메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 539, Issue 7628, 2016, Pages 197-206

Decoding ALS: From genes to mechanism

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIPEPTIDE; RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; RNA; C9ORF72 PROTEIN, HUMAN; PRION; PROTEIN;

EID: 85012041135     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature20413     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1471)

References (147)
  • 1
    • 84887233527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of ALS: A conspiracy of genes, environment and time
    • Al-Chalabi, A. & Hardiman, O. The epidemiology of ALS: A conspiracy of genes, environment and time. Nature Rev. Neurol. 9, 617-628 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature Rev. Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 617-628
    • Al-Chalabi, A.1    Hardiman, O.2
  • 2
    • 0027401203 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Rosen, D. R. et al. Mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature 362, 59-62 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , pp. 59-62
    • Rosen, D.R.1
  • 3
    • 33746303958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene in a catalan ALS population: Should all sporadic ALS cases also be screened for SOD1?
    • Gamez, J. et al. Mutational analysis of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene in a Catalan ALS population: should all sporadic ALS cases also be screened for SOD1? J. Neurol. Sci. 247, 21-28 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.247 , pp. 21-28
    • Gamez, J.1
  • 4
    • 84857054634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinico-pathological features in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with expansions in C9ORF72
    • Cooper-Knock, J. et al. Clinico-pathological features in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with expansions in C9ORF72. Brain 135, 751-764 (2012).
    • (2012) Brain , vol.135 , pp. 751-764
    • Cooper-Knock, J.1
  • 5
    • 77956155218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxin-2 intermediate-length polyglutamine expansions are associated with increased risk for ALS
    • Elden, A. C. et al. Ataxin-2 intermediate-length polyglutamine expansions are associated with increased risk for ALS. Nature 466, 1069-1075 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature , vol.466 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Elden, A.C.1
  • 6
    • 84868656581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPHA4 is a disease modifier of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in animal models and in humans
    • Van Hoecke, A. et al. EPHA4 is a disease modifier of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in animal models and in humans. Nature Med. 18, 1418-1422 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature Med , vol.18 , pp. 1418-1422
    • Van Hoecke, A.1
  • 7
    • 33749632259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Neumann, M. et al. Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Science 314, 130-133 (2006).
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 130-133
    • Neumann, M.1
  • 8
    • 80054832080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in noncoding region of C9ORF72 causes chromosome 9p-linked FTD and ALS
    • DeJesus-Hernandez, M. et al. Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in noncoding region of C9ORF72 causes chromosome 9p-linked FTD and ALS. Neuron 72, 245-256 (2011).
    • (2011) Neuron , vol.72 , pp. 245-256
    • DeJesus-Hernandez, M.1
  • 9
    • 82355180826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P62 positive, TDP-43 negative, neuronal cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in the cerebellum and hippocampus define the pathology of C9orf72-linked FTLD and MND/ALS
    • Al-Sarraj, S. et al. p62 positive, TDP-43 negative, neuronal cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in the cerebellum and hippocampus define the pathology of C9orf72-linked FTLD and MND/ALS. Acta Neuropathol. 122, 691-702 (2011).
    • (2011) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.122 , pp. 691-702
    • Al-Sarraj, S.1
  • 10
    • 0028284779 scopus 로고
    • Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase mutation
    • Gurney, M. E. et al. Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase mutation. Science 264, 1772-1775 (1994).
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1772-1775
    • Gurney, M.E.1
  • 11
    • 0029053881 scopus 로고
    • An adverse property of a familial ALS-linked SOD1 mutation causes motor neuron disease characterized by vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria
    • Wong, P. C. et al. An adverse property of a familial ALS-linked SOD1 mutation causes motor neuron disease characterized by vacuolar degeneration of mitochondria. Neuron 14, 1105-1116 (1995).
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.14 , pp. 1105-1116
    • Wong, P.C.1
  • 12
    • 0032544674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation and motor neuron toxicity of an ALS-linked SOD1 mutant independent from wild-Type SOD1
    • Bruijn, L. I. et al. Aggregation and motor neuron toxicity of an ALS-linked SOD1 mutant independent from wild-Type SOD1. Science 281, 1851-1854 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1851-1854
    • Bruijn, L.I.1
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0031051485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS-linked SOD1 mutant G85R mediates damage to astrocytes and promotes rapidly progressive disease with SOD1-containing inclusions
    • Bruijn, L. I. et al. ALS-linked SOD1 mutant G85R mediates damage to astrocytes and promotes rapidly progressive disease with SOD1-containing inclusions. Neuron 18, 327-338 (1997).
    • (1997) Neuron , vol.18 , pp. 327-338
    • Bruijn, L.I.1
  • 15
    • 84874914445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing mitochondrial calcium buffering capacity reduces aggregation of misfolded SOD1 and motor neuron cell death without extending survival in mouse models of inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Parone, P. A. et al. Enhancing mitochondrial calcium buffering capacity reduces aggregation of misfolded SOD1 and motor neuron cell death without extending survival in mouse models of inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neurosci. 33, 4657-4671 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 4657-4671
    • Parone, P.A.1
  • 16
    • 44649152645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant SOD1 in cell types other than motor neurons and oligodendrocytes accelerates onset of disease in ALS mice
    • Yamanaka, K. et al. Mutant SOD1 in cell types other than motor neurons and oligodendrocytes accelerates onset of disease in ALS mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 7594-7599 (2008).
    • (2008) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.105 , pp. 7594-7599
    • Yamanaka, K.1
  • 17
    • 20244381261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silencing mutant SOD1 using RNAi protects against neurodegeneration and extends survival in an ALS model
    • Ralph, G. S. et al. Silencing mutant SOD1 using RNAi protects against neurodegeneration and extends survival in an ALS model. Nature Med. 11, 429-433 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature Med , vol.11 , pp. 429-433
    • Ralph, G.S.1
  • 18
    • 39749188753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes as determinants of disease progression in inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Yamanaka, K. et al. Astrocytes as determinants of disease progression in inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Neurosci. 11, 251-253 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 251-253
    • Yamanaka, K.1
  • 19
    • 33744798774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset and progression in inherited ALS determined by motor neurons and microglia
    • Boillee, S. et al. Onset and progression in inherited ALS determined by motor neurons and microglia. Science 312, 1389-1392 (2006).
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1389-1392
    • Boillee, S.1
  • 20
    • 33750478657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-Type microglia extend survival in PU.1 knockout mice with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Beers, D. R. et al. Wild-Type microglia extend survival in PU.1 knockout mice with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 16021- 16026 (2006).
    • (2006) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 16021-16026
    • Beers, D.R.1
  • 21
    • 84895422067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia induce motor neuron death via the classical NF-κB pathway in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Frakes, A. E. et al. Microglia induce motor neuron death via the classical NF-κB pathway in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuron 81, 1009-1023 (2014).
