메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 162, Issue , 2016, Pages 152-169

Vitamin E therapy beyond cancer: Tocopherol versus tocotrienol

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Cardiovascular; Cholesterol; Inflammation; Pharmacokinetics; Radioprotectant

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ALPHA TOCOTRIENOL; ANTIOXIDANT; TOCOPHEROL;

EID: 84971219965     PISSN: 01637258     EISSN: 1879016X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (273)

References (210)
  • 1
    • 84866150936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose versus high-dose gamma-tocotrienol on the bone cells exposed to the hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis
    • N. Abd Manan, N. Mohamed, and A.N. Shuid Effects of low-dose versus high-dose gamma-tocotrienol on the bone cells exposed to the hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012 2012 680834
    • (2012) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2012 , pp. 680834
    • Abd Manan, N.1    Mohamed, N.2    Shuid, A.N.3
  • 2
    • 84902343353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of topically applied tocotrienol on cataractogenesis and lens redox status in galactosemic rats
    • N.A. Abdul Nasir, R. Agarwal, S. Vasudevan, M. Tripathy, R. Alyautdin, and N.M. Ismail Effects of topically applied tocotrienol on cataractogenesis and lens redox status in galactosemic rats Mol Vis 20 2014 822 835
    • (2014) Mol Vis , vol.20 , pp. 822-835
    • Abdul Nasir, N.A.1    Agarwal, R.2    Vasudevan, S.3    Tripathy, M.4    Alyautdin, R.5    Ismail, N.M.6
  • 3
    • 0034096894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tocotrienols on life span and protein carbonylation in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • H. Adachi, and N. Ishii Effects of tocotrienols on life span and protein carbonylation in Caenorhabditis elegans J Gerontol Ser A Biol Med Sci 55 2000 B280 B285
    • (2000) J Gerontol ser A Biol Med Sci , vol.55 , pp. B280-B285
    • Adachi, H.1    Ishii, N.2
  • 4
    • 0037282962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant vitamin supplementation in Crohn's disease decreases oxidative stress: A randomized controlled trial
    • E. Aghdassi, B.E. Wendland, A.H. Steinhart, S.L. Wolman, K. Jeejeebhoy, and J.P. Allard Antioxidant vitamin supplementation in Crohn's disease decreases oxidative stress: A randomized controlled trial Am J Gastroenterol 98 2003 348 353
    • (2003) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.98 , pp. 348-353
    • Aghdassi, E.1    Wendland, B.E.2    Steinhart, A.H.3    Wolman, S.L.4    Jeejeebhoy, K.5    Allard, J.P.6
  • 6
    • 24644447954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic impacts of tocotrienols in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia
    • S. Baliarsingh, Z.H. Beg, and J. Ahmad The therapeutic impacts of tocotrienols in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia Atherosclerosis 182 2005 367 374
    • (2005) Atherosclerosis , vol.182 , pp. 367-374
    • Baliarsingh, S.1    Beg, Z.H.2    Ahmad, J.3
  • 7
    • 0036168895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E uncouples joint destruction and clinical inflammation in a transgenic mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis
    • M.D. Bandt, M. Grossin, F. Driss, J. Pincemail, C. Babin-Chevaye, and C. Pasquier Vitamin E uncouples joint destruction and clinical inflammation in a transgenic mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum 46 2002 522 532
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , pp. 522-532
    • Bandt, M.D.1    Grossin, M.2    Driss, F.3    Pincemail, J.4    Babin-Chevaye, C.5    Pasquier, C.6
  • 8
    • 84860783603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying the radioprotective properties of γ-tocotrienol: Comparative gene expression profiling in tocol-treated endothelial cells
    • M. Berbée, Q. Fu, M. Boerma, K. Sree Kumar, D. Loose, and M. Hauer-Jensen Mechanisms underlying the radioprotective properties of γ-tocotrienol: comparative gene expression profiling in tocol-treated endothelial cells Genes Nutr 7 2012 75 81
    • (2012) Genes Nutr , vol.7 , pp. 75-81
    • Berbée, M.1    Fu, Q.2    Boerma, M.3    Sree Kumar, K.4    Loose, D.5    Hauer-Jensen, M.6
  • 9
    • 67650673837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Tocotrienol ameliorates intestinal radiation injury and reduces vascular oxidative stress after total-body irradiation by an HMG-CoA reductase-dependent mechanism
    • M. Berbée, Q. Fu, M. Boerma, J. Wang, K.S. Kumar, and M. Hauer-Jensen γ-Tocotrienol ameliorates intestinal radiation injury and reduces vascular oxidative stress after total-body irradiation by an HMG-CoA reductase-dependent mechanism Radiat Res 171 2009 596 605
    • (2009) Radiat Res , vol.171 , pp. 596-605
    • Berbée, M.1    Fu, Q.2    Boerma, M.3    Wang, J.4    Kumar, K.S.5    Hauer-Jensen, M.6
  • 10
    • 0022870311 scopus 로고
    • Modification of survival and hematopoiesis in mice by tocopherol injection following irradiation
    • T.J. Bichay, and R.M. Roy Modification of survival and hematopoiesis in mice by tocopherol injection following irradiation Strahlenther Onkol 162 1986 391 399
    • (1986) Strahlenther Onkol , vol.162 , pp. 391-399
    • Bichay, T.J.1    Roy, R.M.2
  • 11
    • 0036791124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identities and differences in the metabolism of tocotrienols and tocopherols in HepG2 cells
    • M. Birringer, P. Pfluger, D. Kluth, N. Landes, and R. Brigelius-Flohé Identities and differences in the metabolism of tocotrienols and tocopherols in HepG2 cells J Nutr 132 2002 3113 3118
    • (2002) J Nutr , vol.132 , pp. 3113-3118
    • Birringer, M.1    Pfluger, P.2    Kluth, D.3    Landes, N.4    Brigelius-Flohé, R.5
  • 12
    • 77952290865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of selenium and Vitamin E combination on experimental colitis in blood plasma and colon of rats
    • M. Bitiren, A. Karakilcik, M. Zerin, I. OzardalI, S. Selek, Y. NazlIgül, and et al. Protective effects of selenium and vitamin E combination on experimental colitis in blood plasma and colon of rats Biol Trace Elem Res 136 2010 87 95
    • (2010) Biol Trace Elem Res , vol.136 , pp. 87-95
    • Bitiren, M.1    Karakilcik, A.2    Zerin, M.3    OzardalI, I.4    Selek, S.5    Nazligül, Y.6
  • 13
    • 84880429698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocopherol derivative TFA-12 promotes myelin repair in experimental models of multiple sclerosis
    • B. Blanchard, T. Heurtaux, C. Garcia, N.M. Moll, C. Caillava, L. Grandbarbe, and et al. Tocopherol derivative TFA-12 promotes myelin repair in experimental models of multiple sclerosis J Neurosci 33 2013 11633 11642
    • (2013) J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 11633-11642
    • Blanchard, B.1    Heurtaux, T.2    Garcia, C.3    Moll, N.M.4    Caillava, C.5    Grandbarbe, L.6
  • 14
    • 0031910636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins A and e serum levels in children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease: Effect of disease activity
    • A. Bousvaros, D. Zurakowski, C. Duggan, T. Law, N. Rifai, N.E. Goldberg, and et al. Vitamins A and E serum levels in children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease: effect of disease activity J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 26 1998 129 135
    • (1998) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.26 , pp. 129-135
    • Bousvaros, A.1    Zurakowski, D.2    Duggan, C.3    Law, T.4    Rifai, N.5    Goldberg, N.E.6
  • 16
    • 0033037413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E: Function and metabolism
    • R. Brigelius-Flohe, and M.G. Traber Vitamin E: function and metabolism FASEB J 13 1999 1145 1155
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13 , pp. 1145-1155
    • Brigelius-Flohe, R.1    Traber, M.G.2
  • 17
    • 0034305965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase III randomized trial of amifostine as a radioprotector in head and neck cancer
    • D.M. Brizel, T.H. Wasserman, M. Henke, V. Strnad, V. Rudat, A. Monnier, and et al. Phase III randomized trial of amifostine as a radioprotector in head and neck cancer J Clin Oncol 18 2000 3339 3345
    • (2000) J Clin Oncol , vol.18 , pp. 3339-3345
    • Brizel, D.M.1    Wasserman, T.H.2    Henke, M.3    Strnad, V.4    Rudat, V.5    Monnier, A.6
  • 18
    • 68749121983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and the vascular wall of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • S.B. Budin, F. Othman, S.R. Louis, M.A. Bakar, S. Das, and J. Mohamed The effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress and the vascular wall of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Clinics (Sao Paulo) 64 2009 235 244
    • (2009) Clinics (Sao Paulo) , vol.64 , pp. 235-244
    • Budin, S.B.1    Othman, F.2    Louis, S.R.3    Bakar, M.A.4    Das, S.5    Mohamed, J.6
  • 19
    • 0031976862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human plasma and tissue alpha-tocopherol concentrations in response to supplementation with deuterated natural and synthetic Vitamin E
    • G.W. Burton, M.G. Traber, R.V. Acuff, D.N. Walters, H. Kayden, L. Hughes, and et al. Human plasma and tissue alpha-tocopherol concentrations in response to supplementation with deuterated natural and synthetic vitamin E Am J Clin Nutr 67 1998 669 684
    • (1998) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.67 , pp. 669-684
    • Burton, G.W.1    Traber, M.G.2    Acuff, R.V.3    Walters, D.N.4    Kayden, H.5    Hughes, L.6
  • 21
    • 84878817212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria-targeted Vitamin E analogs inhibit breast cancer cell energy metabolism and promote cell death
    • G. Cheng, J. Zielonka, D. McAllister, A. Mackinnon, J. Joseph, M. Dwinell, and et al. Mitochondria-targeted vitamin E analogs inhibit breast cancer cell energy metabolism and promote cell death BMC Cancer 13 2013 285
    • (2013) BMC Cancer , vol.13 , pp. 285
    • Cheng, G.1    Zielonka, J.2    McAllister, D.3    Mackinnon, A.4    Joseph, J.5    Dwinell, M.6
  • 22
    • 84898934852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of alpha-tocopherol on bone: A double-edged sword?
