Fruit and soil quality of organic and conventional strawberry agroecosystems

PLoS ONE

Volumn 5, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 1-14

  Reganold, John P ^a   Andrews, Preston K ^a   Reeve, Jennifer R ^b   Carpenter Boggs, Lynne ^a   Schadt, Christopher W ^c   Alldredge, J Richard ^a   Ross, Carolyn F ^a   Davies, Neal M ^a   Zhou, Jizhong ^d  

^a WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASCORBIC ACID; CARBON; NITROGEN; PHENOL DERIVATIVE; PHOSPHORUS; POTASSIUM; TRACE ELEMENT; PLANT EXTRACT;

AGROECOSYSTEM; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; CROP PRODUCTION; DNA MICROARRAY; FOOD QUALITY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NITROGEN FIXATION; NONHUMAN; ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTY; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; PLANT GENE; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SHELF LIFE; SOIL ANALYSIS; SOIL PROPERTY; SOIL QUALITY; STRAWBERRY; UNITED STATES; AGRICULTURE; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FRUIT; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METHODOLOGY; ORGANIC FARMING; SOIL;

FRAGARIA X ANANASSA;

AGRICULTURE; CARBON; FRAGARIA; FRUIT; NITROGEN; ORGANIC AGRICULTURE; PLANT EXTRACTS; SOIL;