    • (2014) Neuron , vol.81 , pp. 1009-1023
    • Frakes, A.E.1
  • 22
    • 38849182472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOD1 mutations disrupt redox-sensitive rac regulation of NADPH oxidase in a familial ALS model
    • Harraz, M. M. et al. SOD1 mutations disrupt redox-sensitive Rac regulation of NADPH oxidase in a familial ALS model. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 659-670 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.118 , pp. 659-670
    • Harraz, M.M.1
  • 23
    • 84962494933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 is required for proper macrophage and microglial function in mice
    • O'Rourke, J. G. et al. C9orf72 is required for proper macrophage and microglial function in mice. Science 351, 1324-1329 (2016).
    • (2016) Science , vol.351 , pp. 1324-1329
    • O'Rourke, J.G.1
  • 24
    • 84963959793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gain of toxicity from ALS/FTD-linked repeat expansions in C9ORF72 is alleviated by antisense oligonucleotides targeting GGGGCCcontaining RNAs
    • Jiang, J. et al. Gain of toxicity from ALS/FTD-linked repeat expansions in C9ORF72 is alleviated by antisense oligonucleotides targeting GGGGCCcontaining RNAs. Neuron 90, 535-550 (2016).
    • (2016) Neuron , vol.90 , pp. 535-550
    • Jiang, J.1
  • 25
    • 84978287610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss-of-function mutations in the C9ORF72 mouse ortholog cause fatal autoimmune disease
    • Burberry, A. et al. Loss-of-function mutations in the C9ORF72 mouse ortholog cause fatal autoimmune disease. Sci. Transl. Med. 8, 347-93 (2016).
    • (2016) Sci. Transl. Med , vol.8 , pp. 347-393
    • Burberry, A.1
  • 26
    • 84876900163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degeneration and impaired regeneration of gray matter oligodendrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kang, S. H. et al. Degeneration and impaired regeneration of gray matter oligodendrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Neurosci. 16, 571-579 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 571-579
    • Kang, S.H.1
  • 27
    • 84864200035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration
    • Lee, Y. et al. Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration. Nature 487, 443-448 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature , vol.487 , pp. 443-448
    • Lee, Y.1
  • 28
    • 78650550891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte loss of mutant SOD1 delays ALS disease onset and progression in G85R transgenic mice
    • Wang, L., Gutmann, D. H. & Roos, R. P. Astrocyte loss of mutant SOD1 delays ALS disease onset and progression in G85R transgenic mice. Hum. Mol. Genet. 20, 286-293 (2011).
    • (2011) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.20 , pp. 286-293
    • Wang, L.1    Gutmann, D.H.2    Roos, R.P.3
  • 29
    • 0037022339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal loss of the glutamate transporter EAAT2 in a transgenic rat model of SOD1 mutant-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
    • Howland, D. S. et al. Focal loss of the glutamate transporter EAAT2 in a transgenic rat model of SOD1 mutant-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1604-1609 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 1604-1609
    • Howland, D.S.1
  • 30
    • 0029030610 scopus 로고
    • Selective loss of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Rothstein, J. D., Van Kammen, M., Levey, A. I., Martin, L. J. & Kuncl, R. W. Selective loss of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 38, 73-84 (1995).
    • (1995) Ann. Neurol , vol.38 , pp. 73-84
    • Rothstein, J.D.1    Van Kammen, M.2    Levey, A.I.3    Martin, L.J.4    Kuncl, R.W.5
  • 31
    • 35548983991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes regulate GluR2 expression in motor neurons and their vulnerability to excitotoxicity
    • Van Damme, P. et al. Astrocytes regulate GluR2 expression in motor neurons and their vulnerability to excitotoxicity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 14825-14830 (2007).
    • (2007) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 14825-14830
    • Van Damme, P.1
  • 32
    • 34247473080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cell autonomous effect of glia on motor neurons in an embryonic stem cell-based ALS model
    • Di Giorgio, F. P., Carrasco, M. A., Siao, M. C., Maniatis, T. & Eggan, K. Non-cell autonomous effect of glia on motor neurons in an embryonic stem cell-based ALS model. Nature Neurosci. 10, 608-614 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 608-614
    • Di Giorgio, F.P.1    Carrasco, M.A.2    Siao, M.C.3    Maniatis, T.4    Eggan, K.5
  • 33
    • 56549115885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cell-Autonomous effect of human SOD1G37R astrocytes on motor neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells
    • Marchetto, M. C. et al. Non-cell-Autonomous effect of human SOD1G37R astrocytes on motor neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 3, 649-657 (2008).
    • (2008) Cell Stem Cell , vol.3 , pp. 649-657
    • Marchetto, M.C.1
  • 34
    • 34247475338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes expressing ALS-linked mutated SOD1 release factors selectively toxic to motor neurons
    • Nagai, M. et al. Astrocytes expressing ALS-linked mutated SOD1 release factors selectively toxic to motor neurons. Nature Neurosci. 10, 615-622 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 615-622
    • Nagai, M.1
  • 35
    • 80052783545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes from familial and sporadic ALS patients are toxic to motor neurons
    • Haidet-Phillips, A. M. et al. Astrocytes from familial and sporadic ALS patients are toxic to motor neurons. Nature Biotechnol. 29, 824-828 (2011).
    • (2011) Nature Biotechnol , vol.29 , pp. 824-828
    • Haidet-Phillips, A.M.1
  • 36
    • 84895508213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Necroptosis drives motor neuron death in models of both sporadic and familial ALS
    • Re, D. B. et al. Necroptosis drives motor neuron death in models of both sporadic and familial ALS. Neuron 81, 1001-1008 (2014).
    • (2014) Neuron , vol.81 , pp. 1001-1008
    • Re, D.B.1
  • 37
    • 54949126674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal transplantation-based astrocyte replacement is neuroprotective in a model of motor neuron disease
    • Lepore, A. C. et al. Focal transplantation-based astrocyte replacement is neuroprotective in a model of motor neuron disease. Nature Neurosci. 11, 1294-1301 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1294-1301
    • Lepore, A.C.1
  • 38
    • 44849124411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS-linked mutant SOD1 induces ER stress-And ASK1- dependent motor neuron death by targeting Derlin-1
    • Nishitoh, H. et al. ALS-linked mutant SOD1 induces ER stress-And ASK1- dependent motor neuron death by targeting Derlin-1. Genes Dev. 22, 1451- 1464 (2008).
