Mechanisms of HIV-associated lymphocyte apoptosis

Blood

Volumn 96, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 2951-2964

  Badley, A D ^a   Pilon, A A ^a   Landay, A ^a   Lynch, D H ^a  

^a OTTAWA HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; CD8 ANTIGEN; GLYCOPROTEIN GP 120; GLYCOPROTEIN GP 160; LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; VIRUS PROTEIN;

APOPTOSIS; B LYMPHOCYTE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; LYMPHOCYTOTOXICITY; MACROPHAGE; MONOCYTE; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 0034329318     PISSN: 00064971     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1182/blood.v96.9.2951.h8002951_2951_2964     Document Type: Review

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175. HIV-1 Tat protein exits from cells via a leaderless secretory pathway and binds to extracellular matrix-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans through its basic region
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177. Could Nef and Vpr proteins contribute to disease progression by promoting depletion of bystander cells and prolonged survival of HIV-infected cells?
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180. Differential effects of nef on HIV replication: Implications for viral pathogenesis in the host
181. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 negative factor is a transcriptional silencer
182. Effects of mutations with the 3'-open reading frame region of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III/LAV) on replication and cytopathogenicity
183. Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS
184. HIV-1 Nef activity in murine T cells: CD4 modulation and positive enhancement
185. A role for natural simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef alleles in lymphocyte activation
186. HIV-1 Nef increases T cell activation in a stimulus-dependent manner
187. Expression of the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Nef protein in T cells prevents antigen receptor-mediated induction of interleukin 2 mRNA
188. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits NF-kB induction in human T cells
189. Separable functions of Nef disrupt two aspects of T cells receptor machinery: CD4 expression and CD3 signaling
190. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits activation pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cell lines
191. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein sensitizes CD4+ T lymphoid cells to apoptosis via functional upregulation of the CD95/CD95 ligand pathway
192. Evasion of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses by Nef-dependent induction of Fas ligand (CD95L) expression on simian immunodeficiency virus-infected cells
193. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and p56(lck) protein-tyrosine kinase interact with a common element in CD4 cytoplasmic tail
194. The carboxylterminal region of HIV-1 Nef protein is a cell surface domain that can interact with CD4+ T cells
195. HIV-1 Nef protein-induced apoptotic cytolysis of a broad spectrum of uninfected human blood cells independently of CD95(Fas)
196. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr induces apoptosis following cell cycle arrest
197. Vpr stimulates viral expression and induces cell killing in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected dividing Jurkat T cells
198. The HIV-1 viral protein R induces apoptosis via a direct effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore
199. Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in mononuclear phagocytes
200. Extracellular vpr protein increases cellular permissiveness to human immunodeficiency virus replication and reactivates virus from latency
201. Induction of cell differentiation by human immunodeficiency virus 1 vpr
202. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein R (vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34(cdc2) activity
203. The HIV-1 vpr protein acts as a negative regulator of apoptosis in a human lymphoblastoid T cell line possible implications for the pathogenesis of AIDS
204. The HIV-1 vpr displays strong anti-apoptotic activity
205. HIV-1 vpr suppresses immune activation and apoptosis through regulation of nuclear factor kB
206. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpr functions as an immediate-early protein during HIV-1 infection
207. Cell cycle arrest by vpr in HIV-1 virions and insensitivity to antiretroviral agents
208. HIV-1 protease cleaves actin during acute infection human T-lymphocytes
209. Screening of inhibitors of HIV-1 protease using an Escherichia coli cell assay
210. An active site mutation in the HIV type 1 proteinase (PR) causes reduced PR activity and loss of PR mediated cytotoxicity without apparent effect on virus maturation and infectivity
211. Processing of the precursor of NF-k B by the HIV-1 protease during acute infection
212. Monocytes express Fas ligand upon CD4 cross-linking and induce CD4+ T cells apoptosis
213. Apoptosis mediated by HIV protease is preceded by cleavage of Bcl-2
214. Programmed death of T cells in HIV-1 infection
215. Accelerated apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MCs) from human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected patients and in CD4 cross-linked PBMCs from normal individuals