    • K.Y. Chin, and S. Ima-Nirwana The effects of alpha-tocopherol on bone: A double-edged sword? Nutrients 6 2014 1424 1441
    • (2014) Nutrients , vol.6 , pp. 1424-1441
    • Chin, K.Y.1    Ima-Nirwana, S.2
  • 23
    • 84907352754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of annatto-derived tocotrienol supplementation on osteoporosis induced by testosterone deficiency in rats
    • K.Y. Chin, and S. Ima-Nirwana Effects of annatto-derived tocotrienol supplementation on osteoporosis induced by testosterone deficiency in rats Clin Interv Aging 9 2014 1247 1259
    • (2014) Clin Interv Aging , vol.9 , pp. 1247-1259
    • Chin, K.Y.1    Ima-Nirwana, S.2
  • 24
    • 33847144207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from some grains consumed in Korea
    • Y. Choi, H.-S. Jeong, and J. Lee Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from some grains consumed in Korea Food Chem 103 2007 130 138
    • (2007) Food Chem , vol.103 , pp. 130-138
    • Choi, Y.1    Jeong, H.-S.2    Lee, J.3
  • 25
    • 0032447138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long- and short-termed-α-tocopherol supplementation inhibits liver collagen α1(Ι) gene expression
    • M. Chojkier, K. Houglum, K.S. Lee, and M. Buck Long- and short-termed-α-tocopherol supplementation inhibits liver collagen α1(Ι) gene expression Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 275 1998 G1480 G1485
    • (1998) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.275 , pp. G1480-G1485
    • Chojkier, M.1    Houglum, K.2    Lee, K.S.3    Buck, M.4
  • 26
    • 0036846142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of plasma tocopherols α, γ, and 5-nitro-γ in rats with inflammation by HPLC coulometric detection
    • S. Christen, Q. Jiang, M.K. Shigenaga, and B.N. Ames Analysis of plasma tocopherols α, γ, and 5-nitro-γ in rats with inflammation by HPLC coulometric detection J Lipid Res 43 2002 1978 1985
    • (2002) J Lipid Res , vol.43 , pp. 1978-1985
    • Christen, S.1    Jiang, Q.2    Shigenaga, M.K.3    Ames, B.N.4
  • 27
    • 0030992539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Tocopherol traps mutagenic electrophiles such as NOx and complements α-tocopherol: Physiological implications
    • S. Christen, A.A. Woodall, M.K. Shigenaga, P.T. Southwell-Keely, M.W. Duncan, and B.N. Ames γ-Tocopherol traps mutagenic electrophiles such as NOx and complements α-tocopherol: physiological implications Proc Natl Acad Sci 94 1997 3217 3222
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.94 , pp. 3217-3222
    • Christen, S.1    Woodall, A.A.2    Shigenaga, M.K.3    Southwell-Keely, P.T.4    Duncan, M.W.5    Ames, B.N.6
  • 29
    • 77951786352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on Vitamin E, tocopherol and tocotrienol - Perspectives
    • M.L. Colombo An update on vitamin E, tocopherol and tocotrienol - perspectives Molecules 15 2010 2103 2113
    • (2010) Molecules , vol.15 , pp. 2103-2113
    • Colombo, M.L.1
  • 30
    • 84892589590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics guided design of tocoflexol: A new radioprotectant tocotrienol with enhanced bioavailability
    • C.M. Compadre, A. Singh, S. Thakkar, G. Zheng, P.J. Breen, S. Ghosh, and et al. Molecular dynamics guided design of tocoflexol: A new radioprotectant tocotrienol with enhanced bioavailability Drug Dev Res 75 2014 10 22
    • (2014) Drug Dev Res , vol.75 , pp. 10-22
    • Compadre, C.M.1    Singh, A.2    Thakkar, S.3    Zheng, G.4    Breen, P.J.5    Ghosh, S.6
  • 33
    • 77951037195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection induced by Vitamin E against oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons: Involvement of TRPV1 channels
    • N. Crouzin, M.C. Ferreira, C. Cohen-Solal, G. Barbanel, J. Guiramand, and M. Vignes Neuroprotection induced by vitamin E against oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons: involvement of TRPV1 channels Mol Nutr Food Res 54 2010 496 505
    • (2010) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.54 , pp. 496-505
    • Crouzin, N.1    Ferreira, M.C.2    Cohen-Solal, C.3    Barbanel, G.4    Guiramand, J.5    Vignes, M.6
  • 34
    • 48049122491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and anemia in chronic hemodialysis: The promise of bioreactive membranes
    • D.N. Cruz, M. de Cal, and C. Ronco Oxidative stress and anemia in chronic hemodialysis: The promise of bioreactive membranes Contrib Nephrol 161 2008 89 98
    • (2008) Contrib Nephrol , vol.161 , pp. 89-98
    • Cruz, D.N.1    De Cal, M.2    Ronco, C.3
  • 35
    • 51149100161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caveolin and proteasome in tocotrienol mediated myocardial protection
    • M. Das, S. Das, P. Wang, S.R. Powell, and D.K. Das Caveolin and proteasome in tocotrienol mediated myocardial protection Cell Physiol Biochem 22 2008 287 294
    • (2008) Cell Physiol Biochem , vol.22 , pp. 287-294
    • Das, M.1    Das, S.2    Wang, P.3    Powell, S.R.4    Das, D.K.5
  • 36
    • 84889850694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E tocotrienol supplementation improves lipid profiles in chronic hemodialysis patients
    • Z.A. Daud, B. Tubie, M. Sheyman, R. Osia, J. Adams, S. Tubie, and et al. Vitamin E tocotrienol supplementation improves lipid profiles in chronic hemodialysis patients Vasc Health Risk Manag 9 2013 747 761
    • (2013) Vasc Health Risk Manag , vol.9 , pp. 747-761
    • Daud, Z.A.1    Tubie, B.2    Sheyman, M.3    Osia, R.4    Adams, J.5    Tubie, S.6
  • 37
    • 59949102230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-Tocopherol protects against oxidative stress in the fragile X knockout mouse: An experimental therapeutic approach for the Fmr1 deficiency
    • Y. de Diego-Otero, Y. Romero-Zerbo, R.e. Bekay, J. Decara, L. Sanchez, F.R.-d. Fonseca, and et al. α-Tocopherol protects against oxidative stress in the fragile X knockout mouse: An experimental therapeutic approach for the Fmr1 deficiency Neuropsychopharmacology 34 2008 1011 1026
    • (2008) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.34 , pp. 1011-1026
    • De Diego-Otero, Y.1    Romero-Zerbo, Y.2    Decara, J.3    Sanchez, L.4
  • 38
    • 0029994058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations of nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidase activities of human keratinocytes by ultraviolet B radiation: Potential role for peroxynitrite in skin inflammation
    • G. Deliconstantinos, V. Villiotou, and J.C. Stavrides Alterations of nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidase activities of human keratinocytes by ultraviolet B radiation: potential role for peroxynitrite in skin inflammation Biochem Pharmacol 51 1996 1727 1738
    • (1996) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 1727-1738
    • Deliconstantinos, G.1    Villiotou, V.2    Stavrides, J.C.3
  • 39
    • 84904900592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-tocotrienol protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss via mevalonate pathway as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
    • L. Deng, Y. Ding, Y. Peng, Y. Wu, J. Fan, W. Li, and et al. Gamma-tocotrienol protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss via mevalonate pathway as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Bone 67 2014 200 207
    • (2014) Bone , vol.67 , pp. 200-207
    • Deng, L.1    Ding, Y.2    Peng, Y.3    Wu, Y.4    Fan, J.5    Li, W.6
  • 40
    • 0034667579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha tocopherol supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and monocyte interleukin-6 levels in normal volunteers and type 2 diabetic patients
    • S. Devaraj, and I. Jialal Alpha tocopherol supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and monocyte interleukin-6 levels in normal volunteers and type 2 diabetic patients Free Radic Biol Med 29 2000 790 792
    • (2000) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.29 , pp. 790-792
    • Devaraj, S.1    Jialal, I.2
  • 41
    • 39949084486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-tocopherol supplementation alone and in combination with alpha-tocopherol alters biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects with metabolic syndrome
    • S. Devaraj, S. Leonard, M.G. Traber, and I. Jialal Gamma-tocopherol supplementation alone and in combination with alpha-tocopherol alters biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects with metabolic syndrome Free Radic Biol Med 44 2008 1203 1208
    • (2008) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.44 , pp. 1203-1208
    • Devaraj, S.1    Leonard, S.2    Traber, M.G.3    Jialal, I.4
  • 42
    • 37049201550 scopus 로고
    • On the existence of a hitherto unrecognized dietary factor essential for reproduction
    • H.M. Evans, and K.S. Bishop On the existence of a hitherto unrecognized dietary factor essential for reproduction Science 1922 650 651
    • (1922) Science , pp. 650-651
    • Evans, H.M.1    Bishop, K.S.2
  • 43
    • 77649303444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E tocotrienols improve insulin sensitivity through activating peroxisome proliferator-Activated receptors
    • F. Fang, Z. Kang, and C. Wong Vitamin E tocotrienols improve insulin sensitivity through activating peroxisome proliferator-Activated receptors Mol Nutr Food Res 54 2010 345 352
    • (2010) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.54 , pp. 345-352
    • Fang, F.1    Kang, Z.2    Wong, C.3
  • 44
    • 84884866015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Vitamin E on bone biomechanical and histomorphometric parameters in ovariectomized rats
    • R.G. Feresin, S.A. Johnson, M.L. Elam, J.S. Kim, D.A. Khalil, E.A. Lucas, and et al. Effects of vitamin e on bone biomechanical and histomorphometric parameters in ovariectomized rats J Osteoporos 2013 2013 825985
    • (2013) J Osteoporos , vol.2013 , pp. 825985
    • Feresin, R.G.1    Johnson, S.A.2    Elam, M.L.3    Kim, J.S.4    Khalil, D.A.5    Lucas, E.A.6
  • 45
    • 0034566857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-Tocopherol and protein kinase C inhibition enhance platelet-derived nitric oxide release
    • J.E. Freedman, L. Li, R. Sauter, and J.F. Keaney α-Tocopherol and protein kinase C inhibition enhance platelet-derived nitric oxide release FASEB J 14 2000 2377 2379
    • (2000) FASEB J , vol.14 , pp. 2377-2379
    • Freedman, J.E.1    Li, L.2    Sauter, R.3    Keaney, J.F.4
  • 46
    • 0032318592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and estimation of tocotrienols in the annatto lipid fraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    • N. Frega, M. Mozzon, and F. Bocci Identification and estimation of tocotrienols in the annatto lipid fraction by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry J Am Oil Chem Soc 75 1998 1723 1727
    • (1998) J Am Oil Chem Soc , vol.75 , pp. 1723-1727
    • Frega, N.1    Mozzon, M.2    Bocci, F.3
  • 47
    • 84859597301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E decreases bone mass by stimulating osteoclast fusion
    • K. Fujita, M. Iwasaki, H. Ochi, T. Fukuda, C. Ma, T. Miyamoto, and et al. Vitamin E decreases bone mass by stimulating osteoclast fusion Nat Med 18 2012 589 594
    • (2012) Nat Med , vol.18 , pp. 589-594
    • Fujita, K.1    Iwasaki, M.2    Ochi, H.3    Fukuda, T.4    Ma, C.5    Miyamoto, T.6
  • 48
    • 0000321158 scopus 로고
    • The etiology of the deficiency diseases
    • C. Funk The etiology of the deficiency diseases J State Med 20 1912 341 368
    • (1912) J State Med , vol.20 , pp. 341-368
    • Funk, C.1
  • 49
    • 30344456981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of supersaturatable self-emulsifying drug delivery system formulations for improving the oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs
    • P. Gao, and W. Morozowich Development of supersaturatable self-emulsifying drug delivery system formulations for improving the oral absorption of poorly soluble drugs Expert Opin Drug Deliv 3 2005 97 110
    • (2005) Expert Opin Drug Deliv , vol.3 , pp. 97-110
    • Gao, P.1    Morozowich, W.2
  • 50
    • 4344560306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sesame lignans enhance antioxidant activity of Vitamin E in lipid peroxidation systems
    • Ghafoorunissa, S. Hemalatha, and M.V. Rao Sesame lignans enhance antioxidant activity of vitamin E in lipid peroxidation systems Mol Cell Biochem 262 2004 195 202
    • (2004) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.262 , pp. 195-202
    • Ghafoorunissa1    Hemalatha, S.2    Rao, M.V.3
  • 52
    • 84899721654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical investigation of the protective effects of palm Vitamin E tocotrienols on brain white matter
    • Y. Gopalan, I.L. Shuaib, E. Magosso, M.A. Ansari, M.R. Abu Bakar, J.W. Wong, and et al. Clinical investigation of the protective effects of palm vitamin E tocotrienols on brain white matter Stroke 45 2014 1422 1428
    • (2014) Stroke , vol.45 , pp. 1422-1428
    • Gopalan, Y.1    Shuaib, I.L.2    Magosso, E.3    Ansari, M.A.4    Abu Bakar, M.R.5    Wong, J.W.6
  • 53
    • 77952096362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins e and D3 attenuate demyelination and potentiate remyelination processes of hippocampal formation of rats following local injection of ethidium bromide
    • M. Goudarzvand, M. Javan, J. Mirnajafi-Zadeh, S. Mozafari, and T. Tiraihi Vitamins E and D3 attenuate demyelination and potentiate remyelination processes of hippocampal formation of rats following local injection of ethidium bromide Cell Mol Neurobiol 30 2010 289 299
    • (2010) Cell Mol Neurobiol , vol.30 , pp. 289-299
    • Goudarzvand, M.1    Javan, M.2    Mirnajafi-Zadeh, J.3    Mozafari, S.4    Tiraihi, T.5
  • 54
    • 11244299466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E supplements: Good in theory, but is the theory good?
