메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 98, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 319-326

Extra- and intracellular innate immune recognition in endothelial cells

Author keywords

CARD helicases; Endothelial cells; Nod like receptors; Toll like receptors

Indexed keywords

PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR;

EID: 34547911396     PISSN: 03406245     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1160/TH06-12-0694     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (39)

References (101)
  • 1
    • 0346749409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial responses to bacterial toxins in sepsis
    • Grandel U, Grimminger F. Endothelial responses to bacterial toxins in sepsis. Crit Rev Immunol 2003; 23: 267-299.
    • (2003) Crit Rev Immunol , vol.23 , pp. 267-299
    • Grandel, U.1    Grimminger, F.2
  • 2
    • 0037247739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of pathogens with the endothelium
    • Hippenstiel S, Suttorp N. Interaction of pathogens with the endothelium. Thromb Haemost 2003; 89: 18-24.
    • (2003) Thromb Haemost , vol.89 , pp. 18-24
    • Hippenstiel, S.1    Suttorp, N.2
  • 3
    • 0023154874 scopus 로고
    • Cell biology of endothelial cells
    • Jaffe EA. Cell biology of endothelial cells. Hum Pathol 1987; 18: 234-239.
    • (1987) Hum Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 234-239
    • Jaffe, E.A.1
  • 5
    • 32944464648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen recognition and innate immunity
    • Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 2006; 124: 783-801.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.124 , pp. 783-801
    • Akira, S.1    Uematsu, S.2    Takeuchi, O.3
  • 6
    • 0033618630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell activation and apoptosis by bacterial lipoproteins through toll-like receptor-2
    • Aliprantis AO, Yang RB, Mark MR, et al. Cell activation and apoptosis by bacterial lipoproteins through toll-like receptor-2. Science 1999; 285: 736-739.
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 736-739
    • Aliprantis, A.O.1    Yang, R.B.2    Mark, M.R.3
  • 7
    • 0001701294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor-2 mediates Treponema glycolipid and lipoteichoic acid-induced NF-kappaB translocation
    • Opitz B, Schroder NW, Spreitzer I, et al. Toll-like receptor-2 mediates Treponema glycolipid and lipoteichoic acid-induced NF-kappaB translocation. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 22041-22047.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 22041-22047
    • Opitz, B.1    Schroder, N.W.2    Spreitzer, I.3
  • 8
    • 0033580949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptidoglycan- and lipoteichoic acid-induced cell activation is mediated by toll-like receptor 2
    • Schwandner R, Dziarski R, Wesche H, et al. Peptidoglycan- and lipoteichoic acid-induced cell activation is mediated by toll-like receptor 2. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 17406-17409.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 17406-17409
    • Schwandner, R.1    Dziarski, R.2    Wesche, H.3
  • 9
    • 0034922923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6
    • Takeuchi O, Kawai T, Muhlradt PF, et al. Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6. Int Immunol 2001; 13: 933-940.
    • (2001) Int Immunol , vol.13 , pp. 933-940
    • Takeuchi, O.1    Kawai, T.2    Muhlradt, P.F.3
  • 10
    • 0036644042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: Role of Toll-like receptor 1 in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins
    • Takeuchi O, Sato S, Horiuchi T, et al. Cutting edge: role of Toll-like receptor 1 in mediating immune response to microbial lipoproteins. J Immunol 2002; 169: 10-14.
    • (2002) J Immunol , vol.169 , pp. 10-14
    • Takeuchi, O.1    Sato, S.2    Horiuchi, T.3
  • 11
    • 0033592748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens
    • Underhill DM, Ozinsky A, Hajjar AM, et al. The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens. Nature 1999; 401: 811-815.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 811-815
    • Underhill, D.M.1    Ozinsky, A.2    Hajjar, A.M.3
  • 12
    • 0035909372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3
    • Alexopoulou L, Holt AC, Medzhitov R, et al. Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3. Nature 2001; 413: 732-738.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.413 , pp. 732-738
    • Alexopoulou, L.1    Holt, A.C.2    Medzhitov, R.3
  • 13
    • 1542317578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8
    • Heil F, Hemmi H, Hochrein H, et al. Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8. Science 2004; 303: 1526-1529.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 1526-1529
    • Heil, F.1    Hemmi, H.2    Hochrein, H.3
  • 14
    • 20144385204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 4-dependent and -independent cytokine secretion induced by minimally oxidized low-density lipoprotein in macrophages
    • Miller YI, Viriyakosol S, Worrall DS, et al. Toll-like receptor 4-dependent and -independent cytokine secretion induced by minimally oxidized low-density lipoprotein in macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25: 1213-1219.
