메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 1-2, 2007, Pages 67-109

Stabilization of nanoscale quasi-liquid interfacial films in inorganic materials: A review and critical assessment

Author keywords

Activated sintering; Equilibrium thickness; Intergranular films; Premelting; Prewetting; Surficial amorphous films

Indexed keywords

ADSORPTION; AMORPHOUS FILMS; CERAMIC MATERIALS; SINTERING; SURFACE CHEMISTRY; WETTING;

EID: 34249335714     PISSN: 10408436     EISSN: 15476561     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10408430701364388     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (177)

References (280)
  • 2
    • 34249330110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. M. Cannon, M. Rühle, M. J. Hoffmann, R. H. French, H. Gu, A. P. Tomsia, and E. Saiz, Adsorption and wetting mechanisms at ceramic grain boundaries, Ceramic Transactions, 118, Grain Boundary Engineering in Ceramics, T. Sakuma and Y. Ikuhara, Eds., 427 (2000).
    • R. M. Cannon, M. Rühle, M. J. Hoffmann, R. H. French, H. Gu, A. P. Tomsia, and E. Saiz, Adsorption and wetting mechanisms at ceramic grain boundaries, Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 118, Grain Boundary Engineering in Ceramics, T. Sakuma and Y. Ikuhara, Eds., 427 (2000).
  • 3
    • 0023126048 scopus 로고
    • On the equilibrium thickness of intergranular glass phases in ceramic materials
    • D. R. Clarke, On the equilibrium thickness of intergranular glass phases in ceramic materials, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 70, 15 (1987).
    • (1987) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.70 , pp. 15
    • Clarke, D.R.1
  • 4
    • 84986366949 scopus 로고
    • Possible electrical double-layer contribution to the equilibrium thickness of intergranular glass films in polycrystalline ceramics
    • D. R. Clarke, T. M. Shaw, A. P. Philipse, and R. G. Horn, Possible electrical double-layer contribution to the equilibrium thickness of intergranular glass films in polycrystalline ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 76, 1201 (1993).
    • (1993) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.76 , pp. 1201
    • Clarke, D.R.1    Shaw, T.M.2    Philipse, A.P.3    Horn, R.G.4
  • 5
    • 0033345134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High temperature colloidal behavior: Particles in liquid silicates
    • Cannon, R. M. and L. Esposito, High temperature colloidal behavior: Particles in liquid silicates, Zeitschrift Für Metallkunde 90, 1002 (1999).
    • (1999) Zeitschrift Für Metallkunde , vol.90 , pp. 1002
    • Cannon, R.M.1    Esposito, L.2
  • 8
    • 0034517439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Existence and stability of nanometer-thick disordered films on oxide surfaces
    • J. Luo and Y.-M. Chiang, Existence and stability of nanometer-thick disordered films on oxide surfaces, Acta Materialia 48, 4501 (2000).
    • (2000) Acta Materialia , vol.48 , pp. 4501
    • Luo, J.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2
  • 10
    • 23844530654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanometer-thick surficial films in oxides as a case of prewetting
    • J. Luo, Y.-M. Chiang, and R. M. Cannon, Nanometer-thick surficial films in oxides as a case of prewetting, Langmuir21, 7358 (2005).
    • (2005) Langmuir , vol.21 , pp. 7358
    • Luo, J.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2    Cannon, R.M.3
  • 11
    • 34249294726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inorganic nanoscale surficial films of self-selecting thickness
    • H. S. Nalwa and K. Ariga, Eds, American Scientific Publishers, Valencia, California, in press
    • J. Luo, Y.-M. Chiang, and R. M. Cannon, Inorganic nanoscale surficial films of self-selecting thickness, in Bottom-up nanofabrication: Superamolecules, self-assemblies and organized films, H. S. Nalwa and K. Ariga, Eds., American Scientific Publishers, Valencia, California, in press.
    • Bottom-up nanofabrication: Superamolecules, self-assemblies and organized films
    • Luo, J.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2    Cannon, R.M.3
  • 12
    • 28444470814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segregation-induced grain boundary premelting in nickel-doped tungsten
    • J. Luo, V. K. Gupta, D. H. Yoon, and H. M. Meyer, Segregation-induced grain boundary premelting in nickel-doped tungsten, Applied Physics Letters 87, 231902 (2005).
    • (2005) Applied Physics Letters , vol.87 , pp. 231902
    • Luo, J.1    Gupta, V.K.2    Yoon, D.H.3    Meyer, H.M.4
  • 13
    • 34247162392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin intergranular films and solid-state activated sintering in nickel-doped tungsten
    • V. K. Gupta, D. H. Yoon, Meyer H. M. III, and J. Luo, Thin intergranular films and solid-state activated sintering in nickel-doped tungsten, Acta Materialia, 55, 3131-3142 (2007).
    • (2007) Acta Materialia , vol.55 , pp. 3131-3142
    • Gupta, V.K.1    Yoon, D.H.2    Meyer III, H.M.3    Luo, J.4
  • 14
    • 0031186172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model experiment on thermodynamic stability of retained intergranular amorphous films
    • H. D. Ackler and Y.-M. Chiang, Model experiment on thermodynamic stability of retained intergranular amorphous films, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80, 1893 (1997).
    • (1997) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.80 , pp. 1893
    • Ackler, H.D.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2
  • 16
    • 0031703701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic stability of intergranular amorphous films in bismuth-doped zinc oxide
    • H. Wang and Y.-M. Chiang, Thermodynamic stability of intergranular amorphous films in bismuth-doped zinc oxide, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81, 89 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.81 , pp. 89
    • Wang, H.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2
  • 17
    • 0031713141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HREM and STEM of intergranular films at zinc oxide varistor grain boundaries
    • Y.-M. Chiang, H. Wang, and J.-R. Lee, HREM and STEM of intergranular films at zinc oxide varistor grain boundaries, Journal of Microscopy 191, 275 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of Microscopy , vol.191 , pp. 275
    • Chiang, Y.-M.1    Wang, H.2    Lee, J.-R.3
  • 19
    • 34249314237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. F. van der Veen, B. Pluis, and A. W. Denier, Surface melting, in Chemistry and Physics of Solid Surfaces, 7, R. Vanselow and R. F. Howe, Eds., Berlin Springer, 1988 (455).
    • J. F. van der Veen, B. Pluis, and A. W. Denier, Surface melting, in Chemistry and Physics of Solid Surfaces, Vol. 7, R. Vanselow and R. F. Howe, Eds., Berlin Springer, 1988 (455).
  • 21
    • 33749067576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences
    • J. G. Dash, A. M. Rempel, and J. S. Wettlaufer, The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences, Reviews of Modern Physics 78, 695 (2006).
    • (2006) Reviews of Modern Physics , vol.78 , pp. 695
    • Dash, J.G.1    Rempel, A.M.2    Wettlaufer, J.S.3
  • 26
    • 0000154360 scopus 로고
    • Multicriticality of wetting, prewetting, and surface transitions
    • H. Nakanishi and M. E. Fisher, Multicriticality of wetting, prewetting, and surface transitions, Physical Review Letters 49, 1565 (1982).
    • (1982) Physical Review Letters , vol.49 , pp. 1565
    • Nakanishi, H.1    Fisher, M.E.2
  • 27
    • 0001016407 scopus 로고
    • New phase-transition phenomena in thin argon films
    • C. Ebner and W. F. Saam, New phase-transition phenomena in thin argon films, Physical Review Letters 38, 1486 (1977).
    • (1977) Physical Review Letters , vol.38 , pp. 1486
    • Ebner, C.1    Saam, W.F.2
  • 32
    • 29444442423 scopus 로고
    • Surface melting of neon and argon films: Profile of the crystal-melt interface
    • D.-M. Zhu and J. G. Dash, Surface melting of neon and argon films: Profile of the crystal-melt interface, Physical Review Letters 60, 432 (1988).
    • (1988) Physical Review Letters , vol.60 , pp. 432
    • Zhu, D.-M.1    Dash, J.G.2
  • 33
    • 28344453673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is ice slippery?
    • R. Rosenberg, Why is ice slippery? Physics Today, 58(12), 50 (2005).
    • (2005) Physics Today , vol.58 , Issue.12 , pp. 50
    • Rosenberg, R.1
  • 35
    • 0000136381 scopus 로고
    • Surface-induced melting and freezing. I. Medium-energy ion scattering investigation of the melting of Pb(hkl) crystal faces
    • B. Pluis, A. W. D. van der Gon, J. F. van der Veen, and A. J. Riemersma, Surface-induced melting and freezing. I. Medium-energy ion scattering investigation of the melting of Pb(hkl) crystal faces, Surface Science 239, 265 (1990).
    • (1990) Surface Science , vol.239 , pp. 265
    • Pluis, B.1    van der Gon, A.W.D.2    van der Veen, J.F.3    Riemersma, A.J.4
  • 37
    • 0038929155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self diffusion in high-angle fee metal grain boundaries by molecular dynamics simulation
    • P. Keblinski, D. Wolf, S. R. Phillpot, and H. Gleiter, Self diffusion in high-angle fee metal grain boundaries by molecular dynamics simulation, Philosophical Magazine A 79, 2735 (1999).
    • (1999) Philosophical Magazine A , vol.79 , pp. 2735
    • Keblinski, P.1    Wolf, D.2    Phillpot, S.R.3    Gleiter, H.4
  • 38
    • 0035198801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-temperature structure and properties of grain boundaries: Long-range vs. short-range structural effects
    • D. Wolf, High-temperature structure and properties of grain boundaries: Long-range vs. short-range structural effects, Current Opinion in Solid State and Material Sciences 5, 435 (2001).