    • E.R. Greenberg Vitamin E supplements: good in theory, but is the theory good? Ann Intern Med 142 2005 75 76
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.142 , pp. 75-76
    • Greenberg, E.R.1
  • 55
    • 0036886979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Vitamin E on mast cell mediator release
    • T. Gueck, J.R. Aschenbach, and H. Fuhrmann Influence of vitamin E on mast cell mediator release Vet Dermatol 13 2002 301 305
    • (2002) Vet Dermatol , vol.13 , pp. 301-305
    • Gueck, T.1    Aschenbach, J.R.2    Fuhrmann, H.3
  • 57
    • 84901702105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of tocotrienols added to canola oil on microalbuminuria, inflammation, and nitrosative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • N. Haghighat, M. Vafa, S. Eghtesadi, I. Heidari, A. Hosseini, and A. Rostami The effects of tocotrienols added to canola oil on microalbuminuria, inflammation, and nitrosative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Int J Prev Med 5 2014 617 623
    • (2014) Int J Prev Med , vol.5 , pp. 617-623
    • Haghighat, N.1    Vafa, M.2    Eghtesadi, S.3    Heidari, I.4    Hosseini, A.5    Rostami, A.6
  • 58
    • 84904699321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic efficacy of Vitamin E δ-tocotrienol in collagen-induced rat model of arthritis
    • N. Haleagrahara, M. Swaminathan, S. Chakravarthi, and A. Radhakrishnan Therapeutic efficacy of vitamin E δ-tocotrienol in collagen-induced rat model of arthritis Biomed Res Int 2014 2014 1 8
    • (2014) Biomed Res Int , vol.2014 , pp. 1-8
    • Haleagrahara, N.1    Swaminathan, M.2    Chakravarthi, S.3    Radhakrishnan, A.4
  • 59
    • 84939793955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating concentrations of Vitamin E isomers: Association with bone turnover and arterial stiffness in post-menopausal women
    • G. Hampson, S. Edwards, A. Sankaralingam, D.J. Harrington, K. Voong, I. Fogelman, and et al. Circulating concentrations of vitamin E isomers: Association with bone turnover and arterial stiffness in post-menopausal women Bone 81 2015 407 412
    • (2015) Bone , vol.81 , pp. 407-412
    • Hampson, G.1    Edwards, S.2    Sankaralingam, A.3    Harrington, D.J.4    Voong, K.5    Fogelman, I.6
  • 60
    • 58149314166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of tocotrienol and tocopherol on bone histomorphometric parameters in Sprague-Dawley male rats after nicotine cessation
    • H. Hermizi, O. Faizah, S. Ima-Nirwana, S. Ahmad Nazrun, and M. Norazlina Beneficial effects of tocotrienol and tocopherol on bone histomorphometric parameters in Sprague-Dawley male rats after nicotine cessation Calcif Tissue Int 84 2009 65 74
    • (2009) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.84 , pp. 65-74
    • Hermizi, H.1    Faizah, O.2    Ima-Nirwana, S.3    Ahmad Nazrun, S.4    Norazlina, M.5
  • 61
    • 33745454670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of tocopherols and tocotrienols in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues
    • G. Horvath, L. Wessjohann, J. Bigirimana, M. Jansen, Y. Guisez, R. Caubergs, and et al. Differential distribution of tocopherols and tocotrienols in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic tissues Phytochemistry 67 2006 1185 1195
    • (2006) Phytochemistry , vol.67 , pp. 1185-1195
    • Horvath, G.1    Wessjohann, L.2    Bigirimana, J.3    Jansen, M.4    Guisez, Y.5    Caubergs, R.6
  • 62
    • 0030949103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affinity for α-tocopherol transfer protein as a determinant of the biological activities of Vitamin E analogs
    • A. Hosomi, M. Arita, Y. Sato, C. Kiyose, T. Ueda, O. Igarashi, and et al. Affinity for α-tocopherol transfer protein as a determinant of the biological activities of vitamin E analogs FEBS Lett 409 1997 105 108
    • (1997) FEBS Lett , vol.409 , pp. 105-108
    • Hosomi, A.1    Arita, M.2    Sato, Y.3    Kiyose, C.4    Ueda, T.5    Igarashi, O.6
  • 64
    • 0035161680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary sesame seeds elevate α- And γ-tocotrienol concentrations in skin and adipose tissue of rats fed the tocotrienol-rich fraction extracted from palm oil
    • S. Ikeda, K. Toyoshima, and K. Yamashita Dietary sesame seeds elevate α- and γ-tocotrienol concentrations in skin and adipose tissue of rats fed the tocotrienol-rich fraction extracted from palm oil J Nutr 131 2001 2892 2897
    • (2001) J Nutr , vol.131 , pp. 2892-2897
    • Ikeda, S.1    Toyoshima, K.2    Yamashita, K.3
  • 65
    • 84942824156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone biology, signaling pathways, and therapeutic targets for osteoporosis
    • N.M. Iniguez-Ariza, and B.L. Clarke Bone biology, signaling pathways, and therapeutic targets for osteoporosis Maturitas 82 2015 245 255
    • (2015) Maturitas , vol.82 , pp. 245-255
    • Iniguez-Ariza, N.M.1    Clarke, B.L.2
  • 66
  • 67
    • 84885336664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of long-term Vitamin E insufficiency or excess on bone mass, density, and microarchitecture in rodents
    • U.T. Iwaniec, R.T. Turner, B.J. Smith, B.J. Stoecker, A. Rust, B. Zhang, and et al. Evaluation of long-term vitamin E insufficiency or excess on bone mass, density, and microarchitecture in rodents Free Radic Biol Med 65 2013 1209 1214
    • (2013) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.65 , pp. 1209-1214
    • Iwaniec, U.T.1    Turner, R.T.2    Smith, B.J.3    Stoecker, B.J.4    Rust, A.5    Zhang, B.6
  • 69
    • 0035956733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E inhibits renal mRNA expression of COX II, HO I, TGFβ, and osteopontin in the rat model of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity
    • J.K. Jenkins, H. Huang, K. Ndebele, and A.K. Salahudeen Vitamin E inhibits renal mRNA expression of COX II, HO I, TGFβ, and osteopontin in the rat model of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity Transplantation 71 2001 331 334
    • (2001) Transplantation , vol.71 , pp. 331-334
    • Jenkins, J.K.1    Huang, H.2    Ndebele, K.3    Salahudeen, A.K.4
  • 70
    • 84899952359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural forms of Vitamin E: Metabolism, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities and their role in disease prevention and therapy
    • Q. Jiang Natural forms of vitamin E: metabolism, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities and their role in disease prevention and therapy Free Radic Biol Med 72 2014 76 90
    • (2014) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.72 , pp. 76-90
    • Jiang, Q.1
  • 71
    • 80052998719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of antioxidative and antifibrotic effects of α-tocopherol with those of tocotrienol-rich fraction in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis
    • F. Jiang, Z. Liao, L.-H. Hu, Y.-Q. Du, X.-H. Man, J.-J. Gu, and et al. Comparison of antioxidative and antifibrotic effects of α-tocopherol with those of tocotrienol-rich fraction in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis Pancreas 40 2011 1091 1096
    • (2011) Pancreas , vol.40 , pp. 1091-1096
    • Jiang, F.1    Liao, Z.2    Hu, L.-H.3    Du, Y.-Q.4    Man, X.-H.5    Gu, J.-J.6
  • 72
    • 71749114450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combination of aspirin and γ-tocopherol is superior to that of aspirin and α-tocopherol in anti-inflammatory action and attenuation of aspirin-induced adverse effects
    • Q. Jiang, M. Moreland, B.N. Ames, and X. Yin A combination of aspirin and γ-tocopherol is superior to that of aspirin and α-tocopherol in anti-inflammatory action and attenuation of aspirin-induced adverse effects J Nutr Biochem 20 2009 894 900
    • (2009) J Nutr Biochem , vol.20 , pp. 894-900
    • Jiang, Q.1    Moreland, M.2    Ames, B.N.3    Yin, X.4
  • 73
    • 58149488676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain carboxychromanols, metabolites of Vitamin E, are potent inhibitors of cyclooxygenases
    • Q. Jiang, X. Yin, M.A. Lill, M.L. Danielson, H. Freiser, and J. Huang Long-chain carboxychromanols, metabolites of vitamin E, are potent inhibitors of cyclooxygenases Proc Natl Acad Sci 105 2008 20464 20469
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.105 , pp. 20464-20469
    • Jiang, Q.1    Yin, X.2    Lill, M.A.3    Danielson, M.L.4    Freiser, H.5    Huang, J.6
  • 74
    • 0035910394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-Tocopherol transfer protein is important for the normal development of placental labyrinthine trophoblasts in mice
    • K.-i. Jishage, M. Arita, K. Igarashi, T. Iwata, M. Watanabe, M. Ogawa, and et al. α-Tocopherol transfer protein is important for the normal development of placental labyrinthine trophoblasts in mice J Biol Chem 276 2001 1669 1672
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 1669-1672
    • Arita, M.1    Igarashi, K.2    Iwata, T.3    Watanabe, M.4    Ogawa, M.5
  • 75
    • 0029144077 scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols from palm oil as potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in rat brain mitochondria
    • J.P. Kamat, and T.P.A. Devasagayam Tocotrienols from palm oil as potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in rat brain mitochondria Neurosci Lett 195 1995 179 182
    • (1995) Neurosci Lett , vol.195 , pp. 179-182
    • Kamat, J.P.1    Devasagayam, T.P.A.2
  • 77
    • 0033533063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered lung antioxidant status in patients with mild asthma
    • F.J. Kelly, I. Mudway, A. Blomberg, A. Frew, and T. Sandström Altered lung antioxidant status in patients with mild asthma Lancet 354 1999 482 483
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 482-483
    • Kelly, F.J.1    Mudway, I.2    Blomberg, A.3    Frew, A.4    Sandström, T.5
  • 79
    • 75949103949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanomolar Vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol inhibits glutamate-induced activation of phospholipase A2 and causes neuroprotection
    • S. Khanna, N.L. Parinandi, S.R. Kotha, S. Roy, C. Rink, D. Bibus, and et al. Nanomolar vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol inhibits glutamate-induced activation of phospholipase A2 and causes neuroprotection J Neurochem 112 2010 1249 1260
    • (2010) J Neurochem , vol.112 , pp. 1249-1260
    • Khanna, S.1    Parinandi, N.L.2    Kotha, S.R.3    Roy, S.4    Rink, C.5    Bibus, D.6
  • 80
    • 27544458284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery of orally supplemented α-tocotrienol to vital organs of rats and tocopherol-transport protein deficient mice
    • S. Khanna, V. Patel, C. Rink, S. Roy, and C.K. Sen Delivery of orally supplemented α-tocotrienol to vital organs of rats and tocopherol-transport protein deficient mice Free Radic Biol Med 39 2005 1310 1319
    • (2005) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.39 , pp. 1310-1319
    • Khanna, S.1    Patel, V.2    Rink, C.3    Roy, S.4    Sen, C.K.5
  • 81
    • 0242290274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of Vitamin E action: Tocotrienol modulates 12-lipoxygenase, a key mediator of glutamate-induced neurodegeneration
    • S. Khanna, S. Roy, H. Ryu, P. Bahadduri, P.W. Swaan, R.R. Ratan, and et al. Molecular basis of vitamin E action: Tocotrienol modulates 12-lipoxygenase, a key mediator of glutamate-induced neurodegeneration J Biol Chem 278 2003 43508 43515
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 43508-43515
    • Khanna, S.1    Roy, S.2    Ryu, H.3    Bahadduri, P.4    Swaan, P.W.5    Ratan, R.R.6