    • (2008) Genes Dev , vol.22 , pp. 1451-1464
    • Nishitoh, H.1
  • 39
    • 67349164383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for motoneuron subtype-selective ER stress in disease manifestations of FALS mice
    • Saxena, S., Cabuy, E. & Caroni, P. A role for motoneuron subtype-selective ER stress in disease manifestations of FALS mice. Nature Neurosci. 12, 627-636 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 627-636
    • Saxena, S.1    Cabuy, E.2    Caroni, P.3
  • 40
    • 80052580969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in UBQLN2 cause dominant X-linked juvenile and adult-onset ALS and ALS/dementia
    • Deng, H. X. et al. Mutations in UBQLN2 cause dominant X-linked juvenile and adult-onset ALS and ALS/dementia. Nature 477, 211-215 (2011).
    • (2011) Nature , vol.477 , pp. 211-215
    • Deng, H.X.1
  • 41
    • 80855150639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SQSTM1 mutations in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Fecto, F. et al. SQSTM1 mutations in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Arch. Neurol. 68, 1440-1446 (2011).
    • (2011) Arch. Neurol , vol.68 , pp. 1440-1446
    • Fecto, F.1
  • 42
    • 77952419246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations of optineurin in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Maruyama, H. et al. Mutations of optineurin in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature 465, 223-226 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature , vol.465 , pp. 223-226
    • Maruyama, H.1
  • 43
    • 79960804104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restricts salmonella growth
    • Wild, P. et al. Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restricts Salmonella growth. Science 333, 228-233 (2011).
    • (2011) Science , vol.333 , pp. 228-233
    • Wild, P.1
  • 44
    • 78649941297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exome sequencing reveals VCP mutations as a cause of familial ALS
    • Johnson, J. O. et al. Exome sequencing reveals VCP mutations as a cause of familial ALS. Neuron 68, 857-864 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.68 , pp. 857-864
    • Johnson, J.O.1
  • 45
    • 33749006845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS phenotypes with mutations in CHMP2B (charged multivesicular body protein 2B)
    • Parkinson, N. et al. ALS phenotypes with mutations in CHMP2B (charged multivesicular body protein 2B). Neurology 67, 1074-1077 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 1074-1077
    • Parkinson, N.1
  • 46
    • 78650048929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the properties of a novel mutation in VAPB in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Chen, H. J. et al. Characterization of the properties of a novel mutation in VAPB in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 40266-40281 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Biol. Chem , vol.285 , pp. 40266-40281
    • Chen, H.J.1
  • 47
    • 3042515545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal dysfunction of the proteasome: A pathogenic factor in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kabashi, E., Agar, J. N., Taylor, D. M., Minotti, S. & Durham, H. D. Focal dysfunction of the proteasome: A pathogenic factor in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neurochem. 89, 1325-1335 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Neurochem , vol.89 , pp. 1325-1335
    • Kabashi, E.1    Agar, J.N.2    Taylor, D.M.3    Minotti, S.4    Durham, H.D.5
  • 48
    • 0036892683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteasomal inhibition by misfolded mutant superoxide dismutase 1 induces selective motor neuron death in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Urushitani, M., Kurisu, J., Tsukita, K. & Takahashi, R. Proteasomal inhibition by misfolded mutant superoxide dismutase 1 induces selective motor neuron death in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neurochem. 83, 1030-1042 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurochem. , vol.83 , pp. 1030-1042
    • Urushitani, M.1    Kurisu, J.2    Tsukita, K.3    Takahashi, R.4
  • 49
    • 0033366384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slowing of axonal transport is a very early event in the toxicity of ALS-linked SOD1 mutants to motor neurons
    • Williamson, T. L. & Cleveland, D. W. Slowing of axonal transport is a very early event in the toxicity of ALS-linked SOD1 mutants to motor neurons. Nature Neurosci. 2, 50-56 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 50-56
    • Williamson, T.L.1    Cleveland, D.W.2
  • 50
    • 37549068958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proprioceptive sensory neuropathy in mice with a mutation in the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 1 gene
    • Chen, X. J. et al. Proprioceptive sensory neuropathy in mice with a mutation in the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain 1 gene. J. Neurosci. 27, 14515-14524, (2007).
    • (2007) J. Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 14515-14524
    • Chen, X.J.1
  • 51
    • 68549121208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A switch in retrograde signaling from survival to stress in rapidonset neurodegeneration
    • Perlson, E. et al. A switch in retrograde signaling from survival to stress in rapidonset neurodegeneration. J. Neurosci. 29, 9903-9917 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 9903-9917
    • Perlson, E.1
  • 52
    • 0037382240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant dynactin in motor neuron disease
    • Puls, I. et al. Mutant dynactin in motor neuron disease. Nature Genet. 33, 455-456 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature Genet , vol.33 , pp. 455-456
    • Puls, I.1
  • 53
    • 0026345013 scopus 로고
    • Dynactin, a conserved, ubiquitously expressed component of an activator of vesicle motility mediated by cytoplasmic dynein
    • Gill, S. R. et al. Dynactin, a conserved, ubiquitously expressed component of an activator of vesicle motility mediated by cytoplasmic dynein. J. Cell Biol. 115, 1639-1650 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Cell Biol , vol.115 , pp. 1639-1650
    • Gill, S.R.1
  • 54
    • 33749077101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic protein synthesis, synaptic plasticity, and memory
    • Sutton, M. A. & Schuman, E. M. Dendritic protein synthesis, synaptic plasticity, and memory. Cell 127, 49-58 (2006).
    • (2006) Cell , vol.127 , pp. 49-58
    • Sutton, M.A.1    Schuman, E.M.2
  • 55
    • 84893508018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal transport of TDP-43 mRNA granules is impaired by ALS-causing mutations
    • Alami, N. H. et al. Axonal transport of TDP-43 mRNA granules is impaired by ALS-causing mutations. Neuron 81, 536-543 (2014).
    • (2014) Neuron , vol.81 , pp. 536-543
    • Alami, N.H.1
  • 56
    • 84883688262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-propagation of pathogenic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases
    • Jucker, M. & Walker, L. C. Self-propagation of pathogenic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Nature 501, 45-51 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature , vol.501 , pp. 45-51
    • Jucker, M.1    Walker, L.C.2
  • 57
    • 80053652133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermolecular transmission of superoxide dismutase 1 misfolding in living cells
    • Grad, L. I. et al. Intermolecular transmission of superoxide dismutase 1 misfolding in living cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 16398-16403 (2011).
    • (2011) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.108 , pp. 16398-16403
    • Grad, L.I.1
  • 58
    • 79952743365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prion-like propagation of mutant superoxide dismutase-1 misfolding in neuronal cells
    • Münch, C., O'Brien, J. & Bertolotti, A. Prion-like propagation of mutant superoxide dismutase-1 misfolding in neuronal cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 3548-3553 (2011).
