabolic disorders. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2 (2009) 43-51
109. Fliser D., and Haller H. Erythropoietin and treatment of non-anemic conditions - cardiovascular protection. Semin. Hematol. 44 (2007) 212-217
110. Frietsch T., Maurer M.H., Vogel J., Gassmann M., Kuschinsky W., and Waschke K.F. Reduced cerebral blood flow but elevated cerebral glucose metabolic rate in erythropoietin overexpressing transgenic mice with excessive erythrocytosis. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27 (2007) 469-476
111. Furukawa-Hibi Y., Yoshida-Araki K., Ohta T., Ikeda K., and Motoyama N. FOXO forkhead transcription factors induce G(2)-M checkpoint in response to oxidative stress. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 26729-26732
112. Furuyama T., Kitayama K., Shimoda Y., Ogawa M., Sone K., Yoshida-Araki K., et al. Abnormal angiogenesis in Foxo1 (Fkhr)-deficient mice. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 34741-34749
113. Furuyama T., Nakazawa T., Nakano I., and Mori N. Identification of the differential distribution patterns of mRNAs and consensus binding sequences for mouse DAF-16 homologues. Biochem. J. 349 (2000) 629-634
114. Furuyama T., Yamashita H., Kitayama K., Higami Y., Shimokawa I., and Mori N. Effects of aging and caloric restriction on the gene expression of Foxo1, 3, and 4 (FKHR, FKHRL1, and AFX) in the rat skeletal muscles. Microsc. Res. Tech. 59 (2002) 331-334
115. Gayer C.P., Chaturvedi L.S., Wang S., Craig D.H., Flanigan T., and Basson M.D. Strain-induced proliferation requires the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/glycogen synthase kinase pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 2001-2011
116. Genc S., Koroglu T.F., and Genc K. Erythropoietin and the nervous system. Brain Res. 1000 (2004) 19-31
117. Genc S., Koroglu T.F., and Genc K. Erythropoietin as a novel neuroprotectant. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 22 (2004) 105-119
118. Gibelli C. Uber den wert des serums anamisch gemachten tiere bei der regeneration des blutes. Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmacol. 65 (1911) 284-302
119. Gilfillan A.M., and Rivera J. The tyrosine kinase network regulating mast cell activation. Immunol. Rev. 228 (2009) 149-169
120. Gleissner C.A., Klingenberg R., Staritz P., Koch A., Ehlermann P., Wiggenhauser A., et al. Role of erythropoietin in anemia after heart transplantation. Int. J. Cardiol. 112 (2006) 341-347
121. Goettsch W., Gryczka C., Korff T., Ernst E., Goettsch C., Seebach J., et al. Flow-dependent regulation of angiopoietin-2. J. Cell. Physiol. 214 (2008) 491-503
122. Goldberg N., Lundin A.P., Delano B., Friedman E.A., and Stein R.A. Changes in left ventricular size, wall thickness, and function in anemic patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Am. Heart J. 124 (1992) 424-427
123. Gomez-Gutierrez J.G., Souza V., Hao H.Y., Montes de Oca-Luna R., Dong Y.B., Zhou H.S., et al. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of FKHRL1 triple mutant efficiently induces apoptosis in melanoma cells. Cancer Biol. Ther. 5 (2006) 875-883
124. Gonzalez F.F., McQuillen P., Mu D., Chang Y., Wendland M., Vexler Z., et al. Erythropoietin enhances long-term neuroprotection and neurogenesis in neonatal stroke. Dev. Neurosci. 29 (2007) 321-330
125. Gossai D., and Lau-Cam C.A. The effects of taurine, taurine homologs and hypotaurine on cell and membrane antioxidative system alterations caused by type 2 diabetes in rat erythrocytes. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 643 (2009) 359-368
126. Grant S.F., Thorleifsson G., Reynisdottir I., Benediktsson R., Manolescu A., Sainz J., et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat. Genet. 38 (2006) 320-323
127. Guarnieri G., Zanetti M., Vinci P., Cattin M.R., and Barazzoni R. Insulin resistance in chronic uremia. J. Ren. Nutr. 19 (2009) 20-24
128. Guo S., Rena G., Cichy S., He X., Cohen P., and Unterman T. Phosphorylation of serine 256 by protein kinase B disrupts transactivation by FKHR and mediates effects of insulin on insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 promoter activity through a conserved insulin response sequence. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 17184-17192
129. Guo Y.F., Xiong D.H., Shen H., Zhao L.J., Xiao P., Guo Y., et al. Polymorphisms of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene are associated with obesity phenotypes in a large family-based association study. J. Med. Genet. 43 (2006) 798-803
130. Han C.Y., Cho K.B., Choi H.S., Han H.K., and Kang K.W. Role of FoxO1 activation in MDR1 expression in adriamycin-resistant breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 29 (2008) 1837-1844
131. Hannenhalli S., Putt M.E., Gilmore J.M., Wang J., Parmacek M.S., Epstein J.A., et al. Transcriptional genomics associates FOX transcription factors with human heart failure. Circulation 114 (2006) 1269-1276
132. Hao J., Shen W., Tian C., Liu Z., Ren J., Luo C., et al. Mitochondrial nutrients improve immune dysfunction in the type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 13 (2009) 701-711
133. Hara N., Yamada K., Shibata T., Osago H., Hashimoto T., and Tsuchiya M. Elevation of cellular NAD levels by nicotinic acid and involvement of nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase in human cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 24574-24582
134. Hardee M.E., Rabbani Z.N., Arcasoy M.O., Kirkpatrick J.P., Vujaskovic Z., Dewhirst M.W., et al. Erythropoietin inhibits apoptosis in breast cancer cells via an Akt-dependent pathway without modulating in vivo chemosensitivity. Mol. Cancer Ther. 5 (2006) 356-361
135. Harris S.E., Fox H., Wright A.F., Hayward C., Starr J.M., Whalley L.J., et al. A genetic association analysis of cognitive ability and cognitive ageing using 325 markers for 109 genes associated with oxidative stress or cognition. BMC Genet. 8 (2007) 43
136. Hassan K., Gross B., Simri W., Rubinchik I., Cohen H., Jacobi J., et al. The presence of erythropoietin receptors in the human peripheral nervous system. Clin. Nephrol. 61 (2004) 127-129
137. He Z., Huang L., Wu Y., Wang J., Wang H., and Guo L. DDPH: improving cognitive deficits beyond its alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonism in chronic cerebral hypoperfused rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 588 (2008) 178-188
138. He Z., Lu Q., Xu X., Huang L., Chen J., and Guo L. DDPH ameliorated oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced injury in rat hippocampal neurons via interrupting Ca2+ overload and glutamate release. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 603 (2009) 50-55
139. Heeschen C., Aicher A., Lehmann R., Fichtlscherer S., Vasa M., Urbich C., et al. Erythropoietin is a potent physiologic stimulus for endothelial progenitor cell mobilization. Blood 102 (2003) 1340-1346
140. Hellwinkel O.J., Rogmann J.P., Asong L.E., Luebke A.M., Eichelberg C., Ahyai S., et al. A comprehensive analysis of transcript signatures of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B signal-transduction pathway in prostate cancer. BJU Int. 101 (2008) 1454-1460
141. Henry D.H., Bowers P., Romano M.T., and Provenzano R. Epoetin alfa. Clinical evolution of a pleiotropic cytokine. Arch. Intern. Med. 164 (2004) 262-276
142. Hillion J., Le Coniat M., Jonveaux P., Berger R., and Bernard O.A. AF6q21, a novel partner of the MLL gene in t(6;11)(q21;q23), defines a forkhead transcriptional factor subfamily. Blood 90 (1997) 3714-3719
143. Hoekman M.F., Jacobs F.M., Smidt M.P., and Burbach J.P. Spatial and temporal expression of FoxO transcription factors in the developing and adult murine brain. Gene Expr. Patterns 6 (2006) 134-140
144. Hoekstra A.V., Ward E.C., Hardt J.L., Lurain J.R., Singh D.K., Buttin B.M., et al. Chemosensitization of endometrial cancer cells through AKT inhibition involves FOXO1. Gynecol. Oncol. 108 (2008) 609-618
145. Hoogeboom D., Essers M.A., Polderman P.E., Voets E., Smits L.M., and Burgering B.M. Interaction of FOXO with {beta}-catenin inhibits {beta}-catenin/T cell factor activity. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (2008) 9224-9230
146. Hosaka T., Biggs III W.H., Tieu D., Boyer A.D., Varki N.M., Cavenee W.K., et al. Disruption of forkhead transcription factor (FOXO) family members in mice reveals their functional diversification. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 (2004) 2975-2980
147. Hu M.C., Lee D.F., Xia W., Golfman L.S., Ou-Yang F., Yang J.Y., et al. IkappaB kinase promotes tumorigenesis through inhibition of forkhead FOXO3a. Cell 117 (2004) 225-237
