메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 271-310

Vitamin C, vitamin E, and βcarotene in cancer Chemoprevention

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 25444491719     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (2)

References (264)
  • 1
    • 0026701521 scopus 로고
    • Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: A review of the epidemiological evidence
    • Block, G., Patterson, B., and Subar, A., Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence, Nutr. Cancer, 18, 1, 1992.
    • (1992) Nutr. Cancer , vol.18 , pp. 1
    • Block, G.1    Patterson, B.2    Subar, A.3
  • 2
    • 0030411296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: A review
    • Steinmetz, K.A. and Potter, J.D., Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review, J. Am. Diet. Assoc., 96, 1027, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Am. Diet. Assoc. , vol.96 , pp. 1027
    • Steinmetz, K.A.1    Potter, J.D.2
  • 3
    • 0019422226 scopus 로고
    • Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates?
    • Peto, R., Doll, R., Buckley, J.D., and Sporn, M.B., Can dietary beta-carotene materially reduce human cancer rates?, Nature, 290, 201, 1981.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.290 , pp. 201
    • Peto, R.1    Doll, R.2    Buckley, J.D.3    Sporn, M.B.4
  • 4
    • 0027275148 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population
    • Blot, W.J., Li, J.Y., Taylor, P.R., Guo, W., Dawsey, S., Wang, G.Q., Yang, C.S., Zheng, S.F., Gail, M., Li, G.Y. et al., Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: supplementation with specific vitamin/mineral combinations, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality in the general population, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85, 1483, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.85 , pp. 1483
    • Blot, W.J.1    Li, J.Y.2    Taylor, P.R.3    Guo, W.4    Dawsey, S.5    Wang, G.Q.6    Yang, C.S.7    Zheng, S.F.8    Gail, M.9    Li, G.Y.10
  • 5
    • 0010607277 scopus 로고
    • Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group, The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers
    • The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group, The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers, New England J. Med., 330, 1029, 1994.
    • (1994) New England J. Med. , vol.330 , pp. 1029
  • 7
    • 0033590959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake
    • Levine, M., Rumsey, S.C., Daruwala, R., Park, J.B., and Wang, Y., Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake, JAMA, 281, 1415, 1999.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 1415
    • Levine, M.1    Rumsey, S.C.2    Daruwala, R.3    Park, J.B.4    Wang, Y.5
  • 9
    • 0032977279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a new recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C based on antioxidant and health effects in humans
    • Carr, A.C. and Frei, B., Toward a new recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C based on antioxidant and health effects in humans, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 69, 1086, 1999.
    • (1999) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.69 , pp. 1086
    • Carr, A.C.1    Frei, B.2
  • 11
    • 0033006542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation of lipoproteins: Implications for vitamin E as a potential antiatherogenic supplement
    • Upston, J.M., Terentis, A.C., and Stocker, R., Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation of lipoproteins:implications for vitamin E as a potential antiatherogenic supplement, FASEB J., 13, 977, 1999.
    • (1999) FASEB J. , vol.13 , pp. 977
    • Upston, J.M.1    Terentis, A.C.2    Stocker, R.3
  • 12
    • 0001580323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 9th ed., Shils, M., Olson, J.A., Shike, M., and Ross, A.C., Eds., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • Traber, M.G., Vitamin E, in Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed., Shils, M., Olson, J.A., Shike, M., and Ross, A.C., Eds., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999, p. 347.
    • (1999) Nutrition in Health and Disease , pp. 347
    • Traber, M.G.1    Vitamin, E.2
  • 13
    • 0031039880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiscrimination of alphatocopherol stereoisomers in humans after oral administration
    • Kiyose, C., Muramatsu, R., Kameyama, Y., Ueda, T., and Igarashi, O., Biodiscrimination of alphatocopherol stereoisomers in humans after oral administration, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 785, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 785
    • Kiyose, C.1    Muramatsu, R.2    Kameyama, Y.3    Ueda, T.4    Igarashi, O.5
  • 16
    • 0027251053 scopus 로고
    • The pecking order of free radicals and antioxidants: Lipid peroxidation, alphatocopherol, and ascorbate
    • Buettner, G.R., The pecking order of free radicals and antioxidants: lipid peroxidation, alphatocopherol, and ascorbate, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 300, 535, 1993.
    • (1993) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.300 , pp. 535
    • Buettner, G.R.1
  • 18
    • 0022578079 scopus 로고
    • Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol concentrations in human serum
    • Behrens, W.A. and Madere, R., Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol concentrations in human serum, J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 5, 91, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Am. Coll. Nutr. , vol.5 , pp. 91
    • Behrens, W.A.1    Madere, R.2
  • 19
    • 0036889813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gammatocopherol supplementation inhibits protein nitration and ascorbate oxidation in rats with inflammation
    • Jiang, Q., Lykkesfeldt, J., Shigenaga, M.K., Shigeno, E.T., Christen, S., and Ames, B.N., Gammatocopherol supplementation inhibits protein nitration and ascorbate oxidation in rats with inflammation, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 33, 1534, 2002.
    • (2002) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.33 , pp. 1534
    • Jiang, Q.1    Lykkesfeldt, J.2    Shigenaga, M.K.3    Shigeno, E.T.4    Christen, S.5    Ames, B.N.6
  • 20
    • 0035185941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention
    • Jiang, Q., Christen, S., Shigenaga, M.K., and Ames, B.N., Gamma-tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 714, 2001.
    • (2001) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.74 , pp. 714
    • Jiang, Q.1    Christen, S.2    Shigenaga, M.K.3    Ames, B.N.4
  • 21
    • 0000896310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A and carotenoids
    • 8th ed., Bowman, B.A. and Russell, R.M., Eds., ILSI Press, Washington, DC
    • Solomons, N.W., Vitamin A and carotenoids, in Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 8th ed., Bowman, B.A. and Russell, R.M., Eds., ILSI Press, Washington, DC, 2001, p. 127.
    • (2001) Present Knowledge in Nutrition , pp. 127
    • Solomons, N.W.1
  • 22
    • 79551542323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Medicine, Beta-carotene and other carotenoids
    • National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, Beta-carotene and other carotenoids, in Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2000, pp. 325.
    • (2000) Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids , pp. 325
  • 23
    • 0021362463 scopus 로고
    • Beta-carotene: An unusual type of lipid antioxidant
    • Burton, G.W. and Ingold, K.U., Beta-carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant, Science, 224, 569, 1984.
    • (1984) Science , vol.224 , pp. 569
    • Burton, G.W.1    Ingold, K.U.2
  • 24
    • 0032442246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antioxidant and biological properties of the carotenoids
    • Krinsky, N.I., The antioxidant and biological properties of the carotenoids, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 854, 443, 1998.
    • (1998) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.854 , pp. 443
    • Krinsky, N.I.1
  • 25
    • 0028793741 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative modification and antioxidant protection of human low density lipoprotein at high and low oxygen partial pressures
    • Hatta, A. and Frei, B., Oxidative modification and antioxidant protection of human low density lipoprotein at high and low oxygen partial pressures, J. Lipid Res., 36, 2383, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Lipid Res. , vol.36 , pp. 2383
    • Hatta, A.1    Frei, B.2
  • 26
    • 0031568853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant actions of beta-carotene in liposomal and microsomal membranes: Role of carotenoid-membrane incorporation and alpha-tocopherol
    • Liebler, D.C., Stratton, S.P., and Kaysen, K.L., Antioxidant actions of beta-carotene in liposomal and microsomal membranes: role of carotenoid-membrane incorporation and alpha-tocopherol, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 338, 244, 1997.
    • (1997) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.338 , pp. 244
    • Liebler, D.C.1    Stratton, S.P.2    Kaysen, K.L.3
  • 28
    • 0028961836 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced resistance to oxidation of low density lipoproteins and decreased lipid peroxide formation during beta-carotene supplementation in cystic fibrosis
    • Winklhofer-Roob, B.M., Puhl, H., Khoschsorur, G., van’t Hof, M.A., Esterbauer, H., and Shmerling, D.H., Enhanced resistance to oxidation of low density lipoproteins and decreased lipid peroxide formation during beta-carotene supplementation in cystic fibrosis, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 18, 849, 1995.
    • (1995) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.18 , pp. 849
    • Winklhofer-Roob, B.M.1    Puhl, H.2    Khoschsorur, G.3    van’t Hof, M.A.4    Esterbauer, H.5    Shmerling, D.H.6
  • 29
    • 0034064392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta carotene: From biochemistry to clinical trials
    • Pryor, W.A., Stahl, W., and Rock, C.L., Beta carotene: from biochemistry to clinical trials, Nutr. Rev., 58, 39, 2000.
    • (2000) Nutr. Rev. , vol.58 , pp. 39
    • Pryor, W.A.1    Stahl, W.2    Rock, C.L.3
  • 30
    • 0011265871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet and oxidative damage to DNA: The importance of ascorbate as an antioxidant
    • Packer, L. and Fuchs, J., Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York
    • Woodall, A.A. and Ames, B.N., Diet and oxidative damage to DNA: the importance of ascorbate as an antioxidant, in Vitamin C in Health and Disease, Packer, L. and Fuchs, J., Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1997, pp. 193.
    • (1997) Vitamin C in Health and Disease , pp. 193
    • Woodall, A.A.1    Ames, B.N.2
  • 31
    • 0030049032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage to DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: Role in inflammatory disease and progression to cancer
    • Wiseman, H. and Halliwell, B., Damage to DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: role in inflammatory disease and progression to cancer, Biochem. J., 313 (Pt. 1), 17, 1996.
    • (1996) Biochem. J. , vol.313 , pp. 17
    • Wiseman, H.1    Halliwell, B.2
  • 32
    • 0027171266 scopus 로고
    • Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging
    • Ames, B.N., Shigenaga, M.K., and Hagen, T.M., Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 7915, 1993.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 7915
    • Ames, B.N.1    Shigenaga, M.K.2    Hagen, T.M.3
  • 33
    • 0033103644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative DNA damage, antioxidants, and cancer
    • Collins, A.R., Oxidative DNA damage, antioxidants, and cancer, Bioessays, 21, 238, 1999.
