Regulating cysteine protease activity: Essential role of protease inhibitors as guardians and regulators

Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online

Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 283-297

  Turk, Boris ^a   Turk, Dušan ^a   Salvesen, Guy S ^b  

^a JO EF STEFAN INSTITUTE   (Slovenia)

^b BURNHAM INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKYLATING AGENT; CASPASE; CATHEPSIN; CYSTATIN; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE; KININOGEN; LIPOCALIN; PAPAIN; PROTEIN P35; PROTEIN SUBUNIT; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; SERINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; STEFIN;

BACULOVIRUS; COMPLEX FORMATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN FAMILY; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE; REACTION ANALYSIS; REVIEW; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS;

EID: 23944522127     PISSN: 15672700     EISSN: 15672700     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1567203054637524     Document Type: Review

References (220)

1. Barrett, A.J., Rawlings, N.D. and Woessner, J.F. Jr. Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes, Academic Press Ltd., London, 1998.
2. Rawlings, N.D. and Barrett, A.J. Nucl. Acids Res., 2000, 28, 323-325.
3. Turk, V., Turk, B. and Turk, D. EMBO. J., 2001, 20, 4629-4633.
4. McGrath, M. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct., 1999, 28, 181-204.
5. Turk, B., Turk, D. and Turk, V. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2000, 1477, 98-111.
6. Brocklehurst, K. Prot. Engn., 1994, 7, 291-299.
7. Turk, D., Gunčar, G., Podobnik, M. and Turk, B. Biol.Chem., 1998, 379, 137-147.
8. Musil, D., Zučić, D., Turk, D., Engh, R. A., Mayr, I., Huber, R., Popović, T., Turk, V., Towatari, T., Katunuma, N. and Bode, W. EMBO J., 1991, 10, 2321-2330.
9. Gunčar, G., Klemenčič. I., Turk, B., Turk, V., Karaoglanovic-Carmona, A., Juliano, L., Turk, D. Structure, 2000, 8, 305-313.
10. Gunčar, G., Podobnik, M., Pungerčar, J., Štrukelj, B., Turk, V. and Turk, D. Structure, 1998, 6, 51-61.
11. Turk, D., Janjić, V., Štern, I., Podobnik, M., Lamba, D., Dahl, S.W., Lauritzen, C., Pedersen, J., Turk, V. and Turk, B. EMBO J., 2001, 20, 6570-6582.
12. Olsen, J.K., Kadziola, A., Lauritzen, C., Pedersen, J., Larsen, S. and Dahl, S.W. FEBS Lett., 2001, 506, 201-206.
13. Saftig, P., Hunzicker, E., Wehmeyer, O., Jones, S., Boyde, A., Rommerskirch, W., Moritz, J.D., Schu, P., and von Figura, K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1998, 95, 13453-13458.
14. Deussing, J., Roth, W., Saftig, P., Peters, C., Ploegh, H.L. and Villadangos, J.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1998, 95, 4516-4521.
15. Nakagawa, T., Roth, W., Wong, P., Nelson, A., Farr, A., Deussing, J., Villadangos, J.A., Ploegh, H., Peters, C. and Rudensky, A.Y. Science, 1998, 280, 450-453.
16. Shi, G.-P., Villadangos, J.A., Dranoff, G., Small, C., Gu, L., Haley, K.J., Riese, R., Ploegh, H.L. and Chapman, H.A. Immunity, 1999,10, 197-206.
17. Pham, C.T. and Ley, T.Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1999, 96, 8627-32.
18. Nakagawa, T.Y., Brissette, W.H., Lira, P.D., Griffiths, R.J., Petrushova, Stock, J., McNeish, J.D., Eastman, S.E., Howard, E.D., Clarke, S.R.M., Rosloniec, E.F., Elliott, E.A. and Rudensky, A.Y. Immunity, 1999, 10, 207-217.
19. Roth, V., Deussing, J., Botchkarev, V.A., Pauly-Evers, M., Saftig, P., Hafner, A., Schmidt, P., Schmahl, W., Scherer, J., Anton-Lamprecht, I., von Figura, K. and Peters, C. FASEB J., 2000, 14, 2075-2086.
20. Shi, G.-P., Bryant, R.A., Riese, R., Verhelst, S., Driessen, C., Li, Z., Brömme, D., Ploegh, H.L. and Chapman, H.A. J. Exp. Med., 2000, 191, 1177-1186.
21. Brömme, D., Li, Z., Barnes, M. and Mehler, E. Biochemistry, 1999, 38, 2377-2385.
22. Watts, C. Curr. Opin. Immunol., 2001, 13, 26-31.
23. Chapman, H.A., Riese, J.P. and Shi, G.-P. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 1997, 59, 63-88.
24. Kirschke, H., Barrett, A. J. and Rawlings, N. D. In Protein Profile, P. Sheterline, Ed., Academic Press Ltd.: UK, 1995, Vol. 2, pp.1587-1643.
