메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 1218-1236

Mitochondrial-associated metabolic changes and neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease - from clinical features to the bench

Author keywords

Calcium handling; Excitotoxicity; Huntingtin; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Mitochondrial fission and fusion; Neurodegeneration; Transcription deregulation

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; GLUCOSE; GLUTAMIC ACID; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR;

EID: 77957993152     PISSN: 13894501     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1389450111007011218     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (48)

References (258)
  • 2
    • 0035164243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular biology of Huntington's disease
    • Ho LW, Carmichael J, Swart J, et al. The molecular biology of Huntington's disease. Psychol Med 2001; 31: 3-14.
    • (2001) Psychol Med , vol.31 , pp. 3-14
    • Ho, L.W.1    Carmichael, J.2    Swart, J.3
  • 3
    • 77958012064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease
    • In: Pagon RA, Bird TC, Dolan CR, Stephens K, Eds, Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-1998 Oct 23 [updated 2005 Aug 30]
    • Warby SC, Graham RK, Hayden MR. Huntington's disease. In: Pagon RA, Bird TC, Dolan CR, Stephens K, Eds. GeneReviews [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-1998 Oct 23 [updated 2005 Aug 30].
    • GeneReviews [Internet]
    • Warby, S.C.1    Graham, R.K.2    Hayden, M.R.3
  • 5
    • 44449131447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease: From pathology and genetics to potential therapies
    • Imarisio S, Carmichael J, Korolchuk V, et al. Huntington's disease: from pathology and genetics to potential therapies. Biochem J 2008; 412: 191-209.
    • (2008) Biochem J , vol.412 , pp. 191-209
    • Imarisio, S.1    Carmichael, J.2    Korolchuk, V.3
  • 6
    • 0027480960 scopus 로고
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes
    • The Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group
    • The Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell 1993; 72: 971-83.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 971-983
  • 7
    • 28644433087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal huntingtin function: An alternative approach to Huntington's disease
    • Cattaneo E, Zuccato C, Tartari M. Normal huntingtin function: an alternative approach to Huntington's disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005; 6: 919-30.
    • (2005) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.6 , pp. 919-930
    • Cattaneo, E.1    Zuccato, C.2    Tartari, M.3
  • 8
    • 55949114690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease
    • Gil JM, Rego AC. Mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2008; 28(10): 2156.
    • Eur J Neurosci , vol.28 , Issue.10 , pp. 2008
    • Gil, J.M.1    Rego, A.C.2
  • 9
    • 15444363304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NR2A and NR2B receptor gene variations modify age at onset in Huntington disease
    • Arning L, Kraus PH, Valentin S, et al. NR2A and NR2B receptor gene variations modify age at onset in Huntington disease. Neurogenetics 2005; 6: 25-8.
    • (2005) Neurogenetics , vol.6 , pp. 25-28
    • Arning, L.1    Kraus, P.H.2    Valentin, S.3
  • 10
    • 12144288251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S.-Venezuela Collaborative Research Project. Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington's disease age of onset
    • Wexler NS, Lorimer J, Porter J, et al. U.S.-Venezuela Collaborative Research Project. Venezuelan kindreds reveal that genetic and environmental factors modulate Huntington's disease age of onset. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 3498-503.
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.101
    • Wexler, N.S.1    Lorimer, J.2    Porter, J.3
  • 11
    • 0032860432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selective vulnerability of [34] Gil JM, Rego AC. The R6 lines of transgenic mice: A model for striatopallidal neurons
    • Mitchell IJ, Cooper AJ, Griffiths MR. The selective vulnerability of [34] Gil JM, Rego AC. The R6 lines of transgenic mice: a model for striatopallidal neurons. Prog Neurobiol 1999; 59: 691-719.
    • (1999) Prog Neurobiol , vol.59 , pp. 691-719
    • Mitchell, I.J.1    Cooper, A.J.2    Griffiths, M.R.3
  • 12
    • 70449931956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group. Motor abnormalities in premanifest persons with Huntington's disease: The PREDICT- HD study
    • Biglan KM, Ross CA, Langbehn DR, et al. PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group. Motor abnormalities in premanifest persons with Huntington's disease: the PREDICT- HD study. Mov Disord 2009; 24: 1763-72.
    • (2009) Mov Disord , vol.24 , pp. 1763-1772
    • Biglan, K.M.1    Ross, C.A.2    Langbehn, D.R.3
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0037066115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional and progressive thinning of the cortical ribbon in Huntington's disease
    • Rosas HD, Liu AK, Hersch S, et al. Regional and progressive thinning of the cortical ribbon in Huntington's disease. Neurology 2002; 58: 695-701.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. 695-701
    • Rosas, H.D.1    Liu, A.K.2    Hersch, S.3
  • 15
    • 24644479046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional cortical thinning in preclinical Huntington disease and its relationship to cognition
    • Rosas HD, Hevelone ND, Zaleta AK, et al. Regional cortical thinning in preclinical Huntington disease and its relationship to cognition. Neurology 2005; 65: 745-7.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 745-747
    • Rosas, H.D.1    Hevelone, N.D.2    Zaleta, A.K.3
  • 17
    • 0026077859 scopus 로고
    • The hypothalamic lateral tuberal nucleus and the characteristics of neuronal loss in Huntington's disease
    • Kremer HP, Roos RA, Dingjan GM, et al. The hypothalamic lateral tuberal nucleus and the characteristics of neuronal loss in Huntington's disease. Neurosci Lett 1991; 132: 101-04.
    • (1991) Neurosci Lett , vol.132 , pp. 101-104
    • Kremer, H.P.1    Roos, R.A.2    Dingjan, G.M.3
  • 19
    • 51249102726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone in patients with Huntington disease
    • Aziz A, Fronczek R, Maat-Schieman M, et al. Hypocretin and melanin-concentrating hormone in patients with Huntington disease. Brain Pathol 2008; 18: 474-83.
    • (2008) Brain Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 474-483
    • Aziz, A.1    Fronczek, R.2    Maat-Schieman, M.3
  • 20
    • 10744221516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topography of cerebral atrophy in early Huntington's disease: A voxel based morphometric MRI study
    • Kassubek J, Juengling FD, Kioschies T, et al. Topography of cerebral atrophy in early Huntington's disease: a voxel based morphometric MRI study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004; 75: 213-20.
    • (2004) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.75 , pp. 213-220
    • Kassubek, J.1    Juengling, F.D.2    Kioschies, T.3
  • 21
    • 33748302789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of grey matter atrophy in Huntington's disease patients: A combined ROI-based and voxel-based morphometric study
    • Douaud G, Gaura V, Ribeiro MJ, et al. Distribution of grey matter atrophy in Huntington's disease patients: a combined ROI-based and voxel-based morphometric study. Neuroimage 2006; 32: 1562-75.
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.32 , pp. 1562-1575
    • Douaud, G.1    Gaura, V.2    Ribeiro, M.J.3
  • 22
    • 57449107357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voxel-based morphometry in the R6/2 transgenic mouse reveals differences between genotypes not seen with manual 2D morphometry
    • Sawiak SJ, Wood NI, Williams GB, Morton AJ, Carpenter TA. Voxel-based morphometry in the R6/2 transgenic mouse reveals differences between genotypes not seen with manual 2D morphometry. Neurobiol Dis 2009; 33: 20-7.
    • (2009) Neurobiol Dis , vol.33 , pp. 20-27
    • Sawiak, S.J.1    Wood, N.I.2    Williams, G.B.3    Morton, A.J.4    Carpenter, T.A.5
  • 23
    • 0030752709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain
    • DiFiglia M, Sapp E, Chase KO, et al. Aggregation of huntingtin in neuronal intranuclear inclusions and dystrophic neurites in brain. Science 1997; 277: 1990-3.
    • (1997) Science , vol.277
    • Difiglia, M.1    Sapp, E.2    Chase, K.O.3
  • 24
    • 0032590053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington aggregates may not predict neuronal death in Huntington's disease
    • Kuemmerle S, Gutekunst CA, Klein AM, et al. Huntington aggregates may not predict neuronal death in Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1999; 46: 842-9.
    • (1999) Ann Neurol , vol.46 , pp. 842-849
    • Kuemmerle, S.1    Gutekunst, C.A.2    Klein, A.M.3
  • 25
    • 0031918640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranuclear neuronal inclusions in Huntington's disease and dentatorubral and pallidoluysian atrophy: Correlation between the density of inclusions and IT15 CAG triplet repeat length
    • Becher MW, Kotzuk JA, Sharp AH, et al. Intranuclear neuronal inclusions in Huntington's disease and dentatorubral and pallidoluysian atrophy: correlation between the density of inclusions and IT15 CAG triplet repeat length. Neurobiol Dis 1998; 4: 387-97.
    • (1998) Neurobiol Dis , vol.4 , pp. 387-397
    • Becher, M.W.1    Kotzuk, J.A.2    Sharp, A.H.3
  • 26
    • 0025363346 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxic injury of the neostriatum: A model for Huntington's disease
    • DiFiglia M. Excitotoxic injury of the neostriatum: a model for Huntington's disease. Trends Neurosci 1990; 13: 286-9.
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 286-289
    • Difiglia, M.1
  • 27
    • 4344693235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial signaling pathways: A receiver/integrator organelle
    • Goldenthal MJ, Marin-Garcia J. Mitochondrial signaling pathways: a receiver/integrator organelle. Mol Cell Biochem 2004; 262: 1-16.
    • (2004) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.262 , pp. 1-16
    • Goldenthal, M.J.1    Marin-Garcia, J.2
  • 28
    • 33645011201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear control of respiratory gene expression in mammalian cells
    • Scarpulla RC. Nuclear control of respiratory gene expression in mammalian cells. J Cell Biochem 2006; 97: 673-83.
    • (2006) J Cell Biochem , vol.97 , pp. 673-683
    • Scarpulla, R.C.1
  • 29
    • 0026793837 scopus 로고
    • The cortical lesion of Huntington's disease: Further neurochemical characterization, and reproduction of some of the histological and neurochemical features by N-methyl-D-aspartate lesions of rat cortex
    • Storey E, Kowall NW, Finn SF, Mazurek MF, Beal MF. The cortical lesion of Huntington's disease: further neurochemical characterization, and reproduction of some of the histological and neurochemical features by N-methyl-D-aspartate lesions of rat cortex. Ann Neurol 1992; 32: 526-4.
    • (1992) Ann Neurol , vol.32 , pp. 526-524
    • Storey, E.1    Kowall, N.W.2    Finn, S.F.3    Mazurek, M.F.4    Beal, M.F.5
  • 30
    • 0030708576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of NMDA receptor subunit (NR1, NR2B) and glutamate transporter (GLT1) mRNA expression in Huntington's disease-an in situ hybridization study
    • Arzberger T, Krampfl K, Leimgruber S, Weindl A. Changes of NMDA receptor subunit (NR1, NR2B) and glutamate transporter (GLT1) mRNA expression in Huntington's disease-an in situ hybridization study. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1997; 56: 440-54.
    • (1997) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.56 , pp. 440-454
    • Arzberger, T.1    Krampfl, K.2    Leimgruber, S.3    Weindl, A.4
  • 31
    • 0035164743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired glutamate uptake in the R6 Huntington's disease transgenic mice
    • Lievens JC, Woodman B, Mahal A, et al. Impaired glutamate uptake in the R6 Huntington's disease transgenic mice. Neurobiol Dis 2001; 8: 807-21.
    • (2001) Neurobiol Dis , vol.8 , pp. 807-821
    • Lievens, J.C.1    Woodman, B.2    Mahal, A.3
  • 32
    • 29144460321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of mutant huntingtin in glial cells contributes to neuronal excitotoxicity
    • Shin JY, Fang ZH, Yu ZX, et al. Expression of mutant huntingtin in glial cells contributes to neuronal excitotoxicity. J Cell Biol 2005; 171: 1001-12.
    • (2005) J Cell Biol , vol.171 , pp. 1001-1012
    • Shin, J.Y.1    Fang, Z.H.2    Yu, Z.X.3
  • 33
    • 16044373842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat is sufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice
    • screening new therapies for Huntington's disease. Brain Res Rev 2009; 59(2): 410-31
    • Mangiarini L, Sathasivam K, Seller M, et al. Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat is sufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice. Cell 1996; 87: 493-506. screening new therapies for Huntington's disease. Brain Res Rev 2009; 59(2): 410-31.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 493-506
    • Mangiarini, L.1    Sathasivam, K.2    Seller, M.3
  • 34
    • 0022446150 scopus 로고
    • Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid
    • Beal MF, Kowall NW, Ellison DW, et al. Replication of the neurochemical characteristics of Huntington's disease by quinolinic acid. Nature 1986; 321(6066): 168-71.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.321 , Issue.6066 , pp. 168-171
    • Beal, M.F.1    Kowall, N.W.2    Ellison, D.W.3
  • 35
    • 0026043565 scopus 로고
    • Chronic quinolinic acid lesions in rats closely resemble Huntington's disease
    • Beal MF, Ferrante RJ, Swartz KJ, Kowall NW. Chronic quinolinic acid lesions in rats closely resemble Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 1991; 11: 1649-59.
