메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 89, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 463-478

Role of the Adipocyte, Free Fatty Acids, and Ectopic Fat in Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Peroxisomal Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonists Provide a Rational Therapeutic Approach

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACYLATION STIMULATING PROTEIN; ADIPONECTIN; ADIPSIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; FAT; FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; LEPTIN; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR AGONIST; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; RESISTIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 1442352339     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-030723     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (542)

References (334)
  • 1
    • 0024026298 scopus 로고
    • Lilly Lecture. The triumvirate: β cell, muscle, liver. A collusion responsible for NIDDM
    • DeFronzo RA 1988 Lilly Lecture. The triumvirate: β cell, muscle, liver. A collusion responsible for NIDDM. Diabetes 37:667-687
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 667-687
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1
  • 2
    • 0030724591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: Metabolic and molecular implications for identifying diabetes genes
    • DeFronzo RA 1997 Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: metabolic and molecular implications for identifying diabetes genes. Diabetes Rev 4:177-269
    • (1997) Diabetes Rev , vol.4 , pp. 177-269
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1
  • 3
    • 0028832693 scopus 로고
    • Effects of weight loss on glucose homeostasis in NIDDM
    • Kelley DE 1995 Effects of weight loss on glucose homeostasis in NIDDM. Diabetes Rev 3:366-377
    • (1995) Diabetes Rev , vol.3 , pp. 366-377
    • Kelley, D.E.1
  • 4
    • 0028849868 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fitness and physical training on carbohydrate metabolism and associated cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes
    • Schneider SH, Morgado A 1995 Effects of fitness and physical training on carbohydrate metabolism and associated cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Rev 3:378-407
    • (1995) Diabetes Rev , vol.3 , pp. 378-407
    • Schneider, S.H.1    Morgado, A.2
  • 5
    • 0026539663 scopus 로고
    • The metabolic profile of NIDDM is fully established in glucose-tolerant offspring of two Mexican-American NIDDM parents
    • Gulli G, Ferrannini E, Stern M, Haffner S, DeFronzo RA 1992 The metabolic profile of NIDDM is fully established in glucose-tolerant offspring of two Mexican-American NIDDM parents. Diabetes 41:1575-1586
    • (1992) Diabetes , vol.41 , pp. 1575-1586
    • Gulli, G.1    Ferrannini, E.2    Stern, M.3    Haffner, S.4    DeFronzo, R.A.5
  • 6
    • 0034128587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in relation to glucose tolerance. Lessons from the Botnia Study
    • Tripathy D, Carlsson M, Almgren P, Isomaa B, Taskinen M-R, Tuomi T, Groop LC 2000 Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in relation to glucose tolerance. Lessons from the Botnia Study. Diabetes 49:975-980
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 975-980
    • Tripathy, D.1    Carlsson, M.2    Almgren, P.3    Isomaa, B.4    Taskinen, M.-R.5    Tuomi, T.6    Groop, L.C.7
  • 7
    • 0035511730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle insulin resistance in normoglycemic subjects with a strong family history of type 2 diabetes is associated with decreased insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation
    • Pratipanawatr W, Pratipanawatr T, Cusi K, Berria R, Adams JM, Jenkinson CP, Maezono K, DeFronzo RA, Mandarino LJ 2001 Skeletal muscle insulin resistance in normoglycemic subjects with a strong family history of type 2 diabetes is associated with decreased insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation. Diabetes 50:2572-2578
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 2572-2578
    • Pratipanawatr, W.1    Pratipanawatr, T.2    Cusi, K.3    Berria, R.4    Adams, J.M.5    Jenkinson, C.P.6    Maezono, K.7    DeFronzo, R.A.8    Mandarino, L.J.9
  • 8
    • 0033938499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased insulin responsiveness of glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells from insulin-resistant nondiabetic relatives of type 2 diabetic families
    • Jackson S, Bagstaff SM, Lynn S, Yeaman SJ, Turnbull DM, Walker M 2000 Decreased insulin responsiveness of glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells from insulin-resistant nondiabetic relatives of type 2 diabetic families. Diabetes 49:1169-1177
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 1169-1177
    • Jackson, S.1    Bagstaff, S.M.2    Lynn, S.3    Yeaman, S.J.4    Turnbull, D.M.5    Walker, M.6
  • 9
    • 0000380542 scopus 로고
    • Immunoassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man
    • Yalow RS, Berson SA 1960 Immunoassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man. J Clin Invest 39:1157-1175
    • (1960) J Clin Invest , vol.39 , pp. 1157-1175
    • Yalow, R.S.1    Berson, S.A.2
  • 10
    • 0027288808 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism during the menstrual cycle: Assessment by the euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp technique
    • Diamond MP, Jacobs R, Connolly-Howard M, DeFronzo RA 1993 Glucose metabolism during the menstrual cycle: assessment by the euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp technique. J Reprod Med 38:417-421
    • (1993) J Reprod Med , vol.38 , pp. 417-421
    • Diamond, M.P.1    Jacobs, R.2    Connolly-Howard, M.3    DeFronzo, R.A.4
  • 11
    • 0024590095 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin action in non-obese individuals with varying degrees of glucose tolerance
    • Reaven GM, Hollenbeck CB, Chen YDI 1989 Relationship between glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin action in non-obese individuals with varying degrees of glucose tolerance. Diabetologia 32:52-55
    • (1989) Diabetologia , vol.32 , pp. 52-55
    • Reaven, G.M.1    Hollenbeck, C.B.2    Chen, Y.D.I.3
  • 12
    • 0031963964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects in insulin secretion and insulin action in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are inherited. Metabolic studies on offspring of diabetic probands
    • Vauhkonen I, Niskanen L, Vanninen E, Kainulainen S, Uusitupa M, Laakso M 1997 Defects in insulin secretion and insulin action in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are inherited. Metabolic studies on offspring of diabetic probands. J Clin Invest 100:86-96
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 86-96
    • Vauhkonen, I.1    Niskanen, L.2    Vanninen, E.3    Kainulainen, S.4    Uusitupa, M.5    Laakso, M.6
  • 13
    • 0032710789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic characteristics of individuals with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance
    • Weyer C, Bogardus C, Pratley RE 1999 Metabolic characteristics of individuals with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes 48:2197-2203
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 2197-2203
    • Weyer, C.1    Bogardus, C.2    Pratley, R.E.3
  • 14
    • 0026602267 scopus 로고
    • Role of reduced suppression of glucose production and diminished early insulin release in impaired glucose tolerance
    • Mirrakou A, Kelly D, Mokan M, Veneman T, Pangburn T, Reilly J, Gerich J 1992 Role of reduced suppression of glucose production and diminished early insulin release in impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 326:22-29
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , pp. 22-29
    • Mirrakou, A.1    Kelly, D.2    Mokan, M.3    Veneman, T.4    Pangburn, T.5    Reilly, J.6    Gerich, J.7
  • 15
    • 0030596338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: A genetically programmed failure of the β cell to compensate for insulin resistance
    • Polonsky KS, Sturis J, Bell GI 1996 Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a genetically programmed failure of the β cell to compensate for insulin resistance. N Engl J Med 334:777-783
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 777-783
    • Polonsky, K.S.1    Sturis, J.2    Bell, G.I.3
  • 16
    • 0034853485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of β-cell failure in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes
    • Kahn SE 2001 The importance of β-cell failure in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4047-4058
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 4047-4058
    • Kahn, S.E.1
  • 17
    • 0036306096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-Cell function is a major contributor to oral glucose tolerance in high-risk relatives of four ethnic groups in the U.S.
    • Jensen CC, Cnop M, Hull RL, Fujimoto WY, Kahn SE, and the American Diabetes Association GENNID Study Group 2002 β-Cell function is a major contributor to oral glucose tolerance in high-risk relatives of four ethnic groups in the U.S. Diabetes 51:2170-2178
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2170-2178
    • Jensen, C.C.1    Cnop, M.2    Hull, R.L.3    Fujimoto, W.Y.4    Kahn, S.E.5
  • 18
    • 0021691098 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between insulin secretion, insulin action, and fasting plasma glucose concentration in nondiabetic and noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects
    • Bogardus C, Lillioja S, Howard BV, Reaven G, Mott D 1984 Relationships between insulin secretion, insulin action, and fasting plasma glucose concentration in nondiabetic and noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects. J Clin Invest 74:1238-1246
    • (1984) J Clin Invest , vol.74 , pp. 1238-1246
    • Bogardus, C.1    Lillioja, S.2    Howard, B.V.3    Reaven, G.4    Mott, D.5
  • 19
    • 0024375693 scopus 로고
    • Sequential changes in serum insulin concentration during development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes
    • Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Mott DM, Bennett PH 1989 Sequential changes in serum insulin concentration during development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Lancet 1:1356-1359
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1356-1359
    • Saad, M.F.1    Knowler, W.C.2    Pettitt, D.J.3    Nelson, R.G.4    Mott, D.M.5    Bennett, P.H.6
  • 20
    • 0021994683 scopus 로고
    • Effects of insulin on peripheral and splanchnic glucose metabolism in non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus
    • DeFronzo RA, Gunnarsson R, Bjorkman O, Olsson M, Wahren J 1985 Effects of insulin on peripheral and splanchnic glucose metabolism in non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 76:149-155
    • (1985) J Clin Invest , vol.76 , pp. 149-155
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Gunnarsson, R.2    Bjorkman, O.3    Olsson, M.4    Wahren, J.5
  • 21
    • 0024392514 scopus 로고
    • Effect of insulin on oxidative and non-oxidative pathways of glucose and FFA metabolism in NIDDM. Evidence for multiple sites of insulin resistance
    • Groop LC, Bonadonna RC, Del Prato S, Ratheiser K, Zyck K, DeFronzo RA 1989 Effect of insulin on oxidative and non-oxidative pathways of glucose and FFA metabolism in NIDDM. Evidence for multiple sites of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 84:205-213
    • (1989) J Clin Invest , vol.84 , pp. 205-213
    • Groop, L.C.1    Bonadonna, R.C.2    Del Prato, S.3    Ratheiser, K.4    Zyck, K.5    DeFronzo, R.A.6
  • 22
    • 0024507794 scopus 로고
    • Fasting hyperglycemia in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: Contributions of excessive hepatic glucose production and impaired tissue glucose uptake
    • DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Simonson DC 1989 Fasting hyperglycemia in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: contributions of excessive hepatic glucose production and impaired tissue glucose uptake. Metabolism 38:387-395
    • (1989) Metabolism , vol.38 , pp. 387-395
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Ferrannini, E.2    Simonson, D.C.3
  • 27
    • 0024244339 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of plasma glucose, free fatty acid, lactate, and insulin for 24 hours in patients with NIDDM
    • Reaven GM, Hollenbeck C, Jeng C-Y, Wu MS, Chen Y-DI 1988 Measurement of plasma glucose, free fatty acid, lactate, and insulin for 24 hours in patients with NIDDM. Diabetes 37:1020-1024
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1020-1024
    • Reaven, G.M.1    Hollenbeck, C.2    Jeng, C.-Y.3    Wu, M.S.4    Chen, Y.-D.I.5
  • 28
    • 8844255630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: Defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction
    • Boden G, Shulman GI 2002 Free fatty acids in obesity and type 2 diabetes: defining their role in the development of insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction. Eur J Clin Invest 32(Suppl 3):14-23
    • (2002) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.32 , Issue.3 SUPPL. , pp. 14-23
    • Boden, G.1    Shulman, G.I.2
  • 29
    • 0028947949 scopus 로고
    • The fourth musketeer - From Alexandre Dumas to Claude Bernard
    • Reaven GM 1995 The fourth musketeer - from Alexandre Dumas to Claude Bernard. Diabetologia 38:3-13
    • (1995) Diabetologia , vol.38 , pp. 3-13
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 31
    • 0031014830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of fatty acids in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and NIDDM
    • Boden G 1997 Role of fatty acids in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and NIDDM. Diabetes 46:3-10
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , pp. 3-10
    • Boden, G.1
  • 32
    • 0036092239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banting Lecture 2001: Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the etiology of type 2 diabetes
    • McGarry JD 2002 Banting Lecture 2001: dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 51:7-18
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 7-18
    • McGarry, J.D.1
  • 33
  • 34
    • 0034107084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Goodpaster BH, Thaete FL, Kelley BE 2000 Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr 71:885-892
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71 , pp. 885-892
    • Goodpaster, B.H.1    Thaete, F.L.2    Kelley, B.E.3
  • 37
    • 0037924880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of pioglitazone on liver fat content, abdominal fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Miyazaki Y, Hardies LJ, Wajcberg E, Glass L, Triplitt C, Bajaj M, Cersosimo E, Mandarion LJ, DeFronzo RA 2002 Effect of pioglitazone on liver fat content, abdominal fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 51(Suppl 2):A69
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Miyazaki, Y.1    Hardies, L.J.2    Wajcberg, E.3    Glass, L.4    Triplitt, C.5    Bajaj, M.6    Cersosimo, E.7    Mandarion, L.J.8    DeFronzo, R.A.9
  • 38
    • 0030029605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the B-cell signaling molecules malonyl-CoA and cytosolic long-chain acyl-CoA implicated in multiple tissue defects of obesity and NIDDM?
