Enzyme Production from Food Wastes Using a Biorefinery Concept

Waste and Biomass Valorization

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 903-917

  Uçkun Kiran, Esra ^a   Trzcinski, Antoine P ^a   Ng, Wun Jern ^a,b   Liu, Yu ^a,b  

^a NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^b NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Amylase; Biorefinery; Food waste; Lignocellulosic enzymes; Lipase; Pectinolytic enzymes; Protease

Indexed keywords

AMYLASES; ENZYMES; ETHANOL; ETHANOL FUELS; FERMENTATION; FOOD SUPPLY; FUELS; LIPASES; METHANE; ORGANIC ACIDS; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; REFINING; SUPPLY CHAINS;

BIOREFINERIES; FOOD WASTE; LIGNOCELLULOSIC ENZYMES; PECTINOLYTIC ENZYME; PROTEASE;

CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 84923259255     PISSN: 18772641     EISSN: 1877265X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12649-014-9311-x     Document Type: Review

References (114)

1. Lundqvist, J., de Fraiture, C., Molden, D.: Saving water: from field to fork: curbing losses and wastage in the food chain, in SIWI policy brief. Stockholm International Water Institute Stockholm, Sweden (2008)
2. FAO, Towards the future we want: end hunger and make the transition to sustainable agricultural and food systems. 2012, Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations Rome
3. Melikoglu, M., Lin, C.S.K., Webb, C.: Analysing global food waste problem: pinpointing the facts and estimating the energy content. Cent Eur J Eng 3(2), 157–164 (2013)
4. National-Environment-Agency. http://app2.nea.gov.sg/topics_wastestats.aspx. 2011 [cited 2013 3 February]
5. Lin, C.S.K., Pfaltzgraff, L.A., Herrero-Davila, L., Mubofu, E.B., Abderrahim, S., Clark, J.H., Koutinas, A.A., Kopsahelis, N., Stamatelatou, K., Dickson, F., Thankappan, S., Mohamed, Z., Brocklesby, R., Luque, R.: Food waste as a valuable resource for the production of chemicals, materials and fuels. Current situation and global perspective. Energy Environ Sci 6(2), 426–464 (2013)
6. Ngoc, U.N., Schnitzer, H.: Sustainable solutions for solid waste management in Southeast Asian countries. Waste Manag 29, 1982–1995 (2009)
7. M.H. Kim, H.B. Song, Y. Song, I.T. Jeong, and J.W. Kim, Evaluation of food waste disposal options in terms of global warming and energy recovery: Korea. Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng, 2013. 4(1)
8. Okumura, S., Tasaki, T., Moriguchi, Y.: Economic growth and trends of municipal waste treatment options in Asian countries. J Mater Cycles Waste Manage 16(2), 335–346 (2014)
9. Othman, S.N., Noor, Z.Z., Abba, A.H., Yusuf, R.O., Abu, M.A.: Hassan, review on life cycle assessment of integrated solid waste management in some Asian countries. J Clean Prod 41, 251–262 (2013)
10. Takata, M., Fukushima, K., Kino-Kimata, N., Nagao, N., Niwa, C., Toda, T.: The effects of recycling loops in food waste management in Japan: based on the environmental and economic evaluation of food recycling. Sci Total Environ 432, 309–317 (2012)
11. Gajalakshmi, S., Abbasi, S.A.: Solid waste management by composting: state of the art. Critical Rev Environ Sci Technol 38(5), 311–400 (2008)
12. Cekmecelioglu, D., Demirci, A., Graves, R.E., Davitt, N.H.: Applicability of optimized in-vessel food waste composting for windrow systems. Biosyst Eng 91, 479–486 (2005)
13. Aye, L., Widjaya, E.R.: Environmental and economic analysis of waste disposal options for traditional markets in Indonesia. Waste Manag 26, 1180–1191 (2006)
14. Hirai, Y., Murata, M., Sakai, S., Takatsuki, H.: Life cycle assessment on food waste management and recycling. Waste Manag Res 12(5), 219–228 (2001)
15. Esteban, M.B., Garcia, A.J., Ramos, P., Marquez, M.C.: Evaluation of fruit, vegetable and fish wastes as alternative feedstuffs in pig diets. Waste Manag 27, 193–200 (2007)
16. Han, S.K., Shin, H.S.: Biohydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation of food waste. Int J Hydrogen Energy 29(6), 569–577 (2004)