    • (2011) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.108 , pp. 3548-3553
    • Münch, C.1    O'Brien, J.2    Bertolotti, A.3
  • 59
    • 33646466296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype is associated with intermolecular linked insoluble aggregates of SOD1 in mitochondria
    • Deng, H. X. et al. Conversion to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype is associated with intermolecular linked insoluble aggregates of SOD1 in mitochondria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 7142-7147 (2006).
    • (2006) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 7142-7147
    • Deng, H.X.1
  • 60
    • 84952985148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prionlike propagation of mutant SOD1 misfolding and motor neuron disease spread along neuroanatomical pathways
    • Ayers, J. I., Fromholt, S. E., O'Neal, V. M., Diamond, J. H. & Borchelt, D. R. Prionlike propagation of mutant SOD1 misfolding and motor neuron disease spread along neuroanatomical pathways. Acta Neuropathol. 131, 103-114 (2016).
    • (2016) Acta Neuropathol , vol.131 , pp. 103-114
    • Ayers, J.I.1    Fromholt, S.E.2    O'Neal, V.M.3    Diamond, J.H.4    Borchelt, D.R.5
  • 61
    • 70349581626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS motor phenotype heterogeneity, focality, and spread: Deconstructing motor neuron degeneration
    • Ravits, J. M. & La Spada, A. R. ALS motor phenotype heterogeneity, focality, and spread: deconstructing motor neuron degeneration. Neurology 73, 805-811 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.73 , pp. 805-811
    • Ravits, J.M.1    La Spada, A.R.2
  • 62
    • 29444443348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromogranin-mediated secretion of mutant superoxide dismutase proteins linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Urushitani, M. et al. Chromogranin-mediated secretion of mutant superoxide dismutase proteins linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Neurosci. 9, 108-118 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 108-118
    • Urushitani, M.1
  • 63
    • 84976515858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unconventional secretion of misfolded proteins promotes adaptation to proteasome dysfunction in mammalian cells
    • Lee, J. G., Takahama, S., Zhang, G., Tomarev, S. I. & Ye, Y. Unconventional secretion of misfolded proteins promotes adaptation to proteasome dysfunction in mammalian cells. Nature Cell Biol. 18, 765-776 (2016).
    • (2016) Nature Cell Biol , vol.18 , pp. 765-776
    • Lee, J.G.1    Takahama, S.2    Zhang, G.3    Tomarev, S.I.4    Ye, Y.5
  • 64
    • 67650264666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sarcoplasmic redistribution of nuclear TDP-43 in inclusion body myositis
    • Salajegheh, M. et al. Sarcoplasmic redistribution of nuclear TDP-43 in inclusion body myositis. Muscle Nerve 40, 19-31 (2009).
    • (2009) Muscle Nerve , vol.40 , pp. 19-31
    • Salajegheh, M.1
  • 65
    • 73549109864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 burden in familial Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome
    • Lippa, C. F. et al. Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 burden in familial Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome. Arch. Neurol. 66, 1483-1488 (2009).
    • (2009) Arch. Neurol , vol.66 , pp. 1483-1488
    • Lippa, C.F.1
  • 66
    • 77953812159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TDP43-positive intraneuronal inclusions in a patient with motor neuron disease and Parkinson's disease
    • Chanson, J. B. et al. TDP43-positive intraneuronal inclusions in a patient with motor neuron disease and Parkinson's disease. Neurodegener. Dis. 7, 260-264 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurodegener. Dis , vol.7 , pp. 260-264
    • Chanson, J.B.1
  • 67
    • 41149180753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TDP-43 mutations in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Sreedharan, J. et al. TDP-43 mutations in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Science 319, 1668-1672 (2008).
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 1668-1672
    • Sreedharan, J.1
  • 68
    • 61349162349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in FUS, an RNA processing protein, cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6
    • Vance, C. et al. Mutations in FUS, an RNA processing protein, cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6. Science 323, 1208-1211 (2009).
    • (2009) Science , vol.323 , pp. 1208-1211
    • Vance, C.1
  • 69
    • 61349156118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the FUS/TLS gene on chromosome 16 cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kwiatkowski, T. J. Jr et al. Mutations in the FUS/TLS gene on chromosome 16 cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Science 323, 1205-1208 (2009).
    • (2009) Science , vol.323 , pp. 1205-1208
    • Kwiatkowski, T.J.1
  • 70
    • 84875605133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in prion-like domains in hnRNPA2B1 and hnRNPA1 cause multisystem proteinopathy and ALS
    • Kim, H. J. et al. Mutations in prion-like domains in hnRNPA2B1 and hnRNPA1 cause multisystem proteinopathy and ALS. Nature 495, 467-473 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature , vol.495 , pp. 467-473
    • Kim, H.J.1
  • 71
    • 84992316943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-exome sequencing identifies a missense mutation in hnRNPA1 in a family with flail arm ALS
    • Liu, Q. et al. Whole-exome sequencing identifies a missense mutation in hnRNPA1 in a family with flail arm ALS. Neurology http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003256 (2016).
    • (2016) Neurology
    • Liu, Q.1
  • 72
    • 79953180492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing the RNA targets and position-dependent splicing regulation by TDP-43
    • Tollervey, J. R. et al. Characterizing the RNA targets and position-dependent splicing regulation by TDP-43. Nature Neurosci. 14, 452-458 (2011).
    • (2011) Nature Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 452-458
    • Tollervey, J.R.1
  • 73
    • 79953185674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long pre-mRNA depletion and RNA missplicing contribute to neuronal vulnerability from loss of TDP-43
    • Polymenidou, M. et al. Long pre-mRNA depletion and RNA missplicing contribute to neuronal vulnerability from loss of TDP-43. Nature Neurosci. 14, 459-468 (2011).
    • (2011) Nature Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 459-468
    • Polymenidou, M.1
  • 74
    • 84868152371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent roles of ALS-linked proteins FUS/TLS and TDP-43 intersect in processing long pre-mRNAs
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C. et al. Divergent roles of ALS-linked proteins FUS/TLS and TDP-43 intersect in processing long pre-mRNAs. Nature Neurosci. 15, 1488-1497 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 1488-1497
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C.1
  • 75
    • 84861161751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative genome-wide analysis reveals cooperative regulation of alternative splicing by hnRNP proteins
    • Huelga, S. C. et al. Integrative genome-wide analysis reveals cooperative regulation of alternative splicing by hnRNP proteins. Cell Rep. 1, 167-178 (2012).
    • (2012) Cell Rep , vol.1 , pp. 167-178
    • Huelga, S.C.1
  • 76
    • 84899644069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the matrin 3 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Johnson, J. O. et al. Mutations in the Matrin 3 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Neurosci. 17, 664-666 (2014).
