Micro/nanofabricated platforms for oral drug delivery

Journal of Controlled Release

Volumn 219, Issue , 2015, Pages 431-444

  Fox, Cade B ^a   Kim, Jean ^b   Le, Long V ^b   Nemeth, Cameron L ^b   Chirra, Hariharasudhan D ^a   Desai, Tejal A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Microdevice; Microfabrication; Nanofabrication; Nanotopography; Oral drug delivery; Targeted delivery

Indexed keywords

DRUG PRODUCTS; MICROFABRICATION; PHYSIOLOGY;

MICRO-DEVICE; NANOFABRICATION TECHNIQUES; NANOTOPOGRAPHIES; ORAL DRUG DELIVERY; ORAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; SMALL-MOLECULE DRUGS; SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION; TARGETED DELIVERY;

NANOTECHNOLOGY;

MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER; PENETRATION ENHANCING AGENT; DELAYED RELEASE FORMULATION;

COLON; CONTROLLED DRUG RELEASE; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG UPTAKE; ESOPHAGUS; GEOMETRY; HUMAN; MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM; MICROTECHNOLOGY; MOUTH CAVITY; MUCOADHESION; NANOFABRICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SMALL INTESTINE; STOMACH; SURFACE PROPERTY; SUSTAINED DRUG RELEASE; ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE; ANIMAL; DELAYED RELEASE FORMULATION; INTESTINE MUCOSA; METABOLISM; NANOTECHNOLOGY; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PHARMACOKINETICS;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANIMALS; DELAYED-ACTION PREPARATIONS; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; HUMANS; INTESTINAL MUCOSA; MICROTECHNOLOGY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; PHARMACOKINETICS;

EID: 84947487068     PISSN: 01683659     EISSN: 18734995     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.07.033     Document Type: Review

References (176)

1. E.H. Moeller, and L. Jorgensen Alternative routes of administration for systemic delivery of protein pharmaceuticals Drug Discov. Today Technol. 5 2008 e89 e94
2. M. Garrido-Siles, J.J. Arenas-Villafranca, E. Perez-Ruiz, M.F. de Linares Fernandez, B. Tortajada, F. Rivas-Ruiz, V. Faus, and A. Rueda New cutaneous toxicities with generic docetaxel: are the excipients guilty? Support Care Cancer 23 2015 1917 1923
3. H. Gelderblom, J. Verweij, K. Nooter, and A. Sparreboom Cremophor EL: the drawbacks and advantages of vehicle selection for drug formulation Eur. J. Cancer 37 2001 1590 1598
4. G. Thiel, M. Hermle, and F.P. Brunner Acutely impaired renal function during intravenous administration of cyclosporine A: a Cremophor side-effect Clin. Nephrol. 25 Suppl. 1 1986 S40 S42
5. S. Hua, E. Marks, J.J. Schneider, and S. Keely Advances in oral nano-delivery systems for colon targeted drug delivery in inflammatory bowel disease: selective targeting to diseased versus healthy tissue Nanomedicine 11 5 2015 1117 1132
6. H.D. Chirra, and T.A. Desai Emerging microtechnologies for the development of oral drug delivery devices Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 64 2012 1569 1578
7. S. Keely, S.M. Ryan, D.M. Haddleton, A. Limer, G. Mantovani, E.P. Murphy, S.P. Colgan, and D.J. Brayden Dexamethasone-pDMAEMA polymeric conjugates reduce inflammatory biomarkers in human intestinal epithelial monolayers J. Control. Release 135 2009 35 43
8. S. Stegemann, F. Leveiller, D. Franchi, H. de Jong, and H. Linden When poor solubility becomes an issue: from early stage to proof of concept Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 31 2007 249 261
9. P. Li, and L. Zhao Developing early formulations: practice and perspective Int. J. Pharm. 341 2007 1 19
10. U. Agrawal, R. Sharma, M. Gupta, and S.P. Vyas Is nanotechnology a boon for oral drug delivery? Drug Discov. Today 19 2014 1530 1546
11. U.I. Schwarz, T. Gramatte, J. Krappweis, R. Oertel, and W. Kirch P-glycoprotein inhibitor erythromycin increases oral bioavailability of talinolol in humans Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 38 2000 161 167
12. G. Ponchel, and J. Irache Specific and non-specific bioadhesive particulate systems for oral delivery to the gastrointestinal tract Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 34 1998 191 219
13. V.K. Pawar, J.G. Meher, Y. Singh, M. Chaurasia, B. Surendar Reddy, and M.K. Chourasia Targeting of gastrointestinal tract for amended delivery of protein/peptide therapeutics: strategies and industrial perspectives J. Control. Release 196 2014 168 183