148. Idelson M., Alper R., Obolensky A., Ben-Shushan E., Hemo I., Yachimovich-Cohen N., et al. Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into functional retinal pigment epithelium cells. Cell Stem Cell 5 (2009) 396-408
149. Ieraci A., and Herrera D.G. Nicotinamide protects against ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing mouse brain. PLoS Med. 3 (2006) e101
150. Ito N., Bartunek J., Spitzer K.W., and Lorell B.H. Effects of the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside on intracellular pH and contraction in hypertrophied myocytes. Circulation 95 (1997) 2303-2311
151. Jacobs K., Shoemaker C., Rudersdorf R., Neill S.D., Kaufman R.J., Mufson A., et al. Isolation and characterization of genomic and cDNA clones of human erythropoietin. Nature 313 (1985) 806-810
152. Jagani Z., Singh A., and Khosravi-Far R. FoxO tumor suppressors and BCR-ABL-induced leukemia: a matter of evasion of apoptosis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1785 (2008) 63-84
153. Jessel R., Haertel S., Socaciu C., Tykhonova S., and Diehl H.A. Kinetics of apoptotic markers in exogeneously induced apoptosis of EL4 cells. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 6 (2002) 82-92
154. Jin C., Marsden I., Chen X., and Liao X. Sequence specific collective motions in a winged helix DNA binding domain detected by 15N relaxation NMR. Biochemistry 37 (1998) 6179-6187
155. Jin G.S., Kondo E., Miyake T., Shibata M., Takashima T., Liu Y.X., et al. Expression and intracellular localization of FKHRL1 in mammary gland neoplasms. Acta Med. Okayama 58 (2004) 197-205
156. Jonsson H., Allen P., and Peng S.L. Inflammatory arthritis requires Foxo3a to prevent Fas ligand-induced neutrophil apoptosis. Nat. Med. 11 (2005) 666-671
157. Joyeux-Faure M. Cellular protection by erythropoietin: new therapeutic implications?. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 323 (2007) 759-762
158. Kaestner K.H., Knochel W., and Martinez D.E. Unified nomenclature for the winged helix/forkhead transcription factors. Genes Dev. 14 (2000) 142-146
159. Kaindl A.M., Sifringer M., Koppelstaetter A., Genz K., Loeber R., Boerner C., et al. Erythropoietin protects the developing brain from hyperoxia-induced cell death and proteome changes. Ann. Neurol. 64 (2008) 523-534
160. Kaiser K., Texier A., Ferrandiz J., Buguet A., Meiller A., Latour C., et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin prevents the death of mice during cerebral malaria. J. Infect. Dis. 193 (2006) 987-995
161. Kamagate A., and Dong H.H. Foxo1 integrates insulin signaling to VLDL production. Cell Cycle 7 (2008) 3162-3170
162. Kamei Y., Miura S., Suzuki M., Kai Y., Mizukami J., Taniguchi T., et al. Skeletal muscle FOXO1 (FKHR) transgenic mice have less skeletal muscle mass, down-regulated type I (slow twitch/red muscle) fiber genes, and impaired glycemic control. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 41114-41123
163. Kanbay M., Akcay A., Delibasi T., Uz B., Kaya A., Koca C., et al. Comparison of effects of darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa on serum endothelin level and blood pressure. Adv. Ther. 24 (2007) 346-352
164. Kang J.Q., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Akt1 protects against inflammatory microglial activation through maintenance of membrane asymmetry and modulation of cysteine protease activity. J. Neurosci. Res. 74 (2003) 37-51
165. Kang J.Q., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Critical role for Akt1 in the modulation of apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure and microglial activation. Mol. Pharmacol. 64 (2003) 557-569
166. Karunakaran S., Diwakar L., Saeed U., Agarwal V., Ramakrishnan S., Iyengar S., et al. Activation of apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and translocation of death-associated protein, Daxx, in substantia nigra pars compacta in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease: protection by alpha-lipoic acid. FASEB J. 21 (2007) 2226-2236
167. Kikuchi A., Yamamoto H., and Sato A. Selective activation mechanisms of Wnt signaling pathways. Trends Cell Biol. 19 (2009) 119-129
168. Kikuchi S., Nagai T., Kunitama M., Kirito K., Ozawa K., and Komatsu N. Active FKHRL1 overcomes imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived cell lines via the production of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Cancer Sci. 98 (2007) 1949-1958
169. Kikuno N., Shiina H., Urakami S., Kawamoto K., Hirata H., Tanaka Y., et al. Knockdown of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 inhibits prostate cancer progression through upregulation of FOXO3a activity. Oncogene 26 (2007) 7647-7655
170. Kim J.H., Kim M.K., Lee H.E., Cho S.J., Cho Y.J., Lee B.L., et al. Constitutive phosphorylation of the FOXO1A transcription factor as a prognostic variable in gastric cancer. Mod. Pathol. 20 (2007) 835-842
171. Kim J.R., Jung H.S., Bae S.W., Kim J.H., Park B.L., Choi Y.H., et al. Polymorphisms in FOXO gene family and association analysis with BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 14 (2006) 188-193
172. Kim K.H., Oudit G.Y., and Backx P.H. Erythropoietin protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy via a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 324 (2008) 160-169
173. King V.R., Averill S.A., Hewazy D., Priestley J.V., Torup L., and Michael-Titus A.T. Erythropoietin and carbamylated erythropoietin are neuroprotective following spinal cord hemisection in the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 26 (2007) 90-100
174. Koh S.H., Noh M.Y., Cho G.W., Kim K.S., and Kim S.H. Erythropoietin increases the motility of human bone marrow-multipotent stromal cells (hBM-MSCs) and enhances the production of neurotrophic factors from hBM-MSCs. Stem Cells Dev. 18 (2009) 411-421
175. Kokhaei P., Abdalla A.O., Hansson L., Mikaelsson E., Kubbies M., Haselbeck A., et al. Expression of erythropoietin receptor and in vitro functional effects of epoetins in B-cell malignancies. Clin. Cancer Res. 13 (2007) 3536-3544
176. Kono K., Kawaida H., Takahashi A., Sugai H., Mimura K., Miyagawa N., et al. CD4(+)CD25high regulatory T cells increase with tumor stage in patients with gastric and esophageal cancers. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 55 (2006) 1064-1071
177. Krantz S.B. Erythropoietin. Blood 77 (1991) 419-434
178. Kratzsch J., Knerr I., Galler A., Kapellen T., Raile K., Korner A., et al. Metabolic decompensation in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with increased serum levels of the soluble leptin receptor. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 155 (2006) 609-614
179. Kuhad A., Bishnoi M., Tiwari V., and Chopra K. Suppression of NF-kappabeta signaling pathway by tocotrienol can prevent diabetes associated cognitive deficits. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 92 (2009) 251-259
180. Kuo C.C., and Lin S.C. Altered FOXO1 transcript levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Mol. Med. 13 (2007) 561-566
181. Lacombe C., Da Silva J.L., Bruneval P., Casadevall N., Camilleri J.P., Bariety J., et al. Erythropoietin: sites of synthesis and regulation of secretion. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 18 (1991) 14-19
182. Lagreze W.A., Feltgen N., Bach M., and Jehle T. Feasibility of intravitreal erythropoietin injections in humans. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 93 (2009) 1667-1671
183. Lai S.Y., and Grandis J.R. Understanding the presence and function of erythropoietin receptors on cancer cells. J. Clin. Oncol. 24 (2006) 4675-4676
184. Lappas M., Lim R., Riley C., Rice G.E., and Permezel M. Localisation and expression of FoxO1 proteins in human gestational tissues. Placenta 30 (2009) 256-262
185. Larson E.T., Eilers B., Menon S., Reiter D., Ortmann A., Young M.J., et al. A winged-helix protein from Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus points toward stabilizing disulfide bonds in the intracellular proteins of a hyperthermophilic virus. Virology 368 (2007) 249-261
186. Lehman D.M., Hunt K.J., Leach R.J., Hamlington J., Arya R., Abboud H.E., et al. Haplotypes of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene and its upstream region are associated with type 2 diabetes and age of onset in Mexican Americans. Diabetes 56 (2007) 389-393
187. Lehtinen M.K., Yuan Z., Boag P.R., Yang Y., Villen J., Becker E.B., et al. A conserved MST-FOXO signaling pathway mediates oxidative-stress responses and extends life span. Cell 125 (2006) 987-1001
