메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 47, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 170-184

Modulation of insulin action

Author keywords

Hyperglycaemia; Hyperinsulinaemia; Insulin resistance; Insulin signalling; IRS proteins; Serine threonine phosphorylation; SOCS proteins

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; FATTY ACID; GLUCOSAMINE; GLUCOSE; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 4; INSULIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 1542285112     PISSN: 0012186X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-003-1313-3     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (250)

References (149)
  • 1
    • 0037007124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The insulin signalling pathway
    • Lizcano JM, Alessi DR (2002) The insulin signalling pathway. Curr Biol 12:R236-R238
    • (2002) Curr Biol , vol.12
    • Lizcano, J.M.1    Alessi, D.R.2
  • 2
    • 0035044213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review 125: The insulin receptor and its cellular targets
    • Kido Y, Nakae J, Accili D (2001) Clinical review 125: the insulin receptor and its cellular targets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:972-979
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 972-979
    • Kido, Y.1    Nakae, J.2    Accili, D.3
  • 3
  • 4
    • 0030748457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The insulin signalling system and the IRS proteins
    • White MF (1997) The insulin signalling system and the IRS proteins. Diabetologia 40:S2-S17
    • (1997) Diabetologia , vol.40
    • White, M.F.1
  • 5
    • 0035856949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism
    • Saltiel AR, Kahn CR (2001) Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nature 414:799-806
    • (2001) Nature , vol.414 , pp. 799-806
    • Saltiel, A.R.1    Kahn, C.R.2
  • 6
    • 0032579555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for nuclear factor kappaB in the antiapoptotic function of insulin
    • Bertrand F, Atfi A, Cadoret A et al. (1998) A role for nuclear factor kappaB in the antiapoptotic function of insulin. J Biol Chem 273:2931-2938
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 2931-2938
    • Bertrand, F.1    Atfi, A.2    Cadoret, A.3
  • 7
    • 0036155469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wortmannin-sensitive pathway is required for insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of inhibitor kappaBalpha
    • Pandey SK, He HJ, Chesley A, Juhaszova M, Crow MT, Bernier M (2002) Wortmannin-sensitive pathway is required for insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of inhibitor kappaBalpha. Endocrinology 143:375-385
    • (2002) Endocrinology , vol.143 , pp. 375-385
    • Pandey, S.K.1    He, H.J.2    Chesley, A.3    Juhaszova, M.4    Crow, M.T.5    Bernier, M.6
  • 8
    • 0034653608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PI3K-PDK1 connection: More than just a road to PKB
    • Vanhaesebroeck B, Alessi DR (2000) The PI3K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB. Biochem J 346:561-576
    • (2000) Biochem J , vol.346 , pp. 561-576
    • Vanhaesebroeck, B.1    Alessi, D.R.2
  • 9
    • 0035499454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten years of protein kinase B signalling: A hard Akt to follow
    • Brazil DP, Hemmings BA (2001) Ten years of protein kinase B signalling: a hard Akt to follow. Trends Biochem Sci 26:657-664
    • (2001) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.26 , pp. 657-664
    • Brazil, D.P.1    Hemmings, B.A.2
  • 10
    • 0036434431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin regulation of glucose uptake: A complex interplay of intracellular signalling pathways
    • Khan AH, Pessin JE (2002) Insulin regulation of glucose uptake: a complex interplay of intracellular signalling pathways. Diabetologia 45:1475-1483
    • (2002) Diabetologia , vol.45 , pp. 1475-1483
    • Khan, A.H.1    Pessin, J.E.2
  • 11
    • 0029587224 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B
    • Cross DA, Alessi DR, Cohen P, Andjelkovich M, Hemmings BA (1995) Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B. Nature 378:785-789
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 785-789
    • Cross, D.A.1    Alessi, D.R.2    Cohen, P.3    Andjelkovich, M.4    Hemmings, B.A.5
  • 12
    • 0028085233 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of lipogenic enzyme gene expression by nutrients and hormones
