New Perspectives on Dietary-derived Treatments and Food Safety—Antinomy in a New Era

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

Volumn 55, Issue 13, 2015, Pages 1836-1859

  Pan, Si Yuan ^a   Gao, Si Hua ^a   Lin, Rui Chao ^a   Zhou, Shu Feng ^b   Dong, Hong Guan ^c   Tang, Min Ke ^a   Yu, Zhi Ling ^d   Ko, Kam Ming ^e  

^a BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^c LA TOUR HOSPITAL   (Switzerland)

^d HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

^e HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

antinomy; food safety; food supplement; food therapy; food borne illnesses; Functional food

Indexed keywords

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DISEASE CONTROL; DISEASES; FUNCTIONAL FOOD;

ANTINOMY; CONTRIBUTING FACTOR; DEVELOPED COUNTRIES; FOOD SUPPLEMENTS; FOOD-BORNE ILLNESS; HARMFUL SUBSTANCES; MEDICINAL PRODUCTS; SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY;

FOOD SAFETY;

CHRONIC DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FOOD SAFETY; FOODBORNE DISEASES; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; HYPERTENSION; MEDICINAL PLANT; NEOPLASMS; ORGANIC FOOD; PRODUCT SAFETY;

CHRONIC DISEASE; CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FOOD HABITS; FOOD SAFETY; FOOD, ORGANIC; FOODBORNE DISEASES; HUMANS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; HYPERTENSION; NEOPLASMS; PLANTS, MEDICINAL;

EID: 84929925734     PISSN: 10408398     EISSN: 15497852     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.654286     Document Type: Article

References (265)

