Utility of mdr1-gene deficient mice in assessing the impact of P-glycoprotein on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in drug discovery and development

Current Drug Metabolism

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 272-291

  Chen, Cuiping ^a   Liu, Xingrong ^a   Smith, Bill J ^a  

^a PFIZER GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

Absorption; Biliary excretion; Drug drug interaction; In vitro in vivo correlation; Mdr1 gene deficient mice; P glycoprotein; blood brain barrier; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics

Indexed keywords

3 (2 METHOXY 5 TRIFLUOROMETHOXYBENZYLAMINO) 2 PHENYLPIPERIDINE; AMITRIPTYLINE; ASIMADOLINE; BIRICODAR; CARBAMAZEPINE; CAREBASTINE; CETIRIZINE; CLOZAPINE; CP 141938; DESLORATADINE; DIAZEPAM; DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; DRUG; EBASTINE; ELACRIDAR; ENKEPHALIN[2,5 DEXTRO PENICILLAMINE]; FEXOFENADINE; FLUOXETINE; GLYCOPROTEIN P; HYDROXYZINE; LORATADINE; MORPHINE; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN 1; NEUROKININ 1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; NORTRIPTYLINE; PHENYTOIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALSPODAR; XENOBIOTIC AGENT; ZOSUQUIDAR;

ANIMAL; BILIARY EXCRETION; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD CHEMISTRY; BRAIN; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BRAIN LEVEL; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG DISPOSITION; DRUG PENETRATION; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG RESISTANCE; DRUG TRANSPORT; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GENETICS; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INTESTINE; KIDNEY; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; LIFESPAN; LIVER; METABOLISM; MOUSE; MOUSE MUTANT; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; NONHUMAN; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHARMACOLOGY; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; REVIEW; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; URINARY EXCRETION;

ANIMALS; DRUG DESIGN; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE; HUMANS; MICE; MICE, KNOCKOUT; P-GLYCOPROTEIN; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHARMACOLOGY; SPECIES SPECIFICITY;

EID: 0041589264     PISSN: 13892002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1389200033489415     Document Type: Review

References (137)

1. Gottesman, M.M. and Pastan, I. (1993) Annu. Rev. Biochem., 62, 385-427.
2. Ueda, K.; Cardarelli, C.; Gottesman, M.M. and Pastan, M.M. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 3004-3008.
3. Croop, J.M; Raymond, M.; Haber, D., Devault, A.; Arceci, R.J.; Gros, P. and Housman, D. (1989) Mol. Cell Biol., 9, 1346-1350.
4. Borst, P.; Evers, R.; Kool, M. and Wijnhold, J. (1999) Biochimica Biophysica Acta, 1461, 347-357.
5. Devault, A. and Gros, P. (1990) Mol. Cell Biol., 10, 1652-1663.
6. Schinkel, A.H.; Mol, C.A.A.M.; Wagenaar, E.; van Deemter, L.; Smit, J.J.M. and Borst, P. (1995) Eur. J. Cancer, 31A, 1295-1298.
7. van de Vire, W.; Marquet, R.L.; Stoter, G.; de Bruijn, E.A. and Eggermont, A.M.M. (1998) Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci., 35, 1-57.
8. Fojo, A.T.; Ueda, K.; Slamon, D.J.; Poplack, D.G.; Gottesman, M.M. and Pastan, I. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA, 84, 265-269.
9. Noonan, K.E.; Beck, C.; Holzmayer, T.A.; Chin, J.E.; Wunder, J.S.; Andrulis, I.L.; Gazdar, A.F.; Willman, C.L.; Griffith, B.; Von Hoff, D.D. and Roninson, I.B. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 7160-7164.
10. Chin, J.E.; Soffir, R.; Noonan, K.E.; Choi, K. and Roninson, I.B. (1989) Mol. Cell Biol., 9, 3808-3820.
11. Drach, D.; Zhao, S.; Drach, J.; Mahadevia, R.; Gattringer, C.; Huber, H. and Andreeff, M. (1992) Blood, 80, 2729-2734.