    • (2001) Current Opinion in Solid State and Material Sciences , vol.5 , pp. 435
    • Wolf, D.1
  • 39
    • 20644445184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomic mechanisms of grain boundary diffusion: Low versus high temperatures
    • A. Suzuki and Y. Mishin, Atomic mechanisms of grain boundary diffusion: Low versus high temperatures, Journal of Materials Science 40, 3155 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of Materials Science , vol.40 , pp. 3155
    • Suzuki, A.1    Mishin, Y.2
  • 40
    • 6144246963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic criterion for the stability of amorphous intergranular films in covalent materials
    • P. Keblinski, S. R. Phillpot, and D. Wolf, Thermodynamic criterion for the stability of amorphous intergranular films in covalent materials, Physical Review Letters 77, 2965 (1996).
    • (1996) Physical Review Letters , vol.77 , pp. 2965
    • Keblinski, P.1    Phillpot, S.R.2    Wolf, D.3
  • 42
    • 0039860483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamically stable amorphous intergranular films in nanocrystalline silicon
    • P. Keblinski, S. R. Phillpot, D. Wolf, and H. Gleiter, Thermodynamically stable amorphous intergranular films in nanocrystalline silicon, Physics Letters A 226, 205 (1997).
    • (1997) Physics Letters A , vol.226 , pp. 205
    • Keblinski, P.1    Phillpot, S.R.2    Wolf, D.3    Gleiter, H.4
  • 43
    • 0037089353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase field model of premelting of grain boundaries
    • Lobkovsky, A. E. and J. A. Warren, Phase field model of premelting of grain boundaries, Physica D 164, 202 (2002).
    • (2002) Physica D , vol.164 , pp. 202
    • Lobkovsky, A.E.1    Warren, J.A.2
  • 44
    • 33244482483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse interface model for structural transitions of grain boundaries
    • M. Tang, W. C. Carter, and R. M. Cannon, Diffuse interface model for structural transitions of grain boundaries, Physical Review B 73, 024102 (2006).
    • (2006) Physical Review B , vol.73 , pp. 024102
    • Tang, M.1    Carter, W.C.2    Cannon, R.M.3
  • 46
    • 41349103401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abrupt grain boundary melting in ice
    • L. Benatov and J. S. Wettlaufer, Abrupt grain boundary melting in ice, Physical Review E 70, 061606 (2004).
    • (2004) Physical Review E , vol.70 , pp. 061606
    • Benatov, L.1    Wettlaufer, J.S.2
  • 47
    • 0024685934 scopus 로고
    • Experimental study of grain boundary melting in aluminum
    • T. E. Hsieh and R. W. Balluffi, Experimental study of grain boundary melting in aluminum, Acta Metallurgies 37, 1637 (1989).
    • (1989) Acta Metallurgies , vol.37 , pp. 1637
    • Hsieh, T.E.1    Balluffi, R.W.2
  • 50
    • 4444361249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of interface premelting at grain-boundary precipitates of Pb in Al
    • U. Dahmen, S. Hagege, F.Faudot, T. Radetic, and E. Johnson, Observations of interface premelting at grain-boundary precipitates of Pb in Al, Philosophical Magazine 84, 2651, 2004.
    • (2004) Philosophical Magazine , vol.84 , pp. 2651
    • Dahmen, U.1    Hagege, S.2    Faudot, F.3    Radetic, T.4    Johnson, E.5
  • 53
    • 0029733828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for a wetting transition in liquid Ga-Pb alloys
    • D. Chatain and P. Wynblatt, Experimental evidence for a wetting transition in liquid Ga-Pb alloys, Surface Science 345, 85 (1996).
    • (1996) Surface Science , vol.345 , pp. 85
    • Chatain, D.1    Wynblatt, P.2
  • 55
    • 34547793793 scopus 로고
    • New reentrant wetting phenomena and critical behavior near bulk critical points
    • C. Ebner and W. F. Saam, New reentrant wetting phenomena and critical behavior near bulk critical points, Physical Review Letters 58, 588 (1987).
    • (1987) Physical Review Letters , vol.58 , pp. 588
    • Ebner, C.1    Saam, W.F.2
  • 57
    • 0000812360 scopus 로고
    • Systematics of multilayer adsorption phenomena on attractive substrates
    • R. Pandit, M. Schick, and M. Wortis, Systematics of multilayer adsorption phenomena on attractive substrates, Physical Review E 26, 5112 (1982).
    • (1982) Physical Review E , vol.26 , pp. 5112
    • Pandit, R.1    Schick, M.2    Wortis, M.3
  • 59
    • 0033321580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic aspects of the grain boundary segregation in Cu(Bi) alloys
    • L. S. Chang, E. Rabkin, B. B. Straumal, B. Baretzky, and W. Gust, Thermodynamic aspects of the grain boundary segregation in Cu(Bi) alloys Acta Materialia 47, 4041 (1999).
    • (1999) Acta Materialia , vol.47 , pp. 4041
    • Chang, L.S.1    Rabkin, E.2    Straumal, B.B.3    Baretzky, B.4    Gust, W.5
  • 62
    • 0026111124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • F. Brochard-Wyart, di Meglio, J.-M., Quéré, D., and de P. G. Gennes, Spreading of nonvolatile liquids in a continuum picture, Langmuir 7, 335 (1991).
    • F. Brochard-Wyart, di Meglio, J.-M., Quéré, D., and de P. G. Gennes, Spreading of nonvolatile liquids in a continuum picture, Langmuir 7, 335 (1991).
  • 64
    • 0942277370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudopartial wetting and precursor film growth in immiscible metal systems
    • J. Moon, S. Garoff, P. Wynblatt, and R. Suter, Pseudopartial wetting and precursor film growth in immiscible metal systems, Langmuir 20, 402 (2004).
    • (2004) Langmuir , vol.20 , pp. 402
    • Moon, J.1    Garoff, S.2    Wynblatt, P.3    Suter, R.4
  • 65
    • 0035426038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. Moon, J. Lowekamp, P. Wynblatt, G. Stephen, and R. M. Suter, Effects of concentration dependent diffusivity on the growth of precursing films of Pb on Cu(1 1 1), Surface Science 488, 73 (2001).
    • J. Moon, J. Lowekamp, P. Wynblatt, G. Stephen, and R. M. Suter, Effects of concentration dependent diffusivity on the growth of precursing films of Pb on Cu(1 1 1), Surface Science 488, 73 (2001).
  • 68
    • 10844264582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging and microanalysis of liquid phase sintered silicon-based ceramic microstructures
    • L. K. L. Falk, Imaging and microanalysis of liquid phase sintered silicon-based ceramic microstructures, Journal of Materials Science 39, 6655 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of Materials Science , vol.39 , pp. 6655
    • Falk, L.K.L.1
  • 69
    • 33645897992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calciapartition in phase-separated intergranular glass and interfaces in doped silicon nitride produced by hot isostatic pressing
    • H. Gu, R. M. Cannon, I. Tanaka, and M. Rühle, Calciapartition in phase-separated intergranular glass and interfaces in doped silicon nitride produced by hot isostatic pressing, Materials Science and Engineering A 422, 51 (2006).
    • (2006) Materials Science and Engineering A , vol.422 , pp. 51
    • Gu, H.1    Cannon, R.M.2    Tanaka, I.3    Rühle, M.4
  • 70
    • 0242334617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy of the intergranular structure of a Y203-containing silicon nitride ceramic
    • A. Ziegler, C. Kisielowski, M. J. Hoffmann, and R. O. Ritchie, Atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy of the intergranular structure of a Y203-containing silicon nitride ceramic, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86, 1777 (2003).
    • (2003) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.86 , pp. 1777
    • Ziegler, A.1    Kisielowski, C.2    Hoffmann, M.J.3    Ritchie, R.O.4
  • 74
    • 0031998238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and chemical width of ultra-thin amorphous films at grain boundaries in silicon nitride
    • H. Gu, R. M. Cannon, and M. Rühle, Composition and chemical width of ultra-thin amorphous films at grain boundaries in silicon nitride, Journal of Materials Research 13, 476 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of Materials Research , vol.13 , pp. 476
    • Gu, H.1    Cannon, R.M.2    Rühle, M.3
  • 75
    • 0000364444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopant distribution in grain-boundary films in calcia-doped silicon nitride ceramics
    • H. Gu, X. Pan, R. M. Cannon, and M. Rühle, Dopant distribution in grain-boundary films in calcia-doped silicon nitride ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81, 3125 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.81 , pp. 3125
    • Gu, H.1    Pan, X.2    Cannon, R.M.3    Rühle, M.4
  • 76
    • 0032662955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution electron microscopy investigation of viscous flow creep in a high-purity silicon nitride
    • Q. Jin, D. S. Wilkinson, and G. C. Weatherly, High-resolution electron microscopy investigation of viscous flow creep in a high-purity silicon nitride, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82, 1492 (1999).
    • (1999) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.82 , pp. 1492
    • Jin, Q.1    Wilkinson, D.S.2    Weatherly, G.C.3
  • 82
    • 0033226194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of Si-12,3 edge electron energy loss near edge structures (ELNES) from intergranular glassy film of Si3N4 ceramics
    • M. Yoshiya, H. Adachi, and I. Tanaka, Interpretation of Si-12,3 edge electron energy loss near edge structures (ELNES) from intergranular glassy film of Si3N4 ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82, 3231 (1999).
    • (1999) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.82 , pp. 3231
    • Yoshiya, M.1    Adachi, H.2    Tanaka, I.3
  • 83
    • 1942455803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of rare-earth segregation in silicon nitride ceramics at subnanometre dimensions
    • N. Shibata, S. J. Pennycook, T. R. Gosnell, G. S. Painter, W. A. Shelton, and P. F. Becher, Observation of rare-earth segregation in silicon nitride ceramics at subnanometre dimensions, Nature 428, 730 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 730
    • Shibata, N.1    Pennycook, S.J.2    Gosnell, T.R.3    Painter, G.S.4    Shelton, W.A.5    Becher, P.F.6
  • 85
    • 0026910447 scopus 로고
    • Influence of secondary phase chemistry on grain boundary film thickness in silicon nitride
    • H.-J. Kleebe, M. J. Hoffman, and M. Rühle, Influence of secondary phase chemistry on grain boundary film thickness in silicon nitride, Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde 83, 610 (1992).