1. S.Agarwal, and A.V.Rao, (2000). Tomato lycopene and its role in human health and chronic diseases. CMAJ. 163:739–744.
2. A.M.Ahhmed, and M.Muguruma, (2010). A review of meat protein hydrolysates and hypertension. Meat Sci. 86(1):110–118.
3. T.Ahmad,, M.Rafatullah,, A.Ghazali,, O.Sulaiman,, R.Hashim, and A.Ahmad, (2010). Removal of pesticides from water and wastewater by different adsorbents: A review. J. Environ. Sci. Health C Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. 28(4):231–271.
4. N.Allocati,, M.Masulli,, M.F.Alexeyev, and C.Di Ilio, (2913). Escherichia coli in Europe: An overview. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 10(12):6235–6254.
5. E.S.Almberg,, P.C.Cross,, C.J.Johnson,, D.M.Heisey, and B.J.Richards, (2011). Modeling routes of chronic wasting disease transmission: Environmental prion persistence promotes deer population decline and extinction. PLoS One 6(5):e19896
6. W.Altorf-van der Kuil,, M.F.Engberink,, F.J.van Rooij,, A.Hofman,, P.van't Veer,, J.C.Witteman, and J.M.Geleijnse, (2010). Dietary protein and risk of hypertension in a Dutch older population: The Rotterdam study. J. Hypertens. 8(12):2394–2400.
7. S.Amaike, and N.P.Keller, (2010). Aspergillus flavus. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 49:107–133.
8. C.Ando,, N.Takahashi,, S.Hirai,, K.Nishimura,, S.Lin,, T.Uemura,, T.Goto,, R.Yu,, J.Nakagami,, S.Murakami, and T.Kawada, (2009). Luteolin, a food-derived flavonoid, suppresses adipocyte-dependent activation of macrophages by inhibiting JNK activation. FEBS Lett. 583(22):3649–3654.
9. Y.An,, L.Jiang,, J.Cao,, C.Geng, and L.Zhong, (2007). Sudan I induces genotoxic effects and oxidative DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Mutat. Res. 627:164–170.
10. H.Arimochi,, K.Morita,, S.Nakanishi,, K.Kataoka, and T.Kuwahara, (2009). Production of apoptosis-inducing substances from soybean protein by Clostridium butyricum: Characterization of their toxic effects on human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett. 277(2):190–198.
11. Baidu. (2011). Melamine. Available from http://baike.baidu.com/view/298398.htm. Accessed May 9, 2011. Chinese.
12. R.L.Bailey,, K.W.Dodd,, J.J.Gahche,, J.T.Dwyer,, M.A.McDowell,, E.A.Yetley,, C.A.Sempos,, V.L.Burt,, K.L.Radimer, and M.F.Picciano, (2010). Total folate and folic acid intake from foods and dietary supplements in the United States: 2003–2006. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 91(1):231–237.
13. J.Bansal,, P.Pantazopoulos,, J.Tam,, P.Cavlovic,, K.Kwong,, A.M.Turcotte,, B.P.Lau, and P.M.Scott, (2011). Surveys of rice sold in Canada for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and fumonisins. Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess. 28(6):767–774.
14. J.A.Barash, (2009). Clinical features of sporadic fatal insomnia. Rev. Neurol. Dis. 6(3):E87–93.
15. R.D.Baris,, S.Z.Cohen,, N.L.Barnes,, J.Lam, and Q.Ma, (2010). Quantitative analysis of over 20 years of golf course monitoring studies. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 29(6):1224–1236.
16. S.Basaria,, A.Wisniewski,, K.Dupree,, T.Bruno,, M.Y.Song,, F.Yao,, A.Ojumu,, M.John, and A.S.Dobs, (2009). Effect of high-dose isoflavones on cognition, quality of life, androgens, and lipoprotein in post-menopausal women. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 32(2):150–155.
17. S.Bastianetto,, S.Krantic, and R.Quirion, (2008). Polyphenols as potential inhibitors of amyloid aggregation and toxicity: Possible significance to Alzheimer's disease. Mini. Rev. Med. Chem. 8:429–435.
18. Beijing Daily. (2010). Chinese herb feed additives. Available from http://teyang.aweb.com.cn/2010/0127/658094740160.shtml. Accessed November 25, 2010. Chinese
19. Beijing Evening News. (2001). Poisonous rice in China. Available from http://finance.sina.com.cn/x/20010919/109319.html. Accessed July 3, 2011. Chinese.
20. E.A.Belyaeva,, D.Dymkowska,, M.R.Wieckowski, and L.Wojtczak, (2008). Mitochondria as an important target in heavy metal toxicity in rat hepatoma AS-30D cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 231(1):34–42.
21. D.Benford,, M.Dinovi, and R.W.Setzer, (2010). Application of the margin-of-exposure (MoE) approach to substances in food that are genotoxic and carcinogenic e.g.: Benzo[a]pyrene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Food Chem. Toxicol. 48(Suppl 1):S42–48.
22. A.M.Bernstein,, D.E.Bloom,, B.A.Rosner,, M.Franz, and W.C.Willett, (2010). Relation of food cost to healthfulness of diet among US women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 92(5):1197–1203.
23. H.Bottemiller, (2010). New estimates lower incidence of food poisoning. Available from http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/12/cdc-releases-new-foodborne-illness/#.U1qOCI2BT6I. Accessed March 14, 2011.
24. J.C.Bourdon,, M.P.Khoury,, A.Diot,, L.Baker,, K.Fernandes,, M.Aoubala,, P.Quinlan,, C.A.Purdie,, L.B.Jordan,, A.C.Prats,, D.P.Lane, and A.M.Thompson, (2011). p53 mutant breast cancer patients expressing p53γ have as good a prognosis as wild-type p53 breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res. 13(1):R7.
25. J.M.Bradshaw,, G.R.Pearson, and T.J.Gruffydd-Jones, (2004). A retrospective study of 286 cases of neurological disorders of the cat. J. Comp. Pathol. 131(2–3):112–120.
26. K.Brown, and J.A.Mastrianni, (2010). The prion diseases. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 23(4):277–298.
27. S.Budhathoki,, A.M.Joshi,, K.Ohnaka,, G.Yin,, K.Toyomura,, S.Kono,, R.Mibu,, M.Tanaka,, Y.Kakeji,, Y.Maehara,, T.Okamura,, K.Ikejiri,, K.Futami,, T.Maekawa,, Y.Yasunami,, K.Takenaka,, H.Ichimiya, and R.Terasaka, (2011). Soy food and isoflavone intake and colorectal cancer risk: The Fukuoka colorectal cancer study. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 46(2):165–172.
28. S.Bulut,, L.Akkaya,, V.Gök, and M.Konuk, (2010). Organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in cow's, buffalo's, and sheep's milk from Afyonkarahisar region, Turkey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 181(1–4):555–562.
29. B.Burton-Freeman, (2010). Postprandial metabolic events and fruit-derived phenolics: A review of the science. Br. J. Nutr. 104(Suppl 3):S1–S14.
30. F.Cai,, W.Gao,, H.Li,, J.Chen, and Z.Li, (2010). Aflatoxin contamination of Chinese herbal medicine in China and its potential management strategies. China J. Chin. Mater. Med. 35(19):2503–2507. Chinese.
31. V.Calabrese,, C.Cornelius,, A.Trovato,, M.Cavallaro,, C.Mancuso,, L.Di Rienzo,, D.Condorelli,, De A.Lorenzo, and E.J.Calabrese, (2010). The hormetic role of dietary antioxidants in free radical-related diseases. Curr. Pharm. Des. 6:877–883.
32. N.Calonge,, D.B.Petitti,, T.G.DeWitt,, A.J.Dietrich,, K.D.Gregory,, D.Grossman,, G.Isham,, M.L.LeFevre,, R.M.Leipzig,, L.N.Marion,, B.Melnyk,, V.A.Moyer,, J.K.Ockene,, G.F.Sawaya,, J.S.Schwartz, and T.Wilt, (2009). Folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects: U. S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann. Intern. Med. 150:626–631.
33. J.R.Carey, (2003). Life span: A conceptual overview. Available from http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/PDRSupplements/Vol29_LifeSpan/Carey_pp1--18.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2011.
34. B.R.Carone,, L.Fauquier,, N.Habib,, J.M.Shea,, C.E.Hart,, R.Li,, C.Bock,, C.Li,, H.Gu,, P.D.Zamore,, A.Meissner,, H.A.Hofmann,, N.Friedman, and O.J.Rando, (2010). Paternally induced transgenerational environmental reprogramming of metabolic gene expression in mammals. Cell 143(7):1084–1096.