12. Miller, R.A. (1997) Mech. Age Develop., 96, 181-196.
13. Chaudhary, P.M. and Robinson, I.B. (1991) Cell, 66, 85-94.
14. Ludescher, C.; Pall, G.; Irschick, E.U; Gunther, G. (1998) Br. J. Haematol., 101, 722-727.
15. Matheny, C.J.; Lamb, M.W.; Brouwer, K.L.R. and Pollack, G.M. (2001) Pharmacother., 21, 778-796.
16. Sun, H.; Dai, H.; Shaik, N. and Elmquist, W.F. (2003) Advanced Drug Deliv., 55, 83-105.
17. Schinkel, A.H.; Smit, J.J.; van Tellingen, O.; Beijnen, J.H.; Wagenaar, E.; van Deemter, L.; Mol, C.A.; van der Valk, M.; Robanus-Maandag, E.C.; te Riele, H.P.J.; Berns, A.J.M. and Borst, P. (1994) Cell, 77, 491-501
18. Schinkel, A.H.; Mayer, U.; Wagenaar, E.; Mol, C.A.; van Deemter. L.; Smit, J.J.; van der Valk, M.A.; Voordouw, A.C.; Spits, H.; van Tellingen, O.; Zijlmans, J.M.; Fibbe, W.E. and Borst, P. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 4028-4033.
19. Yamazaki, M; Neway, W.E.; Ohe, T.; Chen, I-Wu.; Rowe, J.F.; Hochman, J.H.; Chiba, M. and Lin, J.H. (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 296, 723-735.
20. Hochman, J.H.; Yamazaki, M.; Ohe, T. and Lin, J.H. (2002) Current Drug Metab., 3, 257-273.
21. Tsuruo, T.; Iida, H.; Tsukagoshi, S. and Sakurai, Y. (1981) Cancer Res., 41, 1972-1976.
22. Sikic, B.I. J. (1993) Clin. Oncol., 11, 1629-1635.
23. Hu, X.F.; Slater, A.; Wall, D.M.; Parkin, J.D.; Kantharidis, P. and Zalcberg, J.R. (1996) Clin. Cancer Res., 2, 713-720.
24. Hyafil, F.; Vergely, C.; Du, V.P. and Grand-Perret, T. (1993) Cancer Res., 53, 4595-4602.
25. Dantzig, A.H.; Shepard, R.I.; Cao, J.; Law, K.L.; Ehlhardt, W.J.; Baughman, T.M.; Bumol, T.F. and Starling, J.J. (1993) Cancer Res., 56, 4171-4179.
26. Mistry, P.; Plumb, J.; Eccles, S.; Watson, S.; Dale, I.; Ryder, H.; Box, G.; Charlton, P.; Templeton, D. and Bevan, P.B. (1999) Br. J. Cancer, 79, 1672-1678.
27. Rowinsky, E.K.; Smith, L.; Wang, Y.M.; Chaturvedi, P.; Villalona, M.; Campbell, E.; Aylesworth, C.; Eckhardt, S.G.; Hammond, L.; Kraynak, M.; Drengler, R.; Stephenson, J.; Harding, M.W. and von Hoff, D.D. (1998) J. Clin. Oncol., 16, 2964-2976.
28. Newman, M.J.; Rodarte, J.C.; Bebbatoul, K.D.; Romano, S.J.; Zhang, C.; Krane, S.; Moran, E.J.; Uyeda, R.T.; Dixon, R.; Guns, E.S. and Mayer L.D. (2000) Cancer Res., 60, 2964-2972.
29. Okamura, N.; Hirai, M.; Tanigawara, Y.; Tanaka, K.; Yasuhara, M.; Ueda, K.; Komano, T. and Hori, R. (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 266, 1614-1619.