    • Prentki M, Corkey BE 1996 Are the B-cell signaling molecules malonyl-CoA and cytosolic long-chain acyl-CoA implicated in multiple tissue defects of obesity and NIDDM? Diabetes 45:273-283
    • (1996) Diabetes , vol.45 , pp. 273-283
    • Prentki, M.1    Corkey, B.E.2
  • 39
    • 0037545259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of obesity-dependent NIDDM: Genetic and clinical implications
    • Unger RH 1996 Lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of obesity-dependent NIDDM: genetic and clinical implications. Diabetes 45:273-283
    • (1996) Diabetes , vol.45 , pp. 273-283
    • Unger, R.H.1
  • 41
    • 0030067124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banting Lecture 1995: A lesson in metabolic regulation inspired by the glucokinase glucose sensor paradigm
    • Matschinsky FM 1996 Banting Lecture 1995: a lesson in metabolic regulation inspired by the glucokinase glucose sensor paradigm. Diabetes 45:223-241
    • (1996) Diabetes , vol.45 , pp. 223-241
    • Matschinsky, F.M.1
  • 42
    • 0029071517 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic coupling factors in pancreatic β cell signal transduction
    • Newgard CB, McGarry JD 1995 Metabolic coupling factors in pancreatic β cell signal transduction. Annu Rev Biochem 64:689-719
    • (1995) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.64 , pp. 689-719
    • Newgard, C.B.1    McGarry, J.D.2
  • 43
    • 0032898667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids, lipotoxicity and insulin secretion
    • McGarry JD, Dobbins RL 1999 Fatty acids, lipotoxicity and insulin secretion. Diabetologia 42:128-138
    • (1999) Diabetologia , vol.42 , pp. 128-138
    • McGarry, J.D.1    Dobbins, R.L.2
  • 44
    • 0028221978 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of the stimulation of insulin release by saturated fatty acids: A study of palmitate effects of mouse B-cells
    • Warnotte C, Gilon P, Nenquin M, Henquin JC 1994 Mechanisms of the stimulation of insulin release by saturated fatty acids: a study of palmitate effects of mouse B-cells. Diabetes 43:703-711
    • (1994) Diabetes , vol.43 , pp. 703-711
    • Warnotte, C.1    Gilon, P.2    Nenquin, M.3    Henquin, J.C.4
  • 46
    • 0028268936 scopus 로고
    • Long-term exposure of rat pancreatic islets to fatty acids inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and biosynthesis through a glucose fatty acid cycle
    • Zhou UP, Grill VE 1994 Long-term exposure of rat pancreatic islets to fatty acids inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and biosynthesis through a glucose fatty acid cycle. J Clin Invest 93:870-876
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.93 , pp. 870-876
    • Zhou, U.P.1    Grill, V.E.2
  • 47
    • 0024995157 scopus 로고
    • A 48-h lipid infusion in the rat time-dependently inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and β cell oxidation through a process likely coupled to fatty acid oxidation
    • Sako Y, Grill VE 1990 A 48-h lipid infusion in the rat time-dependently inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and β cell oxidation through a process likely coupled to fatty acid oxidation. Endocrinology 127:1580-1589
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.127 , pp. 1580-1589
    • Sako, Y.1    Grill, V.E.2
  • 48
    • 0033042342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids desensitizes the insulin secretory response to glucose in vivo in rats
    • Mason TM, Goh T, Tchipashvili V, Sandhu H, Gupta N, Lewis GF, Giacca A 1999 Prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids desensitizes the insulin secretory response to glucose in vivo in rats. Diabetes 48:524-530
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 524-530
    • Mason, T.M.1    Goh, T.2    Tchipashvili, V.3    Sandhu, H.4    Gupta, N.5    Lewis, G.F.6    Giacca, A.7
  • 49
    • 0029036835 scopus 로고
    • Long term exposure to fatty acids and ketones inhibits b-cell function in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans
    • Zhou YP, Grill V 1995 Long term exposure to fatty acids and ketones inhibits b-cell function in human pancreatic islets of Langerhans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 80:1584-1590
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 1584-1590
    • Zhou, Y.P.1    Grill, V.2
  • 50
    • 0031239663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How obesity causes diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats
    • Unger RH 1997 How obesity causes diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Trends Endocrinol Metab 7:276-282
    • (1997) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.7 , pp. 276-282
    • Unger, R.H.1
  • 54
    • 0034005968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids impair pancreatic B-cell function in obese nondiabetic humans but not in individuals with type 2 diabetes
    • Carpentier A, Mittelman SD, Bergman RN, Giacca A, Lewis GF 2000 Prolonged elevation of plasma free fatty acids impair pancreatic B-cell function in obese nondiabetic humans but not in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 49:399-408
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 399-408
    • Carpentier, A.1    Mittelman, S.D.2    Bergman, R.N.3    Giacca, A.4    Lewis, G.F.5
  • 57
    • 0037225537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute lowering of circulating fatty acids improves insulin secretion in a subset of type 2 diabetes subjects
    • Qvigstad E, Mostad IL, Bjerve KS, Grill VE 2003 Acute lowering of circulating fatty acids improves insulin secretion in a subset of type 2 diabetes subjects. Am J Physiol 284:E129-E137
    • (2003) Am J Physiol , vol.284
    • Qvigstad, E.1    Mostad, I.L.2    Bjerve, K.S.3    Grill, V.E.4
  • 58
    • 0032731478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced β-cell function contributes to impaired glucose tolerance in dogs made obese by high-fat feeding
    • Kaiyala KJ, Prigeon RL, Kahn SE, Woods SC, Porte Jr D, Schwartz MW 1999 Reduced β-cell function contributes to impaired glucose tolerance in dogs made obese by high-fat feeding. Am J Physiol 277:E659-E667
    • (1999) Am J Physiol , vol.277
    • Kaiyala, K.J.1    Prigeon, R.L.2    Kahn, S.E.3    Woods, S.C.4    Porte Jr., D.5    Schwartz, M.W.6
  • 59
    • 0033779714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Bergman RN, Ader M 2000 Free fatty acids and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. TEM 11:351-356
    • (2000) TEM , vol.11 , pp. 351-356
    • Bergman, R.N.1    Ader, M.2
  • 60
    • 0030759095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of non-esterified fatty acids in the deterioration of glucose tolerance in Caucasian subjects: Results of the Paris Prospective Study
    • Charles MA, Eschwege E, Thibult N, Claude JR, Warnet JM, Rosselin GE, Girard J, Balkau B 1997 The role of non-esterified fatty acids in the deterioration of glucose tolerance in Caucasian subjects: results of the Paris Prospective Study. Diabetologia 40:1101-1106
    • (1997) Diabetologia , vol.40 , pp. 1101-1106
    • Charles, M.A.1    Eschwege, E.2    Thibult, N.3    Claude, J.R.4    Warnet, J.M.5    Rosselin, G.E.6    Girard, J.7    Balkau, B.8
  • 61
    • 0025000188 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians: Incidence, risk factors and pathogenesis
    • Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Bennett PH 1990 Diabetes mellitus in the Pima Indians: incidence, risk factors and pathogenesis. Diab Metab Rev 6:1-27
    • (1990) Diab Metab Rev , vol.6 , pp. 1-27
    • Knowler, W.C.1    Pettitt, D.J.2    Saad, M.F.3    Bennett, P.H.4
  • 62
    • 0036182137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipotoxic diseases
    • Unger RH 2002 Lipotoxic diseases. Annu Rev Med 53:319-336
    • (2002) Annu Rev Med , vol.53 , pp. 319-336
    • Unger, R.H.1
  • 63
    • 50549202600 scopus 로고
    • The glucose fatty acid cycle: Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus
    • Randle PJ, Garland PB, Hales CN, Newsholme EA 1963 The glucose fatty acid cycle: its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1:785-789.