    • (1992) Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde , vol.83 , pp. 610
    • Kleebe, H.-J.1    Hoffman, M.J.2    Rühle, M.3
  • 86
    • 0001339615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain-boundary films in silicon nitride ceramic at high temperature
    • A. P. Tomsia and A. Glaeser, Eds, Plenum, New York
    • M. K. Cinibulk and H.-J. Kleebe, Grain-boundary films in silicon nitride ceramic at high temperature, in Ceramic Microstructure: Control at the Atomic Level, A. P. Tomsia and A. Glaeser, Eds., Plenum, New York, 1998 (123).
    • (1998) Ceramic Microstructure: Control at the Atomic Level , Issue.123
    • Cinibulk, M.K.1    Kleebe, H.-J.2
  • 87
    • 0027544112 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative comparison of TEM techniques for determining amorphous intergranular film thickness
    • M. K. Cinibulk, H.-J. Kleebe, and M. Rühle, Quantitative comparison of TEM techniques for determining amorphous intergranular film thickness, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 76, 426 (1993).
    • (1993) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.76 , pp. 426
    • Cinibulk, M.K.1    Kleebe, H.-J.2    Rühle, M.3
  • 89
    • 0017554683 scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary phases in a hot-pressed MgO fluxed silicon nitride
    • D. R. Clarke and G. Thomas, Grain boundary phases in a hot-pressed MgO fluxed silicon nitride, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 60, 491 (1977).
    • (1977) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.60 , pp. 491
    • Clarke, D.R.1    Thomas, G.2
  • 91
    • 0027701939 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oxidation on intergranular phases in silicon nitride ceramics
    • M. K. Cinibulk and H.-J. Kleebe, Effects of oxidation on intergranular phases in silicon nitride ceramics, Journal of Materials Science 28, 5775 (1993).
    • (1993) Journal of Materials Science , vol.28 , pp. 5775
    • Cinibulk, M.K.1    Kleebe, H.-J.2
  • 92
    • 0033704535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and inherent viscosity of glasses segregated at grain boundaries of silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramics
    • G. Pezzotti, T. Wakasugi, T. Nishida, R. Ota, Kleebe, H.-J., and K. Ota, Chemistry and inherent viscosity of glasses segregated at grain boundaries of silicon nitride and silicon carbide ceramics, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 271, 79 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids , vol.271 , pp. 79
    • Pezzotti, G.1    Wakasugi, T.2    Nishida, T.3    Ota, R.4    Kleebe, H.-J.5    Ota, K.6
  • 94
    • 0028056267 scopus 로고
    • HREM and AEM studies of Yb2O3-fluxed silicon nitride ceramics with and without CaO addition
    • H.-J. Kleebe, J. Bruley, and M. Rühle, HREM and AEM studies of Yb2O3-fluxed silicon nitride ceramics with and without CaO addition, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 14, 1 (1994).
    • (1994) Journal of the European Ceramic Society , vol.14 , pp. 1
    • Kleebe, H.-J.1    Bruley, J.2    Rühle, M.3
  • 95
    • 0028342255 scopus 로고
    • High-resolution electron microscopy studies on Si3N4 ceramics
    • H.-J. Kleebe, High-resolution electron microscopy studies on Si3N4 ceramics, Key Engineering Materials, 89-91, 339 (1994).
    • (1994) Key Engineering Materials , vol.89-91 , pp. 339
    • Kleebe, H.-J.1
  • 96
  • 97
    • 0031096725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface structure of a chlorine-doped Si3N4 studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
    • H.-J. Kleebe, G. Pezzotti, and T. Nishida, Interface structure of a chlorine-doped Si3N4 studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Journal of Materials Science Letters 16, 453 (1997).
    • (1997) Journal of Materials Science Letters , vol.16 , pp. 453
    • Kleebe, H.-J.1    Pezzotti, G.2    Nishida, T.3
  • 98
    • 4344692301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature-dependent viscosity of SiREAl-based glasses as a function of N:O and re: Al ratios (re = La, Gd, Y, and Lu)
    • P. F. Becher and M. K. Ferber, Temperature-dependent viscosity of SiREAl-based glasses as a function of N:O and re: Al ratios (re = La, Gd, Y, and Lu), Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87, 1274 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.87 , pp. 1274
    • Becher, P.F.1    Ferber, M.K.2
  • 99
    • 27644584127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct observations of debonding of reinforcing grains in silicon nitride ceramics sintered with yttria plus alumina additives
    • P. F. Becher, G. S. Painter, M. J. Lance, S. Li, and Y. Ikuhara, Direct observations of debonding of reinforcing grains in silicon nitride ceramics sintered with yttria plus alumina additives, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88, 1222 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.88 , pp. 1222
    • Becher, P.F.1    Painter, G.S.2    Lance, M.J.3    Li, S.4    Ikuhara, Y.5
  • 104
    • 0242270938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural characterization and high-temperature strength of hot-pressed silicon nitride ceramics with Lu2O3 additives
    • S. Guo, N. Hirosaki, Y. Yamamoto, T. Nishimura, Y. Kitami, and M. Mitomo, Microstructural characterization and high-temperature strength of hot-pressed silicon nitride ceramics with Lu2O3 additives, Philosophical Magazine Letters 83, 357, 2003.
    • (2003) Philosophical Magazine Letters , vol.83 , pp. 357
    • Guo, S.1    Hirosaki, N.2    Yamamoto, Y.3    Nishimura, T.4    Kitami, Y.5    Mitomo, M.6
  • 105
    • 0032157346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of grain boundary films in liquid phase sintered silicon nitride during high-temperature testing
    • S. Stemmer, G. Roebben, and van der O. Biest, Evolution of grain boundary films in liquid phase sintered silicon nitride during high-temperature testing, Acta Materialia 46, 5599 (1998).
    • (1998) Acta Materialia , vol.46 , pp. 5599
    • Stemmer, S.1    Roebben, G.2    Biest, V.D.O.3
  • 107
    • 0025460836 scopus 로고
    • Impurity distribution in poly-crystalline aluminum nitride ceramics
    • D. L. Callahan and G. Thomas, Impurity distribution in poly-crystalline aluminum nitride ceramics Journal of the American Ceramic Society 73, 2167 (1990).
    • (1990) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.73 , pp. 2167
    • Callahan, D.L.1    Thomas, G.2
  • 108
    • 0027047790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H.-J. Kleebe, SiC and Si3N4 materials with improved fracture resistance. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 10, 151 (1992).
    • H.-J. Kleebe, SiC and Si3N4 materials with improved fracture resistance. Journal of the European Ceramic Society 10, 151 (1992).
  • 109
    • 0034251462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of grain-boundary structure on the strength, toughness, and cyclic-fatigue properties of a monolithic silicon carbide
    • D. Chen, X.-R Zhang, and R. O. Ritchie, Effects of grain-boundary structure on the strength, toughness, and cyclic-fatigue properties of a monolithic silicon carbide, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83, 2079 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.83 , pp. 2079
    • Chen, D.1    Zhang, X.-R.2    Ritchie, R.O.3
  • 110
    • 3142775709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of intergranular amorphous films during the microstructural development of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide ceramics
    • E. Volz, A. Roosen, S.-C. Wang, and W.-C. J. Wei, Formation of intergranular amorphous films during the microstructural development of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide ceramics, Journal of Materials Science 39, 4095 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of Materials Science , vol.39 , pp. 4095
    • Volz, E.1    Roosen, A.2    Wang, S.-C.3    Wei, W.-C.J.4
  • 111
    • 0034508789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the grain boundary phase on the elevated-temperature strength, toughness, fatigue and creep resistance of silicon carbide sintered with Al, b, and c
    • D. Chen, M. E. Sixta, Zhang, X.-F., L. C. DeJonghe, and R. O. Ritchie, Role of the grain boundary phase on the elevated-temperature strength, toughness, fatigue and creep resistance of silicon carbide sintered with Al, b, and c, Acta Materialia 48, 4599 (2000).
    • (2000) Acta Materialia , vol.48 , pp. 4599
    • Chen, D.1    Sixta, M.E.2    Zhang, X.-F.3    DeJonghe, L.C.4    Ritchie, R.O.5
  • 112
    • 0242413070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface characteristics affecting electrical properties of Y-doped SiC
    • R Siegelin, Kleebe, H.-J., and L. S. Sigl, Interface characteristics affecting electrical properties of Y-doped SiC, Journal of Materials Research 18, 2608 (2003).
    • (2003) Journal of Materials Research , vol.18 , pp. 2608
    • Siegelin, R.1    Kleebe, H.-J.2    Sigl, L.S.3
  • 114
    • 0001103660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural development during liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide ceramics
    • L. K. L. Ralk, Microstructural development during liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide ceramics, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 17, 983 (1997).
    • (1997) Journal of the European Ceramic Society , vol.17 , pp. 983
    • Ralk, L.K.L.1
  • 115
    • 0742286214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal modification of microstructures and grain boundaries in silicon carbide
    • X. R Zhang and L. C. De Jonghe, Thermal modification of microstructures and grain boundaries in silicon carbide, Journal of Materials Research 18, 2807 (2003).
    • (2003) Journal of Materials Research , vol.18 , pp. 2807
    • Zhang, X.R.1    De Jonghe, L.C.2
  • 116
    • 33845454565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-range order in nanoscale amorphous intergranular films in liquid-phase sintered silicon carbide
    • X. F. Zhang and R. M. Wang, Short-range order in nanoscale amorphous intergranular films in liquid-phase sintered silicon carbide, Applied Physics Letters 89, 211902 (2006).
    • (2006) Applied Physics Letters , vol.89 , pp. 211902
    • Zhang, X.F.1    Wang, R.M.2
  • 117
    • 4644244323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aluminum-containing inter-granular phases in hot-pressed silicon carbide
    • X. F. Zhang and L. C. De Jonghe, Aluminum-containing inter-granular phases in hot-pressed silicon carbide, Journal of Materials Research 19, 2510 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of Materials Research , vol.19 , pp. 2510
    • Zhang, X.F.1    De Jonghe, L.C.2
  • 119
    • 0001576023 scopus 로고
    • Forces between aluminum, oxide grains in a silicate melt and their effect on grain boundary wetting
    • T. M. Shaw and P. R. Duncombe, Forces between aluminum, oxide grains in a silicate melt and their effect on grain boundary wetting, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 74, 2495 (1991).