    • (2005) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.25 , pp. 1213-1219
    • Miller, Y.I.1    Viriyakosol, S.2    Worrall, D.S.3
  • 15
    • 0032509295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: Mutations in Tlr4 gene
    • Poltorak A, He X, Smirnova I, et al. Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene. Science 1998; 282: 2085-2088.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 2085-2088
    • Poltorak, A.1    He, X.2    Smirnova, I.3
  • 16
    • 0035953543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5
    • Hayashi F, Smith KD, Ozinsky A, et al. The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5. Nature 2001; 410: 1099-1103.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 1099-1103
    • Hayashi, F.1    Smith, K.D.2    Ozinsky, A.3
  • 17
    • 0034619794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
    • Hemmi H, Takeuchi O, Kawai T, et al. A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature 2000; 408: 740-745.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.408 , pp. 740-745
    • Hemmi, H.1    Takeuchi, O.2    Kawai, T.3
  • 18
    • 32244432768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-stranded RNA-mediated TLR3 activation is enhanced by CD14
    • Lee RK, Dunzendorfer S, Soldau K, et al. Double-stranded RNA-mediated TLR3 activation is enhanced by CD14. Immunity 2006; 24: 153-163.
    • (2006) Immunity , vol.24 , pp. 153-163
    • Lee, R.K.1    Dunzendorfer, S.2    Soldau, K.3
  • 19
    • 0025166114 scopus 로고
    • CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein
    • Wright SD, Ramos RA, Tobias PS, et al. CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein. Science 1990; 249: 1431-1433.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 1431-1433
    • Wright, S.D.1    Ramos, R.A.2    Tobias, P.S.3
  • 20
    • 30044442866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How Toll-like receptors signal: What we know and what we don't know
    • O'Neill LA. How Toll-like receptors signal: what we know and what we don't know. Curr Opin Immunol 2006; 18: 3-9.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.18 , pp. 3-9
    • O'Neill, L.A.1
  • 21
    • 0034577944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1 -dependent pathway
    • Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, et al. Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1 -dependent pathway. Nat Immunol 2000; 1: 533-540.
    • (2000) Nat Immunol , vol.1 , pp. 533-540
    • Arbibe, L.1    Mira, J.P.2    Teusch, N.3
  • 22
    • 0034658332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rho proteins and the p38-MAPK pathway are important mediators for LPS-induced interleukin-8 expression in human endothelial cells
    • Hippenstiel S, Soeth S, Kellas B, et al. Rho proteins and the p38-MAPK pathway are important mediators for LPS-induced interleukin-8 expression in human endothelial cells. Blood 2000; 95: 3044-3051.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.95 , pp. 3044-3051
    • Hippenstiel, S.1    Soeth, S.2    Kellas, B.3
  • 23
    • 0036467447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 activates macrophages and endothelial cells through Toll-like receptor 4 and MD2 in a MyD88-dependent pathway
    • Bulut Y, Faure E, Thomas L, et al. Chlamydial heat shock protein 60 activates macrophages and endothelial cells through Toll-like receptor 4 and MD2 in a MyD88-dependent pathway. J Immunol 2002; 168: 1435-1440.
    • (2002) J Immunol , vol.168 , pp. 1435-1440
    • Bulut, Y.1    Faure, E.2    Thomas, L.3
  • 24
    • 4944262285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow-dependent regulation of endothelial Toll-like receptor 2 expression through inhibition of SP1 activity
    • Dunzendorfer S, Lee UK, Tobias PS. Flow-dependent regulation of endothelial Toll-like receptor 2 expression through inhibition of SP1 activity. Circ Res 2004; 95: 684-691.
    • (2004) Circ Res , vol.95 , pp. 684-691
    • Dunzendorfer, S.1    Lee, U.K.2    Tobias, P.S.3
  • 25
    • 0034646695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates NF-kappaB through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) in cultured human dermal endothelial cells. Differential expression of TLR-4 and TLR-2 in endothelial cells
    • Faure E, Equils O, Sieling PA, et al. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates NF-kappaB through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) in cultured human dermal endothelial cells. Differential expression of TLR-4 and TLR-2 in endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 11058-11063.
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 11058-11063
    • Faure, E.1    Equils, O.2    Sieling, P.A.3
  • 26
    • 0032701642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll4(TLR4)expression in cardiac myocytes in normal and failing myocardium
    • Frantz S, Kobzik L, Kim YD, et al. Toll4(TLR4)expression in cardiac myocytes in normal and failing myocardium. J Clin Invest 1999; 104: 271-280.
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.104 , pp. 271-280
    • Frantz, S.1    Kobzik, L.2    Kim, Y.D.3
  • 27
    • 4143100140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA-mediated immune response in pulmonary endothelial cells
    • Li J, Ma Z, Tang ZL, et al. CpG DNA-mediated immune response in pulmonary endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2004; 287: L552-L558.