35. B.Carratù,, E.Federici,, F.R.Gallo,, A.Geraci,, M.Guidotti,, G.Multari,, G.Palazzino, and E.Sanzini, (2010). Plants and parts of plants used in food supplements: An approach to their safety assessments. Ann. Ist. Super. Sanita 46(4):370–388.
36. CCTV. (2008). The benefits of chicken fed a feed containing Chinese herb. Available from http://space.tv.cctv.com/act/article.jsp?articleId=ARTI1208854310638566. Accessed June 14, 2011. Chinese.
37. CCTV. (2011). Shanghai Hualian supermarket traced to many years of dyeing bread sales. Available from http://news.qq.com/a/20110411/001376.htm. Accessed June 29, 2011. Chinese.
38. W.C.Chang, (2011a). Dietary intake and the risk of hyperuricemia, gout and chronic kidney disease in elderly Taiwanese men. Aging Male 14(3):195–202
39. A.Y.Chang, (2011b). Waste oil in China. Available from http://forum.china.com.cn/thread-1077837--1-1.html. Accessed July 2, 2011. Chinese.
40. R.Chan,, J.Woo, and J.Leung, (2011). Effects of food groups and dietary nutrients on bone loss in elderly Chinese population. J. Nutr. Health Aging 15(4):287–294.
41. M.Chen,, A.Shelton, and G.Y.Ye,, (2011). Insect-resistant genetically modified rice in China: From research to commercialization. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 56:81–101.
42. C.C.Chen, and Y.H.Wang, (2014). Estimation of the exposure of the UK population to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent through dietary intake during the period 1980 to 1996. PLoS One, 15;9(4):e94020.
43. China.com.cn. (2011). Leather milk in China. Available from http://www1.china.com.cn/economic/node_7111414.htm. Accessed July 12, 2011. Chinese.
44. China's food safety. (2011). China's food safety incidents in 2011. Available from http://www.21food.cn/html/zhuanti/foodsafe2011/. Accessed April 26, 2014. Chinese.
45. Chinese food therapy. (2010a) Available from http://www.dhyansanjivani.org/chinese_food.asp. Accessed November 27, 2010.
46. Chinese food therapy. (2010b) Available from http://www.dhyansanjivani.org/chinese_food.asp. Accessed July 12, 2010.
47. K.Chong-Han, (2010). Dietary lipophilic antioxidants: Implications and significance in the aging process. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 50(10):931–937.
48. J.Conly, (2010). Antimicrobial resistance: Revisiting the “tragedy of the commons”. Bull. World Health Organ 88(11):805–806.
49. X.Cui,, Q.Dai,, M.Tseng,, X.O.Shu,, Y.T.Gao, and W.Zheng, (2007). Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in the shanghai breast cancer study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 16(7):1443–1448.
50. L.Das,, E.Bhaumik,, U.Raychaudhuri, and R.Chakraborty, (2012). Role of nutraceuticals in human health. J. Food Sci. Technol. 49(2):173–83
51. D.Delaney,, K.Maluniu,, C.Sondra, et al. (2008). How to boost your intake of polyphenol antioxidants. Available from http://www.wikihow.com/Boost-Your-Intake-of-Polyphenol-Antioxidants. Accessed Nov 6, 2010.
52. C.De Miguel,, H.Lund, and D.L.Mattson, (2011). High dietary protein exacerbates hypertension and renal damage in Dahl SS rats by increasing infiltrating immune cells in the kidney. Hypertension 57(2):269–274.
53. J.S.de Vendômois,, D.Cellier,, C.Vélot,, E.Clair,, R.Mesnage, and G.E.Séralini, (2010). Debate on GMOs health risks after statistical findings in regulatory tests. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 6(6):590–598.
54. S.Dharmananda, (2006). The fate of areca from abuse to loss? Available from http://www.itmonline.org/arts/areca.htm. Accessed November 27, 2010.
55. R.Di Cagno,, F.Mazzacane,, C.G.Rizzello,, O.Vincentini,, M.Silano,, G.Giuliani,, M.De Angelis, and M.Gobbetti, (2010). Synthesis of isoflavone aglycones and equol in soy milks fermented by food-related lactic acid bacteria and their effect on human intestinal Caco-2 cells. J. Agric. Food Chem. 58(19):10338–10346.
56. DNKB. (2011). Plasticizing agent poisoned in Taiwan for nearly 30 years. Available from http://digi.dnkb.com.cn/dnkb/html/2011--05/29/content_167812.htm. Accessed June 16, 2011. Chinese.
57. A.Dona, and I.S.Arvanitoyannis, (2009). Health risks of genetically modified foods. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 49(2):164–175.
58. J.L.Dorne,, G.E.Kass,, L.R.Bordajandi,, B.Amzal,, U.Bertelsen,, A.F.Castoldi,, C.Heppner,, M.Eskola,, S.Fabiansson,, P.Ferrari,, E.Scaravelli,, E.Dogliotti,, P.Fuerst,, A.R.Boobis, and P.Verger, (2011). Human risk assessment of heavy metals: Principles and applications. Met. Ions Life Sci. 8:27–60.
59. R.Do,, C.Xie,, X.Zhang,, S.Männistö,, K.Harald,, S.Islam,, S.D.Bailey,, S.Rangarajan,, M.J.McQueen,, R.Diaz,, L.Lisheng,, X.Wang,, K.Silander,, L.Peltonen,, S.Yusuf,, V.Salomaa,, J.C.Engert,, S.S.Anand, and INTERHEART investigators. (2011). The Effect of chromosome 9p21 variants on cardiovascular disease may be modified by dietary intake: Evidence from a case/control and a prospective study. PloS Med. 9(10):e1001106. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001106.
60. N.Dungal, and J.Sigurjonsson, (1967). Gastric cancer and diet. A pilot study on dietary habits in two districts differing markedly in respect of mortality from gastric cancer. Br. J.Cancer 21(2):270–276.
61. EFSA GMO Panel Working Group on Animal Feeding Trials. (2008). Safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed: The role of animal feeding trials. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46(Suppl 1):S2–S70.
62. M.S.El-Shahawi,, A.Hamza,, A.S.Bashammakh, and W.T.Al-Saggaf, (2010). An overview on the accumulation, distribution, transformations, toxicity and analytical methods for the monitoring of persistent organic pollutants. Talanta 80:1587–1597.
63. J.W.J.Erdman, J. W. Jr., N.A.Ford, and B.L.Lindshield, (2009). Are the health attributes of lycopene related to its antioxidant function? Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 483:229–235.
64. K.Erdmann,, B.W.Cheung, and H.Schröder, 2008. The possible roles of food-derived bioactive peptides in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. J. Nutr. Biochem. 19:643–654.
65. T.Erik, (2005). James Lind, Zheng He and the prevention of scurvy. Available from http://www.orthomolecular.org/library/jom/2005/pdf/2005-v20n04-p255.pdf. Accessed November 28, 2010.
66. A.S.Faruque,, A.M.Ahmed,, T.Ahmed,, M.M.Islam,, M.I.Hossain,, S.K.Roy,, N.Alam,, I.Kabir, and D.A.Sack, (2008). Nutrition: Basis for healthy children and mothers in Bangladesh. J. Health Popul. Nutr. 26:325–339.
67. J.S.Felton,, M.G.Knize,, R.W.Wu,, M.E.Colvin,, F.T.Hatch, and M.A.Malfatti, (2007). Mutagenic potency of food-derived heterocyclic amines. Mut. Res. 616:90–94.
68. D.G.R.Femenias, (2005). Fresh fruit and vegetables as health foods in the human diet. Available from http://www.frutas-hortalizas.com/pdf_UK09/168_181.pdf. Accessed November 11, 2010.
69. M.Fenton,, P.Ross,, O.McAuliffe,, J.O’Mahony, and A.Coffey, (2010). Recombinant bacteriophage lysins as antibacterials. Bioeng. Bugs 1(1):9–16.
70. Food Standards Agency. (2013). Measuring foodborne illness levels. Available from http://www.food.gov.uk/policy-advice/microbiology/fds/58736#.U1qGjY2BT6I. Accessed March 12, 2011.
71. B.L.Freeman,, D.L.Eggett, and T.L.Parker, (2010). Synergistic and antagonistic interactions of phenolic compounds found in navel oranges. J. Food Sci. 75(6):C570–76.
72. P.P.Fu,, H.M.Chiang,, Q.Xia,, T.Chen,, B.H.Chen,, J.J.Yin,, K.C.Wen,, G.Lin, and H.Yu, (2009). Quality assurance and safety of herbal dietary supplements. J. Environ. Sci. Health C Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. 27(2):91–119.