  • 82
    • 26444609074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective properties of the natural Vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol
    • S. Khanna, S. Roy, A. Slivka, T.K. Craft, S. Chaki, C. Rink, and et al. Neuroprotective properties of the natural vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol Stroke 36 2005 2258 2264
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , pp. 2258-2264
    • Khanna, S.1    Roy, S.2    Slivka, A.3    Craft, T.K.4    Chaki, S.5    Rink, C.6
  • 84
    • 0031039880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiscrimination of alpha-tocopherol stereoisomers in humans after oral administration
    • C. Kiyose, R. Muramatsu, Y. Kameyama, T. Ueda, and O. Igarashi Biodiscrimination of alpha-tocopherol stereoisomers in humans after oral administration Am J Clin Nutr 65 1997 785 789
    • (1997) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.65 , pp. 785-789
    • Kiyose, C.1    Muramatsu, R.2    Kameyama, Y.3    Ueda, T.4    Igarashi, O.5
  • 88
    • 0031171974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of transforming growth factor β1 induction by dietary Vitamin E in unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats
    • N.B. Kuemmerle, R.B. Brandt, W. Chan, R.J. Krieg Jr., and J.C.M. Chan Inhibition of transforming growth factor β1 induction by dietary vitamin E in unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats Biochem Mol Med 61 1997 82 86
    • (1997) Biochem Mol Med , vol.61 , pp. 82-86
    • Kuemmerle, N.B.1    Brandt, R.B.2    Chan, W.3    Krieg, R.J.4    Chan, J.C.M.5
  • 89
    • 59649122815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of NF-κβ signaling pathway by tocotrienol can prevent diabetes associated cognitive deficits
    • A. Kuhad, M. Bishnoi, V. Tiwari, and K. Chopra Suppression of NF-κβ signaling pathway by tocotrienol can prevent diabetes associated cognitive deficits Pharmacol Biochem Behav 92 2009 251 259
    • (2009) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.92 , pp. 251-259
    • Kuhad, A.1    Bishnoi, M.2    Tiwari, V.3    Chopra, K.4
  • 90
    • 59649104131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by tocotrienol: Involvement of NFkB signaling pathway
    • A. Kuhad, and K. Chopra Attenuation of diabetic nephropathy by tocotrienol: involvement of NFkB signaling pathway Life Sci 84 2009 296 301
    • (2009) Life Sci , vol.84 , pp. 296-301
    • Kuhad, A.1    Chopra, K.2
  • 91
    • 68749098097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienol attenuates oxidative-nitrosative stress and inflammatory cascade in experimental model of diabetic neuropathy
    • A. Kuhad, and K. Chopra Tocotrienol attenuates oxidative-nitrosative stress and inflammatory cascade in experimental model of diabetic neuropathy Neuropharmacology 57 2009 456 462
    • (2009) Neuropharmacology , vol.57 , pp. 456-462
    • Kuhad, A.1    Chopra, K.2
  • 92
    • 84949109735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic radioprotection by gamma-tocotrienol and pentoxifylline: Role of cAMP signaling
    • S. Kulkarni, K. Chakraborty, K.S. Kumar, T.-C. Kao, M. Hauer-Jensen, and S.P. Ghosh Synergistic radioprotection by gamma-tocotrienol and pentoxifylline: role of cAMP signaling ISRN Radiol 2013 2013 390379
    • (2013) ISRN Radiol , vol.2013 , pp. 390379
    • Kulkarni, S.1    Chakraborty, K.2    Kumar, K.S.3    Kao, T.-C.4    Hauer-Jensen, M.5    Ghosh, S.P.6
  • 93
    • 77953174306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-tocotrienol protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in mice after total-body irradiation
    • S. Kulkarni, S.P. Ghosh, M. Satyamitra, S. Mog, K. Hieber, L. Romanyukha, and et al. Gamma-tocotrienol protects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in mice after total-body irradiation Radiat Res 173 2010 738 747
    • (2010) Radiat Res , vol.173 , pp. 738-747
    • Kulkarni, S.1    Ghosh, S.P.2    Satyamitra, M.3    Mog, S.4    Hieber, K.5    Romanyukha, L.6
  • 94
    • 84876801589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor antibody abrogates radioprotective efficacy of gamma-tocotrienol, a promising radiation countermeasure
    • S. Kulkarni, P.K. Singh, S.P. Ghosh, A. Posarac, and V.K. Singh Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor antibody abrogates radioprotective efficacy of gamma-tocotrienol, a promising radiation countermeasure Cytokine 62 2013 278 285
    • (2013) Cytokine , vol.62 , pp. 278-285
    • Kulkarni, S.1    Singh, P.K.2    Ghosh, S.P.3    Posarac, A.4    Singh, V.K.5
  • 95
    • 0035872421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionizing radiation-induced, mitochondria-dependent generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen
    • J.K. Leach, G. Van Tuyle, P.S. Lin, R. Schmidt-Ullrich, and R.B. Mikkelsen Ionizing radiation-induced, mitochondria-dependent generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen Cancer Res 61 2001 3894 3901
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 3894-3901
    • Leach, J.K.1    Van Tuyle, G.2    Lin, P.S.3    Schmidt-Ullrich, R.4    Mikkelsen, R.B.5
  • 96
    • 21444438990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: The women's health study: A randomized controlled trial
    • I. Lee, N.R. Cook, J. Gaziano, and et al. Vitamin e in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: The women's health study: A randomized controlled trial JAMA 294 2005 56 65
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 56-65
    • Lee, I.1    Cook, N.R.2    Gaziano, J.3
  • 97
    • 77958601200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-ordinated autophagy with resveratrol and gamma-tocotrienol confers synergetic cardioprotection
    • I. Lekli, D. Ray, S. Mukherjee, N. Gurusamy, M.K. Ahsan, B. Juhasz, and et al. Co-ordinated autophagy with resveratrol and gamma-tocotrienol confers synergetic cardioprotection J Cell Mol Med 14 2010 2506 2518
    • (2010) J Cell Mol Med , vol.14 , pp. 2506-2518
    • Lekli, I.1    Ray, D.2    Mukherjee, S.3    Gurusamy, N.4    Ahsan, M.K.5    Juhasz, B.6
  • 98
    • 14644404970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies in humans using deuterium-labeled α- And γ-tocopherols demonstrate faster plasma γ-tocopherol disappearance and greater γ-metabolite production
    • S.W. Leonard, E. Paterson, J.K. Atkinson, R. Ramakrishnan, C.E. Cross, and M.G. Traber Studies in humans using deuterium-labeled α- and γ-tocopherols demonstrate faster plasma γ-tocopherol disappearance and greater γ-metabolite production Free Radic Biol Med 38 2005 857 866
    • (2005) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.38 , pp. 857-866
    • Leonard, S.W.1    Paterson, E.2    Atkinson, J.K.3    Ramakrishnan, R.4    Cross, C.E.5    Traber, M.G.6
  • 99
    • 84891810677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delta-tocotrienol protects mice from radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury
    • X.H. Li, S.P. Ghosh, C.T. Ha, D. Fu, T.B. Elliott, D.L. Bolduc, and et al. Delta-tocotrienol protects mice from radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury Radiat Res 180 2013 649 657
    • (2013) Radiat Res , vol.180 , pp. 649-657
    • Li, X.H.1    Ghosh, S.P.2    Ha, C.T.3    Fu, D.4    Elliott, T.B.5    Bolduc, D.L.6
  • 100
    • 84862783272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of tocopherols are independent of Nrf2 in mice
    • G. Li, M.-J. Lee, A.B. Liu, Z. Yang, Y. Lin, W.J. Shih, and et al. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of tocopherols are independent of Nrf2 in mice Free Radic Biol Med 52 2012 1151 1158
    • (2012) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.52 , pp. 1151-1158
    • Li, G.1    Lee, M.-J.2    Liu, A.B.3    Yang, Z.4    Lin, Y.5    Shih, W.J.6
  • 101
    • 77954312575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienol enriched palm oil prevents atherosclerosis through modulating the activities of peroxisome proliferators-Activated receptors
    • F. Li, W. Tan, Z. Kang, and C.W. Wong Tocotrienol enriched palm oil prevents atherosclerosis through modulating the activities of peroxisome proliferators-Activated receptors Atherosclerosis 211 2010 278 282
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.211 , pp. 278-282
    • Li, F.1    Tan, W.2    Kang, Z.3    Wong, C.W.4
  • 102
    • 0035113436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α- and γ-tocotrienols are metabolized to carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman derivatives and excreted in human urine
    • J. Lodge, J. Ridlington, S. Leonard, H. Vaule, and M. Traber α- and γ-tocotrienols are metabolized to carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman derivatives and excreted in human urine Lipids 36 2001 43 48
    • (2001) Lipids , vol.36 , pp. 43-48
    • Lodge, J.1    Ridlington, J.2    Leonard, S.3    Vaule, H.4    Traber, M.5
  • 103
    • 20044383911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term Vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: A randomized controlled trial
    • E. Lonn, J. Bosch, S. Yusuf, P. Sheridan, J. Pogue, J.M.O. Arnold, and et al. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: A randomized controlled trial JAMA 293 2005 1338 1347
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 1338-1347
    • Lonn, E.1    Bosch, J.2    Yusuf, S.3    Sheridan, P.4    Pogue, J.5    Arnold, J.M.O.6
  • 104
    • 82255162905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palm oil tocotrienol rich fraction reduces extracellular matrix production by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1 in human intestinal fibroblasts
    • J. Luna, M.C. Masamunt, J. Llach, S. Delgado, and M. Sans Palm oil tocotrienol rich fraction reduces extracellular matrix production by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β1 in human intestinal fibroblasts Clin Nutr 30 2011 858 864
    • (2011) Clin Nutr , vol.30 , pp. 858-864
    • Luna, J.1    Masamunt, M.C.2    Llach, J.3    Delgado, S.4    Sans, M.5
  • 105
  • 106
    • 84891031898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols for normalisation of hepatic echogenic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver: A randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial
    • E. Magosso, M.A. Ansari, Y. Gopalan, I.L. Shuaib, J.W. Wong, N.A. Khan, and et al. Tocotrienols for normalisation of hepatic echogenic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver: A randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial Nutr J 12 2013 166
    • (2013) Nutr J , vol.12 , pp. 166
    • Magosso, E.1    Ansari, M.A.2    Gopalan, Y.3    Shuaib, I.L.4    Wong, J.W.5    Khan, N.A.6
  • 107
    • 84870415047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation of a gamma-tocopherol-rich mixture of tocopherols in healthy men protects against vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by postprandial hyperglycemia
    • E. Mah, S.K. Noh, K.D. Ballard, H.J. Park, J.S. Volek, and R.S. Bruno Supplementation of a gamma-tocopherol-rich mixture of tocopherols in healthy men protects against vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by postprandial hyperglycemia J Nutr Biochem 24 2013 196 203
    • (2013) J Nutr Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 196-203
    • Mah, E.1    Noh, S.K.2    Ballard, K.D.3    Park, H.J.4    Volek, J.S.5    Bruno, R.S.6
  • 108
    • 45749091674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palm tocotrienol exerted better antioxidant activities in bone than alpha-tocopherol