188. Leong M.L., Maiyar A.C., Kim B., O'Keeffe B.A., and Firestone G.L. Expression of the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase, Sgk, is a cell survival response to multiple types of environmental stress stimuli in mammary epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 5871-5882
189. Leuner K., Hauptmann S., Abdel-Kader R., Scherping I., Keil U., Strosznajder J.B., et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction: the first domino in brain aging and Alzheimer's disease?. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 9 (2007) 1659-1675
190. Leytin V., Allen D.J., Mykhaylov S., Lyubimov E., and Freedman J. Thrombin-triggered platelet apoptosis. J. Thromb. Haemost. 4 (2006) 2656-2663
191. Li C.L., Jiang J., Fan Y.Q., Fu G.S., Wang J.A., and Fan W.M. Knockout of the tumor necrosis factor a receptor 1 gene can up-regulate erythropoietin receptor during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Chin. Med. J. (Engl.) 122 (2009) 566-570
192. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Cell life versus cell longevity: the mysteries surrounding the NAD(+) precursor nicotinamide. Curr. Med. Chem. 13 (2006) 883-895
193. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Erythropoietin on a tightrope: balancing neuronal and vascular protection between intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Neurosignals 13 (2004) 265-289
194. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Microglial integrity is maintained by erythropoietin through integration of Akt and its substrates of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, beta-catenin, and nuclear factor-kappaB. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 3 (2006) 187-201
195. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Navigating novel mechanisms of cellular plasticity with the NAD+ precursor and nutrient nicotinamide. Front. Biosci. 9 (2004) 2500-2520
196. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Vital elements of the wnt-frizzled signaling pathway in the nervous system. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 331-340
197. Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Winding through the WNT pathway during cellular development and demise. Histol. Histopathol. 21 (2006) 103-124
198. Li H., Liang J., Castrillon D.H., DePinho R.A., Olson E.N., and Liu Z.P. FoxO4 regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha-directed smooth muscle cell migration by activating matrix metalloproteinase 9 gene transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 27 (2007) 2676-2686
199. Li H.H., Willis M.S., Lockyer P., Miller N., McDonough H., Glass D.J., et al. Atrogin-1 inhibits Akt-dependent cardiac hypertrophy in mice via ubiquitin-dependent coactivation of forkhead proteins. J. Clin. Invest. 117 (2007) 3211-3223
200. Li Y., Lu Z., Keogh C.L., Yu S.P., and Wei L. Erythropoietin-induced neurovascular protection, angiogenesis, and cerebral blood flow restoration after focal ischemia in mice. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27 (2007) 1043-1054
201. Li Y., Wang Z., Kong D., Murthy S., Dou Q.P., Sheng S., et al. Regulation of FOXO3a/beta-catenin/GSK-3beta signaling by 3, 3′-diindolylmethane contributes to inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 21542-21550
202. Lin C.L., Wang J.Y., Huang Y.T., Kuo Y.H., Surendran K., and Wang F.S. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling modulates survival of high glucose-stressed mesangial cells. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17 (2006) 2812-2820
203. Lin F.K., Suggs S., Lin C.H., Browne J.K., Smalling R., Egrie J.C., et al. Cloning and expression of the human erythropoietin gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82 (1985) 7580-7584
204. Lin J., Zheng S., and Chen A. Curcumin attenuates the effects of insulin on stimulating hepatic stellate cell activation by interrupting insulin signaling and attenuating oxidative stress. Lab. Invest. 89 (2009) 1397-1409
205. Lin J.S., Chen Y.S., Chiang H.S., and Ma M.C. Hypoxic preconditioning protects rat hearts against ischaemia-reperfusion injury: role of erythropoietin on progenitor cell mobilization. J. Physiol. 586 (2008) 5757-5769
206. Lin K., Dorman J.B., Rodan A., and Kenyon C. Daf-16: An HNF-3/forkhead family member that can function to double the life-span of Caenorhabditis elegans. Science 278 (1997) 1319-1322
207. Lin L., Hron J.D., and Peng S.L. Regulation of NF-kappaB, Th activation, and autoinflammation by the forkhead transcription factor Foxo3a. Immunity 21 (2004) 203-213
208. Lin S.H., Chong Z.Z., and Maiese K. Cell cycle induction in post-mitotic neurons proceeds in concert with the initial phase of programmed cell death in rat. Neurosci. Lett. 310 (2001) 173-177
209. Lin S.H., and Maiese K. The metabotropic glutamate receptor system protects against ischemic free radical programmed cell death in rat brain endothelial cells. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 21 (2001) 262-275
210. Lin S.H., Vincent A., Shaw T., Maynard K.I., and Maiese K. Prevention of nitric oxide-induced neuronal injury through the modulation of independent pathways of programmed cell death. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 20 (2000) 1380-1391
211. Liu C.M., Yang Z., Liu C.W., Wang R., Tien P., Dale R., et al. Effect of RNA oligonucleotide targeting Foxo-1 on muscle growth in normal and cancer cachexia mice. Cancer Gene Ther. 14 (2007) 945-952
212. Liu L., Rajareddy S., Reddy P., Du C., Jagarlamudi K., Shen Y., et al. Infertility caused by retardation of follicular development in mice with oocyte-specific expression of Foxo3a. Development 134 (2007) 199-209
213. Liu P., Kao T.P., and Huang H. CDK1 promotes cell proliferation and survival via phosphorylation and inhibition of FOXO1 transcription factor. Oncogene 27 (2008) 4733-4744
214. Liu R., Suzuki A., Guo Z., Mizuno Y., and Urabe T. Intrinsic and extrinsic erythropoietin enhances neuroprotection against ischemia and reperfusion injury in vitro. J. Neurochem. 96 (2006) 1101-1110
215. Liu Z.P., Wang Z., Yanagisawa H., and Olson E.N. Phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells through interaction of Foxo4 and myocardin. Dev. Cell 9 (2005) 261-270
216. Lu J., Wu D.M., Zheng Y.L., Sun D.X., Hu B., Shan Q., et al. Trace amounts of copper exacerbate beta amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in the cholesterol-fed mice through TNF-mediated inflammatory pathway. Brain Behav. Immun. 23 (2009) 193-203
217. Ludikhuize J., de Launay D., Groot D., Smeets T.J., Vinkenoog M., Sanders M.E., et al. Inhibition of forkhead box class O family member transcription factors in rheumatoid synovial tissue. Arthritis Rheum. 56 (2007) 2180-2191
218. Lynch R.L., Konicek B.W., McNulty A.M., Hanna K.R., Lewis J.E., Neubauer B.L., et al. The progression of LNCaP human prostate cancer cells to androgen independence involves decreased FOXO3a expression and reduced p27KIP1 promoter transactivation. Mol. Cancer Res. 3 (2005) 163-169
219. Maiese K. Diabetic stress: new triumphs and challenges to maintain vascular longevity. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 6 (2008) 281-284
220. Maiese K. The dynamics of cellular injury: transformation into neuronal and vascular protection. Histol. Histopathol. 16 (2001) 633-644
221. Maiese K. Marking the onset of oxidative stress: biomarkers and novel strategies. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2 (2009) 1
222. Maiese K. Triple play: promoting neurovascular longevity with nicotinamide, WNT, and erythropoietin in diabetes mellitus. Biomed. Pharmacother. 62 (2008) 218-232
223. Maiese K., Ahmad I., TenBroeke M., and Gallant J. Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes independently modulate neuronal intracellular calcium. J. Neurosci. Res. 55 (1999) 472-485
224. Maiese K., and Boccone L. Neuroprotection by peptide growth factors against anoxia and nitric oxide toxicity requires modulation of protein kinase C. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 15 (1995) 440-449
225. Maiese K., Boniece I.R., Skurat K., and Wagner J.A. Protein kinases modulate the sensitivity of hippocampal neurons to nitric oxide toxicity and anoxia. J. Neurosci. Res. 36 (1993) 77-87
226. Maiese K., Chong Z., Hou J., and Shang Y. The "O" class: crafting clinical care with FoxO transcription factors. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 665 (2009) 242-260
227. Maiese, K., Chong, Z., Li, F., 2009b. Reducing oxidative stress and enhancing neurovascular longevity during diabetes mellitus. In: Maiese, K., (Ed.), Neurovascular Medicine: Pursuing Cellular Longevity for Healthy Aging, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, ISBN13: 978-0-19-532669-7, ISBN10: 0-19-532669-5, 540-564.