25. Kos, J. and Lah, T.T. Oncol. Rep., 1998, 5, 1349-1361.
26. Turk, V., Kos, J., Gunčar, G. and Turk, B. In Role of proteases in pathophysiology and neurodegnerative diseases, Lajtha, A. and Banik, N., Eds., Kluwer Academic/Plenum: New York, 2001, pp.227-240.
27. Salvesen, G.S. J. Clin. Invest., 2001, 107, 21-22.
28. Leist, M. and Jäättelä, M. Cell Death Diff., 2001, 8, 324-326.
29. Turk, B., Stoka, V., Rozman-Pungerčar, J., Cirman, T., Droga-Mazovec, G., Orešic, K., Turk, V., Biol. Chem., 2002, 383, 1035-1044.
30. Gelb, B.D., Shi, G.-P., Chapman, H.A. and Desnick, R.J. Science, 1996, 273, 1236-1238.
31. Toomes, C., James, J., Wood, A.J., Wu, C.L., McCormick, D., Lench, N., Hewitt, C., Moynihan, L., Roberts, E., Woods, C.G., Markham, A., Wong, M., Widmer, R., Ghaffar, K.A., Pemberton, M., Hussein, I.R., Temtamy, S.A., Davies, R., Read, A.P., Sloan, P, Dixon, M.J. and Thakker N.S. Nat. Genet., 1999, 23, 421-424.
32. Pennacchio, L.A., Lehesjoki, A.E., Stone, N.E., Willour, V.L., Virtaneva, K., Miao, J., D'Amato, E., Ramirez, L., Faham, M., Koskiniemi, M., Warrington, J.A., Norio, R., de la Chapelle, A., Cox, D.R. and Myers, R.M. Science, 1996, 271, 1731-1734.
33. Lalioti, M.D., Scott, H.S., Buresi, C., Rossier, C., Bottani, A., Morris, M.A., Malafosse, A. and Antonarakis, S.E. Nature, 1997, 386, 847-851.
34. Cerretti, D. P., Kozlosky, C. J., Mosley, B., Nelson, N., Van Ness, K., Greenstreet, T. A., March, C. J., Kronheim, S. R., Druck, T., Cannizzaro, L. A., Huebner, K. and Black, R. A. Science, 1992, 256, 97-100.
35. Thornberry, N. A., Bull, H. G., Calaycay, J. R., Chapman, K. T., Howard, A. D., Kostura, M. J., Miller, D. K., Molineaux, S. M., Weidner, J. R., Aunins, J., Elliston, K. O., Ayala, J. M., Casano, F. J., Chin, J., Ding, G. J. F., Egger, L. A., Gaffney, E. P., Limjuco, G., Palyha, O. C., Raju, S. M., Rolando, A. M., Salley, J. P., Yamin, T. T. and Tocci, M. J. Nature, 1992, 356, 768-774.
36. Yuan, J., Shaham, S., Ledoux, S., Ellis, H. M. and Horvitz, H. M. Cell, 1993, 75, 641-652.
37. Alnemri, E. S., Livingston, D. J., Nicholson, D. W., Salvesen, G., Thornberry, N. A., Wong, W. W. and Yuan, J. Cell, 1996, 87, 171.
38. Kuida, K., Lippke, J. A., Ku, G., Harding, M. W., Livingston, D. J., Su, M. S. S. and Flavell, R. A. Science, 1995, 267, 2000-2003.
39. Wang, S., Miura, M., Jung, Y.-K., Zhu, H. and Yuan, J. Cell, 1998,92, 501-509.
40. Kuida, K., Zheng, T. S., Na, S., Kuan, C.-y., Yang, D., Karasuyama, H., Rakic, P. and Flavell, R. A. Nature, 1996, 384, 368-372.
41. Kuida, K., Haydar, T. F., Kuan, C. Y., Gu, Y., Taya, C., Karasuyama, H., Su, M. S., Rakic, P. and Flavell, R. A. Cell, 1998, 94, 325-337.
42. Varfolomeev, E. E., Schuchmann, M., Luria, V., Chiannilkulchai, N., Beckmann, J. S., Mett, I. L., Rebrikov, D., Brodianski, V. M., Kemper, O. C., Kollet, O., Lapidot, T., Soffer, D., Sobe, T., Avraham, K. B., Goncharov, T., Holtmann, H., Lonai, P. and Wallach, D. Immunity, 1998, 9, 267-276.
43. Morita, Y., Maravei, D. V., Bergeron, L., Wang, S., Perez, G. I., Tsutsumi, O., Taketani, Y., Asano, M., Horai, R., Korsmeyer, S. J., Iwakura, Y., Yuan, J. and Tilly, J. L. Cell Death Diff., 2001, 8, 614-620.
44. Eckhart, L., Declercq, W., Ban, J., Rendl, M., Lengauer, B., Mayer, C., Lippens, S., Vandenabeele, P. and Tschachler, E. J. Invest. Dermatol., 2000, 115, 1148-1151.
45. Lippens, S., Kockx, M., Knaapen, M., Mortier, L., Polakowska, R., Verheyen, A., Garmyn, M., Zwijsen, A., Formstecher, P., Huylebroeck, D., Vandenabeele, P. and Declercq, W. Cell Death Diff., 2000, 7, 1218-1224.