    • S. Maniam, N. Mohamed, A.N. Shuid, and I.N. Soelaiman Palm tocotrienol exerted better antioxidant activities in bone than alpha-tocopherol Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 103 2008 55 60
    • (2008) Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.103 , pp. 55-60
    • Maniam, S.1    Mohamed, N.2    Shuid, A.N.3    Soelaiman, I.N.4
  • 109
    • 84905229021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E dietary supplementation improves neurological symptoms and decreases c-Abl/p73 activation in Niemann-Pick C mice
    • T. Marin, P. Contreras, J.F. Castro, D. Chamorro, E. Balboa, M. Bosch-Morato, and et al. Vitamin E dietary supplementation improves neurological symptoms and decreases c-Abl/p73 activation in Niemann-Pick C mice Nutrients 6 2014 3000 3017
    • (2014) Nutrients , vol.6 , pp. 3000-3017
    • Marin, T.1    Contreras, P.2    Castro, J.F.3    Chamorro, D.4    Balboa, E.5    Bosch-Morato, M.6
  • 110
    • 84867897915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPI-743 reverses the progression of the pediatric mitochondrial disease - Genetically defined Leigh Syndrome
    • D. Martinelli, M. Catteruccia, F. Piemonte, A. Pastore, G. Tozzi, C. Dionisi-Vici, and et al. EPI-743 reverses the progression of the pediatric mitochondrial disease - genetically defined Leigh Syndrome Mol Genet Metab 107 2012 383 388
    • (2012) Mol Genet Metab , vol.107 , pp. 383-388
    • Martinelli, D.1    Catteruccia, M.2    Piemonte, F.3    Pastore, A.4    Tozzi, G.5    Dionisi-Vici, C.6
  • 113
    • 79953219059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplemental and highly elevated tocopherol doses differentially regulate allergic inflammation: Reversibility of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol's effects
    • C.A. McCary, H. Abdala-Valencia, S. Berdnikovs, and J.M. Cook-Mills Supplemental and highly elevated tocopherol doses differentially regulate allergic inflammation: reversibility of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol's effects J Immunol 186 2011 3674 3685
    • (2011) J Immunol , vol.186 , pp. 3674-3685
    • McCary, C.A.1    Abdala-Valencia, H.2    Berdnikovs, S.3    Cook-Mills, J.M.4
  • 114
    • 77956900893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of Vitamin E isomer supplementation on static and dynamic bone histomorphometry parameters in normal male rats
    • M.Z. Mehat, A.N. Shuid, N. Mohamed, N. Muhammad, and I.N. Soelaiman Beneficial effects of vitamin E isomer supplementation on static and dynamic bone histomorphometry parameters in normal male rats J Bone Miner Metab 28 2010 503 509
    • (2010) J Bone Miner Metab , vol.28 , pp. 503-509
    • Mehat, M.Z.1    Shuid, A.N.2    Mohamed, N.3    Muhammad, N.4    Soelaiman, I.N.5
  • 115
    • 0032932928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Vitamin E concentrate rich in tocotrienols had no effect on serum lipids, lipoproteins, or platelet function in men with mildly elevated serum lipid concentrations
    • R.P. Mensink, A.C. van Houwelingen, D. Kromhout, and G. Hornstra A vitamin E concentrate rich in tocotrienols had no effect on serum lipids, lipoproteins, or platelet function in men with mildly elevated serum lipid concentrations Am J Clin Nutr 69 1999 213 219
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 213-219
    • Mensink, R.P.1    Van Houwelingen, A.C.2    Kromhout, D.3    Hornstra, G.4
  • 116
    • 30344466644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienol inhibits proliferation of human Tenon's fibroblasts in vitro: A comparative study with Vitamin E forms and mitomycin C
    • A. Meyenberg, D. Goldblum, J.-M. Zingg, A. Azzi, K. Nesaretnam, M. Kilchenmann, and et al. Tocotrienol inhibits proliferation of human Tenon's fibroblasts in vitro: A comparative study with vitamin E forms and mitomycin C Ger J Ophthalmol 243 2005 1263 1271
    • (2005) Ger J Ophthalmol , vol.243 , pp. 1263-1271
    • Meyenberg, A.1    Goldblum, D.2    Zingg, J.-M.3    Azzi, A.4    Nesaretnam, K.5    Kilchenmann, M.6
  • 117
    • 0017854687 scopus 로고
    • A model for radiation damage in cells by direct effect and by indirect effect: A radiation chemistry approach
    • H.B. Michaels, and J.W. Hunt A model for radiation damage in cells by direct effect and by indirect effect: A radiation chemistry approach Radiat Res 74 1978 23 34
    • (1978) Radiat Res , vol.74 , pp. 23-34
    • Michaels, H.B.1    Hunt, J.W.2
  • 119
    • 0345598924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of human α-tocopherol transfer protein bound to its ligand: Implications for ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency
    • K.C. Min, R.A. Kovall, and W.A. Hendrickson Crystal structure of human α-tocopherol transfer protein bound to its ligand: implications for ataxia with vitamin E deficiency Proc Natl Acad Sci 100 2003 14713 14718
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.100 , pp. 14713-14718
    • Min, K.C.1    Kovall, R.A.2    Hendrickson, W.A.3
  • 120
    • 0037472341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E isoforms alpha-tocotrienol and gamma-tocopherol prevent cerebral infarction in mice
    • K. Mishima, T. Tanaka, F. Pu, N. Egashira, K. Iwasaki, R. Hidaka, and et al. Vitamin E isoforms alpha-tocotrienol and gamma-tocopherol prevent cerebral infarction in mice Neurosci Lett 337 2003 56 60
    • (2003) Neurosci Lett , vol.337 , pp. 56-60
    • Mishima, K.1    Tanaka, T.2    Pu, F.3    Egashira, N.4    Iwasaki, K.5    Hidaka, R.6
  • 123
  • 125
    • 77952246339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palm oil tocotrienol fractions restore endothelium dependent relaxation in aortic rings of streptozotocin-induced diabetic and spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • S.P. Muharis, A.G.M. Top, D. Murugan, and M.R. Mustafa Palm oil tocotrienol fractions restore endothelium dependent relaxation in aortic rings of streptozotocin-induced diabetic and spontaneously hypertensive rats Nutr Res 30 2010 209 216
    • (2010) Nutr Res , vol.30 , pp. 209-216
    • Muharis, S.P.1    Top, A.G.M.2    Murugan, D.3    Mustafa, M.R.4
  • 126
    • 49349100948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotection with alpha-tocopheryl phosphate: Amelioration of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is linked with its ability to generate a survival signal through Akt activation
    • S. Mukherjee, I. Lekli, M. Das, A. Azzi, and D.K. Das Cardioprotection with alpha-tocopheryl phosphate: Amelioration of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury is linked with its ability to generate a survival signal through Akt activation Biochim Biophys Acta 1782 2008 498 503
    • (2008) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1782 , pp. 498-503
    • Mukherjee, S.1    Lekli, I.2    Das, M.3    Azzi, A.4    Das, D.K.5
  • 127
    • 4243553181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Vitamin E on plasma malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme levels and the rates of wound closures during wound healing in normal and diabetic rats
    • M. Musalmah, A.H. Fairuz, M.T. Gapor, and W.Z. Ngah Effect of vitamin E on plasma malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme levels and the rates of wound closures during wound healing in normal and diabetic rats Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 11 Suppl. 7 2002 S448 S451
    • (2002) Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , vol.11 , pp. S448-S451
    • Musalmah, M.1    Fairuz, A.H.2    Gapor, M.T.3    Ngah, W.Z.4
  • 128
    • 33644699322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of a tocotrienol-rich fraction on experimentally induced atherosclerosis in the aorta of rabbits
    • M.I. Nafeeza, A.G. Norzana, H.L. Jalaluddin, and M.T. Gapor The effects of a tocotrienol-rich fraction on experimentally induced atherosclerosis in the aorta of rabbits Malays J Pathol 23 2001 17 25
    • (2001) Malays J Pathol , vol.23 , pp. 17-25
    • Nafeeza, M.I.1    Norzana, A.G.2    Jalaluddin, H.L.3    Gapor, M.T.4
  • 130
    • 84903434831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The estrogen receptor beta-PI3K/Akt pathway mediates the cytoprotective effects of tocotrienol in a cellular Parkinson's disease model
    • K. Nakaso, N. Tajima, Y. Horikoshi, M. Nakasone, T. Hanaki, K. Kamizaki, and et al. The estrogen receptor beta-PI3K/Akt pathway mediates the cytoprotective effects of tocotrienol in a cellular Parkinson's disease model Biochim Biophys Acta 1842 2014 1303 1312
    • (2014) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1842 , pp. 1303-1312
    • Nakaso, K.1    Tajima, N.2    Horikoshi, Y.3    Nakasone, M.4    Hanaki, T.5    Kamizaki, K.6
  • 131
    • 34047270734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of new combinative antioxidant FeAOX-6 and α-tocotrienol on macrophage atherogenesis-related functions
    • M. Napolitano, L. Avanzi, S. Manfredini, and E. Bravo Effects of new combinative antioxidant FeAOX-6 and α-tocotrienol on macrophage atherogenesis-related functions Vasc Pharmacol 46 2007 394 405
    • (2007) Vasc Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 394-405
    • Napolitano, M.1    Avanzi, L.2    Manfredini, S.3    Bravo, E.4
  • 132
    • 34447099395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of Vitamin E
    • T. Netscher Synthesis of vitamin E Vitam Horm 76 2007 155 202
    • (2007) Vitam Horm , vol.76 , pp. 155-202
    • Netscher, T.1
  • 133
    • 84885830507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E secretion by Caco-2 monolayers to APOA1, but not to HDL, is vitamer selective
    • N. Nicod, and R.S. Parker Vitamin E secretion by Caco-2 monolayers to APOA1, but not to HDL, is vitamer selective J Nutr 143 2013 1565 1572
    • (2013) J Nutr , vol.143 , pp. 1565-1572
    • Nicod, N.1    Parker, R.S.2
  • 134
    • 0034076417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical exercise-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase-1 in human leukocytes: Effects of rrr-α-tocopherol supplementation
    • A.M. Niess, M. Sommer, M. Schneider, C. Angres, K. Tschositsch, I.C. Golly, and et al. Physical exercise-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase-1 in human leukocytes: effects of rrr-α-tocopherol supplementation Antioxid Redox Signal 2 2000 113 126
    • (2000) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.2 , pp. 113-126
    • Niess, A.M.1    Sommer, M.2    Schneider, M.3    Angres, C.4    Tschositsch, K.5    Golly, I.C.6
  • 135
    • 84858392124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low dose of tocotrienols protects osteoblasts against oxidative stress
    • A.M. Nizar, A.S. Nazrun, M. Norazlina, M. Norliza, and S. Ima Nirwana Low dose of tocotrienols protects osteoblasts against oxidative stress Clin Ter 162 2011 533 538
    • (2011) Clin ter , vol.162 , pp. 533-538
    • Nizar, A.M.1    Nazrun, A.S.2    Norazlina, M.3    Norliza, M.4    Ima Nirwana, S.5
  • 136
    • 77956846760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E reversed nicotine-induced toxic effects on bone biochemical markers in male rats
    • M. Norazlina, H. Hermizi, O. Faizah, A.S. Nazrun, M. Norliza, and S. Ima-Nirwana Vitamin E reversed nicotine-induced toxic effects on bone biochemical markers in male rats Arch Med Sci 6 2010 505 512
    • (2010) Arch Med Sci , vol.6 , pp. 505-512
    • Norazlina, M.1    Hermizi, H.2    Faizah, O.3    Nazrun, A.S.4    Norliza, M.5    Ima-Nirwana, S.6
  • 137