    • (2014) Nature Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 664-666
    • Johnson, J.O.1
  • 77
    • 80054837386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-linked ALS-FTD
    • Renton, A. E. et al. A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-linked ALS-FTD. Neuron 72, 257-268 (2011).
    • (2011) Neuron , vol.72 , pp. 257-268
    • Renton, A.E.1
  • 79
    • 84944907005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase separation by low complexity domains promotes stress granule assembly and drives pathological fibrillization
    • Molliex, A. et al. Phase separation by low complexity domains promotes stress granule assembly and drives pathological fibrillization. Cell 163, 123-133 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell , vol.163 , pp. 123-133
    • Molliex, A.1
  • 80
    • 84940403835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A liquid-To-solid phase transition of the ALS protein FUS accelerated by disease mutation
    • Patel, A. et al. A liquid-To-solid phase transition of the ALS protein FUS accelerated by disease mutation. Cell 162, 1066-1077 (2015).
    • (2015) Cell , vol.162 , pp. 1066-1077
    • Patel, A.1
  • 81
    • 84944884978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation and maturation of phase-separated liquid droplets by RNA-binding proteins
    • Lin, Y., Protter, D. S., Rosen, M. K. & Parker, R. Formation and maturation of phase-separated liquid droplets by RNA-binding proteins. Mol. Cell 60, 208-219 (2015).
    • (2015) Mol. Cell , vol.60 , pp. 208-219
    • Lin, Y.1    Protter, D.S.2    Rosen, M.K.3    Parker, R.4
  • 82
    • 77953890823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TDP-43 and FUS/TLS: Emerging roles in RNA processing and neurodegeneration
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C., Polymenidou, M. & Cleveland, D. W. TDP-43 and FUS/TLS: Emerging roles in RNA processing and neurodegeneration. Hum. Mol. Genet. 19, R46-R64 (2010).
    • (2010) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.19 , pp. R46-R64
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C.1    Polymenidou, M.2    Cleveland, D.W.3
  • 83
    • 84963604203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of FUS mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Shang, Y. & Huang, E. J. Mechanisms of FUS mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Res. 1647, 65-78 (2016).
    • (2016) Brain Res. , vol.1647 , pp. 65-78
    • Shang, Y.1    Huang, E.J.2
  • 84
    • 84960129723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALS/FTD mutation-induced phase transition of FUS liquid droplets and reversible hydrogels into irreversible hydrogels impairs, RNP granule function
    • Murakami, T. et al. ALS/FTD mutation-induced phase transition of FUS liquid droplets and reversible hydrogels into irreversible hydrogels impairs RNP granule function. Neuron 88, 678-690 (2015).
    • (2015) Neuron , vol.88 , pp. 678-690
    • Murakami, T.1
  • 85
    • 84959328895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directly converted patient-specific induced neurons mirror the neuropathology of FUS with disrupted nuclear localization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Lim, S. M. et al. Directly converted patient-specific induced neurons mirror the neuropathology of FUS with disrupted nuclear localization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mol. Neurodegener. 11, 8 (2016).
    • (2016) Mol. Neurodegener , vol.11 , Issue.8
    • Lim, S.M.1
  • 86
    • 84882801549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered ribostasis: RNA-protein granules in degenerative disorders
    • Ramaswami, M., Taylor, J. P. & Parker, R. Altered ribostasis: RNA-protein granules in degenerative disorders. Cell 154, 727-736 (2013).
    • (2013) Cell , vol.154 , pp. 727-736
    • Ramaswami, M.1    Taylor, J.P.2    Parker, R.3
  • 87
    • 69549114542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular links between TDP-43 dysfunction and neurodegeneration
    • Buratti, E. & Baralle, F. E. The molecular links between TDP-43 dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Adv. Genet. 66, 1-34 (2009).
    • (2009) Adv. Genet , vol.66 , pp. 1-34
    • Buratti, E.1    Baralle, F.E.2
  • 88
    • 84939170225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TDP-43 repression of nonconserved cryptic exons is compromised in ALS-FTD
    • Ling, J. P., Pletnikova, O., Troncoso, J. C. & Wong, P. C. TDP-43 repression of nonconserved cryptic exons is compromised in ALS-FTD. Science 349, 650-655 (2015).
    • (2015) Science , vol.349 , pp. 650-655
    • Ling, J.P.1    Pletnikova, O.2    Troncoso, J.C.3    Wong, P.C.4
  • 89
    • 84885444052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of microRNA-9 in iPSC-derived neurons of FTD/ALS patients with TDP-43 mutations
    • Zhang, Z. et al. Downregulation of microRNA-9 in iPSC-derived neurons of FTD/ALS patients with TDP-43 mutations. PLoS ONE 8, e76055 (2013).
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8 , pp. e76055
    • Zhang, Z.1
  • 90
    • 84899715456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of muscle microRNAs in repairing the neuromuscular junction
    • Valdez, G., Heyer, M. P., Feng, G. & Sanes, J. R. The role of muscle microRNAs in repairing the neuromuscular junction. PLoS ONE 9, e93140 (2014).
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9 , pp. e93140
    • Valdez, G.1    Heyer, M.P.2    Feng, G.3    Sanes, J.R.4
  • 91
    • 72149131804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MicroRNA-206 delays ALS progression and promotes regeneration of neuromuscular synapses in mice
    • Williams, A. H. et al. MicroRNA-206 delays ALS progression and promotes regeneration of neuromuscular synapses in mice. Science 326, 1549-1554 (2009).
    • (2009) Science , vol.326 , pp. 1549-1554
    • Williams, A.H.1
  • 92
    • 84946489622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulated miRNA biogenesis downstream of cellular stress and ALS-causing mutations: A new mechanism for ALS
    • Emde, A. et al. Dysregulated miRNA biogenesis downstream of cellular stress and ALS-causing mutations: A new mechanism for ALS. EMBO J. 34, 2633-2651 (2015).
    • (2015) EMBO J. , vol.34 , pp. 2633-2651
    • Emde, A.1
  • 93
    • 84939935120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MicroRNAs as potential circulating biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Cloutier, F., Marrero, A., O'Connell, C. & Morin, P. Jr. MicroRNAs as potential circulating biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Mol. Neurosci. 56, 102-112 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Mol. Neurosci , vol.56 , pp. 102-112
    • Cloutier, F.1    Marrero, A.2    O'Connell, C.3    Morin, P.4
  • 94
    • 33645062075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A locus on chromosome 9p confers susceptibility to ALS and frontotemporal dementia
    • Morita, M. et al. A locus on chromosome 9p confers susceptibility to ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Neurology 66, 839-844 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , pp. 839-844
    • Morita, M.1
  • 95
    • 33645069660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with frontotemporal dementia is linked to a locus on chromosome 9p13.2-21.3
    • Vance, C. et al. Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with frontotemporal dementia is linked to a locus on chromosome 9p13.2-21.3. Brain 129, 868-876 (2006).