    • (1991) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.74 , pp. 2495
    • Shaw, T.M.1    Duncombe, P.R.2
  • 121
    • 0001109303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of initial microstructure on final intergranular phase distribution in liquid phase sintered ceramics
    • H. D. Ackler and Y.-M. Chiang, Effect of initial microstructure on final intergranular phase distribution in liquid phase sintered ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82, 183 (1999).
    • (1999) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.82 , pp. 183
    • Ackler, H.D.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2
  • 122
    • 0029273744 scopus 로고
    • Microstructural examination of a superplastic yttria-stabilized zirconia: Implications for the superplasticity mechanism
    • S. Primdahl, A. Tholen, and T. G. Langdon, Microstructural examination of a superplastic yttria-stabilized zirconia: Implications for the superplasticity mechanism, Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 43, 1211(1995).
    • (1995) Acta Metallurgica et Materialia , vol.43 , pp. 1211
    • Primdahl, S.1    Tholen, A.2    Langdon, T.G.3
  • 123
  • 124
    • 0022695075 scopus 로고
    • Intergranular films and pore surfaces in synroc c: Structure, composition, dissolution characteristics
    • J. A, Cooper, D. R. Cousens, S. Myhra, and R. S. C. Smart, Intergranular films and pore surfaces in synroc c: Structure, composition, dissolution characteristics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 69, 347 (1986).
    • (1986) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.69 , pp. 347
    • Cooper, J.A.1    Cousens, D.R.2    Myhra, S.3    Smart, R.S.C.4
  • 126
    • 2942635454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic formation and thickening of intergranular amorphous films at grain boundaries in barium titanate
    • S.-Y. Choi, D.-Y Yoon, and S.-J. L. Kang, Kinetic formation and thickening of intergranular amorphous films at grain boundaries in barium titanate, Acta Materialia 52, 3721 (2004).
    • (2004) Acta Materialia , vol.52 , pp. 3721
    • Choi, S.-Y.1    Yoon, D.-Y.2    Kang, S.-J.L.3
  • 127
    • 2642575898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sintering kinetics by structural transition at grain boundaries in barium, titanate
    • S.-Y. Choi and S.-J. L. Kang, Sintering kinetics by structural transition at grain boundaries in barium, titanate, Acta Materialia 52, 2937 (2004).
    • (2004) Acta Materialia , vol.52 , pp. 2937
    • Choi, S.-Y.1    Kang, S.-J.L.2
  • 129
    • 0037425412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular amorphous films and dislocations-promoted grain growth in SrTi03
    • S.-Y. Chung and S.-J. L. Kang, Intergranular amorphous films and dislocations-promoted grain growth in SrTi03, Acta Materialia 51, 2345 (2003).
    • (2003) Acta Materialia , vol.51 , pp. 2345
    • Chung, S.-Y.1    Kang, S.-J.L.2
  • 130
  • 131
    • 20144364126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of TiO2-SiO2 distribution on bimodal microstructure of TiO2-doped alpha-A1203 ceramics
    • M. Chi, H. Gu, P. Qian, X. Wang, and P. Wang, Effect of TiO2-SiO2 distribution on bimodal microstructure of TiO2-doped alpha-A1203 ceramics Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde 96, 486 (2005).
    • (2005) Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde , vol.96 , pp. 486
    • Chi, M.1    Gu, H.2    Qian, P.3    Wang, X.4    Wang, P.5
  • 132
    • 2042421497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the microstructure and mechanical properties of two liquid phase sintered aluminas containing different molar ratios of calcia-silica sintering additives
    • P. Svancarek, D. Galusek, C. Calvert, F. Loughran, A. Brown, R. Brydson, and F. Riley, A comparison of the microstructure and mechanical properties of two liquid phase sintered aluminas containing different molar ratios of calcia-silica sintering additives, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 24, 3453, 2004.
    • (2004) Journal of the European Ceramic Society , vol.24 , pp. 3453
    • Svancarek, P.1    Galusek, D.2    Calvert, C.3    Loughran, F.4    Brown, A.5    Brydson, R.6    Riley, F.7
  • 133
    • 33748977139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructure-stress relationships in liquid-phase sintered alumina modified by the addition of 5 wt.% of calcia-silica additives
    • P. Svancarek, D. Galusek, F. Loughran, A. Brown, R. Brydson, A. Atkinson, and F. Riley, Microstructure-stress relationships in liquid-phase sintered alumina modified by the addition of 5 wt.% of calcia-silica additives, Acta Materialia 54, 4853 (2006).
    • (2006) Acta Materialia , vol.54 , pp. 4853
    • Svancarek, P.1    Galusek, D.2    Loughran, F.3    Brown, A.4    Brydson, R.5    Atkinson, A.6    Riley, F.7
  • 134
    • 0035295263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of CaO-SiO2 ratio on the chemistry of intergranular films in liquid-phase sintered alumina and implications for rate of erosive wear
    • R. Brydson, P. C. Twigg, F. Loughran, and F. L. Riley, Influence of CaO-SiO2 ratio on the chemistry of intergranular films in liquid-phase sintered alumina and implications for rate of erosive wear, Journal of Materials Research 16, 652 (2001).
    • (2001) Journal of Materials Research , vol.16 , pp. 652
    • Brydson, R.1    Twigg, P.C.2    Loughran, F.3    Riley, F.L.4
  • 135
    • 13444272288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cooling rate on the location and chemistry of glassy phases in silica-doped 3y-TZP ceramics
    • L. Gremillard, T. Epicier, J. Chevalier, and G. Fantozzi, Effect of cooling rate on the location and chemistry of glassy phases in silica-doped 3y-TZP ceramics, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 25, 875 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of the European Ceramic Society , vol.25 , pp. 875
    • Gremillard, L.1    Epicier, T.2    Chevalier, J.3    Fantozzi, G.4
  • 137
    • 0032966755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of intergranular phases in ceramic nanocomposites
    • H. K. Schmid, Identification of intergranular phases in ceramic nanocomposites, Journal of Microscopy-Oxford 194, 192 (1999).
    • (1999) Journal of Microscopy-Oxford , vol.194 , pp. 192
    • Schmid, H.K.1
  • 138
    • 0036722301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boron nitride-silicon carbide interphase boundaries in silicon nitride-silicon carbide particulate composites
    • Knowles, K. M. and S. Turan, Boron nitride-silicon carbide interphase boundaries in silicon nitride-silicon carbide particulate composites, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 22, 1587 (2002).
    • (2002) Journal of the European Ceramic Society , vol.22 , pp. 1587
    • Knowles, K.M.1    Turan, S.2
  • 139
    • 13444269039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular films at metal-ceramic interfaces part ii - calculation of Hamaker coefficient
    • A. Avishai and W. D. Kaplan, Intergranular films at metal-ceramic interfaces part ii - calculation of Hamaker coefficient, Acta Materialia 53, 1571 2005.
    • (2005) Acta Materialia , vol.53 , pp. 1571
    • Avishai, A.1    Kaplan, W.D.2
  • 140
    • 13444260848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular films at metal-ceramic interfaces part I - interface structure and chemistry
    • A. Avishai, C. Scheu, and W. D. Kaplan, Intergranular films at metal-ceramic interfaces part I - interface structure and chemistry, Acta Materialia 53, 1559 2005.
    • (2005) Acta Materialia , vol.53 , pp. 1559
    • Avishai, A.1    Scheu, C.2    Kaplan, W.D.3
  • 141
    • 0035297470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equilibrium amorphous silicon-calcium-oxygen films at interfaces in copper-alumina composite prepared by melt infiltration
    • C. Scheu, G. Dehm, and W. D. Kaplan, Equilibrium amorphous silicon-calcium-oxygen films at interfaces in copper-alumina composite prepared by melt infiltration, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84, 623 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.84 , pp. 623
    • Scheu, C.1    Dehm, G.2    Kaplan, W.D.3
  • 142
    • 2342556587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular films in metal-ceramic composites and the promotion of metal particle occlusion
    • A. Avishai and W. D. Kaplan, Intergranular films in metal-ceramic composites and the promotion of metal particle occlusion, Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde 95, 266 (2004).
    • (2004) Zeitschrift Fur Metallkunde , vol.95 , pp. 266
    • Avishai, A.1    Kaplan, W.D.2
  • 144
    • 34249304274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular films at au-sapphire interfaces
    • M. Baram and W. D. Kaplan, Intergranular films at au-sapphire interfaces, Journal of Materials Science 41, 7775 (2006).
    • (2006) Journal of Materials Science , vol.41 , pp. 7775
    • Baram, M.1    Kaplan, W.D.2
  • 145
    • 0030215997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface structure of Si3N4-whisker-reinforced Al-mg-Si alloy (Al alloy 6061) composites studied by high resolution electron microscopy
    • H. G. Jeong, K. Hiraga, M. Mabuchi, and K. Higashi, Interface structure of Si3N4-whisker-reinforced Al-mg-Si alloy (Al alloy 6061) composites studied by high resolution electron microscopy, Philosophical Magazine Letters 74, 73 (1996).
    • (1996) Philosophical Magazine Letters , vol.74 , pp. 73
    • Jeong, H.G.1    Hiraga, K.2    Mabuchi, M.3    Higashi, K.4
  • 147
    • 34249314236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpublished results
    • H. Qian and J. Luo, Unpublished results (2006).
    • (2006)
    • Qian, H.1    Luo, J.2
  • 148
    • 0001163949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impurity effects in the premelting of ice
    • J. S. Wettlaufer, Impurity effects in the premelting of ice, Physical Review Letters 82, 2516 (1999).