    • 0033924636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palm Vitamin E is comparable to alpha-tocopherol in maintaining bone mineral density in ovariectomised female rats
    • M. Norazlina, S. Ima-Nirwana, M.T. Gapor, and B.A. Khalid Palm vitamin E is comparable to alpha-tocopherol in maintaining bone mineral density in ovariectomised female rats Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 108 2000 305 310
    • (2000) Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes , vol.108 , pp. 305-310
    • Norazlina, M.1    Ima-Nirwana, S.2    Gapor, M.T.3    Khalid, B.A.4
  • 138
    • 33947493675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Vitamin E supplementation on bone metabolism in nicotine-treated rats
    • M. Norazlina, P.L. Lee, H.I. Lukman, A.S. Nazrun, and S. Ima-Nirwana Effects of vitamin E supplementation on bone metabolism in nicotine-treated rats Singap Med J 48 2007 195 199
    • (2007) Singap Med J , vol.48 , pp. 195-199
    • Norazlina, M.1    Lee, P.L.2    Lukman, H.I.3    Nazrun, A.S.4    Ima-Nirwana, S.5
  • 139
    • 0034333131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of LDL oxidation following α-, γ-, or δ-tocotrienyl acetate supplementation of hypercholesterolemic humans
    • D. O'Byrne, S. Grundy, L. Packer, S. Devaraj, K. Baldenius, P.P. Hoppe, and et al. Studies of LDL oxidation following α-, γ-, or δ-tocotrienyl acetate supplementation of hypercholesterolemic humans Free Radic Biol Med 29 2000 834 845
    • (2000) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.29 , pp. 834-845
    • O'Byrne, D.1    Grundy, S.2    Packer, L.3    Devaraj, S.4    Baldenius, K.5    Hoppe, P.P.6
  • 140
    • 30144443151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E-coated filter decreases levels of free 4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal during haemodialysis sessions
    • P. Odetti, N. Traverso, F. Monacelli, S. Menini, J. Vazzana, B. Tasso, and et al. Vitamin E-coated filter decreases levels of free 4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal during haemodialysis sessions Free Radic Res 40 2006 207 212
    • (2006) Free Radic Res , vol.40 , pp. 207-212
    • Odetti, P.1    Traverso, N.2    Monacelli, F.3    Menini, S.4    Vazzana, J.5    Tasso, B.6
  • 141
    • 77649243226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E neuroprotection for cisplatin neuropathy: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • A. Pace, D. Giannarelli, E. Galie, A. Savarese, S. Carpano, M. Della Giulia, and et al. Vitamin E neuroprotection for cisplatin neuropathy: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial Neurology 74 2010 762 766
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.74 , pp. 762-766
    • Pace, A.1    Giannarelli, D.2    Galie, E.3    Savarese, A.4    Carpano, S.5    Della Giulia, M.6
  • 142
    • 0035146985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular aspects of α-tocotrienol antioxidant action and cell signalling
    • L. Packer, S.U. Weber, and G. Rimbach Molecular aspects of α-tocotrienol antioxidant action and cell signalling J Nutr 131 2001 369S 373S
    • (2001) J Nutr , vol.131 , pp. 369S-373S
    • Packer, L.1    Weber, S.U.2    Rimbach, G.3
  • 143
    • 33745962225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative antioxidant activity of tocotrienols and the novel chromanyl-polyisoprenyl molecule FeAox-6 in isolated membranes and intact cells
    • P. Palozza, S. Verdecchia, L. Avanzi, S. Vertuani, S. Serini, A. Iannone, and et al. Comparative antioxidant activity of tocotrienols and the novel chromanyl-polyisoprenyl molecule FeAox-6 in isolated membranes and intact cells Mol Cell Biochem 287 2006 21 32
    • (2006) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.287 , pp. 21-32
    • Palozza, P.1    Verdecchia, S.2    Avanzi, L.3    Vertuani, S.4    Serini, S.5    Iannone, A.6
  • 144
    • 0037677449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normal phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols in cereals
    • G. Panfili, A. Fratianni, and M. Irano Normal phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols in cereals J Agric Food Chem 51 2003 3940 3944
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 3940-3944
    • Panfili, G.1    Fratianni, A.2    Irano, M.3
  • 145
    • 84877698744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel oral nutraceutical formula of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with vitamins (PLP10) in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial
    • M.C. Pantzaris, G.N. Loukaides, E.E. Ntzani, and I.S. Patrikios A novel oral nutraceutical formula of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with vitamins (PLP10) in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial BMJ Open 3 2013 e002170
    • (2013) BMJ Open , vol.3
    • Pantzaris, M.C.1    Loukaides, G.N.2    Ntzani, E.E.3    Patrikios, I.S.4
  • 146
    • 79961209314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural Vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol protects against ischemic stroke by induction of multidrug resistance-Associated protein 1
    • H.A. Park, N. Kubicki, S. Gnyawali, Y.C. Chan, S. Roy, S. Khanna, and et al. Natural vitamin E alpha-tocotrienol protects against ischemic stroke by induction of multidrug resistance-Associated protein 1 Stroke 42 2011 2308 2314
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , pp. 2308-2314
    • Park, H.A.1    Kubicki, N.2    Gnyawali, S.3    Chan, Y.C.4    Roy, S.5    Khanna, S.6
  • 147
    • 0027288196 scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols regulate cholesterol production in mammalian cells by post-transcriptional suppression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase
    • R.A. Parker, B.C. Pearce, R.W. Clark, D.A. Gordon, and J.J. Wright Tocotrienols regulate cholesterol production in mammalian cells by post-transcriptional suppression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase J Biol Chem 268 1993 11230 11238
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 11230-11238
    • Parker, R.A.1    Pearce, B.C.2    Clark, R.W.3    Gordon, D.A.4    Wright, J.J.5
  • 148
    • 79955124023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A regenerative antioxidant protocol of Vitamin E and alpha-lipoic acid ameliorates cardiovascular and metabolic changes in fructose-fed rats
    • J. Patel, N.A. Matnor, A. Iyer, and L. Brown A regenerative antioxidant protocol of vitamin E and alpha-lipoic acid ameliorates cardiovascular and metabolic changes in fructose-fed rats Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011 2011 120801
    • (2011) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2011 , pp. 120801
    • Patel, J.1    Matnor, N.A.2    Iyer, A.3    Brown, L.4
  • 149
    • 84866551126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of α-tocopherol against oxidative stress related to nephrotoxicity by monosodium glutamate in rats
    • M.V.S. Paul, M. Abhilash, M.V. Varghese, M. Alex, and R. Harikumaran Nair Protective effects of α-tocopherol against oxidative stress related to nephrotoxicity by monosodium glutamate in rats Toxicol Mech Methods 22 2012 625 630
    • (2012) Toxicol Mech Methods , vol.22 , pp. 625-630
    • Paul, M.V.S.1    Abhilash, M.2    Varghese, M.V.3    Alex, M.4    Harikumaran Nair, R.5
  • 151
    • 84936768816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol downregulates house dust mite-induced asthma
    • H.Y. Peh, W.E. Ho, C. Cheng, T.K. Chan, A.C.G. Seow, A.Y. Lim, and et al. Vitamin E isoform γ-tocotrienol downregulates house dust mite-induced asthma J Immunol 195 2015 437 444
    • (2015) J Immunol , vol.195 , pp. 437-444
    • Peh, H.Y.1    Ho, W.E.2    Cheng, C.3    Chan, T.K.4    Seow, A.C.G.5    Lim, A.Y.6
  • 152
    • 0020837974 scopus 로고
    • The biosynthesis of chloroplastidic terpenoid quinones and chromanols
    • J. Pennock The biosynthesis of chloroplastidic terpenoid quinones and chromanols Biochem Soc Trans 11 1983 504 510
    • (1983) Biochem Soc Trans , vol.11 , pp. 504-510
    • Pennock, J.1
  • 153
    • 0023022871 scopus 로고
    • The structure of an inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis isolated from barley
    • A.A. Qureshi, W.C. Burger, D.M. Peterson, and C.E. Elson The structure of an inhibitor of cholesterol biosynthesis isolated from barley J Biol Chem 261 1986 10544 10550
    • (1986) J Biol Chem , vol.261 , pp. 10544-10550
    • Qureshi, A.A.1    Burger, W.C.2    Peterson, D.M.3    Elson, C.E.4
  • 154
    • 79953885203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols-induced inhibition of platelet thrombus formation and platelet aggregation in stenosed canine coronary arteries
    • A.A. Qureshi, C.W. Karpen, N. Qureshi, C.J. Papasian, D.C. Morrison, and J.D. Folts Tocotrienols-induced inhibition of platelet thrombus formation and platelet aggregation in stenosed canine coronary arteries Lipids Health Dis 10 2011 58
    • (2011) Lipids Health Dis , vol.10 , pp. 58
    • Qureshi, A.A.1    Karpen, C.W.2    Qureshi, N.3    Papasian, C.J.4    Morrison, D.C.5    Folts, J.D.6
  • 155
    • 0030064856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary α-tocopherol attenuates the impact of γ-tocotrienol on hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity in chickens
    • A.A. Qureshi, B.C. Pearce, R.M. Nor, A. Gapor, D.M. Peterson, and C.E. Elson Dietary α-tocopherol attenuates the impact of γ-tocotrienol on hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity in chickens J Nutr 126 1996 389 394
    • (1996) J Nutr , vol.126 , pp. 389-394
    • Qureshi, A.A.1    Pearce, B.C.2    Nor, R.M.3    Gapor, A.4    Peterson, D.M.5    Elson, C.E.6
  • 156
    • 0025804415 scopus 로고
    • Lowering of serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic humans by tocotrienols (palmvitee)
    • A.A. Qureshi, N. Qureshi, J.J. Wright, Z. Shen, G. Kramer, A. Gapor, and et al. Lowering of serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic humans by tocotrienols (palmvitee) Am J Clin Nutr 53 1991 1021S 1026S
    • (1991) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.53 , pp. 1021S-1026S
    • Qureshi, A.A.1    Qureshi, N.2    Wright, J.J.3    Shen, Z.4    Kramer, G.5    Gapor, A.6
  • 157
    • 78650106544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages of female mice
    • A. Qureshi, J. Reis, C. Papasian, D. Morrison, and N. Qureshi Tocotrienols inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages of female mice Lipids Health Dis 9 2010 1 15
    • (2010) Lipids Health Dis , vol.9 , pp. 1-15
    • Qureshi, A.1    Reis, J.2    Papasian, C.3    Morrison, D.4    Qureshi, N.5
  • 158
    • 0036188413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent suppression of serum cholesterol by tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF25) of rice bran in hypercholesterolemic humans
    • A.A. Qureshi, S.A. Sami, W.A. Salser, and F.A. Khan Dose-dependent suppression of serum cholesterol by tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF25) of rice bran in hypercholesterolemic humans Atherosclerosis 161 2002 199 207
    • (2002) Atherosclerosis , vol.161 , pp. 199-207
    • Qureshi, A.A.1    Sami, S.A.2    Salser, W.A.3    Khan, F.A.4
  • 159
    • 1942535173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious adverse effects of amifostine during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients
    • D. Rades, F. Fehlauer, A. Bajrovic, B. Mahlmann, E. Richter, and W. Alberti Serious adverse effects of amifostine during radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients Radiother Oncol 70 2004 261 264