    • (1999) Bioessays , vol.21 , pp. 238
    • Collins, A.R.1
  • 34
    • 0035906337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C and genomic stability
    • Halliwell, B., Vitamin C and genomic stability, Mutat. Res., 475, 29, 2001.
    • (2001) Mutat. Res. , vol.475 , pp. 29
    • Halliwell, B.1
  • 35
    • 0031428463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung
    • Asami, S., Manabe, H., Miyake, J., Tsurudome, Y., Hirano, T., Yamaguchi, R., Itoh, H., and Kasai, H., Cigarette smoking induces an increase in oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in a central site of the human lung, Carcinogenesis, 18, 1763, 1997.
    • (1997) Carcinogenesis , vol.18 , pp. 1763
    • Asami, S.1    Manabe, H.2    Miyake, J.3    Tsurudome, Y.4    Hirano, T.5    Yamaguchi, R.6    Itoh, H.7    Kasai, H.8
  • 36
    • 0032461796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative DNA damage in vivo: Relationship to age, plasma antioxidants, drug metabolism, glutathione-S-transferase activity and urinary creatinine excretion
    • Poulsen, H.E., Loft, S., Prieme, H., Vistisen, K., Lykkesfeldt, J., Nyyssonen, K., and Salonen, J.T., Oxidative DNA damage in vivo: relationship to age, plasma antioxidants, drug metabolism, glutathione-S-transferase activity and urinary creatinine excretion, Free Radic. Res., 29, 565, 1998.
    • (1998) Free Radic. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 565
    • Poulsen, H.E.1    Loft, S.2    Prieme, H.3    Vistisen, K.4    Lykkesfeldt, J.5    Nyyssonen, K.6    Salonen, J.T.7
  • 37
    • 0032462852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can oxidative DNA damage be used as a biomarker of cancer risk in humans? Problems, resolutions and preliminary results from nutritional supplementation studies
    • Halliwell, B., Can oxidative DNA damage be used as a biomarker of cancer risk in humans? Problems, resolutions and preliminary results from nutritional supplementation studies, Free Radic. Res., 29, 469, 1998.
    • (1998) Free Radic. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 469
    • Halliwell, B.1
  • 38
    • 0034522752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant intervention studies related to DNA damage, DNA repair and gene expression
    • Loft, S. and Poulsen, H.E., Antioxidant intervention studies related to DNA damage, DNA repair and gene expression, Free Radic. Res., 33 Suppl., S67, 2000.
    • (2000) Free Radic. Res. , vol.33 , pp. S67
    • Loft, S.1    Poulsen, H.E.2
  • 40
    • 0037114861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress in the analysis of urinary oxidative DNA damage
    • Cooke, M.S., Lunec, J., and Evans, M.D., Progress in the analysis of urinary oxidative DNA damage, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 33, 1601, 2002.
    • (2002) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.33 , pp. 1601
    • Cooke, M.S.1    Lunec, J.2    Evans, M.D.3
  • 41
    • 0033064207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione and ascorbate are negatively correlated with oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Lenton, K.J., Therriault, H., Fulop, T., Payette, H., and Wagner, J.R., Glutathione and ascorbate are negatively correlated with oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes, Carcinogenesis, 20, 607, 1999.
    • (1999) Carcinogenesis , vol.20 , pp. 607
    • Lenton, K.J.1    Therriault, H.2    Fulop, T.3    Payette, H.4    Wagner, J.R.5
  • 46
    • 0027074364 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion in humans: Influence of smoking, gender and body mass index
    • Loft, S., Vistisen, K., Ewertz, M., Tjonneland, A., Overvad, K., and Poulsen, H.E., Oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion in humans: influence of smoking, gender and body mass index, Carcinogenesis, 13, 2241, 1992.
    • (1992) Carcinogenesis , vol.13 , pp. 2241
    • Loft, S.1    Vistisen, K.2    Ewertz, M.3    Tjonneland, A.4    Overvad, K.5    Poulsen, H.E.6
  • 47
    • 0033941891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on oxidative DNA damage: Results from a randomized controlled trial
    • Huang, H.Y., Helzlsouer, K.J., and Appel, L.J., The effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on oxidative DNA damage: results from a randomized controlled trial, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 9, 647, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. , vol.9 , pp. 647
    • Huang, H.Y.1    Helzlsouer, K.J.2    Appel, L.J.3
  • 48
    • 0037219069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The LiVicordia study: Lower serum levels of beta-carotene in Lithuanian men are accompanied by higher urinary excretion of the oxidative DNA adduct, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine
    • Kristenson, M., Kucinskiene, Z., Schafer-Elinder, L., Leanderson, P., and Tagesson, C., The LiVicordia study: lower serum levels of beta-carotene in Lithuanian men are accompanied by higher urinary excretion of the oxidative DNA adduct, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Nutrition, 19, 11, 2003.
    • (2003) Nutrition , vol.19 , pp. 11
    • Kristenson, M.1    Kucinskiene, Z.2    Schafer-Elinder, L.3    Leanderson, P.4    Tagesson, C.5
  • 49
    • 0032561297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of oxidative DNA damage, 8-OHdG, and carbonyl contents in smokers treated with antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and red ginseng)
    • Lee, B.M., Lee, S.K., and Kim, H.S., Inhibition of oxidative DNA damage, 8-OHdG, and carbonyl contents in smokers treated with antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and red ginseng), Cancer Lett., 132, 219, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Lett. , vol.132 , pp. 219
    • Lee, B.M.1    Lee, S.K.2    Kim, H.S.3
  • 51
    • 0031734987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress induced by environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace is mitigated by antioxidant supplementation
    • Howard, D.J., Ota, R.B., Briggs, L.A., Hampton, M., and Pritsos, C.A., Oxidative stress induced by environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace is mitigated by antioxidant supplementation, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 7, 981, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. , vol.7 , pp. 981
    • Howard, D.J.1    Ota, R.B.2    Briggs, L.A.3    Hampton, M.4    Pritsos, C.A.5
  • 58
    • 0030977245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No effect of supplementation with vitamin E, ascorbic acid, or coenzyme Q10 on oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-oxo-7,8- dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine excretion in smokers
    • Prieme, H., Loft, S., Nyyssonen, K., Salonen, J.T., and Poulsen, H.E., No effect of supplementation with vitamin E, ascorbic acid, or coenzyme Q10 on oxidative DNA damage estimated by 8-oxo-7,8- dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine excretion in smokers, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 503, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 503
    • Prieme, H.1    Loft, S.2    Nyyssonen, K.3    Salonen, J.T.4    Poulsen, H.E.5
  • 60
    • 0028985456 scopus 로고
    • No influence of beta carotene on oxidative DNA damage in male smokers
    • van Poppel, G., Poulsen, H., Loft, S., and Verhagen, H., No influence of beta carotene on oxidative DNA damage in male smokers, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 87, 310, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.87 , pp. 310
    • van Poppel, G.1    Poulsen, H.2    Loft, S.3    Verhagen, H.4
  • 61
    • 0031446604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a single bout of exercise and beta-carotene supplementation on the urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine in humans
    • Sumida, S., Doi, T., Sakurai, M., Yoshioka, Y., and Okamura, K., Effect of a single bout of exercise and beta-carotene supplementation on the urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine in humans, Free Radic. Res., 27, 607, 1997.
    • (1997) Free Radic. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 607
    • Sumida, S.1    Doi, T.2    Sakurai, M.3    Yoshioka, Y.4    Okamura, K.5
  • 62
    • 0026594673 scopus 로고
    • Exercise, oxidative damage and effects of antioxidant manipulation
    • Witt, E.H., Reznick, A.Z., Viguie, C.A., Starke-Reed, P., and Packer, L., Exercise, oxidative damage and effects of antioxidant manipulation, J. Nutr., 122, 766, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Nutr. , vol.122 , pp. 766
    • Witt, E.H.1    Reznick, A.Z.2    Viguie, C.A.3    Starke-Reed, P.4    Packer, L.5
  • 63
    • 0028147174 scopus 로고
    • Effect of diet and vitamin C on DNA strand breakage in freshly isolated human white blood cells
    • Green, M.H., Lowe, J.E., Waugh, A.P., Aldridge, K.E., Cole, J., and Arlett, C.F., Effect of diet and vitamin C on DNA strand breakage in freshly isolated human white blood cells, Mutat. Res., 316, 91, 1994.
    • (1994) Mutat. Res. , vol.316 , pp. 91
    • Green, M.H.1    Lowe, J.E.2    Waugh, A.P.3    Aldridge, K.E.4    Cole, J.5    Arlett, C.F.6
  • 64
    • 0031470329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex vivo assessment of lymphocyte antioxidant status using the Comet assay
    • Panayiotidis, M. and Collins, A.R., Ex vivo assessment of lymphocyte antioxidant status using the Comet assay, Free Radic. Res., 27, 533, 1997.
    • (1997) Free Radic. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 533
    • Panayiotidis, M.1    Collins, A.R.2
  • 65
    • 0033843823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of vitamin C or vitamin E supplementation on basal and H2O2-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Brennan, L.A., Morris, G.M., Wasson, G.R., Hannigan, B.M., and Barnett, Y.A., The effect of vitamin C or vitamin E supplementation on basal and H2O2-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes, Br. J. Nutr., 84, 195, 2000.