    • (1991) J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1649-1659
    • Beal, M.F.1    Ferrante, R.J.2    Swartz, K.J.3    Kowall, N.W.4
  • 36
    • 0027396021 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxin lesions in primates as a model for Huntington's disease: Histopathologic and neurochemical characterization
    • Ferrante RJ, Kowall NW, Cipolloni PB, Storey E, Beal MF. Excitotoxin lesions in primates as a model for Huntington's disease: histopathologic and neurochemical characterization. Exp Neurol 1993; 119(1): 46-71.
    • (1993) Exp Neurol , vol.119 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-71
    • Ferrante, R.J.1    Kowall, N.W.2    Cipolloni, P.B.3    Storey, E.4    Beal, M.F.5
  • 37
    • 0028882282 scopus 로고
    • Ruthenium red protects against glutamate-induced neuronal death in cerebellar culture
    • Dessi F, Ben-Ari Y, Charriaut-Marlangue C. Ruthenium red protects against glutamate-induced neuronal death in cerebellar culture. Neurosci Lett 1995; 201(1): 53-6.
    • (1995) Neurosci Lett , vol.201 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-56
    • Dessi, F.1    Ben-Ari, Y.2    Charriaut-Marlangue, C.3
  • 38
    • 10744227174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective striatal neuronal loss in a YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease
    • Slow EJ, van Raamsdonk J, Rogers D, et al. Selective striatal neuronal loss in a YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease. Hum Mol Genet 2003; 12: 1555-67.
    • (2003) Hum Mol Genet , vol.12 , pp. 1555-1567
    • Slow, E.J.1    van Raamsdonk, J.2    Rogers, D.3
  • 39
    • 0034163497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long glutamine tracts cause nuclear localization of a novel form of huntingtin in medium spiny striatal neurons in HdhQ92 and HdhQ111 knock-in mice
    • Wheeler VC, White JK, Gutenkunst CA, et al. Long glutamine tracts cause nuclear localization of a novel form of huntingtin in medium spiny striatal neurons in HdhQ92 and HdhQ111 knock-in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9: 503-13.
    • (2000) Hum Mol Genet , vol.9 , pp. 503-513
    • Wheeler, V.C.1    White, J.K.2    Gutenkunst, C.A.3
  • 40
    • 0036327065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early mitochondrial calcium defects in Huntington's disease are a direct effect of polyglutamines
    • Panov AV, Gutekunst CA, Leavitt BR, et al. Early mitochondrial calcium defects in Huntington's disease are a direct effect of polyglutamines. Nat Neurosci 2002; 5: 731-6.
    • (2002) Nat Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 731-736
    • Panov, A.V.1    Gutekunst, C.A.2    Leavitt, B.R.3
  • 41
    • 33751106144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial-dependent Ca2+ handling in Huntington's disease striatal cells: Effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors
    • Oliveira JM, Chen S, Almeida S, et al. Mitochondrial-dependent Ca2+ handling in Huntington's disease striatal cells: effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors. J Neurosci 2006; 26: 11174-86.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 11174-11186
    • Oliveira, J.M.1    Chen, S.2    Almeida, S.3
  • 42
    • 33644847375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microdomains of intracellular Ca2+: Molecular determinants and functional consequences
    • Rizzuto R, Pozzan T. Microdomains of intracellular Ca2+: molecular determinants and functional consequences. Physiol Rev 2006; 86: 369-408.
    • (2006) Physiol Rev , vol.86 , pp. 369-408
    • Rizzuto, R.1    Pozzan, T.2
  • 43
    • 0023690166 scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptor losses in putamen from patients with Huntington's disease
    • Young AB, Greenamyre JT, Hollingsworth Z, et al. NMDA receptor losses in putamen from patients with Huntington's disease. Science 1988; 241: 981-3.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 981-983
    • Young, A.B.1    Greenamyre, J.T.2    Hollingsworth, Z.3
  • 44
    • 0025322132 scopus 로고
    • Abnormalities of striatal projection neurons and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in presymptomatic Huntington's disease
    • Albin RL, Young AB, Penney JB, et al. Abnormalities of striatal projection neurons and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in presymptomatic Huntington's disease. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1293-8.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.322
    • Albin, R.L.1    Young, A.B.2    Penney, J.B.3
  • 45
    • 10744223572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex alteration of NMDA receptors in transgenic Huntington's disease mouse brain: Analysis of mRNA and protein expression, plasma membrane association, interacting proteins, and phosphorylation
    • Luthi-Carter R, Apostol BL, Dunah AW, et al. Complex alteration of NMDA receptors in transgenic Huntington's disease mouse brain: analysis of mRNA and protein expression, plasma membrane association, interacting proteins, and phosphorylation. Neurobiol Dis 2003; 14: 624-36.
    • (2003) Neurobiol Dis , vol.14 , pp. 624-636
    • Luthi-Carter, R.1    Apostol, B.L.2    Dunah, A.W.3
  • 46
    • 0032568517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered brain neurotransmitter receptors in transgenic mice expressing a portion of an abnormal human Huntington disease gene
    • Cha JHJ, Kosinski CM, Kerner JA, et al. Altered brain neurotransmitter receptors in transgenic mice expressing a portion of an abnormal human Huntington disease gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 6480-5.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95
    • Cha, J.H.J.1    Kosinski, C.M.2    Kerner, J.A.3
  • 47
    • 0034702030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased expression of striatal signaling genes in a mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Luthi-Carter R, Strand A, Peters NL, et al. Decreased expression of striatal signaling genes in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9: 1259-71.
    • (2000) Hum Mol Genet , vol.9 , pp. 1259-1271
    • Luthi-Carter, R.1    Strand, A.2    Peters, N.L.3
  • 48
    • 33646518995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in expression of N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor subunits occur early in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Ali NJ, Levine MS. Changes in expression of N-methyl-D- aspartate receptor subunits occur early in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease. Dev Neurosci 2006; 28: 230-8.
    • (2006) Dev Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 230-238
    • Ali, N.J.1    Levine, M.S.2
  • 49
    • 0344413576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of NR2B-type NMDA receptors in selective neurodegeneration in Huntington disease
    • Li L, Fan M, Icton CD, et al. Role of NR2B-type NMDA receptors in selective neurodegeneration in Huntington disease. Neurobiol Aging 2003; 24: 1113-21.
    • (2003) Neurobiol Aging , vol.24 , pp. 1113-1121
    • Li, L.1    Fan, M.2    Icton, C.D.3
  • 50
    • 1542346231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of proteins affecting NMDA receptor-induced excitotoxicity in a huntington's mouse model
    • Jarabek BR, Yasuda RP, Wolfe BB. Regulation of proteins affecting NMDA receptor-induced excitotoxicity in a huntington's mouse model. Brain 2004; 127: 505-16.
    • (2004) Brain , vol.127 , pp. 505-516
    • Jarabek, B.R.1    Yasuda, R.P.2    Wolfe, B.B.3
  • 51
    • 0033054555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranuclear inclusions and neuritic aggregates in transgenic mice expressing a mutant N- terminal fragment of huntingtin
    • Schilling G, Becher MW, Sharp AH, et al. Intranuclear inclusions and neuritic aggregates in transgenic mice expressing a mutant N- terminal fragment of huntingtin. Hum Mol Genet 1999; 8: 397-407.
    • (1999) Hum Mol Genet , vol.8 , pp. 397-407
    • Schilling, G.1    Becher, M.W.2    Sharp, A.H.3
  • 52
    • 0037444445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin causes context-dependent neurodegeneration in mice with Huntington's disease
    • Yu Z-X, Li S-H, Evans J, et al. Mutant huntingtin causes context-dependent neurodegeneration in mice with Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 2193-202.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23
    • Yu, Z.-X.1    Li, S.-H.2    Evans, J.3
  • 53
    • 0035816627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin promotes sensitization of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors via post-synaptic density 95
    • Sun Y, Savanenin A, Reddy PH, Liu YF. Polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin promotes sensitization of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors via post-synaptic density 95. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 24713-8.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 24713-24718
    • Sun, Y.1    Savanenin, A.2    Reddy, P.H.3    Liu, Y.F.4
  • 54
    • 69749091508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of postsynaptic density protein-95 with NMDA receptors influences excitotoxicity in the yeast artificial chromosome mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Fan J, Cowan CM, Zhang LY, Hayden MR, Raymond LA. Interaction of postsynaptic density protein-95 with NMDA receptors influences excitotoxicity in the yeast artificial chromosome mouse model of Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 2009; 29(35): 10928-38.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , Issue.35 , pp. 10928-10938
    • Fan, J.1    Cowan, C.M.2    Zhang, L.Y.3    Hayden, M.R.4    Raymond, L.A.5
  • 55
    • 0035154912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin enhances excitotoxic cell death
    • Zeron MM, Chen N, Moshaver A, et al. Mutant huntingtin enhances excitotoxic cell death. Mol Cell Neurosci 2001; 17: 41-53.
    • (2001) Mol Cell Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 41-53
    • Zeron, M.M.1    Chen, N.2    Moshaver, A.3
  • 56
    • 0037075624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased sensitivity to N- methyl-D aspartate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in a mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Zeron MM, Hansson O, Chen N, et al. Increased sensitivity to N- methyl-D aspartate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neuron 2002; 33: 849-60.
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.33 , pp. 849-860
    • Zeron, M.M.1    Hansson, O.2    Chen, N.3
  • 57
    • 0042357138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of polyglutamine expanded huntingtin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of N-methyl-D aspartate receptors
    • Song C, Zhang Y, Parsons CG, Liu YF. Expression of polyglutamine expanded huntingtin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of N-methyl-D aspartate receptors. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 33364-9.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 33364-33369
    • Song, C.1    Zhang, Y.2    Parsons, C.G.3    Liu, Y.F.4
  • 58
    • 14044264256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbed Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease
    • Tang TS, Slow E, Lupu V, et al. Disturbed Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 2602-7.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102
    • Tang, T.S.1    Slow, E.2    Lupu, V.3
  • 59
    • 0032946267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Citron binds to PSD-95 at glutamatergic synapses on inhibitory neurons in the hippocampus
    • Zhang W, Vazquez L, Apperson M, Kennedy MB. Citron binds to PSD-95 at glutamatergic synapses on inhibitory neurons in the hippocampus. J Neurosci 1999; 19: 96-108.
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 96-108
    • Zhang, W.1    Vazquez, L.2    Apperson, M.3    Kennedy, M.B.4
  • 60
    • 0033587760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transgenic mice expressing a Huntington's disease mutation are resistant to quinolinic acid-induced striatal excitotoxicity
    • Hansson O, Petersén A, Leist M, et al. Transgenic mice expressing a Huntington's disease mutation are resistant to quinolinic acid-induced striatal excitotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96(15): 8727-32.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.96 , Issue.15 , pp. 8727-8732
    • Hansson, O.1    Petersén, A.2    Leist, M.3
  • 61
    • 0034889544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial resistance to malonate-induced striatal cell death in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease is dependent on age and CAG repeat length
    • Hansson O, Castilho RF, Korhonen L, et al. Partial resistance to malonate-induced striatal cell death in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease is dependent on age and CAG repeat length. J Neurochem 2001; 78(4): 694-703.
    • (2001) J Neurochem , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 694-703
    • Hansson, O.1    Castilho, R.F.2    Korhonen, L.3
  • 62
    • 0035783462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to NMDA toxicity correlates with appearance of nuclear inclusions, behavioural deficits and changes in calcium homeostasis in mice transgenic for exon 1 of the huntington gene
    • Hansson O, Guatteo E, Mercuri NB, et al. Resistance to NMDA toxicity correlates with appearance of nuclear inclusions, behavioural deficits and changes in calcium homeostasis in mice transgenic for exon 1 of the huntington gene. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14(9): 1492-504.
    • (2001) Eur J Neurosci , vol.14 , Issue.9
    • Hansson, O.1    Guatteo, E.2    Mercuri, N.B.3
  • 63
    • 60849093185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential susceptibility to excitotoxic stress in YAC128 mouse models of Huntington disease between initiation and progression of disease
    • Graham RK, Pouladi MA, Joshi P, et al. Differential susceptibility to excitotoxic stress in YAC128 mouse models of Huntington disease between initiation and progression of disease. J Neurosci 2009; 29(7): 2193-204.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , Issue.7
    • Graham, R.K.1    Pouladi, M.A.2    Joshi, P.3
  • 64
    • 61449148438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent alterations of corticostriatal activity in the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease
    • Joshi PR, Wu NP, André VM, et al. Age-dependent alterations of corticostriatal activity in the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease. J Neurosci 2009; 29(8): 2414-27.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 2414-2427
    • Joshi, P.R.1    Wu, N.P.2    André, V.M.3
  • 65
    • 0036523110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 and remacemide in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease
    • Ferrante RJ, Andreassen OA, Dedeoglu A, et al. Therapeutic effects of coenzyme Q10 and remacemide in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 1592-9.
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22
    • Ferrante, R.J.1    Andreassen, O.A.2    Dedeoglu, A.3
  • 66
    • 0036652765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole prolongs survival time and alters nuclear inclusion formation in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Schiefer J, Landwehrmeyer GB, Lüesse HG, et al. Riluzole prolongs survival time and alters nuclear inclusion formation in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 2002; 17: 748-57.