30. Kim, R.B.; Wandel, C.; Leake, B.; Cvetkovic, M.; Fromm, M.F.; Dempsey, .PJ.; Roden, M.M.; Belas, F.; Chaudhary, A.K.; Roden, D.M.; Wood, A.J. and Wilkinson, G.R. (1999) Pharm. Res., 16, 408-414.
31. Li, A.P. and Jurima-Romet, M. (1997) Cell Biol. Toxicol., 13, 365-374.
32. Schuetz, E.G.; Beck, W.T. and Schuetz, J.D. (1996) Mol. Pharmacol., 49, 188-197.
33. Susanto, M. and Benet, L.Z. (2002) Pharm. Res., 19, 457-462.
34. Wacher, V.J.; Wu, C.Y. and Benet, L.Z. (1995) Mol. Carcinog., 13, 129-134.
35. Sandstorm, R. and Lennernas, H. (1999) Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 951-955.
36. Salphati, L. and Benet, L.Z. (1998) Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 387-395.
37. Hennessy, M.; Kelleher, D.; Spiers, J.P.; Barry, M.; Kavanagh, P.; Back, D.; Mulcahy, F. and Feely, J. (2002) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 53, 75-82.
38. Durr, D.; Stieger, B.; Kullak-Ublick, G.A.; Rentsch, K.M.; Steninert, H.C.; Meier, P.J. and Fattinger, K. (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 68, 598-604.
39. Jette, L.; Beaulieu, E.; Leclerc, J.M. and Beliveau, R. (1996) Am. J. Physiol., 270, F756-765.
40. Lankas, G.R.; Cartwright, M.E. and Umbenhauer, D. (1997) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 143, 357-365.
41. Umbenhauer, D.R.; Lankas, G.R.; Pippert, T.R.; Wise, L.D.; Cartwright, M.E.; Hall, S.J. and Beare, C.M. (1997) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 146, 88-94.
42. Lankas, G.R.; Wise, L.D.; Cartwright, M.E.; Pippert, T.R and Umbenhauer, D.R. (1998) Reproductive Toxicol., 12, 457-463.
43. Kwei, G.Y.; Alvaro, R.F.; Chen, Q.; Enkins, H.J.; Hop, C.E.A.C.; Keohane, C.A.; Ly, V.T.; Strauss, J.R.; Wang, R.W.; Wang, Z.; Pippert, T.R. and Umbenhauer, D.R. (1999) Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 581-587.
44. Cordon-cardo, C.; O'Brien, J.P.; Casals, D.; Bertino, J.R. and Melamed, M.R. (1990) J. Histochem. Cylochem., 38, 1277-1287.
45. van Asperen, J.; Mayer, U.; van Tellingen, O. and Beijnen, J.H. (1997) J. Pharm. Sci., 86, 881-884.
46. Patridge, W.M. (1998) J. Neurochem., 67, 1688-1693.
47. Doan, K.M.M.; Humphreys, J.E.; Webster, L.O.; Wring, S.A.; Shampine, L.J.; Serabjit-Singh, C.J.; Adkison, K.K. and Polli, J.W. (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 303, 1029-1037.
48. Polli, J.W. (2003) personal communication.
49. Uhr, M.; Steckler, T.; Yassouridis, A. and Holsboer, F. (2000) Neuropsychopharmacol., 22, 380-387.
50. Adachi, Y.; Suzuki, H. and Sugiyama, Y. (2001) Pharm. Res., 18, 1660-1668.
51. Rizzi, M.; Caccia, S.; Guiso, G.; Richichi, C.; Gorter, J.A.; Aroonica, E.; Aliprandi, M.; Bagnati, R.; Fanelli, R.; D'Incalci, M.; Samanin, R. and Vezzani, A. (2002) J. Neurosci., 22, 5833-5839.