    • (1963) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 785-789
    • Randle, P.J.1    Garland, P.B.2    Hales, C.N.3    Newsholme, E.A.4
  • 64
    • 0017717091 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of palmityl coenzyme A inhibition of liver glycogen synthase
    • Wititsuwannakul D, Kim K 1977 Mechanism of palmityl coenzyme A inhibition of liver glycogen synthase. J Biol Chem 252:7812-7817
    • (1977) J Biol Chem , vol.252 , pp. 7812-7817
    • Wititsuwannakul, D.1    Kim, K.2
  • 68
  • 69
    • 0033009862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Boden G 1999 Free fatty acids, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 111:241-248
    • (1999) Proc Assoc Am Physicians , vol.111 , pp. 241-248
    • Boden, G.1
  • 70
    • 0028342686 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of fatty acid-induced inhibition of glucose uptake
    • Boden G, Chen X, Ruiz J, White JV, Rossetti L 1994 Mechanisms of fatty acid-induced inhibition of glucose uptake. J Clin Invest 93:2438-2446
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.93 , pp. 2438-2446
    • Boden, G.1    Chen, X.2    Ruiz, J.3    White, J.V.4    Rossetti, L.5
  • 74
    • 0029686852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of acute and chronic exercise on fat metabolism
    • Martin WH 1996 Effects of acute and chronic exercise on fat metabolism. Exercise Sport Sci Rev 24:203-231
    • (1996) Exercise Sport Sci Rev , vol.24 , pp. 203-231
    • Martin, W.H.1
  • 75
    • 0025649704 scopus 로고
    • Acute and chronic responses of skeletal muscle to endurance and sprint exercise. A review
    • Abernethy PJ, Thaver R, Taylor AW 1990 Acute and chronic responses of skeletal muscle to endurance and sprint exercise. A review. Sports Med 10:365-389
    • (1990) Sports Med , vol.10 , pp. 365-389
    • Abernethy, P.J.1    Thaver, R.2    Taylor, A.W.3
  • 76
    • 0036788293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysfunction of mitochondria in human skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes
    • Kelley DE, He J, Menshikova EV, Ritov VB 2002 Dysfunction of mitochondria in human skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 51:2944-2950
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2944-2950
    • Kelley, D.E.1    He, J.2    Menshikova, E.V.3    Ritov, V.B.4
  • 77
    • 0034076660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel selection in human skeletal muscle in insulin resistance
    • Kelley DE, Mandarino LJ 2000 Fuel selection in human skeletal muscle in insulin resistance. Diabetes 49:677-683
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 677-683
    • Kelley, D.E.1    Mandarino, L.J.2
  • 78
    • 0036300538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid-induced insulin resistance in human muscle is associated with changes in diacylglycerol, protein kinase C, and IκB-α
    • Itani SI, Ruderman NB, Schmieder F, Boden G 2002 Lipid-induced insulin resistance in human muscle is associated with changes in diacylglycerol, protein kinase C, and IκB-α. Diabetes 51:2005-2011
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2005-2011
    • Itani, S.I.1    Ruderman, N.B.2    Schmieder, F.3    Boden, G.4
  • 80
    • 0030669094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C modulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation requires serine 612
    • De Fea K, Roth RA 1997 Protein kinase C modulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation requires serine 612. Biochemistry 36:12939-12947
    • (1997) Biochemistry , vol.36 , pp. 12939-12947
    • De Fea, K.1    Roth, R.A.2
  • 81
    • 0035793592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PKC-ζ phosphorylates 1RS-1 and impairs its ability to activate P-3-kinase in response to insulin
    • Ravichandran LV, Esposito DL, Chen J, Quon MJ 2001 PKC-ζ phosphorylates 1RS-1 and impairs its ability to activate P-3-kinase in response to insulin. J Biol Chem 276:3543-3549
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 3543-3549
    • Ravichandran, L.V.1    Esposito, D.L.2    Chen, J.3    Quon, M.J.4
  • 82
    • 0030897513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signaling
    • Faergeman NJ, Knudsen J 1997 Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signaling. Biochem J 323:1-12
    • (1997) Biochem J , vol.323 , pp. 1-12
    • Faergeman, N.J.1    Knudsen, J.2
  • 85
    • 1442321578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A chronic physiologic increase in FFA in healthy subjects causes insulin signaling defects similar to those of insulin-resistant non-diabetic subjects with a strong family history of T2DM
    • Kashyap S, Belfort R, Finlayson J, Barrentine A, Mandarino L, DeFronzo RA, Cusi K 2002 A chronic physiologic increase in FFA in healthy subjects causes insulin signaling defects similar to those of insulin-resistant non-diabetic subjects with a strong family history of T2DM. Diabetes 51(Suppl 2):A24
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Kashyap, S.1    Belfort, R.2    Finlayson, J.3    Barrentine, A.4    Mandarino, L.5    DeFronzo, R.A.6    Cusi, K.7
  • 86
    • 0033755148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acyl-CoA inhibition of hexokinase in rat and human skeletal muscle is a potential mechanism of lipid-induced insulin resistance
    • Thompson AL, Cooney GJ 2000 Acyl-CoA inhibition of hexokinase in rat and human skeletal muscle is a potential mechanism of lipid-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes 49:1761-1764
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 1761-1764
    • Thompson, A.L.1    Cooney, G.J.2
  • 87
    • 0020479821 scopus 로고
    • An allosteric model for the inhibition of glucokinase by long chain acyl coenzyme A
    • Tippett PS, Neet KE 1982 An allosteric model for the inhibition of glucokinase by long chain acyl coenzyme A. J Biol Chem 257:14846-14852
    • (1982) J Biol Chem , vol.257 , pp. 14846-14852
    • Tippett, P.S.1    Neet, K.E.2
  • 89
    • 0038532298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for ceramide, but not diacylglycerol, in the antagonism of insulin signal transduction by saturated fatty acids
    • Chavez JA, Knotts TA, Wang LP, Lit G, Dobrowsky RT, Florant GL, Summers SA 2003 A role for ceramide, but not diacylglycerol, in the antagonism of insulin signal transduction by saturated fatty acids. J Biol Chem 278:10297-10303
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 10297-10303
    • Chavez, J.A.1    Knotts, T.A.2    Wang, L.P.3    Lit, G.4    Dobrowsky, R.T.5    Florant, G.L.6    Summers, S.A.7
  • 90
    • 0018094423 scopus 로고
    • Influence of hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and the route of glucose administration on splanchnic glucose exchange
    • DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Hendler R, Wahren J, Felig P 1978 Influence of hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and the route of glucose administration on splanchnic glucose exchange. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5173-5177
    • (1978) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.75 , pp. 5173-5177
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Ferrannini, E.2    Hendler, R.3    Wahren, J.4    Felig, P.5
  • 91
    • 0020684724 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of splanchnic and peripheral glucose uptake by insulin and hyperglycemia
    • DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Hendler R, Felig P, Wahren J 1983 Regulation of splanchnic and peripheral glucose uptake by insulin and hyperglycemia. Diabetes 32:35-45
    • (1983) Diabetes , vol.32 , pp. 35-45
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Ferrannini, E.2    Hendler, R.3    Felig, P.4    Wahren, J.5
  • 92
    • 0033126490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banting Lecture. Control of glucose uptake and release by the liver in vivo
    • Cherrington AD 1999 Banting Lecture. Control of glucose uptake and release by the liver in vivo. Diabetes 48:1198-1214
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 1198-1214
    • Cherrington, A.D.1
  • 93
    • 0014670390 scopus 로고
    • Control of gluconeogenesis in liver. IV. Differential effects of fatty acids and glucagon on ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis in the perfused rat liver
    • Exton JH, Corbin JG, Park CR 1969 Control of gluconeogenesis in liver. IV. Differential effects of fatty acids and glucagon on ketogenesis and gluconeogenesis in the perfused rat liver. J Biol Chem 244:4095-4102
    • (1969) J Biol Chem , vol.244 , pp. 4095-4102
    • Exton, J.H.1    Corbin, J.G.2    Park, C.R.3
  • 94
    • 0031060687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo suppression of gluconeogenesis by inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase
    • Bahl JJ, Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA, Bressler R 1997 In vitro and in vivo suppression of gluconeogenesis by inhibition of pyruvate carboxylase. Biochem Pharmacol 53:67-74
    • (1997) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.53 , pp. 67-74
    • Bahl, J.J.1    Matsuda, M.2    DeFronzo, R.A.3    Bressler, R.4
  • 95
    • 0013923479 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms for the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by fatty acids in perfused rat liver
    • Williamson JR, Kreisberg RA, and Felts PW 1966 Mechanisms for the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by fatty acids in perfused rat liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 56:247-254
    • (1966) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.56 , pp. 247-254
    • Williamson, J.R.1    Kreisberg, R.A.2    Felts, P.W.3
  • 97
    • 0032905885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in normal subjects
    • Chen X, Iqbal N, Boden G 1999 The effect of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in normal subjects. J Clin Invest 103:365-372
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.103 , pp. 365-372
    • Chen, X.1    Iqbal, N.2    Boden, G.3
  • 99
    • 0027515569 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of lipolysis decreases lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis from lactate but not fasting hyperglycemia or total hepatic glucose production in NIDDM
    • Puhakainen I, Yki-Jarvinen H 1993 Inhibition of lipolysis decreases lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis from lactate but not fasting hyperglycemia or total hepatic glucose production in NIDDM. Diabetes 42:1694-1699
    • (1993) Diabetes , vol.42 , pp. 1694-1699
    • Puhakainen, I.1    Yki-Jarvinen, H.2
  • 100
    • 0033826669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of lipolysis causes suppression of endogenous glucose production independent of changes in insulin
    • Mittelman SD, Bergman RN 2000 Inhibition of lipolysis causes suppression of endogenous glucose production independent of changes in insulin. Am J Physiol 279:E630-E637
    • (2000) Am J Physiol , vol.279
    • Mittelman, S.D.1    Bergman, R.N.2
  • 103
    • 0023189066 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between plasma free fatty acid concentration, endogenous glucose production, and fasting hyperglycemia in normal and non-insulin- dependent diabetic individuals
    • Golay A, Swislocki ALM, Chen Y-DI, Reaven GM 1987 Relationships between plasma free fatty acid concentration, endogenous glucose production, and fasting hyperglycemia in normal and non-insulin-dependent diabetic individuals. Metabolism 36:692-696
    • (1987) Metabolism , vol.36 , pp. 692-696
    • Golay, A.1    Swislocki, A.L.M.2    Chen, Y.-D.I.3    Reaven, G.M.4
  • 104
    • 0035082482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and autoregulation of glucose production in type 2 diabetes
    • Boden G, Chen X, Capulong E, Mozzoli M 2001 Effects of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and autoregulation of glucose production in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 50:810-816
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 810-816
    • Boden, G.1    Chen, X.2    Capulong, E.3    Mozzoli, M.4
  • 105
    • 0025963777 scopus 로고
    • The role of free fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Groop LC, Saloranta C, Shank M, Bonadonna RC, Ferrannini E, DeFronzo RA 1991 The role of free fatty acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 72:96-107
    • (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.72 , pp. 96-107
    • Groop, L.C.1    Saloranta, C.2    Shank, M.3    Bonadonna, R.C.4    Ferrannini, E.5    DeFronzo, R.A.6
  • 109
    • 0023589251 scopus 로고
    • Role of hyperglucagonemia in maintenance of increased rates of hepatic glucose output in type II diabetics
    • Baron AD, Schaeffer L, Shragg P, Kolterman OG 1987 Role of hyperglucagonemia in maintenance of increased rates of hepatic glucose output in type II diabetics. Diabetes 36:274-283
    • (1987) Diabetes , vol.36 , pp. 274-283
    • Baron, A.D.1    Schaeffer, L.2    Shragg, P.3    Kolterman, O.G.4
  • 110
    • 0036737543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose response curve relating plasma glucagon to hepatic glucose production and glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA, Consoli A, Bressler P, Del Prato S 2002 Dose response curve relating plasma glucagon to hepatic glucose production and glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 51:1111-1119
    • (2002) Metabolism , vol.51 , pp. 1111-1119
    • Matsuda, M.1    DeFronzo, R.A.2    Consoli, A.3    Bressler, P.4    Del Prato, S.5
  • 111
    • 0019987653 scopus 로고
    • Insulin production rate, hepatic insulin retention, and splanchnic carbohydrate metabolism after oral glucose ingestion in hyperinsulinemic type II (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus
    • Waldhausl W, Bratusch-Marrain P, Gasic S, Korn A, Nowotny P 1982 Insulin production rate, hepatic insulin retention, and splanchnic carbohydrate metabolism after oral glucose ingestion in hyperinsulinemic type II (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 23:6-15
    • (1982) Diabetologia , vol.23 , pp. 6-15
    • Waldhausl, W.1    Bratusch-Marrain, P.2    Gasic, S.3    Korn, A.4    Nowotny, P.5
  • 112
    • 0034987715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adipocyte: A model for integration of endocrine and metabolic signaling in energy metabolism regulation
    • Fruhbeck G, Gomez-Ambrosi J, Muruzabal FJ, Burrell MA 2001 The adipocyte: a model for integration of endocrine and metabolic signaling in energy metabolism regulation. Am J Physiol 280:E827-E847
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.280
    • Fruhbeck, G.1    Gomez-Ambrosi, J.2    Muruzabal, F.J.3    Burrell, M.A.4
  • 113
    • 0034881391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action
    • Berg AH, Combs TP, Du X, Brownlee M, Scherer PE 2001 The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action. Nat Med 7:947-953
    • (2001) Nat Med , vol.7 , pp. 947-953
    • Berg, A.H.1    Combs, T.P.2    Du, X.3    Brownlee, M.4    Scherer, P.E.5
  • 114
    • 0035663963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous glucose production is inhibited by the adipose-derived protein Acrp30
    • Combs TP, Berg AH, Obici S, Scherer PE, Rossetti L 2001 Endogenous glucose production is inhibited by the adipose-derived protein Acrp30. J Clin Invest 108:1875-1881
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 1875-1881
    • Combs, T.P.1    Berg, A.H.2    Obici, S.3    Scherer, P.E.4    Rossetti, L.5
  • 117
    • 0035039227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating concentrations of the adipocyte protein adiponectin are decreased in parallel with reduced insulin sensitivity during the progression to type 2 diabetes in rhesus monkeys
    • Hotta K, Funahashi T, Bodkin NL, Ortmeyer HK, Arita Y, Hansen BC, Matsuzawa Y 2001 Circulating concentrations of the adipocyte protein adiponectin are decreased in parallel with reduced insulin sensitivity during the progression to type 2 diabetes in rhesus monkeys. Diabetes 50:1126-1133
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 1126-1133
    • Hotta, K.1    Funahashi, T.2    Bodkin, N.L.3    Ortmeyer, H.K.4    Arita, Y.5    Hansen, B.C.6    Matsuzawa, Y.7
  • 121
  • 124
    • 0028787490 scopus 로고
    • A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes
    • Scherer PE, Williams S, Fogliano M, Baldini G, Lodish HF 1995 A novel serum protein similar to C1q, produced exclusively in adipocytes. J Biol Chem 270:26746-26749
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 26746-26749
    • Scherer, P.E.1    Williams, S.2    Fogliano, M.3    Baldini, G.4    Lodish, H.F.5
  • 125
    • 0032191856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin action and insulin resistance: Diseases involving defects in insulin receptors, signal transduction, and the glucose transport effector system
    • Hunter SJ, Garvey WT 1998 Insulin action and insulin resistance: diseases involving defects in insulin receptors, signal transduction, and the glucose transport effector system. Am J Med 105:331-345
    • (1998) Am J Med , vol.105 , pp. 331-345
    • Hunter, S.J.1    Garvey, W.T.2
  • 127
    • 0036134187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistin and obesity-associated insulin resistance
    • Lazar MA 2002 Resistin and obesity-associated insulin resistance. Trends Endocrinol Metab 13:18-23
    • (2002) Trends Endocrinol Metab , vol.13 , pp. 18-23
    • Lazar, M.A.1
  • 128
    • 0035487109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistin/Fizz3 expression in relation to obesity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ action in humans
    • Savage DB, Sewter CP, Klenk ES, Segal DG, Vidal-Puig A, Considine RV, O'Rahilly S 2001 Resistin/Fizz3 expression in relation to obesity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ action in humans. Diabetes 50:2199-2202
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 2199-2202
    • Savage, D.B.1    Sewter, C.P.2    Klenk, E.S.3    Segal, D.G.4    Vidal-Puig, A.5    Considine, R.V.6    O'Rahilly, S.7
  • 129
    • 0036075274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human resistin gene: Molecular scanning and evaluation of association with insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes in Caucasians
    • Wang H, Chu WS, Hemphill C, Elbein SC 2002 Human resistin gene: molecular scanning and evaluation of association with insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes in Caucasians. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:2520-2524
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 2520-2524
    • Wang, H.1    Chu, W.S.2    Hemphill, C.3    Elbein, S.C.4
  • 131
    • 0034792882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistin: A new link between obesity and insulin resistance?