    • (1999) Physical Review Letters , vol.82 , pp. 2516
    • Wettlaufer, J.S.1
  • 151
    • 0036346815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of width and composition of grain-boundary film in a high-purity silicon nitride with minimal silica
    • H. Gu, Variation of width and composition of grain-boundary film in a high-purity silicon nitride with minimal silica, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85, 33 (2002).
    • (2002) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.85 , pp. 33
    • Gu, H.1
  • 152
    • 34249311453 scopus 로고
    • Unpublished results
    • J. R. Lee and Y.-M. Chiang, Unpublished results (1995).
    • (1995)
    • Lee, J.R.1    Chiang, Y.-M.2
  • 153
    • 0024640782 scopus 로고
    • Effect of heat treatments on the wetting behavior of bismuth-rich intergranular phases in ZnO:Bi:Co varistors
    • J. P. Gambino, Effect of heat treatments on the wetting behavior of bismuth-rich intergranular phases in ZnO:Bi:Co varistors, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 72, 642, 1989.
    • (1989) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.72 , pp. 642
    • Gambino, J.P.1
  • 154
    • 0022044164 scopus 로고
    • Microstructures of SrTiO3 internal boundary layer capacitors during and after processing and resultant electrical properties
    • M. Fujimoto and W. D. Kingery, Microstructures of SrTiO3 internal boundary layer capacitors during and after processing and resultant electrical properties., Journal of the American Ceramic Society 68, 169 (1985).
    • (1985) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.68 , pp. 169
    • Fujimoto, M.1    Kingery, W.D.2
  • 156
    • 0031351685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solute segregation at grain boundaries in superplastic SiO2-doped TZP
    • Y. Ikuhara, P. Thavorniti, and T. Takuma, Solute segregation at grain boundaries in superplastic SiO2-doped TZP, Acta Materialia 45, 5275 (1997).
    • (1997) Acta Materialia , vol.45 , pp. 5275
    • Ikuhara, Y.1    Thavorniti, P.2    Takuma, T.3
  • 157
    • 0032208089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microstructural characterization of superplastic SiO2-doped TZP with a small amount of oxide addition
    • P. Thavorniti, Y. Ikuhara, and T. Takuma, Microstructural characterization of superplastic SiO2-doped TZP with a small amount of oxide addition, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81, 2927 (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.81 , pp. 2927
    • Thavorniti, P.1    Ikuhara, Y.2    Takuma, T.3
  • 160
    • 1942487411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomistic structure of calcium silicate intergranular films between prism and basal planes in silicon nitride: A molecular dynamics study
    • X. Su and S. H. Garofalini, Atomistic structure of calcium silicate intergranular films between prism and basal planes in silicon nitride: A molecular dynamics study, Journal of Materials Research 19, 752 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of Materials Research , vol.19 , pp. 752
    • Su, X.1    Garofalini, S.H.2
  • 161
    • 0031199954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomistic structure of calcium silicate intergranular films in alumina studied by molecular dynamics simulations
    • S. Blonski and S. H. Garofalini, Atomistic structure of calcium silicate intergranular films in alumina studied by molecular dynamics simulations, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 80 1997 (1997).
    • (1997) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.80 , pp. 1997
    • Blonski, S.1    Garofalini, S.H.2
  • 162
    • 0242303082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulations of calcium silicate intergranular films between silicon nitride crystals
    • S. Garofalini and W. Luo, Molecular dynamics simulations of calcium silicate intergranular films between silicon nitride crystals, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86, 1741 (2003).
    • (2003) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.86 , pp. 1741
    • Garofalini, S.1    Luo, W.2
  • 163
    • 20544454793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of interphase mixing on the structure of calcium silicate intergranular film/silicon nitride crystal interfaces
    • X. T. Su and S. H. Garofalini, Effect of interphase mixing on the structure of calcium silicate intergranular film/silicon nitride crystal interfaces, Journal of Applied Physics 97, 113526 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of Applied Physics , vol.97 , pp. 113526
    • Su, X.T.1    Garofalini, S.H.2
  • 164
    • 20544456035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics computer simulations of the interface structure of calcium-alumino-silicate intergranular films between combined basal and prism planes of alpha-A12O3
    • S. H. Zhang and S. H. Garofalini, Molecular dynamics computer simulations of the interface structure of calcium-alumino-silicate intergranular films between combined basal and prism planes of alpha-A12O3, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88, 202 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.88 , pp. 202
    • Zhang, S.H.1    Garofalini, S.H.2
  • 165
    • 33646088355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuum modelling and representations of interfaces and their transitions in materials
    • C. M. Bishop, M. Tang, R. M. Cannon, and W. C. Carter, Continuum modelling and representations of interfaces and their transitions in materials, Materials Science and Engineering A 422, 102 (2006).
    • (2006) Materials Science and Engineering A , vol.422 , pp. 102
    • Bishop, C.M.1    Tang, M.2    Cannon, R.M.3    Carter, W.C.4
  • 166
    • 25444494132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A diffuse interface model of interfaces: Grain boundaries in silicon nitride
    • C. M. Bishop, R. M. Cannon, and W. C. Carter, A diffuse interface model of interfaces: Grain boundaries in silicon nitride, Acta Materialia 53, 4755 (2005).
    • (2005) Acta Materialia , vol.53 , pp. 4755
    • Bishop, C.M.1    Cannon, R.M.2    Carter, W.C.3
  • 168
    • 33749266568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural order in liquids induced by interfaces with crystals
    • W. D. Kaplan and Y. Kauffmann, Structural order in liquids induced by interfaces with crystals, Annual Review of Materials Research 36, 1 (2006).
    • (2006) Annual Review of Materials Research , vol.36 , pp. 1
    • Kaplan, W.D.1    Kauffmann, Y.2
  • 170
    • 0032662803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffuse interface description of intergranular films in polycrystalline ceramics
    • M. Bobeth, D. R. Clarke, and W. Pompe, Diffuse interface description of intergranular films in polycrystalline ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82, 1537 (1999).
    • (1999) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.82 , pp. 1537
    • Bobeth, M.1    Clarke, D.R.2    Pompe, W.3
  • 172
  • 175
    • 33644904642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring electrostatic potential profiles across amorphous intergranular films by electron diffraction
    • C. T. Koch, S. Bhattacharyya, M. Rühle, R. L. Satet, and M. J. Hoffmann, Measuring electrostatic potential profiles across amorphous intergranular films by electron diffraction, Microscopy and Microanalysis 12, 160 (2006).
    • (2006) Microscopy and Microanalysis , vol.12 , pp. 160
    • Koch, C.T.1    Bhattacharyya, S.2    Rühle, M.3    Satet, R.L.4    Hoffmann, M.J.5
  • 176
    • 33344462002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the radial pairdistribution function within intergranular amorphous films by numerical nanodiffraction
    • C. T. Koch and S. H. Garofalini, Determining the radial pairdistribution function within intergranular amorphous films by numerical nanodiffraction, Ultramicroscopy 106, 383 (2006).
    • (2006) Ultramicroscopy , vol.106 , pp. 383
    • Koch, C.T.1    Garofalini, S.H.2
  • 178
    • 3543049058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of segregation behaviors for special and general boundaries in polycrystalline A12O3 with SiO2-TiO2 impurities
    • M. R Chi and H. Gu, Comparison of segregation behaviors for special and general boundaries in polycrystalline A12O3 with SiO2-TiO2 impurities, Interface Science 12, 335 (2004).
    • (2004) Interface Science , vol.12 , pp. 335
    • Chi, M.R.1    Gu, H.2
  • 179
    • 34249324338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Private communication
    • H. Gu, Private communication (2006).
    • (2006)
    • Gu, H.1
  • 180
    • 34249325715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H. Qian, Y.-M. Chiang, R. M. Cannon, and J. Luo, Wetting and spreading of Bi2O3-rich liquid on ZnO single crystal surfaces, 2, Materials Science & Technology 2006: Fundamentals and Characterization, L. P. Cook and W. D. Kaplan, Eds. (251).
    • H. Qian, Y.-M. Chiang, R. M. Cannon, and J. Luo, Wetting and spreading of Bi2O3-rich liquid on ZnO single crystal surfaces, Vol. 2, Materials Science & Technology 2006: Fundamentals and Characterization, L. P. Cook and W. D. Kaplan, Eds. (251).
  • 181
    • 0034502030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive spreading: Adsorption, ridging and compound formation
    • E. Saiz, R. M. Cannon, and A. P. Tomsia, Reactive spreading: Adsorption, ridging and compound formation, Acta Materialia 48, 4449 (2000).
    • (2000) Acta Materialia , vol.48 , pp. 4449
    • Saiz, E.1    Cannon, R.M.2    Tomsia, A.P.3
  • 182
    • 0032035970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ridging effects on wetting and spreading of liquids on solids
    • E. Saiz, A. P. Tomsia, and R. M. Cannon, Ridging effects on wetting and spreading of liquids on solids Acta Materialia 46, 2349 (1998).
    • (1998) Acta Materialia , vol.46 , pp. 2349
    • Saiz, E.1    Tomsia, A.P.2    Cannon, R.M.3
  • 183
    • 0035089280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triple line ridging and attachment in high-temperature wetting
    • E. Saiz, A. P. Tomsia, and R. M. Cannon, Triple line ridging and attachment in high-temperature wetting, Scripta Materialia 44, 159 (2001).
    • (2001) Scripta Materialia , vol.44 , pp. 159
    • Saiz, E.1    Tomsia, A.P.2    Cannon, R.M.3
  • 184
    • 0034274898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and applications of London dispersion forces and Hamaker constants in ceramics
    • R. H. French, Origin and applications of London dispersion forces and Hamaker constants in ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83, 2117 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.83 , pp. 2117
    • French, R.H.1
  • 185
    • 0000050980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nature of active layer in vanadium oxide supported on titanium oxide and control of its reactivity in the selective oxidation and ammoxidation of alkylaromatics
    • G. Centi, Nature of active layer in vanadium oxide supported on titanium oxide and control of its reactivity in the selective oxidation and ammoxidation of alkylaromatics, Applied Catalysis A: General 147, 267 (1996).