    • (2002) Mov Disord , vol.17 , pp. 748-757
    • Schiefer, J.1    Landwehrmeyer, G.B.2    Lüesse, H.G.3
  • 67
    • 0029753270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacology and mechanism of action of riluzole
    • Doble A. The pharmacology and mechanism of action of riluzole. Neurology 1996; 47: S233-41.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47
    • Doble, A.1
  • 68
    • 55349083365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Dimebon in cellularmodel of Huntington's disease
    • Wu J, Li Q, Bezprozvanny I. Evaluation of Dimebon in cellularmodel of Huntington's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2008; 3: 15.
    • (2008) Mol Neurodegener , vol.3 , pp. 15
    • Wu, J.1    Li, Q.2    Bezprozvanny, I.3
  • 69
    • 71549143207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balance between synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activity influences inclusions and neurotoxicity of mutant huntingtin
    • Okamoto S, Pouladi MA, Talantova M, et al. Balance between synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activity influences inclusions and neurotoxicity of mutant huntingtin. Nat Med 2009; 15(12):1407-13.
    • (2009) Nat Med , vol.15 , Issue.12 , pp. 1407-1413
    • Okamoto, S.1    Pouladi, M.A.2    Talantova, M.3
  • 70
    • 74549181538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early increase in extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signaling and expression contributes to phenotype onset in Huntington's disease mice
    • Milnerwood AJ, Gladding CM, Pouladi MA, et al. Early increase in extrasynaptic NMDA receptor signaling and expression contributes to phenotype onset in Huntington's disease mice. Neuron 2010; 65(2): 178-90.
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 178-190
    • Milnerwood, A.J.1    Gladding, C.M.2    Pouladi, M.A.3
  • 71
    • 0028387374 scopus 로고
    • Na - dependent Ca+2 efflux mechanism of heart mitochondria is not a passive Ca+2/ 2Na+ exchanger
    • Baysal K, Jung KK, Gunter KK, Gunter TE, Brierley GP. Na - dependent Ca+2 efflux mechanism of heart mitochondria is not a passive Ca+2/ 2Na+ exchanger. Am J Physiol 1994; 266: C800-5.
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.266
    • Baysal, K.1    Jung, K.K.2    Gunter, K.K.3    Gunter, T.E.4    Brierley, G.P.5
  • 72
    • 0018332596 scopus 로고
    • The Ca+2-induced membrane transition in mitochondria. The protective mechanisms
    • Hunter DR, Haworth RA. The Ca+2-induced membrane transition in mitochondria. The protective mechanisms. Arch Biochem Biophys 1979; 195: 453-9.
    • (1979) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.195 , pp. 453-459
    • Hunter, D.R.1    Haworth, R.A.2
  • 73
    • 33750523442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial calcium signalling and cell death: Approaches for assessing the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in apoptosis
    • Hajnóczky G, Csordás G, Das S, et al. Mitochondrial calcium signalling and cell death: approaches for assessing the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in apoptosis. Cell Calcium 2006; 40: 553-60.
    • (2006) Cell Calcium , vol.40 , pp. 553-560
    • Hajnóczky, G.1    Csordás, G.2    Das, S.3
  • 74
    • 33645109019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective deficits in the expression of striatal-enriched mRNAs in Huntington's disease
    • Desplats PA, Kass KE, Gilmartin T, et al. Selective deficits in the expression of striatal-enriched mRNAs in Huntington's disease. J Neurochem 2006; 3: 743-57.
    • (2006) J Neurochem , vol.3 , pp. 743-757
    • Desplats, P.A.1    Kass, K.E.2    Gilmartin, T.3
  • 75
    • 0033971898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial and neuronal survival
    • Nicholls DG, Budd SL. Mitochondrial and neuronal survival. Physiol Rev 2000; 80: 315-60.
    • (2000) Physiol Rev , vol.80 , pp. 315-360
    • Nicholls, D.G.1    Budd, S.L.2
  • 76
    • 0001899809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling between cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium oscillations: Role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism
    • Robb-Gaspers LD, Rutter GA, Burnett P, et al. Coupling between cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium oscillations: role in the regulation of hepatic metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1366: 17-32.
    • (1998) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1366 , pp. 17-32
    • Robb-Gaspers, L.D.1    Rutter, G.A.2    Burnett, P.3
  • 77
    • 0032190391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cellular and subcellular localization of huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1): Comparison with huntingtin in rat and human
    • Gutekunst CA, Li SH, Yi H, et al. The cellular and subcellular localization of huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1): comparison with huntingtin in rat and human. J Neurosci 1998; 18: 7674-86.
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 7674-7686
    • Gutekunst, C.A.1    Li, S.H.2    Yi, H.3
  • 78
    • 0032851595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased apoptosis of Huntington disease lymphoblasts associated with repeat length-dependent mitochondrial depolarization
    • Sawa A, Wiegand GW, Cooper J, et al. Increased apoptosis of Huntington disease lymphoblasts associated with repeat length-dependent mitochondrial depolarization. Nat Med 1999; 5: 1194-8.
    • (1999) Nat Med , vol.5
    • Sawa, A.1    Wiegand, G.W.2    Cooper, J.3
  • 79
    • 33847317865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and subcellular localization of Huntingtin [corrected] aggregates in the brain of a rat transgenic for Huntington disease
    • Petrasch-Parwez E, Nguyen HP, Löbbecke-Schumacher M, et al. Cellular and subcellular localization of Huntingtin [corrected] aggregates in the brain of a rat transgenic for Huntington disease. J Comp Neurol 2007; 501: 716-30.
    • (2007) J Comp Neurol , vol.501 , pp. 716-730
    • Petrasch-Parwez, E.1    Nguyen, H.P.2    Löbbecke-Schumacher, M.3
  • 80
    • 33846369453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac dysfunction in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Mihm MJ, Amann DM, Schanbacher BL, et al. Cardiac dysfunction in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2007; 25: 297-308.
    • (2007) Neurobiol Dis , vol.25 , pp. 297-308
    • Mihm, M.J.1    Amann, D.M.2    Schanbacher, B.L.3
  • 81
    • 0037328244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro effects of polyglutamine tracts on Ca2+-dependent depolarization of rat and human mitochondria: Relevance to Huntington's disease
    • Panov AV, Burke JR, Strittmatter WJ, Greenamyre JT. In vitro effects of polyglutamine tracts on Ca2+-dependent depolarization of rat and human mitochondria: relevance to Huntington's disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 2003; 410: 1-6.
    • (2003) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.410 , pp. 1-6
    • Panov, A.V.1    Burke, J.R.2    Strittmatter, W.J.3    Greenamyre, J.T.4
  • 82
    • 0032511112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Close contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum as determinants of mitochondrial Ca+2 responses
    • Rizzuto R, Pinton P, Carrington W, et al. Close contacts with the endoplasmic reticulum as determinants of mitochondrial Ca+2 responses. Science 1998; 280: 1763-6.
    • (1998) Science , vol.280
    • Rizzuto, R.1    Pinton, P.2    Carrington, W.3
  • 83
    • 0041963057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin and huntingtin associated protein 1 influence neuronal calcium signaling mediated by inositol-(1,4,5) triphosphate receptor type 1
    • Tang TS, Tu H, Chan EY, et al. Huntingtin and huntingtin associated protein 1 influence neuronal calcium signaling mediated by inositol-(1,4,5) triphosphate receptor type 1. Neuron 2003; 39: 227-39.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.39 , pp. 227-239
    • Tang, T.S.1    Tu, H.2    Chan, E.Y.3
  • 84
    • 59649118434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor C- terminal fragment in a Huntington's disease mouse model
    • Tang TS, Guo C, Wang H, Chen X, Bezprozvanny I. Neuroprotective effects of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor C- terminal fragment in a Huntington's disease mouse model. J Neurosci 2009; 29: 1257-66.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 1257-1266
    • Tang, T.S.1    Guo, C.2    Wang, H.3    Chen, X.4    Bezprozvanny, I.5
  • 85
    • 33845933438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin expression induces mitochondrial calcium handling defects in clonal striatal cells: Functional consequences
    • Milakovic T, Quintanilla RA, Johnson GV. Mutant huntingtin expression induces mitochondrial calcium handling defects in clonal striatal cells: functional consequences. J Biol Chem 2006; 281(46): 34785-95.
    • (2006) J Biol Chem , vol.281 , Issue.46 , pp. 34785-34795
    • Milakovic, T.1    Quintanilla, R.A.2    Johnson, G.V.3
  • 86
    • 31444432457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyglutamine expansion inhibits respiration by increasing reactive oxygen species in isolated mitochondria
    • Puranam KL, Wu G, Strittmatter WJ, Burke JR. Polyglutamine expansion inhibits respiration by increasing reactive oxygen species in isolated mitochondria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 341: 607-13.
    • (2006) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.341 , pp. 607-613
    • Puranam, K.L.1    Wu, G.2    Strittmatter, W.J.3    Burke, J.R.4
  • 87
    • 29244479196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomic analysis of protein expression and oxidative modification in R6/2 transgenic mice: A model of Huntington disease
    • Perluigi M, Poon HF, Maragos W, et al. Proteomic analysis of protein expression and oxidative modification in R6/2 transgenic mice: a model of Huntington disease. Mol Cell Proteom 2005; 4: 1849-61.
    • (2005) Mol Cell Proteom , vol.4 , pp. 1849-1861
    • Perluigi, M.1    Poon, H.F.2    Maragos, W.3
  • 88
    • 0033982887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical damage in the Huntington R6/2 transgenic mouse
    • Tabrizi SJ, Workman J, Hart PE, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction and free radical damage in the Huntington R6/2 transgenic mouse. Ann Neurol 2000; 47: 80-6.
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 80-86
    • Tabrizi, S.J.1    Workman, J.2    Hart, P.E.3
  • 89
    • 0037183717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent changes in nitric oxide synthase activity and protein expression in striata of mice transgenic for the Huntington's disease mutation
    • Pérez-Severiano F, Escalante B, Vergara P, Ríos C, Segovia J. Age-dependent changes in nitric oxide synthase activity and protein expression in striata of mice transgenic for the Huntington's disease mutation. Brain Res 2002; 951: 36-42.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.951 , pp. 36-42
    • Pérez-Severiano, F.1    Escalante, B.2    Vergara, P.3    Ríos, C.4    Segovia, J.5
  • 90
    • 57649187103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria and Huntington's disease pathogenesis: Insight from genetic and chemical models
    • Browne SE. Mitochondria and Huntington's disease pathogenesis: insight from genetic and chemical models. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1147: 358-82.
    • (2008) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1147 , pp. 358-382
    • Browne, S.E.1
  • 91
    • 57049133956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin activates Nrf2-responsive genes and impairs dopamine synthesis in a PC12 model of Huntington's disease
    • van Roon-Mom WM, Pepers BA, 't Hoen PA, et al. Mutant huntingtin activates Nrf2-responsive genes and impairs dopamine synthesis in a PC12 model of Huntington's disease. BMC Mol Biol 2008; 9: 84.
    • (2008) BMC Mol Biol , vol.9 , pp. 84
    • van Roon-Mom, W.M.1    Pepers, B.A.2    't hoen, P.A.3
  • 92
    • 11844253848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection from mitochondrial complex II inhibition in vitro and in vivo by Nrf2- mediated transcription
    • Calkins MJ, Jakel RJ, Johnson DA, et al. Protection from mitochondrial complex II inhibition in vitro and in vivo by Nrf2- mediated transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 244-9.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 244-249
    • Calkins, M.J.1    Jakel, R.J.2    Johnson, D.A.3
  • 93
    • 33745120560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose ranging and efficacy study of high-dose coenzyme Q10 formulations in Huntington's disease mice
    • Smith KM, Matson S, Matson WR, et al. Dose ranging and efficacy study of high-dose coenzyme Q10 formulations in Huntington's disease mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1762: 616-26.
    • (2006) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1762 , pp. 616-626
    • Smith, K.M.1    Matson, S.2    Matson, W.R.3
  • 94
    • 0034743672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine increase survival and delays motor symptoms in a transgenic animal model of Huntington's disease
    • Andreassen OA, Dedeoglu A, Ferrante RJ, et al. Creatine increase survival and delays motor symptoms in a transgenic animal model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2001; 8: 479-91.
    • (2001) Neurobiol Dis , vol.8 , pp. 479-491
    • Andreassen, O.A.1    Dedeoglu, A.2    Ferrante, R.J.3
  • 95
    • 0034660457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Ferrante RJ, Andreassen OA, Jenkins BG, et al. Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. J. Neurosci 2000; 20: 4389-97.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 4389-4397
    • Ferrante, R.J.1    Andreassen, O.A.2    Jenkins, B.G.3
  • 96
    • 0035960544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coenzyme Q10 and remacemide hydrochloride ameliorate motor deficits in a Huntington's disease transgenic mouse model
    • Schilling G, Coonfield ML, Ross CA, Borchelt DR. Coenzyme Q10 and remacemide hydrochloride ameliorate motor deficits in a Huntington's disease transgenic mouse model. Neurosci Lett 2001; 315: 149-53.
    • (2001) Neurosci Lett , vol.315 , pp. 149-153
    • Schilling, G.1    Coonfield, M.L.2    Ross, C.A.3    Borchelt, D.R.4
  • 97
    • 31644439986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy using minocycline and coenzyme Q10 in R6/2 transgenic Huntington's disease mice
    • Stack EC, Smith KM, Ryu H, et al. Combination therapy using minocycline and coenzyme Q10 in R6/2 transgenic Huntington's disease mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1762: 373-80.