    • Oxf
    • Vidal-Puig A, O'Rahilly S 2001 Resistin: a new link between obesity and insulin resistance? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 55:437-438
    • (2001) Clin Endocrinol , vol.55 , pp. 437-438
    • Vidal-Puig, A.1    O'Rahilly, S.2
  • 133
    • 1442297076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depot-specific expression of resistin in human adipose tissue and regulation of resistin secretion by insulin and rosiglitazone in human subcutaneous adipocytes in vitro
    • McTernan PG, Fisher FM, McTernan CL, Chetty R, Valsamakis G, Harte AL, Lauer MN, Smith SA, Barnett AH, Kumar S 2002 Depot-specific expression of resistin in human adipose tissue and regulation of resistin secretion by insulin and rosiglitazone in human subcutaneous adipocytes in vitro. Diabetologia 45(Suppl 2):A66-A67
    • (2002) Diabetologia , vol.45 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • McTernan, P.G.1    Fisher, F.M.2    McTernan, C.L.3    Chetty, R.4    Valsamakis, G.5    Harte, A.L.6    Lauer, M.N.7    Smith, S.A.8    Barnett, A.H.9    Kumar, S.10
  • 134
    • 0038692862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A promoter genotype and oxidative stress potentially link resistin to human insulin resistance
    • Smith SR, Bai F, Charbonneau C, Janderova L, Argyropoulos G 2003 A promoter genotype and oxidative stress potentially link resistin to human insulin resistance. Diabetes 52:1611-1618
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 1611-1618
    • Smith, S.R.1    Bai, F.2    Charbonneau, C.3    Janderova, L.4    Argyropoulos, G.5
  • 135
    • 0037241112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose-derived resistin and gut-derived resistin-like molecule-β selectively impair insulin action on glucose production
    • Rajala MW, Obici S, Scherer PE, Rossetti L 2003 Adipose-derived resistin and gut-derived resistin-like molecule-β selectively impair insulin action on glucose production. J Clin Invest 111:225-230
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.111 , pp. 225-230
    • Rajala, M.W.1    Obici, S.2    Scherer, P.E.3    Rossetti, L.4
  • 137
    • 0035914057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition by insulin of resistin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • Haugen F, Jorgenson A, Drevon CA, Trayhurn P 2001 Inhibition by insulin of resistin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FEBS Lett 507:105-108
    • (2001) FEBS Lett , vol.507 , pp. 105-108
    • Haugen, F.1    Jorgenson, A.2    Drevon, C.A.3    Trayhurn, P.4
  • 142
    • 0036078427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue-specific increase in angiotensinogen expression and secretion in the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat
    • Hainault I, Nebout G, Turban S, Ardouin B, Ferre P, Quignard-Boulange A 2002 Adipose tissue-specific increase in angiotensinogen expression and secretion in the obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat. Am J Physiol 282:E59-E66
    • (2002) Am J Physiol , vol.282
    • Hainault, I.1    Nebout, G.2    Turban, S.3    Ardouin, B.4    Ferre, P.5    Quignard-Boulange, A.6
  • 143
    • 0033536236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin signaling in the arterial wall
    • Hsueh WA, Law RE 1999 Insulin signaling in the arterial wall. Am J Cardiol 84:21J-24J
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.84
    • Hsueh, W.A.1    Law, R.E.2
  • 144
    • 0033044420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troglitazone inhibits angiotensin II-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 nuclear translocation and activation in vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Goetze S, Xi XP, Graf K, Fleck E, Hsueh WA, Law RE 1999 Troglitazone inhibits angiotensin II-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 nuclear translocation and activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. FEBS Lett 452:277-282
    • (1999) FEBS Lett , vol.452 , pp. 277-282
    • Goetze, S.1    Xi, X.P.2    Graf, K.3    Fleck, E.4    Hsueh, W.A.5    Law, R.E.6
  • 145
    • 0032936725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis in insulin resistance. Evidence for a common antecedent?
    • Yudkin JS 1999 Abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis in insulin resistance. Evidence for a common antecedent? Diabetes Care 22(Suppl 3):C25-C30
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Yudkin, J.S.1
  • 146
    • 0030764551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAI-I, obesity, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular events
    • Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC 1997 PAI-I, obesity, insulin resistance and risk of cardiovascular events. Thromb Haemost 78:656-660
    • (1997) Thromb Haemost , vol.78 , pp. 656-660
    • Juhan-Vague, I.1    Alessi, M.C.2
  • 147
    • 0030975615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 by human adipose tissue: Possible link between visceral fat accumulation and vascular disease
    • Alessi MC, Peiretti F, Morange P, Henry M, Nalbone G, Juhan-Vague I 1997 Production of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 by human adipose tissue: possible link between visceral fat accumulation and vascular disease. Diabetes 46:860-867
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , pp. 860-867
    • Alessi, M.C.1    Peiretti, F.2    Morange, P.3    Henry, M.4    Nalbone, G.5    Juhan-Vague, I.6
  • 148
    • 0033853610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-β1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity
    • Alessi MC, Bastelica D, Morange P, Berthet B, Leduc I, Verdier M, Geel O, Juhan-Vague I 2000 Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-β1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity. Diabetes 49:1374-1380
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 1374-1380
    • Alessi, M.C.1    Bastelica, D.2    Morange, P.3    Berthet, B.4    Leduc, I.5    Verdier, M.6    Geel, O.7    Juhan-Vague, I.8
  • 149
    • 0034129582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of cytokines in the regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression and secretion in newly differentiated subcutaneous human adipocytes
    • Birgel M, Gottschling-Zeller H, Rohrig K, Hauner H 2000 Role of cytokines in the regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression and secretion in newly differentiated subcutaneous human adipocytes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 20:1682-1687
    • (2000) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.20 , pp. 1682-1687
    • Birgel, M.1    Gottschling-Zeller, H.2    Rohrig, K.3    Hauner, H.4
  • 150
    • 0026727093 scopus 로고
    • Serum tumour necrosis factor α and insulin resistance in gastrointestinal cancer
    • McCall JL, Tuckey JA, Parry BR 1992 Serum tumour necrosis factor α and insulin resistance in gastrointestinal cancer. Br J Surg 79:1361-1363
    • (1992) Br J Surg , vol.79 , pp. 1361-1363
    • McCall, J.L.1    Tuckey, J.A.2    Parry, B.R.3
  • 153
    • 0027459878 scopus 로고
    • Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-α: Direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil GS, Shargill NS, Spiegelman BM 1993 Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-α: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science 259:87-91
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 87-91
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Shargill, N.S.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 154
    • 0027332738 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-α suppresses insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and its substrates
    • Feinstein R, Kanety H, Papa MZ, Lunenfeld B, Karasik A 1993 Tumor necrosis factor-α suppresses insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and its substrates. J Biol Chem 268:26055-26058
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 26055-26058
    • Feinstein, R.1    Kanety, H.2    Papa, M.Z.3    Lunenfeld, B.4    Karasik, A.5
  • 155
    • 0030061922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-α- and obesity-induced insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil GS, Peraldi P, Budavari A, Ellis R, White MF, Spiegelman BM 1996 IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-α- and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 271:665-668
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 665-668
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Peraldi, P.2    Budavari, A.3    Ellis, R.4    White, M.F.5    Spiegelman, B.M.6
  • 156
    • 0028931724 scopus 로고
    • Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in human obesity and insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil GS, Arner P, Caro JF, Atkinson RL, Spiegelman BM 1995 Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in human obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 95:2409-2415
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 2409-2415
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Arner, P.2    Caro, J.F.3    Atkinson, R.L.4    Spiegelman, B.M.5
  • 157
    • 0037260541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor α and insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetic patients
    • Miyazaki Y, Pipek R, Mandarino LJ, DeFronzo RA 2003 Tumor necrosis factor α and insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Obesity 27:88-94
    • (2003) Int J Obesity , vol.27 , pp. 88-94
    • Miyazaki, Y.1    Pipek, R.2    Mandarino, L.J.3    DeFronzo, R.A.4
  • 158
    • 0031867918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between plasma tumor necrosis factor-α and insulin sensitivity in elderly men with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Nilsson J, Jovinge S, Niemann A, Reneland R, Lithell H 1998 Relation between plasma tumor necrosis factor-α and insulin sensitivity in elderly men with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 18:1199-1202
    • (1998) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.18 , pp. 1199-1202
    • Nilsson, J.1    Jovinge, S.2    Niemann, A.3    Reneland, R.4    Lithell, H.5
  • 159
    • 0032922944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations in a native Canadian population with high rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Zinman B, Hanley AJ, Harris SB, Kwan J, Fantus IG 1999 Circulating tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations in a native Canadian population with high rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84:272-278
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , pp. 272-278
    • Zinman, B.1    Hanley, A.J.2    Harris, S.B.3    Kwan, J.4    Fantus, I.G.5
  • 160
    • 0031898610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR-γ: Adipogenic regulator and thiazolidinedione receptor
    • Spiegelman BM 1998 PPAR-γ: adipogenic regulator and thiazolidinedione receptor. Diabetes 47:507-514
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 507-514
    • Spiegelman, B.M.1
  • 162
    • 0025260903 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 6: An over-view
    • Van Snick J 1990 Interleukin 6: an over-view. Annu Rev Immunol 8:253-278
    • (1990) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 253-278
    • Van Snick, J.1
  • 163
    • 0025159212 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 affects insulin secretion and glucose metabolism of rat pancreatic islets in vitro
    • Sandler S, Bendtzen K, Eizirik DL, Welsh M 1990 Interleukin-6 affects insulin secretion and glucose metabolism of rat pancreatic islets in vitro. Endocrinology 126:1288-1294
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.126 , pp. 1288-1294
    • Sandler, S.1    Bendtzen, K.2    Eizirik, D.L.3    Welsh, M.4
  • 164
    • 0035908632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-Reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Pradhan AD, Manson JE, Rifai N, Buring JE, Ridker PM 2001 C-Reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 286:327-334
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 327-334
    • Pradhan, A.D.1    Manson, J.E.2    Rifai, N.3    Buring, J.E.4    Ridker, P.M.5
  • 165
    • 0034625547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor and blood cytokine production in type 2 diabetes
    • Pickup JC, Chusney GD, Thomas SM, Burt D 2000 Plasma interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor and blood cytokine production in type 2 diabetes. Life Sci 67:291-300
    • (2000) Life Sci , vol.67 , pp. 291-300
    • Pickup, J.C.1    Chusney, G.D.2    Thomas, S.M.3    Burt, D.4
  • 168
    • 0031975899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence against a direct effect of leptin on glucose transport in skeletal muscle and adipocytes
    • Zierath JR, Frevert EU, Ryder JW, Berggren PO, Kahn BB 1998 Evidence against a direct effect of leptin on glucose transport in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Diabetes 47:1-4
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 1-4
    • Zierath, J.R.1    Frevert, E.U.2    Ryder, J.W.3    Berggren, P.O.4    Kahn, B.B.5
  • 170
    • 0032904873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing effects of leptin and insulin on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle: Evidence for an effect of leptin on glucose uptake and decarboxylation
    • Ceddia RB, William Jr WN, Curi R 1999 Comparing effects of leptin and insulin on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle: evidence for an effect of leptin on glucose uptake and decarboxylation. Int J Obesity Related Metab Disord 23:75-82
    • (1999) Int J Obesity Related Metab Disord , vol.23 , pp. 75-82
    • Ceddia, R.B.1    William Jr., W.N.2    Curi, R.3
  • 173
    • 0031764763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of effect of leptin on glucose transport, lipoprotein lipase, and insulin action in adipose and muscle cells
    • Ranganathan S, Ciaraldi TP, Henry RR, Mudaliar S, Kern PA 1998 Lack of effect of leptin on glucose transport, lipoprotein lipase, and insulin action in adipose and muscle cells. Endocrinology 139:2509-2513
    • (1998) Endocrinology , vol.139 , pp. 2509-2513
    • Ranganathan, S.1    Ciaraldi, T.P.2    Henry, R.R.3    Mudaliar, S.4    Kern, P.A.5
  • 174
    • 0034520485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial: Leptin as a therapeutic agent-trials and tribulations
    • Mantzoros CS, Flier JS 2000 Editorial: leptin as a therapeutic agent-trials and tribulations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:4000-4002
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 4000-4002
    • Mantzoros, C.S.1    Flier, J.S.2
  • 179
    • 0018861450 scopus 로고
    • Cell-mediated immunity in genetically obese C57BL/6J ob/ob mice
    • Chandra RK 1980 Cell-mediated immunity in genetically obese C57BL/6J ob/ob mice. Am J Clin Nutr 33:13-16
    • (1980) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.33 , pp. 13-16
    • Chandra, R.K.1
  • 180
    • 0031720795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is type II diabetes mellitus a disease of the innate immune system?