    • (2006) Brain , vol.129 , pp. 868-876
    • Vance, C.1
  • 96
    • 77956877621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome 9p21 in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the UK and seven other countries: A genome-wide association study
    • Shatunov, A. et al. Chromosome 9p21 in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the UK and seven other countries: A genome-wide association study. Lancet Neurol. 9, 986-994 (2010).
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 986-994
    • Shatunov, A.1
  • 97
    • 77956876046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosome 9p21 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Finland: A genome-wide association study
    • Laaksovirta, H. et al. Chromosome 9p21 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Finland: A genome-wide association study. Lancet Neurol. 9, 978-985 (2010).
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 978-985
    • Laaksovirta, H.1
  • 98
    • 77649136250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions
    • Van Deerlin, V. M. et al. Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions. Nature Genet. 42, 234-239 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature Genet , vol.42 , pp. 234-239
    • Van Deerlin, V.M.1
  • 99
    • 70349592269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide association study identifies 19p13.3 (UNC13A) and 9p21.2 as susceptibility loci for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Van Es, M. A. et al. Genome-wide association study identifies 19p13.3 (UNC13A) and 9p21.2 as susceptibility loci for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Genet. 41, 1083-1087 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Genet , vol.41 , pp. 1083-1087
    • Van Es, M.A.1
  • 100
    • 85056706559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced C9orf72 protein levels in frontal cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration brain with the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion
    • Waite, A. J. et al. Reduced C9orf72 protein levels in frontal cortex of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration brain with the C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion. Neurobiol. Aging 35, 1779.e5-e13 (2014).
    • (2014) Neurobiol, Aging , vol.35 , Issue.1779 , pp. e5-e13
    • Waite, A.J.1
  • 101
    • 84980410069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C9orf72 protein interacts with Rab1a and the ULK1 complex to regulate initiation of autophagy
    • Webster, C. P. et al. The C9orf72 protein interacts with Rab1a and the ULK1 complex to regulate initiation of autophagy. EMBO J. 35, 1656-1676 (2016).
    • (2016) EMBO J. , vol.35 , pp. 1656-1676
    • Webster, C.P.1
  • 102
    • 84963940232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ ataxin-2 to induce motor neuron dysfunction and cell death
    • Sellier, C. et al. Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ Ataxin-2 to induce motor neuron dysfunction and cell death. EMBO J. 35, 1276-1297 (2016).
    • (2016) EMBO J , vol.35 , pp. 1276-1297
    • Sellier, C.1
  • 103
    • 84888098632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted degradation of sense and antisense C9orf72 RNA foci as therapy for ALS and frontotemporal degeneration
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C. et al. Targeted degradation of sense and antisense C9orf72 RNA foci as therapy for ALS and frontotemporal degeneration. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, E4530-E4539 (2013).
    • (2013) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.110 , pp. E4530-E4539
    • Lagier-Tourenne, C.1
  • 104
    • 84939653485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 ablation in mice does not cause motor neuron degeneration or motor deficits
    • Koppers, M. et al. C9orf72 ablation in mice does not cause motor neuron degeneration or motor deficits. Ann. Neurol. 78, 426-438 (2015).
    • (2015) Ann. Neurol , vol.78 , pp. 426-438
    • Koppers, M.1
  • 105
    • 84961128480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 ablation causes immune dysregulation characterized by leukocyte expansion, autoantibody production, and glomerulonephropathy in mice
    • Atanasio, A. et al. C9orf72 ablation causes immune dysregulation characterized by leukocyte expansion, autoantibody production, and glomerulonephropathy in mice. Sci. Rep. 6, 23204 (2016).
    • Sci. Rep. , vol.6
    • Atanasio, A.1
  • 106
    • 84930637080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9ORF72 repeat expansions in mice cause TDP-43 pathology, neuronal loss, and behavioral deficits
    • Chew, J. et al. C9ORF72 repeat expansions in mice cause TDP-43 pathology, neuronal loss, and behavioral deficits. Science 348, 1151-1154 (2015).
    • (2015) Science , vol.348 , pp. 1151-1154
    • Chew, J.1
  • 107
    • 84892590289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense transcripts of the expanded C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat form nuclear RNA foci and undergo repeat-Associated non-ATG translation in c9FTD/ALS
    • Gendron, T. F. et al. Antisense transcripts of the expanded C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat form nuclear RNA foci and undergo repeat-Associated non-ATG translation in c9FTD/ALS. Acta Neuropathol. 126, 829-844 (2013).
    • (2013) Acta Neuropathol , vol.126 , pp. 829-844
    • Gendron, T.F.1
  • 108
    • 84892585689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional transcripts of the expanded C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat are translated into aggregating dipeptide repeat proteins
    • Mori, K. et al. Bidirectional transcripts of the expanded C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat are translated into aggregating dipeptide repeat proteins. Acta Neuropathol. 126, 881-893 (2013).
    • (2013) Acta Neuropathol , vol.126 , pp. 881-893
    • Mori, K.1
  • 109
    • 84890837640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAN proteins and RNA foci from antisense transcripts in C9ORF72 ALS and frontotemporal dementia
    • Zu, T. et al. RAN proteins and RNA foci from antisense transcripts in C9ORF72 ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, E4968-E4977 (2013).
    • (2013) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.110 , pp. E4968-E4977
    • Zu, T.1
  • 110
    • 77949775195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeat expansion disease: Progress and puzzles in disease pathogenesis
    • La Spada, A. R. & Taylor, J. P. Repeat expansion disease: progress and puzzles in disease pathogenesis. Nature Rev. Genet. 11, 247-258 (2010).
    • (2010) Nature Rev. Genet. , vol.11 , pp. 247-258
    • La Spada, A.R.1    Taylor, J.P.2
  • 111
    • 84896259966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 nucleotide repeat structures initiate molecular cascades of disease
    • Haeusler, A. R. et al. C9orf72 nucleotide repeat structures initiate molecular cascades of disease. Nature 507, 195-200 (2014).
    • (2014) Nature , vol.507 , pp. 195-200
    • Haeusler, A.R.1
  • 112
    • 84890233174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexanucleotide repeats in ALS/FTD form length-dependent RNA foci, sequester RNA binding proteins, and are neurotoxic
    • Lee, Y. B. et al. Hexanucleotide repeats in ALS/FTD form length-dependent RNA foci, sequester RNA binding proteins, and are neurotoxic. Cell Rep. 5, 1178- 1186 (2013).