228. Maiese K., and Chong Z.Z. Insights into oxidative stress and potential novel therapeutic targets for Alzheimer disease. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 22 (2004) 87-104
229. Maiese K., and Chong Z.Z. Nicotinamide: necessary nutrient emerges as a novel cytoprotectant for the brain. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 24 (2003) 228-232
230. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Hou J., and Shang Y.C. Erythropoietin and oxidative stress. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 5 (2008) 125-142
231. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Hou J., and Shang Y.C. New strategies for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2 (2009) 279-290
232. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Hou J., and Shang Y.C. The vitamin nicotinamide: translating nutrition into clinical care. Molecules 14 (2009) 3446-3485
233. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., and Li F. Driving cellular plasticity and survival through the signal transduction pathways of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2 (2005) 425-446
234. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Li F., and Shang Y.C. Erythropoietin: elucidating new cellular targets that broaden therapeutic strategies. Prog. Neurobiol. 85 (2008) 194-213
235. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. Mechanistic insights into diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. Curr. Med. Chem. 14 (2007) 1729-1738
236. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. OutFOXOing disease and disability: the therapeutic potential of targeting FoxO proteins. Trends Mol. Med. 14 (2008) 219-227
237. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. Raves and risks for erythropoietin. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 19 (2008) 145-155
238. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. "Sly as a FOXO": new paths with forkhead signaling in the brain. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 4 (2007) 295-302
239. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Hou J. Clever cancer strategies with FoxO transcription factors. Cell Cycle 7 (2008) 3829-3839
240. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Hou J. FoxO proteins: cunning concepts and considerations for the cardiovascular system. Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 116 (2009) 191-203
241. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Hou J. A "FOXO" in sight: targeting Foxo proteins from conception to cancer. Med. Res. Rev. 29 (2009) 395-418
242. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Hou J. Rogue proliferation versus restorative protection: where do we draw the line for Wnt and forkhead signaling?. Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 12 (2008) 905-916
243. Maiese K., Chong Z.Z., Shang Y.C., and Hou J. Therapeutic promise and principles: metabotropic glutamate receptors. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 1 (2008) 1-14
244. Maiese K., Hou J., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. Erythropoietin, forkhead proteins, and oxidative injury: biomarkers and biology. ScientificWorldJournal 9 (2009) 1072-1104
245. Maiese K., Hou J., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. A fork in the path: developing therapeutic inroads with FoxO proteins. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2 (2009) 119-126
246. Maiese K., Li F., and Chong Z.Z. Erythropoietin and cancer. JAMA 293 (2005) 1858-1859
247. Maiese K., Li F., and Chong Z.Z. Erythropoietin in the brain: can the promise to protect be fulfilled?. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25 (2004) 577-583
248. Maiese K., Li F., and Chong Z.Z. New avenues of exploration for erythropoietin. JAMA 293 (2005) 90-95
249. Maiese K., Li F., Chong Z.Z., and Shang Y.C. The Wnt signaling pathway: aging gracefully as a protectionist?. Pharmacol. Ther. 118 (2008) 58-81
250. Maiese K., Morhan S.D., and Chong Z.Z. Oxidative stress biology and cell injury during type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 4 (2007) 63-71
251. Maiese K., TenBroeke M., and Kue I. Neuroprotection of lubeluzole is mediated through the signal transduction pathways of nitric oxide. J. Neurochem. 68 (1997) 710-714
252. Maiese K., Vincent A., Lin S.H., and Shaw T. Group I and group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes provide enhanced neuroprotection. J. Neurosci. Res. 62 (2000) 257-272
253. Maiese K., and Vincent A.M. Critical temporal modulation of neuronal programmed cell injury. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 20 (2000) 383-400
254. Maiese K., and Vincent A.M. Membrane asymmetry and DNA degradation: functionally distinct determinants of neuronal programmed cell death. J. Neurosci. Res. 59 (2000) 568-580
255. Mallat M., Marin-Teva J.L., and Cheret C. Phagocytosis in the developing CNS: more than clearing the corpses. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 15 (2005) 101-107
256. Mancini D.M., Katz S.D., Lang C.C., LaManca J., Hudaihed A., and Androne A.S. Effect of erythropoietin on exercise capacity in patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure. Circulation 107 (2003) 294-299
257. Mao W., Iwai C., Liu J., Sheu S.S., Fu M., and Liang C.S. Darbepoetin alfa exerts a cardioprotective effect in autoimmune cardiomyopathy via reduction of ER stress and activation of the PI3K/Akt and STAT3 pathways. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 45 (2008) 250-260
258. Marchetti V., Menghini R., Rizza S., Vivanti A., Feccia T., Lauro D., et al. Benfotiamine counteracts glucose toxicity effects on endothelial progenitor cell differentiation via Akt/FoxO signaling. Diabetes 55 (2006) 2231-2237
259. Mari C., Karabiyikoglu M., Goris M.L., Tait J.F., Yenari M.A., and Blankenberg F.G. Detection of focal hypoxic-ischemic injury and neuronal stress in a rodent model of unilateral MCA occlusion/reperfusion using radiolabeled annexin V. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 31 (2004) 733-739
260. Mason-Garcia M., Beckman B.S., Brookins J.W., Powell J.S., Lanham W., Blaisdell S., et al. Development of a new radioimmunoassay for erythropoietin using recombinant erythropoietin. Kidney Int. 38 (1990) 969-975
261. Masuda S., Kobayashi T., Chikuma M., Nagao M., and Sasaki R. The oviduct produces erythropoietin in an estrogen- and oxygen-dependent manner. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 278 (2000) E1038-E1044
262. Matsuzaki H., Daitoku H., Hatta M., Aoyama H., Yoshimochi K., and Fukamizu A. Acetylation of Foxo1 alters its DNA-binding ability and sensitivity to phosphorylation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 (2005) 11278-11283
263. Matsuzaki H., Daitoku H., Hatta M., Tanaka K., and Fukamizu A. Insulin-induced phosphorylation of FKHR (Foxo1) targets to proteasomal degradation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003) 11285-11290
264. Mehlhorn G., Hollborn M., and Schliebs R. Induction of cytokines in glial cells surrounding cortical beta-amyloid plaques in transgenic Tg2576 mice with Alzheimer pathology. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 18 (2000) 423-431
265. Meloni B.P., Tilbrook P.A., Boulos S., Arthur P.G., and Knuckey N.W. Erythropoietin preconditioning in neuronal cultures: signaling, protection from in vitro ischemia, and proteomic analysis. J. Neurosci. Res. 83 (2006) 584-593
266. Mercado-Gomez O., Hernandez-Fonseca K., Villavicencio-Queijeiro A., Massieu L., Chimal-Monroy J., and Arias C. Inhibition of Wnt and PI3K signaling modulates GSK-3beta activity and induces morphological changes in cortical neurons: role of tau phosphorylation. Neurochem. Res. 33 (2008) 1599-1609