    • (2000) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.84 , pp. 195
    • Brennan, L.A.1    Morris, G.M.2    Wasson, G.R.3    Hannigan, B.M.4    Barnett, Y.A.5
  • 66
    • 0029998738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Duthie, S.J., Ma, A., Ross, M.A., and Collins, A.R., Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes, Cancer Res., 56, 1291, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Res. , vol.56 , pp. 1291
    • Duthie, S.J.1    Ma, A.2    Ross, M.A.3    Collins, A.R.4
  • 67
    • 0030859382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of vitamin C supplementation on biomarkers of oxygen radical generated damage in human volunteers with “low” or “high” cholesterol levels
    • Anderson, D., Phillips, B.J., Yu, T.W., Edwards, A.J., Ayesh, R., and Butterworth, K.R., The effects of vitamin C supplementation on biomarkers of oxygen radical generated damage in human volunteers with “low” or “high” cholesterol levels, Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 30, 161, 1997.
    • (1997) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.30 , pp. 161
    • Anderson, D.1    Phillips, B.J.2    Yu, T.W.3    Edwards, A.J.4    Ayesh, R.5    Butterworth, K.R.6
  • 68
    • 0032884831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E supplementation and oxidative damage to DNA and plasma LDL in type 1 diabetes
    • Astley, S., Langrish-Smith, A., Southon, S., and Sampson, M., Vitamin E supplementation and oxidative damage to DNA and plasma LDL in type 1 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 22, 1626, 1999.
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 1626
    • Astley, S.1    Langrish-Smith, A.2    Southon, S.3    Sampson, M.4
  • 70
    • 0032764519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of increased intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E on DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Jenkinson, A.M., Collins, A.R., Duthie, S.J., Wahle, K.W., and Duthie, G.G., The effect of increased intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E on DNA damage in human lymphocytes, FASEB J., 13, 2138, 1999.
    • (1999) FASEB J. , vol.13 , pp. 2138
    • Jenkinson, A.M.1    Collins, A.R.2    Duthie, S.J.3    Wahle, K.W.4    Duthie, G.G.5
  • 71
    • 0031418203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption of vegetables reduces genetic damage in humans: First results of a human intervention trial with carotenoid-rich foods
    • Pool-Zobel, B.L., Bub, A., Muller, H., Wollowski, I., and Rechkemmer, G., Consumption of vegetables reduces genetic damage in humans: first results of a human intervention trial with carotenoid-rich foods, Carcinogenesis, 18, 1847, 1997.
    • (1997) Carcinogenesis , vol.18 , pp. 1847
    • Pool-Zobel, B.L.1    Bub, A.2    Muller, H.3    Wollowski, I.4    Rechkemmer, G.5
  • 72
    • 0030778910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approaches to cancer prevention based on an understanding of N-nitrosamine carcinogenesis
    • Hecht, S.S., Approaches to cancer prevention based on an understanding of N-nitrosamine carcinogenesis, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 216, 181, 1997.
    • (1997) Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. , vol.216 , pp. 181
    • Hecht, S.S.1
  • 73
    • 0029071838 scopus 로고
    • Role of N-nitroso compounds (NOC) and N-nitrosation in etiology of gastric, esophageal, nasopharyngeal and bladder cancer and contribution to cancer of known exposures to NOC
    • Mirvish, S.S., Role of N-nitroso compounds (NOC) and N-nitrosation in etiology of gastric, esophageal, nasopharyngeal and bladder cancer and contribution to cancer of known exposures to NOC, Cancer Lett., 93, 17, 1995.
    • (1995) Cancer Lett. , vol.93 , pp. 17
    • Mirvish, S.S.1
  • 74
  • 75
    • 8944241770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: Effect of antibiotics and antioxidants
    • Mannick, E.E., Bravo, L.E., Zarama, G., Realpe, J.L., Zhang, X.J., Ruiz, B., Fontham, E.T., Mera, R., Miller, M.J., and Correa, P., Inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitrotyrosine, and apoptosis in Helicobacter pylori gastritis: effect of antibiotics and antioxidants, Cancer Res., 56, 3238, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Res. , vol.56 , pp. 3238
    • Mannick, E.E.1    Bravo, L.E.2    Zarama, G.3    Realpe, J.L.4    Zhang, X.J.5    Ruiz, B.6    Fontham, E.T.7    Mera, R.8    Miller, M.J.9    Correa, P.10
  • 76
    • 0023280207 scopus 로고
    • Influence of ascorbic acid dose on N-nitrosoproline formation in humans
    • Leaf, C.D., Vecchio, A.J., Roe, D.A., and Hotchkiss, J.H., Influence of ascorbic acid dose on N-nitrosoproline formation in humans, Carcinogenesis, 8, 791, 1987.
    • (1987) Carcinogenesis , vol.8 , pp. 791
    • Leaf, C.D.1    Vecchio, A.J.2    Roe, D.A.3    Hotchkiss, J.H.4
  • 78
    • 0022521469 scopus 로고
    • Effects of vitamins C and E on N-nitroso compound formation, carcinogenesis, and cancer
    • Mirvish, S.S., Effects of vitamins C and E on N-nitroso compound formation, carcinogenesis, and cancer, Cancer, 58, 1842, 1986.
    • (1986) Cancer , vol.58 , pp. 1842
    • Mirvish, S.S.1
  • 79
    • 0032877668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysregulation of apoptosis in cancer
    • Reed, J.C., Dysregulation of apoptosis in cancer, J. Clin. Oncol., 17, 2941, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Clin. Oncol. , vol.17 , pp. 2941
    • Reed, J.C.1
  • 80
    • 0034253463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of redox-regulated transcription factors in inflammation, aging and age-related diseases
    • Lavrovsky, Y., Chatterjee, B., Clark, R.A., and Roy, A.K., Role of redox-regulated transcription factors in inflammation, aging and age-related diseases, Exp. Gerontol., 35, 521, 2000.
    • (2000) Exp. Gerontol. , vol.35 , pp. 521
    • Lavrovsky, Y.1    Chatterjee, B.2    Clark, R.A.3    Roy, A.K.4
  • 81
    • 0032931840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbic acid-dehydroascorbate induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M DNA damage checkpoint during oxidative stress
    • Bijur, G.N., Briggs, B., Hitchcock, C.L., and Williams, M.V., Ascorbic acid-dehydroascorbate induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M DNA damage checkpoint during oxidative stress, Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 33, 144, 1999.
    • (1999) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.33 , pp. 144
    • Bijur, G.N.1    Briggs, B.2    Hitchcock, C.L.3    Williams, M.V.4
  • 82
    • 0034806033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C augments chemotherapeutic response of cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by stabilizing P53
    • Reddy, V.G., Khanna, N., and Singh, N., Vitamin C augments chemotherapeutic response of cervical carcinoma HeLa cells by stabilizing P53, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 282, 409, 2001.
    • (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.282 , pp. 409
    • Reddy, V.G.1    Khanna, N.2    Singh, N.3
  • 83
    • 0035054387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient DNA mismatch repair: A common etiologic factor for colon cancer
    • Peltomaki, P., Deficient DNA mismatch repair: a common etiologic factor for colon cancer, Hum. Mol. Genet., 10, 735, 2001.
    • (2001) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.10 , pp. 735
    • Peltomaki, P.1
  • 85
    • 0034190297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress
    • Gopalakrishna, R. and Jaken, S., Protein kinase C signaling and oxidative stress, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 28, 1349, 2000.
    • (2000) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.28 , pp. 1349
    • Gopalakrishna, R.1    Jaken, S.2
  • 87
    • 0029417282 scopus 로고
    • D-Alpha-tocopherol inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation occurs at physiological concentrations, correlates with protein kinase C inhibition, and is independent of its antioxidant properties
    • Tasinato, A., Boscoboinik, D., Bartoli, G.M., Maroni, P., and Azzi, A., d-Alpha-tocopherol inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation occurs at physiological concentrations, correlates with protein kinase C inhibition, and is independent of its antioxidant properties, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 12190, 1995.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 12190
    • Tasinato, A.1    Boscoboinik, D.2    Bartoli, G.M.3    Maroni, P.4    Azzi, A.5
  • 88
    • 0030905345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of alpha-tocopherol on the synthesis, phosphorylation and activity of protein kinase C in smooth muscle cells after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulation
    • Clement, S., Tasinato, A., Boscoboinik, D., and Azzi, A., The effect of alpha-tocopherol on the synthesis, phosphorylation and activity of protein kinase C in smooth muscle cells after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate down-regulation, Eur. J. Biochem., 246, 745, 1997.
    • (1997) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.246 , pp. 745
    • Clement, S.1    Tasinato, A.2    Boscoboinik, D.3    Azzi, A.4
  • 89
    • 0032528866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-Tocopherol specifically inactivates cellular protein kinase C alpha by changing its phosphorylation state
    • Ricciarelli, R., Tasinato, A., Clement, S., Ozer, N.K., Boscoboinik, D., and Azzi, A., alpha-Tocopherol specifically inactivates cellular protein kinase C alpha by changing its phosphorylation state, Biochem. J., 334 (Pt. 1), 243, 1998.
    • (1998) Biochem. J. , vol.334 , pp. 243
    • Ricciarelli, R.1    Tasinato, A.2    Clement, S.3    Ozer, N.K.4    Boscoboinik, D.5    Azzi, A.6
  • 91
    • 0032769850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids and gene regulation
    • Bertram, J.S., Carotenoids and gene regulation, Nutr. Rev., 57, 182, 1999.
    • (1999) Nutr. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 182
    • Bertram, J.S.1
  • 92
    • 0033040252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary carotenoids and lung cancer: A review of recent research
    • Cooper, D.A., Eldridge, A.L., and Peters, J.C., Dietary carotenoids and lung cancer: a review of recent research, Nutr. Rev., 57, 133, 1999.
    • (1999) Nutr. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 133
    • Cooper, D.A.1    Eldridge, A.L.2    Peters, J.C.3
  • 93
    • 0031418651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological activities of natural and synthetic carotenoids: Induction of gap junctional communication and singlet oxygen quenching
    • Stahl, W., Nicolai, S., Briviba, K., Hanusch, M., Broszeit, G., Peters, M., Martin, H.D., and Sies, H., Biological activities of natural and synthetic carotenoids: induction of gap junctional communication and singlet oxygen quenching, Carcinogenesis, 18, 89, 1997.