17. Sakai, K., Ezaki, Y.: Open L-lactic acid fermentation of food refuse using thermophilic Bacillus coagulans and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of microflora. J Biosci Bioeng 101(6), 457–463 (2006)
18. Yang, S.Y., Ji, K.S., Baik, Y.H., Kwak, W.S., McCaskey, T.A.: Lactic acid fermentation of food waste for swine feed. Bioresour Technol 97(15), 1858–1864 (2006)
19. Zhang, C., Xiao, G., Peng, L., Su, H., Tan, T.: The anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and cattle manure. Bioresour Technol 129, 170–176 (2013)
20. Zhang, M., Shukla, P., Ayyachamy, M., Permaul, K., Singh, S.: Improved bioethanol production through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes by Kluyveromyces marxianus 6556. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 26(6), 1041–1046 (2010)
21. He, Y., Bagley, D.M., Leung, K.T., Liss, S.N., Liao, B.: Recent advances in membrane technologies for biorefining and bioenergy production. Biotechnol Adv 30(4), 817–858 (2012)
22. Pan, J., Zhang, R., El-Mashad, H.M., Sun, H., Ying, Y.: Effect of food to microorganism ratio on biohydrogen production from food waste via anaerobic fermentation. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33(23), 6968–6975 (2008)
23. Vavouraki, A.I., Angelis, E.M., Kornaros, M.: Optimization of thermo-chemical hydrolysis of kitchen wastes. Waste Manag 34(1), 167–173 (2014)
24. He, M., Sun, Y., Zou, D., Yuan, H., Zhu, B., Li, X., Pang, Y.: Influence of temperature on hydrolysis acidification of food waste. Procedia Environ Sci 16, 85–94 (2012)
25. Sanders, J., Scott, E., Weusthuis, R., Mooibroek, H.: Bio-refinery as the bio-inspired process to bulk chemicals. Macromol Biosci 7(2), 105–117 (2007)
26. Kim, J.K., Oh, B.R., Shin, H., Eom, C., Kim, S.W.: Statistical optimization of enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation using food waste. Process Biochem 43(11), 1308–1312 (2008)
27. Kwon, S.H., Lee, D.H.: Evaluation of Korean food waste composting with fed-batch operations I: using water extractable total organic carbon contents (TOCw). Process Biochem 39(10), 1183–1194 (2004)
28. Rao, M.S., Singh, S.P.: Bioenergy conversion studies of organic fraction of MSW: kinetic studies and gas yield–organic loading relationships for process optimisation. Bioresour Technol 95(2), 173–185 (2004)
29. Ramos, C., Buitron, G., Moreno-Andrade, I., Chamy, R.: Effect of the initial total solids concentration and initial pH on the bio-hydrogen production from cafeteria food waste. Int J Hydrogen Energy 37(18), 13288–13295 (2012)
30. Ohkouchi, Y., Inoue, Y.: Direct production of L(+)-lactic acid from starch and food wastes using Lactobacillus manihotivorans LMG18011. Bioresour Technol 97, 1554–1562 (2006)
31. Kim, J.K., Oh, B.R., Chun, Y.N., Kim, S.W.: Effects of temperature and hydraulic retention time on anaerobic digestion of food waste. J Biosci Bioeng 102(4), 328–332 (2006)
32. Tang, Y.Q., Koike, Y., Liu, K., An, M.Z., Morimura, S., Wu, X.L., Kida, K.: Ethanol production from kitchen waste using the flocculating yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain KF-7. Biomass Bioenergy 32(11), 1037–1045 (2008)
33. Wang, Q., Ma, H., Xu, W., Gong, L., Zhang, W., Zou, D.: Ethanol production from kitchen garbage using response surface methodology. Biochem Eng J 39(3), 604–610 (2008)
34. Zhang, B., He, Z., Zhang, L., Xu, J., Shi, H., Cai, W.: Anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes in a single-phased anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) with gas-phased absorb of CO2. J Environ Sci 17(2), 249–255 (2005)
35. Ma, H., Wang, Q., Zhang, W., Xu, W., Zou, D.: Optimization of the medium and process parameters for ethanol production from kitchen garbage by Zymomonas mobilis. Int J Green Energy 5(6), 480–490 (2008)
36. Uncu, O.N., Cekmecelioglu, D.: Cost-effective approach to ethanol production and optimization by response surface methodology. Waste Manag 31(4), 636–643 (2011)