14. C.M. Lehr Lectin-mediated drug delivery: the second generation of bioadhesives J. Control. Release 65 2000 19 29
15. A.C. Hunter, J. Elsom, P.P. Wibroe, and S.M. Moghimi Polymeric particulate technologies for oral drug delivery and targeting: a pathophysiological perspective Nanomedicine 8 Suppl. 1 2012 S5 S20
16. N. Hassan, A. Ahad, M. Ali, and J. Ali Chemical permeation enhancers for transbuccal drug delivery Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 7 2010 97 112
17. L.A. Felton, and S.C. Porter An update on pharmaceutical film coating for drug delivery Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 10 2013 421 435
18. A. Fasano, and S. Uzzau Modulation of intestinal tight junctions by zonula occludens toxin permits enteral administration of insulin and other macromolecules in an animal model J. Clin. Invest. 99 1997 1158 1164
19. A. Bernkop-Schnurch, C.E. Kast, and D. Guggi Permeation enhancing polymers in oral delivery of hydrophilic macromolecules: thiomer/GSH systems J. Control. Release 93 2003 95 103
20. K.M. Ainslie, and T.A. Desai Microfabricated implants for applications in therapeutic delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing Lab Chip 8 2008 1864 1878
21. A. Ahmed, C. Bonner, and T.A. Desai Bioadhesive microdevices with multiple reservoirs: a new platform for oral drug delivery J. Control. Release 81 2002 291 306
22. R.A. Siegel, Y. Gu, M. Lei, A. Baldi, E.E. Nuxoll, and B. Ziaie Hard and soft micro- and nanofabrication: an integrated approach to hydrogel-based biosensing and drug delivery J. Control. Release 141 2010 303 313
23. S. Sant, S.L. Tao, O.Z. Fisher, Q. Xu, N.A. Peppas, and A. Khademhosseini Microfabrication technologies for oral drug delivery Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 64 2012 496 507
24. E. Nuxoll BioMEMS in drug delivery Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 65 2013 1611 1625
25. N.T. Nguyen, S.A. Shaegh, N. Kashaninejad, and D.T. Phan Design, fabrication and characterization of drug delivery systems based on lab-on-a-chip technology Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 65 2013 1403 1419
26. P. Chinna Reddy, K.S. Chaitanya, and Y. Madhusudan Rao A review on bioadhesive buccal drug delivery systems: current status of formulation and evaluation methods Daru 19 2011 385 403
27. J.W. Lee, J.H. Park, and J.R. Robinson Bioadhesive-based dosage forms: the next generation J. Pharm. Sci. 89 2000 850 866
28. M.J. Rathbone, and I.G. Tucker Mechanisms, barriers and pathways of oral mucosal drug permeation Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 12 1993 41 60
29. Y. Sudhakar, K. Kuotsu, and A.K. Bandyopadhyay Buccal bioadhesive drug delivery - a promising option for orally less efficient drugs J. Control. Release 114 2006 15 40
30. N. Salamat-Miller, M. Chittchang, and T.P. Johnston The use of mucoadhesive polymers in buccal drug delivery Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 57 2005 1666 1691
31. H. Batchelor Bioadhesive dosage forms for esophageal drug delivery Pharm. Res. 22 2005 175 181
32. C.O. Russell, L.D. Hill, E.R. Holmes III, D.A. Hull, R. Gannon, and C.E. Pope II Radionuclide transit: a sensitive screening test for esophageal dysfunction Gastroenterology 80 1981 887 892
33. L. Zhang, D. Russell, B.R. Conway, and H. Batchelor Strategies and therapeutic opportunities for the delivery of drugs to the esophagus Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 25 2008 259 304
34. T. Yoshida, T.C. Lai, G.S. Kwon, and K. Sako pH- and ion-sensitive polymers for drug delivery Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 10 2013 1497 1513
35. L.M. Ensign, R. Cone, and J. Hanes Oral drug delivery with polymeric nanoparticles: the gastrointestinal mucus barriers Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 64 2012 557 570
36. A.U. Dignass Mechanisms and modulation of intestinal epithelial repair Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 7 2001 68 77
37. T. Garg, A. Kumar, G. Rath, and A.K. Goyal Gastroretentive drug delivery systems for therapeutic management of peptic ulcer Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 31 2014 531 557
38. V.D. Prajapati, G.K. Jani, T.A. Khutliwala, and B.S. Zala Raft forming system - an upcoming approach of gastroretentive drug delivery system J. Control. Release 168 2013 151 165