52. Schinkel, A.H.; Wagenaar, E.; Mol, C.A.A.M. and van Deemter, L. (1996) J. Clin. Invest., 97, 2517-2524.
53. Cox, D.S.; Scott, K.R.; Gao, H.; Raje, S. and Eddington, N. (2001) J. Pharm. Sci., 90, 1540-1552.
54. Cox, D.S.; Scott, K.R.; Gao, H. and Eddington, N. (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 302, 1096-1104.
55. Smith, B.J.; Doran, A.C.; Mclean, S.; Tingley, F.D.; O'Neill, B. and Kajiji, S.M. (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 298, 1202-1259.
56. Schinkel, A.H.; Wagenaar, E.; van Deemter, L.; Mol, C.A.A.M. and Borst, P. (1995) J. Clin. Invest., 96, 1698-1705.
57. Xie, R.J.; Hammarlund-Udenaes, M.; de Boer, A.G. and de Lange, E.C.M. (1999) Br. J. Pharmacol., 128, 563-568.
58. Chen, C. and Pollack, G.M. (1998) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 287, 545-552.
59. Yasuda, K.; Lan, L.; Sanglard, D.; Furuya, K.; Schuetz, J.D. and Schuetz, E.G. (2002). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 303, 323-332.
60. Jonker, J.W.; Wagenaar, E.; van Deemter, L.; Gottschlich, R.; Bender, H.M.; Dasenbrock, J. and Schinkel, A.H. (1999) Br. J. Pharmacol., 127, 43-50.
61. Tamai, I.; Yamashita, J.; Kido, Y.; Yamashita, J.; Ohnari, A.; Sai, Y. and Tsuji, A. (2000) J. Drug Targeting, 8, 383-393.
62. Tamai, I. and Tsuji, A. (2000) J. Pharm. Sci., 89, 1371-1388.
63. Cvetkovic, M.; Leake, B.; Fromm, M.F.; Wilkinson, G.R. and Kim, R.B. (1999) Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 866-871.
64. Chen, C.; Hanson, E.; Watson, J. and Lee, J.S. (2003) Drug Metab. Dispos., 31, 312-318.
65. Matsuzaki, J.; Yamamoto, C.; Miyama, T.; Takanaga, H.; Matsuo, H.; Ishizuka, H.; Kawahara, Y.; Kuwano, M.; Naito, M., Tsuruo, T. and Sawada, Y. (1999) Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 20, 85-90.
66. Hendrikse, N.H.; Schinkel, A.H.; de Vries, E.G.E.; Fluks, E.; van der Graaf, W.T.A.; Willemsen, A.T.M.; Vaalburg, W. and Franssen, E.J.F. (1998) Br. J. Pharmacol., 124, 1413-1418.
67. Doze, P.; van Waarde, A.; Elsinga, P.H.; Hendrikse, N.H. and Vaalburg, W. (2000) Synapse, 36, 66-74.
68. Miyama, T.; Takanaga, H.; Matsu, H.; Yamano, K.; Yamamoto, K.; Iga, T.; Naito, M.; Tsuruo, T.; Ishizuka, H.; Kawahara, Y. and Sawada, Y. (1998) Antimicrobial Agents Chemother., 42, 1738-1744.
69. Meijer, O.C.; de Lange, E.C.M.; Breimer, D.D.; de Boer, A.G.; Workel, J.O. and de Kloet, E.R. (1998) Endocrinol., 139, 1789-1793.
70. Schuetz, E.G., Umbenhauer, D.R.; Yasuda, K.; Brimer, C.; Nguyen, L.; Relling, M.V.; Schuetz, J.D. and Schinkel, A.H. (2000) Mol. Pharmacol., 57, 188-197.
71. Uhr, M.; Holsboer, F. and Muller, M.B. (2002) J. Neuroendocrinol., 14, 753-759.
72. Karssen, A.M.; Meijer, O.C.; van der Sandt, I.C.J.; Lucassen, P.J.; de Lange, E.C.M.; de Boer, A.G. and de Kloet, E.R. (2001) Endocrinol., 142, 2686-2694.