73. Functional Food. (2009). Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_food. Accessed November 5, 2010.
74. Functional Food in China. Available from http://www.bjwcn.com/yingxiao/123.html. Accessed November 11, 2010. Chinese.
75. T.R.Ganapathi,, G.B.Sunil Kumar,, L.Srinivas,, C.J.Revathi, and V.A.Bapat, (2007). Analysis of the limitations of hepatitis B surface antigen expression in soybean cell suspension cultures. Plant Cell Rep. 26(9):1575–1584.
76. C.Gemma,, J.Vila,, A.Bachstetter, and P.C.Bickford, (2007). Chapter 15 oxidative stress and the aging brain: From theory to prevention. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK3869/. Accessed April 25, 2014
77. R.Ghali,, K.H.Khlifa,, H.Ghorbel,, K.Maaroufi, and A.Hedilli, (2010). Aflatoxin determination in commonly consumed foods in Tunisia. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90(14):2347–2351.
78. D.Ghosh, (2010). Personalised food: How personal is it? Genes Nutr. 5(1):51–53.
79. D.G.Gibson,, J.I.Glass,, C.Lartigue,, V.N.Noskov,, R.Y.Chuang,, M.A.Algire,, G.A.Benders,, M.G.Montague,, L.Ma,, M.M.Moodie,, C.Merryman,, S.Vashee,, R.Krishnakumar,, N.Assad-Garcia,, C.Andrews-Pfannkoch,, E.A.Denisova,, L.Young,, Z.Q.Qi,, T.H.Segall-Shapiro,, C.H.Calvey,, P.P.Parmar,, C.A.Hutchison, 3rd., H.O.Smith, and J.C.Venter, (2010). Creation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genome. Science 329:52–56.
80. S.Gilch,, N.Chitoor,, Y.Taguchi,, M.Stuart,, J.E.Jewell, and H.M.Schätzl, (2011). Chronic wasting disease. Top. Curr. Chem. 305:51–77.
81. M.Gobbetti,, R.D.Cagno, and M.De Angelis, (2010). Functional microorganisms for functional food quality. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 50(8):716–727.
82. H.C.Godfray,, J.R.Beddington,, I.R.Crute, L.Haddad,, D.Lawrence,, J.F.Muir,, J.Pretty,, S.Robinson,, S.M.Thomas, and C.Toulmin, (2010). Food security: The challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327(5967):812–818.
83. F.J.Gormley,, C.L.Little,, N.Rawal,, I.A.Gillespie,, S.Lebaigue, and G.K.Adak, (2011). A 17-year review of foodborne outbreaks: Describing the continuing decline in England and Wales (1992–2008). Epidemiol. Infect. 139(5):688–699.
84. C.M.Gossner,, J.Schlundt,, P.Ben Embarek,, S.Hird,, D.Lo-Fo-Wong,, J.J.Beltran,, K.N.Teoh, and A.Tritscher, (2009). The melamine incident: Implications for international food and feed safety. Environ. Health Perspect. 117(12):1803–1808.
85. D.Goyary, and R.Sharma, (2010). Dietary restriction prevents diabetogenic effect of streptozotocin in mice. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys. 47(4):254–256.
86. R.Graziose,, M.A.Lila, and I.Raskin, (2010). Merging traditional Chinese medicine with modern drug discovery technologies to find novel drugs and functional foods. Curr. Drug Discov. Technol. 7(1):2–12.
87. GuangMing Daily. (2008). Smoked and fried food is harmful. Available from http://www.gov.cn/fwxx/kp/2008--04/07/content_937855.htm. Accessed November 27, 2010. Chinese
88. C.Guang, and R.D.Phillips, (2009). Plant food-derived Angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 57(12):5113–5120.
89. Guangzhou Daily. (2011a). Dongguan in Guangdong province, a large number of suspected storage system with ink stone batik vermicelli., at Available from http://news.163.com/11/0424/03/72CHTJ8R00014AED.html. Accessed July 17, 2011. Chinese.
90. Guangzhou Daily. (2011b). Four Chinese-made food products of melamine detected in the United States. Available from http://news.163.com/11/0318/04/6VDBEOJC00014AED.html. Accessed March 24, 2011. Chinese.
91. N.P.Gullett,, A.R.Ruhul Amin,, S.Bayraktar, J.M.Pezzuto,, D.M.Shin,, F.R.Khuri, B.B.Aggarwal,, Y.J.Surh, and O.Kucuk, (2010). Cancer prevention with natural compounds. Semin. Oncol. 37(3):258–281.
92. D.Gunnell,, M.Eddleston,, M.R.Phillips, and F.Konradsen, (2007). The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: Systematic review. BMC Public Health, doi:10.1186/1471–2458–7-357
93. K.G.Györéné,, A.Varga, and A.Lugasi, (2006). A comparison of chemical composition and nutritional value of organically and conventionally grown plant derived foods. Orv. Hetil. 147:2081–2090. Hungarian.
94. H.M.Han, and B.K.Koh, (2011). Antioxidant activity of hard wheat flour, dough and bread prepared using various processes with the addition of different phenolic acids. J. Sci. Food Agric. 91(4):604–608.
95. C.A.Heath,, S.A.Cooper,, K.Murray,, A.Lowman,, C.Henry,, M.A.MacLeod,, G.Stewart,, M.Zeidler,, J.M.McKenzie,, R.S.Knight, and R.G.Will, (2011). Diagnosing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A retrospective analysis of the first 150 cases in the UK. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 82(6):646–651.
96. Heavy Metal Detoxification. (2009). Available from http://www.lef.org/protocols/health_concerns/heavy_metal_detoxification_07.htm. Accessed July 2, 2011.
97. Heavy Metal Toxicity. (2011). Available from http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-156b.shtml. Accessed May 3, 2011.
98. D.Heber, (2004). Vegetables, fruits and phytoestrogens in the prevention of diseases. J. Postgrad Med. 50(2):145–149.
99. Q.He,, H.Chan, and L.B.Liu, (2009). The function and risk control of chemical additives in foods. Prog. Chem. 21(11):2424–2434. Chinese.
100. F.Hirayama,, A.H.Lee,, C.W.Binns,, Y.Zhao,, T.Hiramatsu,, Y.Tanikawa,, K.Nishimura, and H.Taniguchi, (2009). Soy consumption and risk of COPD and respiratory symptoms: A case-control study in Japan. Respir. Res. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-56.
101. D.M.Hornbeak,, M.Dirani,, W.K.Sham,, J.Li,, T.L.Young,, T.Y.Wong,, Y.S.Chong, and S.M.Saw, (2010). Emerging trends in breastfeeding practices in Singaporean Chinese women: Findings from a population-based study. Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore 39(2):88–94.
102. M.C.Houston, (2007). The role of mercury and cadmium heavy metals in vascular disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. Altern. Ther. Health. Med. 13(2):S128–133.
103. K.Hug, (2008). Genetically modified organisms: Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Medicina (Kaunas), 44(2):87–99.
104. J.R.Ingelfinger (2008). Melamine and the global implications of food contamination. N. Engl. J. Med. 359:2745–2748.
105. E.Islam,, X.E.Yang,, Z.L.He, and Q.Mahmood, (2007). Assessing potential dietary toxicity of heavy metals in selected vegetables and food crops. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B, 8(1):1–13.
106. R.Iyer, and S.K.Tomar, (2009). Folate: A functional food constituent. J. Food Sci. 74(9):R114–122.
107. L.Jacobs, and W.Shoemaker,. (2007). Can You Live to Be 120 Years Old? Available from http://ramlea.5u.com/Can%20120.htm. Accessed April 25, 2014
108. F.Jirillo,, E.Jirillo, and T.Magrone, (2010). Donkey's and goat's milk consumption and benefits to human health with special reference to the inflammatory status. Curr. Pharm. De. 16:859–863.
109. L.Järup, (2003). Hazards of heavy metal contamination. Br. Med. Bull. 68:167–182.
110. H.Kaboré,, P.Michel,, P.Levallois,, P.Déry,, P.Payment, and G.Lebel, (2010). A descriptive review of selected nonviral enteric illnesses reported in children in Quebec between 1999 and 2006. Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol. 21(2):e92–e98.
111. A.Kamili,, E.Wat,, R.W.Chung,, S.Tandy,, J.M.Weir,, P.J.Meikle, and J.S.Cohn, (2010). Hepatic accumulation of intestinal cholesterol is decreased and fecal cholesterol excretion is increased in mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with milk phospholipids. Nutr. Metab. (Lond), 7:90.