39. J. Fallingborg Intraluminal pH of the human gastrointestinal tract Dan. Med. Bull. 46 1999 183 196
40. Y.F. Lim, M.A. Williams, R.G. Lentle, P.W. Janssen, B.W. Mansel, S.A. Keen, and P. Chambers An exploration of the microrheological environment around the distal ileal villi and proximal colonic mucosa of the possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) J. R. Soc. Interface 10 2013 20121008
41. J.R. Pappenheimer, and C.C. Michel Role of villus microcirculation in intestinal absorption of glucose: coupling of epithelial with endothelial transport J. Physiol. 553 2003 561 574
42. A.L. Brown Jr. Microvilli of the human jejunal epithelial cell J. Cell Biol. 12 1962 623 627
43. M. Goldberg, and I. Gomez-Orellana Challenges for the oral delivery of macromolecules Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2 2003 289 295
44. L. Mei, Z. Zhang, L. Zhao, L. Huang, X.L. Yang, J. Tang, and S.S. Feng Pharmaceutical nanotechnology for oral delivery of anticancer drugs Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 65 2013 880 890
45. A.K. Philip, and B. Philip Colon targeted drug delivery systems: a review on primary and novel approaches Oman Med. J. 25 2010 79 87
46. D.F. Evans, G. Pye, R. Bramley, A.G. Clark, T.J. Dyson, and J.D. Hardcastle Measurement of gastrointestinal pH profiles in normal ambulant human subjects Gut 29 1988 1035 1041
47. S. Hua, E. Marks, J.J. Schneider, and S. Keely Advances in oral nano-delivery systems for colon targeted drug delivery in inflammatory bowel disease: selective targeting to diseased versus healthy tissue Nanomedicine 11 2015 1117 1132
48. L. Yang, J.S. Chu, and J.A. Fix Colon-specific drug delivery: new approaches and in vitro/in vivo evaluation Int. J. Pharm. 235 2002 1 15
49. H. He, J. Guan, and J.L. Lee An oral delivery device based on self-folding hydrogels J. Control. Release 110 2006 339 346
50. W. Gao, R. Dong, S. Thamphiwatana, J. Li, W. Gao, L. Zhang, and J. Wang Artificial micromotors in the mouse's stomach: a step toward in vivo use of synthetic motors ACS Nano 9 2015 117 123
51. S.L. Tao, M.W. Lubeley, and T.A. Desai Bioadhesive poly(methyl methacrylate) microdevices for controlled drug delivery J. Control. Release 88 2003 215 228
52. S.L. Tao, and T.A. Desai Micromachined devices: the impact of controlled geometry from cell-targeting to bioavailability J. Control. Release 109 2005 127 138
53. H.D. Chirra, L. Shao, N. Ciaccio, C.B. Fox, J.M. Wade, A. Ma, and T.A. Desai Planar microdevices for enhanced in vivo retention and oral bioavailability of poorly permeable drugs Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3 2014 1648 1654
54. H.D. Chirra, and T.A. Desai Multi-reservoir bioadhesive microdevices for independent rate-controlled delivery of multiple drugs Small 8 2012 3839 3846
55. K.M. Ainslie, R.D. Lowe, T.T. Beaudette, L. Petty, E.M. Bachelder, and T.A. Desai Microfabricated devices for enhanced bioadhesive drug delivery: attachment to and small-molecule release through a cell monolayer under flow Small 5 2009 2857 2863
56. K.M. Ainslie, C.M. Kraning, and T.A. Desai Microfabrication of an asymmetric, multi-layered microdevice for controlled release of orally delivered therapeutics Lab Chip 8 2008 1042 1047
57. K.E. Fischer, G. Nagaraj, R. Hugh Daniels, E. Li, V.E. Cowles, J.L. Miller, M.D. Bunger, and T.A. Desai Hierarchical nanoengineered surfaces for enhanced cytoadhesion and drug delivery Biomaterials 32 2011 3499 3506
58. J. Guan, H. He, L.J. Lee, and D.J. Hansford Fabrication of particulate reservoir-containing, capsulelike, and self-folding polymer microstructures for drug delivery Small 3 2007 412 418
59. K.M. Wood, G.M. Stone, and N.A. Peppas The effect of complexation hydrogels on insulin transport in intestinal epithelial cell models Acta Biomater. 6 2010 48 56
60. K.M. Wood, G.M. Stone, and N.A. Peppas Wheat germ agglutinin functionalized complexation hydrogels for oral insulin delivery Biomacromolecules 9 2008 1293 1298
61. K.M. Wood, G. Stone, and N.A. Peppas Lectin functionalized complexation hydrogels for oral protein delivery J. Control. Release 116 2006 e66 e68
62. B. Carreno-Gomez, J.F. Woodley, and A.T. Florence Studies on the uptake of tomato lectin nanoparticles in everted gut sacs Int. J. Pharm. 183 1999 7 11
63. C.B. Fox, H.D. Chirra, and T.A. Desai Planar bioadhesive microdevices: a new technology for oral drug delivery Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 15 2014 673 683