    • (2006) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1762 , pp. 373-380
    • Stack, E.C.1    Smith, K.M.2    Ryu, H.3
  • 98
    • 0038115294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine therapy provides neuroprotection after onset of clinical symptoms in Huntington's disease transgenic mice
    • Dedeoglu A, Kubilus JK, Yang L, et al. Creatine therapy provides neuroprotection after onset of clinical symptoms in Huntington's disease transgenic mice. J Neurochem 2003; 85: 1359-67.
    • (2003) J Neurochem , vol.85 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Dedeoglu, A.1    Kubilus, J.K.2    Yang, L.3
  • 99
    • 0031964359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of creatine and cyclocreatine in animal models of Huntington's disease
    • Matthews RT, Yang LJenkins BG, et al. Neuroprotective effects of creatine and cyclocreatine in animal models of Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 1998; 18: 156-63.
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 156-163
    • Matthews, R.T.1    Yang, L.B.G.2
  • 100
    • 0034717594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine reduces 3- nitropropionic-acid-induced cognitive and motor abnormalities in rats
    • Shear DA, Haik KL, Dunbar GL. Creatine reduces 3- nitropropionic-acid-induced cognitive and motor abnormalities in rats. Neuroreport 2000; 11: 1833-7.
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11
    • Shear, D.A.1    Haik, K.L.2    Dunbar, G.L.3
  • 101
    • 0030919567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative damage andmetabolic dysfunction in Huntington's disease: Selective vulnerability of the basal ganglia
    • Browne SE, Bowling AC, Macgarvey U, et al. Oxidative damage andmetabolic dysfunction in Huntington's disease: Selective vulnerability of the basal ganglia. Ann Neurol 1997; 41: 646-53.
    • (1997) Ann Neurol , vol.41 , pp. 646-653
    • Browne, S.E.1    Bowling, A.C.2    Macgarvey, U.3
  • 102
    • 0029040355 scopus 로고
    • In situ evidence for DNA fragmentation in Huntington's disease striatum and Alzheimer's disease temporal lobes
    • Dragunow M, Faull RL, Lawlor P, et al. In situ evidence for DNA fragmentation in Huntington's disease striatum and Alzheimer's disease temporal lobes. Neuroreport 1995; 6: 1053-7.
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.6
    • Dragunow, M.1    Faull, R.L.2    Lawlor, P.3
  • 103
    • 0033520166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in Huntington's disease parietal cortex
    • Polidori MC, Mecocci P, Browne SE, et al. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in Huntington's disease parietal cortex. Neurosci Lett 1999; 272: 53-6.
    • (1999) Neurosci Lett , vol.272 , pp. 53-56
    • Polidori, M.C.1    Mecocci, P.2    Browne, S.E.3
  • 104
    • 0037126988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential fatty acids given from conception prevent topographies of motor deficit in a transgenic model of Huntington's disease
    • Clifford JJ, Drago J, Natoli AL, et al. Essential fatty acids given from conception prevent topographies of motor deficit in a transgenic model of Huntington's disease. Neuroscience 2002; 109: 81-8.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.109 , pp. 81-88
    • Clifford, J.J.1    Drago, J.2    Natoli, A.L.3
  • 105
    • 0037082198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of ascorbate release in the striatum of behaving mice expressing the Huntington's disease gene
    • Rebec GV, Barton SJ, Ennis MD. Dysregulation of ascorbate release in the striatum of behaving mice expressing the Huntington's disease gene. J Neurosci 2002; 22: RC202.
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22
    • Rebec, G.V.1    Barton, S.J.2    Ennis, M.D.3
  • 106
    • 0042243499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbate treatment attenuates the Huntington behavioral phenotype in mice
    • Rebec GV, Barton SJ, Marseilles AM, Collins K. Ascorbate treatment attenuates the Huntington behavioral phenotype in mice. Neuroreport 2003; 14: 1263-5.
    • (2003) Neuroreport , vol.14
    • Rebec, G.V.1    Barton, S.J.2    Marseilles, A.M.3    Collins, K.4
  • 107
    • 1442274934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial calcium, oxidative stress and apoptosis in a neurodegenerative disease model induced by 3-nitropropionic acid
    • Rosenstock TR, Carvalho ACP, Jurkiewicz A, et al. Mitochondrial calcium, oxidative stress and apoptosis in a neurodegenerative disease model induced by 3-nitropropionic acid. J Neurochem 2004; 88: 1220-8.
    • (2004) J Neurochem , vol.88
    • Rosenstock, T.R.1    Carvalho, A.C.P.2    Jurkiewicz, A.3
  • 108
    • 60549106602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral transplantation of neural stem cells combined with trehalose ingestion alleviates pathology in a mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Yang CR, Yu RK. Intracerebral transplantation of neural stem cells combined with trehalose ingestion alleviates pathology in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87: 26-33.
    • (2009) J Neurosci Res , vol.87 , pp. 26-33
    • Yang, C.R.1    Yu, R.K.2
  • 109
    • 9544255791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of idebenone in Huntington's disease
    • Ranen NG, Peyser CE, Coyle JT, et al. A controlled trial of idebenone in Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 1996; 11(5): 549-54.
    • (1996) Mov Disord , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 549-554
    • Ranen, N.G.1    Peyser, C.E.2    Coyle, J.T.3
  • 110
    • 57649171133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of oxidant damage in Huntington's disease: Translational strategies using antioxidants
    • Stack EC, Matson WR, Ferrante RJ. Evidence of oxidant damage in Huntington's disease: translational strategies using antioxidants. Ann NY Acad Sci 2008; 1147: 79-92.
    • (2008) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1147 , pp. 79-92
    • Stack, E.C.1    Matson, W.R.2    Ferrante, R.J.3
  • 111
    • 0034212341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal cell death in Huntington's disease: A potential role for dopamine
    • Jakel RJ, Maragos WF. Neuronal cell death in Huntington's disease: a potential role for dopamine. Trends Neurosci 2000; 23: 239-45.
    • (2000) Trends Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 239-245
    • Jakel, R.J.1    Maragos, W.F.2
  • 112
    • 33845612662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine enhances motor and neuropathological consequences of polyglutamine expanded huntingtin
    • Cyr M, Sotnikova TD, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG. Dopamine enhances motor and neuropathological consequences of polyglutamine expanded huntingtin. FASEB J 2006; 20: 2541-3.
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20
    • Cyr, M.1    Sotnikova, T.D.2    Gainetdinov, R.R.3    Caron, M.G.4
  • 113
    • 0035364748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded CAG repeats in exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene stimulate dopamine-mediated striatal neuron autophagy and degeneration
    • Petersén Å, Larsen KE, Behr GG, et al. Expanded CAG repeats in exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene stimulate dopamine-mediated striatal neuron autophagy and degeneration. Human Molecular Genetics 2001; 10: 1243-54.
    • (2001) Human Molecular Genetics , vol.10 , pp. 1243-1254
    • Petersén Å1    Larsen, K.E.2    Behr, G.G.3
  • 114
    • 43049085555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine determines the vulnerability of striatal neurons to the N-terminal fragment of mutant huntingtin through the regulation of mitochondrial complex II
    • Benchoua A, Trioulier Y, Diguet E, et al. Dopamine determines the vulnerability of striatal neurons to the N-terminal fragment of mutant huntingtin through the regulation of mitochondrial complex II. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17: 1446-56.
    • (2008) Hum Mol Genet , vol.17 , pp. 1446-1456
    • Benchoua, A.1    Trioulier, Y.2    Diguet, E.3
  • 115
    • 24744434920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Page's C, et al. Unraveling a role for dopamine in Huntington's disease: The dual role of reactive oxygen species and D2 receptor stimulation
    • Charvin D, Vanhoutte P, Page's C, et al. Unraveling a role for dopamine in Huntington's disease: the dual role of reactive oxygen species and D2 receptor stimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 12218-23.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 12218-12223
    • Charvin, D.1    Vanhoutte, P.2
  • 116
    • 54049089271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic and glutamatergic signaling crosstalk in Huntington's disease neurodegeneration: The role of p25/cyclin-dependent kinase 5
    • Paoletti P, Vila I, Rifé M, et al. Dopaminergic and glutamatergic signaling crosstalk in Huntington's disease neurodegeneration: the role of p25/cyclin-dependent kinase 5. J Neurosci 2008; 28: 10090-101.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 10090-10101
    • Paoletti, P.1    Vila, I.2    Rifé, M.3
  • 117
    • 34547411294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic signaling and striatal neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease
    • Tang TS, Chen X, Liu J, Bezprozvanny I. Dopaminergic signaling and striatal neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 2007; 27: 7899-910.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27
    • Tang, T.S.1    Chen, X.2    Liu, J.3    Bezprozvanny, I.4
  • 118
    • 0035783947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice transgenic for exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene display reduced striatal sensitivity to neurotoxicity induced by dopamine and 6- hydroxydopamine
    • Petersén A, Hansson O, Puschban Z, et al. Mice transgenic for exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene display reduced striatal sensitivity to neurotoxicity induced by dopamine and 6- hydroxydopamine. Eur J Neurosci 2001; 14: 1425-35.
    • (2001) Eur J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 1425-1435
    • Petersén, A.1    Hansson, O.2    Puschban, Z.3
  • 119
    • 0033995265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual responses of CNS mitochondria to elevated calcium
    • Brustovetsky N, Dubinsky JM. Dual responses of CNS mitochondria to elevated calcium. J Neurosci 2000; 20: 103-13.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 103-113
    • Brustovetsky, N.1    Dubinsky, J.M.2
  • 120
    • 0033565557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial permeability transition pore and its role in cell death
    • Crompton M. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore and its role in cell death. Biochem J 1999; 341: 233-49.
    • (1999) Biochem J , vol.341 , pp. 233-249
    • Crompton, M.1
  • 121
    • 0032530326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium-induced activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition in hippocampal neurons
    • Dubinsky JM, Levi Y. Calcium-induced activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition in hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci Res 1998; 53: 728-41.
    • (1998) J Neurosci Res , vol.53 , pp. 728-741
    • Dubinsky, J.M.1    Levi, Y.2
  • 122
    • 3543141113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin directly increases susceptibility of mitochondria to the calcium-induced permeability transition and cytochrome c release
    • Choo YS, Johnson GV, MacDonald M, Detloff PJ, Lesort M. Mutant huntingtin directly increases susceptibility of mitochondria to the calcium-induced permeability transition and cytochrome c release. Hum Mol Genet 2004; 13: 1407-20.
    • (2004) Hum Mol Genet , vol.13 , pp. 1407-1420
    • Choo, Y.S.1    Johnson, G.V.2    Macdonald, M.3    Detloff, P.J.4    Lesort, M.5
  • 123
    • 41949126549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction in striatal neurons of Huntington disease
    • Lim D, Fedrizzi L, Tartari M, et al. Calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction in striatal neurons of Huntington disease. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 5780-9.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem , vol.283
    • Lim, D.1    Fedrizzi, L.2    Tartari, M.3
  • 124
    • 20744433946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent changes in the calcium sensitivity of striatal mitochondria in mouse models of Huntington's Disease
    • Brustovetsky N, LaFrance R, Purl KJ, et al. Age-dependent changes in the calcium sensitivity of striatal mitochondria in mouse models of Huntington's Disease. J Neurochem 2005; 93: 1361-1370.
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.93
    • Brustovetsky, N.1    Lafrance, R.2    Purl, K.J.3
  • 125
    • 33947200596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington's disease: The bioenergetics of isolated and in situ mitochondria from transgenic mice
    • Oliveira JM, Jekabsons MB, Chen S, et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington's disease: the bioenergetics of isolated and in situ mitochondria from transgenic mice. J Neurochem 2007; 101: 241-9.
    • (2007) J Neurochem , vol.101 , pp. 241-249
    • Oliveira, J.M.1    Jekabsons, M.B.2    Chen, S.3
  • 126
    • 0033103523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspase-8 is required for cell death induced by expanded polyglutamine repeats
    • Sanchez I, Xu CJ, Juo P, et al. Caspase-8 is required for cell death induced by expanded polyglutamine repeats. Neuron 1999; 22: 623-33.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.22 , pp. 623-633
    • Sanchez, I.1    Xu, C.J.2    Juo, P.3
  • 127
    • 0036048873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome C and caspase-9 expression in Huntington's disease
    • Kiechle T, Dedeoglu A, Kubilus J, et al. Cytochrome C and caspase-9 expression in Huntington's disease. Neuromol Med 2002; 1: 183-95.
    • (2002) Neuromol Med , vol.1 , pp. 183-195
    • Kiechle, T.1    Dedeoglu, A.2    Kubilus, J.3
  • 128
    • 0033587128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of caspase-1 slows disease progression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Ona VO, Li M, Vonsattel JP, et al. Inhibition of caspase-1 slows disease progression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Nature 1999; 399: 263-7.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 263-267
    • Ona, V.O.1    Li, M.2    Vonsattel, J.P.3
  • 129
    • 23844440646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression pattern of apoptosis-related markers in Huntington's disease
    • Vis JC, Schipper E, de Boer-van Huizen RT, et al. Expression pattern of apoptosis-related markers in Huntington's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2005; 109: 321-8.