    • (1996) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.147 , pp. 267
    • Centi, G.1
  • 187
    • 0005100494 scopus 로고
    • Vanadia catalysts on anatase, rutile, and TiO2(b) for the ammoxidation of toluene: An ESR and high-resolution electron microscopy characterization
    • M. Sanati, R. L. Wallenberg, A. Andersson, S. Jansen, and Y. To, Vanadia catalysts on anatase, rutile, and TiO2(b) for the ammoxidation of toluene: An ESR and high-resolution electron microscopy characterization, Journal of Catalysis 132, 128 (1991).
    • (1991) Journal of Catalysis , vol.132 , pp. 128
    • Sanati, M.1    Wallenberg, R.L.2    Andersson, A.3    Jansen, S.4    To, Y.5
  • 188
    • 0002951586 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous monolayer dispersion of oxides and salts onto surfaces of supports: Applications to heterogeneous catalysis
    • Y.-C. Xie and Tang, Y.-Q., Spontaneous monolayer dispersion of oxides and salts onto surfaces of supports: Applications to heterogeneous catalysis, Advances in Catalysis 31, 1, 1990.
    • (1990) Advances in Catalysis , vol.31 , pp. 1
    • Xie, Y.-C.1    Tang, Y.-Q.2
  • 190
    • 1642526374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal-semiconductor Zn-ZnO core-shell nanobelts and nanotubes
    • X. Y. Kong, Y. Ding, and Z. L. Wang, Metal-semiconductor Zn-ZnO core-shell nanobelts and nanotubes, Journal of Physical Chemistry B 108, 570 (2004).
    • (2004) Journal of Physical Chemistry B , vol.108 , pp. 570
    • Kong, X.Y.1    Ding, Y.2    Wang, Z.L.3
  • 191
    • 0142075255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition route to GaN nanowires with triangular cross sections
    • T. Kuykendall, P. Pauzauskie, S. Lee, Y. Zhang, J. Goldberger, and P. Yang, Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition route to GaN nanowires with triangular cross sections, Nano Letters 3, 1063 2003.
    • (2003) Nano Letters , vol.3 , pp. 1063
    • Kuykendall, T.1    Pauzauskie, P.2    Lee, S.3    Zhang, Y.4    Goldberger, J.5    Yang, P.6
  • 194
    • 3543079369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary phase transitions and their influence on properties of ploycrystals
    • B.B. Straumal and B. Baretzky, Grain boundary phase transitions and their influence on properties of ploycrystals, Interface Science 12, 147 (2004).
    • (2004) Interface Science , vol.12 , pp. 147
    • Straumal, B.B.1    Baretzky, B.2
  • 195
    • 4444341335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary phase transitions. Influence on diffusion, plasticity and charge transfer
    • B. B. Straumal, Grain boundary phase transitions. Influence on diffusion, plasticity and charge transfer, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 49, 323 (2004).
    • (2004) Archives of Metallurgy and Materials , vol.49 , pp. 323
    • Straumal, B.B.1
  • 199
    • 3042838722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary diffusion and segregation of Bi in Cu: Radiotracer measurements in b and c regimes
    • S. Divinski, M. Lohmann, and C. Herzig, Grain boundary diffusion and segregation of Bi in Cu: Radiotracer measurements in b and c regimes, Acta Materialia 52, 3973 (2004).
    • (2004) Acta Materialia , vol.52 , pp. 3973
    • Divinski, S.1    Lohmann, M.2    Herzig, C.3
  • 202
    • 34249317072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B. B. Straumal, N. E. Sluchanko, and W. Gust, Influence of grain boundary phase transitions on the properties of Cu-Bi polycrystals, Defect and Diffusion Forum, 188-1, Defects and Diffusion in Metals (185).
    • B. B. Straumal, N. E. Sluchanko, and W. Gust, Influence of grain boundary phase transitions on the properties of Cu-Bi polycrystals, Defect and Diffusion Forum, Vol. 188-1, Defects and Diffusion in Metals (185).
  • 203
    • 0035522006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About the importance of nanometer-thick intergranular penetration in the analysis of liquid metal embrittlement
    • K. Wolski, V. Laporte, N. Marie, and M. Biscondi, About the importance of nanometer-thick intergranular penetration in the analysis of liquid metal embrittlement, Interface Science 9, 183 (2001).
    • (2001) Interface Science , vol.9 , pp. 183
    • Wolski, K.1    Laporte, V.2    Marie, N.3    Biscondi, M.4
  • 205
    • 0026135712 scopus 로고
    • Penetration of tin and zinc along tilt grain boundaries 43° [100] in Fe-5 at.% Si alloy: Premelting phase transition?
    • E. I. Rabkin, V. N. Semenov, L. S. Shvindlerman, and B. B. Straumal, Penetration of tin and zinc along tilt grain boundaries 43° [100] in Fe-5 at.% Si alloy: Premelting phase transition? Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 39, 627 (1991).
    • (1991) Acta Metallurgica et Materialia , vol.39 , pp. 627
    • Rabkin, E.I.1    Semenov, V.N.2    Shvindlerman, L.S.3    Straumal, B.B.4
  • 206
    • 0026392850 scopus 로고
    • Wetting and premelting phase transitions in 38° [100] tilt grain boundary in (Fe-12 at.% Si)-Zn alloy in the vicinity of the A2-B2 bulk ordering in Fe-12 at.% Si alloy
    • O. I. Noskovich, E. I. Rabkin, V. N. Semenov, B. B. Straumal, and L. S. Shvindlerman, Wetting and premelting phase transitions in 38° [100] tilt grain boundary in (Fe-12 at.% Si)-Zn alloy in the vicinity of the A2-B2 bulk ordering in Fe-12 at.% Si alloy Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 39, 3091 (1991).
    • (1991) Acta Metallurgica et Materialia , vol.39 , pp. 3091
    • Noskovich, O.I.1    Rabkin, E.I.2    Semenov, V.N.3    Straumal, B.B.4    Shvindlerman, L.S.5
  • 207
    • 0031144035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pressure influence on the grain boundary wetting phase transition in Fe-Si alloys
    • B. B. Straumal, E. Rabkin, W. Lojkowski, W. Gust, and L. S. Shvindlerman, Pressure influence on the grain boundary wetting phase transition in Fe-Si alloys, Acta Materialia 45, 1931, 1997.
    • (1997) Acta Materialia , vol.45 , pp. 1931
    • Straumal, B.B.1    Rabkin, E.2    Lojkowski, W.3    Gust, W.4    Shvindlerman, L.S.5
  • 208
    • 33644788386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • V. K. Gupta, D. H. Yoon, J. Luo, and Meyer H. M. Ill, Preliminary results of activated sintering mechanism and grain boundary prewetting/premelting in nickel-doped tungsten, Ceramic Transactions, 172, Ceramic Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology IV, M. Z. H. R. M. Lane, S. Lu, Ed., 2005 (159).
    • V. K. Gupta, D. H. Yoon, J. Luo, and Meyer H. M. Ill, Preliminary results of activated sintering mechanism and grain boundary prewetting/premelting in nickel-doped tungsten, Ceramic Transactions, Vol. 172, Ceramic Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology IV, M. Z. H. R. M. Lane, S. Lu, Ed., 2005 (159).
  • 209
    • 34249299980 scopus 로고
    • Amorphization by interfacial reaction
    • Chapman and Hall, New York
    • W. L. Johnson, Amorphization by interfacial reaction, in Materials Interfaces, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1993 (517).
    • (1993) Materials Interfaces , Issue.517
    • Johnson, W.L.1
  • 210
    • 0038789081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the segregation layer and its effects on the activated sintering and ductility of Ni-doped molybdenum
    • K. S. Hwang and H. S. Huang, Identification of the segregation layer and its effects on the activated sintering and ductility of Ni-doped molybdenum, Acta Materialia 51, 3915 (2003).
    • (2003) Acta Materialia , vol.51 , pp. 3915
    • Hwang, K.S.1    Huang, H.S.2
  • 211
    • 0020807933 scopus 로고
    • Detection of thin intergranular cobalt layers in wc-co composites by lattice imaging
    • V. Jayaram and R. Sinclair, Detection of thin intergranular cobalt layers in wc-co composites by lattice imaging, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 66, C137 (1983).
    • (1983) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.66
    • Jayaram, V.1    Sinclair, R.2
  • 212
    • 0035395147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergranular penetration and embrittlement of solid nickel through bismuth vapour condensations at 700°C
    • N. Marie, K. Wolski, and M. Biscondi, Intergranular penetration and embrittlement of solid nickel through bismuth vapour condensations at 700°C, Journal of Nuclear Materials 296, 282 (2001).
    • (2001) Journal of Nuclear Materials , vol.296 , pp. 282
    • Marie, N.1    Wolski, K.2    Biscondi, M.3
  • 213
    • 0034290870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary penetration of nickel by liquid bismuth as a film of nanometeric thickness
    • N. Marie, K. Wolski, and M. Biscondi, Grain boundary penetration of nickel by liquid bismuth as a film of nanometeric thickness Scripta Materialia 43, 943 (2000).
    • (2000) Scripta Materialia , vol.43 , pp. 943
    • Marie, N.1    Wolski, K.2    Biscondi, M.3
  • 214
  • 216
    • 0035383836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid-state crystal-to-amorphous transition in metal-metal multilayers and its thermo-dynamic and atomistic modelling
    • B. X. Liu, W. S. Lai, and Z. J. Zhang, Solid-state crystal-to-amorphous transition in metal-metal multilayers and its thermo-dynamic and atomistic modelling, Advances in Physics 50, 367 (2001).
    • (2001) Advances in Physics , vol.50 , pp. 367
    • Liu, B.X.1    Lai, W.S.2    Zhang, Z.J.3
  • 217
    • 0000110118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic model for solid-state amorphization in binary systems at interfaces and grain boundaries
    • R. Benedictus, A. Böttger, and E. J. Mittemijer, Thermodynamic model for solid-state amorphization in binary systems at interfaces and grain boundaries, Physical Review B 54, 9109 (1996).