112. M.Kanerva,, J.Ollgren,, A.J.Hakanen, and O.Lyytikäinen, (2012). Estimating the burden of healthcare-associated infections caused by selected multidrug-resistant bacteria Finland, 2010. Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control 1(1):33. doi: 10.1186/2047-2994-1-33.
113. A.J.Karabelas,, K.V.Plakas,, E.S.Solomou,, V.Drossou, and D.A.Sarigiannis, (2009). Impact of European legislation on marketed pesticides—a view from the standpoint of health impact assessment studies. Environ. Int. 35(7):1096–1107.
114. A.E.Kastanaki,, C.F.Kraniotis,, E.F.Kranioti,, D.Nathena,, P.N.Theodorakis, and M.Michalodimitrakis, (2010). Suicide by pesticide poisoning: Findings from the island of Crete, Greece. Crisis 31(6):328–334.
115. A.Kato-Kataoka,, M.Sakai,, R.Ebina,, C.Nonaka,, T.Asano, and T.Miyamori, (2010). Soybean-derived phosphatidylserine improves memory function of the elderly Japanese subjects with memory complaints. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. 47(3):246–255.
116. C.Kaur, and E.A.Ling, (2008). Antioxidants and neuroprotection in the adult and developing central nervous system. Curr. Med. Chem. 5:3068–3080.
117. M.C.Keifer, and J.Firestone, (2007). Neurotoxicity of pesticides. J. Agromedicine 12(1):17–25.
118. D.B.Kell, (2010). Towards a unifying, systems biology understanding of large-scale cellular death and destruction caused by poorly liganded iron: Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, prions, bactericides, chemical toxicology and others as examples. Arch. Toxicol. 84(11):825–889.
119. J.W.Kemnitz, (2011). Calorie restriction and aging in nonhuman primates. ILAR. J. 52(1):66–77.
120. S.Kim, (2010). Salmonella serovars from foodborne and waterborne diseases in Korea, 1998–2007: Total isolates decreasing versus rare serovars emerging. J. Korean Med. Sci. 25(12):1693–1699.
121. H.W.Kim, and J.M.Khil, (2007). A study on isoflavones intake from soy foods and perimenstrual symptoms. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 37(3):276–285. Korean
122. M.A.Klich, 2007. Aspergillus flavus: The major producer of aflatoxin. Mol. Plant Pathol. 8 (6):713–722.
123. A.Koluman, and A.Dikici, (2013). Antimicrobial resistance of emerging foodborne pathogens: Status quo and global trends. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 39(1):57–69.
124. I.Kosalec,, J.Cvek, and S.Tomić, (2009). Contaminants of medicinal herbs and herbal products. Arh. Hig. Rada Toksikol. 60(4):485–501.
125. G.B.Kumar,, T.R.Ganapathi,, C.J.Revathi,, L.Srinivas, and V.A.Bapat, (2005). Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen in transgenic banana plants. Planta 222:484–493.
126. D.J.Lanska, (2010). Chapter 29: Historical aspects of the major neurological vitamin deficiency disorders: Overview and fat-soluble vitamin A. Handb. Clin. Neurol. 95:435–444.
127. G.La Rosa,, M.Pourshaban,, M.Iaconelli, and M.Muscillo, (2008). Detection of genogroup IV noroviruses in environmental and clinical samples and partial sequencing through rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Arch. Virol. 153:2077–2083.
128. S.J.Lee,, J.K.Ahn,, T.D.Khanh,, S.C.Chun,, S.L.Kim,, H.M.Ro,, H.K.Song, and I.M.Chung, (2007). Comparison of isoflavone concentrations in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) sprouts grown under two different light conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55(23):9415–9421.
129. S.J.Lee,, H.S.Lim,, E.Masliah, and H.J.Lee, (2011). Protein aggregate spreading in neurodegenerative diseases: Problems and perspectives. Neurosci. Res. 70(4):339–348.
130. M.M.Lee, and J.M.Shen, (2008). Dietary patterns using traditional Chinese medicine principles in epidemiological studies. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 17(Suppl 1):79–81.
131. K.S.Leung,, K.Chan,, C.L.Chan, and G.H.Lu, (2005). Systematic evaluation of organochlorine pesticide residues in Chinese materia medica. Phytother. Res. 19(6):514–518.
132. P.P.Liberski, and H.Budka, (2004). Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker disease. I. Human diseases. Folia Neuropathol. 42(Suppl B):120–140.
133. P.P.Liberski, and D.Kuru, (2009). Carleton Gajdusek: A close encounter. Folia Neuropathol. 47(2):114–137.
134. P.P.Liberski,, B.Sikorska,, D.Guiroy, and R.A.Bessen, (2009). Transmissible mink encephalopathy—review of the etiology of a rare prion disease. Folia Neuropathol. 47(2):195–204.
135. X.Liu,, Y.Chen,, X.Wang, and R.Ji, (2004). Foodborne disease outbreaks in China from 1992 to 2001 national foodborne disease surveillance system. J Hyg Res. 33:725–727. Chinese.
136. J.Liu,, J.Xing, and Y.Fei, (2008). Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and cancer prevention: A systematic review of randomized trials and epidemiological studies. Chin. Med. 3:12.
137. C.U.Loechl,, P.Menon,, M.Arimond,, M.T.Ruel,, G.Pelto,, J.P.Habicht, and L.Michaud, (2009). Using programme theory to assess the feasibility of delivering micronutrient Sprinkles through a food-assisted maternal and child health and nutrition programme in rural Haiti. Matern. Child Nutr. 5:33–48.
138. J.B.Lu, (2010). Cancer preventive guide. Available from http://www.china-anti-cancer.net/linkg05.htm. Accessed March 28, 2011. Chinese
139. A.T.Luís,, P.Teixeira,, S.F.Almeida,, J.X.Matos, and E.F.da Silva, (2011). Environmental impact of mining activities in the Lousal area (Portugal): Chemical and diatom characterization of metal-contaminated stream sediments and surface water of Corona stream. Sci. Total. Environ. 409(20):4312–4325.
140. B.M.Lund, and S.J.O’Brien,, (2011). The occurrence and prevention of foodborne disease in vulnerable people. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 8(9):961–973
141. L.MacDonald,, B.C.Foster, and H.Akhtar, (2009). Food and therapeutic product interactions—a therapeutic perspective. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 12(3) 367–377.
142. D.J.Madureira,, F.T.Weiss,, P.Van Midwoud,, D.E.Helbling,, S.J.Sturla, and K.Schirmer, (2014). Systems toxicology approach to understand the kinetics of benzo(a)pyrene uptake, biotransformation, and DNA adduct formation in a liver cell model. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 27(3):443–453.
143. W.Mair, and A.Dillin, (2008). Aging and survival: The genetics of life span extension by dietary restriction. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 77:727–754.
144. H.B.Mathur,, H.C.Agarwal,, S.Johnson, and N.Saikia, (2005). Analysis of pesticide residues in blood samples from villages of Punjab. Available from http://www.cseindia.org/userfiles/Punjab_blood_report.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2011.
145. K.Mattison, (2011). Norovirus as a foodborne disease hazard. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 62:1–39.
146. P.S.Mead,, L.Slutsker,, V.Dietz,, L.F.McCaig,, J.S.Bresee,, C.Shapiro,, P.M.Griffin, and R.V.Tauxe, (1999). Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect. Dis. 5(5):607–625.
147. A.K.Meena,, P.Bansal,, S.Kumar,, M.M.Rao, and V.K.Garg, (2010). Estimation of heavy metals in commonly used medicinal plants: A market basket survey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 170(1–4):657–660.
148. B.Mepham, (2011). Food additives: An ethical evaluation. Br. Med. Bull 99:7–23.
149. M.Messina, (2010). Insights gained from 20 years of soy research. J. Nutr. 140(12):2289S–2295S.
150. H.I.Miller, (2010). The regulation of agricultural biotechnology: Science shows a better way. N. Biotechnol. 27(5):628–634.
151. Modern Express. (2008). Carcinogenic food. Available from http://news.xinhuanet.com/health/2008--06/13/content_8358893.htm. Accessed November 27, 2010. Chinese