46. Walker, N. P. C., Talanian, R. V., Brady, K. D., Dang, L. C., Bump, N. J., Ferenz, C. R., Franklin, S., Ghayur, T., Hackett, M. C., Hammill, L. D., Herzog, L., Hugunin, M., Houy, W., Mankovich, J. A., McGuiness, L., Orlewicz, E., Paskind, M., Pratt, C. A., Reis, P., Summani, A., Terranova, M., Welch, J. P., Xiong, L. and Möller, A. Cell, 1994, 78, 343-352.
47. Wilson, K. P., Black, J. A., Thomson, J. A., Kim, E. E., Griffith, J. P., Navia, M. A., Murcko, M. A., Chambers, S. P., Aldape, R. A., Raybuck, S. A. and Livingston, D. J. Nature, 1994, 370, 270-275
48. Rotonda, J., Nicholson, D. W., Fazil, K. M., Gallant, M., Gareau, Y., Labelle, M., Peterson, E. P., Rasper, D. M., Tuel, R., Vaillancourt, J. P., Thornberry, N. A. and Becher, J. W. Nat. Struct. Biol., 1996, 3, 619-625.
49. Mittl, P. R., Di Marco, S., Krebs, J. F., Bai, X., Karanewsky, D. S., Priestle, J. P., Tomaselli, K. J. and Grutter, M. G. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 6539-6547.
50. Blanchard, H., Kodandapani, L., Mittl, P. R. E., Di Marco, S., Krebs, J. F., Wu, J. C., Tomaselli, K. J. and Grütter, M. G. Structure, 1999, 27, 1125-1133.
51. Watt, W., Koeplinger, K. A., Mildner, A. M., Heinrikson, R. L., Tomasselli, G. and Watenpaugh, K. D. Structure, 1999, 27, 1135-1143.
52. Wei, Y., Fox, T., Chambers, S. P., Sintchak, J., Coll, J. T., Golec, J. M., Swenson, L., Wilson, K. P. and Charifson, P. S. Chem. Biol., 2000, 7, 423-432
53. Renatus, M., Stennicke, H. R., Scott, F. L., Liddington, R. C. and Salvesen, G. S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2001, 98, 14250-14255.
54. Schweizer, A., Briand, C., Grutter, M.G. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 42441-42447.
55. Salvesen, G. S. and Dixit, V. M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1999, 96, 10964-10967.
56. Chai, J., Wu, Q., Shiozaki, E., Srinivasula, S. M., Alnemri, E. S. and Shi, Y. Cell, 2001, 107, 399-407.
57. Riedl, S.J., Fuentes-Prior, P., Renatus, M., Kairies, N., Krapp, S., Huber, R., Salvesen, G.S. and Bode, W., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2001, 98, 14790-14795.
58. Reed, J. C. Curr. Opin. Oncol., 1999, 11, 68-75
59. Nicholson, D. W. Nature, 2000, 407, 810-816
60. Twining, S.S. CRC Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 1994, 29, 315-383.
61. Patston, P. A., Gettins, P., Beecham, J. and Schapira, M. Biochemistry, 1991, 30, 8876-8882.
62. Huntington, J. A., Read, R. J. and Carrell, R. W. Nature, 2000, 407, 923-926.
63. Riedl, S. J., Renatus, M., Snipas, S. J. and Salvesen, G. S. Biochemistry, 2001, 40, 13274-13280.
64. Xu, G., Cirilli, M., Huang, Y., Rich, R. L., Myszka, D. G. and Wu, H. Nature, 2001, 410, 494-497.
65. Morrison, J.F. Trends Biochem. Sci., 1982, 7, 102-105.
66. Morrison, J. F. and Walsh, C. T. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol., 1988, 61, 201-301.
67. Bieth, J.G. Meth. Enzymol., 1995, 248, 59-84.
68. Salvesen, G. and Nagase, H. In Proteolytic enzymes: A practical approach, Beynon, R. J. and Bond, J. S., Eds., IRL Press: Oxford, 1989, pp. 83-104,.
69. Bieth, J. G. Bull. Europ. Physiopath. Resp., 1980, 16, suppl. 183-195.
70. Bieth, J.G. Biochem. Med., 1984, 32, 387-397.
71. Bieth, J. G. In Cysteine Proteases and Their Inhibitors, Turk, V., Ed., Walter de Gruyter: Berlin -New York, 1986, pp. 693-703.
72. Deveraux, Q. L. and Reed, J. C. Genes Dev., 1999, 13, 239-252.
73. Fox, T., de Miguel, E., Mort, J. S. and Storer, A. C. Biochemistry, 1992, 31, 12571-12576.
74. Turk, B., Dolenc, I., Turk, V., Bieth, J.G. Biochemistry, 1993, 32, 375-380.
75. Ogrinc, T., Dolenc, I.. Ritonja, A. and Turk, V. FEBS Lett., 1993, 336, 555-559.
76. Björk, I. and Danielsson, Å. In Protease Inhibitors, Barrett, A.J. and Salvesen, G., Eds., Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1986, pp. 489-513.
