Brain ischemia and reperfusion: Molecular mechanisms of neuronal injury

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Volumn 179, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 1-33

  White, Blaine C ^a,c   Sullivan, Jonathon M ^a   DeGracia, Donald J ^a   O'Neil, Brian J ^a   Neumar, Robert W ^b   Grossman, Lawrence I ^a   Rafols, José A ^a   Krause, Gary S ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^c 6G University Health Care Center ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Brain ischemia; Growth factors; Lipid peroxidation; Signal transduction; Translation initiation

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; ADRENALIN; ANTIOXIDANT; ARACHIDONIC ACID; CALCINEURIN; CALCIUM ION; CALPAIN; CALPASTATIN; CASPASE; CASPASE 9; CASPASE INHIBITOR; CATECHOLAMINE; CYTOCHROME C; CYTOSKELETON PROTEIN; GLUTAMIC ACID; GROWTH FACTOR; GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; INITIATION FACTOR; INITIATION FACTOR 2; INITIATION FACTOR 4 G; IRON; NITRIC OXIDE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; OXYGEN RADICAL; PHOSPHOLIPASE; PROTEIN; PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE; SPECTRIN; SUPEROXIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AEROBIC METABOLISM; APOPTOSIS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CALCIUM CELL LEVEL; CALCIUM CHANNEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEPOLARIZATION; DOWN REGULATION; DRUG INDUSTRY; ELECTRIC POTENTIAL; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME SUBSTRATE; HIGH ENERGY PHOSPHATE; HUMAN; IMMEDIATE EARLY GENE; INSULIN RELEASE; IRON STORAGE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; MEMBRANE DAMAGE; MITOCHONDRION; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; NERVE CELL LESION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; REPERFUSION INJURY; RESEARCH; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TRANSLATION INITIATION; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; ANIMAL; APOPTOSIS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CALPAIN; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION; EXCITATORY AMINO ACIDS; FREE RADICALS; GENES, IMMEDIATE-EARLY; GROWTH SUBSTANCES; HUMAN; NERVE DEGENERATION; NERVE TISSUE PROTEINS; REPERFUSION INJURY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T; SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S.;

EID: 0034306357     PISSN: 0022510X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00386-5     Document Type: Review