152. A.M.Molesworth,, J.Mackenzie,, D.Everington,, R.S.Knight, and R.G.Will, (2011). Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and risk of blood transfusion in the United Kingdom. Transfusion 51(8):1872–1873.
153. L.Mouchiroud,, L.Molin,, P.Kasturi, M.N.Triba,, M.E.Dumas,, M.C.Wilson,, A.P.Halestrap,, D.Roussel,, I.Masse,, N.Dallière,, L.Ségalat,, M.Billaud, and F.Solari,. (2011). Pyruvate imbalance mediates metabolic reprogramming and mimics lifespan extension by dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 10(1):39–54.
154. K.Murray, (2011). Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease mimics, or how to sort out the subacute encephalopathy patient. Pract. Neurol. 11(1):19–28.
155. Y.Naito,, S.Hirotani,, H.Sawada,, H.Akahori,, T.Tsujino, and T.Masuyama, (2011). Dietary iron restriction prevents hypertensive cardiovascular remodeling in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Hypertension 57(3):497–504.
156. NetEase news. (2006). Salted fish-induced esophageal cancer. Available from http://news.163.com/08/0613/03/4E9PPV0V00011229.html. Accessed November 27, 2010. Chinese
157. NetEase News. (2009). Persistent organic pollutants: Human killer throughout the surrounding. Available from http://discover.news.163.com/09/0525/09/5A59Q976000125LI_2.html. Accessed February 21, 2011. Chinese.
158. NetEase News. (2011a). Cancer villages in China. Available from http://news.163.com/11/1014/03/7G9UTLCA00014JB6.html. Accessed October 16, 2011.
159. NetEase News. (2011b). Chromium contamination in China. Available from http://discover.news.163.com/11/0902/10/7CUL3F21000125LI.html. Accessed May 5, 2011. Chinese.
160. NetEase News. (2011c). Commodity grain base in China contaminated by heavy metals. Available from http://discover.news.163.com/11/0107/09/6PPMMGEXXXX125LI.html. Accessed February 19, 2011. Chinese.
161. NetEase News. (2011d). Cadmium contamination in Chinese rice. Available from http://news.163.com/11/0215/03/6STD6PJA00014AED.html. Accessed February 19. Chinese.
162. NetEase News. (2011e). Ministry of Health/Agriculture announced the list of dichlorvos and other illegal food additives. Available from http://news.163.com/11/0424/02/72CDFS2300014AED.html. Accessed June 5, 2011. Chinese.
163. D.G.Newell,, M.Koopmans,, L.Verhoef,, E.Duizer,, A.Aidara-Kane,, H.Sprong,, M.Opsteegh,, M.Langelaar,, J.Threfall,, F.Scheutz,, J.van der Giessen, and H.Kruse, (2010). Food-borne diseases—the challenges of 20 years ago still persist while new ones continue to emerge. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 139(Suppl 1):S3–15.
164. A.M.Neyrinck, and N.M.Delzenne, (2010). Potential interest of gut microbial changes induced by non-digestible carbohydrates of wheat in the management of obesity and related disorders. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care. 13(6):722–728.
165. B.Niemann,, Y.Chen,, H.Issa,, R.E.Silber, and S.Rohrbach, (2010). Caloric restriction delays cardiac ageing in rats: Role of mitochondria. Cardiovasc. Res. 88(2):267–276.
166. T.Nishida,, H.Kimura,, M.Saitoh,, M.Shinohara,, M.Kato,, S.Fukuda,, T.Munemura,, T.Mikami,, M.Akiyama,, Y.Kato,, K.Nishi,, K.Kozawa, and O.Nishio, (2003). Detection, quantitation, and phylogenetic analysis of noroviruses in Japanese oysters. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:5782–5786.
167. S.Noinville,, J.F.Chich, and H.Rezaei, (2008). Misfolding of the prion protein: Linking biophysical and biological approaches. Vet. Res. 39(4):48.
168. C.Nordqvist,. (2010). Detail article: What is norovirus infection? what causes norovirus infection? https://ahmadladhani.wordpress.com/2010/02/15/detail-article-what-is-norovirus-infection-what-causes-norovirus-infection/. Accessed July 4, 2011.
169. V.N.Novosel’tsev, and Z.A.Novosel’tseva, (2010). Caloric restriction increases life span in sterile and non-sterile D. melanogaster females: Systems analysis. Adv. Gerontol. 23(2):186–195. Russian.
170. D.G.Nyachuba, (2010). Foodborne illness: Is it on the rise? Nutr. Rev. 68(5):257–269.
171. S.M.Ock,, S.S.Hwang,, J.S.Lee,, C.H.Song, and C.M.Ock, (2010). Dietary supplement use by South Korean adults: Data from the national complementary and alternative medicine use survey (NCAMUS) in 2006. Nutr. Res. Pract. 4:69–74.
172. C.H.Oh, (2009). Monitoring of residual pesticides in herbal drug materials of Korea and China. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 82(5):639–643.
173. M.Okada,, T.Ogawa,, I.Kaiho, and K.Shinozaki, (2005). Genetic analysis of noroviruses in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, between 1999 and 2004. J. Clin. Microbiol., 43:4391–4401.
174. K.Ozawa,, T.Oka,, N.Takeda, and G.S.Hansman, (2007). Norovirus infections in symptomatic and asymptomatic food handlers in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45:3996–4005.
175. S.Y.Pan,, S.H.Gao,, S.F.Zhou,, Z.L.Yu, and K.M.Ko, (2012). New perspectives in complementary and alternative medicine I: Overview and alternative therapy. Altern. Ther. Health Med. 18(4):20–36.
176. W.Parrott,, B.Chassy,, J.Ligon,, L.Meyer,, J.Petrick,, J.Zhou,, R.Herman,, B.Delaney, and M.Levine, (2010). Application of food and feed safety assessment principles to evaluate transgenic approaches to gene modulation in crops. Food Chem. Toxicol. 48(7):1773–1790.
177. L.Partridge, (2011). Some highlights of research on aging with invertebrates, 2010. Aging Cell 10(1):5–9.
178. M.L.Pelchat, (2009). Food addiction in humans. J. Nutr. 139:620–622.
179. P.Pentamwa,, N.Kanaratanadilok, and N.T.Oanh, (2010). Indoor pesticide application practices and levels in homes of Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Environ. Monit. Assess. 181(1–4):363–372.
180. J.Pérez-Guisado, and A.Muñoz-Serrano, (2011). A pilot study of the Spanish Ketogenic Mediterranean Diet: An effective therapy for the metabolic syndrome. J. Med. Food 14(7–8):681–687.
181. J.Phillip, (2013). Deep fried foods increase risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer by one-third. Available from http://www.naturalnews.com/039024_deep_fried_foods_prostate_cancer_carcinogens.html#. Accessed April 25, 2014.
182. Photo: Health Inventory. (2011). Photo: Health Inventory: Living in nine kinds of food most likely to cause cancer.Available from http://www.instant-news.us/news-213463.html. Accessed April 25, 2011.
183. W.Pilacinski,, A.Crawford,, R.Downey,, B.Harvey,, S.Huber,, P.Hunst,, L.K.Lahman,, S.MacIntosh,, M.Pohl,, C.Rickard,, L.Tagliani, and N.Weber, (2011). Plants with genetically modified events combined by conventional breeding: An assessment of the need for additional regulatory data. Food Chem. Toxicol. 49(1):1–7.
184. S.M.Pires,, A.Vieira,, E.Perez,, D.L.Wong, and T.Hald, (2011). Attributing human foodborne illness to food sources and water in Latin America and the Caribbean using data from outbreak investigations. Int. J. Food Microbiol. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.018.
185. F.Pizarro,, M.Olivares,, E.Hertrampf, and T.Walter, (1994). Factors which modify the nutritional state of iron: Tannin content of herbal teas. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 44(4):277–280.
186. G.Portugal, Mda,, V.Marinho, and J.Laks, (2011). Pharmacological treatment of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Systematic review. Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr. 33(1):81–90.
187. M.Qaim, (2010). Benefits of genetically modified crops for the poor: Household income, nutrition, and health. N. Biotechnol. 27(5):552–557.