267. Mikati M.A., Hokayem J.A., and Sabban M.E. Effects of a single dose of erythropoietin on subsequent seizure susceptibility in rats exposed to acute hypoxia at p10. Epilepsia 48 (2007) 175-181
268. Miki T., Miura T., Yano T., Takahashi A., Sakamoto J., Tanno M., et al. Alteration in erythropoietin-induced cardioprotective signaling by postinfarct ventricular remodeling. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 317 (2006) 68-75
269. Miyamoto K., Araki K.Y., Naka K., Arai F., Takubo K., Yamazaki S., et al. Foxo3a is essential for maintenance of the hematopoietic stem cell pool. Cell Stem Cell 1 (2007) 101-112
270. Mocini D., Leone T., Tubaro M., Santini M., and Penco M. Structure, production and function of erythropoietin: implications for therapeutical use in cardiovascular disease. Curr. Med. Chem. 14 (2007) 2278-2287
271. Mocini D., Muso P., Guendouz E., De Marco L., Mele L., Cini R., et al. Endogenous erythropoietin and a single bolus of 40, 000 IU of epoetin alpha do not protect the heart from ischaemia-reperfusion injury during extracorporeal circulation for cardiac surgery. Perfusion 23 (2008) 187-192
272. Modur V., Nagarajan R., Evers B.M., and Milbrandt J. FOXO proteins regulate tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand expression. Implications for PTEN mutation in prostate cancer. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 47928-47937
273. Mojiminiyi O.A., Abdella N.A., Zaki M.Y., El Gebely S.A., Mohamedi H.M., and Aldhahi W.A. Prevalence and associations of low plasma erythropoietin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet. Med. 23 (2006) 839-844
274. Montero M., Poulsen F.R., Noraberg J., Kirkeby A., van Beek J., Leist M., et al. Comparison of neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO) and carbamylerythropoietin (CEPO) against ischemia-like oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and NMDA excitotoxicity in mouse hippocampal slice cultures. Exp. Neurol. 204 (2007) 106-117
275. Moon C., Krawczyk M., Paik D., Coleman T., Brines M., Juhaszova M., et al. Erythropoietin, modified to not stimulate red blood cell production, retains its cardioprotective properties. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 316 (2006) 999-1005
276. Morris J.B., Kenney B., Huynh H., and Woodcock E.A. Regulation of the proapoptotic factor FOXO1 (FKHR) in cardiomyocytes by growth factors and alpha1-adrenergic agonists. Endocrinology 146 (2005) 4370-4376
277. Mujais S.K., Beru N., Pullman T.N., and Goldwasser E. Erythropoietin is produced by tubular cells of the rat kidney. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 30 (1999) 153-166
278. Muller F.L., Lustgarten M.S., Jang Y., Richardson A., and Van Remmen H. Trends in oxidative aging theories. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 43 (2007) 477-503
279. Munoz-Fontela C., Marcos-Villar L., Gallego P., Arroyo J., Da Costa M., Pomeranz K.M., et al. Latent protein LANA2 from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and inhibits FOXO3a transcription factor. J. Virol. 81 (2007) 1511-1516
280. Nadam J., Navarro F., Sanchez P., Moulin C., Georges B., Laglaine A., et al. Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin in the rat hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Neurobiol. Dis. 25 (2007) 412-426
281. Nagai A., Nakagawa E., Choi H.B., Hatori K., Kobayashi S., and Kim S.U. Erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptors in human CNS neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes grown in culture. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 60 (2001) 386-392
282. Nakae J., Cao Y., Oki M., Orba Y., Sawa H., Kiyonari H., et al. Forkhead transcription factor FoxO1 in adipose tissue regulates energy storage and expenditure. Diabetes 57 (2008) 563-576
283. Nakae J., Park B.C., and Accili D. Insulin stimulates phosphorylation of the forkhead transcription factor FKHR on serine 253 through a Wortmannin-sensitive pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 15982-15985
284. Nakamura T., and Sakamoto K. Forkhead transcription factor FOXO subfamily is essential for reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 281 1-2 (2007) 47-55
285. Namiuchi S., Kagaya Y., Ohta J., Shiba N., Sugi M., Oikawa M., et al. High serum erythropoietin level is associated with smaller infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction who undergo successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 45 (2005) 1406-1412
286. Ni Y.G., Wang N., Cao D.J., Sachan N., Morris D.J., Gerard R.D., et al. FoxO transcription factors activate Akt and attenuate insulin signaling in heart by inhibiting protein phosphatases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (2007) 20517-20522
287. Ning S., Hartley C., Molineux G., and Knox S.J. Darbepoietin alfa potentiates the efficacy of radiation therapy in mice with corrected or uncorrected anemia. Cancer Res. 65 (2005) 284-290
288. Nowak K., Killmer K., Gessner C., and Lutz W. E2F-1 regulates expression of FOXO1 and FOXO3a. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1769 (2007) 244-252
289. Obara N., Imagawa S., Nakano Y., Suzuki N., Yamamoto M., and Nagasawa T. Suppression of erythropoietin gene expression by cadmium depends on inhibition of HIF-1, not stimulation of GATA-2. Arch. Toxicol. 77 (2003) 267-273
290. Obexer P., Geiger K., Ambros P.F., Meister B., and Ausserlechner M.J. FKHRL1-mediated expression of Noxa and Bim induces apoptosis via the mitochondria in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Death Differ. 14 (2007) 534-547
291. Ogg S., Paradis S., Gottlieb S., Patterson G.I., Lee L., Tissenbaum H.A., et al. The Fork head transcription factor DAF-16 transduces insulin-like metabolic and longevity signals in C. elegans. Nature 389 (1997) 994-999
292. Ogilvie M., Yu X., Nicolas-Metral V., Pulido S.M., Liu C., Ruegg U.T., et al. Erythropoietin stimulates proliferation and interferes with differentiation of myoblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 39754-39761
293. Okouchi M., Ekshyyan O., Maracine M., and Aw T.Y. Neuronal apoptosis in neurodegeneration. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 9 (2007) 1059-1096
294. Okutan O., Solaroglu I., Beskonakli E., and Taskin Y. Recombinant human erythropoietin decreases myeloperoxidase and caspase-3 activity and improves early functional results after spinal cord injury in rats. J. Clin. Neurosci. 14 (2007) 364-368
295. Okutan O., Turkoglu O.F., Gok H.B., and Beskonakli E. Neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin after experimental cold injury-induced vasogenic brain edema in rats. Surg. Neurol. 70 (2008) 498-502
296. Olea F.D., Vera Janavel G., De Lorenzi A., Cuniberti L., Yannarelli G., Cabeza Meckert P., et al. High-dose erythropoietin has no long-term protective effects in sheep with reperfused myocardial infarction. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 47 (2006) 736-741
297. Orive G., De Castro M., Ponce S., Hernandez R.M., Gascon A.R., Bosch M., et al. Long-term expression of erythropoietin from myoblasts immobilized in biocompatible and neovascularized microcapsules. Mol. Ther. 12 (2005) 283-289
298. Paik J.H., Kollipara R., Chu G., Ji H., Xiao Y., Ding Z., et al. FoxOs are lineage-restricted redundant tumor suppressors and regulate endothelial cell homeostasis. Cell 128 (2007) 309-323
299. Palazzuoli A., Silverberg D., Iovine F., Capobianco S., Giannotti G., Calabro A., et al. Erythropoietin improves anemia exercise tolerance and renal function and reduces B-type natriuretic peptide and hospitalization in patients with heart failure and anemia. Am. Heart J. 152 1096 (2006) e9-e15