77. Turk, B., Dolenc, I., Žerovnik, E., Turk, D., Gubenšek, F., Turk, V. Biochemistry, 1994, 33, 14800-14806.
78. Turk, B., Bieth, J. G., Björk, I., Dolenc, I., Turk, D., Cimerman, N., Kos, J., Čolič, A., Stoka, V. Turk, V. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler, 1995, 376, 225-230.
79. Turk, B., Čolič, A., Stoka, V., Turk, V. FEBS Lett., 1994, 339, 155-159.
80. Turk, B. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae: Veterinaria, 1996, 4, PhD thesis.
81. Turk, B., Turk, V. and Turk, D. Biol. Chem., 1997, 378, 141-150.
82. Rawlings, N. D. and Barrett, A. J. J. Mol. Evol., 1990, 30, 60-71.
83. Barrett, A. J., Rawlings, N. D., Davies, M. E., Machleidt, W., Salvesen, G. and Turk, V. In Protease Inhibitors, Barrett, A.J. and Salvesen, G., Eds., Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1986, pp. 515-569.
84. Turk, V. and Bode, W. FEBS lett., 1991, 285, 213-219.
85. Abrahamson, M. Meth. Enzymol., 1994, 244, 685-700.
86. Brown, W.M. and Dziegielewska, K.M. Protein Sci., 1997, 6, 5-12.
87. Margis, R., Reis, E.M. and Villeret, V. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1998, 359, 24-30.
88. Abrahamson, M., Barrett, A.J., Salvesen, G. and Grubb, A. J. Biol. Chem., 1986, 261, 11282-11289.
89. Turk, B., Križaj, I., Kralj, B., Dolenc, I., Popovič, T., Bieth, J. G., Turk, V. J. Biol. Chem., 1993, 268, 7323-7329.
90. Lenarčič, B., Križaj, I., Žunec, P. and Turk, V. FEBS Lett., 1996, 395, 113-118.
91. Tsui, F.W.L., Tsui, H.W., Mok, S., Mlinarič, I., Copeland, N.G., Gilbert, D.J., Jenkins, N.A. and Siminovitch, K.A. Genomics, 1993, 15, 507-514.
92. Ni, J., Abrahamson, M., Zhang, M., Alvarez Fernandez, M., Grubb, A., Su, J., Lu, G.-L., Li, Y., Parmelee, D., Xing, L., Coleman, T.A., Gentz, S., Thotakura, R., Nguyen, N., Hesselberg, M. and Gentz, R. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 10853-10858.
93. Sotiropoulou, G., Anisowicz, A. and Sager, R. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 903-910.
94. Ni, J., Alvarez Fernandez, M., Danielsson L., Chillakuru, R.A., Zhang, J., Grubb, A., Su, J., Gentz, R. and Abrahamson, M. J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273, 24797-24804.
95. Halfon, S., Ford, J., Foster, J., Dowling, L., Lucian, L., Sterling, M., Xu, Y., Weiss, M., Ikeda, M., Ligget. D., Helms, A., Caux, C., Lebecque, S., Hannum, C., Menon, S., McClanahan, T., Gorman, D. and Zurawski, G. J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273, 16400-16408.
96. Esnard, F., Esnard, A., Faucher, D., Capony, J. P., Derancourt, J., Brillard, M. and Gauthier, F. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler, 1990, 371, suppl. 161-166.
97. Koshizuka, Y., Yamada, T., Hoshi, K., Ogasawara, T., Chung, U., Kawano, H., Nakamura, Y., Nakamura, K., Ikegawa, S. and Kawaguchi, H. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 48259-48266.
98. Nägler, D., Sulea, T. and Menard, R. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1999, 257, 313-318.
99. Cornwall, G.A. and Hsia, N. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 2003, 200, 1-8.
100. Cornwall, G.A., Orgebin-Crist, M.C. and Hann, S.R., Mol. Endocrinol., 1992, 6, 1653-1664.
101. Töhönen, V., Österlund, C. and Nordqvist, K., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1998, 95, 14208-14213.
102. Shoemaker, K., Holloway, J.L., Whitmore, T.E., Maurer, M. and Feldhaus, A.L. Gene, 2000, 245, 103-108.
103. Li, Y., Friel, P.J., Robinson, M.O., McLean, D.J. and Griswold, M.D. Biol. Reprod., 2002, 67, 1872-1880.
104. Hsia, N. and Cornwall, G.A. Endocrinology, 2003, 144, 909-915.
105. Hamil, K.G., Liu, Q., Sivashanmugam, P., Yenugu, S., Soundararajan, R., Grossman, G., Richardson, R.T., Zhang, Y.L., O'Rand, M.G., Petrusz, P., French, F.S. and Hall, S.H. Endocrinology, 2002, 143, 2787-2796.
106. Cornwall, G.A., Cameron, A., Lindberg, I., Hardy, D.M., Cormier, N. and Hsia, N. Endocrinology, 2003, 144, 901-908.
107. DeLa Cadena, R.A. and Colman, R.W. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 1991, 12, 272-275.
108. Kitamura, N., Kitagawa, H., Fukushima, D., Takagaki, T., Miyata, T. and Nakanishi, S. J. Biol. Chem., 1985, 260, 8610-8617.