64. E. Pennisi Biomechanics. Geckos climb by the hairs of their toes Science 288 2000 1717 1718
65. A.J. Crosby, M. Hageman, and A. Duncan Controlling polymer adhesion with "pancakes" Langmuir 21 2005 11738 11743
66. K. Autumn, M. Sitti, Y.A. Liang, A.M. Peattie, W.R. Hansen, S. Sponberg, T.W. Kenny, R. Fearing, J.N. Israelachvili, and R.J. Full Evidence for van der Waals adhesion in gecko setae Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 2002 12252 12256
67. K. Autumn, Y.A. Liang, S.T. Hsieh, W. Zesch, W.P. Chan, T.W. Kenny, R. Fearing, and R.J. Full Adhesive force of a single gecko foot-hair Nature 405 2000 681 685
68. G. Traverso, C.M. Schoellhammer, A. Schroeder, R. Maa, G.Y. Lauwers, B.E. Polat, D.G. Anderson, D. Blankschtein, and R. Langer Microneedles for drug delivery via the gastrointestinal tract J. Pharm. Sci. 104 2015 362 367
69. S.L. Tao, and T.A. Desai Microfabrication of multilayer, asymmetric, polymeric devices for drug delivery Adv. Mater. 17 2005 1625 - +
70. V. Uskokovic, P.P. Lee, L.A. Walsh, K.E. Fischer, and T.A. Desai PEGylated silicon nanowire coated silica microparticles for drug delivery across intestinal epithelium Biomaterials 33 2012 1663 1672
71. V. Uskokovic, K. Lee, P.P. Lee, K.E. Fischer, and T.A. Desai Shape effect in the design of nanowire-coated microparticles as transepithelial drug delivery devices ACS Nano 6 2012 7832 7841
72. K.E. Fischer, A. Jayagopal, G. Nagaraj, R.H. Daniels, E.M. Li, M.T. Silvestrini, and T.A. Desai Nanoengineered surfaces enhance drug loading and adhesion Nano Lett. 11 2011 1076 1081
73. K.E. Fischer, B.J. Aleman, S.L. Tao, R. Hugh Daniels, E.M. Li, M.D. Bunger, G. Nagaraj, P. Singh, A. Zettl, and T.A. Desai Biomimetic nanowire coatings for next generation adhesive drug delivery systems Nano Lett. 9 2009 716 720
74. C.B. Fox, J. Kim, E.B. Schlesinger, H.D. Chirra, and T.A. Desai Fabrication of micropatterned polymeric nanowire arrays for high-resolution reagent localization and topographical cellular control Nano Lett. 15 2015 1540 1546
75. D.A. Shimko, and E.A. Nauman Development and characterization of a porous poly(methyl methacrylate) scaffold with controllable modulus and permeability J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 80 2007 360 369
76. D. Rohner, D.W. Hutmacher, T.K. Cheng, M. Oberholzer, and B. Hammer In vivo efficacy of bone-marrow-coated polycaprolactone scaffolds for the reconstruction of orbital defects in the pig J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 66 2003 574 580
77. S.B. Patil, A. Kaul, A. Babbar, R. Mathur, A. Mishra, and K.K. Sawant In vivo evaluation of alginate microspheres of carvedilol for nasal delivery J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 100 2012 249 255
78. D. Pal, and A.K. Nayak Novel tamarind seed polysaccharide-alginate mucoadhesive microspheres for oral gliclazide delivery: in vitro-in vivo evaluation Drug Deliv. 19 2012 123 131
79. M. Thanou, J.C. Verhoef, and H.E. Junginger Oral drug absorption enhancement by chitosan and its derivatives Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 52 2001 117 126
80. I.A. Sogias, A.C. Williams, and V.V. Khutoryanskiy Why is chitosan mucoadhesive? Biomacromolecules 9 2008 1837 1842
81. M.C. Chen, F.L. Mi, Z.X. Liao, C.W. Hsiao, K. Sonaje, M.F. Chung, L.W. Hsu, and H.W. Sung Recent advances in chitosan-based nanoparticles for oral delivery of macromolecules Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 65 2013 865 879
82. G. Uccello-Barretta, F. Balzano, L. Vanni, and M. Sanso Mucoadhesive properties of tamarind-seed polysaccharide/hyaluronic acid mixtures: a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation Carbohydr. Polym. 91 2013 568 572
83. G. Sandri, S. Rossi, F. Ferrari, M.C. Bonferoni, N. Zerrouk, and C. Caramella Mucoadhesive and penetration enhancement properties of three grades of hyaluronic acid using porcine buccal and vaginal tissue, Caco-2 cell lines, and rat jejunum J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 56 2004 1083 1090
84. J. Wang, Y. Tauchi, Y. Deguchi, K. Morimoto, Y. Tabata, and Y. Ikada Positively charged gelatin microspheres as gastric mucoadhesive drug delivery system for eradication of H. pylori Drug Deliv. 7 2000 237 243
85. J. Wang, Y. Tabata, D. Bi, and K. Morimoto Evaluation of gastric mucoadhesive properties of aminated gelatin microspheres J. Control. Release 73 2001 223 231