37. Cekmecelioglu, D., Uncu, O.N.: Kinetic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated kitchen wastes for enhancing bioethanol production. Waste Manag 33(3), 735–739 (2013)
38. Zhang, L., Jahng, D.: Long-term anaerobic digestion of food waste stabilized by trace elements. Waste Manag 32(8), 1509–1515 (2012)
39. Teeri, T.T.: Crystalline cellulose degradation: new insight into the function of cellobiohydrolases. Trends Biotechnol 15, 160–167 (1997)
40. Couto, S.R., Sanromán, M.A.: Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry: a review. J Food Eng 76(3), 291–302 (2006)
41. Dos Santos, T.C., Gomes, D.P.P., Bonomo, R.C.F., Franco, M.: Optimisation of solid state fermentation of potato peel for the production of cellulolytic enzymes. Food Chem 133, 1299–1304 (2012)
42. Ruiz, H.A., Rodriguez-Jasso, R.M., Rodriguez, R., Contreras-Esquivel, J.C., Aguilar, C.N.: Pectinase production from lemon peel pomace as support and carbon source in solid state fermentation column-tray bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 65, 90–95 (2012)
43. Shukla, J., Kar, R.: Potato peel as a solid state substrate for thermostable alpha amylase production by thermophilic Bacillus isolates. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 22(5), 417–422 (2006)
44. Thomas, L., Larroche, C., Pandey, A.: Current developments in solid-state fermentation. Biochem Eng J 81, 146–161 (2013)
45. Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wang, X., Ma, H.: Glucoamylase production from food waste by Aspergillus niger under submerged fermentation. Process Biochem 43(3), 280–286 (2008)
46. Pandey, A., Nigam, P., Soccol, C.R., Soccol, V.T., Singh, D., Mohan, R.: Advances in microbial amylases. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 31(2), 135–152 (2000)
47. Anto, H., Trivedi, U.B., Patel, K.C.: Glucoamylase production by solid-state fermentation using rice flake manufacturing waste products as substrate. Bioresour Technol 97(10), 1161–1166 (2006)
48. Elayaraja, S., Velvizhi, T., Maharani, V., Mayavu, P., Vijayalakshmi, S., Balasubramanian, T.: Thermostable alpha-amylase production by Bacillus firmus CAS 7 using potato peel as a substrate. Afr J Biotechnol 10(54), 11235–11238 (2011)
49. Murthy, P.S., Madhava Naidu, M., Srinivas, P.: Production of α-amylase under solid-state fermentation utilizing coffee waste. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 84(8), 1246–1249 (2009)
50. Umsza-Guez, M.A., Díaz, A.B., de Ory, I., Blandino, A., Gomes, E., Caro, I.: Xylanase production by Aspergillus awamori under solid state fermentation conditions on tomato pomace. Brazilian J Microbiol 42(4), 1585–1597 (2011)
51. Jamrath, T., Lindner, C., Popovic, M.K., Bajpai, R.: Production of amylases and proteases by Bacillus caldolyticus from food industry wastes. Food Technol Biotechnol 50(3), 355–361 (2012)
52. Melikoglu, M., Lin, C.S.K., Webb, C.: Stepwise optimisation of enzyme production in solid state fermentation of waste bread pieces. Food Bioprod Process 91(4), 638–646 (2013)
53. Kim, K.I., Kim, W.K., Seo, D.K., Yoo, I.S., Kim, E.K., Yoon, H.H.: Production of lactic acid from food wastes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 107(105–108), 637–647 (2003)
54. Sakai, K., Taniguchi, M., Miura, S., Ohara, H., Matsumoto, T., Shirai, Y.: Making plastics from garbage: a novel process for poly-L-lactate production from municipal food waste. J Ind Ecol 7(3–4), 63–74 (2004)
55. Leung, C.C.J., Cheung, A.S.Y., Zhang, A.Y.Z., Lam, K.F., Lin, C.S.K.: Utilisation of waste bread for fermentative succinic acid production. Biochem Eng J 65, 10–15 (2012)
56. Kuhad, R.C., Gupta, R., Singh, A.: Microbial cellulases and their industrial applications. Enzyme Res 2011(1), 10 (2011)
57. Jørgensen, H., Kristensen, J.B., Felby, C.: Enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars: challenges and opportunities. Biofuels Bioproducts Biorefinery 1(2), 119–134 (2007)
58. Khandeparkar, R.D.S., Bhosle, N.B.: Isolation, purification and characterization of the xylanase produced by Arthrobacter sp. MTCC 5214 when grown in solid-state fermentation. Enzyme Microbial Technol 39(4), 732–742 (2006)