216. Activation-induced death by apoptosis in CD4+ T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-infected asymptomatic individuals
217. T helper type 1/T helper type 2 cytokines and T cell death; preventive effect of interleukin 12 on activation-induced and CD95 (Fas/APO-1)-mediated apoptosis of CD4+ T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons
218. Fas transduces activation signals in normal human T lymphocytes
219. Fas and activation-induced Fas ligand mediate apoptosis of T cell hybridomas: Inhibition of Fas ligand expression by retinoic acid and glucocorticoids
220. Antigen-like effects of monoclonal antibodies directed at receptors on human T cell clones
221. Agents that mimic antigen receptor signalling inhibit proliferation of cloned murine T lymphocytes induced by II-2
222. Growth inhibition of human T cells by antibodies recognizing the T cell antigen receptor complex
223. Downregulation of T cell responses by antibodies to the T cell receptor
224. Inhibition of transformed T cell growth by monoclonal antibodies directed against distinct activating molecules
225. Programmed cell death in peripheral lymphocytes from HIV-infected persons: Increased susceptibility to apoptosis of CD4 and CD8 T cells correlates with lymphocyte activation and with disease progression
226. Immunological abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected asymptomatic homosexual men: HIV affects the immune system before CD4+ T cell deletion occurs
227. Changes in interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 production in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive individuals
228. Comparative analysis of constitutive cytokine expression in peripheral blood and lymph nodes of HIV-infected individuals
229. Changes in cytokine secretion patterns of CD4+ T-cell clones in human immunodeficiency virus infection
230. Fas (CD95) expression on CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected patients increases with disease progression
231. Overexpression of Fas antigen on T cells in advanced HIV-1 infection: Differential ligation constantly induces apoptosis
232. Activation of the CD95 (APO-1/Fas) system in T cells from human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected children
233. Retinoic acid inhibition of ex vivo human immunodeficiency virus-associated apoptosis of peripheral blood cells
234. Inhibition of activation-induced programmed cell death and restoration of defective immune responses of HIV+ donors by cysteine protease inhibitors
235. Activation-induced CD4 T cell death in HIV positive individuals correlates with Fas-susceptibility, CD4 T cell count and HIV plasma viral copy number
236. Priming of human CD4+ antigen-specific T cells to undergo apoptosis by HIV-infected monocytes
237. Cytotoxic monocytes in the blood of HIV type-1 infected subjects destroy targeted T cells in a CD-95-dependent fashion
238. CD4+ blood lymphocytes are rapidly killed in vitro by contact with autologous human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells
239. Exposure of resting peripheral blood T cells to HIV-1 particles generates CD25+ killer cells in a small subset, leading to induction of apoptosis in bystander cells
240. Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 dependent lysis of Fas+ (CD95+/Apo-1+) innocent bystanders by antigen-specific CD8+ CTL
241. Co-stimulatory pathways mediate monocyte-dependent lymphocyte apoptosis in HIV
242. Distinct mechanisms trigger apoptosis in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected and in uninfected bystander T lymphocytes
243. The expression of Fas ligand by macrophages and its upregulation by human immunodeficiency virus infection
244. Cutting edge: RANTES regulates Fas ligand expression and killing by HIV-specific CD8 cytotoxic T cells
245. T-cell death by apoptosis in vertically human immunodeficiency virus-infected children coincides with expansion of CD8+/interleukin-2 receptor-/HLA-DR+ T cells: Sign of a possible role for herpes viruses as cofactors?
246. Anergy and apoptosis in CD8+ T cells from HIV-infected persons
247. Programmed death of T cells in human immunodeficiency virus infection: No correlation with progression to disease
248. Effects of total lymphoid irradiation on SIV-infected macaques
249. Constraints on CD4 recovery postchemotherapy in adults: Thymic insufficiency and apoptotic decline of expanded peripheral CD4 cells
250. Reduction and repopulation of T-lymphocytes after cytoreductive therapy with or without autologous bone marrow rescue
251. + T cells is mediated by macrophages through interaction of HIV gp120 with chemokine receptor CXCR4
252. T-cell subset alterations in HIV-infected homosexual men: NIAID multicenter AIDs cohort study
253. Elevated levels of CD38+CD8+ cells in HIV infection add to the prognostic value of low CD4+ T cell levels: Results of 6 years follow-up
254. CD8+ lymphocyte activation at human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion: Development of HLA-DR+CD38-CD8+ cells is associated with subsequent stable CD4+ cell levels
255. The significance of activation markers on CD8 lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency syndrome: Staging and prognostic value
256. Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes through the T cell receptor turns on CD4 gene expression: Implications for HIV pathogenesis