86. D. Rahmat, C. Muller, J. Barthelmes, G. Shahnaz, R. Martien, and A. Bernkop-Schnurch Thiolated hydroxyethyl cellulose: design and in vitro evaluation of mucoadhesive and permeation enhancing nanoparticles Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 83 2013 149 155
87. E. Mazoniene, S. Joceviciute, J. Kazlauske, B. Niemeyer, and J. Liesiene Interaction of cellulose-based cationic polyelectrolytes with mucin Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces 83 2011 160 164
88. A. Sosnik, J. das Neves, and B. Sarmento Mucoadhesive polymers in the design of nano-drug delivery systems for administration by non-parenteral routes: a review Prog. Polym. Sci. 39 2014 2030 2075
89. N. Shrestha, M.A. Shahbazi, F. Araujo, H. Zhang, E.M. Makila, J. Kauppila, B. Sarmento, J.J. Salonen, J.T. Hirvonen, and H.A. Santos Chitosan-modified porous silicon microparticles for enhanced permeability of insulin across intestinal cell monolayers Biomaterials 35 2014 7172 7179
90. S. Sajeesh, K. Bouchemal, V. Marsaud, C. Vauthier, and C.P. Sharma Cyclodextrin complexed insulin encapsulated hydrogel microparticles: an oral delivery system for insulin J. Control. Release 147 2010 377 384
91. Z.X. Liao, E.Y. Chuang, C.W. Hsiao, and H.W. Sung 21 pH-sensitive chitosan-based nanoparticles for protein drug delivery: oral approaches: original research article: a novel pH-sensitive hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and alginate cross-linked by genipin for protein drug delivery J. Control. Release 190 2014 2004 68 70
92. K. Gradauer, J. Barthelmes, C. Vonach, G. Almer, H. Mangge, B. Teubl, E. Roblegg, S. Dunnhaupt, E. Frohlich, A. Bernkop-Schnurch, and R. Prassl Liposomes coated with thiolated chitosan enhance oral peptide delivery to rats J. Control. Release 172 2013 872 878
93. H.H. Gadalla, G.M. Soliman, F.A. Mohammed, and A.M. El-Sayed Development and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of Zn-pectinate microparticles reinforced with chitosan for the colonic delivery of progesterone Drug Deliv. 2015 1 14
94. B. Fan, Y. Xing, Y. Zheng, C. Sun, and G. Liang pH-responsive thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for oral low-molecular weight heparin delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluation Drug Deliv. 2014 1 10
95. S. Dunnhaupt, J. Barthelmes, J. Iqbal, G. Perera, C.C. Thurner, H. Friedl, and A. Bernkop-Schnurch In vivo evaluation of an oral drug delivery system for peptides based on S-protected thiolated chitosan J. Control. Release 160 2012 477 485
96. S. Ahn, I.H. Lee, E. Lee, H. Kim, Y.C. Kim, and S. Jon Oral delivery of an anti-diabetic peptide drug via conjugation and complexation with low molecular weight chitosan J. Control. Release 170 2013 226 232
97. J. Xu, S. Strandman, J.X. Zhu, J. Barralet, and M. Cerruti Genipin-crosslinked catechol-chitosan mucoadhesive hydrogels for buccal drug delivery Biomaterials 37 2015 395 404
98. C. Tang, Y.X. Guan, S.J. Yao, and Z.Q. Zhu Preparation of ibuprofen-loaded chitosan films for oral mucosal drug delivery using supercritical solution impregnation Int. J. Pharm. 473 2014 434 441
99. Y. Liang, W. Liu, B. Han, C. Yang, Q. Ma, W. Zhao, M. Rong, and H. Li Fabrication and characters of a corneal endothelial cells scaffold based on chitosan J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 22 2011 175 183
100. S.T. Koev, P.H. Dykstra, X. Luo, G.W. Rubloff, W.E. Bentley, G.F. Payne, and R. Ghodssi Chitosan: an integrative biomaterial for lab-on-a-chip devices Lab Chip 10 2010 3026 3042
101. T. Lopez-Leon, E.L. Carvalho, B. Seijo, J.L. Ortega-Vinuesa, and D. Bastos-Gonzalez Physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles: electrokinetic and stability behavior J. Colloid Interface Sci. 283 2005 344 351
102. J. Guan, H. He, D.J. Hansford, and L.J. Lee Self-folding of three-dimensional hydrogel microstructures J. Phys. Chem. B 109 2005 23134 23137
103. S. Zakharchenko, and L. Ionov Anisotropic liquid microcapsules from biomimetic self-folding polymer films ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7 23 2015 12367 12372
104. G. Stoychev, N. Puretskiy, and L. Ionov Self-folding all-polymer thermoresponsive microcapsules Soft Matter 7 2011 3277 3279
105. N. Bassik, B.T. Abebe, K.E. Laflin, and D.H. Gracias Photolithographically patterned smart hydrogel based bilayer actuators Polymer 51 2010 6093 6098