    • (1997) Carcinogenesis , vol.18 , pp. 89
    • Stahl, W.1    Nicolai, S.2    Briviba, K.3    Hanusch, M.4    Broszeit, G.5    Peters, M.6    Martin, H.D.7    Sies, H.8
  • 94
    • 0030581604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of growth inhibition or enhancement of gap junctional intercellular communication and connexin43 expression by beta-carotene in murine lung epithelial cells in vitro
    • Banoub, R.W., Fernstrom, M., and Ruch, R.J., Lack of growth inhibition or enhancement of gap junctional intercellular communication and connexin43 expression by beta-carotene in murine lung epithelial cells in vitro, Cancer Lett., 108, 35, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Lett. , vol.108 , pp. 35
    • Banoub, R.W.1    Fernstrom, M.2    Ruch, R.J.3
  • 95
    • 0031472033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential dose-dependent effects of alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene on gap-junctional intercellular communication in rat liver in vivo
    • Krutovskikh, V., Asamoto, M., Takasuka, N., Murakoshi, M., Nishino, H., and Tsuda, H., Differential dose-dependent effects of alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene on gap-junctional intercellular communication in rat liver in vivo, Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 88, 1121, 1997.
    • (1997) Jpn. J. Cancer Res. , vol.88 , pp. 1121
    • Krutovskikh, V.1    Asamoto, M.2    Takasuka, N.3    Murakoshi, M.4    Nishino, H.5    Tsuda, H.6
  • 98
    • 0032584610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement by several antioxidants of macrophage function in vitro
    • Del Rio, M., Ruedas, G., Medina, S., Victor, V.M., and De la Fuente, M., Improvement by several antioxidants of macrophage function in vitro, Life Sci., 63, 871, 1998.
    • (1998) Life Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 871
    • Del Rio, M.1    Ruedas, G.2    Medina, S.3    Victor, V.M.4    De la Fuente, M.5
  • 99
    • 0033603026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbic acid is a potent inhibitor of various forms of T cell apoptosis
    • Campbell, J.D., Cole, M., Bunditrutavorn, B., and Vella, A.T., Ascorbic acid is a potent inhibitor of various forms of T cell apoptosis, Cell. Immunol., 194, 1, 1999.
    • (1999) Cell. Immunol. , vol.194 , pp. 1
    • Campbell, J.D.1    Cole, M.2    Bunditrutavorn, B.3    Vella, A.T.4
  • 100
    • 0034201038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer-induced defective cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector function: Another mechanism how antigenic tumors escape immune-mediated killing
    • Radoja, S. and Frey, A.B., Cancer-induced defective cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector function: another mechanism how antigenic tumors escape immune-mediated killing, Mol. Med., 6, 465, 2000.
    • (2000) Mol. Med. , vol.6 , pp. 465
    • Radoja, S.1    Frey, A.B.2
  • 101
    • 0033913693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered mechanisms of apoptosis in colon cancer: Fas resistance and counterattack in the tumor-immune conflict
    • O’Connell, J., Bennett, M.W., Nally, K., Houston, A., O’Sullivan, G.C., and Shanahan, F., Altered mechanisms of apoptosis in colon cancer: Fas resistance and counterattack in the tumor-immune conflict, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 910, 178, 2000.
    • (2000) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.910 , pp. 178
    • O’Connell, J.1    Bennett, M.W.2    Nally, K.3    Houston, A.4    O’Sullivan, G.C.5    Shanahan, F.6
  • 103
    • 0018866024 scopus 로고
    • The effects of increasing weekly doses of ascorbate on certain cellular and humoral immune functions in normal volunteers
    • Anderson, R., Oosthuizen, R., Maritz, R., Theron, A., and Van Rensburg, A.J., The effects of increasing weekly doses of ascorbate on certain cellular and humoral immune functions in normal volunteers, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 33, 71, 1980.
    • (1980) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.33 , pp. 71
    • Anderson, R.1    Oosthuizen, R.2    Maritz, R.3    Theron, A.4    Van Rensburg, A.J.5
  • 104
    • 0020019617 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of certain immunologic responses by vitamin C, III: Potentiation of in vitro and in vivo lymphocyte responses
    • Panush, R.S., Delafuente, J.C., Katz, P., and Johnson, J., Modulation of certain immunologic responses by vitamin C, III: potentiation of in vitro and in vivo lymphocyte responses, Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. Suppl., 23, 35, 1982.
    • (1982) Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. Suppl. , vol.23 , pp. 35
    • Panush, R.S.1    Delafuente, J.C.2    Katz, P.3    Johnson, J.4
  • 105
    • 0030844971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of natural killer cell activity and T and B cell function by buffered vitamin C in patients exposed to toxic chemicals: The role of protein kinase-C
    • Heuser, G. and Vojdani, A., Enhancement of natural killer cell activity and T and B cell function by buffered vitamin C in patients exposed to toxic chemicals: the role of protein kinase-C, Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol., 19, 291, 1997.
    • (1997) Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. , vol.19 , pp. 291
    • Heuser, G.1    Vojdani, A.2
  • 106
    • 0033817455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidants, cytokines, and influenza infection in aged mice and elderly humans
    • Han, S.N. and Meydani, S.N., Antioxidants, cytokines, and influenza infection in aged mice and elderly humans, J. Infect. Dis., 182 (Suppl. 1), S74, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.182 , pp. S74
    • Han, S.N.1    Meydani, S.N.2
  • 109
    • 17144368528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E and enhancement of the immune response in the aged: Cellular and molecular mechanisms
    • Packer, L., Traber, M.G., Kramer, K., and Frei, B., Eds., AOCS Press, Champaign, IL
    • Han, S.N., Adolfsson, O., and Meydani, S.N., Vitamin E and enhancement of the immune response in the aged: cellular and molecular mechanisms, in The Antioxidant Vitamins C and E, Packer, L., Traber, M.G., Kramer, K., and Frei, B., Eds., AOCS Press, Champaign, IL, 2002, pp. 216.
    • (2002) The Antioxidant Vitamins C and E , pp. 216
    • Han, S.N.1    Adolfsson, O.2    Meydani, S.N.3
  • 110
    • 0037087203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of vitamin E inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity in macrophages from old mice: Role of peroxynitrite
    • Beharka, A.A., Wu, D., Serafini, M., and Meydani, S.N., Mechanism of vitamin E inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity in macrophages from old mice: role of peroxynitrite, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 32, 503, 2002.
    • (2002) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.32 , pp. 503
    • Beharka, A.A.1    Wu, D.2    Serafini, M.3    Meydani, S.N.4
  • 111
    • 0034633629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-tocopherol and its major metabolite, in contrast to alpha-tocopherol, inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in macrophages and epithelial cells
    • Jiang, Q., Elson-Schwab, I., Courtemanche, C., and Ames, B.N., Gamma-tocopherol and its major metabolite, in contrast to alpha-tocopherol, inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in macrophages and epithelial cells, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 11494, 2000.
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 11494
    • Jiang, Q.1    Elson-Schwab, I.2    Courtemanche, C.3    Ames, B.N.4
  • 112
    • 0000553729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin A and retinoids
    • 9th ed., Shils, M., Olson, J.A., Shike, M., and Ross, A.C., Eds., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
    • Ross, A.C., Vitamin A and retinoids, in Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed., Shils, M., Olson, J.A., Shike, M., and Ross, A.C., Eds., Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1999, p. 305.
    • (1999) Nutrition in Health and Disease , pp. 305
    • Ross, A.C.1
  • 113
    • 0033843199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-carotene fails to act as a tumor promoter, induces RAR expression, and prevents carcinoma formation in a two-stage model of skin carcinogenesis in male Sencar mice
    • Ponnamperuma, R.M., Shimizu, Y., Kirchhof, S.M., and De Luca, L.M., Beta-carotene fails to act as a tumor promoter, induces RAR expression, and prevents carcinoma formation in a two-stage model of skin carcinogenesis in male Sencar mice, Nutr. Cancer, 37, 82, 2000.
    • (2000) Nutr. Cancer , vol.37 , pp. 82
    • Ponnamperuma, R.M.1    Shimizu, Y.2    Kirchhof, S.M.3    De Luca, L.M.4
  • 114
    • 0027223528 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of dietary betacarotene on papilloma and carcinoma formation induced by an initiation-promotion protocol in SENCAR mouse skin
    • Chen, L.C., Sly, L., Jones, C.S., Tarone, R., and De Luca, L.M., Differential effects of dietary betacarotene on papilloma and carcinoma formation induced by an initiation-promotion protocol in SENCAR mouse skin, Carcinogenesis, 14, 713, 1993.
    • (1993) Carcinogenesis , vol.14 , pp. 713
    • Chen, L.C.1    Sly, L.2    Jones, C.S.3    Tarone, R.4    De Luca, L.M.5
  • 115
    • 0023423596 scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids affect development of UV-B induced skin cancer
    • Mathews-Roth, M.M. and Krinsky, N.I., Carotenoids affect development of UV-B induced skin cancer, Photochem. Photobiol., 46, 507, 1987.
    • (1987) Photochem. Photobiol. , vol.46 , pp. 507
    • Mathews-Roth, M.M.1    Krinsky, N.I.2
  • 116
    • 0033637294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet potentiates the UV-carcinogenic response to betacarotene
    • Black, H.S., Okotie-Eboh, G., and Gerguis, J., Diet potentiates the UV-carcinogenic response to betacarotene, Nutr. Cancer, 37, 173, 2000.
    • (2000) Nutr. Cancer , vol.37 , pp. 173
    • Black, H.S.1    Okotie-Eboh, G.2    Gerguis, J.3
  • 118
    • 0027287613 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E is a complete tumor promoter in mouse skin
    • Mitchel, R.E. and McCann, R., Vitamin E is a complete tumor promoter in mouse skin, Carcinogenesis, 14, 659, 1993.