59. Uçkun Kiran, E., Akpinar, O., Bakir, U.: Improvement of enzymatic xylooligosaccharides production by the co-utilization of xylans from different origins. Food Bioprod Process 91(4), 565–574 (2013)
60. Effendi, A., Gerhauser, H., Bridgwater, A.V.: Production of renewable phenolic resins by thermochemical conversion of biomass: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12(8), 2092–2116 (2008)
61. Menon, V., Rao, M.: Trends in bioconversion of lignocellulose: biofuels, platform chemicals & biorefinery concept. Prog Energy Combust Sci 38(4), 522–550 (2012)
62. Bansal, N., Tewari, R., Soni, R., Soni, S.K.: Production of cellulases from Aspergillus niger NS-2 in solid state fermentation on agricultural and kitchen waste residues. Waste Manag 32(7), 1341–1346 (2012)
63. Saravanan, P., Muthuvelayudham, R., Viruthagiri, T.: Application of statistical design for the production of cellulase by Trichoderma reesei using mango peel. Enzyme Res 2012, 157643–157649 (2012)
64. Dhillon, G.S., Kaura, S., Brara, S.K., Vermac, M.: Potential of apple pomace as a solid substrate for fungal cellulase and hemicellulase bioproduction through solid-state fermentation. Ind Crops Prod 38(1), 6–13 (2012)
65. Krishna, C.: Production of bacterial cellulases by solid state bioprocessing of banana wastes. Bioresour Technol 69(3), 231–239 (1999)
66. Sun, H., Ge, X., Hao, Z., Peng, M.: Cellulase production by Trichoderma sp. on apple pomace under solid state fermentation. Afr J Biotechnol 9(2), 163–166 (2010)
67. Sun, H.Y., Li, J., Zhao, P., Peng, M.: Banana peel: a novel substrate for cellulase production under solid-state fermentation. Afr J Biotechnol 10(77), 17887–17890 (2011)
68. Díaz, A.B., de Ory, I., Caro, I., Blandino, A.: Enhance hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus awamori on supplemented grape pomace. Food Bioprod Process 90(1), 72–78 (2012)
69. Botella, C., de Orya, I., Webbb, C., Cantero, D., Blandino, A.: Hydrolytic enzyme production by Aspergillus awamori on grape pomace. Biochem Eng J 26(2–3), 100–106 (2005)
70. Zilly, A., dos Santos Bazanella, G.C., Helm, C.V., Vaz Araújo, C.A., de Souza, C.G.M., Bracht, A., Peralta, R.M.: Solid-state bioconversion of passion fruit waste by white-rot fungi for production of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes. Food Bioprocess Technol 5(5), 1573–1580 (2012)
71. Weil, J., Westgate, P., Kohlmann, K., Ladisch, M.R.: Cellulose pretreatments of lignocellulosic substrates. Enzyme Microbial Technol 16(11), 1002–1004 (1994)
72. Chandel, A.K., Chandrasekhar, G., Silva, M.B., Silvério Da Silva, S.: The realm of cellulases in biorefinery development. Crit Rev Biotechnol 32(3), 187–202 (2012)
73. Kashyap, D.R., Vohra, P.K., Chopra, S., Tewari, R.: Applications of pectinases in the commercial sector: a review. Bioresour Technol 77(3), 215–227 (2001)
74. Botella, C., Diaz, A., de Ory, I., Webb, C., Blandino, A.: Xylanase and pectinase production by Aspergillus awamori on grape pomace in solid state fermentation. Process Biochem 42(1), 98–101 (2007)
75. Pedrolli, D.B., Monteiro, A.C., Gomes, E., Carmona, E.C.: Pectin and pectinases: production, characterization and industrial application of microbial pectinolytic enzymes. Open Biotechnol J 3, 9–18 (2009)
76. Afifi, M.M.: Effective technological pectinase and cellulase by Saccharomyces cerevisiae utilizing food wastes for citric acid production. Life Sci J 8(2), 405–413 (2011)
77. Garzon, C.G., Hours, R.A.: Citrus waste: an alternative substrate for pectinase production in solid-state culture. Bioresour Technol 39(1), 93–95 (1992)
78. Giese, E.C., Dekker, R.F.H., Barbosa, A.M.: Orange bagasse as substrate for the production of pectinase and laccase by Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 in submerged and solid state fermentation. BioResources 3(2), 335–345 (2008)