    • (2005) Acta Neuropathol , vol.109 , pp. 321-328
    • Vis, J.C.1    Schipper, E.2    de Boer-van Huizen, R.T.3
  • 130
  • 131
    • 0032502715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspase cleavage of gene products associated with triplet expansion disorders generates truncated fragments containing the polyglutamine tract
    • Wellington CL, Ellerby LM, Hackam AS, et al. Caspase cleavage of gene products associated with triplet expansion disorders generates truncated fragments containing the polyglutamine tract. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(15): 9158-67.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , Issue.15 , pp. 9158-9167
    • Wellington, C.L.1    Ellerby, L.M.2    Hackam, A.S.3
  • 132
    • 0034657112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-type huntingtin protects from apoptosis upstream of caspase-3
    • Rigamonti D, Bauer JH, De-Fraja C, et al. Wild-type huntingtin protects from apoptosis upstream of caspase-3. J Neurosci 2000; 20(10): 3705-13.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , Issue.10 , pp. 3705-3713
    • Rigamonti, D.1    Bauer, J.H.2    De-Fraja, C.3
  • 133
    • 0035805504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin's neuroprotective activity occurs via inhibition of procaspase-9 processing
    • Rigamonti D, Sipione S, Goffredo D, et al. Huntingtin's neuroprotective activity occurs via inhibition of procaspase-9 processing. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(18): 14545-8.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , Issue.18 , pp. 14545-14548
    • Rigamonti, D.1    Sipione, S.2    Goffredo, D.3
  • 134
    • 65249125897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wang Y, et al. p53 mediates mitochondria dysfunction-triggered autophagy activation and cell death in rat striatum
    • Zhang X-D, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al. p53 mediates mitochondria dysfunction-triggered autophagy activation and cell death in rat striatum. Autophagy 2009; 5(3): 339-50.
    • (2009) Autophagy , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 339-350
    • Zhang, X.-D.1    Wang, Y.2
  • 135
    • 0037775906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calpain is a major cell death effector in selective striatal degeneration induced in vivo by 3- nitropropionate: Implications for Huntington's disease
    • Bizat N, Hermel JM, Boyer F, et al. Calpain is a major cell death effector in selective striatal degeneration induced in vivo by 3- nitropropionate: implications for Huntington's disease. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 5020-30.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 5020-5030
    • Bizat, N.1    Hermel, J.M.2    Boyer, F.3
  • 136
    • 9644265271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FK506 prevents mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic cell death induced by 3-nitropropionic acid in rat primary cortical cultures
    • Almeida S, Domingues A, Rodrigues L, Oliveira CR, Rego AC. FK506 prevents mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic cell death induced by 3-nitropropionic acid in rat primary cortical cultures. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 17: 435-44.
    • (2004) Neurobiol Dis , vol.17 , pp. 435-444
    • Almeida, S.1    Domingues, A.2    Rodrigues, L.3    Oliveira, C.R.4    Rego, A.C.5
  • 137
    • 68149169019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BDNF regulates BIM expression levels in 3-nitropropionic acid-treated cortical neurons
    • Almeida S, Laço M, Cunha-Oliveira T, Oliveira CR, Rego AC. BDNF regulates BIM expression levels in 3-nitropropionic acid-treated cortical neurons. Neurobiol Dis 2009; 35(3): 448-56.
    • (2009) Neurobiol Dis , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 448-456
    • Almeida, S.1    Laço, M.2    Cunha-Oliveira, T.3    Oliveira, C.R.4    Rego, A.C.5
  • 138
    • 77549084450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrialdependent apoptosis in Huntington's disease human cybrids
    • Ferreira IL, Nascimento MV, Ribeiro M, et al. Mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in Huntington's disease human cybrids. Exp Neurol 2010; 222: 243-55.
    • (2010) Exp Neurol , vol.222 , pp. 243-255
    • Ferreira, I.L.1    Nascimento, M.V.2    Ribeiro, M.3
  • 139
    • 57649210194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairing the mitochondrial fission and fusion balance: A new mechanism of neurodegeneration
    • Knott AB, Bossy-Wetzel E. Impairing the mitochondrial fission and fusion balance: a new mechanism of neurodegeneration. Ann NY Acad Sci 2008; 1147: 283-92.
    • (2008) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1147 , pp. 283-292
    • Knott, A.B.1    Bossy-Wetzel, E.2
  • 141
    • 34648834538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and Alzheimer's disease: Strategies to protect neurons
    • Reddy PH. Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and Alzheimer's disease: strategies to protect neurons. Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9: 1647-58.
    • (2007) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.9 , pp. 1647-1658
    • Reddy, P.H.1
  • 142
    • 0037125183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human dynamin-related protein OPA1 is anchored to the mitochondrial inner membrane facing the inter-membrane space
    • Olichon A, Emorine LJ, Descoins E, et al. The human dynamin-related protein OPA1 is anchored to the mitochondrial inner membrane facing the inter-membrane space. FEBS Lett 2002; 523: 171-6.
    • (2002) FEBS Lett , vol.523 , pp. 171-176
    • Olichon, A.1    Emorine, L.J.2    Descoins, E.3
  • 144
    • 15244364005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA content is decreased in autosomal dominant optic atrophy
    • Kim JY, Hwang JM, Ko HS, et al. Mitochondrial DNA content is decreased in autosomal dominant optic atrophy. Neurology 2005; 64(6): 966-72.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 966-972
    • Kim, J.Y.1    Hwang, J.M.2    Ko, H.S.3
  • 145
    • 33749991592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial inner-membrane fusion and crista maintenance requires the dynaminrelated GTPase Mgm1
    • Meeusen S, DeVay R, Block J, et al. Mitochondrial inner-membrane fusion and crista maintenance requires the dynaminrelated GTPase Mgm1. Cell 2006; 127: 383-95.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.127 , pp. 383-395
    • Meeusen, S.1    Devay, R.2    Block, J.3
  • 146
    • 33748028841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide-induced mitochondrial fission is regulated by dynamin-related GTPases in neurons
    • Barsoum MJ, Yuan H, Gerencser AA, et al. Nitric oxide-induced mitochondrial fission is regulated by dynamin-related GTPases in neurons. EMBO J 2006; 25: 3900-11.
    • (2006) EMBO J , vol.25 , pp. 3900-3911
    • Barsoum, M.J.1    Yuan, H.2    Gerencser, A.A.3
  • 147
    • 33644552417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased production of reactive oxygen species in hyperglycemic conditions requires dynamic change of mitochondrial morphology
    • Yu T, Robotham JL, Yoon Y. Increased production of reactive oxygen species in hyperglycemic conditions requires dynamic change of mitochondrial morphology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 2653-8.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103
    • Yu, T.1    Robotham, J.L.2    Yoon, Y.3
  • 148
    • 34548274600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitofusin 2 protects cerebellar granule neurons against injury-induced cell death
    • Jahani-Asl A, Cheung EC, Neuspiel M, et al. Mitofusin 2 protects cerebellar granule neurons against injury-induced cell death. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 23788-98.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 23788-23798
    • Jahani-Asl, A.1    Cheung, E.C.2    Neuspiel, M.3
  • 149
    • 0035166814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamin-related protein Drp1 is required for mitochondrial division in mammalian cells
    • Smirnova E, Griparic L, Shurland DL, van der Bliek AM. Dynamin-related protein Drp1 is required for mitochondrial division in mammalian cells. Mol Biol Cell 2001; 12: 2245-56.
    • (2001) Mol Biol Cell , vol.12 , pp. 2245-2256
    • Smirnova, E.1    Griparic, L.2    Shurland, D.L.3    van der Bliek, A.M.4
  • 150
    • 77958000917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin mediates neuronal injury by impairing mitochondrial fission and fusion balance
    • Chicago, USA, October 17-21, Book Four
    • Guinard AP, Song W, Bossy B, et al. In: Mutant huntingtin mediates neuronal injury by impairing mitochondrial fission and fusion balance, Nanosymposium, Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, USA, October 17-21, 2009; Book Four, pp. 4.
    • (2009) Nanosymposium, Society For Neuroscience , pp. 4
    • Guinard, A.P.1    Song, W.2    Bossy, B.3
  • 151
    • 40849147435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-terminal mutant huntingtin associates with mitochondria and impairs mitochondrial trafficking
    • Orr AL, Li S, Wang CE, et al. N-terminal mutant huntingtin associates with mitochondria and impairs mitochondrial trafficking. J Neurosci 2008; 28: 2783-92.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 2783-2792
    • Orr, A.L.1    Li, S.2    Wang, C.E.3
  • 152
    • 4444316194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin impairs axonal trafficking in mammalian neurons in vivo and in vitro
    • Trushina E, Dyer RB, Badger JD II, et al. Mutant huntingtin impairs axonal trafficking in mammalian neurons in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24: 8195-209.
    • (2004) Mol Cell Biol , vol.24
    • Trushina, E.1    Dyer, R.B.2    Badger, J.D.I.I.3
  • 153
    • 0142123112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microtubule destabilization and nuclear entry are sequential steps leading to toxicity in Huntington's disease
    • Trushina E, Heldebrant MP, Perez-Terzic CM, et al. Microtubule destabilization and nuclear entry are sequential steps leading to toxicity in Huntington's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100(21): 12171-6.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , Issue.21 , pp. 12171-12176
    • Trushina, E.1    Heldebrant, M.P.2    Perez-Terzic, C.M.3
  • 154
    • 33646136884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant huntingtin aggregates impair mitochondrial movement and trafficking in cortical neurons
    • Chang DT, Rintoul GL, Pandipati S, Reynolds IJ. Mutant huntingtin aggregates impair mitochondrial movement and trafficking in cortical neurons. Neurobiol Dis 2006; 22: 388-400.
    • (2006) Neurobiol Dis , vol.22 , pp. 388-400
    • Chang, D.T.1    Rintoul, G.L.2    Pandipati, S.3    Reynolds, I.J.4
  • 155
    • 3142636768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin controls neurotrophic support and survival of neurons by enhancing BDNF vesicular transport along microtubules
    • Gauthier LR, Charrin BC, Borrell-Pagès M, et al. Huntingtin controls neurotrophic support and survival of neurons by enhancing BDNF vesicular transport along microtubules. Cell 2004; 118(1): 127-38.
    • (2004) Cell , vol.118 , Issue.1 , pp. 127-138
    • Gauthier, L.R.1    Charrin, B.C.2    Borrell-Pagès, M.3
  • 156
    • 6344274848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of the mammalian mitochondrial fission and fusion mediators Fis1, Drp1, and OPA1 in apoptosis
    • Lee YJ, Jeong SY, Karbowski M, Smith CL, Youle RJ. Roles of the mammalian mitochondrial fission and fusion mediators Fis1, Drp1, and OPA1 in apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell 2004; 15: 5001-11.
    • (2004) Mol Biol Cell , vol.15 , pp. 5001-5011
    • Lee, Y.J.1    Jeong, S.Y.2    Karbowski, M.3    Smith, C.L.4    Youle, R.J.5
  • 157
    • 0037164813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal association of Bax with mitochondrial fission sites, Drp1, and Mfn2 during apoptosis
    • Karbowski M, Lee YJ, Gaume B, et al. Spatial and temporal association of Bax with mitochondrial fission sites, Drp1, and Mfn2 during apoptosis. J Cell Biol 2002; 159: 931-8.
    • (2002) J Cell Biol , vol.159 , pp. 931-938
    • Karbowski, M.1    Lee, Y.J.2    Gaume, B.3
  • 158
    • 34547601410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial fusion protects against neurodegeneration in the cerebellum
    • Chen H, McCaffery JM, Chan DC. Mitochondrial fusion protects against neurodegeneration in the cerebellum. Cell 2007; 130: 548-62.
    • (2007) Cell , vol.130 , pp. 548-562
    • Chen, H.1    McCaffery, J.M.2    Chan, D.C.3
  • 159
    • 33847012075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial fission is an upstream and required event for bax foci formation in response to nitric oxide in cortical neurons
    • Yuan H, Gerencser AA, Liot G, et al. Mitochondrial fission is an upstream and required event for bax foci formation in response to nitric oxide in cortical neurons. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14: 462-71.
    • (2007) Cell Death Differ , vol.14 , pp. 462-471
    • Yuan, H.1    Gerencser, A.A.2    Liot, G.3
  • 160
    • 33750526651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial fission protein hFis1 requires the endoplasmic reticulum gateway to induce apoptosis
    • Alirol E, James D, Huber D, et al. The mitochondrial fission protein hFis1 requires the endoplasmic reticulum gateway to induce apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17: 4593-605.
    • (2006) Mol Biol Cell , vol.17
    • Alirol, E.1    James, D.2    Huber, D.3
  • 161
    • 34248182897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bax/Bak promote sumoylation of DRP1 and its stable association with mitochondria during apoptotic cell death
    • Wasiak S, Zunino R, McBride HM. Bax/Bak promote sumoylation of DRP1 and its stable association with mitochondria during apoptotic cell death. J Cell Biol 2007; 177: 439-50.
    • (2007) J Cell Biol , vol.177 , pp. 439-450
    • Wasiak, S.1    Zunino, R.2    McBride, H.M.3
  • 162
    • 67349120572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex II inhibition by 3-NP causes mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death via an NMDA- and ROS-dependent pathway
    • Liot G, Bossy B, Lubitz S, et al. Complex II inhibition by 3-NP causes mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death via an NMDA- and ROS-dependent pathway. Cell Death Differ 2009; 16: 899-909.