EID: 77958601156     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012346     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Willer H, Rohwedder M, Wynen E (2009) Current statistics. In: Willer H, Kilcher L, eds. The World of Organic Agriculture-Statistics and Emerging Trends 2009. Bonn: IFOAM. pp 25-58.
2. Greene C, Dimitri C, Lin B-H, McBride W, Oberholtzer L, et al. (2009) Emerging Issues in the U.S. Organic Industry. Washington, D.C.: USDA Economic Research Service.
3. Lockie S, Halpin D, Pearson D (2006) Understanding the market for organic food. In: Kristiansen P, Taji A, Reganold J, eds. Organic Agriculture: A Global Perspective. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing. pp 245-258.
4. Baker BP, Benbrook CM, Groth E, III, Benbrook KL (2002) Pesticide residues in conventional, integrated pest management (IPM)-grown and organic foods: insights from three US data sets. Food Addit Contam 19: 427-446.
5. Curl CL, Fenske RA, Elgethun K (2003) Organophosphorus pesticide exposure of urban and suburban preschool children with organic and conventional diets. Environ Health Persp 111: 377-382.
6. Lu C, Toepel K, Irish R, Fenske RA, Barr DB, Bravo R (2006) Organic diets significantly lower children's dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. Environ Health Persp 114: 260-263.
7. Drewnowski A (2005) Concept of a nutritious food: toward a nutrient density score. Am J Clin Nutr 82: 721-32.
8. Scalbert A, Johnson IT, Saltmarsh M (2005) Polyphenols: antioxidants and beyond. Am J Clin Nutr 81(suppl): 215S-217S.
9. Soil Association (2000) Organic Farming, Food Quality and Human Health: A Review of the Evidence. Bristol: Soil Associatioin.
10. Brandt K, Molgaard JP (2001) Organic agriculture: does it enhance or reduce the nutritional value of plant foods? J Sci Food Agr 81: 924-931.
11. Worthington V (2001) Nutritional quality of organic versus conventional fruits, vegetables, and grains. J Altern Complem Med 7: 161-173.
12. Williams CM (2002) Nutritional quality of organic food: shades of grey or shades of green? Proc Nutrition Soc 61: 19-24.
13. Magkos F, Arvaniti F, Zampelas A (2003) Organic food: Nutritious food or food for thought? A review of the evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 54: 357-371.
14. Rembialkowska E (2007) Quality of plant products from organic agriculture. J Sci Food Agric 87: 2757-2762.
15. Benbrook C, Zhao X, Yáñez J, Davies N, Andrews P (2008) New Evidence Confirms the Nutritional Superiority of Plant-Based Organic Foods. Boulder: The Organic Center, Available: www.organiccenter.org. Accessed on 2009 Oct 29.
16. Lairon D (2010) Nutritional quality and safety of organic food. A review. Agron Sustain Dev 30: 33-41.
17. Bourn D, Prescott J (2002) A comparison of the nutritional value, sensory qualities, and food safety of organically and conventionally produced foods. Crit Rev Food Sci 42: 1-34.
18. Dangour AD, Dodhia SK, Hayter A, Allen E, Lock K, et al. (2009) Nutrional quality of organic foods: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 90: 680-685.
19. Doran JW, Parkin TB (1994) Defining and assessing soil quality. In: Doran JW, Coleman DC, Bezdicek DF, Stewart BA, eds. Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Madison: Soil Sci Soc Stet Am. pp 3-21.
20. Granatstein D, Bezdicek DF (1992) The need for a soil quality index: local and regional perspectives. Am J Alt Agric 7: 12-16.
21. Reganold JP, Palmer AS, Lockhart JC, Macgregor AN (1993) Soil quality and financial performance of biodynamic and conventional farms in New Zealand. Science 260: 344-349.
22. Reganold JP, Glover JD, Andrews PK, Hinman HR (2001) Sustainability of three apple production systems. Nature 410: 926-930.
23. Mäder P, Fleissbach A, Dubois D, Gunst L, Fried P, et al. (2002) Soil fertility and biodiversity in organic farming. Science 296: 1694-1697.
24. Trewavas A (2004) A critical assessment of organic farming-and-food assertions with particular respect to the UK and the potential environmental benefits of notill agriculture. Crop Prot 23: 757-781.
25. Ibekwe AM (2004) Effects of fumigants on non-target organisms in soils. Adv Agron 83: 1-35.
26. Rhee S-K, Liu X, Wu L, Chong SC, Wan X, et al. (2004) Detection of genes involved in biodegradation and biotransformation in microbial communities by using 50-mer oligonucleotide microarrays. Appl Environ Microb 70: 4303-4317.
27. He Z, Gentry TJ, Schadt CW, Wu L, Liebich J, et al. (2007) GeoChip: A comprehensive microarray for investigating biogeochemical, ecological and environmental processes. ISME J 1: 67-77.
28. van Eijk T (2000) Holism and FSR. In: Collinson M, ed. A History of Farming Systems Research. Wallingford: CABI Publishing. pp 323-334.
29. California Strawberry Commission (2009) California Strawberry Commision Website. Available: www.calstrawberry.com/. Accessed on 2009 Nov 27.
30. Food and Agriculture Organization (2009) FAOSTAT. Rome: United Nations. Available: http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor. Accessed on 2009 Nov 11.
31. Adaskaveg JD, Gubler D, Michailides T, Holtz B (2009) Efficacy and Timing of Fungicides, Bactericides, and Biologicals for Deciduous Tree Fruit, Nut, Strawberry, and Vine Crops 2009. University of California Online Statewide IPM Program. Available: http://cemadera.ucdavis.edu/files/63413.pdf). Accessed on 2009 Oct 24.
32. Chun OK, Kim D-O, Smith N, Schroeder D, Han JT, et al. (2005) Daily consumption of phenolics and total antioxidant capacity from fruit and vegetables in the American diet. J Sci Food Agric 85: 1715-1724.
33. World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization (2004) Vitamin and Mineral Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2nd ed. Bangkok: WHO/FAO Publication.
34. Halliwell B, Rafter J, Jenner A (2005) Health promotion by flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and other phenols: Direct or indirect effects? Antioxidant or not? Am J Clin Nutr 81: 268S-276S.
35. Olsson ME, Andersson CS, Oredsson S, Berglund RH, Gustavsson K-E (2006) Antioxidant levels and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro by extracts from organically and conventionally cultivated strawberries. J Agric Food Chem 54: 1248-1255.
36. USDA Agricultural Research Service (2009) USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 22. Nutrient Data Laboratory Online. Available: http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/ndl. Accessed on 2010 June 2.
37. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine (1997) Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.
38. Bringhurst FR, Demay MB, Kronenberg HM (1998) Hormones and disorders of mineral metabolism. In: Wilson JD, Foster DW, Kronenberg HM, Larsen PR, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 9th edn. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company. pp 1155-1210.