300. Parry P., Wei Y., and Evans G. Cloning and characterization of the t(X;11) breakpoint from a leukemic cell line identify a new member of the forkhead gene family. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 11 (1994) 79-84
301. Pearl R. The Rate of Living (1928), University of London Press, London
302. Pillai A., Dhandapani K.M., Pillai B.A., Terry Jr. A.V., and Mahadik S.P. Erythropoietin prevents haloperidol treatment-induced neuronal apoptosis through regulation of BDNF. Neuropsychopharmacology 33 (2008) 1942-1951
303. Plas D.R., and Thompson C.B. Akt activation promotes degradation of tuberin and FOXO3a via the proteasome. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 12361-12366
304. Plecita-Hlavata L., Lessard M., Santorova J., Bewersdorf J., and Jezek P. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energetic status are reflected by morphology of mitochondrial network in INS-1E and HEP-G2 cells viewed by 4Pi microscopy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1777 (2008) 834-846
305. Ponce S., Orive G., Hernandez R.M., Gascon A.R., Canals J.M., Munoz M.T., et al. In vivo evaluation of EPO-secreting cells immobilized in different alginate-PLL microcapsules. J. Control. Release 116 (2006) 28-34
306. Pregi N., Wenker S., Vittori D., Leiros C.P., and Nesse A. TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis is prevented by erythropoietin treatment on SH-SY5Y cells. Exp. Cell Res. 315 (2009) 419-431
307. Puig O., and Tjian R. Transcriptional feedback control of insulin receptor by dFOXO/FOXO1. Genes Dev. 19 (2005) 2435-2446
308. Rades D., Golke H., Schild S.E., and Kilic E. The impact of tumor expression of erythropoietin receptors and erythropoietin on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients treated with chemoradiation. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 71 (2008) 152-159
309. Reddy M.K., Vasir J.K., Hegde G.V., Joshi S.S., and Labhasetwar V. Erythropoietin induces excessive neointima formation: a study in a rat carotid artery model of vascular injury. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther. 12 (2007) 237-247
310. Regulska M., Leskiewicz M., Budziszewska B., Kutner A., Jantas D., Basta-Kaim A., et al. Inhibitory effects of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and its low-calcemic analogues on staurosporine-induced apoptosis. Pharmacol. Rep. 59 (2007) 393-401
311. Reinders M.E., Rabelink T.J., and Briscoe D.M. Angiogenesis and endothelial cell repair in renal disease and allograft rejection. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17 (2006) 932-942
312. Reissmann K. Studies on the mechanism of erythropoietin stimulation in parabiotic rats during hypoxia. Blood 5 (1950) 347-380
313. Roberts Jr. E., and Chih C.P. The influence of age of pH regulation in hippocampal slices before, during, and after anoxia. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 17 (1997) 560-566
314. Rodriguez-Blanco J., Martin V., Herrera F., Garcia-Santos G., Antolin I., and Rodriguez C. Intracellular signaling pathways involved in post-mitotic dopaminergic PC12 cell death induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. J. Neurochem. 107 (2008) 127-140
315. Salinas M., Diaz R., Abraham N.G., Ruiz de Galarreta C.M., and Cuadrado A. Nerve growth factor protects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress by increasing expression of heme oxygenase-1 in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent manner. J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 13898-13904
316. Salvesen G.S., and Riedl S.J. Caspase mechanisms. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 615 (2008) 13-23
317. Sanchez P.E., Navarro F.P., Fares R.P., Nadam J., Georges B., Moulin C., et al. Erythropoietin receptor expression is concordant with erythropoietin but not with common beta chain expression in the rat brain throughout the life span. J. Comp. Neurol. 514 (2009) 403-414
318. Sandor G. Uber die blutbidende wirkung des serums von tieren, die in verdunnter luft gehalten wuren. Z. Gesante Exp. Med. 82 (1932) 633-646
319. Sandri M., Lin J., Handschin C., Yang W., Arany Z.P., Lecker S.H., et al. PGC-1alpha protects skeletal muscle from atrophy by suppressing FoxO3 action and atrophy-specific gene transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (2006) 16260-16265
320. Sankarapandi S., Zweier J.L., Mukherjee G., Quinn M.T., and Huso D.L. Measurement and characterization of superoxide generation in microglial cells: evidence for an NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 353 (1998) 312-321
321. Sauvageot C.M., Kesari S., and Stiles C.D. Molecular pathogenesis of adult brain tumors and the role of stem cells. Neurol. Clin. 25 (2007) 891-924 vii
322. Schmeding M., Boas-Knoop S., Lippert S., Ruehl M., Somasundaram R., Dagdelen T., et al. Erythropoietin promotes hepatic regeneration after extended liver resection in rats. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 23 (2008) 1125-1131
323. Schmeding M., Neumann U.P., Boas-Knoop S., Spinelli A., and Neuhaus P. Erythropoietin reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat liver. Eur. Surg. Res. 39 (2007) 189-197
324. Schumann C., Triantafilou K., Krueger S., Hombach V., Triantafilou M., Becher G., et al. Detection of erythropoietin in exhaled breath condensate of nonhypoxic subjects using a multiplex bead array. Mediators Inflamm. 2006 (2006) 18061
325. Scott L.J., Bonnycastle L.L., Willer C.J., Sprau A.G., Jackson A.U., Narisu N., et al. Association of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) variants with type 2 diabetes in a Finnish sample. Diabetes 55 (2006) 2649-2653
326. Sedding D.G., Seay U., Fink L., Heil M., Kummer W., Tillmanns H., et al. Mechanosensitive p27Kip1 regulation and cell cycle entry in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation 108 (2003) 616-622
327. Segura J., Pascual J.A., and Gutierrez-Gallego R. Procedures for monitoring recombinant erythropoietin and analogues in doping control. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 388 (2007) 1521-1529
328. Sela U., Dayan M., Hershkoviz R., Cahalon L., Lider O., and Mozes E. The negative regulators Foxj1 and Foxo3a are up-regulated by a peptide that inhibits systemic lupus erythematosus-associated T cell responses. Eur. J. Immunol. 36 (2006) 2971-2980
329. Shah R.C., Wilson R.S., Tang Y., Dong X., Murray A., and Bennett D.A. Relation of hemoglobin to level of cognitive function in older persons. Neuroepidemiology 32 (2009) 40-46
330. Shang Y.C., Chong Z.Z., Hou J., and Maiese K. The forkhead transcription factor FoxO3a controls microglial inflammatory activation and eventual apoptotic injury through caspase 3. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 6 (2009) 20-31
331. Shang Y.C., Chong Z.Z., Hou J., and Maiese K. FoxO3a Governs early microglial proliferation and employs mitochondrial depolarization with caspase 3, 8, and 9 cleavage during oxidant induced apoptosis. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 6 (2009) 223-238
332. Sharples E.J., Thiemermann C., and Yaqoob M.M. Mechanisms of disease: cell death in acute renal failure and emerging evidence for a protective role of erythropoietin. Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol. 1 (2005) 87-97
333. Sharples E.J., and Yaqoob M.M. Erythropoietin in experimental acute renal failure. Nephron Exp. Nephrol. 104 (2006) e83-e88
334. Sigounas G., Sallah S., and Sigounas V.Y. Erythropoietin modulates the anticancer activity of chemotherapeutic drugs in a murine lung cancer model. Cancer Lett. 214 (2004) 171-179