188. H.Rahman,, B.Austin,, W.J.Mitchell,, P.C.Morris,, D.J.Jamieson,, D.R.Adams,, A.M.Spragg, and M.Schweizer, (2010). Novel anti-infective compounds from marine bacteria. Mar. Drugs. 8(3):498–518.
189. J.P.Reganold,, P.K.Andrews,, J.R.Reeve,, L.Carpenter-Boggs,, C.W.Schadt,, J.R.Alldredge,, C.F.Ross,, N.M.Davies, and J.Zhou, (2010). Fruit and soil quality of organic and conventional strawberry agroecosystems. PLoS One 5(9):e12346.
190. M.J.Roossinck, (2011). The good viruses: Viral mutualistic symbioses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 9(2):99–108.
191. L.G.Rosas, and B.Eskenazi, (2008). Pesticides and child neurodevelopment. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 20(2):191–197.
192. M.Rosenberg, (2009). Current world population. Available from http://geography.about.com/od/obtainpopulationdata/a/worldpopulation.htm. Accessed May 20, 2011.
193. M.T.Ruel,, P.Menon,, J.P.Habicht,, C.Loechl,, G.Bergeron,, G.Pelto,, M.Arimond,, J.Maluccio,, L.Michaud, and B.Hankebo, (2008). Age-based preventive targeting of food assistance and behaviour change and communication for reduction of childhood undernutrition in Haiti: A cluster randomised trial. Lancet 371:588–595.
194. A.Ruiz-Torres, and W.Beier, (2005). On maximum human life span: Interdisciplinary approach about its limits. Adv. Gerontol. 16:14–20.
195. F.M.Sacks, and H.Campos, (2010). Dietary therapy in hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 362:2102–2112.
196. J.Saluk-Juszczak, (2010). Anthocyanins as components of functional food for cardiovascular risk prevention. Postepy Hig. Med. Dosw. (Online), 64:451–458. Polish.
197. H.Sanada,, J.E.Jones, and P.A.Jose, (2011). Genetics of salt-sensitive hypertension. Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 13(1):55–66.
198. R.B.Saper,, S.N.Kales,, J.Paquin,, M.J.Burns,, D.M.Eisenberg,, R.B.Davis, and R.S.Phillips, (2004). Heavy metal content of ayurvedic herbal medicine products. JAMA. 292(23):2868–2873.
199. U.Shaikh,, R.S.Byrd, and P.Auinger, (2009). Vitamin and mineral supplement use by children and adolescents in the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Relationship with nutrition, food security, physical activity, and health care access. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 163(2):150–157.
200. S.K.Sharma,, P.Goloubinoff, and P.Christen, (2008). Heavy metal ions are potent inhibitors of protein folding. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 372(2):341–345.
201. M.Shimizu, and D.O.Son, (2007). Food-derived peptides and intestinal functions. Curr. Pharm. Des. 13:885–895.
202. D.Z.Shi,, W.X.Wu,, S.Y.Lu,, T.Chen,, H.L.Huang,, Y.X.Chen, and J.H.Yan, (2008). Effect of MSW source-classified collection on the emission of PCDDs/Fs and heavy metals from incineration in China. J. Hazard Mater. 153(1–2):685–694.
203. S.Shobana,, M.R.Harsha,, K.Platel,, K.Srinivasan, and N.G.Malleshi, (2010). Amelioration of hyperglycaemia and its associated complications by finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) seed coat matter in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Br. J. Nutr. 28:1–9.
204. Shuanghui Group. (2011). Shuanghui Group use pork containing Sho-Rou-Jing. Available from http://finance.sina.com.cn/focus/shzr_2011/index.shtml. Accessed July 23, 2011. Chinese.
205. C.J.Sigurdson, and M.W.Miller, (2003). Other animal prion diseases. Br. Med. Bull. 66:199–212.
206. S.C.Sikka, and R.Wang, (2008). Endocrine disruptors and estrogenic effects on male reproductive axis. Asian J. Androl. 10(1):134–145.
207. H.J.Silver,, M.S.Dietrich, and K.D.Niswender, (2011). Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, weight loss, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk in free-living obese adults. Nutr. Metab. 8(1):8.
208. A.Singh,, R.K.Sharma,, M.Agrawal,, M.Fiona, and F.M.Marshall, (2010). Risk assessment of heavy metal toxicity through contaminated vegetables from waste water irrigated area of Varanasi, India. Trop. Ecol. 51(2S):375–387.
209. I.Siró,, E.Kápolna,, B.Kápolna, and A.Lugasi, (2008). Functional food. product development, marketing and consumer acceptance—a review. Appetite 51(3):456–467.
210. S.Sisó,, L.González, and M.Jeffrey, (2010). Neuroinvasion in prion diseases: The roles of ascending neural infection and blood dissemination. Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis., doi:10.1155/2010/747892.
211. C.Skinner, and S.J.Lin, (2010). Effects of calorie restriction on life span of microorganisms. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 88(4):817–828.
212. D.W.Smith, (2010). Pesticide toxicity. Available from http://agsafety.tamu.edu/PESTICIDE%20TOXICITY.pdf. Accessed March 11, 2011.
213. O.P.Soldin,, E.N.Pearce, and A.Stagnaro-Green, (2010). Dietary salt reductions and cardiovascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 362:590–599.
214. K.Srinivasan, (2005). Role of spices beyond food flavoring: Nutraceuticals with multiple health effects. Food Rev. Int., 21:167–188.
215. M.Stiborová,, V.Martínek,, H.Rýdlová,, P.Hodek, and E.Frei, (2002). Sudan I is a potential carcinogen for humans: Evidence for its metabolic activation and detoxication by human recombinant cytochrome P450 1A1 and liver microsomes. Cancer Res. 62:5678–5684.
216. R.J.Suckling,, F.J.He, and G.A.Macgregor, (2010). Altered dietary salt intake for preventing and treating diabetic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 12:CD006763.
217. G.B.Sunil Kumar,, T.R.Ganapathi,, C.J.Revathi,, K.S.Prasad, and V.A.Bapat, (2003). Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen in tobacco cell suspension cultures. Protein Expr. Purif. 32(1):10–17.
218. R.Sun,, F.Shu,, W.Hao,, L.Li, and W.L.Sun, (2011). Heavy metal contamination and Pb isotopic composition in natural soils around a Pb/Zn mining and smelting area. J. Environ. Sci. 32(4):1146–1153. Chinese.
219. A.Y.Sun,, Q.Wang,, A.Simonyi, and G.Y.Sun, (2010). Resveratrol as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases. Mol. Neurobio. 41:375–383.
220. L.C.Tapsell,, I.Hemphill,, L.Cobiac,, C.S.Patch,, D.R.Sullivan,, M.Fenech,, S.Roodenrys,, J.B.Keogh,, P.M.Clifton,, P.G.Williams,, V.A.Fazio, and K.E.Inge, (2006). Health benefits of herbs and spices: The past, the present, the future. Med. J. Aust. 185(Suppl 4):S4–24.
221. L.A.Terry,, L.Howells,, K.Bishop,, C.A.Baker,, S.Everest,, L.Thorne,, B.C.Maddison, and K.C.Gough, (2011). Detection of prions in the faeces of sheep naturally infected with classical scrapie. Vet. Res. 42(1):65.
222. M.Tester, and P.Langridge, (2010). Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world. Science 327(5967):818–822.
223. B.Teucher,, M.Olivares, and H.Cori, (2004). Enhancers of iron absorption: Ascorbic acid and other organic acids. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 74(6):403–419.
224. M.A.Tranulis,, S.L.Benestad,, T.Baron, and H.Kretzschmar, (2011). Atypical prion diseases in humans and animals. Top. Curr. Chem. 305:23–50.
225. W.T.Tsai, (2010). Current status and regulatory aspects of pesticides considered to be persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Taiwan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 7(10):3615–3627.
226. L.Tsourgiannis,, A.Karasavvoglou, and G.Florou, (2011). Consumers’ attitudes towards GM free products in a European Region. The case of the Prefecture of Drama–Kavala–Xanthi in Greece. Appetite, 57(2):448–458. Greece.
227. C.Tuan Zainazor,, M.S.Hidayah,, L.C.Chai,, R.Tunung,, F.M.Ghazali, and R.Son, (2010). The scenario of norovirus contamination in food and food handlers. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 20(2):229–237.