    • (1996) Physical Review B , vol.54 , pp. 9109
    • Benedictus, R.1    Böttger, A.2    Mittemijer, E.J.3
  • 218
    • 32444449505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wetting and crystallization at grain boundaries: Origin of aluminum-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon
    • J. Y. Wang, D. He, Y. H. Zhao, and E. J. Mittemijer, Wetting and crystallization at grain boundaries: Origin of aluminum-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon Applied Physics Letters 88, 061910 (2006).
    • (2006) Applied Physics Letters , vol.88 , pp. 061910
    • Wang, J.Y.1    He, D.2    Zhao, Y.H.3    Mittemijer, E.J.4
  • 219
    • 0001200114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid-state amorphization at tetragonal-Ta/Cu interfaces
    • K.-W. Kwon, Lee, H.-J., and R. Sinclair, Solid-state amorphization at tetragonal-Ta/Cu interfaces, Applied Physics Letters 75, 935 (1999).
    • (1999) Applied Physics Letters , vol.75 , pp. 935
    • Kwon, K.-W.1    Lee, H.-J.2    Sinclair, R.3
  • 220
    • 34249318259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P. L. Williams and Y. Mishin, Phase transformation at interfaces in metals and compounds, in 2006 MRS Fall Meeting Boston, MA, HH4.5 (2006).
    • P. L. Williams and Y. Mishin, Phase transformation at interfaces in metals and compounds, in 2006 MRS Fall Meeting Boston, MA, HH4.5 (2006).
  • 221
    • 33749596380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of layer charge on swelling of semetics
    • D. A. Laird, Influence of layer charge on swelling of semetics, Applied Clay Science 34, 74 (2006).
    • (2006) Applied Clay Science , vol.34 , pp. 74
    • Laird, D.A.1
  • 222
    • 0029730077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The swelling of clays: Molecular simulations of the hydration of mont-morillonite
    • S. Karaborni, B. Smit, W. Heidug, J. Urai, and E. van Oort, The swelling of clays: Molecular simulations of the hydration of mont-morillonite, Science 271, 1102 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 1102
    • Karaborni, S.1    Smit, B.2    Heidug, W.3    Urai, J.4    van Oort, E.5
  • 224
    • 21544474387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrared characterization of water uptake by low-temperature Namontmorillonite: Implications for earth and mars
    • E. K. Frinak, C. D. Mashburn, M. A. Tilbert, and O. B. Toon, Infrared characterization of water uptake by low-temperature Namontmorillonite: Implications for earth and mars, Journal of Geophysical Research 110, D09308 (2005).
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.110
    • Frinak, E.K.1    Mashburn, C.D.2    Tilbert, M.A.3    Toon, O.B.4
  • 225
    • 34249338911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpublished results
    • R. M. Cannon, Unpublished results (2006).
    • (2006)
    • Cannon, R.M.1
  • 226
    • 34247115028 scopus 로고
    • Grain boundaries with impurities in a two-dimensional lattice-gas model
    • R. Kikuchi and J. W. Cahn, Grain boundaries with impurities in a two-dimensional lattice-gas model, Physical Review B 36, 418 1987.
    • (1987) Physical Review B , vol.36 , pp. 418
    • Kikuchi, R.1    Cahn, J.W.2
  • 227
    • 3342954453 scopus 로고
    • Critical surface phenomena at first-order bulk transitions
    • R. Lipowsky, Critical surface phenomena at first-order bulk transitions, Physical Review Letters 49, 1575 (1982).
    • (1982) Physical Review Letters , vol.49 , pp. 1575
    • Lipowsky, R.1
  • 228
    • 24444463755 scopus 로고
    • Surface melting away from equilibrium
    • H. Löwen and R. Lipowsky, Surface melting away from equilibrium, Physical Review B 43, 3507 (1991).
    • (1991) Physical Review B , vol.43 , pp. 3507
    • Löwen, H.1    Lipowsky, R.2
  • 229
    • 0020723540 scopus 로고
    • Surface-induced order and disorder: Critical phenomena at first-order phase transitions
    • R. Lipowsky, Surface-induced order and disorder: Critical phenomena at first-order phase transitions Journal of Applied Physics 55, 2486 (1983).
    • (1983) Journal of Applied Physics , vol.55 , pp. 2486
    • Lipowsky, R.1
  • 230
    • 0000703588 scopus 로고
    • Semi-infinite systems with first-order bulk transitions
    • R. Lipowsky and W. Speth, Semi-infinite systems with first-order bulk transitions, Physical Review B 28, 3983 (1983).
    • (1983) Physical Review B , vol.28 , pp. 3983
    • Lipowsky, R.1    Speth, W.2
  • 232
    • 0032139388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vector-valued phase field model for crystallization and grain boundary formation
    • R. Kobayashi, J. A. Warren, and W. C. Carter, Vector-valued phase field model for crystallization and grain boundary formation Physica D 119, 415 (1998).
    • (1998) Physica D , vol.119 , pp. 415
    • Kobayashi, R.1    Warren, J.A.2    Carter, W.C.3
  • 234
    • 5644258907 scopus 로고
    • Melting at grain boundaries and surfaces
    • R. Lipowsky, Melting at grain boundaries and surfaces, Physical Review Letters 57, 2876 (1986).
    • (1986) Physical Review Letters , vol.57 , pp. 2876
    • Lipowsky, R.1
  • 235
    • 0029208229 scopus 로고
    • Full spectral calculation of non-retarded Hamaker constants for ceramic systems from interband transition strengths
    • R. H. French, R. M. Cannon, L. K. DeNover, and Y.-M. Chiang, Full spectral calculation of non-retarded Hamaker constants for ceramic systems from interband transition strengths, Solid State Ionics 75, 13 (1995).
    • (1995) Solid State Ionics , vol.75 , pp. 13
    • French, R.H.1    Cannon, R.M.2    DeNover, L.K.3    Chiang, Y.-M.4
  • 236
    • 0034321906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refined continuum model on the behavior of intergranular films in silicon nitride ceramics
    • H.-J. Choi, G.-H. Kim, J.-G. Lee, and Y.-W. Kim, Refined continuum model on the behavior of intergranular films in silicon nitride ceramics, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83, 2821 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.83 , pp. 2821
    • Choi, H.-J.1    Kim, G.-H.2    Lee, J.-G.3    Kim, Y.-W.4
  • 238
    • 33751002944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graded interface models for more accurate determination of van der waals-London dispersion interactions across grain boundaries
    • K. van Benthem, G. L. Tan, R. H. French, L. K. DeNoyer, R. Podgornik, and V. A. Parsegian, Graded interface models for more accurate determination of van der waals-London dispersion interactions across grain boundaries, Physical Review B 74, 205110 (2006).
    • (2006) Physical Review B , vol.74 , pp. 205110
    • van Benthem, K.1    Tan, G.L.2    French, R.H.3    DeNoyer, L.K.4    Podgornik, R.5    Parsegian, V.A.6
  • 239
    • 0032036111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersion forces and Hamaker constants for intergranular films in silicon nitride from spatially resolved-valence electron energy loss spectrum imaging
    • R. H. French, H. Müllejans, D. J. Jones, G. Duscher, R. M. Cannon, and M. Rühle, Dispersion forces and Hamaker constants for intergranular films in silicon nitride from spatially resolved-valence electron energy loss spectrum imaging, Acta Materialia 46, 2271 (1998).
    • (1998) Acta Materialia , vol.46 , pp. 2271
    • French, R.H.1    Müllejans, H.2    Jones, D.J.3    Duscher, G.4    Cannon, R.M.5    Rühle, M.6
  • 240
    • 42749103666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local optical properties, electron densities, and London dispersion energies of atomically structured grain boundaries
    • K. van Benthem, G. L. Tan, L. K. DeNoyer, R. H. French, and M. Ruhle, Local optical properties, electron densities, and London dispersion energies of atomically structured grain boundaries Physical Review Letters 93, 227201 (2004).
    • (2004) Physical Review Letters , vol.93 , pp. 227201
    • van Benthem, K.1    Tan, G.L.2    DeNoyer, L.K.3    French, R.H.4    Ruhle, M.5
  • 241
    • 0036805125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrostatic and entropic intercations between parallel interfaces separated by a glassy film
    • K. Johnston and M. W. Finnis, Electrostatic and entropic intercations between parallel interfaces separated by a glassy film Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85, 2562 (2002).
    • (2002) Journal of the American Ceramic Society , vol.85 , pp. 2562
    • Johnston, K.1    Finnis, M.W.2
  • 242
    • 0037169896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disjoining pressures, zeta potentials and surface tensions of aqueous non-iionic surfactant/electrolyte solutions: Theory and comparison to experiment
    • Karraker, K. A. and C. J. Radke, Disjoining pressures, zeta potentials and surface tensions of aqueous non-iionic surfactant/electrolyte solutions: Theory and comparison to experiment, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 96, 231, 2002.
    • (2002) Advances in Colloid and Interface Science , vol.96 , pp. 231
    • Karraker, K.A.1    Radke, C.J.2
  • 243
    • 6244273869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steric effects in electrolytes: A modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation
    • I. Borukhov and D. Andelman, Steric effects in electrolytes: A modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation, Physical Review Letters 79, 435 (1997).
    • (1997) Physical Review Letters , vol.79 , pp. 435
    • Borukhov, I.1    Andelman, D.2
  • 244
    • 23844481143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulation of Y-doped sigma 37 grain boundary in alumina
    • J. Chen, L. Z. Ouyang, and W. Y. Ching, Molecular dynamics simulation of Y-doped sigma 37 grain boundary in alumina, Acta Materialia 53, 4111 (2005).
    • (2005) Acta Materialia , vol.53 , pp. 4111
    • Chen, J.1    Ouyang, L.Z.2    Ching, W.Y.3
  • 248
    • 3242714283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomistic and lattice model of a grain boundary defaceting phase transition
    • I. Daruka and J. C. Hamilton, Atomistic and lattice model of a grain boundary defaceting phase transition, Physical Review Letters 92, 246105 (2004).