335. Silverberg D.S., Wexler D., Iaina A., and Schwartz D. The interaction between heart failure and other heart diseases, renal failure, and anemia. Semin. Nephrol. 26 (2006) 296-306
336. Silverberg D.S., Wexler D., Sheps D., Blum M., Keren G., Baruch R., et al. The effect of correction of mild anemia in severe, resistant congestive heart failure using subcutaneous erythropoietin and intravenous iron: a randomized controlled study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 37 (2001) 1775-1780
337. Slaets H., Dumont D., Vanderlocht J., Noben J.P., Leprince P., Robben J., et al. Leukemia inhibitory factor induces an antiapoptotic response in oligodendrocytes through Akt-phosphorylation and up-regulation of 14-3-3. Proteomics 8 (2008) 1237-1247
338. Slevin M., Kumar P., Gaffney J., Kumar S., and Krupinski J. Can angiogenesis be exploited to improve stroke outcome? Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 111 (2006) 171-183
339. Slotkin T.A., and Seidler F.J. Protein kinase C is a target for diverse developmental neurotoxicants: transcriptional responses to chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin and divalent nickel in PC12 cells. Brain Res. 1263 (2009) 23-32
340. Slotkin T.A., Seidler F.J., and Fumagalli F. Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro. Brain Res. Bull. 76 (2008) 424-438
341. Smith W.W., Norton D.D., Gorospe M., Jiang H., Nemoto S., Holbrook N.J., et al. Phosphorylation of p66Shc and forkhead proteins mediates Abeta toxicity. J. Cell Biol. 169 (2005) 331-339
342. Solar P., Koval J., Mikes J., Kleban J., Solarova Z., Lazur J., et al. Erythropoietin inhibits apoptosis induced by photodynamic therapy in ovarian cancer cells. Mol. Cancer Ther. 7 (2008) 2263-2271
343. Song J.J., and Lee Y.J. Differential cleavage of Mst1 by caspase-7/-3 is responsible for TRAIL-induced activation of the MAPK superfamily. Cell. Signal. 20 (2008) 892-906
344. Song M., Park J.E., Park S.G., Lee do H., Choi H.K., Park B.C., et al. NSC-87877, inhibitor of SHP-1/2 PTPs, inhibits dual-specificity phosphatase 26 (DUSP26). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 381 (2009) 491-495
345. Sun Z.K., Yang H.Q., Pan J., Zhen H., Wang Z.Q., Chen S.D., et al. Protective effects of erythropoietin on tau phosphorylation induced by beta-amyloid. J. Neurosci. Res. 86 (2008) 3018-3027
346. Sunters A., Madureira P.A., Pomeranz K.M., Aubert M., Brosens J.J., Cook S.J., et al. Paclitaxel-induced nuclear translocation of FOXO3a in breast cancer cells is mediated by c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and Akt. Cancer Res. 66 (2006) 212-220
347. Symeonidis A., Kouraklis-Symeonidis A., Psiroyiannis A., Leotsinidis M., Kyriazopoulou V., Vassilakos P., et al. Inappropriately low erythropoietin response for the degree of anemia in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Ann. Hematol. 85 (2006) 79-85
348. Tajes M., Yeste-Velasco M., Zhu X., Chou S.P., Smith M.A., Pallas M., et al. Activation of Akt by lithium: pro-survival pathways in aging. Mech. Ageing Dev. 130 (2009) 253-261
349. Tascilar O., Cakmak G.K., Tekin I.O., Emre A.U., Ucan B.H., Bahadir B., et al. Protective effects of erythropoietin against acute lung injury in a rat model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. World J. Gastroenterol. 13 (2007) 6172-6182
350. Taylor D.M., Maxwell M.M., Luthi-Carter R., and Kazantsev A.G. Biological and potential therapeutic roles of sirtuin deacetylases. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 65 (2008) 4000-4018
351. Teramo K., Kari M.A., Eronen M., Markkanen H., and Hiilesmaa V. High amniotic fluid erythropoietin levels are associated with an increased frequency of fetal and neonatal morbidity in type 1 diabetic pregnancies. Diabetologia 47 (2004) 1695-1703
352. Teramo K.A., and Widness J.A. Increased fetal plasma and amniotic fluid erythropoietin concentrations: markers of intrauterine hypoxia. Neonatology 95 (2009) 105-116
353. Thomas M.C., Cooper M.E., Tsalamandris C., MacIsaac R., and Jerums G. Anemia with impaired erythropoietin response in diabetic patients. Arch. Intern. Med. 165 (2005) 466-469
354. Ticchioni M., Essafi M., Jeandel P.Y., Davi F., Cassuto J.P., Deckert M., et al. Homeostatic chemokines increase survival of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells through inactivation of transcription factor FOXO3a. Oncogene 26 (2007) 7081-7091
355. Tothova Z., Kollipara R., Huntly B.J., Lee B.H., Castrillon D.H., Cullen D.E., et al. FoxOs are critical mediators of hematopoietic stem cell resistance to physiologic oxidative stress. Cell 128 (2007) 325-339
356. Toyoda T., Itai T., Arakawa T., Aoki K.H., and Yamaguchi H. Stabilization of human recombinant erythropoietin through interactions with the highly branched N-glycans. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 128 (2000) 731-737
357. Trotman L.C., Alimonti A., Scaglioni P.P., Koutcher J.A., Cordon-Cardo C., and Pandolfi P.P. Identification of a tumour suppressor network opposing nuclear Akt function. Nature 441 (2006) 523-527
358. Tsai J.C., Song B.J., Wu L., and Forbes M. Erythropoietin: a candidate neuroprotective agent in the treatment of glaucoma. J. Glaucoma 16 (2007) 567-571
359. Tsai K.L., Sun Y.J., Huang C.Y., Yang J.Y., Hung M.C., and Hsiao C.D. Crystal structure of the human FOXO3a-DBD/DNA complex suggests the effects of post-translational modification. Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (2007) 6984-6994
360. Tsuda E., Goto M., Murakami A., Akai K., Ueda M., Kawanishi G., et al. Comparative structural study of N-linked oligosaccharides of urinary and recombinant erythropoietins. Biochemistry 27 (1988) 5646-5654
361. Tsuda E., Kawanishi G., Ueda M., Masuda S., and Sasaki R. The role of carbohydrate in recombinant human erythropoietin. Eur. J. Biochem. 188 (1990) 405-411
362. Uchida E., Morimoto K., Kawasaki N., Izaki Y., Abdu Said A., and Hayakawa T. Effect of active oxygen radicals on protein and carbohydrate moieties of recombinant human erythropoietin. Free Radic. Res. 27 (1997) 311-323
363. Uitterdijk A., Groenendijk B.C., and van Der Giessen W.J. Stem cell therapy for chronic heart failure. Hellenic J. Cardiol. 50 (2009) 127-132
364. Um M., Gross A.W., and Lodish H.F. A "classical" homodimeric erythropoietin receptor is essential for the antiapoptotic effects of erythropoietin on differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. Cell. Signal. 19 (2007) 634-645
365. Vairano M., Dello Russo C., Pozzoli G., Battaglia A., Scambia G., Tringali G., et al. Erythropoietin exerts anti-apoptotic effects on rat microglial cells in vitro. Eur. J. Neurosci. 16 (2002) 584-592
366. van der Heide L.P., Jacobs F.M., Burbach J.P., Hoekman M.F., and Smidt M.P. FoxO6 transcriptional activity is regulated by Thr26 and Ser184, independent of nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Biochem. J. 391 (2005) 623-629
367. van der Horst A., and Burgering B.M. Stressing the role of FoxO proteins in lifespan and disease. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8 (2007) 440-450
368. van der Meer P., Voors A.A., Lipsic E., Smilde T.D., van Gilst W.H., and van Veldhuisen D.J. Prognostic value of plasma erythropoietin on mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 44 (2004) 63-67
369. Verdaguer E., Susana Gde A., Clemens A., Pallas M., and Camins A. Implication of the transcription factor E2F-1 in the modulation of neuronal apoptosis. Biomed. Pharmacother. 61 (2007) 390-399
370. Verdonck O., Lahrech H., Francony G., Carle O., Farion R., Van de Looij Y., et al. Erythropoietin protects from post-traumatic edema in the rat brain. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27 (2007) 1369-1376