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.287
    • Li, J.1    Ma, Z.2    Tang, Z.L.3
  • 28
    • 33747592788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR ligands and cytokines induce CXCR3 ligands in endothelial cells: Enhanced CXCL9 in autoimmune arthritis
    • Loos T, Dekeyzer L, Struyf S, et al. TLR ligands and cytokines induce CXCR3 ligands in endothelial cells: enhanced CXCL9 in autoimmune arthritis. Lab Invest 2006; 86: 902-916.
    • (2006) Lab Invest , vol.86 , pp. 902-916
    • Loos, T.1    Dekeyzer, L.2    Struyf, S.3
  • 29
    • 1842423819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells express Toll-like receptor 5: A binding partner for bacterial flagellin
    • Maaser C, Heidemann J, von Eiff C, et al. Human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells express Toll-like receptor 5: a binding partner for bacterial flagellin. J Immunol 2004; 172: 5056-5062.
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.172 , pp. 5056-5062
    • Maaser, C.1    Heidemann, J.2    von Eiff, C.3
  • 30
    • 29644434743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Listeria monocytogenes activated p38 MAPK and induced IL-8 secretion in a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1-dependent manner in endothelial cells
    • Opitz B, Puschel A, Beermann W, et al. Listeria monocytogenes activated p38 MAPK and induced IL-8 secretion in a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1-dependent manner in endothelial cells. J Immunol 2006; 176: 484-490.
    • (2006) J Immunol , vol.176 , pp. 484-490
    • Opitz, B.1    Puschel, A.2    Beermann, W.3
  • 31
    • 15444380849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFN-alpha enhances TLR3-mediated antiviral cytokine expression in human endothelial and epithelial cells by up-regulating TLR3 expression
    • Tissari J, Siren J, Meri S, et al. IFN-alpha enhances TLR3-mediated antiviral cytokine expression in human endothelial and epithelial cells by up-regulating TLR3 expression. J Immunol 2005; 174: 4289-4294.
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.174 , pp. 4289-4294
    • Tissari, J.1    Siren, J.2    Meri, S.3
  • 32
    • 0035253370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma induce Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 expression in human endothelial cells: Role of NF-kappa B activation
    • Faure E, Thomas L, Xu H, et al. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide and IFN-gamma induce Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 expression in human endothelial cells: role of NF-kappa B activation. J Immunol 2001; 166: 2018-2024.
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 2018-2024
    • Faure, E.1    Thomas, L.2    Xu, H.3
  • 33
    • 33745053205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of TRAM restricts Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in vascular endothelial cells to the MyD88 pathway
    • Harari OA, Alcaide P, Ahl D, et al. Absence of TRAM restricts Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in vascular endothelial cells to the MyD88 pathway. Circ Res 2006; 98: 1134-1140.
    • (2006) Circ Res , vol.98 , pp. 1134-1140
    • Harari, O.A.1    Alcaide, P.2    Ahl, D.3
  • 34
    • 32844469977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide signaling in endothelial cells
    • Dauphinee SM, Karsan A. Lipopolysaccharide signaling in endothelial cells. Lab Invest 2006; 86: 9-22.
    • (2006) Lab Invest , vol.86 , pp. 9-22
    • Dauphinee, S.M.1    Karsan, A.2
  • 35
    • 0037380645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-derived Toll-like receptor-4 is the key molecule in LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration into lungs
    • Andonegui G, Bonder CS, Green F, et al. Endothelium-derived Toll-like receptor-4 is the key molecule in LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration into lungs. J Clin Invest 2003; 111: 1011-1020.
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.111 , pp. 1011-1020
    • Andonegui, G.1    Bonder, C.S.2    Green, F.3
  • 36
    • 1642290140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of endothelial dysfunction in sepsis
    • Peters K, Unger RE, Brunner J, et al. Molecular basis of endothelial dysfunction in sepsis. Cardiovasc Res 2003; 60: 49-57.
    • (2003) Cardiovasc Res , vol.60 , pp. 49-57
    • Peters, K.1    Unger, R.E.2    Brunner, J.3
  • 37
    • 0029033973 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of tissue factor expression in human endothelial cells
    • Parry GC, Mackman N. Transcriptional regulation of tissue factor expression in human endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995; 15: 612-621.
    • (1995) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.15 , pp. 612-621
    • Parry, G.C.1    Mackman, N.2
  • 38
    • 0030005626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of endothelium in thrombosis and hemostasis
    • Wu KK, Thiagarajan P. Role of endothelium in thrombosis and hemostasis. Annu Rev Med 1996; 47: 315-331.
    • (1996) Annu Rev Med , vol.47 , pp. 315-331
    • KK, W.1    Thiagarajan, P.2
  • 39
    • 27144539508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelets express functional Toll-like receptor-4
    • Andonegui G, Kerfoot SM, McNagny V, et al. Platelets express functional Toll-like receptor-4. Blood 2005; 106: 2417-2423.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.106 , pp. 2417-2423
    • Andonegui, G.1    Kerfoot, S.M.2    McNagny, V.3
  • 40
    • 30444436765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced thrombocytopenia and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in vivo
    • Aslam R, Speck ER, Kim M, et al. Platelet Toll-like receptor expression modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced thrombocytopenia and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in vivo. Blood 2006; 107: 637-641.
    • (2006) Blood , vol.107 , pp. 637-641
    • Aslam, R.1    Speck, E.R.2    Kim, M.3
  • 41
    • 33646077203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin enhances microvascular thrombosis in mouse cremaster venules via a TLR4-dependent, neutrophil-independent mechanism
    • Rumbaut RE, Bellera RV, Randhawa JK, et al. Endotoxin enhances microvascular thrombosis in mouse cremaster venules via a TLR4-dependent, neutrophil-independent mechanism. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 290: H1671-H1679.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.290
    • Rumbaut, R.E.1    Bellera, R.V.2    Randhawa, J.K.3
  • 42
    • 27144467146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonists of toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 are unable to modulate platelet activation by adenosine diphosphate and platelet activating factor
    • Ward JR, Bingle L, Judge HM, et al. Agonists of toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 are unable to modulate platelet activation by adenosine diphosphate and platelet activating factor. Thromb Haemost 2005; 94: 831-838.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.94 , pp. 831-838
    • Ward, J.R.1    Bingle, L.2    Judge, H.M.3
  • 43
    • 0036222241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR4, but not TLR2, mediates IFN-beta-induced STAT1alpha/beta-dependent gene expression in macrophages
    • Toshchakov V, Jones BW, Perera PY, et al. TLR4, but not TLR2, mediates IFN-beta-induced STAT1alpha/beta-dependent gene expression in macrophages. Nat Immunol 2002; 3: 392-398.
    • (2002) Nat Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 392-398
    • Toshchakov, V.1    Jones, B.W.2    Perera, P.Y.3
  • 44
    • 33745571976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune response in atherosclerosis: A double-edged sword
    • Hansson GK, Libby P. The immune response in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword. Nat Rev Immunol 2006; 6: 508-519.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.6 , pp. 508-519
    • Hansson, G.K.1    Libby, P.2
  • 45
    • 3242728901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced atherosclerosis in MyD88-null mice links elevated serum cholesterol levels to activation of innate immunity signaling pathways
    • Bjorkbacka H, Kunjathoor VV, Moore KJ, et al. Reduced atherosclerosis in MyD88-null mice links elevated serum cholesterol levels to activation of innate immunity signaling pathways. Nat Med 2004; 10: 416-421.
    • (2004) Nat Med , vol.10 , pp. 416-421
    • Bjorkbacka, H.1    Kunjathoor, V.V.2    Moore, K.J.3
  • 46
    • 3242710174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of Toll-like receptor 4 or myeloid differentiation factor 88 reduces atherosclerosis and alters plaque phenotype in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E
    • Michelsen KS, Wong MH, Shah PK, et al. Lack of Toll-like receptor 4 or myeloid differentiation factor 88 reduces atherosclerosis and alters plaque phenotype in mice deficient in apolipoprotein E. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 10679-10684.
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.101 , pp. 10679-10684
    • Michelsen, K.S.1    Wong, M.H.2    Shah, P.K.3
  • 47
    • 27644568878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2
    • Mullick AE, Tobias PS, Curtiss LK. Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 3149-3156.
    • (2005) J Clin Invest , vol.115 , pp. 3149-3156
    • Mullick, A.E.1    Tobias, P.S.2    Curtiss, L.K.3
  • 48
    • 0037066041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of toll-like receptors in human atherosclerotic lesions: A possible pathway for plaque activation
    • Edfeldt K, Swedenborg J, Hansson GK, et al. Expression of toll-like receptors in human atherosclerotic lesions: a possible pathway for plaque activation. Circulation 2002; 105: 1158-1161.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1158-1161
    • Edfeldt, K.1    Swedenborg, J.2    Hansson, G.K.3
  • 49
    • 0037130195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-tike receptor 4 polymorphisms and atherogenesis
    • Kiechl S, Lorenz E, Reindl M, et al. Toll-tike receptor 4 polymorphisms and atherogenesis. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 185-192.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 185-192
    • Kiechl, S.1    Lorenz, E.2    Reindl, M.3
  • 50
    • 17644381851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Toll-like receptors in atherosclerosis
    • Michelsen KS, Doherty TM, Shah PK, et al. Role of Toll-like receptors in atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2004; 95: e96-e97.
    • (2004) Circ Res , vol.95
    • Michelsen, K.S.1    Doherty, T.M.2    Shah, P.K.3
  • 51
    • 15544369643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors and susceptibility to infectious disease
    • Schroder NW, Schumann RR. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors and susceptibility to infectious disease. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5: 156-164.
    • (2005) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 156-164
    • Schroder, N.W.1    Schumann, R.R.2
  • 52
    • 33646408749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced thromboxane biosynthesis in carriers of toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms in vivo
    • Patrignani P, Di Febbo C, Tacconelli S, et al. Reduced thromboxane biosynthesis in carriers of toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms in vivo. Blood 2006; 107: 3572-3574.
    • (2006) Blood , vol.107 , pp. 3572-3574
    • Patrignani, P.1    Di Febbo, C.2    Tacconelli, S.3
  • 53
    • 23744478147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism and consequences of invasion of endothelial cells by Staphylococcus aureus
    • Sinha B, Herrmann M. Mechanism and consequences of invasion of endothelial cells by Staphylococcus aureus. Thromb Haemost 2005; 94: 266-277.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.94 , pp. 266-277
    • Sinha, B.1    Herrmann, M.2
  • 54
    • 23744449807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infection of the endothelium by influenza viruses
    • Klenk HD. Infection of the endothelium by influenza viruses. Thromb Haemost 2005; 94: 262-265.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.94 , pp. 262-265
    • Klenk, H.D.1
  • 55
    • 17644366913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NOD-LRR proteins: Role in host-microbial interactions and inflammatory disease
    • Inohara, Chamaillard, McDonald C, et al. NOD-LRR proteins: role in host-microbial interactions and inflammatory disease. Annu Rev Biochem 2005; 74: 355-383.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Biochem , vol.74 , pp. 355-383
    • Inohara, C.1    McDonald, C.2
  • 56
    • 17644396670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CATERPILLER: A novel gene family important in immunity, cell death, and diseases
    • Ting JP, Davis BK. CATERPILLER: a novel gene family important in immunity, cell death, and diseases. Annu Rev Immunol 2005; 23: 387-414.
    • (2005) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.23 , pp. 387-414
    • Ting, J.P.1    Davis, B.K.2
  • 57
    • 0038824980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An essential role for NOD1 in host recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan containing diaminopimelic acid
    • Chamaillard M, Hashimoto M, Horie Y, et al. An essential role for NOD1 in host recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan containing diaminopimelic acid. Nat Immunol 2003; 4: 702-707.
    • (2003) Nat Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 702-707
    • Chamaillard, M.1    Hashimoto, M.2    Horie, Y.3
  • 58
    • 0038615855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nod1 detects a unique muropeptide from gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan
    • Girardin SE, Boneca IG, Carneiro LA, et al. Nod1 detects a unique muropeptide from gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan. Science 2003; 300: 1584-1587.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 1584-1587
    • Girardin, S.E.1    Boneca, I.G.2    Carneiro, L.A.3
  • 59
    • 0012722659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nod2 is a general sensor of peptidoglycan through muramyl dipeptide (MDP) detection
    • Girardin SE, Boneca IG, Viala J, et al. Nod2 is a general sensor of peptidoglycan through muramyl dipeptide (MDP) detection. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 8869-8872.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 8869-8872
    • Girardin, S.E.1    Boneca, I.G.2    Viala, J.3
  • 60
    • 0037458665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide mediated through NOD2. Implications for Crohn's disease
    • Inohara N, Ogura Y, Fontalba A, et al. Host recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide mediated through NOD2. Implications for Crohn's disease. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 5509-5512.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 5509-5512
    • Inohara, N.1    Ogura, Y.2    Fontalba, A.3
  • 61
    • 0037075549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of receptor-interacting protein 2 in innate and adaptive immune responses
    • Chin AI, Dempsey PW, Bruhn K, et al. Involvement of receptor-interacting protein 2 in innate and adaptive immune responses. Nature 2002; 416: 190-194.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 190-194
    • Chin, A.I.1    Dempsey, P.W.2    Bruhn, K.3
  • 62
    • 33846469538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adaptor protein CARD9 is required for innate immune responses to intracellular pathogens
    • Hsu YM, Zhang Y, You Y, et al. The adaptor protein CARD9 is required for innate immune responses to intracellular pathogens. Nat Immunol 2007; 8: 198-205.
    • (2007) Nat Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 198-205
    • Hsu, Y.M.1    Zhang, Y.2    You, Y.3
  • 63
    • 0037075551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RICK/Rip2/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems
    • Kobayashi K, Inohara N, Hernandez LD, et al. RICK/Rip2/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Nature 2002; 416: 194-199.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.416 , pp. 194-199
    • Kobayashi, K.1    Inohara, N.2    Hernandez, L.D.3
  • 64
    • 29244441151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction and localization of NOD2 protein in human endothelial cells
    • Oh HM, Lee HJ, Seo GS, et al. Induction and localization of NOD2 protein in human endothelial cells. Cell Immunol 2005; 237: 37-44.
    • (2005) Cell Immunol , vol.237 , pp. 37-44
    • Oh, H.M.1    Lee, H.J.2    Seo, G.S.3
  • 65
    • 14044268789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nod1-mediated endothelial cell activation by Chlamydophila pneumoniae
    • Opitz B, Forster S, Hocke AC, et al. Nod1-mediated endothelial cell activation by Chlamydophila pneumoniae. Circ Res 2005; 96: 319-326.
    • (2005) Circ Res , vol.96 , pp. 319-326
    • Opitz, B.1    Forster, S.2    Hocke, A.C.3
  • 66
    • 33646051863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human endothelial cells express NOD2/CARD15 and increase IL-6 secretion in response to muramyl dipeptide
    • Davey MP, Martin TM, Planck SR, et al. Human endothelial cells express NOD2/CARD15 and increase IL-6 secretion in response to muramyl dipeptide. Microvasc Res 2006; 71: 103-107.
    • (2006) Microvasc Res , vol.71 , pp. 103-107
    • Davey, M.P.1    Martin, T.M.2    Planck, S.R.3
  • 67
    • 33744464740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1beta in salmonella-infected macrophages
    • Franchi L, Amer A, Body-Malapel M, et al. Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1beta in salmonella-infected macrophages. Nat Immunol 2006; 7: 576-582.
    • (2006) Nat Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 576-582
    • Franchi, L.1    Amer, A.2    Body-Malapel, M.3
  • 68
    • 33744493091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via Ipaf
    • Miao EA, Alpuche-Aranda CM, Dors M, et al. Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via Ipaf. Nat Immunol 2006; 7: 569-575.
    • (2006) Nat Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 569-575
    • Miao, E.A.1    Alpuche-Aranda, C.M.2    Dors, M.3
  • 69
    • 33645770203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Bircle cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor contributes to the detection and control of Legionella pneumophila infection
    • Zamboni DS, Kobayashi KS, Kohlsdorf T, et al. The Bircle cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor contributes to the detection and control of Legionella pneumophila infection. Nat Immunol 2006; 7: 318-325.
    • (2006) Nat Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 318-325
    • Zamboni, D.S.1    Kobayashi, K.S.2    Kohlsdorf, T.3
  • 70
    • 33846024748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Legionella Phagosome Maturation and Infection through Flagellin and Host Ipaf
    • Amer A, Franchi L, Kanneganti TD, et al. Regulation of Legionella Phagosome Maturation and Infection through Flagellin and Host Ipaf. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 35217-35223.
    • (2006) J Biol Chem , vol.281 , pp. 35217-35223
    • Amer, A.1    Franchi, L.2    Kanneganti, T.D.3
  • 71
    • 33947126020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bircle/Naip5 rapidly antagonizes modulation of phagosome maturation by Legionella pneumophila
    • Fortier A, de Chastellier C, Balor S, et al. Bircle/Naip5 rapidly antagonizes modulation of phagosome maturation by Legionella pneumophila. Cell Microbiol 2007; 9: 910-923.
    • (2007) Cell Microbiol , vol.9 , pp. 910-923
    • Fortier, A.1    de Chastellier, C.2    Balor, S.3
  • 72
    • 0023779753 scopus 로고
    • Temperature-dependent expression of flagella of Listeria monocytogenes studied by electron microscopy, SDS-PAGE and western blotting
    • Peel M, Donachie W, Shaw A. Temperature-dependent expression of flagella of Listeria monocytogenes studied by electron microscopy, SDS-PAGE and western blotting. J Gen Microbiol 1988; 134: 2171-2178.
    • (1988) J Gen Microbiol , vol.134 , pp. 2171-2178
    • Peel, M.1    Donachie, W.2    Shaw, A.3
  • 73
    • 0038051552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunofluorescence detection of Bartonella bacilliformis flagella in vitro and in vivo in human red blood cells as viewed by laser confocal microscopy
    • Rolain JM, Novelli S, Ventosilla P, et al. Immunofluorescence detection of Bartonella bacilliformis flagella in vitro and in vivo in human red blood cells as viewed by laser confocal microscopy. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003; 990: 581-584.
    • (2003) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.990 , pp. 581-584
    • Rolain, J.M.1    Novelli, S.2    Ventosilla, P.3
  • 74
    • 22444433175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NLRs join TLRs as innate sensors of pathogens
    • Martinon F, Tschopp J. NLRs join TLRs as innate sensors of pathogens. Trends Immunol 2005; 26: 447-454.
    • (2005) Trends Immunol , vol.26 , pp. 447-454
    • Martinon, F.1    Tschopp, J.2
  • 75
    • 32944462834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial RNA and small antiviral compounds activate caspase-1 through cryopyrin/Nalp3
    • Kanneganti TD, Ozoren N, Body-Malapel M, et al. Bacterial RNA and small antiviral compounds activate caspase-1 through cryopyrin/Nalp3. Nature 2006; 440: 233-236.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.440 , pp. 233-236
    • Kanneganti, T.D.1    Ozoren, N.2    Body-Malapel, M.3
  • 76
    • 32944470765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP
    • Mariathasan S, Weiss DS, Newton F, et al. Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP. Nature 2006; 440: 228-232.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.440 , pp. 228-232
    • Mariathasan, S.1    Weiss, D.S.2    Newton, F.3
  • 77
    • 32944468985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome
    • Martinon F, Petrilli V, Mayor A, et al. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 2006; 440: 237-241.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.440 , pp. 237-241
    • Martinon, F.1    Petrilli, V.2    Mayor, A.3
  • 78
    • 31744441475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Na1p1b controls mouse macrophage susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin
    • Boyden ED, Dietrich WF. Na1p1b controls mouse macrophage susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin. Nat Genet 2006; 38: 240-244.
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , pp. 240-244
    • Boyden, E.D.1    Dietrich, W.F.2
  • 79
    • 0034815799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human CARD12 is a novel CED4/Apaf-1 family member that induces apoptosis
    • Geddes BJ, Wang L, Huang WJ, et al. Human CARD12 is a novel CED4/Apaf-1 family member that induces apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 284: 77-82.
    • (2001) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.284 , pp. 77-82
    • Geddes, B.J.1    Wang, L.2    Huang, W.J.3
  • 80
    • 23844549198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular bacteria differentially regulated endothelial cytokine release by MAPK-dependent histone modification
    • Schmeck B, Beermann W, van Lank V, et al. Intracellular bacteria differentially regulated endothelial cytokine release by MAPK-dependent histone modification. J Immunol 2005; 175: 2843-2850.
    • (2005) J Immunol , vol.175 , pp. 2843-2850
    • Schmeck, B.1    Beermann, W.2    van Lank, V.3
  • 81
    • 0031973493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipopolysaccharide activates caspase-1 (interleukin-1-converting enzyme) in cultured monocytic and endothelial cells
    • Schumann RR, Belka C, Reuter D, et al. Lipopolysaccharide activates caspase-1 (interleukin-1-converting enzyme) in cultured monocytic and endothelial cells. Blood 1998; 91: 577-584.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.91 , pp. 577-584
    • Schumann, R.R.1    Belka, C.2    Reuter, D.3
  • 82
    • 0028897616 scopus 로고
    • Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by endothelial cells induces cytokine gene expression
    • Yao L, Bengualid V, Lowy FD, et al. Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by endothelial cells induces cytokine gene expression. Infect Immun 1995; 63: 1835-1839.
    • (1995) Infect Immun , vol.63 , pp. 1835-1839
    • Yao, L.1    Bengualid, V.2    Lowy, F.D.3
  • 83
    • 0032954179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IgG anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or systemic vasculitis stimulate the release of two endothelial cell-derived mediators, which enhance adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte adhesion in an autocrine manner
    • Carvalho D, Savage CO, Isenberg D, et al. IgG anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or systemic vasculitis stimulate the release of two endothelial cell-derived mediators, which enhance adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte adhesion in an autocrine manner. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 631-640.
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 631-640
    • Carvalho, D.1    Savage, C.O.2    Isenberg, D.3
  • 84
    • 15844423167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-endothelial cell IgG antibodies from patients with Wegener's granulomatosis bind to human endothelial cells in vitro and induce adhesion molecule expression and cytokine secretion
    • Del Papa N, Guidali L, Sironi M et al. Anti-endothelial cell IgG antibodies from patients with Wegener's granulomatosis bind to human endothelial cells in vitro and induce adhesion molecule expression and cytokine secretion. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39: 758-766.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 758-766
    • Del Papa, N.1    Guidali, L.2    Sironi, M.3
  • 85
    • 33645891172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in atherosclerosis: Pathogenic and regulatory pathways
    • Tedgui A, Mallat Z. Cytokines in atherosclerosis: pathogenic and regulatory pathways. Physiol Rev 2006; 86: 515-581.
    • (2006) Physiol Rev , vol.86 , pp. 515-581
    • Tedgui, A.1    Mallat, Z.2
  • 86
    • 9244245293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nod1 responds to peptidoglycan delivered by the Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island
    • Viala J, Chaput C, Boneca IG, et al. Nod1 responds to peptidoglycan delivered by the Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island. Nat Immunol 2004; 5: 1166-1174.
    • (2004) Nat Immunol , vol.5 , pp. 1166-1174
    • Viala, J.1    Chaput, C.2    Boneca, I.G.3
  • 87
    • 0035978651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
    • Hugot JP, Chamaillard M, Zouali H, et al. Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature 2001; 411: 599-603.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , pp. 599-603
    • Hugot, J.P.1    Chamaillard, M.2    Zouali, H.3
  • 88
    • 0035978533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
    • Ogura Y, Bonen DK, Inohara N, et al. A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature 2001; 411: 603-606.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.411 , pp. 603-606
    • Ogura, Y.1    Bonen, D.K.2    Inohara, N.3
  • 89
    • 10344259136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The V proteins of paramyxoviruses bind the IFN-inducible RNA helicase, mda-5, and inhibit its activation of the IFN-beta promoter
    • Andrejeva J, Childs KS, Young DF, et al. The V proteins of paramyxoviruses bind the IFN-inducible RNA helicase, mda-5, and inhibit its activation of the IFN-beta promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 17264-17269.
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.101 , pp. 17264-17269
    • Andrejeva, J.1    Childs, K.S.2    Young, D.F.3
  • 90
    • 3242813113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses
    • Yoneyama M, Kikuchi M, Natsukawa T, et al. The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses. Nat Immunol 2004; 5: 730-737.
    • (2004) Nat Immunol , vol.5 , pp. 730-737
    • Yoneyama, M.1    Kikuchi, M.2    Natsukawa, T.3
  • 91
    • 33750976374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5′-Triphosphate RNA is the ligand for RIG-I
    • Hornung V, Ellegast J, Kim S, et al. 5′-Triphosphate RNA is the ligand for RIG-I. Science 2006; 314: 994-997.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 994-997
    • Hornung, V.1    Ellegast, J.2    Kim, S.3
  • 92
    • 33646342149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses
    • Kato H, Takeuchi O, Sato S, et al. Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses. Nature 2006; 441: 101-105.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 101-105
    • Kato, H.1    Takeuchi, O.2    Sato, S.3
  • 93
    • 33750984771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5′-phosphates
    • Pichlmair A, Schutz O, Tan CP, et al. RIG-I-mediated antiviral responses to single-stranded RNA bearing 5′-phosphates. Science 2006; 314: 997-1001.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 997-1001
    • Pichlmair, A.1    Schutz, O.2    Tan, C.P.3
  • 94
    • 27144440523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction
    • Kawai T, Takahashi K, Sato S, et al. IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction. Nat Immumol 2005; 6: 981-988.
    • (2005) Nat Immumol , vol.6 , pp. 981-988
    • Kawai, T.1    Takahashi, K.2    Sato, S.3
  • 95
    • 27144440476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus
    • Meylan E, Curran J, Hofmann K, et al. Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus. Nature 2005; 437: 1167-1172.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.437 , pp. 1167-1172
    • Meylan, E.1    Curran, J.2    Hofmann, K.3
  • 96
    • 24144461689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-kappaB and IRF 3
    • Seth RB, Sun L, Ea CK, et al. Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-kappaB and IRF 3. Cell 2005; 122: 669-682.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.122 , pp. 669-682
    • Seth, R.B.1    Sun, L.2    Ea, C.K.3
  • 97
    • 24944538819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling
    • Xu LG, Wang YY, Han KJ, et al. VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling. Mol Cell 2005; 19: 727-740.
    • (2005) Mol Cell , vol.19 , pp. 727-740
    • Xu, L.G.1    Wang, Y.Y.2    Han, K.J.3
  • 98
    • 30544447047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical role of TRAF3 in the Toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent antiviral response
    • Oganesyan G, Saha SK, Guo B, et al. Critical role of TRAF3 in the Toll-like receptor-dependent and -independent antiviral response. Nature 2006; 439: 208-211.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.439 , pp. 208-211
    • Oganesyan, G.1    Saha, S.K.2    Guo, B.3
  • 99
    • 0036295052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I is induced in endothelial cells by LPS and regulates expression of COX-2
    • Imaizumi T, Aratani S, Nakajima T, et al. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I is induced in endothelial cells by LPS and regulates expression of COX-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 292: 274-279.
    • (2002) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.292 , pp. 274-279
    • Imaizumi, T.1    Aratani, S.2    Nakajima, T.3
  • 100
    • 27944453599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor-independent gene induction program activated by mammalian DNA escaped from apoptotic DNA degradation
    • Okabe Y, Kawane K, Akira S, et al. Toll-like receptor-independent gene induction program activated by mammalian DNA escaped from apoptotic DNA degradation. J Exp Med 2005; 202: 1333-1339.
    • (2005) J Exp Med , vol.202 , pp. 1333-1339
    • Okabe, Y.1    Kawane, K.2    Akira, S.3
  • 101
    • 33750542135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll' gates for future immunotherapy
    • Ishii KJ, Uematsu S, Akira S. 'Toll' gates for future immunotherapy. Curr Pharm Des 2006; 12: 4135-4142.
    • (2006) Curr Pharm Des , vol.12 , pp. 4135-4142
    • Ishii, K.J.1    Uematsu, S.2    Akira, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.