109. Müller-Esterl, W., Iwanaga, S. and Nakanishi, S. Trends Biochem. Sci., 1986, 11, 336-339.
110. Takagaki, Y., Kitamura, N. and Nakanishi, S. J. Biol. Chem., 1985, 260, 8601-8609.
111. Turk, B., Stoka, V., Björk, I., Boudier, C., Johansson, G., Dolenc, I., Čolič, A., Bieth, J. G. and Turk, V. Protein Sci., 1995, 4, 1874-1880.
112. Turk, B., Stoka, V., Turk, V., Johansson, G., Cazzulo, J.J. and Björk, I. FEBS Lett., 1996, 391, 109-112.
113. Salvesen, G., Parkes, C., Abrahamson, M., Grubb, A. and Barrett, A. J. Biochem. J., 1986, 234, 429-434.
114. Higashiyama, S., Ohkubo, H., Ishiguro, H., Sasaki, M., Matsuda, T. and Nakamura, R. Biochemistry, 1987, 26, 7450-7458.
115. Molina, F., Bouanani, M., Pau, B. and Granier, C. Eur. J. Biochem., 1996, 240, 125-133.
116. Lenarčič, B. and Bevec, T. Biol. Chem., 1998, 379, 105-111.
117. Bevec, T., Stoka, V., Pungerčič, G., Dolenc, I. and Turk, V. J. Exp. Med., 1996, 183, 1331-1338.
118. Yamashita, M. and Konagaya, S. J. Biol. Chem ., 1996, 271, 1282-1284.
119. Lenarčič, B., Ritonja, A., Štrukelj, B., Turk, B., Turk, V. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 13899-13903.
120. Lenarčič, B., Krishnan, G., Borukhovich, R., Ruck, B., Turk, V. and Moczydlowski, E. J. Biol. Chem., 2000, 274, 563-566.
121. Bocock, J.P., Edgell, C.J.S., Marr, H.S. and Erickson, A.H. Eur. J. Biochem., 2003, 270, 4008-4015.
122. Cygler, M. and Mort, J.S. Biochimie, 1997, 79, 645-652.
123. Rozman, J., Stojan, J., Kuhelj, R., Turk, V. and Turk, B. FEBS Lett., 1999, 459, 358-362.
124. Delaria, K., Fiorentino, L., Wallace, L., Tamburini, P., Brownell, E. and Muller, D. J. Biol. Chem., 1994, 269, 25172-25177.
125. Silverman, G. A., Bird, P. I., Carrell, R. W., Coughlin, P. B., Gettins, P. G., Irving, J. I., Lomas, D. A., Luke, C. J., Moyer, R. W., Pemberton, P. A., Remold-O'Donnell, E., Salvesen, G. S., Travis, J. and Whisstock, J. C. J. Biol. Chem., 2001, 276, 33293-33296.
126. Carrell, R. W. and Travis, J. Trends Biochem. Sci., 1985, 10, 20-24.
127. Ray, C. A., Black, R. A., Kronheim, S. R., Greenstreet, T. A., Sleath, P. R., Salvesen, G. S. and Pickup, D. J. Cell, 1992, 69, 597-604.
128. Schick, C., Pemberton, P. A., Shi, G. P., Kamachi, Y., Cataltepe, S., Bartuski, A. J., Gornstein, E. R., Bromme, D., Chapman, H. A. and Silverman, G. A. Biochemistry, 1998, 37, 5258-5266.
129. Al-Khunaizi, M., Luke, C.J., Askew, Y.S., Pak, S.C., Askew, D.J., Catalpepe, S., Miller, D., Mills, D.R., Tsu, C., Brömme, D., Irving, J.A., Whisstock, J.C. and Silverman, G.A. Biochemistry, 2002, 41, 3189-3199.
130. Irving, J.A., Shuhanov, S.S., Pike, R.N., Popova, E.Y., Brömme, D., Coetzer, T.H.T., Bottomley, S.P., Boulynko, I.A., Grigoryev, S.A. and Whisstock, J.C. J. Biol. Chem., 2002, 277, 13192-13201.
131. Welss, T., Sun, J., Irving, J.A., Blum, R., Smith, I., Whisstock, J.C., Pike, R.N., von Mikecz, A., Ruzicka, T., Bird, P.I. and Abts, H.F. Biochemistry, 2003, 42, 7381-7389.
132. Hwang, S.R., Steineckert, B., Toneff, T., Bundey, R., Logvinova, A.V., Goldsmith, P. and Hook, V.Y.H. Biochemistry, 2002, 41, 10397-10405.
133. Liu, N., Raja, S.M., Zazzeroni, F., Metkar, S.S., Shah, R., Zhang, M., Wang, Y., Brömme, D., Russin, W.A., Froelich, C.J., Franzoso, G. and Ashton-Rickardt, P.G. EMBO J., 2003, 22, 5313-5322.