79. Berovic, M., Ostroversnik, H.: Production of Aspergillus niger pectolytic enzymes by solid state bioprocessing of apple pomace. J Biotechnol 53(1), 47–53 (1997)
80. Hours, R.A., Voget, C.E., Ertola, R.J.: Some factors affecting pectinase production from apple pomace in solid-state cultures. Biol Wastes 24(2), 147–157 (1988)
81. Martínez Sabajanes, M., Yáñez, R., Alonso, J.L., Parajó, J.C.: Pectic oligosaccharides production from orange peel waste by enzymatic hydrolysis. Int J Food Sci Technol 47(4), 747–754 (2012)
82. Pedrolli, D.B., Gomes, E., Monti, R., Carmona, E.C.: Studies on productivity and characterization of polygalacturonase from Aspergillus giganteus submerged culture using citrus pectin and orange waste. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 144(2), 191–200 (2008)
83. MacIel, M., Ottoni, C., Santos, C., Lima, N., Moreira, K., Souza-Motta, C.: Production of polygalacturonases by Aspergillus section Nigri strains in a fixed bed reactor. Molecules 18(2), 1660–1671 (2013)
84. Rivas-Cantu, R.C., Jones, K.D., Mills, P.L.: A citrus waste-based biorefinery as a source of renewable energy: technical advances and analysis of engineering challenges. Waste Manage Res 31(4), 413–420 (2013)
85. Ángel Siles López, J., Li, Q., Thompson, I.P.: Biorefinery of waste orange peel. Crit Rev Biotechnol 30(1), 63–69 (2010)
86. Lohrasbi, M., Pourbafrani, M., Niklasson, C., Taherzadeh, M.J.: Process design and economic analysis of a citrus waste biorefinery with biofuels and limonene as products. Bioresour Technol 101(19), 7382–7388 (2010)
87. Chutmanop, J., Chuichulcherm, S., Chisti, Y., Srinophakun, P.: Protease production by Aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation using agroindustrial substrates. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 83(7), 1012–1018 (2008)
88. Gupta, R.K., Prasad, D., Sathesh, J., Naidu, R.B., Kamini, N.R., Palanivel, S., Gowthaman, M.K.: Scale-up of an alkaline protease from Bacillus pumilus MTCC 7514 utilizing fish meal as a sole source of nutrients. J Microbiol Biotechnol 22(9), 1230–1236 (2012)
89. Potumarthi, R., Ch, S., Jetty, A.: Alkaline protease production by submerged fermentation in stirred tank reactor using Bacillus licheniformis NCIM-2042: effect of aeration and agitation regimes. Biochem Eng J 34(2), 185–192 (2007)
90. Prakasham, R.S., SubbaRao, C., SreenivasRao, R., Sarma, P.N.: Alkaline protease production by an isolated Bacillus circulans under solid-state fermentation using agroindustrial waste: process parameters optimization. Biotechnol Prog 21(5), 1380–1388 (2005)
91. Khosravi-Darani, K., Falahatpishe, H.R., Jalali, M.: Alkaline protease production on date waste by an alkalophilic Bacillus sp. 2-5 isolated from soil. Afr J Biotechnol 7(10), 1536–1542 (2008)
92. Afify, M.M., Abd El-Ghany, T.M., Alawlaqi, M.M.: Microbial utilization of potato wastes for protease production and their using as biofertilizer. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 5(7), 308–315 (2011)
93. Jellouli, K., Bayoudh, A., Manni, L., Agrebi, R., Nasri, M.: Purification, biochemical and molecular characterization of a metalloprotease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa MN7 grown on shrimp wastes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 79(6), 989–999 (2008)
94. Souissi, N., Ellouz-Triki, Y., Bougatef, A., Blibech, M., Nasri, M.: Preparation and use of media for protease-producing bacterial strains based on by-products from cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) and wastewaters from marine-products processing factories. Microbiol Res 163(4), 473–480 (2008)
95. Koutinas, A.A., Malbranque, F., Wang, R., Campbell, G.M., Webb, C.: Development of an oat-based biorefinery for the production of L(+)-lactic acid by rhizopus oryzae and various value-added coproducts. J Agric Food Chem 55(5), 1755–1761 (2007)
96. Contesini, F.J., Lopes, D.B., MacEdo, G.A., Nascimento, M.D.G., Carvalho, P.D.O.: Aspergillus sp. lipase: potential biocatalyst for industrial use. J Mol Catal B Enzym 67(3–4), 163–171 (2010)