    • Pickup JC, Crook MA 1998 Is type II diabetes mellitus a disease of the innate immune system? Diabetologia 41:1241-1248
    • (1998) Diabetologia , vol.41 , pp. 1241-1248
    • Pickup, J.C.1    Crook, M.A.2
  • 181
    • 0026638667 scopus 로고
    • Adipsin and an endogenous pathway of complement from adipose cells
    • Choy LN, Rosen BS, Spiegelman BM 1992 Adipsin and an endogenous pathway of complement from adipose cells. J Biol Chem 267:12736-12741
    • (1992) J Biol Chem , vol.267 , pp. 12736-12741
    • Choy, L.N.1    Rosen, B.S.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 182
    • 0033071778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acylation stimulating protein (ASP), an adipocyte autocrine: New directions
    • Cianflone K, Maslowska M, Sniderman AD 1999 Acylation stimulating protein (ASP), an adipocyte autocrine: new directions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 10:31-41
    • (1999) Semin Cell Dev Biol , vol.10 , pp. 31-41
    • Cianflone, K.1    Maslowska, M.2    Sniderman, A.D.3
  • 184
    • 0034604248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)
    • Festa A, D'Agostino Jr R, Howard G, Mykkanen L, Tracy RP, Haffner SM 2000 Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Circulation 102:42-47
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 42-47
    • Festa, A.1    D'Agostino Jr., R.2    Howard, G.3    Mykkanen, L.4    Tracy, R.P.5    Haffner, S.M.6
  • 185
    • 0034943512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High sensitivity C-reactive protein for predicting cardiovascular disease: An inflammatory hypothesis
    • Blake GJ, Ridker PM 2001 High sensitivity C-reactive protein for predicting cardiovascular disease: an inflammatory hypothesis. Eur Heart J 22:349-352
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 349-352
    • Blake, G.J.1    Ridker, P.M.2
  • 186
    • 0026021161 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance: A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and ASCVD
    • DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E 1991 Insulin resistance: a multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and ASCVD. Diabetes Care Rev 14:173-194
    • (1991) Diabetes Care Rev , vol.14 , pp. 173-194
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Ferrannini, E.2
  • 187
    • 0024160877 scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven GM 1988 Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37:1595-1607
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1607
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 189
    • 0032509889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines: Chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation
    • Luster AD 1998 Chemokines: chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation. N Engl J Med 338:436-445
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 436-445
    • Luster, A.D.1
  • 190
    • 0035928668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do resistin and resistin-like molecules also link obesity to inflammatory diseases?
    • Gomez-Ambrosi J, Fruhbeck G 2001 Do resistin and resistin-like molecules also link obesity to inflammatory diseases? Ann Intern Med 135:306-307
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 306-307
    • Gomez-Ambrosi, J.1    Fruhbeck, G.2
  • 191
  • 192
    • 0034746311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-κB: Pivotal mediator or innocent bystander in atherogenesis?
    • Collins T, Cybulsky MI 2001 NF-κB: pivotal mediator or innocent bystander in atherogenesis? J Clin Invest 107:255-264
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.107 , pp. 255-264
    • Collins, T.1    Cybulsky, M.I.2
  • 194
    • 0035979775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of obesity- and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of Iκκβ
    • Yuan M, Konstantopoulos N, Lee J, Hansen L, Li ZW, Karin M, Shoelson SE 2001 Reversal of obesity- and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of Iκκβ. Science 293:1673-1677
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1673-1677
    • Yuan, M.1    Konstantopoulos, N.2    Lee, J.3    Hansen, L.4    Li, Z.W.5    Karin, M.6    Shoelson, S.E.7
  • 195
    • 0033571738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salicylic acid and aspirin inhibit the activity of RSK2 kinase and repress RSK2-dependent transcription of cyclic AMP response element binding protein- and NF-κB-responsive genes
    • Stevenson MA, Zhao MJ, Asea A, Coleman CN, Calderwood SK 1999 Salicylic acid and aspirin inhibit the activity of RSK2 kinase and repress RSK2-dependent transcription of cyclic AMP response element binding protein- and NF-κB-responsive genes. J Immunol 163:5608-5616
    • (1999) J Immunol , vol.163 , pp. 5608-5616
    • Stevenson, M.A.1    Zhao, M.J.2    Asea, A.3    Coleman, C.N.4    Calderwood, S.K.5
  • 197
    • 0036710513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adipocentric view of signaling and intracellular trafficking
    • Mora S, Pessin JE 2002 An adipocentric view of signaling and intracellular trafficking. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 18:345-356
    • (2002) Diabetes Metab Res Rev , vol.18 , pp. 345-356
    • Mora, S.1    Pessin, J.E.2
  • 198
    • 0031897103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
    • Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, Eberhardt MS, Goldstein DE, Little RR, Wiedmeyer HM, Byrd-Holt DD 1998 Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U.S. adults. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Diabetes Care 21:518-524
    • (1998) Diabetes Care , vol.21 , pp. 518-524
    • Harris, M.I.1    Flegal, K.M.2    Cowie, C.C.3    Eberhardt, M.S.4    Goldstein, D.E.5    Little, R.R.6    Wiedmeyer, H.M.7    Byrd-Holt, D.D.8
  • 199
    • 0029966681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Pi-Sunyer F 1996 Weight and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr 63(Suppl 3):426S-429S
    • (1996) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Pi-Sunyer, F.1
  • 200
    • 0019372096 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes incidence in Pima Indians: Contributions of obesity and parental diabetes
    • Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Savage PJ, Bennett PH 1981 Diabetes incidence in Pima Indians: contributions of obesity and parental diabetes. Am J Epidemiol 113:144-156
    • (1981) Am J Epidemiol , vol.113 , pp. 144-156
    • Knowler, W.C.1    Pettitt, D.J.2    Savage, P.J.3    Bennett, P.H.4
  • 202
    • 0032777687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight change and duration of overweight and obesity in the incidence of type 2 diabetes
    • Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG 1999 Weight change and duration of overweight and obesity in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22:1266-1272
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 1266-1272
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2
  • 203
    • 0032806007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum true insulin concentration and the risk of clinical non-insulin dependent diabetes during long-term follow-up
    • Perry IJ, Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Alberti KG 1999 Serum true insulin concentration and the risk of clinical non-insulin dependent diabetes during long-term follow-up. Int J Epidemiol 28:735-741
    • (1999) Int J Epidemiol , vol.28 , pp. 735-741
    • Perry, I.J.1    Wannamethee, S.G.2    Shaper, A.G.3    Alberti, K.G.4
  • 204
    • 0035461320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated incidence of type 2 diabetes in San Antonio, Texas, compared with that of Mexico City, Mexico
    • Burke JP, Williams K, Haffner SM, Villalpando CG, Stern MP 2001 Elevated incidence of type 2 diabetes in San Antonio, Texas, compared with that of Mexico City, Mexico. Diabetes Care 24:1573-158
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 1573-158
    • Burke, J.P.1    Williams, K.2    Haffner, S.M.3    Villalpando, C.G.4    Stern, M.P.5
  • 205
    • 0018192087 scopus 로고
    • Insulin binding to monocytes and insulin action in human obesity, starvation, and refeeding
    • DeFronzo RA, Sherwin RS, Hendler R, Felig P 1978 Insulin binding to monocytes and insulin action in human obesity, starvation, and refeeding. J Clin Invest 62:204-213
    • (1978) J Clin Invest , vol.62 , pp. 204-213
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Sherwin, R.S.2    Hendler, R.3    Felig, P.4
  • 206
    • 0018896297 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of insulin resistance in human obesity: Evidence for receptor and postreceptor defects
    • Kolterman OG, Insel J, Saekow M, Olfesky JM 1980 Mechanisms of insulin resistance in human obesity: evidence for receptor and postreceptor defects. J Clin Invest 65:1272-1284
    • (1980) J Clin Invest , vol.65 , pp. 1272-1284
    • Kolterman, O.G.1    Insel, J.2    Saekow, M.3    Olfesky, J.M.4
  • 208
    • 0025748673 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic implications of body fat distribution
    • Bjorntorp P 1991 Metabolic implications of body fat distribution. Diabetes Care 14:1132-1143
    • (1991) Diabetes Care , vol.14 , pp. 1132-1143
    • Bjorntorp, P.1
  • 209
    • 0027966932 scopus 로고
    • Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men
    • Chan JM, Rimm EB, Colditz GA, Stapfer MJ, Willett WC 1994 Obesity, fat distribution, and weight gain as risk factors for clinical diabetes in men. Diabetes Care 17:961-969
    • (1994) Diabetes Care , vol.17 , pp. 961-969
    • Chan, J.M.1    Rimm, E.B.2    Colditz, G.A.3    Stapfer, M.J.4    Willett, W.C.5
  • 210
    • 73649168830 scopus 로고
    • Forearm metabolism in obesity and its response to intraarterial insulin. Characterization of insulin resistance and evidence for adaptive hyperinsulinism
    • Rabinowitz D, Zierler KL 1962 Forearm metabolism in obesity and its response to intraarterial insulin. Characterization of insulin resistance and evidence for adaptive hyperinsulinism. J Clin Invest 41:2173-2181
    • (1962) J Clin Invest , vol.41 , pp. 2173-2181
    • Rabinowitz, D.1    Zierler, K.L.2
  • 212
    • 0020576117 scopus 로고
    • In vitro insulin resistance of human adipocytes isolated from subjects with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Kashiwagi A, Verso MA, Andrews J, Vasquez B, Reavan GM, Foley JE 1983 In vitro insulin resistance of human adipocytes isolated from subjects with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 72:1246-1254
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , pp. 1246-1254
    • Kashiwagi, A.1    Verso, M.A.2    Andrews, J.3    Vasquez, B.4    Reavan, G.M.5    Foley, J.E.6
  • 213
    • 0026708888 scopus 로고
    • Effect of insulin on oxidative and non-oxidative pathways of glucose and free fatty acid metabolism in human obesity
    • Groop L, Bonadonna R, Simonson DC, Petrides A, Hasan S, DeFronzo RA 1992 Effect of insulin on oxidative and non-oxidative pathways of glucose and free fatty acid metabolism in human obesity. Am J Physiol 263:E79-E84
    • (1992) Am J Physiol , vol.263
    • Groop, L.1    Bonadonna, R.2    Simonson, D.C.3    Petrides, A.4    Hasan, S.5    DeFronzo, R.A.6
  • 214
    • 0029775612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors
    • Clausen JO, Borch-Johnsen K, Ibsen H, Bergman RN, Hougaard P, Winther K, Pedersen O 1996 Insulin sensitivity index, acute insulin response, and glucose effectiveness in a population-based sample of 380 young healthy Caucasians. Analysis of the impact of gender, body fat, physical fitness, and life-style factors. J Clin Invest 98:1195-1209
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.98 , pp. 1195-1209
    • Clausen, J.O.1    Borch-Johnsen, K.2    Ibsen, H.3    Bergman, R.N.4    Hougaard, P.5    Winther, K.6    Pedersen, O.7
  • 215
    • 0024587721 scopus 로고
    • Biology of regional body fat distribution: Relationship to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Kissebah AH, Peiris AN 1989 Biology of regional body fat distribution: relationship to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Rev 5:83-109
    • (1989) Diabetes Metab Rev , vol.5 , pp. 83-109
    • Kissebah, A.H.1    Peiris, A.N.2
  • 217
    • 0028919252 scopus 로고
    • Does intra-abdominal adipose tissue in black men determine whether NIDDM is insulin-resistant or insulin-sensitive?