73. Karssen, A.M.; Meijer, O.C.; van der Sandt, I.C.J.; de Boer, A.G.; de Lange, E.C.M. and de Kloet, E.R. (2002) J. Endocrinol., 175, 251-260.
74. Yokogawa, K.; Takahashi, M.; Tamai, I.; Konishi, H.; Nomura, M.; Moritani, S.; Miyamoto, K. and Tsuji, A. (1999) Pharm. Res., 16, 1213-1218.
75. Desrayauld, S.; de Lange, E.C.M.; Lemaire, M.; Bruelisauer, A.; de Boer, A.G. and Breimer, D.D. (1998) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 285, 438-443.
76. Polli, J.W.; Jarrett, J.L.; Studenberg, S.D.; Humphreys, J.E.; Dennis, S.W.; Brouwer, K.R. and Woolley, J.L. (1999) Pharm. Res., 16, 1206-1212.
77. Kim, R.B.; Fromm, M.F.; Wandel, C.; Leake, B.; Wood, A.J.J. and Roden, D.M. (1998) J. Clin. Invet., 101, 289-294.
78. Washington, K.B.; Wiltshire, H.R.; Man, M.; Moy, T.; Harris, S.R.; Worth, E.; Weigl, P.; Liang, Z.; Hall, D.; Marriott, L. and Blaschke, T.F. (2000) Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1058-1062.
79. Mayer, U.; Wagenaar, E.; Dorobek, B.; Beijnen, J.H.; Borst, P. and Schinkel, A.H. (1997) J. Clin. Invst., 100, 2430-2436.
80. Fromm, M.F.; Kim, R.B.; Stein, C.M.; Wilkinson, G.R. and Roden, D.M. (1999) Circul., 99, 552-557.
81. Kusuhara, H; Suzuki, H; Terasaki, T; Kakee, A; Lemaire, M. and Sugiyama, Y. (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 283, 574-580.
82. Tamai, I.; Yamashita, J.; Kido, Y.; Ohnari, A.; Sai, Y.; Shima, Y.; Naruhashi, K.; Koizumi, S. and Tsuji, A. (2000) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 295, 146-152.
83. Yamaguchi, H.; Yano, I.; Saito, H. and Inui, K.I. (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 300, 1063-1069.
84. Murata, M.; Tamai, I.; Kato, H.; Nagata, O.; Kato, H. and Tsuji, A. (1999) J. Pharmacol. Fxp. Ther., 290, 51-57.
85. de Lange E.C.M.; Marchand, S.; van den Berg, D.J.; van der Sandt, I.C.J.; de Boer, A.G.; Delon, A.; Bouquet, S. and Couet, W. (2000) Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 12, 85-93.
86. Schuetz, E.G.; Yasuda, K.; Arimori, K. and Schuetz, J.D. (1998) Archives Biochem. Biophysics, 350, 340-347.
87. Saito, T.; Zhang, Z.; Ohtsubo, T.; Noda, I.; Shibamori, Y.; Yamamoto, T. and Saito, H. (2001) Acta Otolaryngol., 121, 735-742.
88. van Asperen, J.; Schinkel, A.H.; Beijnen, J.H.; Noojen, W.J.; Borst, P. and van Tellingen, O. (1996) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 88, 994-999.
89. van Asperen J.; van Tellingen, O.; Tijssen, F.; Schinkel, A.H. and Beijnen, J.H. (1999) Br. J. Cancer, 79, 108-113.
90. Dagenais C.; Rousselle, C.; Pollack, G.M. and Scherrmann J.M. (2000) J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 20, 381-386.
91. Dai, H.; Marbach, P.; Lemaire, M.; Hayes, M. and Elmquist, W.F. (2003) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 304, 1085-1092.
92. Sharma, V.; Beatty, A.; Wey, S.; Dahlheimer, J.; Pica, C.M.; Crankshaw, C.L.; Bass, L.; Green, M.A.; Welch, M.J. and Piwnica-Worms, D. (2000) Chem. Biol., 7, 335-343.