    • (2009) Cell Death Differ , vol.16 , pp. 899-909
    • Liot, G.1    Bossy, B.2    Lubitz, S.3
  • 163
    • 58949099388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of overexpression of huntingtin proteins on mitochondrial integrity
    • Wang H, Lim PJ, Karbowski M, Monteiro MJ. Effects of overexpression of huntingtin proteins on mitochondrial integrity. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18: 737-52.
    • (2009) Hum Mol Genet , vol.18 , pp. 737-752
    • Wang, H.1    Lim, P.J.2    Karbowski, M.3    Monteiro, M.J.4
  • 164
    • 33744531110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in neurodegenerative diseases and cell death
    • Gonatas NK, Stieber A, Gonatas JO. Fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in neurodegenerative diseases and cell death. J Neurol Sci 2006; 246: 21-30.
    • (2006) J Neurol Sci , vol.246 , pp. 21-30
    • Gonatas, N.K.1    Stieber, A.2    Gonatas, J.O.3
  • 165
    • 37549045045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease and mitochondrial DNA deletions: Event or regular mechanism for mutant huntingtin protein and CAG repeats expansion?!
    • Banoei MM, Houshmand M, Panahi MS, et al. Huntington's disease and mitochondrial DNA deletions: event or regular mechanism for mutant huntingtin protein and CAG repeats expansion?! Cell Mol Neurobiol 2007; 27: 867-75.
    • (2007) Cell Mol Neurobiol , vol.27 , pp. 867-875
    • Banoei, M.M.1    Houshmand, M.2    Panahi, M.S.3
  • 166
    • 56549089781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA damage is a hallmark of chemically induced and the R6/2 transgenic model of Huntington's disease
    • Acevedo-Torres K, Berríos L, Rosario N, et al. Mitochondrial DNA damage is a hallmark of chemically induced and the R6/2 transgenic model of Huntington's disease. DNA Repair (Amst). 2009; 8: 126-36.
    • (2009) DNA Repair (Amst) , vol.8 , pp. 126-136
    • Acevedo-Torres, K.1    Berríos, L.2    Rosario, N.3
  • 167
    • 36549034748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of mitochondrial DNA in leukocytes of patients with poly-Q diseases
    • Liu CS, Cheng WL, Kuo SJ, et al. Depletion of mitochondrial DNA in leukocytes of patients with poly-Q diseases. J Neurol Sci 2008; 264: 18-21.
    • (2008) J Neurol Sci , vol.264 , pp. 18-21
    • Liu, C.S.1    Cheng, W.L.2    Kuo, S.J.3
  • 168
    • 28844499005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) mediates mitochondrial gene expression and neuronal survival
    • Lee J, Kim CH, Simon DK, et al. Mitochondrial cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) mediates mitochondrial gene expression and neuronal survival. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 40398-401.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 40398-40401
    • Lee, J.1    Kim, C.H.2    Simon, D.K.3
  • 169
    • 3042717240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular toxicity of polyglutamine expansion proteins: Mechanism of transcription factor deactivation
    • Schaffar G, Breuer P, Boteva R, et al. Cellular toxicity of polyglutamine expansion proteins: mechanism of transcription factor deactivation. Mol Cell 2004; 15: 95-105.
    • (2004) Mol Cell , vol.15 , pp. 95-105
    • Schaffar, G.1    Breuer, P.2    Boteva, R.3
  • 170
    • 29244462838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro analysis of huntingtin-mediated transcriptional repression reveals multiple transcription factor targets
    • Zhai W, Jeong H, Cui L, Krainc D, Tjian R. In vitro analysis of huntingtin-mediated transcriptional repression reveals multiple transcription factor targets. Cell 2005; 123: 1241-53.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.123 , pp. 1241-1253
    • Zhai, W.1    Jeong, H.2    Cui, L.3    Krainc, D.4    Tjian, R.5
  • 171
    • 23444458415 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional activation modulated by homopolymeric glutamine and proline stretches
    • Gerber HP, Seipel K, Georgiev O, et al. Transcriptional activation modulated by homopolymeric glutamine and proline stretches. Science 1994; 263: 808-11.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 808-811
    • Gerber, H.P.1    Seipel, K.2    Georgiev, O.3
  • 172
    • 0037408279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional abnormalities in Huntington disease
    • Sugars KL, Rubinsztein DC. Transcriptional abnormalities in Huntington disease. Trends Genet 2003; 5: 233-8.
    • (2003) Trends Genet , vol.5 , pp. 233-238
    • Sugars, K.L.1    Rubinsztein, D.C.2
  • 173
    • 0035937523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interference by huntingtin and atrophin-1 with cbp-mediated transcription leading to cellular toxicity
    • Nucifora FC, Jr, Sasaki M, Peters MF, et al. Interference by huntingtin and atrophin-1 with cbp-mediated transcription leading to cellular toxicity. Science 2001; 291: 2423-8.
    • (2001) Science , vol.291
    • Nucifora Jr., F.C.1    Sasaki, M.2    Peters, M.F.3
  • 174
    • 12944263711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Huntington's disease protein interacts with p53 and CBP and represses transcription
    • Steffan JS, Kazantsev A, Spasic-Boskovic O, et al. The Huntington's disease protein interacts with p53 and CBP and represses transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 6763-8.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97
    • Steffan, J.S.1    Kazantsev, A.2    Spasic-Boskovic, O.3
  • 175
    • 21544450545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Igarashi S, et al. p53 mediates cellular dysfunction and behavior abnormalities in Huntington's disease
    • Bae B, Xu H, Igarashi S, et al. p53 mediates cellular dysfunction and behavior abnormalities in Huntington's disease. Neuron 2005; 47: 29-41.
    • (2005) Neuron , vol.47 , pp. 29-41
    • Bae, B.1    Xu, H.2
  • 176
    • 0037150687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sp1 and TAF130 transcriptional activity disrupted in early Huntington's Disease
    • Dunah AW, Jeong H, Griffin A, et al. Sp1 and TAF130 transcriptional activity disrupted in early Huntington's Disease. Science 2002; 296(5576): 2238-43.
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , Issue.5576 , pp. 2238-2243
    • Dunah, A.W.1    Jeong, H.2    Griffin, A.3
  • 177
    • 0041353535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntingtin interacts with REST/NRSF to modulate the transcription of NRSE-controlled neuronal genes
    • Zuccato C, Tartari M, Crotti A, et al. Huntingtin interacts with REST/NRSF to modulate the transcription of NRSE-controlled neuronal genes. Nat Genet 2003; 35: 76-83.
    • (2003) Nat Genet , vol.35 , pp. 76-83
    • Zuccato, C.1    Tartari, M.2    Crotti, A.3
  • 178
    • 0037326196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha): Transcriptional coactivator and metabolic regulator
    • Puigserver P, Spiegelman BM. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha): transcriptional coactivator and metabolic regulator. Endocr Rev 2003; 24: 78-90.
    • (2003) Endocr Rev , vol.24 , pp. 78-90
    • Puigserver, P.1    Spiegelman, B.M.2
  • 179
    • 33749042331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression of PGC-1alpha gene transcription by mutant huntingtin leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington's disease
    • Cui L, Jeong H, Borovecki F, et al. Repression of PGC-1alpha gene transcription by mutant huntingtin leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Cell 2006; 126: 59-69.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.126 , pp. 59-69
    • Cui, L.1    Jeong, H.2    Borovecki, F.3
  • 180
    • 33750437278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoregulatory and metabolic defects in Huntington's disease transgenic mice implicate PGC-1alpha in Huntington's disease neurodegeneration
    • Weydt P, Pineda VV, Torrence AE, et al. Thermoregulatory and metabolic defects in Huntington's disease transgenic mice implicate PGC-1alpha in Huntington's disease neurodegeneration. Cell Metab 2006; 4: 349-62.
    • (2006) Cell Metab , vol.4 , pp. 349-362
    • Weydt, P.1    Pineda, V.V.2    Torrence, A.E.3
  • 181
    • 33749999530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of reactive oxygen species and neurodegeneration by the PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators
    • St-Pierre J, Drori S, Uldry M, et al. Suppression of reactive oxygen species and neurodegeneration by the PGC-1 transcriptional coactivators. Cell 2006; 127: 397-408.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.127 , pp. 397-408
    • St-Pierre, J.1    Drori, S.2    Uldry, M.3
  • 182
    • 24144463983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic control through the PGC-1 family of transcription coactivators
    • Lin J, Handschin C, Spiegelman BM. Metabolic control through the PGC-1 family of transcription coactivators. Cell Metab 2005; 1: 361-70.
    • (2005) Cell Metab , vol.1 , pp. 361-370
    • Lin, J.1    Handschin, C.2    Spiegelman, B.M.3
  • 183
    • 58849090439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcribe to survive: Transcriptional control of antioxidant defense programs for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease
    • Clark J, Simon DK. Transcribe to survive: transcriptional control of antioxidant defense programs for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11(3): 509-28.
    • (2009) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 509-528
    • Clark, J.1    Simon, D.K.2
  • 184
    • 21744445077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nrf2, a multi-organ protector?
    • Lee JM, Li J, Johnson DA, et al. Nrf2, a multi-organ protector? FASEB J 2005; 19(9): 1061-6.
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , Issue.9
    • Lee, J.M.1    Li, J.2    Johnson, D.A.3
  • 185
    • 0025145723 scopus 로고
    • Xenobiotic-inducible expression of murine glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene is controlled by an electrophile-responsive element
    • Friling RS, Bensimon A, Tichauer Y, Daniel V. Xenobiotic-inducible expression of murine glutathione S-transferase Ya subunit gene is controlled by an electrophile-responsive element. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 6258-62.
    • (1990) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.87 , pp. 6258-6262
    • Friling, R.S.1    Bensimon, A.2    Tichauer, Y.3    Daniel, V.4
  • 186
    • 0025806510 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of the rat NAD(P)H:Quinone reductase gene. Identification of regulatory elements controlling basal level expression and inducible expression by planar aromatic compounds and phenolic antioxidants
    • Favreau LV, Pickett CB. Transcriptional regulation of the rat NAD(P)H:quinone reductase gene. Identification of regulatory elements controlling basal level expression and inducible expression by planar aromatic compounds and phenolic antioxidants. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 4556-61.
    • (1991) J Biol Chem , vol.266 , pp. 4556-4561
    • Favreau, L.V.1    Pickett, C.B.2
  • 187
    • 0029019008 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a second region upstream of the mouse hemeoxygenase-1 gene that functions as a basal level and inducer-dependent transcription enhancer
    • Alam J, Camhi M, Choi M. Identification of a second region upstream of the mouse hemeoxygenase-1 gene that functions as a basal level and inducer-dependent transcription enhancer. J Biol Chem 1995; 270: 11977-84.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 11977-11984
    • Alam, J.1    Camhi, M.2    Choi, M.3
  • 188
    • 30044438329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zupnick A, et al. p53 tumor suppressor protein regulates the levels of huntingtin gene expression
    • Feng Z, Jin S, Zupnick A, et al. p53 tumor suppressor protein regulates the levels of huntingtin gene expression. Oncogene 2006; 25: 1-7.
    • (2006) Oncogene , vol.25 , pp. 1-7
    • Feng, Z.1    Jin, S.2
  • 189
    • 0035897405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identities of sequestered proteins in aggregates from cells with induced polyglutamine expression
    • Suhr ST, Senut MC, Whitelegge JP, et al. Identities of sequestered proteins in aggregates from cells with induced polyglutamine expression. J Cell Biol 2001; 153: 283-94.
    • (2001) J Cell Biol , vol.153 , pp. 283-294
    • Suhr, S.T.1    Senut, M.C.2    Whitelegge, J.P.3
  • 190
    • 62849122468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA breakage and induction of DNA damage response proteins precede the appearance of visible mutant huntingtin aggregates
    • Illuzzi J, Yerkes S, Parekh-Olmedo H, Kmiec EB. DNA breakage and induction of DNA damage response proteins precede the appearance of visible mutant huntingtin aggregates. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87(3): 733-47.
    • (2009) J Neurosci Res , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 733-747
    • Illuzzi, J.1    Yerkes, S.2    Parekh-Olmedo, H.3    Kmiec, E.B.4
  • 191
    • 33847319698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective defect of in vivo glycolysis in early Huntington's disease striatum
    • Powers WJ, Videen TO, Markham J, et al. Selective defect of in vivo glycolysis in early Huntington's disease striatum. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104: 2945-9.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104
    • Powers, W.J.1    Videen, T.O.2    Markham, J.3
  • 192
    • 12644252940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal glucose metabolism and dopamine D2 receptor binding in asymptomatic gene carriers and patients with Huntington's disease
    • Antonini A, Leenders KL, Spiegel R, et al. Striatal glucose metabolism and dopamine D2 receptor binding in asymptomatic gene carriers and patients with Huntington's disease. Brain 1996; 119: 2085-95.