106. Z. Wu, Y. Wu, W. He, X. Lin, J. Sun, and Q. He Self-propelled polymer-based multilayer nanorockets for transportation and drug release Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 52 2013 7000 7003
107. D.A. Wilson, R.J. Nolte, and J.C. van Hest Autonomous movement of platinum-loaded stomatocytes Nat. Chem. 4 2012 268 274
108. W.F. Paxton, K.C. Kistler, C.C. Olmeda, A. Sen, S.K. St Angelo, Y. Cao, T.E. Mallouk, P.E. Lammert, and V.H. Crespi Catalytic nanomotors: autonomous movement of striped nanorods J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 2004 13424 13431
109. T. Mirkovic, N.S. Zacharia, G.D. Scholes, and G.A. Ozin Fuel for thought: chemically powered nanomotors out-swim nature's flagellated bacteria ACS Nano 4 2010 1782 1789
110. M. Guix, C.C. Mayorga-Martinez, and A. Merkoci Nano/micromotors in (bio)chemical science applications Chem. Rev. 114 2014 6285 6322
111. W. Gao, A. Uygun, and J. Wang Hydrogen-bubble-propelled zinc-based microrockets in strongly acidic media J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 2012 897 900
112. A.C.R. Grayson, R.S. Shawgo, A.M. Johnson, N.T. Flynn, Y.W. Li, M.J. Cima, and R. Langer A BioMEMS review: MEMS technology for physiologically integrated devices Proc. IEEE 92 2004 6 21
113. D.A. LaVan, T. McGuire, and R. Langer Small-scale systems for in vivo drug delivery Nat. Biotechnol. 21 2003 1184 1191
114. S. Amer, and W. Badawy An integrated platform for bio-analysis and drug delivery Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 6 2005 57 64
115. Y. Ito, H. Hasuda, M. Morimatsu, N. Takagi, and Y. Hirai A microfabrication method of a biodegradable polymer chip for a controlled release system J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 16 2005 949 955
116. H. He, X. Cao, and L.J. Lee Design of a novel hydrogel-based intelligent system for controlled drug release J. Control. Release 95 2004 391 402
117. L.A. Sharpe, A.M. Daily, S.D. Horava, and N.A. Peppas Therapeutic applications of hydrogels in oral drug delivery Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 11 2014 901 915
118. M.C. Koetting, and N.A. Peppas pH-Responsive poly(itaconic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) hydrogels with reduced ionic strength loading solutions offer improved oral delivery potential for high isoelectric point-exhibiting therapeutic proteins Int. J. Pharm. 471 2014 83 91
119. J.M. Knipe, F. Chen, and N.A. Peppas Enzymatic biodegradation of hydrogels for protein delivery targeted to the small intestine Biomacromolecules 16 2015 962 972
120. M. Duran-Lobato, B. Carrillo-Conde, Y. Khairandish, and N.A. Peppas Surface-modified P(HEMA-co-MAA) nanogel carriers for oral vaccine delivery: design, characterization, and in vitro targeting evaluation Biomacromolecules 15 2014 2725 2734
121. R.S. Petersen, S.S. Keller, and A. Boisen Hot punching of high-aspect-ratio 3D polymeric microstructures for drug delivery Lab Chip 15 2015 2576 2579
122. P. Marizza, S.S. Keller, and A. Boisen Inkjet printing as a technique for filling of micro-wells with biocompatible polymers Microelectron. Eng. 111 2013 391 395
123. P. Marizza, S.S. Keller, A. Mullertz, and A. Boisen Polymer-filled microcontainers for oral delivery loaded using supercritical impregnation J. Control. Release 173 2014 1 9
124. L.H. Nielsen, J. Nagstrup, S. Gordon, S.S. Keller, J. Ostergaard, T. Rades, A. Mullertz, and A. Boisen pH-triggered drug release from biodegradable microwells for oral drug delivery Biomed. Microdevices 17 2015 9958
125. M. Yamato, C. Konno, M. Utsumi, A. Kikuchi, and T. Okano Thermally responsive polymer-grafted surfaces facilitate patterned cell seeding and co-culture Biomaterials 23 2002 561 567
126. G.W. Bos, N.M. Scharenborg, A.A. Poot, G.H. Engbers, T. Beugeling, W.G. van Aken, and J. Feijen Proliferation of endothelial cells on surface-immobilized albumin-heparin conjugate loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 44 1999 330 340
127. A.S. Blawas, and W.M. Reichert Protein patterning Biomaterials 19 1998 595 609
128. J.L. Tan, J. Tien, and C.S. Chen Microcontact printing of proteins on mixed self-assembled monolayers Langmuir 18 2002 519 523
129. E. Kim, Y.N. Xia, and G.M. Whitesides Polymer microstructures formed by molding in capillaries Nature 376 1995 581 584
130. W.J. Jo, S.K. Baek, and J.H. Park A wireless actuating drug delivery system J. Micromech. Microeng. 25 2015