93. de Lange, E.C.; de Bock, G.; Schinkel, A.H.; de Boer, A.G. and Breimer, D.D. (1998) Pharm. Res., 15, 1657-1665.
94. Kalvass, C. and Maurer, T. (2002) Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 23, 327-338.
95. Chen, C. and Pollack, G.M. (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 283, 1151-1159.
96. Walliam, S.A.; Abbruscato, J.T.; Hruby, V.J. and David, T.P. (1996) J. Neurochem., 66, 1289-1299.
97. Chen, C. and Pollack, G.M. (1997) Pharm. Res., 14, 345-350.
98. Chen, C. and Pollack, G.M. (1999) Pharm. Res., 16, 296-301.
99. Rosen, T.J.; Coffman, K.J.; McLean, S.; Crawford, R.T.; Bryce, D.K.; Gohda, Y.; Tsuchiya, M.; Nagahisa, A.; Nakane, M. and Lowe, J.A. III (1998) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 281-284.
100. Polli, J.W.; Wring, S.A.; Humphreys, J.E.; Huang, L.; Morgan, J.B.; Webster, L.O. and Serabjit-Singh, C.S. (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 299, 620-628.
101. Bardelmeijer, H.A.; Beijnen, J.H.; Brouwer, K.R.; Rosing, H.; Nooijen, W.J., Schellens, J.H.M. and van Tellingen, O. (2000) Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 4416-4421.
102. Sparreboom, A.; van Asperen, J.; Mayer, U.; Schinkel, A.H.; Smit, J.W.; Meijer, D.K.F.; Borst, P.; Nooijen, W.J.; Beijnen, J.H. and van Tellingen, O. (1997) Pro. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 2031-2035.
103. Stephens, R.H.; O'Neill, C.A.; Bennett, J.; Humphrey, M.; Henry, B.; Rowland, M. and Warhurst, G. (2002) Br. J. Pharmacol., 135, 2038-2046.
104. Huisman, M.T.; Smit, J.W.; Wiltshire, H.R.; Hoetelmans, R.M.W.; Beijnen, J.H. and Schinkel, A.H. (2001) Mol. Pharmacol., 59, 806-813.
105. Jonker, J.W.; Smit, J.W.; Brinkhuis, R.F.; Maliepaard, M., Beijnen, J.H.; Schellens, J.H.M. and Schinkel, A.H. (2000) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 92, 1651-1656.
106. Smit, J.W.; Schinkel, A.H.; Weert, B. and Meijer, D.K.F. (1998) Br. J. Pharmacol., 124, 416-424.
107. Beaumont, K.; Harper, A.; Smith, D.A. and Bennett, J. (2000) Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 12, 41-50.
108. Greiner, B.; Eichelbaum, M.; Fritz, P.; Kreichgauer, H.P.; von Richer, O.; Zundler, J. and Kroemer, H.K. (1999) J. Clin. Invest., 104, 147-153.
109. Lin, J.H.; Chiba, M. and Baillie, T.A. (1999) Pharmacol. Rev., 51, 135-158.
110. Naruhashi, K.; Tamai, I.; Inoue, N.; Muraoka, H.; Sai, Y.; Suzuki, N. and Tsuji, A. (2001) J. Pharmacy Pharmacol., 53, 699-709.
111. Imamura, Y.; Shimizu, K.; Yamashita, F.; Yamaoka, K.; Takakura, Y. and Hashida, M. (2001) Biol. Pharmaceut. Bull., 24, 930-934.
112. Ueda, K.; Okamura, N.; Hirai, M.; Tanigawara, Y.; Saeki, T.; Kioka, N.; Komano, T. and Hori, R. (1992) J. Biol. Chem., 267, 24248-24252.
113. Smith, A.J.; Mayer, U.; Schinkel, A.H. and Borst, P. (1998) J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 90, 1161-1165.