    • (2004) Radiother Oncol , vol.70 , pp. 261-264
    • Rades, D.1    Fehlauer, F.2    Bajrovic, A.3    Mahlmann, B.4    Richter, E.5    Alberti, W.6
  • 160
    • 84896850408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of γ-tocotrienol in counteracting oxidative stress and joint damage in collageninduced arthritis in rats
    • Radhakrishnan, Tudawe, Chakravarthi, Chiew, and Haleagrahara Effect of γ-tocotrienol in counteracting oxidative stress and joint damage in collageninduced arthritis in rats Exp Theor Med 7 2014 1408 1414
    • (2014) Exp Theor Med , vol.7 , pp. 1408-1414
    • Radhakrishnan1    Tudawe2    Chakravarthi3    Chiew4    Haleagrahara5
  • 161
    • 0029985716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leigh syndrome: Clinical features and biochemical and DNA abnormalities
    • S. Rahman, R.B. Blok, H.H.M. Dahl, D.M. Danks, D.M. Kirby, C.W. Chow, and et al. Leigh syndrome: clinical features and biochemical and DNA abnormalities Ann Neurol 39 1996 343 351
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.39 , pp. 343-351
    • Rahman, S.1    Blok, R.B.2    Dahl, H.H.M.3    Danks, D.M.4    Kirby, D.M.5    Chow, C.W.6
  • 162
    • 84919449590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols have a nephroprotective action against lipid-induced chronic renal dysfunction in rats
    • M. Rashid Khan, H. Ahsan, S. Siddiqui, and W.A. Siddiqui Tocotrienols have a nephroprotective action against lipid-induced chronic renal dysfunction in rats Ren Fail 37 2015 136 143
    • (2015) Ren Fail , vol.37 , pp. 136-143
    • Rashid Khan, M.1    Ahsan, H.2    Siddiqui, S.3    Siddiqui, W.A.4
  • 163
    • 84930173939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoprotective effect of tocotrienol-rich fraction and alpha-tocopherol Vitamin E isoforms against glutamate-induced cell death in neuronal cells
    • T. Rati Selvaraju, H. Khaza'ai, S. Vidyadaran, M. Sokhini Abd Mutalib, V. Ramachandran, and Y. Hamdan Cytoprotective effect of tocotrienol-rich fraction and alpha-tocopherol vitamin E isoforms against glutamate-induced cell death in neuronal cells Int J Vitam Nutr Res 84 2014 140 151
    • (2014) Int J Vitam Nutr Res , vol.84 , pp. 140-151
    • Rati Selvaraju, T.1    Khaza'Ai, H.2    Vidyadaran, S.3    Sokhini Abd Mutalib, M.4    Ramachandran, V.5    Hamdan, Y.6
  • 164
    • 0035147367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced levels of rat lens antioxidant vitamins upon in vitro UVB irradiation
    • G.B. Reddy, S. Nayak, P.Y. Reddy, and K.S. Bhat Reduced levels of rat lens antioxidant vitamins upon in vitro UVB irradiation J Nutr Biochem 12 2001 121 124
    • (2001) J Nutr Biochem , vol.12 , pp. 121-124
    • Reddy, G.B.1    Nayak, S.2    Reddy, P.Y.3    Bhat, K.S.4
  • 166
    • 38449092034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of citrus flavonoids and tocotrienols on serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects
    • J.M. Roza, Z. Xian-Liu, and N. Guthrie Effect of citrus flavonoids and tocotrienols on serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects Altern Ther Health Med 13 2007 44 48
    • (2007) Altern Ther Health Med , vol.13 , pp. 44-48
    • Roza, J.M.1    Xian-Liu, Z.2    Guthrie, N.3
  • 167
    • 84858599179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFfect of epi-743 on the clinical course of the mitochondrial disease leber hereditary optic neuropathy
    • A.A. Sadun, C. Chicani, F.N. Ross-Cisneros, and et al. EFfect of epi-743 on the clinical course of the mitochondrial disease leber hereditary optic neuropathy Arch Neurol 69 2012 331 338
    • (2012) Arch Neurol , vol.69 , pp. 331-338
    • Sadun, A.A.1    Chicani, C.2    Ross-Cisneros, F.N.3
  • 169
    • 79957593159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematopoietic recovery and amelioration of radiation-induced lethality by the Vitamin E isoform δ-tocotrienol
    • M.M. Satyamitra, S. Kulkarni, S.P. Ghosh, C.P. Mullaney, D. Condliffe, and V. Srinivasan Hematopoietic recovery and amelioration of radiation-induced lethality by the vitamin E isoform δ-tocotrienol Radiat Res 175 2011 736 745
    • (2011) Radiat Res , vol.175 , pp. 736-745
    • Satyamitra, M.M.1    Kulkarni, S.2    Ghosh, S.P.3    Mullaney, C.P.4    Condliffe, D.5    Srinivasan, V.6
  • 170
    • 84916887817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction and alpha tocopherol against glutamate injury in astrocytes
    • T.R. Selvaraju, H. Khaza'ai, S. Vidyadaran, M.S. Abd Mutalib, and R. Vasudevan The neuroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction and alpha tocopherol against glutamate injury in astrocytes Bosn J Basic Med Sci 14 2014 195 204
    • (2014) Bosn J Basic Med Sci , vol.14 , pp. 195-204
    • Selvaraju, T.R.1    Khaza'Ai, H.2    Vidyadaran, S.3    Abd Mutalib, M.S.4    Vasudevan, R.5
  • 171
    • 34347390404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols: The emerging face of natural Vitamin E
    • C.K. Sen, S. Khanna, C. Rink, and S. Roy Tocotrienols: The emerging face of natural vitamin E Vitam Horm 76 2007 203 261
    • (2007) Vitam Horm , vol.76 , pp. 203-261
    • Sen, C.K.1    Khanna, S.2    Rink, C.3    Roy, S.4
  • 172
    • 0034724679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of Vitamin E action. Tocotrienol potently inhibits glutamate-induced pp 60(c-Src) kinase activation and death of HT4 neuronal cells
    • C.K. Sen, S. Khanna, S. Roy, and L. Packer Molecular basis of vitamin E action. Tocotrienol potently inhibits glutamate-induced pp 60(c-Src) kinase activation and death of HT4 neuronal cells J Biol Chem 275 2000 13049 13055
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 13049-13055
    • Sen, C.K.1    Khanna, S.2    Roy, S.3    Packer, L.4
  • 173
    • 0025761230 scopus 로고
    • Free radical recycling and intramembrane mobility in the antioxidant properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol
    • E. Serbinova, V. Kagan, D. Han, and L. Packer Free radical recycling and intramembrane mobility in the antioxidant properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol Free Radic Biol Med 10 1991 263 275
    • (1991) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.10 , pp. 263-275
    • Serbinova, E.1    Kagan, V.2    Han, D.3    Packer, L.4
  • 174
    • 84878442002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasoprotective effect of Vitamin E: Rescue of ethanol-induced atherosclerosis and inflammatory stress in rat vascular wall
    • A. Shirpoor, L. Norouzi, M.H. Khadem Ansari, B. Ilkhanizadeh, and R. Gharaaghaji Vasoprotective effect of vitamin E: rescue of ethanol-induced atherosclerosis and inflammatory stress in rat vascular wall Int Immunopharmacol 16 2013 498 504
    • (2013) Int Immunopharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 498-504
    • Shirpoor, A.1    Norouzi, L.2    Khadem Ansari, M.H.3    Ilkhanizadeh, B.4    Gharaaghaji, R.5
  • 175
    • 84888200905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of tocotrienols against lipid-induced nephropathy in experimental type-2 diabetic rats by modulation in TGF-β expression
    • S. Siddiqui, H. Ahsan, M.R. Khan, and W.A. Siddiqui Protective effects of tocotrienols against lipid-induced nephropathy in experimental type-2 diabetic rats by modulation in TGF-β expression Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 273 2013 314 324
    • (2013) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.273 , pp. 314-324
    • Siddiqui, S.1    Ahsan, H.2    Khan, M.R.3    Siddiqui, W.A.4
  • 176
    • 78149468012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil and rice bran oil against hyperglycemia induced nephropathy in type 1 diabetic rats
    • S. Siddiqui, M. Rashid Khan, and W.A. Siddiqui Comparative hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil and rice bran oil against hyperglycemia induced nephropathy in type 1 diabetic rats Chem Biol Interact 188 2010 651 658
    • (2010) Chem Biol Interact , vol.188 , pp. 651-658
    • Siddiqui, S.1    Rashid Khan, M.2    Siddiqui, W.A.3
  • 178
    • 84874824520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radioprotective properties of tocopherol succinate against ionizing radiation in mice
    • V.K. Singh, P.K. Singh, S.Y. Wise, A. Posarac, and O.O. Fatanmi Radioprotective properties of tocopherol succinate against ionizing radiation in mice J Radiat Res 54 2013 210 220
    • (2013) J Radiat Res , vol.54 , pp. 210-220
    • Singh, V.K.1    Singh, P.K.2    Wise, S.Y.3    Posarac, A.4    Fatanmi, O.O.5
  • 179
    • 80053332647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radioprotective efficacy of tocopherol succinate is mediated through granulocyte-colony stimulating factor
    • P.K. Singh, S.Y. Wise, E.J. Ducey, D.S. Brown, and V.K. Singh Radioprotective efficacy of tocopherol succinate is mediated through granulocyte-colony stimulating factor Cytokine 56 2011 411 421
    • (2011) Cytokine , vol.56 , pp. 411-421
    • Singh, P.K.1    Wise, S.Y.2    Ducey, E.J.3    Brown, D.S.4    Singh, V.K.5
  • 180
  • 181
    • 84894489825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radioprotective efficacy of delta-tocotrienol, a Vitamin E isoform, is mediated through granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
    • V.K. Singh, S.Y. Wise, J.R. Scott, P.L.P. Romaine, V.L. Newman, and O.O. Fatanmi Radioprotective efficacy of delta-tocotrienol, a vitamin E isoform, is mediated through granulocyte colony-stimulating factor Life Sci 98 2014 113 122
    • (2014) Life Sci , vol.98 , pp. 113-122
    • Singh, V.K.1    Wise, S.Y.2    Scott, J.R.3    Romaine, P.L.P.4    Newman, V.L.5    Fatanmi, O.O.6
  • 183
    • 0037067711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 ω-hydroxylase pathway of tocopherol catabolism: Novel mechanism of regulation of Vitamin E status
    • T.J. Sontag, and R.S. Parker Cytochrome P450 ω-hydroxylase pathway of tocopherol catabolism: novel mechanism of regulation of vitamin E status J Biol Chem 277 2002 25290 25296
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 25290-25296
    • Sontag, T.J.1    Parker, R.S.2
  • 184
    • 84883405523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma tocotrienol, a potent radioprotector, preferentially upregulates expression of anti-Apoptotic genes to promote intestinal cell survival
    • S. Suman, K. Datta, K. Chakraborty, S.S. Kulkarni, K. Doiron, A.J. Fornace Jr., and et al. Gamma tocotrienol, a potent radioprotector, preferentially upregulates expression of anti-Apoptotic genes to promote intestinal cell survival Food Chem Toxicol 60 2013 488 496
    • (2013) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.60 , pp. 488-496
    • Suman, S.1    Datta, K.2    Chakraborty, K.3    Kulkarni, S.S.4    Doiron, K.5    Fornace, A.J.6
  • 185
    • 0027525498 scopus 로고
    • Structural and dynamic membrane properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol: Implication to the molecular mechanism of their antioxidant potency
    • Y.J. Suzuki, M. Tsuchiya, S.R. Wassall, Y.M. Choo, G. Govil, V.E. Kagan, and et al. Structural and dynamic membrane properties of alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol: implication to the molecular mechanism of their antioxidant potency Biochemistry 32 1993 10692 10699
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , pp. 10692-10699
    • Suzuki, Y.J.1    Tsuchiya, M.2    Wassall, S.R.3    Choo, Y.M.4    Govil, G.5    Kagan, V.E.6
  • 186
    • 4544380773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of tocopherols and tocotrienols to rat ocular tissues after topical ophthalmic administration