    • (1993) Carcinogenesis , vol.14 , pp. 659
    • Mitchel, R.E.1    McCann, R.2
  • 119
    • 0033914008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of vitamins C and E as chemopreventive agents in the hamster cheek pouch treated with the oral carcinogen-DMBA
    • Sawant, S.S. and Kandarkar, S.V., Role of vitamins C and E as chemopreventive agents in the hamster cheek pouch treated with the oral carcinogen-DMBA, Oral. Dis., 6, 241, 2000.
    • (2000) Oral. Dis. , vol.6 , pp. 241
    • Sawant, S.S.1    Kandarkar, S.V.2
  • 120
    • 0024808996 scopus 로고
    • Prevention and inhibition of oral cancer in the hamster buccal pouch model associated with carotenoid immune enhancement
    • Schwartz, J.L., Sloane, D., and Shklar, G., Prevention and inhibition of oral cancer in the hamster buccal pouch model associated with carotenoid immune enhancement, Tumour Biol., 10, 297, 1989.
    • (1989) Tumour Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 297
    • Schwartz, J.L.1    Sloane, D.2    Shklar, G.3
  • 121
    • 0024447349 scopus 로고
    • Regression of experimental cancer by oral administration of combined alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene
    • Shklar, G., Schwartz, J., Trickler, D., and Reid, S., Regression of experimental cancer by oral administration of combined alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene, Nutr. Cancer, 12, 321, 1989.
    • (1989) Nutr. Cancer , vol.12 , pp. 321
    • Shklar, G.1    Schwartz, J.2    Trickler, D.3    Reid, S.4
  • 123
    • 0031983778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effects of betacarotene, palm carotene, and green tea polyphenols on pancreatic carcinogenesis initiated by Nnitorsobis (2-oxopropyl)amine in Syrian golden hamsters
    • Majima, T., Tsutsumi, M., Nishino, H., Tsunoda, T., and Konishi, Y., Inhibitory effects of betacarotene, palm carotene, and green tea polyphenols on pancreatic carcinogenesis initiated by Nnitorsobis (2-oxopropyl)amine in Syrian golden hamsters, Pancreas, 16, 13, 1998.
    • (1998) Pancreas , vol.16 , pp. 13
    • Majima, T.1    Tsutsumi, M.2    Nishino, H.3    Tsunoda, T.4    Konishi, Y.5
  • 124
    • 0029947670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary beta-carotene and selenium on initiation and promotion of pancreatic carcinogenesis in azaserine-treated rats
    • Appel, M.J. and Woutersen, R.A., Effects of dietary beta-carotene and selenium on initiation and promotion of pancreatic carcinogenesis in azaserine-treated rats, Carcinogenesis, 17, 1411, 1996.
    • (1996) Carcinogenesis , vol.17 , pp. 1411
    • Appel, M.J.1    Woutersen, R.A.2
  • 126
    • 0034760007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of alpha-tocopherol on hepatocarcinogenesis in transforming growth factoralpha (TGF-alpha) transgenic mice treated with diethylnitrosamine
    • Kakizaki, S., Takagi, H., Fukusato, T., Toyoda, M., Horiguchi, N., Sato, K., Takayama, H., Nagamine, T., and Mori, M., Effect of alpha-tocopherol on hepatocarcinogenesis in transforming growth factoralpha (TGF-alpha) transgenic mice treated with diethylnitrosamine, Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 71, 261, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. , vol.71 , pp. 261
    • Kakizaki, S.1    Takagi, H.2    Fukusato, T.3    Toyoda, M.4    Horiguchi, N.5    Sato, K.6    Takayama, H.7    Nagamine, T.8    Mori, M.9
  • 128
    • 0036532254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is residual confounding a reasonable explanation for the apparent protective effects of beta-carotene found in epidemiologic studies of lung cancer in smokers?
    • Stram, D.O., Huberman, M., and Wu, A.H., Is residual confounding a reasonable explanation for the apparent protective effects of beta-carotene found in epidemiologic studies of lung cancer in smokers?, Am. J. Epidemiol., 155, 622, 2002.
    • (2002) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.155 , pp. 622
    • Stram, D.O.1    Huberman, M.2    Wu, A.H.3
  • 129
    • 0025829048 scopus 로고
    • Role of vitamin E in the prophylaxis of cancer
    • Knekt, P., Role of vitamin E in the prophylaxis of cancer, Ann. Med., 23, 3, 1991.
    • (1991) Ann. Med. , vol.23 , pp. 3
    • Knekt, P.1
  • 130
    • 0025790311 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic evidence regarding vitamin C and cancer
    • Block, G., Epidemiologic evidence regarding vitamin C and cancer, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 54, 1310S, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.54 , pp. 1310
    • Block, G.1
  • 131
    • 0025977703 scopus 로고
    • Vegetables, fruits, and carotenoids and the risk of cancer
    • Ziegler, R.G., Vegetables, fruits, and carotenoids and the risk of cancer, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 53, 251S, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.53 , pp. 251
    • Ziegler, R.G.1
  • 132
    • 0026576932 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population
    • Enstrom, J.E., Kanim, L.E., and Klein, M.A., Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population, Epidemiology, 3, 194, 1992.
    • (1992) Epidemiology , vol.3 , pp. 194
    • Enstrom, J.E.1    Kanim, L.E.2    Klein, M.A.3
  • 133
    • 0026761445 scopus 로고
    • Intake of vegetables, fruits, betacarotene, vitamin C and vitamin supplements and cancer incidence among the elderly: A prospective study
    • Shibata, A., Paganini-Hill, A., Ross, R.K., and Henderson, B.E., Intake of vegetables, fruits, betacarotene, vitamin C and vitamin supplements and cancer incidence among the elderly: a prospective study, Br. J. Cancer, 66, 673, 1992.
    • (1992) Br. J. Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 673
    • Shibata, A.1    Paganini-Hill, A.2    Ross, R.K.3    Henderson, B.E.4
  • 134
    • 0029590004 scopus 로고
    • The Western Electric Study: Dietary vitamin C and beta-carotene and risk of death in middle-aged men
    • Pandey, D.K., Shekelle, R., Selwyn, B.J., Tangney, C., and Stamler, J., The Western Electric Study:dietary vitamin C and beta-carotene and risk of death in middle-aged men, Am. J. Epidemiol., 142, 1269, 1995.
    • (1995) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.142 , pp. 1269
    • Pandey, D.K.1    Shekelle, R.2    Selwyn, B.J.3    Tangney, C.4    Stamler, J.5
  • 135
    • 0030013268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality in older persons: The Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly
    • Losonczy, K.G., Harris, T.B., and Havlik, R.J., Vitamin E and vitamin C supplement use and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality in older persons: the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 64, 190, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.64 , pp. 190
    • Losonczy, K.G.1    Harris, T.B.2    Havlik, R.J.3
  • 136
    • 0029840810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and mortality in an elderly population
    • Sahyoun, N.R., Jacques, P.F., and Russell, R.M., Carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and mortality in an elderly population, Am. J. Epidemiol., 144, 501, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.144 , pp. 501
    • Sahyoun, N.R.1    Jacques, P.F.2    Russell, R.M.3
  • 137
    • 0029993042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of male cancer mortality by plasma levels of interacting vitamins: 17-year follow-up of the prospective Basel study
    • Eichholzer, M., Stahelin, H.B., Gey, K.F., Ludin, E., and Bernasconi, F., Prediction of male cancer mortality by plasma levels of interacting vitamins: 17-year follow-up of the prospective Basel study, Int. J. Cancer, 66, 145, 1996.
    • (1996) Int. J. Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 145
    • Eichholzer, M.1    Stahelin, H.B.2    Gey, K.F.3    Ludin, E.4    Bernasconi, F.5
  • 139
    • 0035799105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: A prospective population study
    • Khaw, K.T., Bingham, S., Welch, A., Luben, R., Wareham, N., Oakes, S., and Day, N., European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study, Lancet, 357, 657, 2001.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , pp. 657
    • Khaw, K.T.1    Bingham, S.2    Welch, A.3    Luben, R.4    Wareham, N.5    Oakes, S.6    Day, N.7
  • 140
    • 0035169048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education, lifestyle factors and mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer: A 25-year follow-up of Swedish 50-year-old men
    • Kilander, L., Berglund, L., Boberg, M., Vessby, B., and Lithell, H., Education, lifestyle factors and mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer: a 25-year follow-up of Swedish 50-year-old men, Int. J. Epidemiol., 30, 1119, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Epidemiol. , vol.30 , pp. 1119
    • Kilander, L.1    Berglund, L.2    Boberg, M.3    Vessby, B.4    Lithell, H.5
  • 141
    • 0029027384 scopus 로고
    • Plasma carotenoids as biomarkers of vegetable intake: The University of Minnesota Cancer Prevention Research Unit Feeding Studies
    • Martini, M.C., Campbell, D.R., Gross, M.D., Grandits, G.A., Potter, J.D., and Slavin, J.L., Plasma carotenoids as biomarkers of vegetable intake: the University of Minnesota Cancer Prevention Research Unit Feeding Studies, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 4, 491, 1995.