114. Lowes, S. and Simmons, N.L. (2002) Br. J. Pharmacol., 135, 1263-1275.
115. Zhang, Y.C. and Benet, L. (2001) Clin. Pharmacok., 40, 159-168.
116. Wrighton, S.A.; Schuetz, E. G.; Thummel, K.E.; Shen, D.D.; Korzekwa, K.R. and Watkin, P.B. (2000) Drug Metab. Rev., 32, 339-361.
117. Allen, J.D. and Schinkel, A.H. (2002) Mol. Cancer Ther., 1, 427-434.
118. Stein, U., Lage, H.; Jordan, A.; Walther, W.; Bates, S.E.; Litman, T.; Hohenberger, P. and Dietel, M. (2002) Intl. J. Cancer, 97, 751-760.
119. de Lange, E.C.M. and Danhof M. (2002) Clin. Pharmacokinet., 41, 691-703.
120. Sadeque, A.J.M.; Wandel, C.; He, H.; Shah, S. and Wood, A.J.J. (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 68, 231-237.
121. Verschraagen, M.; Koks, C.H.; Schellens, J.H. and Beijnen, J.H. (1999) Pharmacol. Res., 40, 301-306.
122. Jalava, K.M.; Partanen, J. and Neuvonen, P.J. (1997) Ther. Drug Monit., 19, 609-613.
123. Westphal, K.; Weinbrenner, A.; Giessmann, T.; Stuhr, M.; Franke, G.; Zschiesche, M.; Oertel, R.; Terhaag, B.; Kroemer, H.K. and Siegmund, W. (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 68, 6-12.
124. Schwarz, U.I.; Gramatte, T.; Krappweis, J.; Berndt, A.; Oertel, R.; von Richter, O. and Kirch, W. (1999) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 65, 283-290.
125. Hamman, M.A.; Bruce, M.A.; Haehner-Daniels, B.D. and Hall, S.D. (2001) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 114-121.
126. Wang, Z.; Hamman, M.A.; Huang, S.M.; Lesko, L.J. and Hall, S.D. (2002) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 71, 414-420.
127. Dresser, G.K.; Schwarz, U.I.; Wilkinson, G.R. and Kim, R.B. (2003) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 73, 41-50.
128. Khaliq, Y.; Gallicano, K.; Venance, S.; Kravcik, S. and Cameron, D.W. (2000) Clin. Pharmacol., 68, 637-646.
129. Kruijtzer, C.M.F.; Beijnen, J.H.; Rosing, H.; ten Bokkel Huinink, W.W.; Schot, M.; Jewell, R.C.; Paul, E.M. and Schellens, J.H.M. (2002) J. Clin. Oncol., 20, 2943-2950.
130. van Zuylen, L; Verweij, J.; Nooter, K.; Brouwer, E.; Stoter, G. and Sparreboom, A. (2000) Clin. Cancer Res., 6, 2598-2603.
131. Terwogt, J.M.M.; Beijnen, J.H.; ten Bokkel Huinink, W.W.; Rosing, H. and Schellens, J.H.M. (1998) Lancet, 352, 285.
132. Kupta, S.; Kim, J. and Gollapudi, S. (1991) J. Clin. Invet., 87, 1467-1469.
133. Kaukonen, K.M.; Olkkola, K.T. and Neuvonen, P.J. (1997) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 62, 510-517.
134. Burstein, A.; Horton, R.L.; Dunn, T.; Alfaro, R.M.; Piscitelli, S. and Theodore, W. (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 68, 605-612.
135. Hendrikse, N.H. and Vaalburg, W. (2002) Novartis Foundation Symp., 243, 137-145.
136. Link, J.M. (2003) Am. Association Pharmaceut. Scientists Transport Workshop: from the bench to bedside. Peachtree, G.A.
137. Perloff, M.D.; von Moltke, L.L.; Cotreau, M.M. and Greenblatt, D.J. (1999) Biochem. Pharmacol., 57, 1227-1232.