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314. 2+ fluxes
315. Inhibition of Bax channel-forming activity by Bcl-2
316. Bax oligomerization is required for channel-forming activity in liposomes and to trigger cytochrome-c release from mitochondria
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328. Cellular functions of immunophilins
329. Immunophilin FK506 binding protein associated with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor modulates calcium flux
330. Characterization of an exchange reaction between soluble FKBP-12 and the FKBP-ryanodine receptor complex. Modulation by FKBP mutants deficient in peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity
331. Immunophilins mediate the neuroprotective effects of FK506 in focal cerebral ischemia
332. Immunosuppressant FK506 enhances immediate-early gene expression and prevents delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus
333. Neuroprotective effects of immunosuppressant FK506 in focal cerebral ischemia in the rat: the effect on cerebral infarction, brain edema, immediate-early genes, and heat shock protein hsp72
334. Mode of action of tacrolimus (FK506): molecular and cellular mechanisms
335. The effect of the immunosuppressant FK-506 on alternate pathways of T cell activation
336. The immunosuppressant FK506 and its nonimmunosuppressive analog L-685,818 are toxic to Cryptococcus neoformans by inhibition of a common target protein
337. A mechanism for rotamase catalysis by the FK506 binding protein (FKBP)
338. Peptidylproline cis-trans-isomerases: immunophilins
339. Native recombinant cyclophilins A, B, and C degrade DNA independently of peptidylprolyl cis-trans-isomerase activity. Potential roles of cyclophilins in apoptosis
340. The calcium-dependent nuclease from apoptotic rat thymocytes is homologous with cyclophilin. Recombinant cyclophilins A, B, and C have nuclease activity
341. Cyclophilin A is present in rat germ cells and is associated with spermatocyte apoptosis
342. Endo-exonuclease of human leukaemic cells: evidence for a role in apoptosis
343. Potassium is a critical regulator of apoptotic enzymes in vitro and in vivo
344. Functional differences of two forms of the inhibitor of caspase-activated DNAse, ICAD-L, and ICAD-S
345. 2+ and oxidant stress
346. 2+-activated inner membrane pore of heart mitochondria
347. 2+ release to cyclosporin A and related compounds
348. Inhibition of T cell signaling by immunophilin-ligand complexes correlates with loss of calcineurin phosphatase activity
349. Immunosuppressant FK506 enhances phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase and protects against glutamate neurotoxicity
350. Characterization of high molecular weight FK-506 binding activities reveals a novel FK-506 binding protein as well as a protein complex
351. Neurotrophic actions of nonimmunosuppressive analogues of immunosuppressive drugs FK506, rapamycin and cyclosporin A
352. Neuroprotective FK506 does not alter in vivo nitric oxide production during ischemia and early reperfusion in rats
353. p53 induces apoptosis by caspase activation through mitochondrial cytochrome-c release
354. Drastically increased expression of myc and fos proto-oncogenes during in vitro differentiation of chronic lymphocytic cells
355. The regulation and function of c-fos and other immediate early genes in the nervous system
356. The role of Jun, Fos and the AP-1 complex in cell-proliferation and transformation
357. The bZIP domains of Fos and Jun mediate a physical association with the TATA box-binding protein
358. Global ischemia induces NMDA receptor-mediated c-fos expression in neurons resistant to injury in gerbil hippocampus
359. In situ hybridization analysis of c-fos and c-jun expression in the rat brain following transient forebrain ischemia
360. Delayed c-fos proto-oncogene expression in the rat hippocampus induced by transient global ischemia: an in situ hybridization study
361. Focal ischemia in rats causes time-dependent expression of c-Fos immunoreactivity in widespread regions of ipsilateral cortex
362. Post-ischemic and kanic acid-induced c-Fos protein expression in the rat hippocampus
363. Suppression of post-ischemic-induced FOS protein expression by an antisense oligonucleotide to c-fos mRNA leads to increased tissue damage
364. Reprogramming of gene expression in post-ischemic rat liver: induction of proto-oncogenes and hsp-70 gene family
365. Speculations on the functions of the major heat shock proteins and glucose regulated proteins
366. Interaction of HSP-70 with newly synthesized proteins: implications for protein folding and assembly
367. Heat shock, stress proteins, chaperones, and proteotoxicity
368. Heat shock proteins: the search for functions
369. The role of stress proteins in membrane biogenesis
370. Heat shock and heat shock proteins
371. Heat shock protects cultured neurons from glutamate toxicity
372. Insulin-induced expression of human heat shock protein gene hsp-70
373. Localization of 70 kDa stress protein mRNA induction in gerbil brain after ischemia
374. Synthesis of a stress protein following transient ischemia in the gerbil
375. Induction of heat shock protein 72-like immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation following transient global ischemia
376. Localization of 70 kDa stress protein induction in gerbil brain after ischemia
377. Elevated expression of proto-oncogenes accompany enhanced induction of heat-shock genes after exposure of rat embryos in utero to ionizing radiation
378. Induction of superoxide dismutase in E. coli by heat shock
379. Large changes in intracellular pH and calcium observed during heat shock are not responsible for the induction of heat shock proteins in Drosophila melanogaster
380. Coupling of stress in the ER to activation of JNK protein kinases by transmembrane protein kinase IRE1
381. Amino-terminal phosphorylation of c-Jun regulates stress-induced apoptosis and cellular proliferation
382. Lasting N-terminal phosphorylation of c-Jun and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases after neuronal injury
383. Redox activation of Fos-Jun DNA binding is mediated by a DNA repair enzyme
384. The redox and DNA-repair activities of Ref-1 are encoded by non-overlapping domains
385. CHOP is implicated in programmed cell death in response to impaired function of the endoplasmic reticulum
386. CHOP enhancement of gene transcription by interactions with Jun/Fos AP-1 complex proteins
387. Global brain ischemia and reperfusion
388. Mechanisms regulating cell number and type in the mammalian central nervous system
389. Proliferation and differentiation of neuronal stem cells regulated by nerve growth factor
390. Insulin receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system of the rat
391. Localization and characterization of insulin receptors in rat brain and pituitary gland using in vitro autoradiography and computerized densitometry
392. Autoradiographic localization of insulin receptors in rat brain: prominence in olfactory and limbic areas