131. H.P. Lee, and W. Ryu Wet microcontact printing (microCP) for micro-reservoir drug delivery systems Biofabrication 5 2013 025011
132. N. Ahmed, C. Dagdeviren, J.A. Rogers, and P.M. Ferreira Active polymeric composite membranes for localized actuation and sensing in microtransfer printing J. Microelectromech. Syst. 2014 1
133. A.C. Richards Grayson, I.S. Choi, B.M. Tyler, P.P. Wang, H. Brem, M.J. Cima, and R. Langer Multi-pulse drug delivery from a resorbable polymeric microchip device Nat. Mater. 2 2003 767 772
134. J. Cui, X. Zheng, W. Hou, Y. Zhuang, X. Pi, and J. Yang The study of a remote-controlled gastrointestinal drug delivery and sampling system Telemed. J. E. Health 14 2008 715 719
135. M. Koziolek, M. Grimm, D. Becker, V. Iordanov, H. Zou, J. Shimizu, C. Wanke, G. Garbacz, and W. Weitschies Investigation of pH and temperature profiles in the GI tract of fasted human subjects using the intellicap system J. Pharm. Sci. 2014 10.1002/jps.24274 [Epub ahead of print]
136. O.L. Strusi, P. Barata, D. Traini, P.M. Young, S. Mercuri, G. Colombo, F. Sonvico, R. Bettini, and P. Colombo Artesunate-clindamycin multi-kinetics and site-specific oral delivery system for antimalaric combination products J. Control. Release 146 2010 54 60
137. R. Farra, N.F. Sheppard Jr., L. McCabe, R.M. Neer, J.M. Anderson, J.T. Santini Jr., M.J. Cima, and R. Langer First-in-human testing of a wirelessly controlled drug delivery microchip Sci. Transl. Med. 4 2012 122ra121
138. J.H. Prescott, S. Lipka, S. Baldwin, N.F. Sheppard Jr., J.M. Maloney, J. Coppeta, B. Yomtov, M.A. Staples, and J.T. Santini Jr. Chronic, programmed polypeptide delivery from an implanted, multireservoir microchip device Nat. Biotechnol. 24 2006 437 438
139. J.M. Maloney, S.A. Uhland, B.F. Polito, N.F. Sheppard Jr., C.M. Pelta, and J.T. Santini Jr. Electrothermally activated microchips for implantable drug delivery and biosensing J. Control. Release 109 2005 244 255
140. Y. Li, R.S. Shawgo, B. Tyler, P.T. Henderson, J.S. Vogel, A. Rosenberg, P.B. Storm, R. Langer, H. Brem, and M.J. Cima In vivo release from a drug delivery MEMS device J. Control. Release 100 2004 211 219
141. Y. Li, H.L. Ho Duc, B. Tyler, T. Williams, M. Tupper, R. Langer, H. Brem, and M.J. Cima In vivo delivery of BCNU from a MEMS device to a tumor model J. Control. Release 106 2005 138 145
142. A.C. Richards Grayson, M.J. Cima, and R. Langer Molecular release from a polymeric microreservoir device: influence of chemistry, polymer swelling, and loading on device performance J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 69 2004 502 512
143. S.B. Tiwari, and A.R. Rajabi-Siahboomi Extended-release oral drug delivery technologies: monolithic matrix systems Methods Mol. Biol. 437 2008 217 243
144. A. Tieppo, C.J. White, A.C. Paine, M.L. Voyles, M.K. McBride, and M.E. Byrne Sustained in vivo release from imprinted therapeutic contact lenses J. Control. Release 157 2012 391 397
145. P. Schattling, F.D. Jochum, and P. Theato Multi-stimuli responsive polymers - the all-in-one talents Polym. Chem. 5 2014 25 36
146. Y. Qiu, and K. Park Environment-sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 53 2001 321 339
147. E. Cabane, X. Zhang, K. Langowska, C.G. Palivan, and W. Meier Stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications in nanomedicine Biointerphases 7 2012 9
148. A.M. Lowman, M. Morishita, M. Kajita, T. Nagai, and N.A. Peppas Oral delivery of insulin using pH-responsive complexation gels J. Pharm. Sci. 88 1999 933 937
149. X. Gao, Y. Cao, X. Song, Z. Zhang, X. Zhuang, C. He, and X. Chen Biodegradable, pH-responsive carboxymethyl cellulose/poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels for oral insulin delivery Macromol. Biosci. 14 2014 565 575
150. A.C. Foss, T. Goto, M. Morishita, and N.A. Peppas Development of acrylic-based copolymers for oral insulin delivery Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 57 2004 163 169
151. Y. Bai, Z. Zhang, A. Zhang, L. Chen, C. He, X. Zhuang, and X. Chen Novel thermo- and pH-responsive hydroxypropyl cellulose- and poly (l-glutamic acid)-based microgels for oral insulin controlled release Carbohydr. Polym. 89 2012 1207 1214
152. A. Popat, S. Jambhrunkar, J. Zhang, J. Yang, H.W. Zhang, A. Meka, and C.Z. Yu Programmable drug release using bioresponsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for site-specific oral drug delivery Chem. Commun. 50 2014 5547 5550