134. Grigoryev, S.A., Bednar, J. and Woodcock, C.L. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 5626-5636.
135. van't Hoff, W., Blankenvoorde, M.F.J., Veerman, E.C.I. and Amerongen, A.V.N. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 1837-1841.
136. Rzychon, M., Filipek, R., Sabat, A., Kosowska, K., Dubin, A., Potempa, J. and Bochtler, M. Protein Sci., 2003, 12, 2252-2256.
137. Mason, R.W. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1989, 273, 367-374.
138. Deveraux, Q. L., Stennicke, H. R., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J. C. J. Clin. Immunol., 1999, 19, 388-398
139. Ekert, P. G., Silke, J. and Vaux, D. L. Cell Death Diff., 1999, 6, 1081-1086.
140. Stennicke, H. R. and Salvesen, G. S. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2000, 1477, 299-306.
141. Duckett, C. S., Nava, V. E., Gedrich, R. W., Clem, R. J., Van Dongen, J. L., Gilfillan, M., Shiels, H., Hardwick, J. M. and Thompson, C. B. EMBO J., 1996, 15, 2685-2694.
142. Uren, A. G., Coulson, E. J. and Vaux, D. L. Trends Biochem. Sci ., 1998, 23, 159-162.
143. Crook, N. E., Clem, R. J. and Miller, L. K. J. Virol., 1993, 67, 2168-2174.
144. Birnbaum, M. J., Clem, R. J. and Miller, L. K. J. Virol., 1994, 68, 2521-2528
145. Deveraux, Q., Takahashi, R., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J. C. Nature, 1997, 388, 300-304.
146. Deveraux, Q. L., Roy, N., Stennicke, H. R., Zhou, Q., Srinivasula, S. M., Alnemri, E. S., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J.C. EMBO J., 1998, 17, 2215-2223
147. Sun, C., Cai, M., Gunasekera, A. H., Meadows, R. P., Wang, H., Chen, J., Zhang, H., Wu, W., Xu, N., Ng, S. C. and Fesik, S. W. Nature, 1999, 401, 818-822.
148. Sun, C., Cai, M., Meadows, R. P., Xu, N., Gunasekera, A. H., Herrmann, J., Wu, J. C. and Fesik, S. W. J. Biol. Chem., 2000, 275, 33777-33781
149. Chai, J., Shiozaki, E., Srinivasula, S. M., Wu, Q., Dataa, P., Alnemri, E. S. and Shi, Y. Cell, 2001, 104, 769-780.
150. Huang, Y., Park, Y. C., Rich, R. L., Segal, D., Myszka, D. G. and Wu, H. Cell, 2001, 104, 781-790.
151. Riedl, S. J., Renatus, M., Schwarzenbacher, R., Zhou, Q., Sun, S., Fesik, S. W., Liddington, R. C. and Salvesen, G. S. Cell, 2001, 104,791-800.
152. Srinivasula, S. M., Hegde, R., Saleh, A., Datta, P., Shiozaki, E., Chai, J., Lee, R. A., Robbins, P. D., Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Shi, Y. and Alnemri, E. S. Nature, 2001, 410, 112-116.
153. Roy, N., Deveraux, Q. L., Takahashi, R., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J. C. EMBO J., 1997, 16, 6914-6925.
154. Kasof, G. M. and Gomes, B. C. J. Biol. Chem., 2000, 276, 3238-3246.
155. Vucic, D., Stennicke, H. R., Pisabarro, M. T., Salvesen, G. S. and Dixit, V. M. Curr. Biol., 2000, 10, 1359-1366.
156. Richter, B. W., Mir, S. S., Eiben, L. J., Lewis, J., Reffey, S. B., Frattini, A., Tian, L., Frank, S., Youle, R. J., Nelson, D. L., Notarangelo, L. D., Vezzoni, P., Fearnhead, H. O. and Duckett, C. S. Mol. Cell Biol., 2001, 21, 4292-4301.
157. Maier, J.K., Lahoua, Z., Fetni, R., Johnston, A., Davoodi, J., Rasper, D., Roy, S., Slack, R.S., Nicholson, D.W., MacKenzie, A.E. J. Neurosci., 2002, 22, 2035-2043.
158. Wang, S. L., Hawkins, C. J., Yoo, S. J., Muller, H. A. and Hay, B. A. Cell, 1999, 98, 453-463.
159. Bump, N. J., Hackett, M., Hugunin, M., Seshagiri, S., Brady, K., Chen, P., Ferenz, C., Franklin, S., Mankovich, J., Shi, L., Greenberg, A.H., Miller, L.K. and Wong, W.W. Science, 1995, 269, 1885-1888.
160. Xue, D. and Horvitz, H. R. Nature, 1995, 377, 248-25135.
161. Ahmad, M., Srinivasula, S., Wang, L., Litwack, G., Fernandes-Alnemri, T. and Alnemri, E. S. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 1421-1424.
162. Zhou, Q., Krebs, J. F., Snipas, S. J., Price, A., Alnemri, E. S., Tomaselli, K. J. and Salvesen, G. S. Biochemistry, 1998, 37, 10757-10765.