97. Alkan, H., Baysal, Z., Uyar, F., Dogru, M.: Production of lipase by a newly isolated Bacillus coagulans under solid-state fermentation using melon wastes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 136(2), 183–192 (2007)
98. Li, N.W., Zong, M.H., Wu, H.: Highly efficient transformation of waste oil to biodiesel by immobilized lipase from Penicillium expansum. Process Biochem 44(6), 685–688 (2009)
99. Vaseghi, Z., Najafpour, G.D., Mohseni, S., Mahjoub, S.: Production of active lipase by Rhizopus oryzae from sugarcane bagasse: solid state fermentation in a tray bioreactor. Int J Food Sci Technol 48(2), 283–289 (2013)
100. Saxena, R.K., Davidson, W.S., Sheoran, A., Giri, B.: Purification and characterization of an alkaline thermostable lipase from Aspergillus carneus. Process Biochem 39(2), 239–247 (2003)
101. Ramrakhiani, L., Chand, S.: Recent progress on phospholipases: different sources, assay methods, industrial potential and pathogenicity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 164, 991–1022 (2011)
102. Gupta, N., Shai, V., Gupta, R.: Alkaline lipase from a novel strain Burkholderia multivorans: statistical medium optimization and production in a bioreactor. Process Biochem 42(2), 518–526 (2007)
103. Rehman, S., Bhatti, H.N., Bhatti, I.A., Asgher, M.: Optimization of process parameters for enhanced production of lipase by Penicillium notatum using agricultural wastes. Afr J Biotechnol 10(84), 19580–19589 (2011)
104. Colen, G., Junqueira, R.G., Moraes-Santos, T.: Isolation and screening of alkaline lipase-producing fungi from Brazilian savanna soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 22(8), 881–885 (2006)
105. Dominguez, A., Deive, F.J., Sanroman, M.A., Longo, M.A.: Biodegradation and utilization of waste cooking oil by Yarrowia lipolytica CECT 1240. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 112(11), 1200–1208 (2010)
106. Papanikolaou, S., Dimou, A., Fakas, S., Diamantopoulou, P., Philippoussis, A., Galiotou-Panayotou, M., Aggelis, G.: Biotechnological conversion of waste cooking olive oil into lipid-rich biomass using Aspergillus and Penicillium strains. J Appl Microbiol 110(5), 1138–1150 (2011)
107. Moftah, O.A.S., Grbavčić, S., Žuža, M., Luković, N., Bezbradica, D., Knezevic-Jugovic, Z.: Adding value to the oil cake as a waste from oil processing industry: production of lipase and protease by Candida utilis in solid state fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 166(2), 348–364 (2012)
108. Edwinoliver, N.G., Thirunavukarasu, K., Naidu, R.B., Gowthaman, M.K., Nakajima Kambe, T., Kamini, N.R.: Scale up of a novel tri-substrate fermentation for enhanced production of Aspergillus niger lipase for tallow hydrolysis. Bioresour Technol 101, 6791–6796 (2010)
109. Esakkiraj, P., Usha, R., Palavesam, A., Immanuel, G.: Solid-state production of esterase using fish processing wastes by Bacillus altitudinis AP-MSU. Food Bioprod Process 90, 370–376 (2012)
110. Sellami, M., Kedachi, S., Frikha, F., Miled, N., Ben Rebah, F.: Optimization of marine waste based-growth media for microbial lipase production using mixture design methodology. Environ Technol 34(15), 2259–2266 (2013)
111. Toscano, L., Montero, G., Stoytcheva, M., Gochev, V., Cervantes, L., Campbell, H., Zlatev, R., Valdez, B., Pérez, C., Gil-Samaniego, M.: Lipase production through solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial residues as substrates and newly isolated fungal strains. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 27(5), 4074–4077 (2013)
112. Falony, G., Armas, J.C., Mendoza, J.C.D., Hernández, J.L.M.: Production of extracellular lipase from aspergillus Niger by solid-state fermentation. Food Technol. Biotechnol 44(2), 235–240 (2006)
113. Bajaj, A., Lohan, P., Jha, P.N., Mehrotra, R.: Biodiesel production through lipase catalyzed transesterification: an overview. J Mol Catal B Enzym 62(1), 9–14 (2010)
114. Dijkstra, A.J.: Enzymatic degumming. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 112(11), 1178–1189 (2010)