    • (1995) Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. , vol.4 , pp. 491
    • Martini, M.C.1    Campbell, D.R.2    Gross, M.D.3    Grandits, G.A.4    Potter, J.D.5    Slavin, J.L.6
  • 142
    • 0032722478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma carotenoids are biomarkers of long-term high vegetable intake in women with breast cancer
    • McEligot, A.J., Rock, C.L., Flatt, S.W., Newman, V., Faerber, S., and Pierce, J.P., Plasma carotenoids are biomarkers of long-term high vegetable intake in women with breast cancer, J. Nutr., 129, 2258, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Nutr. , vol.129 , pp. 2258
    • McEligot, A.J.1    Rock, C.L.2    Flatt, S.W.3    Newman, V.4    Faerber, S.5    Pierce, J.P.6
  • 143
    • 0036218066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dietary oxidative balance score of vitamin C, beta-carotene and iron intakes and mortality risk in male smoking Belgians
    • Van Hoydonck, P.G., Temme, E.H., and Schouten, E.G., A dietary oxidative balance score of vitamin C, beta-carotene and iron intakes and mortality risk in male smoking Belgians, J. Nutr., 132, 756, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Nutr. , vol.132 , pp. 756
    • Van Hoydonck, P.G.1    Temme, E.H.2    Schouten, E.G.3
  • 146
    • 0027468105 scopus 로고
    • Vegetables, fruit, and lung cancer in the Iowa Women’s Health Study
    • Steinmetz, K.A., Potter, J.D., and Folsom, A.R., Vegetables, fruit, and lung cancer in the Iowa Women’s Health Study, Cancer Res., 53, 536, 1993.
    • (1993) Cancer Res. , vol.53 , pp. 536
    • Steinmetz, K.A.1    Potter, J.D.2    Folsom, A.R.3
  • 148
    • 0031044846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Zutphen study: Repeated measurements of vegetables, fruits, beta-carotene, and vitamins C and E in relation to lung cancer
    • Ocke, M.C., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., Feskens, E.J., van Staveren, W.A., and Kromhout, D., The Zutphen study: repeated measurements of vegetables, fruits, beta-carotene, and vitamins C and E in relation to lung cancer, Am. J. Epidemiol., 145, 358, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.145 , pp. 358
    • Ocke, M.C.1    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B.2    Feskens, E.J.3    van Staveren, W.A.4    Kromhout, D.5
  • 149
    • 0030762606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES I epidemiologic followup study: Intake of vitamins E, C, and A and risk of lung cancer
    • Yong, L.C., Brown, C.C., Schatzkin, A., Dresser, C.M., Slesinski, M.J., Cox, C.S., and Taylor, P.R., First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES I epidemiologic followup study:intake of vitamins E, C, and A and risk of lung cancer, Am. J. Epidemiol., 146, 231, 1997.
    • (1997) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.146 , pp. 231
    • Yong, L.C.1    Brown, C.C.2    Schatzkin, A.3    Dresser, C.M.4    Slesinski, M.J.5    Cox, C.S.6    Taylor, P.R.7
  • 155
    • 0036224148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cohort study of dietary carotenoids and lung cancer risk in women (Canada)
    • Rohan, T.E., Jain, M., Howe, G.R., and Miller, A.B., A cohort study of dietary carotenoids and lung cancer risk in women (Canada), Cancer Causes Control, 13, 231, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Causes Control , vol.13 , pp. 231
    • Rohan, T.E.1    Jain, M.2    Howe, G.R.3    Miller, A.B.4
  • 156
    • 0034541279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum carotenoids and markers of inflammation in nonsmokers
    • Kritchevsky, S.B., Bush, A.J., Pahor, M., and Gross, M.D., Serum carotenoids and markers of inflammation in nonsmokers, Am. J. Epidemiol., 152, 1065, 2000.
    • (2000) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.152 , pp. 1065
    • Kritchevsky, S.B.1    Bush, A.J.2    Pahor, M.3    Gross, M.D.4
  • 158
    • 0034119878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: A population-based case-control study in Sweden
    • Ekstrom, A.M., Serafini, M., Nyren, O., Hansson, L.E., Ye, W., and Wolk, A., Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: a population-based case-control study in Sweden, Int. J. Cancer, 87, 133, 2000.
    • (2000) Int. J. Cancer , vol.87 , pp. 133
    • Ekstrom, A.M.1    Serafini, M.2    Nyren, O.3    Hansson, L.E.4    Ye, W.5    Wolk, A.6
  • 159
    • 0031756140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient intake patterns and gastric cancer risk: A case-control study in Belgium
    • Kaaks, R., Tuyns, A.J., Haelterman, M., and Riboli, E., Nutrient intake patterns and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study in Belgium, Int. J. Cancer, 78, 415, 1998.
    • (1998) Int. J. Cancer , vol.78 , pp. 415
    • Kaaks, R.1    Tuyns, A.J.2    Haelterman, M.3    Riboli, E.4
  • 161
    • 0035112986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary patterns, nutrient intake and gastric cancer in a highrisk area of Italy
    • Palli, D., Russo, A., and Decarli, A., Dietary patterns, nutrient intake and gastric cancer in a highrisk area of Italy, Cancer Causes Control, 12, 163, 2001.
    • (2001) Cancer Causes Control , vol.12 , pp. 163
    • Palli, D.1    Russo, A.2    Decarli, A.3
  • 162
    • 0034651602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and the risk of gastric carcinoma: Results from a prospective study after 6.3 years of follow-up
    • Botterweck, A.A., van den Brandt, P.A., and Goldbohm, R.A., Vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and the risk of gastric carcinoma: results from a prospective study after 6.3 years of follow-up, Cancer, 88, 737, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer , vol.88 , pp. 737
    • Botterweck, A.A.1    Van Den Brandt, P.A.2    Goldbohm, R.A.3
  • 164
    • 0028843818 scopus 로고
    • Retinol, antioxidant vitamins, and cancers of the upper digestive tract in a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women
    • Zheng, W., Sellers, T.A., Doyle, T.J., Kushi, L.H., Potter, J.D., and Folsom, A.R., Retinol, antioxidant vitamins, and cancers of the upper digestive tract in a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women, Am. J. Epidemiol., 142, 955, 1995.
    • (1995) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.142 , pp. 955
    • Zheng, W.1    Sellers, T.A.2    Doyle, T.J.3    Kushi, L.H.4    Potter, J.D.5    Folsom, A.R.6
  • 165
    • 0026321076 scopus 로고
    • Plasma antioxidant vitamins and subsequent cancer mortality in the 12-year follow-up of the prospective Basel Study
    • Stahelin, H.B., Gey, K.F., Eichholzer, M., Ludin, E., Bernasconi, F., Thurneysen, J., and Brubacher, G., Plasma antioxidant vitamins and subsequent cancer mortality in the 12-year follow-up of the prospective Basel Study, Am. J. Epidemiol., 133, 766, 1991.
    • (1991) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.133 , pp. 766
    • Stahelin, H.B.1    Gey, K.F.2    Eichholzer, M.3    Ludin, E.4    Bernasconi, F.5    Thurneysen, J.6    Brubacher, G.7
  • 167
    • 0033136467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis
    • Reed, P.I., Vitamin C, Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis, Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 69, 220, 1999.
    • (1999) Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 220
    • Reed, P.I.1    Vitamin, C.2
  • 172
    • 0036315759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary and serum alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and retinol, and risk for colorectal cancer in male smokers
    • Malila, N., Virtamo, J., Virtanen, M., Pietinen, P., Albanes, D., and Teppo, L., Dietary and serum alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and retinol, and risk for colorectal cancer in male smokers, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 56, 615, 2002.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.56 , pp. 615
    • Malila, N.1    Virtamo, J.2    Virtanen, M.3    Pietinen, P.4    Albanes, D.5    Teppo, L.6
  • 175
    • 0031710885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet and risk of colon cancer in a large prospective study of older women: An analysis stratified on family history (Iowa, United States)
    • Sellers, T.A., Bazyk, A.E., Bostick, R.M., Kushi, L.H., Olson, J.E., Anderson, K.E., Lazovich, D., and Folsom, A.R., Diet and risk of colon cancer in a large prospective study of older women: an analysis stratified on family history (Iowa, United States), Cancer Causes Control, 9, 357, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Causes Control , vol.9 , pp. 357
    • Sellers, T.A.1    Bazyk, A.E.2    Bostick, R.M.3    Kushi, L.H.4    Olson, J.E.5    Anderson, K.E.6    Lazovich, D.7    Folsom, A.R.8
  • 176
    • 0034671954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of dietary supplements, macronutrients, micronutrients, and risk of bladder cancer in US men
    • Michaud, D.S., Spiegelman, D., Clinton, S.K., Rimm, E.B., Willett, W.C., and Giovannucci, E., Prospective study of dietary supplements, macronutrients, micronutrients, and risk of bladder cancer in US men, Am. J. Epidemiol., 152, 1145, 2000.
    • (2000) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.152 , pp. 1145
    • Michaud, D.S.1    Spiegelman, D.2    Clinton, S.K.3    Rimm, E.B.4    Willett, W.C.5    Giovannucci, E.6
  • 177
    • 0035964606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are retinol, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate and carotenoids intake associated with bladder cancer risk? Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study
    • Zeegers, M.P., Goldbohm, R.A., and Brandt, P.A., Are retinol, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate and carotenoids intake associated with bladder cancer risk? Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study, Br. J. Cancer, 85, 977, 2001.
    • (2001) Br. J. Cancer , vol.85 , pp. 977
    • Zeegers, M.P.1    Goldbohm, R.A.2    Brandt, P.A.3
  • 178
    • 0037152677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intakes of fruits and vegetables, carotenoids and vitamins A, E, C in relation to the risk of bladder cancer in the ATBC cohort study
    • Michaud, D.S., Pietinen, P., Taylor, P.R., Virtanen, M., Virtamo, J., and Albanes, D., Intakes of fruits and vegetables, carotenoids and vitamins A, E, C in relation to the risk of bladder cancer in the ATBC cohort study, Br. J. Cancer, 87, 960, 2002.