    • (2013) Cell Rep , vol.5 , pp. 1178-1186
    • Lee, Y.B.1
  • 113
    • 84892611020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipeptide repeat protein pathology in C9ORF72 mutation cases: Clinico-pathological correlations
    • Mackenzie, I. R. et al. Dipeptide repeat protein pathology in C9ORF72 mutation cases: clinico-pathological correlations. Acta Neuropathol. 126, 859-879 (2013).
    • (2013) Acta Neuropathol , vol.126 , pp. 859-879
    • Mackenzie, I.R.1
  • 114
    • 84877342215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded GGGGCC repeat RNA associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia causes neurodegeneration
    • Xu, Z. et al. Expanded GGGGCC repeat RNA associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia causes neurodegeneration. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 7778-7783 (2013).
    • (2013) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.110 , pp. 7778-7783
    • Xu, Z.1
  • 115
    • 84931009277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense RNA foci in the motor neurons of C9ORF72- ALS patients are associated with TDP-43 proteinopathy
    • Cooper-Knock, J. et al. Antisense RNA foci in the motor neurons of C9ORF72- ALS patients are associated with TDP-43 proteinopathy. Acta Neuropathol. 130, 63-75 (2015).
    • (2015) Acta Neuropathol , vol.130 , pp. 63-75
    • Cooper-Knock, J.1
  • 116
    • 84940923271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C9orf72 repeat expansion disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport
    • Zhang, K. et al. The C9orf72 repeat expansion disrupts nucleocytoplasmic transport. Nature 525, 56-61 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.525 , pp. 56-61
    • Zhang, K.1
  • 117
    • 84896296637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegenerative diseases: G-quadruplex poses quadruple threat
    • Taylor, J. P. Neurodegenerative diseases: G-quadruplex poses quadruple threat. Nature 507, 175-177 (2014).
    • (2014) Nature , vol.507 , pp. 175-177
    • Taylor, J.P.1
  • 118
    • 84956943850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GGGGCC microsatellite RNA is neuritically localized, induces branching defects, and perturbs transport granule function
    • Burguete, A. S. et al. GGGGCC microsatellite RNA is neuritically localized, induces branching defects, and perturbs transport granule function. eLife 4, e08881 (2015).
    • (2015) ELife , vol.4 , pp. e08881
    • Burguete, A.S.1
  • 119
    • 84959377820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TDP-43 binds and transports G-quadruplex-containing mRNAs into neurites for local translation
    • Ishiguro, A., Kimura, N., Watanabe, Y., Watanabe, S. & Ishihama, A. TDP-43 binds and transports G-quadruplex-containing mRNAs into neurites for local translation. Genes Cells 21, 466-481 (2016).
    • (2016) Genes Cells , vol.21 , pp. 466-481
    • Ishiguro, A.1    Kimura, N.2    Watanabe, Y.3    Watanabe, S.4    Ishihama, A.5
  • 120
    • 78651105614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-ATG-initiated translation directed by microsatellite expansions
    • Zu, T. et al. Non-ATG-initiated translation directed by microsatellite expansions. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 260-265 (2011).
    • (2011) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci., USA , vol.108 , pp. 260-265
    • Zu, T.1
  • 121
    • 84874272095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unconventional translation of C9ORF72 GGGGCC expansion generates insoluble polypeptides specific to c9FTD/ALS
    • Ash, P. E. et al. Unconventional translation of C9ORF72 GGGGCC expansion generates insoluble polypeptides specific to c9FTD/ALS. Neuron 77, 639-646 (2013).
    • (2013) Neuron , vol.77 , pp. 639-646
    • Ash, P.E.1
  • 122
    • 84874962380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C9orf72 GGGGCC repeat is translated into aggregating dipeptide-repeat proteins in FTLD/ALS
    • Mori, K. et al. The C9orf72 GGGGCC repeat is translated into aggregating dipeptide-repeat proteins in FTLD/ALS. Science 339, 1335-1338 (2013).
    • (2013) Science , vol.339 , pp. 1335-1338
    • Mori, K.1
  • 123
    • 84947616999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis and clinico-pathological correlations of different dipeptide repeat protein pathologies in C9ORF72 mutation carriers
    • Mackenzie, I. R. et al. Quantitative analysis and clinico-pathological correlations of different dipeptide repeat protein pathologies in C9ORF72 mutation carriers. Acta Neuropathol. 130, 845-861 (2015).
    • (2015) Acta Neuropathol , vol.130 , pp. 845-861
    • Mackenzie, I.R.1
  • 124
    • 84931463593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of dipeptide repeat proteins in cellular models and C9orf72 mutation cases suggests link to transcriptional silencing
    • Schludi, M. H. et al. Distribution of dipeptide repeat proteins in cellular models and C9orf72 mutation cases suggests link to transcriptional silencing. Acta Neuropathol. 130, 537-555 (2015).
    • (2015) Acta Neuropathol , vol.130 , pp. 537-555
    • Schludi, M.H.1
  • 125
    • 84907221451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly-dipeptides encoded by the C9orf72 repeats bind nucleoli, impede RNA biogenesis, and kill cells
    • Kwon, I. et al. Poly-dipeptides encoded by the C9orf72 repeats bind nucleoli, impede RNA biogenesis, and kill cells. Science 345, 1139-1145 (2014).
    • (2014) Science , vol.345 , pp. 1139-1145
    • Kwon, I.1
  • 126
    • 84907188956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 repeat expansions cause neurodegeneration in drosophila through arginine-rich proteins
    • Mizielinska, S. et al. C9orf72 repeat expansions cause neurodegeneration in Drosophila through arginine-rich proteins. Science 345, 1192-1194 (2014).
    • (2014) Science , vol.345 , pp. 1192-1194
    • Mizielinska, S.1
  • 127
    • 84926357619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense proline-Arginine RAN dipeptides linked to C9ORF72-ALS/FTD form toxic nuclear aggregates that initiate in vitro and in vivo neuronal death
    • Wen, X. et al. Antisense proline-Arginine RAN dipeptides linked to C9ORF72-ALS/FTD form toxic nuclear aggregates that initiate in vitro and in vivo neuronal death. Neuron 84, 1213-1225 (2014).
    • (2014) Neuron , vol.84 , pp. 1213-1225
    • Wen, X.1
  • 128
    • 84940925534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9orf72 compromises nucleocytoplasmic transport
    • Freibaum, B. D. et al. GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9orf72 compromises nucleocytoplasmic transport. Nature 525, 129-133 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature , vol.525 , pp. 129-133
    • Freibaum, B.D.1
  • 129
    • 84992371797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 dipeptide repeats impair the assembly, dynamics and function of membrane-less organelles
    • Lee, K.-H. et al. C9orf72 dipeptide repeats impair the assembly, dynamics and function of membrane-less organelles. Cell 167, 774-788 (2016).