393. Localization of FGF receptor mRNA in the adult rat central nervous system by in situ hybridization
394. NGF and β-FGF protect rat hippocampal and human cortical neurons against hypoglycemic damage by stabilizing calcium homeostasis
395. Nerve growth factor receptor molecules in rat brain
396. Localization of nerve growth factor receptor messenger RNA and protein in the adult rat brain
397. Transforming growth factor beta isoforms in the adult rat central and peripheral nervous system
398. Localization of type I insulin-like growth factor receptor messenger RNA in the adult rat brain by in situ hybridization
399. Trophic actions of IGF-I, IGF-II and insulin on cholinergic and dopaminergic brain neurons
400. Regulation and physiological function of insulin-like growth factors in the central nervous system
401. Distribution of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and 2 (IGF-2) receptors in the hippocampal formation of rats and mice
402. Localization of insulin and type 1 IGF receptors in rat brain by in vitro autoradiography and in situ hybridization
403. Epidermal growth factor and the nervous system
404. Increase in basic fibroblast growth factor-like immunoreactivity in rat brain after forebrain ischemia
405. A role for IGF-1 in the rescue of CNS neurons following hypoxic-ischemic injury
406. Nerve growth factor in CNS repair and regeneration
407. Fibroblast growth factor and glutamate: opposing roles in the generation and degeneration of hippocampal neuroarchitecture
408. Amelioration of delayed neuronal death in the hippocampus by nerve growth factor
409. Post-ischemic seizures and necrotizing ischemic brain damage: neuroprotective effect of post-ischemic diazepam and insulin
410. Insulin administration protects neurological function in cerebral ischemia in rats
411. Insulin-glycerolipid mediators and gene expression
412. Insulin rapidly increases diacylglycerol by activating de novo phosphatidic acid synthesis
413. Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases
414. Insulin signal transduction: the role of protein phosphorylation
415. Tyrosine-specific phosphorylation of calmodulin by the insulin receptor kinase purified from human placenta
416. The in vitro phosphorylation of calmodulin by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
417. Location of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins by immunocytochemistry in the rat forebrain corresponds to the distribution of the insulin receptor
418. Antiapoptotic signaling by the insulin receptor in chinese hamster ovary cells
419. A role for nuclear factor κB in the antiapoptotic function of insulin
420. Antiapoptotic signalling by the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt
421. Insulin-like growth factor 1 inhibits apoptosis using the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways
422. Insulin antiapoptotic signaling involves insulin activation of the nuclear factor κB-dependent survival genes encoding tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 and manganese-superoxide dismutase
423. Requirement for nitric oxide activation of p21(ras)/extracellular regulated kinase in neuronal ischemic preconditioning
424. Activation of c-Ha-Ras by nitric oxide modulates survival responsiveness in neuronal PC12 cells
425. Disruption of the mouse Rce-1 gene results in defective ras processing and mislocalization of Ras within cells
426. Effect of insulin on farnesyltransferase. Specificity of insulin action and potentiation of nuclear effects of insulin-like growth factor-1, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor
427. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors induce cytochrome-c release and caspase 3 activation preferentially in transformed cells
428. The molecular basis of viral oncolysis: usurpation of the Ras signaling pathway by reovirus
429. Targeted disruption of p70(s6k) defines its role in protein synthesis and rapamycin sensitivity
430. Regulation of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2B: glycogen synthase kinase-3 phosphorylates a conserved serine which undergoes dephosphorylation in response to insulin
431. Inhibition of DNA synthesis by a farnesyltransferase inhibitor involves inhibition of the p70(s6k) pathway
432. Wortmannin inhibits insulin-stimulated activation of protein phosphatase 1 in rat cardiomyocytes
433. The phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase/AKT2 pathway is a critical target for farnesyltransferase inhibitor-induced apoptosis
434. Insulin-like growth factor-1-mediated neuroprotection against oxidative stress is associated with activation of nuclear factor κB
435. Insulin-like growth factor-II, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, nuclear factor-kappaB and inducible nitric-oxide synthase define a common myogenic signaling pathway
436. Activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt promote survival of superior cervical neurons
437. The Ras/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Ras/ERK pathways function as independent survival modules each of which inhibits a distinct apoptotic signaling pathway in sympathetic neurons
438. Protein kinase B localization and activation differentially affect S6 kinase 1 activity and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 phosphorylation
439. Molecular cloning of the akt oncogene and its human homologs Akt1 and Akt2: amplification of Akt1 in a primary human gastric adenocarcinoma
440. Regulation of cell death protease caspase-9 by phosphorylation
441. Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor
442. Protein kinase B/Akt-mediated phosphorylation promotes nuclear exclusion of the winged helix transcription factor FKHR1
443. NF-κB activation by tumor necrosis factor requires the Akt serine-threonine kinase
444. Akt suppresses apoptosis by stimulating the transactivation potential of the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB
445. Stimulation of protein synthesis, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E phosphorylation, and PHAS-1 phosphorylation by insulin requires insulin receptor substrate 1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
446. Essential role for protein kinase B (PKB) in insulin-induced glycogen synthase kinase 3 inactivation. Characterization of dominant-negative PKB
447. Two different signal transduction pathways are implicated in the regulation of initiation factor 2B activity in insulin-like growth factor-1-stimulated neuronal cells
448. Caspase-dependent cleavage of signaling proteins during apoptosis: a turn-off mechanism for anti-apoptotic signals
449. + permeability of the β-cell membrane
450. Regulation of insulin receptor kinase by multisite phosphorylation
451. 2+) complex: a possible mechanism of nigrostriatal cell damage
452. Enhancement by catechols of hydroxyl-radical formation in the presence of ferric ions and hydrogen peroxide
453. Dopa and dopamine cause cultured neuronal death in the presence of iron
454. Oxidative stress disrupts insulin-induced cellular redistribution of insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes