A review of nanotechnological approaches for the prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS

Biomaterials

Volumn 34, Issue 26, 2013, Pages 6202-6228

  Date, Abhijit A ^a   Destache, Christopher J ^a  

^a CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Dendrimers; HIV; Nanotechnology; Polymeric nanoparticles; Prophylaxis; Vaginal delivery

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS; CLINICAL TRIAL; HIV; PARADIGM SHIFTS; POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES; PREVENTION STRATEGIES; PROPHYLAXIS; VAGINAL DELIVERY;

DENDRIMERS; DIAGNOSIS; LIPOSOMES; NANOCRYSTALS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NUCLEIC ACIDS;

DISEASES;

ACICLOVIR; CARBOMER; CHITOSAN; DAPIVIRINE; DENDRIMER; DEXTRAN SULFATE; EFAVIRENZ; EMTRICITABINE; EMTRICITABINE PLUS TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; ETRAVIRINE; GALACTOSYLCERAMIDE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS VACCINE; LECTIN RECEPTOR; LIPOSOME; MARAVIROC; N [4 CHLORO 3 (3 METHYL 2 BUTENYLOXY)PHENYL] 2 METHYL 3 FURANCARBOTHIOAMIDE; NANOCARRIER; NANOCRYSTAL; NANOPARTICLE; NEVIRAPINE; POLYAMIDOAMINE; RALTEGRAVIR; RILPIVIRINE; SIALIC ACID; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE; TENOFOVIR; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VIVAGEL;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COMPARATIVE STUDY; DENDRITIC CELL; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG SOLUBILITY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 INFECTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; HYDROPHILICITY; IC 50; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; PARTICLE SIZE; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RNA INTERFERENCE; SIDE EFFECT;

AIDS VACCINES; ANIMALS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; DRUG CARRIERS; HIV; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; NANOMEDICINE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; RNA, SMALL INTERFERING;

EID: 84878661829     PISSN: 01429612     EISSN: 18785905     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.012     Document Type: Review

References (273)

1. Mamo T., Moseman E.A., Kolishetti N., Salvador-Morales C., Shi J., Kuritzkes D.R., et al. Emerging nanotechnology approaches for HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention. Nanomedicine (London) 2010, 5:269-285.
2. Buckheit R.W., Watson K.M., Morrow K.M., Ham A.S. Development of topical microbicides to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV. Antiviral Res 2010, 85:142-158.
3. Pirrone V., Wigdahl B., Krebs F.C. The rise and fall of polyanionic inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Antiviral Res 2011, 90:168-182.
4. Majid A., Redfield R., Gilliam B. The use of preexposure prophylaxis treatments for HIV prophylaxis. HIV/AIDS Res Palliative Care 2012, 4:17-28.
5. Mahajan S.D., Aalinkeel R., Law W.C., Reynolds J.L., Nair B.B., Sykes D.E., et al. Anti-HIV-1 nanotherapeutics: promises and challenges for the future. Int J Nanomedicine 2012, 7:5301-5314.
6. Hankins C.A., Dybul M.R. The promise of pre-exposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral drugs to prevent HIV transmission: a review. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2013, 8:50-58.
7. Morris G.C., Lacey C.J. Microbicides and HIV prevention: lessons from the past, looking to the future. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2010, 23:57-63.
8. Turpin J. Topical microbicides to prevent the transmission of HIV: formulation gaps and challenges. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2011, 1:194-200.
9. Adams J.L., Kashuba A.D. Formulation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of topical microbicides. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2012, 26:451-462.
10. Abdool Karim S.S., Baxter C. Overview of microbicides for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2012, 26:427-439.
11. Wren L., Kent S.J. HIV vaccine efficacy trial: glimmers of hope and the potential role of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Hum Vaccin 2011, 7:466-473.
12. Koff W.C. HIV vaccine development: challenges and opportunities towards solving the HIV vaccine-neutralizing antibody problem. Vaccine 2012, 30:4310-4315.
13. McKinnon L.R., Card C.M. HIV vaccine efficacy trials: a brief history, and options for going forward. AIDS Rev 2010, 12:209-217.
14. ®) in healthy young women administered twice daily for 14 days. PLoS One 2011, 6:e16258.
15. McGowan I., Gomez K., Bruder K., Febo I., Chen B.A., Richardson B.A., et al. Phase 1 randomized trial of the vaginal safety and acceptability of SPL7013 gel (VivaGel) in sexually active young women (MTN-004). AIDS 2011 May 15, 25(8):1057-1064.
16. ®) retains potent HIV-1 and HSV-2 inhibitory activity following vaginal administration in humans. PLoS One 2011, 6. e24095.
17. Moscicki A.B., Kaul R., Ma Y., Scott M.E., Daud, Bukusi E.A., et al. Measurement of mucosal biomarkers in a phase 1 trial of intravaginal 3% StarPharma LTD 7013 gel (VivaGel) to assess expanded safety. JAcquir Immune Defic Syndr 2012, 59:134-140.
18. Ramjee G., Kamali A., McCormack S. The last decade of microbicide clinical trials in Africa: from hypothesis to facts. AIDS 2010, 24(Suppl. 4):S40-S49.
19. Ramjee G. Microbicide research: current and future directions. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2010, 5:316-321.
20. Cohen M.S., Muessig K.E., Smith M.K., Powers K.A., Kashuba A.D.M. Antiviral agents and HIV prevention: controversies, conflicts, and consensus. AIDS 2012, 26:1585-1598.
21. Celum C., Baeten J.M. Tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: evolving evidence. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012, 25:51-57.
22. Buchbindber S.P., Liu A. Pre-exposure prophylaxis and the promise of combination prevention approaches. AIDS Behav 2011, 15(Suppl. 1):S72-S79.
23. Rosenberg Z.F., Devlin B. Future strategies in microbicide development. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2012, 26:503-513.
24. Haaland R.E., Evans-Strickfaden T., Holder A., Pau C.P., McNicholl J.M., Chaikummao S., et al. UC781 microbicide gel retains anti-HIV activity in cervicovaginal lavage fluids collected following twice-daily vaginal application. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012, 56:3592-3596.
25. (accessed on February 25, 2013). http://www.ipmglobal.org/our-work/research/clinical-trial.
26. Katakowski J.A., Palliser D. siRNA-based topical microbicides targeting sexually transmitted infections. Curr Opin Mol Ther 2010, 12:192-202.
27. Symonds G.P., Johnstone H.A., Millington M.L., Boyd M.P., Burke B.P., Breton L.R. The use of cell-delivered gene therapy for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Immunol Res 2010, 48:84-98.
28. Zeller S.J., Kumar P. RNA-based gene therapy for the treatment and prevention of HIV: from bench to bedside. Yale J Biol Med 2011, 84:301-309.
29. Yang S., Chen Y., Ahmadie R., Ho E.A. Advancements in the field of intravaginal siRNA delivery. JControl Release 2013, 167:29-39.
30. Guzman-Villanueva D., El-Sherbiny I.M., Herrera-Ruiz D., Vlassov A.V., Smyth H.D. Formulation approaches to short interfering RNA and MicroRNA: challenges and implications. JPharm Sci 2012, 101:4046-4066.
31. Sharma P., Garg S. Pure drug and polymer based nanotechnologies for the improved solubility, stability, bioavailability and targeting of anti-HIV drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010, 62:491-502.
32. Khalil N.M., Carraro E., Cótica L.F., Mainardes R.M. Potential of polymeric nanoparticles in AIDS treatment and prevention. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011, 8:95-112.
33. Grammen C., Augustijns P., Brouwers J. Invitro profiling of the vaginal permeation potential of anti-HIV microbicides and the influence of formulation excipients. Antiviral Res 2012, 96:226-233.
34. Arab-Alameddine M., Fayet-Mello A., Lubomirov R., Neely M., di Iulio J., Owen A., et al. Population pharmacokinetic analysis and pharmacogenetics of raltegravir in HIV-positive and healthy individuals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012, 56:2959-2966.
35. Forbes C.J., Lowry D., Geer L., Veazey R.S., Shattock R.J., Klasse P.J., et al. Non-aqueous silicone elastomer gels as a vaginal microbicide delivery system for the HIV-1 entry inhibitor maraviroc. JControl Release 2011, 156:161-169.
36. Akil A., Parniak M.A., Dezzuitti C.S., Moncla B.J., Cost M.R., Li M., et al. Development and characterization of a vaginal film containing dapivirine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), for prevention of HIV-1 sexual transmission. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2011, 1:209-222.
37. Weuts I., Van Dycke F., Voorspoels J., De Cort S., Stokbroekx S., Leemans R., et al. Physicochemical properties of the amorphous drug, cast films, and spray dried powders to predict formulation probability of success for solid dispersions: etravirine. JPharm Sci 2011, 100:260-274.
38. Schöller-Gyüre M., Kakuda T.N., De Smedt G., Vanaken H., Bouche M.P., Peeters M., et al. Apharmacokinetic study of etravirine (TMC125) co-administered with ranitidine and omeprazole in HIV-negative volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008, 66:508-516.
39. Mathias A., Menning M., Wiser L., Wei X., Dave A., Chuck S., et al. Bioequivalence of the emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate single tablet regimen. JBioequiv Availab 2012, 4:100-105.
40. Naesens L., Bischofberger N., Augustijns P., Annaert P., Van den Mooter G., Arimilli M.N., et al. Antiretroviral efficacy and pharmacokinetics of oral bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998, 42:1568-1573.
41. Mesquita P.M., Rastogi R., Segarra T.J., Teller R.S., Torres N.M., Huber A.M., et al. Intravaginal ring delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of HIV and herpes simplex virus infection. JAntimicrob Chemother 2012, 67:1730-1738.
42. Di Fabio S., Van Roey J., Giannini G., van den Mooter G., Spada M., Binelli A., et al. Inhibition of vaginal transmission of HIV-1 in hu-SCID mice by the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC120 in a gel formulation. AIDS 2003, 17:1597-1604.
43. Friend D.R. Pharmaceutical development of microbicide drug products. Pharm Dev Technol 2010, 15:562-581.
44. Frenkel Y.V., Clark A.D., Das K., Wang Y.H., Lewi P.J., Janssen P.A., et al. Concentration and pH dependent aggregation of hydrophobic drug molecules and relevance to oral bioavailability. JMed Chem 2005, 48:1974-1983.
45. Damian F., Fabian J., Friend D.R., Kiser P.F. Approaches to improve the stability of the antiviral agent UC781 in aqueous solutions. Int J Pharm 2010, 396:1-10.
46. Moss D.M., Siccardi M., Murphy M., Piperakis M.M., Khoo S.H., Back D.J., et al. Divalent metals and pH alter raltegravir disposition invitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012, 56:3020-3026.
47. van Gelder J., Deferme S., Naesens L., De Clercq E., van den Mooter G., Kinget R., et al. Intestinal absorption enhancement of the ester prodrug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate through modulation of the biochemical barrier by defined ester mixtures. Drug Metab Dispos 2002, 30:924-930.
48. Zembruski N.C., Büchel G., Jödicke L., Herzog M., Haefeli W.E., Weiss J. Potential of novel antiretrovirals to modulate expression and function of drug transporters invitro. JAntimicrob Chemother 2011, 66:802-812.
49. Weatherley B., McFadyen L. Maraviroc modelling strategy: use of early phase 1 data to support a semi-mechanistic population pharmacokinetic model. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009, 68:355-369.
50. Dezzutti C.S., Rohan L.C., Wang L., Uranker K., Shetler C., Cost M., et al. Reformulated tenofovir gel for use as a dual compartment microbicide. JAntimicrob Chemother 2012, 67:2139-2142.
51. Lacey C.J., Woodhall S., Qi Z., Sawant S., Cowen M., McCormack S., et al. Unacceptable side-effects associated with a hyperosmolar vaginal microbicide in a phase 1 trial. Int J STD AIDS 2010, 21:714-717.
52. du Toit L.C., Pillay V., Choonara Y.E. Nano-microbicides: challenges in drug delivery, patient ethics and intellectual property in the war against HIV/AIDS. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010, 62:532-546.
53. Mallipeddi R., Rohan L.C. Nanoparticle-based vaginal drug delivery systems for HIV prevention. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010, 7:37-48.
54. Mallipeddi R., Rohan L.C. Progress in antiretroviral drug delivery using nanotechnology. Int J Nanomed 2010 Aug 9, 5:533-547.
55. Desai P., Date A.A., Patravale V.B. Overcoming poor oral bioavailability using nanoparticle formulations - opportunities and limitations. Drug Discov Today Technol 2012, 9:e87-e95.
56. Kim P.S., Read S.W. Nanotechnology and HIV: potential applications for treatment and prevention. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 Nov-Dec, 2(6):693-702.
57. Menjoge A.R., Kannan R.M., Tomalia D.A. Dendrimer-based drug and imaging conjugates: design considerations for nanomedical applications. Drug Discov Today 2010, 15:171-185.
58. McCarthy T.D., Karellas P., Henderson S.A., Giannis M., O'Keefe D.F., Heery G., et al. Dendrimers as drugs: discovery and preclinical and clinical development of dendrimer-based microbicides for HIV and STI prevention. Mol Pharm 2005, 2:312-318.
59. Zanini D., Roy R. Novel dendritic alpha-sialosides: synthesis of glycodendrimers based on a 3,3'-iminobis(propylamine) core. JOrg Chem 1996, 61:7348-7354.
60. Tyssen D., Henderson S.A., Johnson A., Sterjovski J., Moore K., La J., et al. Structure activity relationship of dendrimer microbicides with dual action antiviral activity. PLoS One 2010, 5:e12309.
61. Witvrouw M., Fikkert V., Pluymers W., Matthews B., Mardel K., Schols D., et al. Polyanionic (i.e., polysulfonate) dendrimers can inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus by interfering with both virus adsorption and later steps (reverse transcriptase/integrase) in the virus replicative cycle. Mol Pharmacol 2000, 58:1100-1108.
62. Rupp R., Rosenthal S.L., Stanberry L.R. VivaGel (SPL7013 Gel): a candidate dendrimer-microbicide for the prevention of HIV and HSV infection. Int J Nanomedicine 2007, 2:561-566.
63. Telwatte S., Moore K., Johnson A., Tyssen D., Sterjovski J., Aldunate M., et al. Virucidal activity of the dendrimer microbicide SPL7013 against HIV-1. Antiviral Res 2011, 90:195-199.
64. Patton D.L., Cosgrove Sweeney Y.T., McCarthy T.D., Hillier S.L. Preclinical safety and efficacy assessments of dendrimer-based (SPL7013) microbicide gel formulations in a nonhuman primate model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006, 50:1696-1700.
65. O'Loughlin J., Millwood I.Y., McDonald H.M., Price C.F., Kaldor J.M., Paull J.R. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of SPL7013 gel (VivaGel): a dose ranging, phase I study. Sex Transm Dis 2010, 37:100-104.
66. Owais M., Gupta C.M. Targeted drug delivery to macrophages in parasitic infections. Curr Drug Deliv 2005, 2:311-318.
67. Baribaud F., Doms R.W., Pöhlmann S. The role of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR in HIV and Ebola virus infection: can potential therapeutics block virus transmission and dissemination?. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2002, 6:423-431.
68. Fanibunda S.E., Modi D.N., Gokral J.S., Bandivdekar A.H. HIV gp120 binds to mannose receptor on vaginal epithelial cells and induces production of matrix metalloproteinases. PLoS One 2011, 6:e28014.
69. Fanibunda S.E., Velhal S.M., Raghavan V.P., Bandivdekar A.H. CD4 independent binding of HIV gp120 to mannose receptor on human spermatozoa. JAcquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008, 48:389-397.
70. Kensinger R.D., Yowler B.C., Benesi A.J., Schengrund C.L. Synthesis of novel, multivalent glycodendrimers as ligands for HIV-1 gp120. Bioconjug Chem 2004, 15:349-358.
71. Tabarani G., Reina J.J., Ebel C., Vivès C., Lortat-Jacob H., Rojo J., et al. Mannose hyperbranched dendritic polymers interact with clustered organization of DC-SIGN and inhibit gp120 binding. FEBS Lett 2006, 580:2402-2408.
72. Kensinger R.D., Catalone B.J., Krebs F.C., Wigdahl B., Schengrund C.L. Novel polysulfated galactose-derivatized dendrimers as binding antagonists of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2004, 48:1614-1623.
73. Han S., Yoshida D., Kanamoto T., Nakashima H., Uryu T., Yoshida T. Sulfated oligosaccharide cluster with polylysine core scaffold as a new anti-HIV dendrimer. Carbohydr Poly 2010, 80:1111-1115.
74. Han S., Kanamoto T., Nakashima H., Yoshida T. Synthesis of a new amphiphilic glycodendrimer with antiviral functionality. Carbohydr Polym 2012, 90:1061-1068.
75. Clayton R., Hardman J., LaBranche C.C., McReynolds K.D. Evaluation of the synthesis of sialic acid-PAMAM glycodendrimers without the use of sugar protecting groups, and the anti-HIV-1 properties of these compounds. Bioconjug Chem 2011, 22:2186-2197.
76. Rosa Borges A., Wieczorek L., Johnson B., Benesi A.J., Brown B.K., Kensinger R.D., et al. Multivalent dendrimeric compounds containing carbohydrates expressed on immune cells inhibit infection by primary isolates of HIV-1. Virology 2010, 408:80-88.
77. Sattin S., Daghetti A., Thépaut M., Berzi A., Sánchez-Navarro M., Tabarani G., et al. Inhibition of DC-SIGN-mediated HIV infection by a linear trimannoside mimic in a tetravalent presentation. ACS Chem Biol 2010, 5:301-312.
78. Berzi A., Reina J.J., Ottria R., Sutkeviciute I., Antonazzo P., Sanchez-Navarro M., et al. Aglycomimetic compound inhibits DC-SIGN-mediated HIV infection in cellular and cervical explant models. AIDS 2012, 26:127-137.
79. Doménech R., Abian O., Bocanegra R., Correa J., Sousa-Herves A., Riguera R., et al. Dendrimers as potential inhibitors of the dimerization of the capsid protein of HIV-1. Biomacromolecules 2010, 11:2069-2078.
80. Blanzat M., Turrin C.O., Aubertin A.M., Couturier-Vidal C., Caminade A.M., Majoral J.P., et al. Dendritic catanionic assemblies: invitro anti-HIV activity of phosphorus-containing dendrimers bearing galβ1cer analogues. Chembiochem 2005, 6:2207-2213.
81. Pérez-Anes A., Stefaniu C., Moog C., Majoral J.P., Blanzat M., Turrin C.O., et al. Multivalent catanionic GalCer analogs derived from first generation dendrimeric phosphonic acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2010, 18:242-248.
82. Pérez-Anes A., Spataro G., Coppel Y., Moog C., Blanzat M., Turrin C.O., et al. Phosphonate terminated PPH dendrimers: influence of pendant alkyl chains on the invitro anti-HIV-1 properties. Org Biomol Chem 2009, 7:3491-3498.
83. Chonco L., Bermejo-Martín J.F., Ortega P., Shcharbin D., Pedziwiatr E., Klajnert B., et al. Water-soluble carbosilane dendrimers protect phosphorothioate oligonucleotides from binding to serum proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2007, 5:1886-1893.
84. Weber N., Ortega P., Clemente M.I., Shcharbin D., Bryszewska M., de la Mata F.J., et al. Characterization of carbosilane dendrimers as effective carriers of siRNA to HIV-infected lymphocytes. JControl Release 2008, 132:55-64.
85. Chonco L., Pion M., Vacas E., Rasines B., Maly M., Serramía M.J., et al. Carbosilane dendrimer nanotechnology outlines of the broad HIV blocker profile. JControl Release 2012, 161:949-958.
86. Dutta T., Garg M., Jain N.K. Targeting of efavirenz loaded tuftsin conjugated poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers to HIV infected macrophages invitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008, 34:181-189.
87. Dutta T., Jain N.K. Targeting potential and anti-HIV activity of lamivudine loaded mannosylated poly (propyleneimine) dendrimer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007, 1770:681-686.
88. Navath R.S., Menjoge A.R., Dai H., Romero R., Kannan S., Kannan R.M. Injectable PAMAM dendrimer-PEG hydrogels for the treatment of genital infections: formulation and invitro and invivo evaluation. Mol Pharm 2011, 8:1209-1223.
89. Pinto Reis C., Neufeld R.J., Ribeiro A.J., Veiga F., Nanoencapsulation I. Methods forpreparation of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomedicine 2006, 2:8-21.
90. Pinto Reis C., Neufeld R.J., Ribeiro A.J., Veiga F. Nanoencapsulation II. Biomedical applications and current status of peptide and protein nanoparticulate delivery systems. Nanomedicine 2006, 2:53-65.
91. Ham A.S., Cost M.R., Sassi A.B., Dezzutti C.S., Rohan L.C. Targeted delivery of PSC-RANTES for HIV-1 prevention using biodegradable nanoparticles. Pharm Res 2009, 26:502-511.
92. Woodrow K.A., Cu Y., Booth C.J., Saucier-Sawyer J.K., Wood M.J., Saltzman W.M. Intravaginal gene silencing using biodegradable polymer nanoparticles densely loaded with small-interfering RNA. Nat Mater 2009, 8:526-533.
93. Panyam J., Zhou W.Z., Prabha S., Sahoo S.K., Labhasetwar V. Rapid endo-lysosomal escape of poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles: implications for drug and gene delivery. FASEB J 2002, 16:1217-1226.
94. Cu Y., Booth C.J., Saltzman W.M. Invivo distribution of surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles following intravaginal delivery. JControl Release 2011, 156:258-264.
95. Steinbach J.M., Weller C.E., Booth C.J., Saltzman W.M. Polymer nanoparticles encapsulating siRNA for treatment of HSV-2 genital infection. JControl Release 2012, 162:102-110.
96. Ensign L.M., Tang B.C., Wang Y.Y., Tse T.A., Hoen T., Cone R., et al. Mucus-penetrating nanoparticles for vaginal drug delivery protect against herpes simplex virus. Sci Transl Med 2012, 4:138-179.
97. Zhang T., Sturgis T.F., Youan B.B. pH-responsive nanoparticles releasing tenofovir intended for the prevention of HIV transmission. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011, 79:526-536.
98. Meng J., Sturgis T.F., Youan B.B. Engineering tenofovir loaded chitosan nanoparticles to maximize microbicide mucoadhesion. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011, 44:57-67.
99. Belletti D., Tosi G., Forni F., Gamberini M.C., Baraldi C., Vandelli M.A., et al. Chemico-physical investigation of tenofovir loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2012, 436:753-763.
100. das Neves J., Michiels J., Ariën K.K., Vanham G., Amiji M., Bahia M.F., et al. Polymeric nanoparticles affect the intracellular delivery, antiretroviral activity and cytotoxicity of the microbicide drug candidate dapivirine. Pharm Res 2012, 29:1468-1484.
101. Yoo J.W., Giri N., Lee C.H. pH-sensitive Eudragit nanoparticles for mucosal drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2011, 403:262-267.
102. Destache C.J., Belgum T., Christensen K., Shibata A., Sharma A., Dash A. Combination antiretroviral drugs in PLGA nanoparticle for HIV-1. BMC Infect Dis 2009, 9:198.
103. Destache C.J., Belgum T., Goede M., Shibata A., Belshan M.A. Antiretroviral release from poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles in mice. JAntimicrob Chemother 2010, 65:2183-2187.
104. Neff C.P., Ndolo T., Tandon A., Habu Y., Akkina R. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis by anti-retrovirals raltegravir and maraviroc protects against HIV-1 vaginal transmission in a humanized mouse model. PLoS One 2010, 5:e15257.
105. Clavel C., Peytavin G., Tubiana R., Soulié C., Crenn-Hebert C., Heard I., et al. Raltegravir concentrations in the genital tract of HIV-1-infected women treated with a raltegravir-containing regimen (DIVA 01 study). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011, 55:3018-3021.
106. Koh Y., Haim H., Engelman A. Identification and characterization of persistent intracellular human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011, 55:42-49.
107. Ghosn J., Chaix M.L., Delaugerre C. HIV-1 resistance to first- and second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. AIDS Rev. 2009 Jul-Sep, 11(3):165-173.
108. Ford N., Calmy A., Mofenson L. Safety of efavirenz in the first trimester of pregnancy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS 2011 Nov 28, 25(18):2301-2304.
109. Date A.A., Shibata A., Goede M., Sanford B., La Bruzzo K., Belshan M., et al. Development and evaluation of a thermosensitive vaginal gel containing raltegravir+efavirenz loaded nanoparticles for HIV prophylaxis. Antiviral Res 2012, 96:430-436.
110. Shah K.A., Date A.A., Joshi M.D., Patravale V.B. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) of tretinoin: potential in topical delivery. Int J Pharm 2007, 345:163-171.
111. Ruel-Gariépy E., Leroux J.C. In situ-forming hydrogels-review of temperature-sensitive systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004, 58:409-426.
112. Roy S., Gourde P., Piret J., Désormeaux A., Lamontagne J., Haineault C., et al. Thermoreversible gel formulations containing sodium lauryl sulfate or n-Lauroylsarcosine as potential topical microbicides against sexually transmitted diseases. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother 2001, 45:1671-1681.
113. Hamdy S., Haddadi A., Hung R.W., Lavasanifar A. Targeting dendritic cells with nano-particulate PLGA cancer vaccine formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011, 63:943-955.
114. De Temmerman M.L., Rejman J., Demeester J., Irvine D.J., Gander B., De Smedt S.C. Particulate vaccines: on the quest for optimal delivery and immune response. Drug Discov Today 2011, 16:569-582.
115. Peek L.J., Middaugh C.R., Berkland C. Nanotechnology in vaccine delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008, 60:915-928.
116. Ataman-Onal Y., Munier S., Ganée A., Terrat C., Durand P.Y., Battail N., et al. Surfactant-free anionic PLA nanoparticles coated with HIV-1 p24 protein induced enhanced cellular and humoral immune responses in various animal models. JControl Release 2006, 112:175-185.
117. Lamalle-Bernard D., Munier S., Compagnon C., Charles M.H., Kalyanaraman V.S., Delair T., et al. Coadsorption of HIV-1 p24 and gp120 proteins to surfactant-free anionic PLA nanoparticlespreserves antigenicity and immunogenicity. JControl Release 2006, 115:57-67.
118. Guillon C., Mayol K., Terrat C., Compagnon C., Primard C., Charles M.H., et al. Formulation of HIV-1 Tat and p24 antigens by PLA nanoparticles or MF59 impacts the breadth, but not the magnitude, of serum and faecal antibody responses in rabbits. Vaccine 2007, 25:7491-7501.
119. Aline F., Brand D., Pierre J., Roingeard P., Séverine M., Verrier B., et al. Dendritic cells loaded with HIV-1 p24 proteins adsorbed on surfactant-free anionic PLA nanoparticles induce enhanced cellular immune responses against HIV-1 after vaccination. Vaccine 2009, 27:5284-5291.
120. Liard C., Munier S., Arias M., Joulin-Giet A., Bonduelle O., Duffy D., et al. Targeting of HIV-p24 particle-based vaccine into differential skin layers induces distinct arms of the immune responses. Vaccine 2011, 29:6379-6391.
121. Wang X., Uto T., Akagi T., Akashi M., Baba M. Induction of potent CD8+ T-cell responses by novel biodegradable nanoparticles carrying human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120. JVirol 2007, 81:10009-10016.
122. Wang X., Uto T., Akagi T., Akashi M., Baba M. Poly(gamma-glutamic acid) nanoparticles as an efficient antigen delivery and adjuvant system: potential for an AIDS vaccine. JMed Virol 2008, 80:11-19.
123. Uto T., Akagi T., Toyama M., Nishi Y., Shima F., Akashi M., et al. Comparative activity of biodegradable nanoparticles with aluminum adjuvants: antigen uptake by dendritic cells and induction of immune response in mice. Immunol Lett 2011, 140:36-43.
124. Himeno A., Akagi T., Uto T., Wang X., Baba M., Ibuki K., et al. Evaluation of the immune response and protective effects of rhesus macaques vaccinated with biodegradable nanoparticles carrying gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus. Vaccine 2010, 28:5377-5385.
125. Hayakawa T., Kawamura M., Okamoto M., Baba M., Niikawa T., Takehara S., et al. Concanavalin A-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres capture HIV-1 virions and gp120: potential approach towards prevention of viral transmission. JMed Virol 1998, 56:327-331.
126. Kawamura M., Naito T., Ueno M., Akagi T., Hiraishi K., Takai I., et al. Induction of mucosal IgA following intravaginal administration of inactivated HIV-1-capturing nanospheres in mice. JMed Virol 2002, 66:291-298.
127. Akagi T., Kawamura M., Ueno M., Hiraishi K., Adachi M., Serizawa T., et al. Mucosal immunization with inactivated HIV-1-capturing nanospheres induces a significant HIV-1-specific vaginal antibody response in mice. JMed Virol 2003, 69:163-172.
128. Kawamura M., Wang X., Uto T., Sato K., Ueno M., Akagi T., et al. Induction of dendritic cell-mediated immune responses against HIV-1 by antigen-capturing nanospheres in mice. JMed Virol 2005, 76:7-15.
129. Miyake A., Akagi T., Enose Y., Ueno M., Kawamura M., Horiuchi R., et al. Induction of HIV-specific antibody response and protection against vaginal SHIV transmission by intranasal immunization with inactivated SHIV-capturing nanospheres in macaques. JMed Virol 2004, 73:368-377.
130. Drogoz A., Munier S., Verrier B., David L., Domard A., Delair T. Towards biocompatible vaccine delivery systems: interactions of colloidal PECs based on polysaccharides with HIV-1 p24 antigen. Biomacromolecules 2008, 9:583-591.
131. Weber C., Drogoz A., David L., Domard A., Charles M.H., Verrier B., et al. Polysaccharide-based vaccine delivery systems: Macromolecular assembly, interactions with antigen presenting cells, and invivo immunomonitoring. JBiomed Mater Res A 2010, 93:1322-1334.
132. Castaldello A., Brocca-Cofano E., Voltan R., Triulzi C., Altavilla G., Laus M., et al. DNA prime and protein boost immunization with innovative polymeric cationic core-shell nanoparticles elicits broad immune responses and strongly enhance cellular responses of HIV-1 tat DNA vaccination. Vaccine 2006, 24:5655-5669.
133. Qiao Y., Huang Y., Qiu C., Yue X., Deng L., Wan Y., et al. The use of PEGylated poly [2-(N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] as a mucosal DNA delivery vector and the activation of innate immunity and improvement of HIV-1-specific immune responses. Biomaterials 2010, 31:115-123.
134. Voltan R., Castaldello A., Brocca-Cofano E., Altavilla G., Caputo A., Laus M., et al. Preparation and characterization of innovative protein-coated poly(methylmethacrylate) core-shell nanoparticles for vaccine purposes. Pharm Res 2007, 24:1870-1882.
135. Caputo A., Castaldello A., Brocca-Cofano E., Voltan R., Bortolazzi F., Altavilla G., et al. Induction of humoral and enhanced cellular immune responses by novel core-shell nanosphere- and microsphere-based vaccine formulations following systemic and mucosal administration. Vaccine 2009, 27:3605-3615.
136. Zhu Q., Talton J., Zhang G., Cunningham T., Wang Z., Waters R.C., et al. Large intestine-targeted, nanoparticle-releasing oral vaccine to control genitorectal viral infect. Nat Med 2012, 18:1291-1296.
137. Allen T.M. Liposomal drug formulations. Rationale for development and what we can expect for the future. Drugs 1998, 56:747-756.
138. Szebeni J. The interaction of liposomes with the complement system. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 1998, 15:57-88.
139. Désormeaux A., Bergeron M.G. Liposomes as drug delivery system: a strategic approach for the treatment of HIV infection. JDrug Target 1998, 6:1-15.
140. Torchilin V.P. Recent advances with liposomes as pharmaceutical carriers. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2005, 4:145-160.
141. Elizondo E., Moreno E., Cabrera I., Córdoba A., Sala S., Veciana J., et al. Liposomes and other vesicular systems: structural characteristics, methods of preparation, and use in nanomedicine. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 2011, 104:1-52.
142. Date A.A., Joshi M.D., Patravale V.B. Parasitic diseases: liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles versus lipid nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007, 59:505-521.
143. Bui T., Dykers T., Hu S.L., Faltynek C.R., Ho R.J. Effect of MTP-PE liposomes and interleukin-7 on induction of antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to a recombinant HIV-envelope protein. JAcquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994, 7:799-806.
144. Phillips N.C., Gagné L., Ivanoff N., Riveau G. Influence of phospholipid composition on antibody responses to liposome encapsulated protein and peptide antigens. Vaccine 1996, 14:898-904.
145. Okada E., Sasaki S., Ishii N., Aoki I., Yasuda T., Nishioka K., et al. Intranasal immunization of a DNA vaccine with IL-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing plasmids in liposomes induces strong mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses against HIV-1 antigens. JImmunol 1997, 159:3638-3647.
146. Toda S., Ishii N., Okada E., Kusakabe K.I., Arai H., Hamajima K., et al. HIV-1-specific cell-mediated immune responses induced by DNA vaccination were enhanced by mannan-coated liposomes and inhibited by anti-interferon-gamma antibody. Immunology 1997, 92:111-117.
147. Fukasawa M., Shimizu Y., Shikata K., Nakata M., Sakakibara R., Yamamoto N., et al. Liposome oligomannose-coated with neoglycolipid, a new candidate for a safe adjuvant for induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. FEBS Lett 1998, 441:353-356.
148. Ben Haij N., Mzoughi O., Planès R., Bahraoui E. Cationic nanoglycolipidic particles as vector and adjuvant for the study of the immunogenicity of SIV Nef protein. Int J Pharm 2012, 423:116-123.
149. Simões S., Moreira J.N., Fonseca C., Düzgüneş N., de Lima M.C. On the formulation of pH-sensitive liposomes with long circulation times. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2004, 56:947-965.
150. Reddy R., Zhou F., Huang L., Carbone F., Bevan M., Rouse B.T. pH sensitive liposomes provide an efficient means of sensitizing target cells to class I restricted CTL recognition of a soluble protein. JImmunol Methods 1991, 141:157-163.
151. Harding C.V., Collins D.S., Kanagawa O., Unanue E.R. Liposome-encapsulated antigens engender lysosomal processing for class II MHC presentation and cytosolic processing for class I presentation. JImmunol 1991, 147:2860-2863.
152. Chang J.S., Choi M.J., Kim T.Y., Cho S.Y., Cheong H.S. Immunogenicity of synthetic HIV-1 V3 loop peptides by MPL adjuvanted pH-sensitive liposomes. Vaccine 1999, 17:1540-1548.
153. Lian T., Bui T., Ho R.J. Formulation of HIV-envelope protein with lipid vesicles expressing ganglioside GM1 associated to cholera toxin B enhances mucosal immune responses. Vaccine 1999, 18:604-611.
154. Sakaue G., Hiroi T., Nakagawa Y., Someya K., Iwatani K., Sawa Y., et al. HIV mucosal vaccine: nasal immunization with gp160-encapsulated hemagglutinating virus of Japan-liposome induces antigen-specific CTLs and neutralizing antibody responses. JImmunol 2003, 170:495-502.
155. Agrawal L., Haq W., Hanson C.V., Rao D.N. Generating neutralizing antibodies, Th1 response and MHC non restricted immunogenicity of HIV-I env and gag peptides in liposomes and ISCOMs with in-built adjuvanticity. JImmune Based Ther Vaccines 2003, 1:5.
156. Rao M., Matyas G.R., Vancott T.C., Birx D.L., Alving C.R. Immunostimulatory CpG motifs induce CTL responses to HIV type I oligomeric gp140 envelope protein. Immunol Cell Biol 2004, 82:523-530.
157. Singh S.K., Bisen P.S. Adjuvanticity of stealth liposomes on the immunogenicity of synthetic gp41 epitope of HIV-1. Vaccine 2006, 24:4161-4166.
158. Watson D.S., Szoka F.C. Role of lipid structure in the humoral immune response in mice to covalent lipid-peptides from the membrane proximal region of HIV-1 gp41. Vaccine 2009, 27:4672-4683.
159. Watson D.S., Platt V.M., Cao L., Venditto V.J., Szoka F.C. Antibody response to polyhistidine-tagged peptide and protein antigens attached to liposomes via lipid-linked nitrilotriacetic acid in mice. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2011, 18:289-297.
160. Fairman J., Moore J., Lemieux M., Van Rompay K., Geng Y., Warner J., et al. Enhanced invivo immunogenicity of SIV vaccine candidates with cationic liposome-DNA complexes in a rhesus macaque pilot study. Hum Vaccin 2009, 5:141-150.
161. Geall A.J., Verma A., Otten G.R., Shaw C.A., Hekele A., Banerjee K., et al. Nonviral delivery of self-amplifying RNA vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012, 109:14,604-14,609.
162. Palliser D., Chowdhury D., Wang Q.Y., Lee S.J., Bronson R.T., Knipe D.M., et al. An siRNA-based microbicide protects mice from lethal herpes simplex virus 2 infection. Nature 2006, 439:89-94.
163. Wu S.Y., Chang H.I., Burgess M., McMillan N.A. Vaginal delivery of siRNA using a novel PEGylated lipoplex-entrapped alginate scaffold system. JControl Release 2011, 155:418-426.
164. Kim S.S., Peer D., Kumar P., Subramanya S., Wu H., Asthana D., et al. RNAi-mediated CCR5 silencing by LFA-1-targeted nanoparticles prevents HIV infection in BLT mice. Mol Ther 2010, 18:370-376.
165. Malavia N.K., Zurakowski D., Schroeder A., Princiotto A.M., Laury A.R., Barash H.E., et al. Liposomes for HIV prophylaxis. Biomaterials 2011, 32:8663-8668.
166. Caron M., Besson G., Etenna S.L., Mintsa-Ndong A., Mourtas S., Radaelli A., et al. Protective properties of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (MC1220) incorporated into liposome against intravaginal challenge of Rhesus macaques with RT-SHIV. Virology 2010, 405:225-233.
167. Pardeike J., Hommoss A., Müller R.H. Lipid nanoparticles (SLN, NLC) in cosmetic and pharmaceutical dermal products. Int J Pharm 2009, 366:170-184.
168. Müller R.H., Shegokar R., Keck C.M. 20 Years of lipid nanoparticles (SLN and NLC): present state of development and industrial applications. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2011, 8:207-227.
169. Alukda D., Sturgis T., Youan B.B. Formulation of tenofovir-loaded functionalized solid lipid nanoparticles intended for HIV prevention. JPharm Sci 2011, 100:3345-3356.
170. Cui Z., Patel J., Tuzova M., Ray P., Phillips R., Woodward J.G., et al. Strong T cell type-1 immune responses to HIV-1 Tat (1-72) protein-coated nanoparticles. Vaccine 2004, 22:2631-2640.
171. Patel J., Galey D., Jones J., Ray P., Woodward J.G., Nath A., et al. HIV-1 Tat-coated nanoparticles result in enhanced humoral immune responses and neutralizing antibodies compared to alum adjuvant. Vaccine 2006, 24:3564-3573.
172. Patel J.D., O'Carra R., Jones J., Woodward J.G., Mumper R.J. Preparation and characterization of nickel nanoparticles for binding to his-tag proteins and antigens. Pharm Res 2007, 24:343-352.
173. Yan W., Jain A., O'Carra R., Woodward J.G., Li W., Li G., et al. Lipid nanoparticles with accessible nickel as a vaccine delivery system for single and multiple His-tagged HIV antigens. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2009, 1:1-11.
174. Jain A., Yan W., Miller K.R., O'Carra R., Woodward J.G., Mumper R.J. Tresyl-based conjugation of protein antigen to lipid nanoparticles increases antigen immunogenicity. Int J Pharm 2010, 401:87-92.
175. Arias M.A., Loxley A., Eatmon C., Van Roey G., Fairhurst D., Mitchnick M., et al. Carnauba wax nanoparticles enhance strong systemic and mucosal cellular and humoral immune responses to HIV-gp140 antigen. Vaccine 2011, 29:1258-1269.
176. Patravale V.B., Date A.A., Kulkarni R.M. Nanosuspensions: a promising drug delivery strategy. JPharm Pharmacol 2004, 56:827-840.
177. Baert L., van't Klooster G., Dries W., François M., Wouters A., Basstanie E., et al. Development of a long-acting injectable formulation with nanoparticles of rilpivirine (TMC278) for HIV treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009, 72:502-508.
178. van't Klooster G., Hoeben E., Borghys H., Looszova A., Bouche M.P., van Velsen F., et al. Pharmacokinetics and disposition of rilpivirine (TMC278) nanosuspension as a long-acting injectable antiretroviral formulation. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010, 54:2042-2050.
179. Elechiguerra J.L., Burt J.L., Morones J.R., Camacho-Bragado A., Gao X., Lara H.H., et al. Interaction of silver nanoparticles with HIV-1. JNanobiotechnol 2005, 3:6.
180. Lara H.H., Ayala-Nuñez N.V., Ixtepan-Turrent L., Rodriguez-Padilla C. Mode of antiviral action of silver nanoparticles against HIV-1. JNanobiotechnol 2010, 8:1.
181. Lara H.H., Ixtepan-Turrent L., Garza-Treviño E.N., Rodriguez-Padilla C. PVP-coated silver nanoparticles block the transmission of cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 in human cervical culture. JNanobiotechnol 2010, 8:15.
182. Lara H.H., Ixtepan-Turrent L., Garza Treviño E.N., Singh D.K. Use of silver nanoparticles increased inhibition of cell-associated HIV-1 infection by neutralizing antibodies developed against HIV-1 envelope proteins. JNanobiotechnol 2011, 9:38.
183. Mohammed Fayaz A., Ao Z., Girilal M., Chen L., Xiao X., Kalaichelvan P., et al. Inactivation of microbial infectiousness by silver nanoparticles-coated condom: a new approach to inhibit HIV- and HSV-transmitted infection. Int J Nanomed 2012, 7:5007-5018.
184. Dykman L., Khlebtsov N. Gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2012, 41:2256-2282.
185. Bowman M.C., Ballard T.E., Ackerson C.J., Feldheim D.L., Margolis D.M., Melander C. Inhibition of HIV fusion with multivalent gold nanoparticles. JAm Chem Soc 2008, 130:6896-6897.
186. Martínez-Avila O., Hijazi K., Marradi M., Clavel C., Campion C., Kelly C., et al. Gold manno-glyconanoparticles: multivalent systems to block HIV-1 gp120 binding to the lectin DC-SIGN. Chemistry 2009, 15:9874-9888.
187. Martínez-Avila O., Bedoya L.M., Marradi M., Clavel C., Alcamí J., Penadés S. Multivalent manno-glyconanoparticles inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated HIV-1 trans-infection of human T cells. ChemBioChem 2009, 10:1806-1809.
188. Marradi M., Di Gianvincenzo P., Enríquez-Navas P.M., Martínez-Ávila O.M., Chiodo F., Yuste E., et al. Gold nanoparticles coated with oligomannosides of HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 mimic the carbohydrate epitope of antibody 2G12. JMol Biol 2011, 410:798-810.
189. Di Gianvincenzo P., Marradi M., Martínez-Avila O.M., Bedoya L.M., Alcamí J., Penadés S. Gold nanoparticles capped with sulfate-ended ligands as anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010, 20:2718-2721.
190. Vijayakumar S., Ganesan S. Gold nanoparticles as an HIV entry inhibitor. Curr HIV Res 2012, 10:643-646.
191. Shiang Y.C., Ou C.M., Chen S.J., Ou T.Y., Lin H.J., Huang C.C., et al. Highly efficient inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by aptamers functionalized gold nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2013, 5:1678-1686.
192. Frimpong R.A., Hilt J.Z. Magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine: synthesis, functionalization and applications. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010, 5:1401-1414.
193. Saiyed Z.M., Gandhi N.H., Nair M.P. AZT 5'-triphosphate nanoformulation suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. JNeurovirol 2009, 15:343-347.
194. Bitar A., Ahmad N.M., Fessi H., Elaissari A. Silica-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Drug Discov Today 2012, 17:1147-1154.
195. 2 nanoparticles as platform for delivery of nucleoside triphosphate analogues into cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2013, 21:703-711.
196. Uskoković V., Uskoković D.P. Nanosized hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphates: chemistry of formation and application as drug and gene delivery agents. JBiomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011, 96:152-191.
197. He Q., Mitchell A., Morcol T., Bell S.J. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles induce mucosal immunity and protection against herpes simplex virus type 2. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2002, 9:1021-1024.
198. Lim S.H., Mao H.Q. Electrospun scaffolds for stem cell engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009, 61:1084-1096.
199. Gunn J., Zhang M. Polyblend nanofibers for biomedical applications: perspectives and challenges. Trends Biotechnol 2010, 28:189-197.
200. Dahlin R.L., Kasper F.K., Mikos A.G. Polymeric nanofibers in tissue engineering. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2011, 17:349-364.
201. Huang C., Soenen S.J., van Gulck E., Vanham G., Rejman J., Van Calenbergh S., et al. Electrospun cellulose acetate phthalate fibers for semen induced anti-HIV vaginal drug delivery. Biomaterials 2012, 33:962-969.
202. Ball C., Krogstad E., Chaowanachan T., Woodrow K.A. Drug-eluting fibers for HIV-1 inhibition and contraception. PLoS One 2012, 7:e49792.
203. Lee J.E., Lee N., Kim T., Kim J., Hyeon T. Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanocomposite nanoparticles for theranostic applications. Acc Chem Res 2011, 44:893-902.
204. Hao Y., Yang X., Song S., Huang M., He C., Cui M., et al. Exploring the cell uptake mechanism of phospholipid and polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2012, 23:045103.
205. Chavanpatil M.D., Handa H., Mao G., Panyam J. Incorporation of phospholipids enhances cellular uptake and retention of surfactant-polymer nanoparticles. JBiomed Nanotechnol 2007, 3:291-296.
206. Cu Y., LeMoëllic C., Caplan M.J., Saltzman W.M. Ligand-modified gene carriers increased uptake in target cells but reduced DNA release and transfection efficiency. Nanomedicine 2010, 6:334-343.
207. Moghimi S.M., Andersen A.J., Ahmadvand D., Wibroe P.P., Andresen T.L., Hunter A.C. Material properties in complement activation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011, 63:1000-1007.
208. das Neves J., Rocha C.M., Gonçalves M.P., Carrier R.L., Amiji M., Bahia M.F., et al. Interactions of microbicide nanoparticles with a simulated vaginal fluid. Mol Pharm 2012, 9:3347-3356.
209. Tabatt K., Sameti M., Olbrich C., Müller R.H., Lehr C.M. Effect of cationic lipid and matrix lipid composition on solid lipid nanoparticle-mediated gene transfer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2004, 57:155-162.
210. Dawson M., Krauland E., Wirtz D., Hanes J. Transport of polymeric nanoparticle gene carriers in gastric mucus. Biotechnol Prog 2004, 20:851-857.
211. Sunshine J.C., Peng D.Y., Green J.J. Uptake and transfection with polymeric nanoparticles are dependent on polymer end-group structure, but largely independent of nanoparticle physical and chemical properties. Mol Pharm 2012, 9:3375-3383.
212. Alexis F., Pridgen E., Molnar L.K., Farokhzad O.C. Factors affecting the clearance and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2008, 5:505-515.
213. Li S.D., Huang L. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2008, 5:496-504.
214. Elsabahy M., Wooley K.L. Design of polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical delivery applications. Chem Soc Rev 2012, 41:2545-2561.
215. Yang M., Lai S.K., Wang Y.Y., Zhong W., Happe C., Zhang M., et al. Biodegradable nanoparticles composed entirely of safe materials that rapidly penetrate human mucus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011, 50:2597-2600.
216. Mittal G., Sahana D.K., Bhardwaj V., Ravi Kumar M.N. Estradiol loaded PLGA nanoparticles for oral administration: effect of polymer molecular weight and copolymer composition on release behavior invitro and invivo. JControl Release 2007, 119:77-85.
217. Tsai Y.M., Chang-Liao W.L., Chien C.F., Lin L.C., Tsai T.H. Effects of polymer molecular weight on relative oral bioavailability of curcumin. Int J Nanomed 2012, 7:2957-2966.
218. Morimoto K., Nishikawa M., Kawakami S., Nakano T., Hattori Y., Fumoto S., et al. Molecular weight-dependent gene transfection activity of unmodified and galactosylated polyethyleneimine on hepatoma cells and mouse liver. Mol Ther 2003, 7:254-261.
219. Maitani Y., Ishigaki K., Nakazawa Y., Aragane D., Akimoto T., Iwamizu M., et al. Polyethylenimine combined with liposomes and with decreased numbers of primary amine residues strongly enhanced therapeutic antiviral efficiency against herpes simplex virus type 2 in a mouse model. JControl Release 2013, 166:139-146.
220. das Neves J., Amiji M., Sarmento B. Mucoadhesive nanosystems for vaginal microbicide development: friend or foe?. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2011, 3:389-399.
221. Olmsted S.S., Padgett J.L., Yudin A.I., Whaley K.J., Moench T.R., Cone R.A. Diffusion of macromolecules and virus-like particles in human cervical mucus. Biophys J 2001, 81:1930-1937.
222. Lai S.K., O'Hanlon D.E., Harrold S., Man S.T., Wang Y.Y., Cone R., et al. Rapid transport of large polymeric nanoparticles in fresh undiluted human mucus. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2007, 104:1482-1487.
223. Moghimi S.M., Hunter A.C., Andresen T.L. Factors controlling nanoparticle pharmacokinetics: an integrated analysis and perspective. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2012, 52:481-503.
224. Albanese A., Tang P.S., Chan W.C. The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2012, 14:1-16.
225. Win K.Y., Feng S.S. Effects of particle size and surface coating on cellular uptake of polymeric nanoparticles for oral delivery of anticancer drugs. Biomaterials 2005, 26:2713-2722.
226. Xu A., Yao M., Xu G., Ying J., Ma W., Li B., et al. Aphysical model for the size-dependent cellular uptake of nanoparticles modified with cationic surfactants. Int J Nanomed 2012, 7:3547-3554.
227. Gan Q., Dai D., Yuan Y., Qian J., Sha S., Shi J., et al. Effect of size onhe cellular endocytosis and controlled release of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for intracellular delivery. Biomed Microdevices 2012, 14:259-270.
228. Huang J., Bu L., Xie J., Chen K., Cheng Z., Li X., et al. Effects of nanoparticle size on cellular uptake and liver MRI with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. ACS Nano 2010, 4:7151-7160.
229. Yu S.S., Lau C.M., Thomas S.N., Jerome W.G., Maron D.J., Dickerson J.H., et al. Size- and charge-dependent non-specific uptake of PEGylated nanoparticles by macrophages. Int J Nanomed 2012, 7:799-813.
230. Walkey C.D., Olsen J.B., Guo H., Emili A., Chan W.C. Nanoparticle size and surface chemistry determine serum protein adsorption and macrophage uptake. JAm Chem Soc 2012, 134:2139-2147.
231. Gutierro I., Hernández R.M., Igartua M., Gascón A.R., Pedraz J.L. Size dependent immune response after subcutaneous, oral and intranasal administration of BSA loaded nanospheres. Vaccine 2002, 21:67-77.
232. Cohen J.A., Beaudette T.T., Tseng W.W., Bachelder E.M., Mende I., Engleman E.G., et al. T-cell activation by antigen-loaded pH-sensitive hydrogel particles invivo: the effect of particle size. Bioconjug Chem 2009, 20:111-119.
233. Fifis T., Gamvrellis A., Crimeen-Irwin B., Pietersz G.A., Li J., Mottram P.L., et al. Size-dependent immunogenicity: therapeutic and protective properties of nano-vaccines against tumors. JImmunol 2004, 173:3148-3154.
234. Wang T., Jiang H., Zhao Q., Wang S., Zou M., Cheng G. Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune responses obtained by porous silica nanoparticles used as an oral vaccine adjuvant: effect of silica architecture on immunological properties. Int J Pharm 2012, 436:351-358.
235. Xiong S., George S., Yu H., Damoiseaux R., France B., Ng K.W., et al. Size influences the cytotoxicity of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 2013.
236. Carlson C., Hussain S.M., Schrand A.M., Braydich-Stolle L.K., Hess K.L., Jones R.L., et al. Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. JPhys Chem B 2008, 112:13,608-13,619.
237. Venkataraman S., Hedrick J.L., Ong Z.Y., Yang C., Ee P.L., Hammond P.T., et al. The effects of polymeric nanostructure shape on drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011, 63:1228-1246.
238. Daum N., Tscheka C., Neumeyer A., Schneider M. Novel approaches for drug delivery systems in nanomedicine: effects of particle design and shape. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:52-65.
239. Champion J.A., Katare Y.K., Mitragotri S. Particle shape: a new design parameter for micro- and nanoscale drug delivery carriers. JControl Release 2007, 121:3-9.
240. Champion J.A., Mitragotri S. Shape induced inhibition of phagocytosis of polymer particles. Pharm Res 2009, 26:244-249.
241. Sharma G., Valenta D.T., Altman Y., Harvey S., Xie H., Mitragotri S., et al. Polymer particle shape independently influences binding and internalization by macrophages. JControl Release 2010, 147:408-412.
242. Lin S.Y., Hsu W.H., Lo J.M., Tsai H.C., Hsiue G.H. Novel geometry type of nanocarriers mitigated the phagocytosis for drug delivery. JControl Release 2011, 154:84-92.
243. Nowacek A.S., Balkundi S., McMillan J., Roy U., Martinez-Skinner A., Mosley R.L., et al. Analyses of nanoformulated antiretroviral drug charge, size, shape and content for uptake, drug release and antiviral activities in human monocyte-derived macrophages. JControl Release 2011, 150:204-211.
244. Huang X., Teng X., Chen D., Tang F., He J. The effect of the shape of mesoporous silica nanoparticles on cellular uptake and cell function. Biomaterials 2010, 31:438-448.
245. Arnida Janát-Amsbury MM., Ray A., Peterson C.M., Ghandehari H. Geometry and surface characteristics of gold nanoparticles influence their biodistribution and uptake by macrophages. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011, 77:417-423.
246. Lee S.Y., Ferrari M., Decuzzi P. Design of bio-mimetic particles with enhanced vascular interaction. JBiomech 2009, 42:1885-1890.
247. Decuzzi P., Pasqualini R., Arap W., Ferrari M. Intravascular delivery of particulate systems: does geometry really matter?. Pharm Res 2009, 26:235-243.
248. Decuzzi P., Godin B., Tanaka T., Lee S.Y., Chiappini C., Liu X., et al. Size and shape effects in the biodistribution of intravascularly injected particles. JControl Release 2010, 141:320-327.
249. Devarajan P.V., Jindal A.B., Patil R.R., Mulla F., Gaikwad R.V., Samad A. Particle shape: a new design parameter for passive targeting in splenotropic drug delivery. JPharm Sci 2010, 99:2576-2581.
250. Perumal O.P., Inapagolla R., Kannan S., Kannan R.M. The effect of surface functionality on cellular trafficking of dendrimers. Biomaterials 2008, 29:3469-3476.
251. Eichhorn M.E., Ischenko I., Luedemann S., Strieth S., Papyan A., Werner A., et al. Vascular targeting by EndoTAG-1 enhances therapeutic efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in lung and pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2010, 126:1235-1245.
252. McNeil S.E., Rosenkrands I., Agger E.M., Andersen P., Perrie Y. Subunit vaccines: distearoylphosphatidylcholine-based liposomes entrapping antigen offer a neutral alternative to dimethyldioctadecylammonium-based cationic liposomes as an adjuvant delivery system. JPharm Sci 2011, 100:1856-1865.
253. Garzón M.R., Berraondo P., Crettaz J., Ochoa L., Vera M., Lasarte J.J., et al. Induction of gp120-specific protective immune responses by genetic vaccination with linear polyethylenimine-plasmid complex. Vaccine 2005, 23:1384-1392.
254. Thiagarajan G., Greish K., Ghandehari H. Charge affects the oral toxicity of poly(amido amine) dendrimers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013, in press.
255. Wang W., Xiong W., Zhu Y., Xu H., Yang X. Protective effect of PEGylation against poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-induced hemolysis of human red blood cells. JBiomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010, 93:59-64.
256. Pearson R.M., Patra N., Hsu H.J., Uddin S., Král P., Hong S. Positively charged dendron micelles display negligible cellular interactions. ACS Macro Lett 2013, 2:77-81.
257. Tang B.C., Dawson M., Lai S.K., Wang Y.Y., Suk J.S., Yang M., et al. Biodegradable polymer nanoparticles that rapidly penetrate the human mucus barrier. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009, 106:19,268-19,273.
258. Moghimi S.M. The effect of methoxy-PEG chain length and molecular architecture on lymph node targeting of immuno-PEGliposomes. Biomaterials 2006, 27:136-144.
259. Kaminskas L.M., Boyd B.J., Karellas P., Krippner G.Y., Lessene R., Kelly B., et al. The impact of molecular weight and PEG chain length on the systemic pharmacokinetics of PEGylated poly l-lysine dendrimers. Mol Pharm 2008, 5:449-463.
260. Mert O., Lai S.K., Ensign L., Yang M., Wang Y.Y., Wood J., et al. Apoly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactant for formulation of drug-loaded mucus penetrating particles. JControl Release 2012, 157:455-460.
261. Demberg T., Robert-Guroff M. Mucosal immunity and protection against HIV/SIV infection: strategies and challenges for vaccine design. Int Rev Immunol 2009, 28:20-48.
262. Duerr A. Update on mucosal HIV vaccine vectors. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2010, 5:397-403.
263. Yu M., Vajdy M. Mucosal HIV transmission and vaccination strategies through oral compared with vaginal and rectal routes. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010, 10:1181-1195.
264. Jazayeri M., Soleimanjahi H., Fotouhi F., Pakravan N. Comparison of intramuscular and footpad subcutaneous immunization with DNA vaccine encoding HSV-gD2 in mice. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2009, 32:453-461.
265. Kaneko H., Bednarek I., Wierzbicki A., Kiszka I., Dmochowski M., Wasik T.J., et al. Oral DNA vaccination promotes mucosal and systemic immune responses to HIV envelope glycoprotein. Virology 2000, 267:8-16.
266. Mohanan D., Slütter B., Henriksen-Lacey M., Jiskoot W., Bouwstra J.A., Perrie Y., et al. Administration routes affect the quality of immune responses: A cross-sectional evaluation of particulate antigen-delivery systems. JControl Release 2010, 147:342-349.
267. Koblin B.A., Casapia M., Morgan C., Qin L., Wang Z.M., Defawe O.D., et al. Safety and immunogenicity of an HIV adenoviral vector boost after DNA plasmid vaccine prime by route of administration: a randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2011, 6:e24517.
268. Pattani A., McKay P.F., Garland M.J., Curran R.M., Migalska K., Cassidy C.M., et al. Microneedle mediated intradermal delivery of adjuvanted recombinant HIV-1 CN54gp140 effectively primes mucosal boost inoculations. JControl Release 2012, 162:529-537.
269. Buffa V., Klein K., Fischetti L., Shattock R.J. Evaluation of TLR agonists as potential mucosal adjuvants for HIV gp140 and tetanus toxoid in mice. PLoS One 2012, 7(12):e50529.
270. Anton P.A., Cranston R.D., Kashuba A., Hendrix C.W., Bumpus N.N., Richardson-Harman N., et al. RMP-02/MTN-006: a phase 1 rectal safety, acceptability, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic study of tenofovir 1% gel compared with oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2012, 28:1412-1421.
271. Nuttall J., Kashuba A., Wang R., White N., Allen P., Roberts J., et al. Pharmacokinetics of tenofovir following intravaginal and intrarectal administration of tenofovir gel to rhesus macaques. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012, 56:103-109.
272. García-Lerma J.G., Otten R.A., Qari S.H., Jackson E., Cong M.E., Masciotra S., et al. Prevention of rectal SHIV transmission in macaques by daily or intermittent prophylaxis with emtricitabine and tenofovir. PLoS Med 2008, 5:e28.
273. Eisingerich A.B., Wheelock A., Gomez G.B., Garnett G.P., Dybul M.R., Piot P.K. Attitudes and acceptance of oral and parenteral HIV preexposure prophylaxis among potential user groups: a multinational study. PLoS One 2012, 7:e28238.