371. Vincent A.M., and Maiese K. Direct temporal analysis of apoptosis induction in living adherent neurons. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47 (1999) 661-672
372. Vincent A.M., and Maiese K. Nitric oxide induction of neuronal endonuclease activity in programmed cell death. Exp. Cell Res. 246 (1999) 290-300
373. Vincent A.M., TenBroeke M., and Maiese K. Metabotropic glutamate receptors prevent programmed cell death through the modulation of neuronal endonuclease activity and intracellular pH. Exp. Neurol. 155 (1999) 79-94
374. Vincent A.M., TenBroeke M., and Maiese K. Neuronal intracellular pH directly mediates nitric oxide-induced programmed cell death. J. Neurobiol. 40 (1999) 171-184
375. Wagner F., Baumgart K., Simkova V., Georgieff M., Radermacher P., and Calzia E. Year in review 2007: critical care - shock. Crit. Care 12 (2008) 227
376. Wang Z.Y., Shen L.J., Tu L., Hu D.N., Liu G.Y., Zhou Z.L., et al. Erythropoietin protects retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 46 (2009) 1032-1041
377. Ward E.C., Hoekstra A.V., Blok L.J., Hanifi-Moghaddam P., Lurain J.R., Singh D.K., et al. The regulation and function of the forkhead transcription factor, forkhead box O1, is dependent on the progesterone receptor in endometrial carcinoma. Endocrinology 149 (2008) 1942-1950
378. Watkins W.J., Umbers A.J., Woad K.J., Harris S.E., Winship I.M., Gersak K., et al. Mutational screening of FOXO3A and FOXO1A in women with premature ovarian failure. Fertil. Steril. 86 (2006) 1518-1521
379. Wei L., Han B.H., Li Y., Keogh C.L., Holtzman D.M., and Yu S.P. Cell death mechanism and protective effect of erythropoietin after focal ischemia in the whisker-barrel cortex of neonatal rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 317 (2006) 109-116
380. Weigel D., Jurgens G., Kuttner F., Seifert E., and Jackle H. The homeotic gene fork head encodes a nuclear protein and is expressed in the terminal regions of the Drosophila embryo. Cell 57 (1989) 645-658
381. Wijchers P.J., Burbach J.P., and Smidt M.P. In control of biology: of mice, men and Foxes. Biochem. J. 397 (2006) 233-246
382. Williams R., Dhillon N.K., Hegde S.T., Yao H., Peng F., Callen S., et al. Proinflammatory cytokines and HIV-1 synergistically enhance CXCL10 expression in human astrocytes. Glia 57 (2009) 734-743
383. Wilson F.H., Hariri A., Farhi A., Zhao H., Petersen K.F., Toka H.R., et al. A cluster of metabolic defects caused by mutation in a mitochondrial tRNA. Science 306 (2004) 1190-1194
384. Wilusz M., and Majka M. Role of the Wnt/beta-catenin network in regulating hematopoiesis. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz) 56 (2008) 257-266
385. Won C.K., Ji H.H., and Koh P.O. Estradiol prevents the focal cerebral ischemic injury-induced decrease of forkhead transcription factors phosphorylation. Neurosci. Lett. 398 (2006) 39-43
386. Wright W.S., Longo K.A., Dolinsky V.W., Gerin I., Kang S., Bennett C.N., et al. Wnt10b inhibits obesity in ob/ob and agouti mice. Diabetes 56 (2007) 295-303
387. Wu H., Dong G., Liu H., Xu B., Li D., and Jing H. Erythropoietin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion induced lung injury by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 602 (2009) 406-412
388. Wu H., Ren B., Zhu J., Dong G., Xu B., Wang C., et al. Pretreatment with recombined human erythropoietin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung injury in rats. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 29 (2006) 902-907
389. Wu S.Y., Wang G.F., Liu Z.Q., Rao J.J., Lu L., Xu W., et al. Effect of geniposide, a hypoglycemic glucoside, on hepatic regulating enzymes in diabetic mice induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 30 (2009) 202-208
390. Wu Y., Peng H., Cui M., Whitney N.P., Huang Y., and Zheng J.C. CXCL12 increases human neural progenitor cell proliferation through Akt-1/FOXO3a signaling pathway. J. Neurochem. 109 (2009) 1157-1167
391. Wu Y., Shang Y., Sun S., Liang H., and Liu R. Erythropoietin prevents PC12 cells from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion-induced apoptosis via the Akt/GSK-3beta/caspase-3 mediated signaling pathway. Apoptosis 12 (2007) 1365-1375
392. Yamaji R., Okada T., Moriya M., Naito M., Tsuruo T., Miyatake K., et al. Brain capillary endothelial cells express two forms of erythropoietin receptor mRNA. Eur. J. Biochem. 239 (1996) 494-500
393. Yamasaki M., Mishima H.K., Yamashita H., Kashiwagi K., Murata K., Minamoto A., et al. Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on glutamate and nitric oxide toxicity in primary cultured retinal ganglion cells. Brain Res. 1050 (2005) 15-26
394. Yang L., Xie S., Jamaluddin M.S., Altuwaijri S., Ni J., Kim E., et al. Induction of androgen receptor expression by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt downstream substrate, FOXO3a, and their roles in apoptosis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 33558-33565
395. Yasuda Y., Masuda S., Chikuma M., Inoue K., Nagao M., and Sasaki R. Estrogen-dependent production of erythropoietin in uterus and its implication in uterine angiogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 25381-25387
396. Yis U., Kurul S.H., Kumral A., Tugyan K., Cilaker S., Yilmaz O., et al. Effect of erythropoietin on oxygen-induced brain injury in the newborn rat. Neurosci. Lett. 448 (2008) 245-249
397. Yoo J.Y., Won Y.J., Lee J.H., Kim J.U., Sung I.Y., Hwang S.J., et al. Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin posttreatment against kainate-induced excitotoxicity in mixed spinal cultures. J. Neurosci. Res. 87 (2009) 150-163
398. You H., Yamamoto K., and Mak T.W. Regulation of transactivation-independent proapoptotic activity of p53 by FOXO3a. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (2006) 9051-9056
399. Yu Y.P., Xu Q.Q., Zhang Q., Zhang W.P., Zhang L.H., and Wei E.Q. Intranasal recombinant human erythropoietin protects rats against focal cerebral ischemia. Neurosci. Lett. 387 (2005) 5-10
400. Yui R., and Matsuura E.T. Detection of deletions flanked by short direct repeats in mitochondrial DNA of aging Drosophila. Mutat. Res. 594 (2006) 155-161
401. Zethelius B., Berglund L., Sundstrom J., Ingelsson E., Basu S., Larsson A., et al. Use of multiple biomarkers to improve the prediction of death from cardiovascular causes. N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (2008) 2107-2116
402. Zhang D., Zhang F., Zhang Y., Gao X., Li C., Ma W., et al. Erythropoietin enhances the angiogenic potency of autologous bone marrow stromal cells in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Cardiology 108 (2007) 228-236
403. Zhang S.X., and Ma J.X. Ocular neovascularization: implication of endogenous angiogenic inhibitors and potential therapy. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 26 (2007) 1-37
404. Zhong Y., Yao H., Deng L., Cheng Y., and Zhou X. Promotion of neurite outgrowth and protective effect of erythropoietin on the retinal neurons of rats. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 245 (2007) 1859-1867
405. Zhong Y.S., Liu X.H., Cheng Y., and Min Y.J. Erythropoietin with retrobulbar administration protects retinal ganglion cells from acute elevated intraocular pressure in rats. J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 24 (2008) 453-459
406. Zou Y., Tsai W.B., Cheng C.J., Hsu C., Chung Y.M., Li P.C., et al. Forkhead box transcription factor FOXO3a suppresses estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Breast Cancer Res. 10 (2008) R21
407. Zschoernig B., and Mahlknecht U. SIRTUIN 1: regulating the regulator. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 376 (2008) 251-255