228. G.Vaccari,, C.H.Panagiotidis,, C.Acin,, S.Peletto,, F.Barillet,, P.Acutis,, A.Bossers,, J.Langeveld,, L.van Keulen,, T.Sklaviadis,, J.J.Badiola,, O.Andreéoletti,, M.H.Groschup,, U.Agrimi,, J.Foster, and W.Goldmann, (2009). State-of-the-art review of goat TSE in the European Union, with special emphasis on PRNP genetics and epidemiology. Vet. Res. 40(5):48.
229. M.van Boekel,, V.Fogliano,, N.Pellegrini,, C.Stanton,, G.Scholz,, S.Lalljie,, V.Somoza,, D.Knorr,, P.R.Jasti, and G.Eisenbrand, (2010). A review on the beneficial aspects of food processing. Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 54(9):1215–1247.
230. B.A.van Spijker,, T.Graafsma,, H.I.Dullaart, and A.J.Kerkhof, (2009). Impulsive but fatal self-poisoning with pesticides among South Asians in Nickerie, Suriname. Crisis 30(2):102–105.
231. P.Veggiotti,, A.Burlina,, G.Coppola,, R.Cusmai,, De V.Giorgis,, R.Guerrini, and A.Tagliabue, and B.Dalla Bernardina, (2011). The ketogenic diet for Dravet syndrome and other epileptic encephalopathies: An Italian consensus. Epilepsia 52(suppl 2):83–89.
232. K.N.Wai,, J.C.Bishop,, P.B.Mack, and R.H.Cotton, (1947). The vitamin content of soybeans and soybean sprouts as a function of germination time. Plant Physiol. 22(2):117–126.
233. E.D.Wang, (2012). Heavy metal contamination in China. Available from http://epaper.21cbh.com/html/2012--09/12/content_33581.htm?div=-1. Accessed April 26, 2014. Chinese
234. S.Wang,, H.Duan,, W.Zhang, and J.W.Li, (2007). Analysis of bacterial foodborne disease outbreaks in China between 1994 and 2005. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 51(1):8–13.
235. G.Wang,, Y.Lu,, J.Han,, W.Luo,, Y.Shi,, T.Wang, and Y.Sun, (2010). Hexachlorobenzene sources, levels and human exposure in the environment of China. Environ. Int. 36(1):122–130.
236. S.Weichenthal,, C.Moase, and P.Chan, (2010). A review of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study cohort. Environ. Health Perspect. 118(8):1117–1125.
237. J.G.Wen,, Z.Z.Li,, H.Zhang,, Y.Wang,, R.F.Zhang,, L.Yang,, Y.Chen,, J.X.Wang, and S.J.Zhang, (2010). Melamine related bilateral renal calculi in 50 children: Single center experience in clinical diagnosis and treatment. J. Urol. 183(4):1533–1537.
238. D.B.Whitman, (2000). Genetically modified foods: Harmful or helpful? Available from http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview.php. Accessed June 3, 2011.
239. WHO. (2010). Antimicrobial resistance: Revisiting the “tragedy of the commons”. Available from http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/11/10--031110/en/. Accessed June 11, 2011.
240. Wikipedia. (2010). Melamine. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melamine. Accessed June 4, 2011.
241. Wikipedia. (2014a). Antinomy. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antinomy. Accessed April 25, 2014.
242. Wikipedia. (2014b). Chinese food therapy. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_food_therapy. Accessed April 25, 2014.
243. Wikipedia. (2014c). Nutrient. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient. Accessed April 25, 2014.
244. C.Williamson, (2009). Functional foods: What are the benefits? Br. J. Community Nurs. 14(6):230–236.
245. G.N.Wogan,, T.W.Kensler, and J.D.Groopman, (2011). Present and future directions of translational research on aflatoxin and hepatocellular carcinoma. A review. Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess 1:1–9.
246. T.Wolff,, C.T.Witkop,, T.Miller,, S.B.Syed, and U. S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2009). Folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects: An update of the evidence for the U. S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann. Intern. Med. 150:632–639.
247. World Health Organization. (2008). Melamine-contamination event, China, September 2008. Available from http://toxipedia.org/download/attachments/6002751/WHO.Melamine.2008.pdf?version=1. Accessed March 23, 2011.
248. www.chinaiiss.com. (2010). Real phenomena of food safety in China. Available from http://society.chinaiiss.com/html/20109/2/p1d52_1.html#pic. Accessed July 23, 2011. Chinese.
249. www.chinanews.com/‎. (2011). China showed a high incidence of heavy metal pollution situation. Available from http://www.chinanews.com/gn/2011/10--25/3413982.shtml. Accessed October 27, 2011. Chinese
250. www.medcyber.com. (2005). Toxic chemicals in our body. Available from http://big5.21tcm.com/focus/lc/nfm/2005--11--23--120119.shtml. Accessed February 21, 2011. Chinese.
251. Xinhuanet. (2010). Reproduction of excessive melamine milk powder in Gansu, Qinghai and Jilin province. Available from http://news.xinhuanet.com/local/2010--07/08/c_12314291.htm. Accessed May 7, 2011. Chinese.
252. C.S.Yang, and X.Wang, (2010). Green tea and cancer prevention. Nutr. Cancer 62(7):931–937.
253. Q.W.Yang,, Y.Xu,, S.J.Liu,, J.F.He, and F.Y.Long, (2011). Concentration and potential health risk of heavy metals in market vegetables in Chongqing, China. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 74(6):1664–1669.
254. D.Young,, M.Z.Fan, and Y.Mine, (2010). Egg yolk peptides up-regulate glutathione synthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in a porcine model of intestinal oxidative stress. J. Agric. Food Chem. 58(13):7624–733.
255. J.H.Yu,, N.Y.Kim,, E.J.Lee, and I.S.Jeon, (2011). Norovirus infections in asymptomatic food handlers in elementary schools without norovirus outbreaks in some regions of Incheon, Korea. J. Korean Med. Sci. 26(6):734–739.
256. X.D.Yu,, C.H.Yan,, X.M.Shen,, Y.Tian,, L.L.Cao,, X.G.Yu,, L.Zhao, and J.X.Liu, (2011). Prenatal exposure to multiple toxic heavy metals and neonatal neurobehavioral development in Shanghai, China. Neurotoxicol. Teratol. 33(4):437–443.
257. S.X.Zhang,, H.W.Guo,, W.T.Wan, and K.Xue, (2011). Nutrition education guided by Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents on metabolic syndrome characteristics, adipokines and inflammatory markers. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 20(1):77–86.
258. Y.Zhang, and Y.Wu, (2002). Toxicological effects of clenbuterol in human and animals. J. hyg. Res. 31(4):328–330. Chinese.
259. W.Zhang,, S.Xiao,, H.Samaraweera,, E.J.Lee, and D.U.Ahn, (2010). Improving functional value of meat products. Meat. Sci. 86(1):15–31.
260. H.Zhan,, R.Renjie Li, and X.Liu, (2008). Foodborne illness. Available from http://rudar.ruc.dk/bitstream/1800/3166/1/Foodborne_illness.pdf. Accessed May 29, 2011
261. Z.Z.Zhao, (2003). The past, present and future of Chinese herbal medicine in Hong Kong. Available from Available from http://www.tcmforum.com/forum2.php?reply=0&forumID=201&fGroup=overseas. Accessed November 21, 2010.
262. J.Zhao,, Q.Luo,, H.Deng, and Y.Yan, (2008). Opportunities and challenges of sustainable agricultural development in China. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 363(1492):893–904.
263. G.Zhao,, S.Y.Zang,, Z.H.Jiang,, Y.Y.Chen,, X.H.Ji,, B.F.Lu,, J.H.Wu,, G.W.Qin, and L.H.Guo, (2010). Postischemic administration of liposome-encapsulated luteolin prevents against ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model. J. Nutr. Biochem. 22(10):929–936.
264. W.K.Zhong,, J.Hao,, M.X.Sun, and Y.L.Chen, (2000). Pesticides residues in food in China. Pesticide 39:1–4. Chinese.
265. P.Zhou,, Y.Wu,, S.Yin,, J.Li,, Y.Zhao,, L.Zhang,, H.Chen,, Y.Liu,, X.Yang, and X.Li, (2011). National survey of the levels of persistent organochlorine pesticides in the breast milk of mothers in China. Environ. Pollut. 159(2):524–531.