    • (1996) Brain , vol.119 , pp. 2085-2095
    • Antonini, A.1    Leenders, K.L.2    Spiegel, R.3
  • 193
    • 0023147905 scopus 로고
    • Reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in asymptomatic subjects at risk for Huntington's disease
    • Mazziotta JC, Phelps ME, Pahl JJ, et al. Reduced cerebral glucose metabolism in asymptomatic subjects at risk for Huntington's disease. N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 357-62.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 357-362
    • Mazziotta, J.C.1    Phelps, M.E.2    Pahl, J.J.3
  • 194
    • 0022641113 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of Huntington's disease
    • Hayden MR, Martin WR, Stoessl AJ, et al. Positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of Huntington's disease. Neurology 1986; 36: 888-94.
    • (1986) Neurology , vol.36 , pp. 888-894
    • Hayden, M.R.1    Martin, W.R.2    Stoessl, A.J.3
  • 195
    • 0019991784 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral metabolism and atrophy in Huntington's disease determined by 18FDG and computed tomographic scan
    • Kuhl DE, Phelps ME, Markham CH, et al. Cerebral metabolism and atrophy in Huntington's disease determined by 18FDG and computed tomographic scan. Ann Neurol 1982; 12: 425-34.
    • (1982) Ann Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 425-434
    • Kuhl, D.E.1    Phelps, M.E.2    Markham, C.H.3
  • 196
    • 0023884580 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomographic scan investigations of Huntington's disease: Cerebral metabolic correlates of cognitive function
    • Berent S, Giordani B, Lehtinen S, et al. Positron emission tomographic scan investigations of Huntington's disease: cerebral metabolic correlates of cognitive function. Ann Neurol 1988; 23: 541-6.
    • (1988) Ann Neurol , vol.23 , pp. 541-546
    • Berent, S.1    Giordani, B.2    Lehtinen, S.3
  • 197
    • 0028108929 scopus 로고
    • Glucose transporter isoform expression in Huntington's disease brain
    • Gamberino WC, Brennan WA Jr. Glucose transporter isoform expression in Huntington's disease brain. J Neurochem 1994; 63(4): 1392-7.
    • (1994) J Neurochem , vol.63 , Issue.4
    • Gamberino, W.C.1    Brennan Jr., W.A.2
  • 198
    • 35648963039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thalamic metabolism and symptom onset in preclinical Huntington's disease
    • Feigin A, Tang C, Ma Y, et al. Thalamic metabolism and symptom onset in preclinical Huntington's disease. Brain 2007; 130: 2858-67.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 2858-2867
    • Feigin, A.1    Tang, C.2    Ma, Y.3
  • 199
    • 11144291556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity in 1H-MRS profiles of presymptomatic and early manifest Huntington's disease
    • Reynolds NC Jr, Prost RW, Mark LP. Heterogeneity in 1H-MRS profiles of presymptomatic and early manifest Huntington's disease. Brain Res 2005; 1031: 82-9.
    • (2005) Brain Res , vol.1031 , pp. 82-89
    • Reynolds Jr., N.C.1    Prost, R.W.2    Mark, L.P.3
  • 200
    • 37549042776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of thalamic dysfunction in Huntington disease by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Ruocco HH, Lopes-Cendes I, Li LM, Cendes F. Evidence of thalamic dysfunction in Huntington disease by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Mov Disord 2007; 22: 2052-6.
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22
    • Ruocco, H.H.1    Lopes-Cendes, I.2    Li, L.M.3    Cendes, F.4
  • 201
    • 0027741301 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for impairment of energy metabolism in vivo in Huntington's disease using localized 1H
    • Jenkins BG, Koroshetz WJ, Beal MF, Rosen BR. Evidence for impairment of energy metabolism in vivo in Huntington's disease using localized 1H NMR spectroscopy. Neurology 1993; 43: 2689-95.
    • (1993) NMR Spectroscopy. Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 2689-2695
    • Jenkins, B.G.1    Koroshetz, W.J.2    Beal, M.F.3    Rosen, B.R.4
  • 202
    • 0021917344 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of phosphate-activated glutaminase, succinic dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in post-mortem brain from Huntington's disease and agonal cases
    • Butterworth J, Yates CM, Reynolds GP. Distribution of phosphate-activated glutaminase, succinic dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in post-mortem brain from Huntington's disease and agonal cases. J Neurol Sci 1985; 67: 161-71.
    • (1985) J Neurol Sci , vol.67 , pp. 161-171
    • Butterworth, J.1    Yates, C.M.2    Reynolds, G.P.3
  • 203
    • 12144290495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice deficient in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase show increased vulnerability to MPTP, malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity
    • Klivenyi P, Starkov AA, Calingasan NY, et al. Mice deficient in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase show increased vulnerability to MPTP, malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 2004; 88: 1352-60.
    • (2004) J Neurochem , vol.88 , pp. 1352-1360
    • Klivenyi, P.1    Starkov, A.A.2    Calingasan, N.Y.3
  • 204
    • 0021883670 scopus 로고
    • Regional mitochondrial respiratory activity in Huntington's disease brain
    • Brennan WA Jr, Bird ED, Aprille JR. Regional mitochondrial respiratory activity in Huntington's disease brain. J Neurochem 1985; 44: 1948-1950.
    • (1985) J Neurochem , vol.44
    • Brennan Jr., W.A.1    Bird, E.D.2    Aprille, J.R.3
  • 205
    • 0029875381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial defect in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus
    • Gu M, Gash MT, Mann VM, et al. Mitochondrial defect in Huntington's disease caudate nucleus. Ann Neurol 1996; 39: 385-9.
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 385-389
    • Gu, M.1    Gash, M.T.2    Mann, V.M.3
  • 206
    • 0032900574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical abnormalities and excitotoxicity in Huntington's disease brain
    • Tabrizi SJ, Cleeter MW, Xuereb J, et al. Biochemical abnormalities and excitotoxicity in Huntington's disease brain. Ann Neurol 1999; 45: 25-32.
    • (1999) Ann Neurol , vol.45 , pp. 25-32
    • Tabrizi, S.J.1    Cleeter, M.W.2    Xuereb, J.3
  • 207
    • 33745392939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of mitochondrial complex II defects in neuronal death produced by N- terminus fragment of mutated huntingtin
    • Benchoua A, Trioulier Y, Zala D, et al. Involvement of mitochondrial complex II defects in neuronal death produced by N- terminus fragment of mutated huntingtin. Mol Biol Cell 2006; 17: 1652-63.
    • (2006) Mol Biol Cell , vol.17 , pp. 1652-1663
    • Benchoua, A.1    Trioulier, Y.2    Zala, D.3
  • 208
    • 0034994207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early degenerative changes in transgenic mice expressing mutant huntingtin involve dendritic abnormalities but no impairment of mitochondrial energy production
    • Guidetti P, Charles V, Chen EY, et al. Early degenerative changes in transgenic mice expressing mutant huntingtin involve dendritic abnormalities but no impairment of mitochondrial energy production. Exp Neurol 2001; 169: 340-50.
    • (2001) Exp Neurol , vol.169 , pp. 340-350
    • Guidetti, P.1    Charles, V.2    Chen, E.Y.3
  • 209
    • 0017839485 scopus 로고
    • Juvenile Huntington chorea: Clinical, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies
    • Goebel HH, Heipertz R, Scholz W, Iqbal K, Tellez-Nagel I. Juvenile Huntington chorea: clinical, ultrastructural, and biochemical studies. Neurology 1978; 28: 23-31.
    • (1978) Neurology , vol.28 , pp. 23-31
    • Goebel, H.H.1    Heipertz, R.2    Scholz, W.3    Iqbal, K.4    Tellez-Nagel, I.5
  • 210
    • 0021982117 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for degenerative and regenerative changes in neostriatal spiny neurons in Huntington's disease
    • Graveland GA, Williams RS, DiFiglia M. Evidence for degenerative and regenerative changes in neostriatal spiny neurons in Huntington's disease. Science 1985; 227: 770-3.
    • (1985) Science , vol.227 , pp. 770-773
    • Graveland, G.A.1    Williams, R.S.2    Difiglia, M.3
  • 211
    • 22844440902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial impairment in patients and asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease
    • Saft C, Zange J, Andrich J, et al. Mitochondrial impairment in patients and asymptomatic mutation carriers of Huntington's disease. Mov Disord 2005; 20: 674-9.
    • (2005) Mov Disord , vol.20 , pp. 674-679
    • Saft, C.1    Zange, J.2    Andrich, J.3
  • 212
    • 0035668684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased oxidative damage to DNA in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Huntington's disease. Lancet 1989; 2: 979-80
    • Bogdanov MB, Andreassen OA, Dedeoglu A, Ferrante RJ, Beal MF. Increased oxidative damage to DNA in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. J Neurochem 2001; 79: 1246-9. Huntington's disease. Lancet 1989; 2: 979-80.
    • (2001) J Neurochem , vol.79
    • Bogdanov, M.B.1    Andreassen, O.A.2    Dedeoglu, A.3    Ferrante, R.J.4    Beal, M.F.5
  • 213
    • 0024347246 scopus 로고
    • Increased brain 3-hydroxykynurenine in Huntington's disease
    • Reynolds GP, Pearson SJ. Increased brain 3-hydroxykynurenine in Huntington's disease. Lancet 1989; 2: 979-80.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 979-980
    • Reynolds, G.P.1    Pearson, S.J.2
  • 214
    • 9644270316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neostriatal and cortical quinolinate levels are increased in early grade Huntington's disease
    • Guidetti P, Luthi-Carter RE, Augood SJ, Schwarcz R. Neostriatal and cortical quinolinate levels are increased in early grade Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 17: 455-61.
    • (2004) Neurobiol Dis , vol.17 , pp. 455-461
    • Guidetti, P.1    Luthi-Carter, R.E.2    Augood, S.J.3    Schwarcz, R.4
  • 215
    • 36248935287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early energy deficit in Huntington disease: Identification of a plasma biomarker traceable during disease progression
    • Mochel F, Charles P, Seguin F, et al. Early energy deficit in Huntington disease: identification of a plasma biomarker traceable during disease progression. PLoS One 2007; 2: e647.
    • (2007) PLoS One , vol.e647 , pp. 2
    • Mochel, F.1    Charles, P.2    Seguin, F.3
  • 216
    • 0031916812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex I defect in muscle from patients with Huntington's disease
    • Arenas J, Campos Y, Ribacoba R, et al. Complex I defect in muscle from patients with Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 1998; 43: 397-400.
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 397-400
    • Arenas, J.1    Campos, Y.2    Ribacoba, R.3
  • 217
    • 49449107322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of apoptosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in peripheral blood cells of Huntington's disease patients
    • Almeida S, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Januário C, Rego AC, Oliveira CR. Evidence of apoptosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in peripheral blood cells of Huntington's disease patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 374: 599-603.
    • (2008) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.374 , pp. 599-603
    • Almeida, S.1    Sarmento-Ribeiro, A.B.2    Januário, C.3    Rego, A.C.4    Oliveira, C.R.5
  • 218
    • 0037069280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in early stage of Huntington's disease
    • Djousse L, Knowlton B, Cupples LA, et al. Weight loss in early stage of Huntington's disease. Neurology 2002; 59: 1325-30.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 1325-1330
    • Djousse, L.1    Knowlton, B.2    Cupples, L.A.3
  • 219
    • 0035115942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of symptoms in the early and middle stages of Huntington disease
    • Kirkwood SC, Su JL, Conneally P, Foroud T. Progression of symptoms in the early and middle stages of Huntington disease. Arch Neurol 2001; 58: 273-8.
    • (2001) Arch Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 273-278
    • Kirkwood, S.C.1    Su, J.L.2    Conneally, P.3    Foroud, T.4
  • 221
    • 23944461062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of oral nutritional supplements in patients with Huntington's disease
    • Trejo A, Boll MC, Alonso ME, Ochoa A, Velásquez L. Use of oral nutritional supplements in patients with Huntington's disease. Nutrition 2005; 21: 889-94.
    • (2005) Nutrition , vol.21 , pp. 889-894
    • Trejo, A.1    Boll, M.C.2    Alonso, M.E.3    Ochoa, A.4    Velásquez, L.5
  • 222
    • 84991386183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in Huntington's disease
    • Stoy N, McKay E. Weight loss in Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 2000; 48: 130-1.
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.48 , pp. 130-131
    • Stoy, N.1    McKay, E.2
  • 223
    • 0026548964 scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in Huntington's disease
    • Kremer HP, Roos RA. Weight loss in Huntington's disease. Arch Neurol 1992; 49: 349.
    • (1992) Arch Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 349
    • Kremer, H.P.1    Roos, R.A.2
  • 224
    • 0024311533 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional evaluation of Huntington disease patients
    • Morales LM, Estévez J, Suárez H, et al. Nutritional evaluation of Huntington disease patients. Am J Clin Nutr 1989; 50: 145-50.
    • (1989) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.50 , pp. 145-150
    • Morales, L.M.1    Estévez, J.2    Suárez, H.3
  • 225
    • 33646128019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body weight is modulated by levels of full-length huntingtin
    • Van Raamsdonk JM, Gibson WT, Pearson J, et al. Body weight is modulated by levels of full-length huntingtin. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15: 1513-23.
    • (2006) Hum Mol Genet , vol.15 , pp. 1513-1523
    • van Raamsdonk, J.M.1    Gibson, W.T.2    Pearson, J.3
  • 226
    • 61849093278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose tissue dysfunction tracks disease progression in two Huntington's disease mouse models
    • Phan J, Hickey MA, Zhang P, Chesselet MF, Reue K. Adipose tissue dysfunction tracks disease progression in two Huntington's disease mouse models. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18 (6): 1006-16.