    • (2002) Br. J. Cancer , vol.87 , pp. 960
    • Michaud, D.S.1    Pietinen, P.2    Taylor, P.R.3    Virtanen, M.4    Virtamo, J.5    Albanes, D.6
  • 182
    • 0036338757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective cohort study on intake of retinol, vitamins C and E, and carotenoids and prostate cancer risk (Netherlands)
    • Schuurman, A.G., Goldbohm, R.A., Brants, H.A., and van den Brandt, P.A., A prospective cohort study on intake of retinol, vitamins C and E, and carotenoids and prostate cancer risk (Netherlands), Cancer Causes Control, 13, 573, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Causes Control , vol.13 , pp. 573
    • Schuurman, A.G.1    Goldbohm, R.A.2    Brants, H.A.3    Van Den Brandt, P.A.4
  • 183
    • 0025367269 scopus 로고
    • Serologic precursors of cancer: Retinol, carotenoids, and tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer
    • Hsing, A.W., Comstock, G.W., Abbey, H., and Polk, B.F., Serologic precursors of cancer: retinol, carotenoids, and tocopherol and risk of prostate cancer, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 82, 941, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.82 , pp. 941
    • Hsing, A.W.1    Comstock, G.W.2    Abbey, H.3    Polk, B.F.4
  • 185
    • 0033559952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower prostate cancer risk in men with elevated plasma lycopene levels: Results of a prospective analysis
    • Gann, P.H., Ma, J., Giovannucci, E., Willett, W., Sacks, F.M., Hennekens, C.H., and Stampfer, M.J., Lower prostate cancer risk in men with elevated plasma lycopene levels: results of a prospective analysis, Cancer Res., 59, 1225, 1999.
    • (1999) Cancer Res. , vol.59 , pp. 1225
    • Gann, P.H.1    Ma, J.2    Giovannucci, E.3    Willett, W.4    Sacks, F.M.5    Hennekens, C.H.6    Stampfer, M.J.7
  • 189
    • 0034531005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidants and antioxidants in breast cancer
    • Ambrosone, C.B., Oxidants and antioxidants in breast cancer, Antioxid. Redox Signal., 2, 903, 2000.
    • (2000) Antioxid. Redox Signal. , vol.2 , pp. 903
    • Ambrosone, C.B.1
  • 192
    • 0030018520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iowa Women’s Health Study: Intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer
    • Kushi, L.H., Fee, R.M., Sellers, T.A., Zheng, W., and Folsom, A.R., Iowa Women’s Health Study:intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer, Am. J. Epidemiol., 144, 165, 1996.
    • (1996) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.144 , pp. 165
    • Kushi, L.H.1    Fee, R.M.2    Sellers, T.A.3    Zheng, W.4    Folsom, A.R.5
  • 195
    • 0035865964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary antioxidant vitamins, retinol, and breast cancer incidence in a cohort of Swedish women
    • Michels, K.B., Holmberg, L., Bergkvist, L., Ljung, H., Bruce, A., and Wolk, A., Dietary antioxidant vitamins, retinol, and breast cancer incidence in a cohort of Swedish women, Int. J. Cancer, 91, 563, 2001.
    • (2001) Int. J. Cancer , vol.91 , pp. 563
    • Michels, K.B.1    Holmberg, L.2    Bergkvist, L.3    Ljung, H.4    Bruce, A.5    Wolk, A.6
  • 197
    • 0031964487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: Results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States)
    • Dorgan, J.F., Sowell, A., Swanson, C.A., Potischman, N., Miller, R., Schussler, N., and Stephenson, Jr., H.E., Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States), Cancer Causes Control, 9, 89, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Causes Control , vol.9 , pp. 89
    • Dorgan, J.F.1    Sowell, A.2    Swanson, C.A.3    Potischman, N.4    Miller, R.5    Schussler, N.6    Stephenson, H.E.7
  • 202
    • 0028345768 scopus 로고
    • Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials Study Group: Prevention of esophageal cancer: The nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China
    • Taylor, P.R., Li, B., Dawsey, S.M., Li, J.Y., Yang, C.S., Guo, W., and Blot, W.J., Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials Study Group: Prevention of esophageal cancer: the nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China, Cancer Res. 54, 2029s, 1994.
    • (1994) Cancer Res. , vol.54 , pp. 2029
    • Taylor, P.R.1    Li, B.2    Dawsey, S.M.3    Li, J.Y.4    Yang, C.S.5    Guo, W.6    Blot, W.J.7
  • 205
    • 0033884831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence by baseline characteristics in the Physicians’ Health Study (United States)
    • Cook, N.R., Lee, I.M., Manson, J.E., Buring, J.E., and Hennekens, C.H., Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence by baseline characteristics in the Physicians’ Health Study (United States), Cancer Causes Control, 11, 617, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Causes Control , vol.11 , pp. 617
    • Cook, N.R.1    Lee, I.M.2    Manson, J.E.3    Buring, J.E.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 206
    • 0033572468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-carotene supplementation and incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease: The Women’s Health Study
    • Lee, I.M., Cook, N.R., Manson, J.E., Buring, J.E., and Hennekens, C.H., Beta-carotene supplementation and incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Study, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 91, 2102, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.91 , pp. 2102
    • Lee, I.M.1    Cook, N.R.2    Manson, J.E.3    Buring, J.E.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 207
    • 0036402133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotenoid bioavailability and bioconversion
    • Yeum, K.J. and Russell, R.M., Carotenoid bioavailability and bioconversion, Annu. Rev. Nutr., 22, 483, 2002.
    • (2002) Annu. Rev. Nutr. , vol.22 , pp. 483
    • Yeum, K.J.1    Russell, R.M.2
  • 208
    • 0032695618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procarcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects of beta-carotene
    • Wang, X.D. and Russell, R.M., Procarcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects of beta-carotene, Nutr. Rev., 57, 263, 1999.
    • (1999) Nutr. Rev. , vol.57 , pp. 263
    • Wang, X.D.1    Russell, R.M.2
  • 209
    • 0033528079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoid signaling and activator protein-1 expression in ferrets given beta-carotene supplements and exposed to tobacco smoke
    • Wang, X.D., Liu, C., Bronson, R.T., Smith, D.E., Krinsky, N.I., and Russell, M., Retinoid signaling and activator protein-1 expression in ferrets given beta-carotene supplements and exposed to tobacco smoke, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 91, 60, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.91 , pp. 60
    • Wang, X.D.1    Liu, C.2    Bronson, R.T.3    Smith, D.E.4    Krinsky, N.I.5    Russell, M.6
  • 210
    • 0029852546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-Apo-8'-carotenal, but not beta-carotene, is a strong inducer of liver cytochromes P4501A1 and 1A2 in rat
    • Gradelet, S., Leclerc, J., Siess, M.H., and Astorg, P.O., Beta-Apo-8'-carotenal, but not beta-carotene, is a strong inducer of liver cytochromes P4501A1 and 1A2 in rat, Xenobiotica, 26, 909, 1996.
    • (1996) Xenobiotica , vol.26 , pp. 909
    • Gradelet, S.1    Leclerc, J.2    Siess, M.H.3    Astorg, P.O.4
  • 212
    • 0344178216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta carotene and its oxidation products have different effects on microsome mediated binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA
    • Salgo, M.G., Cueto, R., Winston, G.W., and Pryor, W.A., Beta carotene and its oxidation products have different effects on microsome mediated binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 26, 162, 1999.
    • (1999) Free Radic. Biol. Med. , vol.26 , pp. 162
    • Salgo, M.G.1    Cueto, R.2    Winston, G.W.3    Pryor, W.A.4
  • 215
    • 0034521543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of physiological versus pharmacological beta-carotene supplementation on cell proliferation and histopathological changes in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed ferrets
    • Liu, C., Wang, X.D., Bronson, R.T., Smith, D.E., Krinsky, N.I., and Russell, R.M., Effects of physiological versus pharmacological beta-carotene supplementation on cell proliferation and histopathological changes in the lungs of cigarette smoke-exposed ferrets, Carcinogenesis, 21, 2245, 2000.
    • (2000) Carcinogenesis , vol.21 , pp. 2245
    • Liu, C.1    Wang, X.D.2    Bronson, R.T.3    Smith, D.E.4    Krinsky, N.I.5    Russell, R.M.6
  • 216
    • 0033958529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascorbate is depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation: A study in male smokers and nonsmokers with matched dietary antioxidant intakes
    • Lykkesfeldt, J., Christen, S., Wallock, L.M., Chang, H.H., Jacob, R.A., and Ames, B.N., Ascorbate is depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation: a study in male smokers and nonsmokers with matched dietary antioxidant intakes, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 71, 530, 2000.
    • (2000) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.71 , pp. 530
    • Lykkesfeldt, J.1    Christen, S.2    Wallock, L.M.3    Chang, H.H.4    Jacob, R.A.5    Ames, B.N.6
  • 217
    • 0027443063 scopus 로고
    • Reduced plasma ascorbic acid concentrations in nonsmokers regularly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke
    • Tribble, D.L., Giuliano, L.J., and Fortmann, S.P., Reduced plasma ascorbic acid concentrations in nonsmokers regularly exposed to environmental tobacco smoke, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 58, 886, 1993.
    • (1993) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.58 , pp. 886
    • Tribble, D.L.1    Giuliano, L.J.2    Fortmann, S.P.3
  • 218
    • 0035043375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of carotenoid radical cations in liposomal environments: Interaction with vitamin C
    • Burke, M., Edge, R., Land, E.J., and Truscott, T.G., Characterisation of carotenoid radical cations in liposomal environments: interaction with vitamin C, J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, 60, 1, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Photochem. Photobiol. B , vol.60 , pp. 1
    • Burke, M.1    Edge, R.2    Land, E.J.3    Truscott, T.G.4
  • 220
    • 0033230952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and prostate carcinoma
    • Cook, N.R., Stampfer, M.J., Ma, J., Manson, J.E., Sacks, F.M., Buring, J.E., and Hennekens, C.H., Beta-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and prostate carcinoma, Cancer, 86, 1783, 1999.