    • Banerji MA, Chaiken RL, Gordon D, Krai JG, Lebovitz HE 1995 Does intra-abdominal adipose tissue in black men determine whether NIDDM is insulin-resistant or insulin-sensitive? Diabetes 44:141-146
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 141-146
    • Banerji, M.A.1    Chaiken, R.L.2    Gordon, D.3    Krai, J.G.4    Lebovitz, H.E.5
  • 220
    • 0030657602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional adipocity in man
    • Arner P 1997 Regional adipocity in man. J Endocrinol 155:191-192
    • (1997) J Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 191-192
    • Arner, P.1
  • 221
    • 0031739240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional difference in insulin inhibition of non-esterified fatty acid release from human adipocytes: Relation to insulin receptor phosphorylation and intracellular signaling through the insulin receptor substrate-1-pathway
    • Zierath JR, Livingston JN, Thorne A, Bolinder J, Reynisdottir S, Lonnqvist F, Arner P 1998 Regional difference in insulin inhibition of non-esterified fatty acid release from human adipocytes: relation to insulin receptor phosphorylation and intracellular signaling through the insulin receptor substrate-1-pathway. Diabetologia 41:1343-1354
    • (1998) Diabetologia , vol.41 , pp. 1343-1354
    • Zierath, J.R.1    Livingston, J.N.2    Thorne, A.3    Bolinder, J.4    Reynisdottir, S.5    Lonnqvist, F.6    Arner, P.7
  • 222
    • 0025299388 scopus 로고
    • "Portal" adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes
    • Bjorntorp P 1990 "Portal" adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Arteriosclerosis 10:493-496
    • (1990) Arteriosclerosis , vol.10 , pp. 493-496
    • Bjorntorp, P.1
  • 223
    • 0034961865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in protein production by human adipose tissue
    • Arner P 2001 Regional differences in protein production by human adipose tissue. Biochem Soc Trans 29:72-75
    • (2001) Biochem Soc Trans , vol.29 , pp. 72-75
    • Arner, P.1
  • 224
    • 0036930844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of adiponectin secretion from cultured human omental and subcutaneous adipocytes: Effects of insulin and rosiglitazone
    • Motoshima H, Wu X, Sinha MK, Hardy VE, Rosato EL, Barbot DJ, Rosato FE, Goldstein BJ 2002 Differential regulation of adiponectin secretion from cultured human omental and subcutaneous adipocytes: effects of insulin and rosiglitazone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:5662-5667
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 5662-5667
    • Motoshima, H.1    Wu, X.2    Sinha, M.K.3    Hardy, V.E.4    Rosato, E.L.5    Barbot, D.J.6    Rosato, F.E.7    Goldstein, B.J.8
  • 225
    • 0036309971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in the response of human pre-adipocytes to PPARγ and RXRα agonists
    • Sewter CP, Blows F, Vidal-Puig A, O'Rahilly S 2002 Regional differences in the response of human pre-adipocytes to PPARγ and RXRα agonists. Diabetes 51:7218-723
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 7218-7723
    • Sewter, C.P.1    Blows, F.2    Vidal-Puig, A.3    O'Rahilly, S.4
  • 230
    • 0000202974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing intramyocellular triglyceride stores are associated with impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM
    • Stein DT, Szczepanik L, Dobbins R, McGarry JD 1999 Increasing intramyocellular triglyceride stores are associated with impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM. Diabetes 48(Suppl 1):A287
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Stein, D.T.1    Szczepanik, L.2    Dobbins, R.3    McGarry, J.D.4
  • 231
    • 0030765908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous abdominal fat and thigh muscle composition predict insulin sensitivity independently of visceral fat
    • Goodpaster BH, Thaete FL, Simoneau JA, Kelley DE 1997 Subcutaneous abdominal fat and thigh muscle composition predict insulin sensitivity independently of visceral fat. Diabetes 46:1579-1585
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , pp. 1579-1585
    • Goodpaster, B.H.1    Thaete, F.L.2    Simoneau, J.A.3    Kelley, D.E.4
  • 232
    • 0033054725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of weight loss on regional fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in obesity
    • Goodpaster BH, Kelley DE, Wing RR, Meier A, Thaete FL 1999 Effects of weight loss on regional fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in obesity. Diabetes 48:839-847
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 839-847
    • Goodpaster, B.H.1    Kelley, D.E.2    Wing, R.R.3    Meier, A.4    Thaete, F.L.5
  • 233
    • 0033400310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and weight loss
    • Kelley DE, Goodpaster B, Wing RR, Simoneau JA 1999 Skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and weight loss. Am J Physiol 277:E1130-E1141
    • (1999) Am J Physiol , vol.277
    • Kelley, D.E.1    Goodpaster, B.2    Wing, R.R.3    Simoneau, J.A.4
  • 235
    • 0342314436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic fat content and insulin action on free fatty acids and glucose metabolism rather than insulin absorption are associated with insulin requirements during insulin therapy in type 2 diabetic patients
    • Ryysy L, Hakkinen AM, Goto T, Vehkavaara S, Westerbacka J, Halavaara J, Yki-Jarvinen H 2000 Hepatic fat content and insulin action on free fatty acids and glucose metabolism rather than insulin absorption are associated with insulin requirements during insulin therapy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 49:749-758
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 749-758
    • Ryysy, L.1    Hakkinen, A.M.2    Goto, T.3    Vehkavaara, S.4    Westerbacka, J.5    Halavaara, J.6    Yki-Jarvinen, H.7
  • 236
    • 0020037655 scopus 로고
    • Familial partial lipodystrophy: Complications of obesity in the non-obese?
    • Robbins DC, Horton ES, Tulp O, Sims EA 1982 Familial partial lipodystrophy: complications of obesity in the non-obese? Metabolism 31:445-452
    • (1982) Metabolism , vol.31 , pp. 445-452
    • Robbins, D.C.1    Horton, E.S.2    Tulp, O.3    Sims, E.A.4
  • 242
    • 0033517284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptin reverses insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in mice with congenital lipodystrophy
    • Shimomura I, Hammer RE, Ikemoto S, Brown MS, Goldstein JL 1999 Leptin reverses insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in mice with congenital lipodystrophy. Nature 401:73-76
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 73-76
    • Shimomura, I.1    Hammer, R.E.2    Ikemoto, S.3    Brown, M.S.4    Goldstein, J.L.5
  • 244
    • 0033942169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue deficiency, glucose intolerance, and increased atherosclerosis result from mutation in the mouse fatty liver dystrophy (fld) gene
    • Reue K, Xu P, Wang XP, Slavin BG 2000 Adipose tissue deficiency, glucose intolerance, and increased atherosclerosis result from mutation in the mouse fatty liver dystrophy (fld) gene. J Lipid Res 41:1067-1076
    • (2000) J Lipid Res , vol.41 , pp. 1067-1076
    • Reue, K.1    Xu, P.2    Wang, X.P.3    Slavin, B.G.4
  • 245
    • 0035163850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipodystrophy in the fld mouse results from mutation of a new gene encoding a nuclear protein, lipin
    • Peterfy M, Phan J, Xu P, Reue K 2001 Lipodystrophy in the fld mouse results from mutation of a new gene encoding a nuclear protein, lipin. Nat Genet 27:121-124
    • (2001) Nat Genet , vol.27 , pp. 121-124
    • Peterfy, M.1    Phan, J.2    Xu, P.3    Reue, K.4
  • 247
    • 0033834284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous lipectomy causes a metabolic syndrome in hamsters
    • Weber RV, Buckley MC, Fried SK, Kral JG 2000 Subcutaneous lipectomy causes a metabolic syndrome in hamsters. Am J Physiol 279:R936-R943
    • (2000) Am J Physiol , vol.279
    • Weber, R.V.1    Buckley, M.C.2    Fried, S.K.3    Kral, J.G.4
  • 248
    • 0033817811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of adipocyte differentiation causes type II diabetes mellitus?