163. Snipas, S. J., Stennicke, H. R., Riedl, S., Potempa, J., Travis, J., Barrett, A. J. and Salvesen, G. S. Biochem. J., 2001, 357, 575-580.
164. Komiyama, T., Ray, C. A., Pickup, D. J., Howard, A. D., Thornberry, N. A., Peterson, E. P. and Salvesen, G. J. Biol. Chem., 1994, 269, 19331-19337.
165. Quan, L. T., Caputo, A., Bleackley, R. C., Pickup, D. J. and Salvesen, G. S. J. Biol. Chem., 1995, 270, 10377-10379.
166. Macen, J.L., Garner, R.S., Musy, P.Y., Brooks, M.A., Turner, P.C., Moyer, R.W., McFadden, G. and Bleackley, R.C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 9108-9113.
167. Zhou, Q., Snipas, S., Orth, K., Muzio, M., Dixit, V.M. and Salvesen, G.S. J. Biol. Chem., 1997, 272, 7797-7800.
168. Bode, W., Engh, R., Musil, D.J., Thiele, U., Huber, R., Karshikov, A., Brzin, J., Kos, J. and Turk, V. EMBO J., 1988, 7, 2593-2599.
169. Kamphuis, I. G., Kalk, K. H., Swarte, M. B. A. and Drenth, J. J. Mol. Biol., 1984, 179, 233-257.
170. Stubbs, M. T., Laber, B., Bode, W., Huber, R., Jerala, R., Lenarčič, B. and Turk, V. EMBO J., 1990, 9, 1939-1947.
171. Jenko, S., Dolenc, I., Gunčar, G., Doberšek, A., Podobnik, M. and Turk, D. J. Mol. Biol., 2003, 326, 875-885.
172. Björk, I. and Ylinenjärvi, K. Biochem. J., 1989, 260, 61-68.
173. Martin, J.R., Craven, C.J., Jerala, R., Kroon-Žitko, L., Žerovnik, E., Turk, V. and Waltho, J. P. J. Mol. Biol., 1995, 246, 331-343.
174. Tate, S., Ushioda, T., Utsunomiya-Tate, N., Shibuya, K., Ohyama, Y., Nakano, Y., Kaji, H., Inagaki, F., Samejima, T. and Kainosho, M. Biochemistry, 1995, 34, 14637-14648.
175. Nagata, K., Kudo, N., Abe, K., Arai, S. and Tanokura, M. Biochemistry, 2000, 39, 14753-14760.
176. Janowski, R., Kozak, M., Jankowska, E., Grzonka, Z., Grubb, A., Abrahamson, M. and Jaskolski, M. Nat. Struct. Biol., 2001, 8, 316-320.
177. Staniforth, R.A., Giannini, S., Higgins, L.D., Conroy, M.J., Hounslow, A.M., Jerala, R., Craven, C.J. and Waltho, J.P. EMBO J., 2001, 20, 4774-4781.
178. Machleidt, W., Thiele, U., Laber, B., Assfalg-Machleidt, I., Esterl, A., Wiegand, G., Kos, J., Turk, V. and Bode, W. FEBS Lett., 1989, 243, 234-238.
179. Abrahamson, M., Mason, R.W., Hansson, H., Buttle, D.J., Grubb, A. and Ohlson, K. Biochem. J., 1991, 273, 621-626.
180. Björk, I., Brieditis, I. and Abrahamson, M. Biochem. J., 1995, 306, 513-518.
181. Estrada, S. Nycander, M., Hill, N.J., Craven, C.J., Waltho, J.P., Björk, I. Biochemistry, 1998, 37, 7551-7560.
182. Estrada, S., Pavlova, A., Björk, I. Biochemistry, 1999, 38, 7339-7345
183. Pol, E. and Björk, I. Biochemistry, 1999, 38, 10519-10526.
184. Estrada, S., Olson, S.T., Raub-Segall, E. and Björk, I. Protein Sci., 2000, 9, 2218-2224.
185. Nycander, M., Estrada, S., Mort, J.S., Abrahamson, M. and Björk, I. FEBS Lett., 1998, 422, 61-64.
186. Alvarez-Fernandez, M., Barrett, A.J., Gerhartz, B., Dando, P.M., Ni, J. and Abrahamson, M. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 19195-19203.
187. Gunčar, G., Pungerčič, G., Klemenčič, I., Turk, V. and Turk, D. EMBO J., 1999, 18, 793-803.
188. Turk, D., Gunčar, G. and Turk, V. IUBMB Life, 1999, 48, 7-12.
189. Lenarcic, B. and Turk, V. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 563-566.
190. Nakada, M., Yamada, A., Takino, T., Miyamori, H., Takahashi, T., Yamashita, J. and Sato, H. Cancer Res., 2001, 61, 8896-8902.