39. Weil RR, Magdoff F (2004) Significance of soil organic matter to soil quality and health. In: Magdoff F, Weil RR, eds. Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp 1-43.
40. Smith JL (2002) Soil quality: The role of microorganisms. In: Bitton G, ed. Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology. New York: Wiley. pp 2944-2957.
41. Zhou J, Kang S, Schadt CW, Garten CT, Jr. (2008) Spatial scaling of functional gene diversity across various microbial taxa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 7768-7773.
42. Reeve JR, Schadt CW, Carpenter-Boggs L, Kang S, Zhou J, et al. (2010) Effects of soil type and farm management on soil ecological functional genes and microbial activities. ISME J doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.42.
43. Andren O, Bengtsson J, Clarholm M (1995) Biodiversity and species redundancy among litter decomposers. In: Collins HP, Robertson GP, Klug MJ, eds. The Significance and Regulation of Soil Biodiversity. Dordrecht: Kluwer. Pp 141-151.
44. Zak DR, Blackwood CB, Waldrop MP (2006) A molecular dawn for biogeochemistry. Trends Ecol Evol 21: 288-295.
45. Loreau M, Naeem S, Inchausti P, Bengtsson J, Grime JP, et al. (2001) Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Current knowledge and future challenges. Science 294: 804-808.
46. Zelles L, Palojärvi A, Kandeler E, von Lützow M, Winter K, et al. (1997) Changes in soil microbial properties and phospholipid fatty acid fractions after chloroform fumigation. Soil Biol Biochem 29: 1325-1336.
47. Engelen B, Meinken K, von Wintzingerode F, Heuer H, Malkomes H-P, et al. (1998) Monitoring impact of a pesticide treatment on bacterial soil communities by metabolic and genetic fingerprinting in addition to conventional testing procedures. Appl Environ Microbiol 64: 2814-2821.
48. Ibekwe AM, Papiernik SK, Gan J, Yates SR, Yang C-H, et al. (2001) Impact of fumigants on soil microbial communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 67: 3245-3257.
49. Klose S, Ajwa HA (2004) Enzyme activities in agricultural soils fumigated with methyl bromide alternatives. Soil Biol Biochem 36: 1625-1635.
50. Stromberger ME, Klose S, Ajwa H, Trout T, Fennimore S (2005) Microbialpopulations and enzyme activities in soils fumigated with methyl bromide alternatives. Soil Sci Soc Am J 69: 1987-1999.
51. Guerena M, Born H (2007) Strawberries: Organic Production. Fayetteville: ATTRA, Available: www.attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/PDF/strawberry.pdf. Accessed on 2009 November 25.
52. Gavlak R, Horneck D, Miller RO, Kotuby-Amacher J (2003) Soil, Plant and Water Reference Methods for the Western Region, 2nd edn. (WCC-103Publication). Ft. Collins: Colorado State University.
53. Truswell AS, Bateson DJ, Madafiglio KC, Pennington JAT, Rand WM, et al. (1991) INFOODS guidelines for describing foods: A systematic approach to describing foods to facilitate international exchange of food composition data. J Food Comp Anal 4: 18-38.
54. McCance RA, Widdowson EM (2002) The Composition of Foods, 6th Summary Edn. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry.
55. McGuire R (1992) Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience 27: 1254-1255.
56. Arnao MB, Cano A, Acosta M (2001) The hydrophilic and lipophilic contribution to total antioxidant activity. Food Chem 73: 239-244.
57. Cano A, Hernández-Ruíz J, García-Cánovas F, Acosta M, Arnao MB (1998) An end-point method for estimation of the total antioxidant activity in plantmaterial. Phytochem Analysis 9: 196-202.
58. Foyer CH, Rowell J, Walker D (1983) Measurements of the ascorbate content of spinach leaf protoplasts and chloroplasts during illumination. Planta 157: 239-244.
59. Andrews PK, Fahy DA, Foyer CH (2004) Relationships between fruit exocarp antioxidants in the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) high pigment-1 mutantduring development. Physiol Plantarum 120: 519-528.
60. Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lameula-Raventos RM (1999) Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin- Ciocalteu reagant. Method Enzymol 299: 152-179.
61. Woodward JR (1972) Physical and chemical changes in developing strawberry fruits. J Sci Food Agric 23: 465-473.
62. Torres CA, Davies NM, Yañez JA, Andrews PK (2005) Disposition of selected flavonoids in fruit tissues of various tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes. J Agric Food Chem 53: 9536-9543.
63. Yañez JA, Davies NM (2005) Stereospecific high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of naringenin in urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 39: 164-169.
64. Branch SK (2005) Guidelines from the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH). J Pharm Biomed Anal 38: 798-805.
65. Boulanger B, Rozet E, Moonen F, Rudaz S, Hubert P (2009) A risk-based analysis of the AAPS conference report on quantitative bioanalytical methods validation and implementation. J Chromatog B 877: 2235-2243.
66. Southgate DAT (1976) Determination of Food Carbohydrates. London: Applied Science Publishers.
67. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (2003) Sensory Analysis- Guidelines for the Use of Quantitative Response Scales, 2nd edn. (Reference No. ISO 4121:2003). Geneva: ISO.
68. Kalbfleisch JD, Prentice RL (1980) The Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data. New York: Wiley.
69. Anderson JPE, Domsch KH (1978) A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soil. Soil Biol Biochem 10: 215-221.
70. Tabatabai MA (1994) Soil enzymes. In: Weaver RW, Angle S, Bottomley P, Bezdicek D, Smith S, et al. (1994) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Madison: Soil Sci Soc Am. Pp 775-833.
71. Ladd JN, Butler JHA (1972) Short-term assays of soil proteolytic enzyme activities using proteins and dipeptide derivatives as substrates. Soil Biol Biochem 4: 19-30.
72. Sylvia DM (1994) Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In: Weaver RW, Angle S, Bottomley P, Bezdicek D, Smith S, et al. (1994) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Madison: Soil Sci Soc Am. pp 351-378.
73. Zhou J, Bruns MA, Tiedje JM (1996) DNA recovery from soils of diverse composition. Appl Environ Microbiol 62: 316-322.
74. Wu L, Liu X, Schadt CW, Zhou J (2006) Microarray-based analysis of subnanogram quantities of microbial community DNAs by using wholecommunity genome amplification. Appl Environ Microbiol 72: 4931-4941.
75. Otten JJ, Hellwig JP, Meyers LD, eds. (2006) Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press.
76. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (1994) Reference amounts customarily consumed per eating occasion, Title 21 CFR Section 101.12(b). In: Nutritional Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) Requirements, Serving Size [21 CFR 101.9(b)(1)]. Available: http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx? c=ecfr&rgn=div8&view=text&node=21:2.0.1.1.2.1.1.8&idno=21. Accessed 2010 May 18.