153. T.W. Wong, G. Colombo, and F. Sonvico Pectin matrix as oral drug delivery vehicle for colon cancer treatment AAPS PharmSciTech 12 2011 201 214
154. K. Vulic, and M.S. Shoichet Affinity-based drug delivery systems for tissue repair and regeneration Biomacromolecules 15 2014 3867 3880
155. G. Van den Mooter, B. Maris, C. Samyn, P. Augustijns, and R. Kinget Use of azo polymers for colon-specific drug delivery J. Pharm. Sci. 86 1997 1321 1327
156. V.R. Sinha, and R. Kumria Polysaccharides in colon-specific drug delivery Int. J. Pharm. 224 2001 19 38
157. W. Wu, and S. Zhou Responsive materials for self-regulated insulin delivery Macromol. Biosci. 13 2013 1464 1477
158. H. Yang, H. Liu, H. Kang, and W. Tan Engineering target-responsive hydrogels based on aptamer-target interactions J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 2008 6320 6321
159. T. Miyata, N. Asami, and T. Uragami Preparation of an antigen-sensitive hydrogel using antigen-antibody bindings Macromolecules 32 1999 2082 2084
160. P. Lulinski Molecularly imprinted polymers as the future drug delivery devices Acta Pol. Pharm. 70 2013 601 609
161. P. He, Z. Tang, L. Lin, M. Deng, X. Pang, X. Zhuang, and X. Chen Novel biodegradable and pH-sensitive poly(ester amide) microspheres for oral insulin delivery Macromol. Biosci. 12 2012 547 556
162. J.S. Woo, C.H. Lee, C.K. Shim, and S.J. Hwang Enhanced oral bioavailability of paclitaxel by coadministration of the P-glycoprotein inhibitor KR30031 Pharm. Res. 20 2003 24 30
163. P. Breedveld, J.H. Beijnen, and J.H. Schellens Use of P-glycoprotein and BCRP inhibitors to improve oral bioavailability and CNS penetration of anticancer drugs Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 27 2006 17 24
164. N. Akhtar, A. Ahad, R.K. Khar, M. Jaggi, M. Aqil, Z. Iqbal, F.J. Ahmad, and S. Talegaonkar The emerging role of P-glycoprotein inhibitors in drug delivery: a patent review Expert Opin. Ther. Pat. 21 2011 561 576
165. B.J. Aungst Absorption enhancers: applications and advances AAPS J. 14 2012 10 18
166. B.J. Aungst Intestinal permeation enhancers J. Pharm. Sci. 89 2000 429 442
167. K.R. Kam, L.A. Walsh, S.M. Bock, M. Koval, K.E. Fischer, R.F. Ross, and T.A. Desai Nanostructure-mediated transport of biologics across epithelial tissue: enhancing permeability via nanotopography Nano Lett. 13 2013 164 171
168. L. Walsh, J. Ryu, S. Bock, M. Koval, T. Mauro, R. Ross, and T. Desai Nanotopography facilitates in vivo transdermal delivery of high molecular weight therapeutics through an integrin-dependent mechanism Nano Lett. 15 2015 2434 2441
169. J.J. VanDersarl, A.M. Xu, and N.A. Melosh Nanostraws for direct fluidic intracellular access Nano Lett. 12 2012 3881 3886
170. A.K. Shalek, J.T. Robinson, E.S. Karp, J.S. Lee, D.R. Ahn, M.H. Yoon, A. Sutton, M. Jorgolli, R.S. Gertner, T.S. Gujral, G. MacBeath, E.G. Yang, and H. Park Vertical silicon nanowires as a universal platform for delivering biomolecules into living cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107 2010 1870 1875
171. A.K. Shalek, J.T. Gaublomme, L. Wang, N. Yosef, N. Chevrier, M.S. Andersen, J.T. Robinson, N. Pochet, D. Neuberg, R.S. Gertner, I. Amit, J.R. Brown, N. Hacohen, A. Regev, C.J. Wu, and H. Park Nanowire-mediated delivery enables functional interrogation of primary immune cells: application to the analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia Nano Lett. 12 2012 6498 6504
172. Z. Liu, M. Winters, M. Holodniy, and H. Dai siRNA delivery into human T cells and primary cells with carbon-nanotube transporters Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 46 2007 2023 2027
173. D. Cai, J.M. Mataraza, Z.H. Qin, Z. Huang, J. Huang, T.C. Chiles, D. Carnahan, K. Kempa, and Z. Ren Highly efficient molecular delivery into mammalian cells using carbon nanotube spearing Nat. Methods 2 2005 449 454
174. A.M. Xu, A. Aalipour, S. Leal-Ortiz, A.H. Mekhdjian, X. Xie, A.R. Dunn, C.C. Garner, and N.A. Melosh Quantification of nanowire penetration into living cells Nat. Commun. 5 2014 3613
175. X. Xie, A.M. Xu, M.R. Angle, N. Tayebi, P. Verma, and N.A. Melosh Mechanical model of vertical nanowire cell penetration Nano Lett. 13 2013 6002 6008
176. Y.R. Na, S.Y. Kim, J.T. Gaublomme, A.K. Shalek, M. Jorgolli, H. Park, and E.G. Yang Probing enzymatic activity inside living cells using a nanowire-cell "sandwich" assay Nano Lett. 13 2013 153 158