257. Productive infection of neonatal CD8+ T lymphocytes by HIV-1
258. Apoptosis occurs predominantly in bystander cells and not in productively infected cells of HIV- and SIV-infected lymph nodes
259. Correlates of apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tonsillar tissue in HIV Type 1 infection
260. Analysis of apoptosis in lymph nodes of HIV-1 infected persons: Intensity of apoptosis correlates with the general state of activatin of the lymphoid tissue and not with stage of disease or viral burden
261. +-T-cell counts, spontaneous apoptosis, and Fas expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects
262. + patients: Correlation with clinical progression and T cell loss
263. Apoptosis of CD4+ and CD19+ cells during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: Correlation with clinical progression, viral load, and loss of humoral immunity
264. Diminished spontaneous apoptosis in lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-infected long-term nonprogressors
265. Prediction of imminent complications in HIV-1-infected patients by markers of lymphocyte apoptosis
266. Phenotypic characteristics and tendency to apoptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV+ long term non progressors
267. Reduction in T cell apoptosis in patients with HIV disease following antiretroviral therapy
268. Effect of combination antiretroviral therapy upon rectal mucosal HIV RNA burden and mononuclear cell apoptosis
269. Anti-retroviral therapy reverses HIV-associated abnormalities in lymphocyte apoptosis
270. Early T-cell apoptosis and Fas expression during antiretroviral therapy in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1
271. In vivo analysis of Fas/FasL interactions in HIV-infected patients
272. Early effects of antiretroviral combination therapy on activation, apoptosis and regeneration of T cells in HIV-1 infected children and adolescents
273. Human immunodeficiency virus type t protease inhibitor modulates activation of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells and decreases their susceptibility to apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
274. Decreased HIV-associated T cell apoptosis by HIV protease inhibitors
275. A TH1 to TH2 switch is a critical step in the etiology of HIV infection
276. Restoration of HIV-specific cell-mediated immune response by IL-12 in vitro
277. Role of IL-10 in T helper cell dysfunction in asymptomatic individuals infected with HIV
278. Type 1/type 2 cytokine modulation of T cell programmed cell death as a model for HIV pathogenesis
279. Programmed cell death in AIDS-related HIV and SIV infections
280. Antigen-stimulated apoptotic T-cell death in HIV infection is selective for CD4+ T cells, modulated by cytokines and effected by lymphotoxin
281. IL-2 Rescues in vitro lymphocyte apoptosis in patients with HIV infection
282. Interleukin 15
283. In vitro immunologic and virologic effects of interleukin 15 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infected patients
284. Interleukin-15 triggers activation and growth of the CD8 T-cell pool in extravascular tissues of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
285. Activation of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation by Interleukin-15 without the mitogenic effect of interleukin-2 that may induce human immunodeficiency virus-1 expression
286. IL-15 enhances immune functions during HIV infection
287. Interleukin-16 and function as a CD4 ligand
288. IL-16 inhibition of CD3-dependent lymphocyte activation and proliferation
289. HIV suppression by interleukin-16
290. Recombinant human IL-16 inhibits HIV-1 replication and protects against activation-induced cell death (AICD)
291. + lymphocytes after HIV antiretroviral therapy reflects redistribution from lymphoid tissues
292. + T-cell renewal in early HIV-1 infection: Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy
293. Measuring recent thymic emigrants in blood of normal and HIV-1 infected individuals before and after effective therapy
294. Direct evidence for thymic function in adult humans
295. HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir modulates susceptibility to apoptosis of uninfected T cells
296. Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection with saquinavir, zidovudine, and zalcitabine
297. CD4-cell count in HIV-1 infected individuals remaining viraemic with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
298. Improvement in CD4+ cell counts despite persistently detectable HIV load
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305. Kinetics of the changes of lymphocyte subsets defined by cytokine production at single cell level during highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection
306. The inhibition of pro-apoptotic ICE-like proteases enhances HIV replication
307. Latent reservoirs of HIV: Obstacles to the eradication of virus
308. Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-1 in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy
309. Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy
310. Toward HIV eradication or remission: The tasks ahead
311. Mathematical analysis of antiretroviral therapy aimed at HIV-1 eradication or maintenance of low viral loads
312. Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy
313. Killing HIV-infected cells by transduction with an HIV protease-activated caspase-3 protein