    • Danforth Jr E 2000 Failure of adipocyte differentiation causes type II diabetes mellitus? Nat Genet 26:13
    • (2000) Nat Genet , vol.26 , pp. 13
    • Danforth Jr., E.1
  • 249
    • 0015011549 scopus 로고
    • Insulin secretion in relation to adipose tissue in men
    • Bjorntorp P, Berchtold P, Tibblin G 1971 Insulin secretion in relation to adipose tissue in men. Diabetes 20:65-70
    • (1971) Diabetes , vol.20 , pp. 65-70
    • Bjorntorp, P.1    Berchtold, P.2    Tibblin, G.3
  • 250
    • 0019556743 scopus 로고
    • Effects of altered adipose tissue morphology on plasma insulin levels in the rat
    • Schneider BS, Faust IM, Hemmes R, Hirsch J 1981 Effects of altered adipose tissue morphology on plasma insulin levels in the rat. Am J Physiol 240:E358-E362
    • (1981) Am J Physiol , vol.240
    • Schneider, B.S.1    Faust, I.M.2    Hemmes, R.3    Hirsch, J.4
  • 251
    • 0001362641 scopus 로고
    • Role of adipose cell size and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in the carbohydrate intolerance of human obesity
    • Salans LB, Knittle JL, Hirsch J 1968 Role of adipose cell size and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in the carbohydrate intolerance of human obesity. J Clin Invest 47:153-165
    • (1968) J Clin Invest , vol.47 , pp. 153-165
    • Salans, L.B.1    Knittle, J.L.2    Hirsch, J.3
  • 252
    • 0035715144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, a predictor of type 2 diabetes, is linked to chromosome 1q21-q23 and is associated with a common polymorphism in LMNA in Pima Indians
    • Weyer C, Wolford JK, Hanson RL, Foley JE, Tataranni PA, Bogardus C, Pratley RE 2001 Subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, a predictor of type 2 diabetes, is linked to chromosome 1q21-q23 and is associated with a common polymorphism in LMNA in Pima Indians. Mol Genet Metab 72:231-238
    • (2001) Mol Genet Metab , vol.72 , pp. 231-238
    • Weyer, C.1    Wolford, J.K.2    Hanson, R.L.3    Foley, J.E.4    Tataranni, P.A.5    Bogardus, C.6    Pratley, R.E.7
  • 253
    • 0034434892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enlarged subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, but not obesity itself, predicts type II diabetes independent of insulin resistance
    • Weyer C, Foley JE, Bogardus C, Tataranni PA, Pratley RE 2000 Enlarged subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, but not obesity itself, predicts type II diabetes independent of insulin resistance. Diabetologia 43:1498-1506
    • (2000) Diabetologia , vol.43 , pp. 1498-1506
    • Weyer, C.1    Foley, J.E.2    Bogardus, C.3    Tataranni, P.A.4    Pratley, R.E.5
  • 254
    • 1442272497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of sustained reduction in plasma FFA concentration on insulin secretion in non-diabetic subjects with a strong family history of T2DM
    • Kahsyap S, Suraamornkul S, Bajaj M, Belfort R, Berria R, Mandarino L, DeFronzo R, Cusi K 2003 Effect of sustained reduction in plasma FFA concentration on insulin secretion in non-diabetic subjects with a strong family history of T2DM. Diabetes 52(Suppl 1):A336
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Kahsyap, S.1    Suraamornkul, S.2    Bajaj, M.3    Belfort, R.4    Berria, R.5    Mandarino, L.6    DeFronzo, R.7    Cusi, K.8
  • 255
    • 0026468362 scopus 로고
    • What if Minkowski had been ageusic? An alternative angle on diabetes
    • McGarry JD 1992 What if Minkowski had been ageusic? An alternative angle on diabetes. Sicence 258:766-770
    • (1992) Sicence , vol.258 , pp. 766-770
    • McGarry, J.D.1
  • 256
    • 0035124186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New oral therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: The glitazones or insulin sensitizers
    • Mudaliar S, Henry RR 2001 New oral therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: the glitazones or insulin sensitizers. Annu Rev Med 52:239-257
    • (2001) Annu Rev Med , vol.52 , pp. 239-257
    • Mudaliar, S.1    Henry, R.R.2
  • 257
    • 7844236780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troglitazone monotherapy improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, controlled study
    • The Troglitazone Study Group
    • Fonseca VA, Valiquett TR, Huang SM, Ghazzi MN, Whitcomb RW 1998 Troglitazone monotherapy improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, controlled study. The Troglitazone Study Group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:3169-3176
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 3169-3176
    • Fonseca, V.A.1    Valiquett, T.R.2    Huang, S.M.3    Ghazzi, M.N.4    Whitcomb, R.W.5
  • 258
    • 0029995670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediiones in the treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
    • Saltiel AR, Olefsky JM 1996 Thiazolidinediiones in the treatment of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 45:1661-1669
    • (1996) Diabetes , vol.45 , pp. 1661-1669
    • Saltiel, A.R.1    Olefsky, J.M.2
  • 259
    • 0033754530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pioglitazone hydrochloride monotherapy improves glycemic control in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes: A 6-month randomized placebo-controlled dose-response study
    • The Pioglitazone 001 Study Group
    • Aronoff S, Rosenblatt S, Braithwaite S, Egan JW, Mathisen AL, Schneider RL 1996 Pioglitazone hydrochloride monotherapy improves glycemic control in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes: a 6-month randomized placebo-controlled dose-response study. The Pioglitazone 001 Study Group. Diabetes Care 23:1605-1611
    • (1996) Diabetes Care , vol.23 , pp. 1605-1611
    • Aronoff, S.1    Rosenblatt, S.2    Braithwaite, S.3    Egan, J.W.4    Mathisen, A.L.5    Schneider, R.L.6
  • 266
    • 0033857387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of insulin resistance with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists
    • Olfesky JM 2000 Treatment of insulin resistance with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists. J Clin Invest 106:467-427
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.106 , pp. 467-1427
    • Olfesky, J.M.1
  • 267
    • 0036068327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troglitazone but not metformin restores insulin-stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and increases p 110b protein levels in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic subjects
    • Kim YB, Ciaraldi TP, Kong A, Kim D, Chu N, Mohideen P, Mudaliar S, Henry RR, Kahn BB 2002 Troglitazone but not metformin restores insulin-stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and increases p 110b protein levels in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes 51:443-448
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 443-448
    • Kim, Y.B.1    Ciaraldi, T.P.2    Kong, A.3    Kim, D.4    Chu, N.5    Mohideen, P.6    Mudaliar, S.7    Henry, R.R.8    Kahn, B.B.9
  • 269
    • 0036517099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response effect of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Miyazaki Y, Matsuda M, DeFronzo RA 2002 Dose-response effect of pioglitazone on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 25:517-523
    • (2002) Diabetes Care , vol.25 , pp. 517-523
    • Miyazaki, Y.1    Matsuda, M.2    DeFronzo, R.A.3
  • 272
    • 0033613181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troglitazone prevents mitochondrial alterations, β cell destruction, and diabetes in obese prediabetic rats
    • Higa M, Zhou YT, Ravazzola M, Baetens D, Orci L, Unger RH 1999 Troglitazone prevents mitochondrial alterations, β cell destruction, and diabetes in obese prediabetic rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:11513-11518
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.96 , pp. 11513-11518
    • Higa, M.1    Zhou, Y.T.2    Ravazzola, M.3    Baetens, D.4    Orci, L.5    Unger, R.H.6
  • 273
    • 0030033508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of troglitazone: A new hypoglycemic agent in patients with NIDDM poorly controlled by diet therapy
    • Iwamoto Y, Kosaka K, Kuzuya T, Akanuma Y, Shigeta Y, Kaneko T 1996 Effects of troglitazone: a new hypoglycemic agent in patients with NIDDM poorly controlled by diet therapy. Diabetes Care 19:151-156
    • (1996) Diabetes Care , vol.19 , pp. 151-156
    • Iwamoto, Y.1    Kosaka, K.2    Kuzuya, T.3    Akanuma, Y.4    Shigeta, Y.5    Kaneko, T.6
  • 274
    • 3543018475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troglitazone in combination with sulfonylurea restores glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Horton ES, Whitehouse F, Ghazzi MN, Venable TC, Troglitazone Study Group, Whitecomb RW 1998 Troglitazone in combination with sulfonylurea restores glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 21:1462-1469
    • (1998) Diabetes Care , vol.21 , pp. 1462-1469
    • Horton, E.S.1    Whitehouse, F.2    Ghazzi, M.N.3    Venable, T.C.4    Whitecomb, R.W.5
  • 276
    • 0034088987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of troglitazone: Open-label extension studies in type 2 diabetic patients
    • Fonseca V, Foyt HL, Shen K, Whitcomb R 2000 Long-term effects of troglitazone: open-label extension studies in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 23:354-359
    • (2000) Diabetes Care , vol.23 , pp. 354-359
    • Fonseca, V.1    Foyt, H.L.2    Shen, K.3    Whitcomb, R.4
  • 277
    • 0033123466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone monotherapy improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A twelve-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Patel J, Anderson RJ, Rappaport EB 1999 Rosiglitazone monotherapy improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a twelve-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Diabetes Obesity Metab 1:165-172
    • (1999) Diabetes Obesity Metab , vol.1 , pp. 165-172
    • Patel, J.1    Anderson, R.J.2    Rappaport, E.B.3
  • 278
    • 0035140430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone monotherapy is effective in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • The Rosiglitazone Clinical Trials Study Group
    • Lebovitz HE, Dole JF, Patwardhan R, Rappaport EB, Freed MI 2001 The Rosiglitazone Clinical Trials Study Group. Rosiglitazone monotherapy is effective in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:280-288
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 280-288
    • Lebovitz, H.E.1    Dole, J.F.2    Patwardhan, R.3    Rappaport, E.B.4    Freed, M.I.5
  • 279
    • 0035205594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Chilcott J, Tappenden P, Jones ML, Wight JP 2001 A systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther 23:1792-1823
    • (2001) Clin Ther , vol.23 , pp. 1792-1823
    • Chilcott, J.1    Tappenden, P.2    Jones, M.L.3    Wight, J.P.4
  • 281
    • 0022504076 scopus 로고
    • Effects of weight loss on mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Henry RR, Wallace P, Olefsky JM 1986 Effects of weight loss on mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 35:990-998
    • (1986) Diabetes , vol.35 , pp. 990-998
    • Henry, R.R.1    Wallace, P.2    Olefsky, J.M.3
  • 282
    • 0035205594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of the effectiveness of pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Chilcott J, Tappenden P, Jones ML, Wight JP 2001 A systematic review of the effectiveness of pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther 23:1792-1823
    • (2001) Clin Ther , vol.23 , pp. 1792-1823
    • Chilcott, J.1    Tappenden, P.2    Jones, M.L.3    Wight, J.P.4
  • 284
    • 0036183630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of action of PPARs
    • Berger J, Moller DE 2002 The mechanisms of action of PPARs. Annu Rev Med 53:409-435
    • (2002) Annu Rev Med , vol.53 , pp. 409-435
    • Berger, J.1    Moller, D.E.2
  • 285
    • 0033659881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unraveling the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones
    • Kahn CR, Chen L, Cohen SE 2000 Unraveling the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones. J Clin Invest 106:1305-1307
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.106 , pp. 1305-1307
    • Kahn, C.R.1    Chen, L.2    Cohen, S.E.3
  • 287
    • 0030977450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene expression in human tissues: Effects of obesity, weight loss and regulation by insulin and glucocorticoids
    • Vidal-Puig AJ, Considine RV, Jimenez-Linan M, Werman A, Pories WJ, Caro JF, Flier JS 1997 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene expression in human tissues: effects of obesity, weight loss and regulation by insulin and glucocorticoids. J Clin Invest 99:2416-2422
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 2416-2422
    • Vidal-Puig, A.J.1    Considine, R.V.2    Jimenez-Linan, M.3    Werman, A.4    Pories, W.J.5    Caro, J.F.6    Flier, J.S.7
  • 289
    • 0030951143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification, characterization, and tissue distribution of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms PPARγ2 versus PPARγ1 and activation with retinoid X receptor agonists and antagonists
    • Mukherjee R, Jow L, Croston GE, Paterniti Jr JR 1997 Identification, characterization, and tissue distribution of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) isoforms PPARγ2 versus PPARγ1 and activation with retinoid X receptor agonists and antagonists. J Biol Chem 272:8071-8076
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 8071-8076
    • Mukherjee, R.1    Jow, L.2    Croston, G.E.3    Paterniti Jr., J.R.4
  • 291
    • 0032540325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARγ
    • Nagy L, Tontonoz P, Alvarez JGA, Chen H, Evans RM 1998 Oxidized LDL regulates macrophage gene expression through ligand activation of PPARγ. Cell 93:229-240
    • (1998) Cell , vol.93 , pp. 229-240
    • Nagy, L.1    Tontonoz, P.2    Alvarez, J.G.A.3    Chen, H.4    Evans, R.M.5
  • 292