    • (2004) Physical Review Letters , vol.92 , pp. 246105
    • Daruka, I.1    Hamilton, J.C.2
  • 249
    • 0034482245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular dynamics simulation of an intergranular glass phase in alumina based ceramics
    • A. Honda, K. Matsunaga, and H. Matsubara, Molecular dynamics simulation of an intergranular glass phase in alumina based ceramics, Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 64, 1113 (2000).
    • (2000) Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals , vol.64 , pp. 1113
    • Honda, A.1    Matsunaga, K.2    Matsubara, H.3
  • 250
    • 28344445537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic structure and bonding of intergranular glassy films in polycrystalline Si3N4: Ab initio studies and classical molecular dynamics simulations
    • P. Rulis, J. Chen, L. Ouyang, W. Y. Ching, X. Su, and S. H. Garofalini, Electronic structure and bonding of intergranular glassy films in polycrystalline Si3N4: Ab initio studies and classical molecular dynamics simulations, Physical Review B 71, 235317 (2005).
    • (2005) Physical Review B , vol.71 , pp. 235317
    • Rulis, P.1    Chen, J.2    Ouyang, L.3    Ching, W.Y.4    Su, X.5    Garofalini, S.H.6
  • 251
    • 23244437166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A crossover in the mechanical response of nanocrystalline ceramics
    • I. Szlufarska, A. Nakano, and P. Vashishta, A crossover in the mechanical response of nanocrystalline ceramics, Science 309, 911 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 911
    • Szlufarska, I.1    Nakano, A.2    Vashishta, P.3
  • 253
    • 29144464341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex nonlinear deformation of nanometer intergranular glassy films in beta-Si3N4
    • J. Chen, L. Z. Ouyang, P. Rulis, A. Misra, and W. Y. Ching, Complex nonlinear deformation of nanometer intergranular glassy films in beta-Si3N4, Physical Review Letters 95, 256103 (2005).
    • (2005) Physical Review Letters , vol.95 , pp. 256103
    • Chen, J.1    Ouyang, L.Z.2    Rulis, P.3    Misra, A.4    Ching, W.Y.5
  • 254
    • 33748324450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ab initio modeling of clean and Y-doped grain boundaries in alumina and intergranular glassy films (IGF) in beta-Si3N4
    • W. Y. Ching, J. Chen, P. Rulis, L. Ouyang, and A. Misra, Ab initio modeling of clean and Y-doped grain boundaries in alumina and intergranular glassy films (IGF) in beta-Si3N4, Journal of Materials Science 41, 5061 (2006).
    • (2006) Journal of Materials Science , vol.41 , pp. 5061
    • Ching, W.Y.1    Chen, J.2    Rulis, P.3    Ouyang, L.4    Misra, A.5
  • 255
    • 0036470881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-principles study of the effects of halogen dopants on the properties of intergranular films in silicon nitride ceramics
    • G. S. Painter, P. F. Becher, H. J. Kleebe, and G. Pezzotti, First-principles study of the effects of halogen dopants on the properties of intergranular films in silicon nitride ceramics, Physical Review B 65, 064113 (2002).
    • (2002) Physical Review B , vol.65 , pp. 064113
    • Painter, G.S.1    Becher, P.F.2    Kleebe, H.J.3    Pezzotti, G.4
  • 256
    • 0029538884 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of the structure and dynamical properties of grain boundaries in a nanocrystalline model material
    • S. R. Phillpot, J. Wang, D. Wolf, and H. Gleiter, Computer simulation of the structure and dynamical properties of grain boundaries in a nanocrystalline model material, Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, A204, 76 (1995).
    • (1995) Journal of Engineering and Applied Science , vol.A204 , pp. 76
    • Phillpot, S.R.1    Wang, J.2    Wolf, D.3    Gleiter, H.4
  • 257
    • 33144467451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the structures of twist grain boundaries in silicon ordered at 0 k
    • von S. Alfthan, P. D. Haynes, K. Kaski, and A. P. Sutton, Are the structures of twist grain boundaries in silicon ordered at 0 k, Physical Review Letters 96, 055505 (2006).
    • (2006) Physical Review Letters , vol.96 , pp. 055505
    • von, S.1    Alfthan, P.2    Haynes, D.3    Kaski, K.4    Sutton, A.P.5
  • 261
    • 0027803967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I.-H. Moon, K.-Y. Kim, S.-T. Oh, andM.-J. Suk, Nickel-enhanced grain growth in tungsten wire, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 201, 129 (1993).
    • I.-H. Moon, K.-Y. Kim, S.-T. Oh, andM.-J. Suk, Nickel-enhanced grain growth in tungsten wire, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 201, 129 (1993).
  • 262
    • 0032000220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain boundary migration in metals: Recent developments
    • G. Gottstein and D. A. Molodov, Grain boundary migration in metals: Recent developments, Interface Science 6, 7 (1998).
    • (1998) Interface Science , vol.6 , pp. 7
    • Gottstein, G.1    Molodov, D.A.2
  • 264
    • 33744995550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micro structure of cobalt oxide doped sintered ceria solid solutions
    • E. Jud, Z. Zhang, W. Sigle, and L. J. Gauckler, Micro structure of cobalt oxide doped sintered ceria solid solutions, Journal of Electroceramics 16, 191 (2006).
    • (2006) Journal of Electroceramics , vol.16 , pp. 191
    • Jud, E.1    Zhang, Z.2    Sigle, W.3    Gauckler, L.J.4
  • 266
    • 0002035062 scopus 로고
    • The nickel-activated sintering of tungsten
    • W. Leszynski, Ed, Interscience
    • J. H. Brophy, L. A. Shepard, and J. Wulff, The nickel-activated sintering of tungsten, in Powder metallurgy, W. Leszynski, Ed., Interscience, 1961 (113).
    • (1961) Powder metallurgy , Issue.113
    • Brophy, J.H.1    Shepard, L.A.2    Wulff, J.3
  • 267
    • 84973523281 scopus 로고
    • Activated sintering of tungsten with group viii elements
    • H. W. Hayden and J. H. Brophy, Activated sintering of tungsten with group viii elements, Journal of Electrochemcial Society 110, 805 (1963).
    • (1963) Journal of Electrochemcial Society , vol.110 , pp. 805
    • Hayden, H.W.1    Brophy, J.H.2
  • 269
    • 0009446601 scopus 로고
    • The kinetics of metallic activation sintering of tungsten
    • I. J. Toth and N. A. Lockington, The kinetics of metallic activation sintering of tungsten, Journal of Less-Common Metals 12, 353 (1967).
    • (1967) Journal of Less-Common Metals , vol.12 , pp. 353
    • Toth, I.J.1    Lockington, N.A.2
  • 271
    • 0017216632 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced low-temperature sintering of tungsten
    • R. M. German and Z. M. Munir, Enhanced low-temperature sintering of tungsten, Metallurgical Transactions, 7A, 1873 (1976).
    • (1976) Metallurgical Transactions , vol.7 A , pp. 1873
    • German, R.M.1    Munir, Z.M.2
  • 273
    • 0018308896 scopus 로고
    • Nickel activated model sintering of tungsten
    • D. N. Lee and S. H. Ahn, Nickel activated model sintering of tungsten, Science of Sintering 11, 43 (1979).
    • (1979) Science of Sintering , vol.11 , pp. 43
    • Lee, D.N.1    Ahn, S.H.2
  • 274
    • 0020258891 scopus 로고
    • Activated sintering of refractory metals by transition metal additions
    • R. M. German, Activated sintering of refractory metals by transition metal additions, Reviews on Powder Metallurgy and Physical Ceramics 2, 9 (1982).
    • (1982) Reviews on Powder Metallurgy and Physical Ceramics , vol.2 , pp. 9
    • German, R.M.1
  • 275
    • 0021541424 scopus 로고
    • Diffusional activated sintering-densification, microstructure and mechanical properties
    • R. M. German, Diffusional activated sintering-densification, microstructure and mechanical properties, Progress in Powder Metallurgy 39, 243 (1984).
    • (1984) Progress in Powder Metallurgy , vol.39 , pp. 243
    • German, R.M.1
  • 276
    • 0021510607 scopus 로고
    • The effect of the doping method on the sinterability nickel-doped tungsten compacts
    • H. Yoon, J.-S. Kim, and Y.-L. Kim, The effect of the doping method on the sinterability nickel-doped tungsten compacts, Journal of Less-Common Metals 102, 219 (1984).
    • (1984) Journal of Less-Common Metals , vol.102 , pp. 219
    • Yoon, H.1    Kim, J.-S.2    Kim, Y.-L.3
  • 277
    • 0022210183 scopus 로고
    • The identification of enhanced sintering systems through phase diagrams
    • R. M. German, The identification of enhanced sintering systems through phase diagrams, Modern Development in Powder Metallurgy 15, 253 (1985).
    • (1985) Modern Development in Powder Metallurgy , vol.15 , pp. 253
    • German, R.M.1
  • 278
    • 0030085598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical modeling of densification during activated solid-state sintering
    • J. L. Johnson and R. M. German, Theoretical modeling of densification during activated solid-state sintering, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, 27A, 441 (1996).
    • (1996) Metallurgical and Materials Transactions , vol.27 A , pp. 441
    • Johnson, J.L.1    German, R.M.2
  • 279
    • 0033875093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated sintering of nickel-doped tungsten: Approach by grain boundary structural transition
    • N. W. Hwang, Y. J. Park, Kim, D.-Y., and D. Y. Yoon, Activated sintering of nickel-doped tungsten: Approach by grain boundary structural transition, Scripta Materialia 42, 421 (2000).
    • (2000) Scripta Materialia , vol.42 , pp. 421
    • Hwang, N.W.1    Park, Y.J.2    Kim, D.-Y.3    Yoon, D.Y.4
  • 280


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.