    • M. Tanito, N. Itoh, Y. Yoshida, M. Hayakawa, A. Ohira, and E. Niki Distribution of tocopherols and tocotrienols to rat ocular tissues after topical ophthalmic administration Lipids 39 2004 469 474
    • (2004) Lipids , vol.39 , pp. 469-474
    • Tanito, M.1    Itoh, N.2    Yoshida, Y.3    Hayakawa, M.4    Ohira, A.5    Niki, E.6
  • 187
    • 0033859717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Vitamin E-bonded membrane on the 8-hydroxy 2[prime]-deoxyguanosine level in leukocyte DNA of hemodialysis patients
    • D.-C. Tarng, T.-P. Huang, T.-Y. Liu, H.-W. Chen, Y.-J. Sung, and Y.-H. Wei Effect of vitamin E-bonded membrane on the 8-hydroxy 2[prime]-deoxyguanosine level in leukocyte DNA of hemodialysis patients Kidney Int 58 2000 790 799
    • (2000) Kidney Int , vol.58 , pp. 790-799
    • Tarng, D.-C.1    Huang, T.-P.2    Liu, T.-Y.3    Chen, H.-W.4    Sung, Y.-J.5    Wei, Y.-H.6
  • 188
    • 49849083819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of characteristic hepatocyte proliferative lesion with dietary exposure of Wistar Hannover rats to tocotrienol for 1 year
    • M. Tasaki, T. Umemura, T. Inoue, T. Okamura, Y. Kuroiwa, Y. Ishii, and et al. Induction of characteristic hepatocyte proliferative lesion with dietary exposure of Wistar Hannover rats to tocotrienol for 1 year Toxicology 250 2008 143 150
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.250 , pp. 143-150
    • Tasaki, M.1    Umemura, T.2    Inoue, T.3    Okamura, T.4    Kuroiwa, Y.5    Ishii, Y.6
  • 189
    • 0028576004 scopus 로고
    • Protection by tocotrienols against hypercholesterolaemia and atheroma
    • M.K. Teoh, J.M. Chong, J. Mohamed, and K.S. Phang Protection by tocotrienols against hypercholesterolaemia and atheroma Med J Malaysia 49 1994 255 262
    • (1994) Med J Malaysia , vol.49 , pp. 255-262
    • Teoh, M.K.1    Chong, J.M.2    Mohamed, J.3    Phang, K.S.4
  • 191
    • 38449087052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E regulatory mechanisms
    • M.G. Traber Vitamin E regulatory mechanisms Annu Rev Nutr 27 2007 347 362
    • (2007) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.27 , pp. 347-362
    • Traber, M.G.1
  • 192
    • 0032778334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of Vitamin E transport
    • M.G. Traber, and H. Arai Molecular mechanisms of vitamin E transport Annu Rev Nutr 19 1999 343 355
    • (1999) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.19 , pp. 343-355
    • Traber, M.G.1    Arai, H.2
  • 193
    • 84885047915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienol (unsaturated Vitamin E) suppresses degranulation of mast cells and reduces allergic dermatitis in mice
    • T. Tsuduki, K. Kuriyama, K. Nakagawa, and T. Miyazawa Tocotrienol (unsaturated vitamin E) suppresses degranulation of mast cells and reduces allergic dermatitis in mice J Oleo Sci 62 2013 825 834
    • (2013) J Oleo Sci , vol.62 , pp. 825-834
    • Tsuduki, T.1    Kuriyama, K.2    Nakagawa, K.3    Miyazawa, T.4
  • 194
    • 34547569077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal epithelial cells absorb γ-tocotrienol faster than α-tocopherol
    • W. Tsuzuki, R. Yunoki, and H. Yoshimura Intestinal epithelial cells absorb γ-tocotrienol faster than α-tocopherol Lipids 42 2007 163 170
    • (2007) Lipids , vol.42 , pp. 163-170
    • Tsuzuki, W.1    Yunoki, R.2    Yoshimura, H.3
  • 195
    • 84857049136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution of α- And γ-tocotrienol and γ-tocopherol in rats and interference with their accumulation by α-tocopherol
    • T. Uchida, C. Abe, S. Nomura, T. Ichikawa, and S. Ikeda Tissue distribution of α- and γ-tocotrienol and γ-tocopherol in rats and interference with their accumulation by α-tocopherol Lipids 47 2012 129 139
    • (2012) Lipids , vol.47 , pp. 129-139
    • Uchida, T.1    Abe, C.2    Nomura, S.3    Ichikawa, T.4    Ikeda, S.5
  • 196
    • 0036724779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of erythropoietin and Vitamin E-modified membrane on plasma oxidative stress markers and anemia of hemodialyzed patients
    • M. Usberti, G. Gerardi, G. Bufano, P. Tira, A. Micheli, A. Albertini, and et al. Effects of erythropoietin and vitamin E-modified membrane on plasma oxidative stress markers and anemia of hemodialyzed patients Am J Kidney Dis 40 2002 590 599
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.40 , pp. 590-599
    • Usberti, M.1    Gerardi, G.2    Bufano, G.3    Tira, P.4    Micheli, A.5    Albertini, A.6
  • 197
    • 0027292287 scopus 로고
    • Molecular pharmacology of Vitamin E: Structural aspects of antioxidant activity
    • S.A.B.E. van Acker, L.M.H. Koymans, and A. Bast Molecular pharmacology of vitamin E: structural aspects of antioxidant activity Free Radic Biol Med 15 1993 311 328
    • (1993) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.15 , pp. 311-328
    • Van Acker, S.A.B.E.1    Koymans, L.M.H.2    Bast, A.3
  • 198
    • 79959379733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Vitamin E administration on response to ischaemia-reperfusion of hearts from cold-exposed rats
    • P. Venditti, G. Napolitano, L. Di Stefano, C. Agnisola, and S. Di Meo Effect of vitamin E administration on response to ischaemia-reperfusion of hearts from cold-exposed rats Exp Physiol 96 2011 635 646
    • (2011) Exp Physiol , vol.96 , pp. 635-646
    • Venditti, P.1    Napolitano, G.2    Di Stefano, L.3    Agnisola, C.4    Di Meo, S.5
  • 199
    • 84872407659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-tocopherol induces proatherogenic changes to HDL2 & HDL3: An in vitro and ex vivo investigation
    • L. Wade, N. Nadeem, I.S. Young, J.V. Woodside, A. McGinty, C. McMaster, and et al. Alpha-tocopherol induces proatherogenic changes to HDL2 & HDL3: An in vitro and ex vivo investigation Atherosclerosis 226 2013 392 397
    • (2013) Atherosclerosis , vol.226 , pp. 392-397
    • Wade, L.1    Nadeem, N.2    Young, I.S.3    Woodside, J.V.4    McGinty, A.5    McMaster, C.6
  • 200
    • 38849159869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Tocopherol prevents airway eosinophilia and mucous cell hyperplasia in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis and asthma
    • J.G. Wagner, Q. Jiang, J.R. Harkema, B.N. Ames, B. Illek, R.A. Roubey, and et al. γ-Tocopherol prevents airway eosinophilia and mucous cell hyperplasia in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis and asthma Clin Exp Allergy 38 2008 501 511
    • (2008) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.38 , pp. 501-511
    • Wagner, J.G.1    Jiang, Q.2    Harkema, J.R.3    Ames, B.N.4    Illek, B.5    Roubey, R.A.6
  • 201
    • 0043201194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols-rich diet decreases advanced glycosylation end-products in non-diabetic rats and improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • W.M. Wan Nazaimoon, and B.A. Khalid Tocotrienols-rich diet decreases advanced glycosylation end-products in non-diabetic rats and improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Malays J Pathol 24 2002 77 82
    • (2002) Malays J Pathol , vol.24 , pp. 77-82
    • Wan Nazaimoon, W.M.1    Khalid, B.A.2
  • 202
    • 84878015691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Tocotrienol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interlukin-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by suppressing C/EBPβ and NF-κB in macrophages
    • Y. Wang, and Q. Jiang γ-Tocotrienol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interlukin-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by suppressing C/EBPβ and NF-κB in macrophages J Nutr Biochem 24 2013 1146 1152
    • (2013) J Nutr Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 1146-1152
    • Wang, Y.1    Jiang, Q.2
  • 203
    • 84860883332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E forms inhibit IL-13/STAT6-induced eotaxin-3 secretion by up-regulation of PAR4, an endogenous inhibitor of atypical PKC in human lung epithelial cells
    • Y. Wang, M. Moreland, J.G. Wagner, B.N. Ames, B. Illek, D.B. Peden, and et al. Vitamin E forms inhibit IL-13/STAT6-induced eotaxin-3 secretion by up-regulation of PAR4, an endogenous inhibitor of atypical PKC in human lung epithelial cells J Nutr Biochem 23 2012 602 608
    • (2012) J Nutr Biochem , vol.23 , pp. 602-608
    • Wang, Y.1    Moreland, M.2    Wagner, J.G.3    Ames, B.N.4    Illek, B.5    Peden, D.B.6
  • 204
    • 20244382799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: Recommendations of the strategic national stockpile radiation working group
    • J.K. Waselenko, T.J. MacVittie, W.F. Blakely, N. Pesik, A.L. Wiley, W.E. Dickerson, and et al. Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the strategic national stockpile radiation working group Ann Intern Med 140 2004 1037 1051
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 1037-1051
    • Waselenko, J.K.1    MacVittie, T.J.2    Blakely, W.F.3    Pesik, N.4    Wiley, A.L.5    Dickerson, W.E.6
  • 205
    • 84911427050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural re-Arrangement and peroxidase activation of cytochrome c by anionic analogues of Vitamin E, tocopherol succinate and tocopherol phosphate
    • N. Yanamala, A.A. Kapralov, M. Djukic, J. Peterson, G. Mao, J. Klein-Seetharaman, and et al. Structural re-Arrangement and peroxidase activation of cytochrome c by anionic analogues of vitamin E, tocopherol succinate and tocopherol phosphate J Biol Chem 289 2014 32488 32498
    • (2014) J Biol Chem , vol.289 , pp. 32488-32498
    • Yanamala, N.1    Kapralov, A.A.2    Djukic, M.3    Peterson, J.4    Mao, G.5    Klein-Seetharaman, J.6
  • 206
    • 0037249854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of route of administration on the absorption and disposition of α,- γ- And δ-tocotrienols in rats
    • S.P. Yap, K.H. Yuen, and A.B. Lim Influence of route of administration on the absorption and disposition of α,- γ- and δ-tocotrienols in rats J Pharm Pharmacol 55 2003 53 58
    • (2003) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 53-58
    • Yap, S.P.1    Yuen, K.H.2    Lim, A.B.3
  • 207
    • 0035140716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of α-, γ- And δ-tocotrienols under different food status
    • S.P. Yap, K.H. Yuen, and J.W. Wong Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of α-, γ- and δ-tocotrienols under different food status J Pharm Pharmacol 53 2001 67 71
    • (2001) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.53 , pp. 67-71
    • Yap, S.P.1    Yuen, K.H.2    Wong, J.W.3
  • 208
    • 38149007776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical reactivities and physical effects in comparison between tocopherols and tocotrienols: Physiological significance and prospects as antioxidants
    • Y. Yoshida, Y. Saito, L.S. Jones, and Y. Shigeri Chemical reactivities and physical effects in comparison between tocopherols and tocotrienols: physiological significance and prospects as antioxidants J Biosci Bioeng 104 2007 439 445
    • (2007) J Biosci Bioeng , vol.104 , pp. 439-445
    • Yoshida, Y.1    Saito, Y.2    Jones, L.S.3    Shigeri, Y.4
  • 209
    • 76949096892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tocotrienols: Distribution and sources cereals - Role in human health
    • CRC Press Boca Raton
    • H. Zielinski Tocotrienols: distribution and sources cereals - role in human health Tocotrienols: vitamin E beyond tocopherols Vol. 1 2008 CRC Press Boca Raton 23 42
    • (2008) Tocotrienols: Vitamin E beyond Tocopherols , vol.1 , pp. 23-42
    • Zielinski, H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.