    • 0036007025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARγ knockdown by engineered transcription factors: Exogenous PPARγ2 but not PPARγ1 reactivates adipogenesis
    • Ren D, Collingwood TN, Rebar EJ, Wolffe AP, Camp HS 2002 PPARγ knockdown by engineered transcription factors: exogenous PPARγ2 but not PPARγ1 reactivates adipogenesis. Genes Dev 16:27-32
    • (2002) Genes Dev , vol.16 , pp. 27-32
    • Ren, D.1    Collingwood, T.N.2    Rebar, E.J.3    Wolffe, A.P.4    Camp, H.S.5
  • 293
    • 0028641559 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by P, PARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor
    • Tontonoz P, Hu E, Spiegelman BM 1994 Stimulation of adipogenesis in fibroblasts by P, PARγ2, a lipid-activated transcription factor. Cell 79:1147-1156
    • (1994) Cell , vol.79 , pp. 1147-1156
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Hu, E.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 296
    • 0034528578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal signaling and transcriptional control of adipocyte differentiation
    • Morrison RF, Farmer SF 2000 Hormonal signaling and transcriptional control of adipocyte differentiation. J Nutr 130:31165-31215
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130 , pp. 31165-31215
    • Morrison, R.F.1    Farmer, S.F.2
  • 299
    • 0030297919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipogenesis and obesity: Rounding out the big picture
    • Spiegelman BM, Flier JS 1996 Adipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big picture. Cell 87:377-389
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 377-389
    • Spiegelman, B.M.1    Flier, J.S.2
  • 302
    • 0033583044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution of insulin-sensitive glucose transport in fibroblasts requires expression of both PPARγ and C/EBPα
    • El-Jack AK, Hamm JK, Pilch PF, Farmer SR 1999 Reconstitution of insulin-sensitive glucose transport in fibroblasts requires expression of both PPARγ and C/EBPα. J Biol Chem 274:7946-7951
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 7946-7951
    • El-Jack, A.K.1    Hamm, J.K.2    Pilch, P.F.3    Farmer, S.R.4
  • 304
    • 0028988487 scopus 로고
    • PPAR-γ2 regulates adipose expression of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene
    • Tontonoz P, Hu E, Devine J, Beale EG, Spiegelman BM 1995 PPAR-γ2 regulates adipose expression of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene. Mol Cell Biol 15:351-357
    • (1995) Mol Cell Biol , vol.15 , pp. 351-357
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Hu, E.2    Devine, J.3    Beale, E.G.4    Spiegelman, B.M.5
  • 305
    • 0029144018 scopus 로고
    • Induction of the acylcoenzyme a synthetase gene by fibrates and fatty acids is mediated by a peroxisome proliferator response element in the C promoter
    • Schoonjans K, Watanabe M, Suzuki H, Mahfoudi A, Krey G, Wahli W, Grimaldi P, Staels B, Yamamoto T, Auwerx J 1995 Induction of the acylcoenzyme A synthetase gene by fibrates and fatty acids is mediated by a peroxisome proliferator response element in the C promoter. J Biol Chem 270:19269-19276
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 19269-19276
    • Schoonjans, K.1    Watanabe, M.2    Suzuki, H.3    Mahfoudi, A.4    Krey, G.5    Wahli, W.6    Grimaldi, P.7    Staels, B.8    Yamamoto, T.9    Auwerx, J.10
  • 306
    • 0029791412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARα and PPARγ activators direct a distinct tissue-specific transcriptional response via PPRE in thelipoprotein lipase gene
    • Schoonjans K, Peinado-Onsurbe J, Lefebvre AM, Heyman RA, Briggs M, Deeb S, Staels B, Auwerx J 1996 PPARα and PPARγ activators direct a distinct tissue-specific transcriptional response via PPRE in thelipoprotein lipase gene. EMBO J 15:5336-5348
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 5336-5348
    • Schoonjans, K.1    Peinado-Onsurbe, J.2    Lefebvre, A.M.3    Heyman, R.A.4    Briggs, M.5    Deeb, S.6    Staels, B.7    Auwerx, J.8
  • 307
    • 0030658022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinate regulation of the expression of the fatty acid transport protein and acyl-CoA synthetase genes by PPARα and PPARγ activators
    • Martin G, Schoonjans K, Lefebvre AM, Staels B, Auwerx J 1997 Coordinate regulation of the expression of the fatty acid transport protein and acyl-CoA synthetase genes by PPARα and PPARγ activators. J Biol Chem 272:25210-25217
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 25210-25217
    • Martin, G.1    Schoonjans, K.2    Lefebvre, A.M.3    Staels, B.4    Auwerx, J.5
  • 308
    • 0030855789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of FAT/CD36 gene expression: Further evidence in support of a role of the protein in fatty acid binding/transport
    • Sfeir Z, Ibrahimi A, Amri E, Grimaldi P, Abumrad N 1997 Regulation of FAT/CD36 gene expression: further evidence in support of a role of the protein in fatty acid binding/transport. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essent Fatty Acids 57:17-21
    • (1997) Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essent Fatty Acids , vol.57 , pp. 17-21
    • Sfeir, Z.1    Ibrahimi, A.2    Amri, E.3    Grimaldi, P.4    Abumrad, N.5
  • 309
    • 0032409985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazolidinediones and insulin resistance: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation stimulates expression of the CAP gene
    • Ribon V, Johnson JH, Camp HS, Saltiel AR 1998 Thiazolidinediones and insulin resistance: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation stimulates expression of the CAP gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:14751-14756
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 14751-14756
    • Ribon, V.1    Johnson, J.H.2    Camp, H.S.3    Saltiel, A.R.4
  • 312
    • 0035430576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of pioglitazone on adipose tissue remodeling within the setting of obesity and insulin resistance
    • de Souza CJ, Eckhardt M, Gagen K, Dong M, Chen W, Laurent D, Burkey BF 2001 Effects of pioglitazone on adipose tissue remodeling within the setting of obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes 50:1863-1871
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 1863-1871
    • De Souza, C.J.1    Eckhardt, M.2    Gagen, K.3    Dong, M.4    Chen, W.5    Laurent, D.6    Burkey, B.F.7
  • 314
    • 0038142248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of thiazolidinediones on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Boden G, Cheung P, Mozzoli M, Fried SK 2003 Effect of thiazolidinediones on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 52:753-759
    • (2003) Metabolism , vol.52 , pp. 753-759
    • Boden, G.1    Cheung, P.2    Mozzoli, M.3    Fried, S.K.4
  • 316
    • 0032934104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a thiazolidinedione compound on body fat and fat distribution of patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Kelley IE, Walsh K, Han TS, Lean MEJ 1999 Effects of a thiazolidinedione compound on body fat and fat distribution of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22:288-293
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 288-293
    • Kelley, I.E.1    Walsh, K.2    Han, T.S.3    Lean, M.E.J.4
  • 319
    • 0024507782 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of adipose tissue in intraabdominal depots of nonobese men and women
    • Rebuffe-Scrive M, Andersson B, Olbe L, Bjomtorp P 1989 Metabolism of adipose tissue in intraabdominal depots of nonobese men and women. Metabolism 38:453-458
    • (1989) Metabolism , vol.38 , pp. 453-458
    • Rebuffe-Scrive, M.1    Andersson, B.2    Olbe, L.3    Bjomtorp, P.4
  • 320
    • 0035048503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of total body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments, and visceral adipose tissue to the metabolic complications of obesity
    • Smith SR, Lovejoy JC, Greenway F, Ryan D, deJone L, de la Bretonne J, Volafova J, Bray GA 2001 Contributions of total body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments, and visceral adipose tissue to the metabolic complications of obesity. Metabolism 50:425-435
    • (2001) Metabolism , vol.50 , pp. 425-435
    • Smith, S.R.1    Lovejoy, J.C.2    Greenway, F.3    Ryan, D.4    DeJone, L.5    De La Bretonne, J.6    Volafova, J.7    Bray, G.A.8
  • 321
    • 0030779768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral fat in relation to health: Is it a major culprit or simply an innocent bystander?
    • Frayn KN, Smara JS, Summers LK 1997 Visceral fat in relation to health: is it a major culprit or simply an innocent bystander? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 21:1191-1192
    • (1997) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.21 , pp. 1191-1192
    • Frayn, K.N.1    Smara, J.S.2    Summers, L.K.3
  • 322
    • 0024253488 scopus 로고
    • Lipolysis in human adipocytes, effects of cell size, age, and of regional differences
    • Engfeldt P, Arner P 1988 Lipolysis in human adipocytes, effects of cell size, age, and of regional differences. Horm Metab Res 19(Suppl):26-29
    • (1988) Horm Metab Res , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 26-29
    • Engfeldt, P.1    Arner, P.2
  • 323
    • 0028960787 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle utilization of free fatty acids in women with visceral obesity
    • Colberg SR, Simoneau JA, Thaete FL, Kelley DE 1995 Skeletal muscle utilization of free fatty acids in women with visceral obesity. J Clin Invest 95:1846-1853
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 1846-1853
    • Colberg, S.R.1    Simoneau, J.A.2    Thaete, F.L.3    Kelley, D.E.4
  • 324
    • 0037883037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone improves downstream insulin-receptor signaling in type 2 diabetic patients
    • Miyazaki Y, He H, Mandarino LJ, DeFronzo RA 2003 Rosiglitazone improves downstream insulin-receptor signaling in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 52:1943-1950
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 1943-1950
    • Miyazaki, Y.1    He, H.2    Mandarino, L.J.3    DeFronzo, R.A.4
  • 326
    • 0031802033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of troglitazone on fibrinolysis and activated coagulation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Fonseca VA, Reynolds T, Hemphill D 1998 Effect of troglitazone on fibrinolysis and activated coagulation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 12:181-186
    • (1998) J Diabetes Complications , vol.12 , pp. 181-186
    • Fonseca, V.A.1    Reynolds, T.2    Hemphill, D.3
  • 327
    • 0036789137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of thiazolidinediones on plasma adiponectin levels in normal, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects
    • Yu JG, Javorschi S, Hevener AI, Norman RA, Sinha M, Olefsky JM 2002 The effect of thiazolidinediones on plasma adiponectin levels in normal, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes 51:2968-2974
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2968-2974
    • Yu, J.G.1    Javorschi, S.2    Hevener, A.I.3    Norman, R.A.4    Sinha, M.5    Olefsky, J.M.6
  • 328
    • 0029911348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of hyperglycemia in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat by treatment with metformin or troglitazone
    • Sreenan S, Sturis J, Pugh W, Burant CF, Polonsky KS 1996 Prevention of hyperglycemia in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat by treatment with metformin or troglitazone. Am J Physiol 271:E742-E747
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271
    • Sreenan, S.1    Sturis, J.2    Pugh, W.3    Burant, C.F.4    Polonsky, K.S.5
  • 329
    • 0034520463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone prevent the onset of hyperglycemia and proteinuria in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat
    • Smith SA, Lister CA, Toseland CD, Buckingham RE 2000 Rosiglitazone prevent the onset of hyperglycemia and proteinuria in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat. Diabetes Obesity Metab 2:363-372
    • (2000) Diabetes Obesity Metab , vol.2 , pp. 363-372
    • Smith, S.A.1    Lister, C.A.2    Toseland, C.D.3    Buckingham, R.E.4
  • 330
  • 331
    • 1442321571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARγ ligand-specificity in the modulation of insulin release from isolated human islets in response to fatty acid incubation
    • Lupi R, Del Guerra S, Marselli L, Bugliani M, Boggi U, Mosca F, Marachetti P, Del Prato S 2002 PPARγ ligand-specificity in the modulation of insulin release from isolated human islets in response to fatty acid incubation. Diabetologia 45(Suppl 2):A161
    • (2002) Diabetologia , vol.45 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Lupi, R.1    Del Guerra, S.2    Marselli, L.3    Bugliani, M.4    Boggi, U.5    Mosca, F.6    Marachetti, P.7    Del Prato, S.8
  • 333
    • 0036724346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preservation of pancreatic β cell function and prevention of type 2 diabetes by pharmacological treatment of insulin resistance in high-risk Hispanic women
    • Buchanan TA, Xiang AH, Peters RK 2002 Preservation of pancreatic β cell function and prevention of type 2 diabetes by pharmacological treatment of insulin resistance in high-risk Hispanic women. Diabetes 51:2796-2803
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2796-2803
    • Buchanan, T.A.1    Xiang, A.H.2    Peters, R.K.3
  • 334
    • 0030762562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with the oral antidiabetic agent troglitazone improves β cell responses to glucose in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
    • Cavaghan MK, Ehrmann DA, Byrne MM, Polonsky KS 1997 Treatment with the oral antidiabetic agent troglitazone improves β cell responses to glucose in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. J Clin Invest 100:530-537
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 530-537
    • Cavaghan, M.K.1    Ehrmann, D.A.2    Byrne, M.M.3    Polonsky, K.S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.