    • (2016) Cell , vol.167 , pp. 774-788
    • Lee, K.-H.1
  • 130
    • 84992491195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic PR poly-dipeptides encoded by the C9orf72 repeat expansion target LC domain polymers
    • Lin, Y. et al. Toxic PR poly-dipeptides encoded by the C9orf72 repeat expansion target LC domain polymers. Cell 167, 789-802 (2016).
    • (2016) Cell , vol.167 , pp. 789-802
    • Lin, Y.1
  • 131
    • 84936157423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the dipeptide repeat protein in the molecular pathogenesis of c9FTD/ALS
    • Yamakawa, M. et al. Characterization of the dipeptide repeat protein in the molecular pathogenesis of c9FTD/ALS. Hum. Mol. Genet. 24, 1630-1645 (2015).
    • (2015) Hum. Mol. Genet , vol.24 , pp. 1630-1645
    • Yamakawa, M.1
  • 132
    • 84919912448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation-prone c9FTD/ALS poly(GA) RAN-Translated proteins cause neurotoxicity by inducing ER stress
    • Zhang, Y. J. et al. Aggregation-prone c9FTD/ALS poly(GA) RAN-Translated proteins cause neurotoxicity by inducing ER stress. Acta Neuropathol. 128, 505-524 (2014).
    • (2014) Acta Neuropathol. , vol.128 , pp. 505-524
    • Zhang, Y.J.1
  • 133
    • 84961391578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9ORF72 poly(GA) aggregates sequester and impair HR23 and nucleocytoplasmic transport proteins
    • Zhang, Y. J. et al. C9ORF72 poly(GA) aggregates sequester and impair HR23 and nucleocytoplasmic transport proteins. Nature Neurosci. 19, 668-677 (2016).
    • (2016) Nature Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 668-677
    • Zhang, Y.J.1
  • 134
    • 84940426318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modifiers of C9orf72 dipeptide repeat toxicity connect nucleocytoplasmic transport defects to FTD/ALS
    • Jovičić, A. et al. Modifiers of C9orf72 dipeptide repeat toxicity connect nucleocytoplasmic transport defects to FTD/ALS. Nature Neurosci. 18, 1226- 1229 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 1226-1229
    • Jovičić, A.1
  • 135
    • 84885808774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA toxicity from the ALS/FTD C9ORF72 expansion is mitigated by antisense intervention
    • Donnelly, C. J. et al. RNA toxicity from the ALS/FTD C9ORF72 expansion is mitigated by antisense intervention. Neuron 80, 415-428 (2013).
    • (2013) Neuron , vol.80 , pp. 415-428
    • Donnelly, C.J.1
  • 136
    • 84886389563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting RNA foci in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS patients with a C9ORF72 repeat expansion
    • Sareen, D. et al. Targeting RNA foci in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS patients with a C9ORF72 repeat expansion. Sci. Transl. Med. 5, 208-149 (2013).
    • (2013) Sci. Transl. Med , vol.5 , pp. 149-208
    • Sareen, D.1
  • 137
    • 84949422392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 BAC transgenic mice display typical pathologic features of ALS/FTD
    • O'Rourke, J. G. et al. C9orf72 BAC transgenic mice display typical pathologic features of ALS/FTD. Neuron 88, 892-901 (2015).
    • (2015) Neuron , vol.88 , pp. 892-901
    • O'Rourke, J.G.1
  • 138
    • 84949445156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human C9ORF72 hexanucleotide expansion reproduces RNA foci and dipeptide repeat proteins but not neurodegeneration in BAC transgenic mice
    • Peters, O. M. et al. Human C9ORF72 hexanucleotide expansion reproduces RNA foci and dipeptide repeat proteins but not neurodegeneration in BAC transgenic mice. Neuron 88, 902-909 (2015).
    • (2015) Neuron , vol.88 , pp. 902-909
    • Peters, O.M.1
  • 139
    • 84963958172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C9orf72 BAC mouse model with motor deficits and neurodegenerative features of ALS/FTD
    • Liu, Y. et al. C9orf72 BAC mouse model with motor deficits and neurodegenerative features of ALS/FTD. Neuron 90, 521-534 (2016).
    • (2016) Neuron , vol.90 , pp. 521-534
    • Liu, Y.1
  • 140
    • 84942856420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous retroviruses in ALS: A reawakening?
    • Brown, R. H. Jr. & Al-Chalabi, A. Endogenous retroviruses in ALS: A reawakening? Sci. Transl. Med. 7, 307-40 (2015).
    • (2015) Sci. Transl. Med , vol.7 , pp. 307-340
    • Brown, R.H.1    Al-Chalabi, A.2
  • 141
    • 33645422711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ANG mutations segregate with familial and 'sporadic' amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Greenway, M. J. et al. ANG mutations segregate with familial and 'sporadic' amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Genet. 38, 411-413 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Genet , vol.38 , pp. 411-413
    • Greenway, M.J.1
  • 142
    • 42649120983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TARDBP mutations in individuals with sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Kabashi, E. et al. TARDBP mutations in individuals with sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Genet. 40, 572-574 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature Genet , vol.40 , pp. 572-574
    • Kabashi, E.1
  • 143
    • 84876533723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in SQSTM1 encoding p62 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Genetics and neuropathology
    • Teyssou, E. et al. Mutations in SQSTM1 encoding p62 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: genetics and neuropathology. Acta Neuropathol. 125, 511-522 (2013).
    • (2013) Acta Neuropathol , vol.125 , pp. 511-522
    • Teyssou, E.1
  • 144
    • 84865235172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the profilin 1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Wu, C. H. et al. Mutations in the profilin 1 gene cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature 488, 499-503 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature , vol.488 , pp. 499-503
    • Wu, C.H.1
  • 145
    • 84908224269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exome-wide rare variant analysis identifies TUBA4A mutations associated with familial, ALS
    • Smith, B. N. et al. Exome-wide rare variant analysis identifies TUBA4A mutations associated with familial ALS. Neuron 84, 324-331 (2014).
    • (2014) Neuron , vol.84 , pp. 324-331
    • Smith, B.N.1
  • 146
    • 84905041572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mitochondrial origin for frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through CHCHD10 involvement
    • Bannwarth, S. et al. A mitochondrial origin for frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through CHCHD10 involvement. Brain 137, 2329-2345 (2014).
    • (2014) Brain , vol.137 , pp. 2329-2345
    • Bannwarth, S.1
  • 147
    • 84928695187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia
    • Freischmidt, A. et al. Haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia. Nature Neurosci. 18, 631-636 (2015).
    • (2015) Nature Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 631-636
    • Freischmidt, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.