    • (1999) Cancer , vol.86 , pp. 1783
    • Cook, N.R.1    Stampfer, M.J.2    Ma, J.3    Manson, J.E.4    Sacks, F.M.5    Buring, J.E.6    Hennekens, C.H.7
  • 221
    • 0029988807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E inhibits experimental carcinogenesis and tumour angiogenesis
    • Shklar, G. and Schwartz, J.L., Vitamin E inhibits experimental carcinogenesis and tumour angiogenesis, Eur. J. Cancer B Oral Oncol., 32B, 114, 1996.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Cancer B Oral Oncol. , vol.32B , pp. 114
    • Shklar, G.1    Schwartz, J.L.2
  • 222
    • 0036249682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term alphatocopherol supplementation is associated with lower serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels
    • Woodson, K., Triantos, S., Hartman, T., Taylor, P.R., Virtamo, J., and Albanes, D., Long-term alphatocopherol supplementation is associated with lower serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels, Anticancer Res., 22, 375, 2002.
    • (2002) Anticancer Res. , vol.22 , pp. 375
    • Woodson, K.1    Triantos, S.2    Hartman, T.3    Taylor, P.R.4    Virtamo, J.5    Albanes, D.6
  • 224
    • 0033976365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, 12-year primary-prevention trial of beta carotene supplementation for nonmelanoma skin cancer in the physician’s health study
    • Frieling, U.M., Schaumberg, D.A., Kupper, T.S., Muntwyler, J., and Hennekens, C.H., A randomized, 12-year primary-prevention trial of beta carotene supplementation for nonmelanoma skin cancer in the physician’s health study, Arch. Dermatol., 136, 179, 2000.
    • (2000) Arch. Dermatol. , vol.136 , pp. 179
    • Frieling, U.M.1    Schaumberg, D.A.2    Kupper, T.S.3    Muntwyler, J.4    Hennekens, C.H.5
  • 228
    • 0036714315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on gastric cancer incidence in male smokers (ATBC Study, Finland)
    • Malila, N., Taylor, P.R., Virtanen, M.J., Korhonen, P., Huttunen, J.K., Albanes, D., and Virtamo, J., Effects of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on gastric cancer incidence in male smokers (ATBC Study, Finland), Cancer Causes Control, 13, 617, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Causes Control , vol.13 , pp. 617
    • Malila, N.1    Taylor, P.R.2    Virtanen, M.J.3    Korhonen, P.4    Huttunen, J.K.5    Albanes, D.6    Virtamo, J.7
  • 230
    • 0036689094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of randomized trials for the treatment of oral leukoplakia
    • Lodi, G., Sardella, A., Bez, C., Demarosi, F., and Carrassi, A., Systematic review of randomized trials for the treatment of oral leukoplakia, J. Dent. Educ., 66, 896, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Dent. Educ. , vol.66 , pp. 896
    • Lodi, G.1    Sardella, A.2    Bez, C.3    Demarosi, F.4    Carrassi, A.5
  • 234
    • 1842407164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redifferentiation of oral dysplastic mucosa by the application of the antioxidants beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C
    • Barth, T.J., Zoller, J., Kubler, A., Born, I.A., and Osswald, H., Redifferentiation of oral dysplastic mucosa by the application of the antioxidants beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C, Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 67, 368, 1997.
    • (1997) Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. , vol.67 , pp. 368
    • Barth, T.J.1    Zoller, J.2    Kubler, A.3    Born, I.A.4    Osswald, H.5
  • 236
    • 0027300358 scopus 로고
    • Chemoprevention of oral leukoplakia and chromic esophagitis in an area of high incidence of oral and esophagent cancer
    • Zaride, D., Evstifeeva, T., and Boyle, P., Chemoprevention of oral leukoplakia and chromic esophagitis in an area of high incidence of oral and esophagent cancer, Ann. Epidemiol. 3, 225, 1993
    • (1993) Ann. Epidemiol. , vol.3 , pp. 225
    • Zaride, D.1    Evstifeeva, T.2    Boyle, P.3
  • 238
    • 0031891826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can cervical dysplasia and cancer be prevented with nutrients?
    • Giuliano, A.R. and Gapstur, S., Can cervical dysplasia and cancer be prevented with nutrients?, Nutr. Rev., 56, 9, 1998.
    • (1998) Nutr. Rev. , vol.56 , pp. 9
    • Giuliano, A.R.1    Gapstur, S.2
  • 239
    • 0036418042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human papilloma virus and cervical neoplasia
    • Einstein, M.H. and Goldberg, G.L., Human papilloma virus and cervical neoplasia, Cancer Invest., 20, 1080, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer Invest. , vol.20 , pp. 1080
    • Einstein, M.H.1    Goldberg, G.L.2
  • 240
    • 0025979645 scopus 로고
    • The effect of betacarotene on the regression and progression of cervical dysplasia: A clinical experiment
    • de Vet, H.C., Knipschild, P.G., Willebrand, D., Schouten, H.J., and Sturmans, F., The effect of betacarotene on the regression and progression of cervical dysplasia: a clinical experiment, J. Clin. Epidemiol., 44, 273, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Clin. Epidemiol. , vol.44 , pp. 273
    • de Vet, H.C.1    Knipschild, P.G.2    Willebrand, D.3    Schouten, H.J.4    Sturmans, F.5
  • 244
    • 0016744063 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ascorbic acid on rectal polyps of patients with familial polyposis
    • DeCosse, J.J., Adams, M.B., Kuzma, J.F., LoGerfo, P., and Condon, R.E., Effect of ascorbic acid on rectal polyps of patients with familial polyposis, Surgery, 78, 608, 1975.
    • (1975) Surgery , vol.78 , pp. 608
    • DeCosse, J.J.1    Adams, M.B.2    Kuzma, J.F.3    LoGerfo, P.4    Condon, R.E.5
  • 246
    • 0027407184 scopus 로고
    • Colorectal Cancer Study Group of the University of Modena and the Health Care District 16: Antioxidant vitamins or lactulose for the prevention of the recurrence of colorectal adenomas
    • Roncucci, L., Di Donato, P., Carati, L., Ferrari, A., Perini, M., Bertoni, G., Bedogni, G., Paris, B., Svanoni, F., Girola, M. et al., Colorectal Cancer Study Group of the University of Modena and the Health Care District 16: Antioxidant vitamins or lactulose for the prevention of the recurrence of colorectal adenomas, Dis. Colon Rectum, 36, 227, 1993.
    • (1993) Dis. Colon Rectum , vol.36 , pp. 227
    • Roncucci, L.1    Di Donato, P.2    Carati, L.3    Ferrari, A.4    Perini, M.5    Bertoni, G.6    Bedogni, G.7    Paris, B.8    Svanoni, F.9    Girola, M.10
  • 249
    • 0023741133 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of vitamins C and E in the prevention of recurrence of colorectal polyps
    • McKeown-Eyssen, G., Holloway, C., Jazmaji, V., Bright-See, E., Dion, P., and Bruce, W.R., A randomized trial of vitamins C and E in the prevention of recurrence of colorectal polyps, Cancer Res., 48, 4701, 1988.
    • (1988) Cancer Res. , vol.48 , pp. 4701
    • McKeown-Eyssen, G.1    Holloway, C.2    Jazmaji, V.3    Bright-See, E.4    Dion, P.5    Bruce, W.R.6
  • 250
    • 0024445622 scopus 로고
    • Effect of wheat fiber and vitamins C and E on rectal polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis
    • DeCosse, J.J., Miller, H.H., and Lesser, M.L., Effect of wheat fiber and vitamins C and E on rectal polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 81, 1290, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.81 , pp. 1290
    • DeCosse, J.J.1    Miller, H.H.2    Lesser, M.L.3
  • 255
    • 0345500882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C and gastric cancer prevention
    • Paoletti, R., Sies, H., Bug, J., Grossi, E., and Poli, A., Eds., Springer-Verlag, Milan
    • Schorah, C.J., Vitamin C and gastric cancer prevention, in Vitamin C: the State of the Art in Disease Prevention Sixty Years after the Nobel Prize, Paoletti, R., Sies, H., Bug, J., Grossi, E., and Poli, A., Eds., Springer-Verlag, Milan, 1998, pp. 41.
    • (1998) Vitamin C: The State of the Art in Disease Prevention Sixty Years after the Nobel Prize , pp. 41
    • Schorah, C.J.1
  • 258
    • 0034113582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastric alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene concentrations in association with Helicobacter pylori infection
    • Zhang, Z.W., Patchett, S.E., Perrett, D., Domizio, P., and Farthing, M.J., Gastric alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene concentrations in association with Helicobacter pylori infection, Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 12, 497, 2000.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.12 , pp. 497
    • Zhang, Z.W.1    Patchett, S.E.2    Perrett, D.3    Domizio, P.4    Farthing, M.J.5
  • 259
    • 6844261170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helsinki Gastritis Study Group: Gastric cancer and premalignant lesions in atrophic gastritis: A controlled trial on the effect of supplementation with alphatocopherol and beta-carotene
    • Varis, K., Taylor, P.R., Sipponen, P., Samloff, I.M., Heinonen, O.P., Albanes, D., Harkonen, M., Huttunen, J.K., Laxen, F., and Virtamo, J., Helsinki Gastritis Study Group: gastric cancer and premalignant lesions in atrophic gastritis: a controlled trial on the effect of supplementation with alphatocopherol and beta-carotene, Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 33, 294, 1998.
    • (1998) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.33 , pp. 294
    • Varis, K.1    Taylor, P.R.2    Sipponen, P.3    Samloff, I.M.4    Heinonen, O.P.5    Albanes, D.6    Harkonen, M.7    Huttunen, J.K.8    Laxen, F.9    Virtamo, J.10
  • 262
    • 0001658331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit and vegetable intake and cancer
    • Heber, D., Blackburn, G.L., and Go, V.L., Eds., Academic Press, San Diego
    • Smith-Werner, S.A. and Giovannucci, E., Fruit and vegetable intake and cancer, in Nutritional Oncology, Heber, D., Blackburn, G.L., and Go, V.L., Eds., Academic Press, San Diego, 1999, pp. 153.
    • (1999) Nutritional Oncology , pp. 153
    • Smith-Werner, S.A.1    Giovannucci, E.2
  • 263
    • 0037031094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: A randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Anon
    • Anon., MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 360, 23, 2002.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 23


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.