    • (2009) Hum Mol Genet , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1006-1016
    • Phan, J.1    Hickey, M.A.2    Zhang, P.3    Chesselet, M.F.4    Reue, K.5
  • 227
    • 67149136453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in neurodegenerative disorders
    • Aziz NA, van der Marck MA, Pijl H, et al. Weight loss in neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurol 2008; 255: 1872-80.
    • (2008) J Neurol , vol.255 , pp. 1872-1880
    • Aziz, N.A.1    van der Marck, M.A.2    Pijl, H.3
  • 228
    • 21944453114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy balance in early-stage Huntington disease
    • Gaba AM, Zhang K, Marder K, et al. Energy balance in early-stage Huntington disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81: 1335-41.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81 , pp. 1335-1341
    • Gaba, A.M.1    Zhang, K.2    Marder, K.3
  • 229
    • 0033965329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher sedentary energy expenditure in patients with Huntington's disease
    • Pratley RE, Salbe AD, Ravussin E, Caviness JN. Higher sedentary energy expenditure in patients with Huntington's disease. Ann Neurol 2000; 47: 64-70.
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.47 , pp. 64-70
    • Pratley, R.E.1    Salbe, A.D.2    Ravussin, E.3    Caviness, J.N.4
  • 230
    • 1242338792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the nutrition status of patients with Huntington's disease
    • Trejo A, Tarrats RM, Alonso ME, et al. Assessment of the nutrition status of patients with Huntington's disease. Nutrition 2004; 20: 192-196.
    • (2004) Nutrition , vol.20 , pp. 192-196
    • Trejo, A.1    Tarrats, R.M.2    Alonso, M.E.3
  • 231
    • 0019796509 scopus 로고
    • Body weight and dietary factors in Huntington's disease patients compared with matched controls
    • Sanberg PR, Fibiger HC, Mark RF. Body weight and dietary factors in Huntington's disease patients compared with matched controls. Med J Aust 1981; 1: 407-9.
    • (1981) Med J Aust , vol.1 , pp. 407-409
    • Sanberg, P.R.1    Fibiger, H.C.2    Mark, R.F.3
  • 232
    • 41349100027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic profile of early Huntington's disease - a combined human and transgenic mouse study
    • Goodman AO, Murgatroyd PR, Medina-Gomez G, et al. The metabolic profile of early Huntington's disease - a combined human and transgenic mouse study. Exp Neurol 2008; 210: 691-8.
    • (2008) Exp Neurol , vol.210 , pp. 691-698
    • Goodman, A.O.1    Murgatroyd, P.R.2    Medina-Gomez, G.3
  • 233
    • 0026332133 scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with slow progression in Huntington's disease
    • Myers RH, Sax DS, Koroshetz WJ, et al. Factors associated with slow progression in Huntington's disease. Arch Neurol 1991; 48: 800-4.
    • (1991) Arch Neurol , vol.48 , pp. 800-804
    • Myers, R.H.1    Sax, D.S.2    Koroshetz, W.J.3
  • 234
    • 0033914747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal in vivo skeletal muscle energy metabolism in Huntington's disease and dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy
    • Lodi R, Schapira AH, Manners D, et al. Abnormal in vivo skeletal muscle energy metabolism in Huntington's disease and dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy. Ann Neurol 2000; 48: 72-6.
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.48 , pp. 72-76
    • Lodi, R.1    Schapira, A.H.2    Manners, D.3
  • 235
    • 36549050391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased metabolism in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • van der Burg JM, Bacos K, Wood NI, et al. Increased metabolism in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2008; 29: 41-51.
    • (2008) Neurobiol Dis , vol.29 , pp. 41-51
    • van der Burg, J.M.1    Bacos, K.2    Wood, N.I.3
  • 236
    • 77952379669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full-length huntingtin levels modulate body weight by influencing insulin-like growth factor 1 expression
    • Pouladi MA, Xie Y, Skotte NH, et al. Full-length huntingtin levels modulate body weight by influencing insulin-like growth factor 1 expression. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19(8):1528-38.
    • (2010) Hum Mol Genet , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1528-1538
    • Pouladi, M.A.1    Xie, Y.2    Skotte, N.H.3
  • 237
    • 0021927818 scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus in Huntington disease
    • Farrer LA. Diabetes mellitus in Huntington disease. Clin Genet 1985; 27: 62-7.
    • (1985) Clin Genet , vol.27 , pp. 62-67
    • Farrer, L.A.1
  • 238
    • 0015521813 scopus 로고
    • Increased frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with Huntington's chorea
    • Podolsky S, Leopold NA, Sax DS. Increased frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with Huntington's chorea. Lancet 1972; 1: 1356-8.
    • (1972) Lancet , vol.1
    • Podolsky, S.1    Leopold, N.A.2    Sax, D.S.3
  • 239
    • 0017369458 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal glucose tolerance and arginine tolerance tests in Huntington's disease
    • Podolsky S, Leopold NA. Abnormal glucose tolerance and arginine tolerance tests in Huntington's disease. Gerontology 1977; 23: 55-63.
    • (1977) Gerontology , vol.23 , pp. 55-63
    • Podolsky, S.1    Leopold, N.A.2
  • 240
    • 42249107018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose homeostasis in Huntington disease: Abnormalities in insulin sensitivity and early-phase insulin secretion
    • Lalic NM, Maric J, Svetel M, et al. Glucose homeostasis in Huntington disease: abnormalities in insulin sensitivity and early-phase insulin secretion. Arch Neurol 2008; 65: 476-80.
    • (2008) Arch Neurol , vol.65 , pp. 476-480
    • Lalic, N.M.1    Maric, J.2    Svetel, M.3
  • 241
    • 69249108498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease does not appear to increase the risk of diabetes mellitus
    • Boesgaard TW, Nielsen TT, Josefsen K, et al. Huntington's disease does not appear to increase the risk of diabetes mellitus. J Neuroendocrinol 2009; 21(9): 770-6.
    • (2009) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 770-776
    • Boesgaard, T.W.1    Nielsen, T.T.2    Josefsen, K.3
  • 242
    • 0037002444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington's disease of the endocrine pancreas: Insulin deficiency and diabetes mellitus due to impaired insulin gene expression
    • Andreassen OA, Dedeoglu A, Stanojevic V, et al. Huntington's disease of the endocrine pancreas: insulin deficiency and diabetes mellitus due to impaired insulin gene expression. Neurobiol Dis 2002; 11: 410-24.
    • (2002) Neurobiol Dis , vol.11 , pp. 410-424
    • Andreassen, O.A.1    Dedeoglu, A.2    Stanojevic, V.3
  • 243
    • 0035969336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of R6/2 HD transgenic mice for therapeutic studies in Huntington's disease: Behavioral testing and impact of diabetes mellitus
    • Lüesse HG, Schiefer J, Spruenken A, et al. Evaluation of R6/2 HD transgenic mice for therapeutic studies in Huntington's disease: behavioral testing and impact of diabetes mellitus. Behav Brain Res 2001; 126: 185-95.
    • (2001) Behav Brain Res , vol.126 , pp. 185-195
    • Lüesse, H.G.1    Schiefer, J.2    Spruenken, A.3
  • 244
    • 0033009587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice transgenic for an expanded CAG repeat in the Huntington's disease gene develop diabetes
    • Hurlbert MS, Zhou W, Wasmeier C, et al. Mice transgenic for an expanded CAG repeat in the Huntington's disease gene develop diabetes. Diabetes 1999; 48: 649-51.
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 649-651
    • Hurlbert, M.S.1    Zhou, W.2    Wasmeier, C.3
  • 245
    • 20044392282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease develops diabetes due to deficient beta-cell mass and exocytosis
    • Björkqvist M, Fex M, Renström E, et al. The R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease develops diabetes due to deficient beta-cell mass and exocytosis. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14: 565-74.
    • (2005) Hum Mol Genet , vol.14 , pp. 565-574
    • Björkqvist, M.1    Fex, M.2    Renström, E.3
  • 246
    • 33745210300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Björkqvist M, Petersén A, Bacos K, et al. Progressive alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 15: 1713-21.
    • (2006) Hum Mol Genet , vol.15 , pp. 1713-1721
    • Björkqvist, M.1    Petersén, A.2    Bacos, K.3
  • 247
    • 0029166893 scopus 로고
    • Serum dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol measurements in Huntington's chorea
    • Leblhuber F, Peichl M, Neubauer C, et al. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol measurements in Huntington's chorea. J Neurol Sci 1995; 132: 76-9.
    • (1995) J Neurol Sci , vol.132 , pp. 76-79
    • Leblhuber, F.1    Peichl, M.2    Neubauer, C.3
  • 248
    • 0030991737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical peptide changes in Huntington's disease may be independent of striatal degeneration
    • Mazurek MF, Garside S, Beal MF. Cortical peptide changes in Huntington's disease may be independent of striatal degeneration. Ann Neurol 1997; 41: 540-7.
    • (1997) Ann Neurol , vol.41 , pp. 540-547
    • Mazurek, M.F.1    Garside, S.2    Beal, M.F.3
  • 249
    • 16344368831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma testosterone in male patients with Huntington's disease: Relations to severity of illness and dementia
    • Markianos M, Panas M, Kalfakis N, Vassilopoulos D. Plasma testosterone in male patients with Huntington's disease: relations to severity of illness and dementia. Ann Neurol 2005; 57: 520-5.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 520-525
    • Markianos, M.1    Panas, M.2    Kalfakis, N.3    Vassilopoulos, D.4
  • 250
    • 74549170912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone and ghrelin secretion are associated with clinical severity in Huntington's disease
    • Aziz NA, Pijl H, Frölich M, et al. Growth hormone and ghrelin secretion are associated with clinical severity in Huntington's disease. Eur J Neurol 2009; 17: 280-8.
    • (2009) Eur J Neurol , vol.17 , pp. 280-288
    • Aziz, N.A.1    Pijl, H.2    Frölich, M.3
  • 251
    • 0033082380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From lesions to leptin: Hypothalamic control of food intake and body weight
    • Elmquist JK, Elias CF, Saper CB. From lesions to leptin: hypothalamic control of food intake and body weight. Neuron 1999; 22: 221-32.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.22 , pp. 221-232
    • Elmquist, J.K.1    Elias, C.F.2    Saper, C.B.3
  • 252
    • 36249001659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript is increased in Huntington disease
    • Björkqvist M, Leavitt B, Nielsen J, et al. Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript is increased in Huntington disease. Movement Disorders 2007; 22: 1952-54.
    • (2007) Movement Disorders , vol.22 , pp. 1952-1954
    • Björkqvist, M.1    Leavitt, B.2    Nielsen, J.3
  • 253
    • 0025087726 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a defect in NADH:Ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) in Huntington's disease
    • Parker WD Jr, Boyson SJ, Luder AS, Parks JK. Evidence for a defect in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) in Huntington's disease. Neurology 1990; 40: 1231-4.
    • (1990) Neurology , vol.40
    • Parker Jr., W.D.1    Boyson, S.J.2    Luder, A.S.3    Parks, J.K.4
  • 254
    • 35348941757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical correlates of mitochondrial function in Huntington's disease muscle
    • Turner C, Cooper JM, Schapira AH. Clinical correlates of mitochondrial function in Huntington's disease muscle. Mov Disord 2007; 22: 1715-21.
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22 , pp. 1715-1721
    • Turner, C.1    Cooper, J.M.2    Schapira, A.H.3
  • 255
    • 32044473546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low stability of Huntington muscle mitochondria against Ca2+ in R6/2 mice
    • Gizatullina ZZ, Lindenberg KS, Harjes P, et al. Low stability of Huntington muscle mitochondria against Ca2+ in R6/2 mice. Ann Neurol 2006; 59: 407-11.
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 407-411
    • Gizatullina, Z.Z.1    Lindenberg, K.S.2    Harjes, P.3
  • 256
    • 33750975898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased apoptosis, Huntingtin inclusions and altered differentiation in muscle cell cultures from Huntington's disease subjects
    • Ciammola A, Sassone J, Alberti L, et al. Increased apoptosis, Huntingtin inclusions and altered differentiation in muscle cell cultures from Huntington's disease subjects. Cell Death Differ 2006; 13: 2068-78.
    • (2006) Cell Death Differ , vol.13 , pp. 2068-2078
    • Ciammola, A.1    Sassone, J.2    Alberti, L.3
  • 257
    • 31544446034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe ultrastructural mitochondrial changes in lymphoblasts homozygous for Huntington disease mutation
    • Squitieri F, Cannella M, Sgarbi G, et al. Severe ultrastructural mitochondrial changes in lymphoblasts homozygous for Huntington disease mutation. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127: 217-20.
    • (2006) Mech Ageing Dev , vol.127 , pp. 217-220
    • Squitieri, F.1    Cannella, M.2    Sgarbi, G.3
  • 258
    • 14244264746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ca2+-induced permeability transition in human lymphoblastoid cell mitochondria from normal and Huntington's disease individuals
    • Panov AV, Lund S, Greenamyre JT. Ca2+-induced permeability transition in human lymphoblastoid cell mitochondria from normal and Huntington's disease individuals. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 269(1-2): 143-52.
    • (2005) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.269 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 143-152
    • Panov, A.V.1    Lund, S.2    Greenamyre, J.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.