191. Turk, D., Podobnik, M., Kuhelj, R., Dolinar, M. and Turk, V. FEBS Lett., 1996, 384, 211-214.
192. Cygler, M., Sivaraman, J., Grochulski, P., Coulombe, R., Storer, A. C. and Mort, J. S. Structure, 1996, 4, 405-416.
193. Coulombe, R., Grochulski, P., Sivaraman, J., Menard, R., Mort, J.S. and Cygler, M. EMBO J., 1996, 15, 5492-5503.
194. Podobnik, M., Kuhelj, R., Turk, V. and Turk, D. J. Mol. Biol., 1997, 271, 774-788.
195. Sivaraman, J., Nägler, D.K., Zhang, R., Menard, R. and Cygler, M. J. Mol. Biol., 2000, 295, 939-951.
196. Baumann, U., Bauer, M., Letoffe, S., Delepelaire, P. and Wandersman, C. J. Mol. Biol., 1995, 248, 653-661.
197. Filipek, R., Rzychon, M., Oleksy, A., Gruca, M., Dubin, A., Potempa, J. and Bochtler, M., J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 40959-40966.
198. Renatus, M., Zhou, Q., Stennicke, H.R., Snipas, S.J., Turk, D., Bankston, L.A., Liddington, R.C. and Salvesen, G.S. Structure, 2000, 8, 789-797.
199. Simonovic, M., Gettins, P.G.W. and Volz, K. Protein Sci., 2000, 9, 1423-1427.
200. Schick, C., Brömme, D., Bartuski, A.J., Uemura, Y., Schechter, N.M. and Silverman, G.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1998, 95, 13465-13470.
201. Luke, C., Schick, C., Tsu, C., Whisstock, J.C., Irving, J.A., Brömme, D., Juliano, L., Shi, G.-P., Chapman, H.A. and Silverman, G.A. Biochemistry, 2000, 39, 7081-7091.
202. Irving, J.A., Pike, R.N., Dai, W., Brömme, D., Worrall, D.M., Silverman, G.A., Coetzer, T.H.T., Dennison, C., Bottomley, S.P. and Whisstock, J.C. Biochemistry, 2002, 41, 4998-5004.
203. Björk, I., Nordling, K., Raub-Segal, E., Hellman, U. and Olson, S.T. Biochem. J., 1998, 335, 701-709.
204. Takahashi, R., Deveraux, Q., Tamm, I., Welsh, K., Assa-Munt, N., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J. C. J. Biol. Chem., 1998, 273, 7787-7790.
205. Deveraux, Q. L., Leo, E., Stennicke, H. R., Welsh, K., Salvesen, G. S. and Reed, J. C. EMBO J., 1999, 18, 5242-5251.
206. Shiozaki, E.N., Chai, J., Rigotti, D.J., Riedl, S.J., Li, P., Srinivasula, S.M., Alnemri, E.S., Fairman, R., Shi, Y. Mol. Cell, 2003, 11,519-527.
207. Fisher, A.J., Cruz, W., Zoog, S. J., Schneider, C. L. and Friesen, P. D. EMBO J., 1999, 18, 2031-2039.
208. Walsh, C. T. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 1984, 53, 493-535.
209. Knight, C. G. In Protease Inhibitors, Barrett, A.J. and Salvesen, G., Eds., Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1986, pp. 23-51.
210. Schaschke, N., Assfalg-Machleidt, I., Machleidt, W. and Moroder, L. FEBS Lett., 1998, 421, 80-82.
211. Johansson, L., Grubb, A., Abrahamson, M., Kasprzykowski, F., Kasprzykowska, R., Grzonka, Z and Lerner, U.H. Bone, 2000, 26, 451-459.
212. Gauthier, F., Moreau, T., Lalmanach, G., Brillard-Bourdet, M., Ferrer-Di Martino, M. and Juliano, L. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1993, 306, 304-308.
213. Shaw, E. Adv. Enzymol., 1990, 63, 271-347.
214. Otto, H.H. and Schirmeister, T. Chem. Rev., 1997, 97, 133-171.
215. Murata, M., Miyashita, S., Yokoo, C., Tamai, M., Hanada, K., Hatayama, K., Towatari, T., Nikawa, T., Katunuma, N. FEBS Lett., 1991, 280, 307-310.
216. Katunuma, N., Murata, E., Kakegawa, H., Matsui, A., Tsuzuki, H., Tsuge, H., Turk, D., Turk, V., Fukushima, M., Tada, Y. and Asao, T. FEBS Lett., 1999, 458, 6-10.
217. Sreedharan, S.K., Verma, C., Caves, L.S., Brocklehurst, S.M., Gharbia, S.E., Shah, H.N. and Brocklehurst, K. Biochem. J., 1996, 316, 777-786.
218. Schotte, P., Declercq, W., Van Huffel, S., Vandenabeele, P. and Beyaert, R. FEBS Lett., 1999, 442, 117-121.
219. Rozman-Pungerčar, J., Kopitar-Jerala, N., Bogyo, M., Turk, D., Vasiljeva, O., Štefe, I., Vandenabeele, P., Brömme, D., Puizdar, V., Fonovič, M., Trstenjak-Prebanda, M., Dolenc, I., Turk, V. and Turk, B. Cell Death Differ., 2003, 10, 881-888.
220. Carson, M. J. Appl. Cryst., 1991, 24, 283-291.