    • Girard J, Perdereau D, Foufelle F, Prip-Buus C, Ferre P (1994) Regulation of lipogenic enzyme gene expression by nutrients and hormones. FASEB J 8:36-42
    • (1994) FASEB J , vol.8 , pp. 36-42
    • Girard, J.1    Perdereau, D.2    Foufelle, F.3    Prip-Buus, C.4    Ferre, P.5
  • 14
    • 0034648794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CAP defines a second signalling pathway required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport
    • Baumann CA, Ribon V, Kanzaki M et al. (2000) CAP defines a second signalling pathway required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Nature 407:202-207
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 202-207
    • Baumann, C.A.1    Ribon, V.2    Kanzaki, M.3
  • 15
    • 0035912228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation requires the CAP-dependent activation of TC10
    • Chiang SH, Baumann CA, Kanzaki M et al. (2001) Insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation requires the CAP-dependent activation of TC10. Nature 410:944-948
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 944-948
    • Chiang, S.H.1    Baumann, C.A.2    Kanzaki, M.3
  • 16
    • 0038521292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TCGAP, a multidomain Rho GTPase-activating protein involved in insulin-stimulated glucose transport
    • Chiang SH, Hwang J, Legendre M, Zhang M, Kimura A, Saltiel AR (2003) TCGAP, a multidomain Rho GTPase-activating protein involved in insulin-stimulated glucose transport. EMBO J 22:2679-2691
    • (2003) EMBO J , vol.22 , pp. 2679-2691
    • Chiang, S.H.1    Hwang, J.2    Legendre, M.3    Zhang, M.4    Kimura, A.5    Saltiel, A.R.6
  • 17
    • 0347721775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dominant-negative p38 MAPK mutant and novel selective inhibitors of p38 MAPK reduce insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without affecting GLUT4 translocation
    • Somwar R, Koterski S, Sweeney G et al. (2002) A dominant-negative p38 MAPK mutant and novel selective inhibitors of p38 MAPK reduce insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without affecting GLUT4 translocation. J Biol Chem 277:50386-50395
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 50386-50395
    • Somwar, R.1    Koterski, S.2    Sweeney, G.3
  • 18
    • 0037283601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes
    • Kahn SE (2003) The relative contributions of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction to the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 46:3-19
    • (2003) Diabetologia , vol.46 , pp. 3-19
    • Kahn, S.E.1
  • 19
    • 0034525135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knockout mice challenge our concepts of glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus
    • Kahn CR, Bruning JC, Michael MD, Kulkarni RN (2000) Knockout mice challenge our concepts of glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 13:1377-1384
    • (2000) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , vol.13 , pp. 1377-1384
    • Kahn, C.R.1    Bruning, J.C.2    Michael, M.D.3    Kulkarni, R.N.4
  • 20
    • 0037590155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hyperglycemia impairs insulin secretion by affecting insulin receptor expression, splicing, and signaling in Rin beta cell line and human islets of Langerhans
    • Hribal ML, Perego L, Lovari S et al. (2003) Chronic hyperglycemia impairs insulin secretion by affecting insulin receptor expression, splicing, and signaling in RIN beta cell line and human islets of Langerhans. FASEB J 17:1340-1342
    • (2003) FASEB J , vol.17 , pp. 1340-1342
    • Hribal, M.L.1    Perego, L.2    Lovari, S.3
  • 21
    • 0036910731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis in the beta cells: Cause or consequence of insulin secretion defect in diabetes?
    • Sesti G (2002) Apoptosis in the beta cells: cause or consequence of insulin secretion defect in diabetes? Ann Med 34:444-450
    • (2002) Ann Med , vol.34 , pp. 444-450
    • Sesti, G.1
  • 22
    • 0037191135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: Role of metabolic and genetic abnormalities
    • LeRoith D (2002) Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: role of metabolic and genetic abnormalities. Am J Med 113:3S-11S
    • (2002) Am J Med , vol.113
    • LeRoith, D.1
  • 24
    • 0022415592 scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase is defective in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant obese mice
    • Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Gremeaux T, Ballotti R, Van Obberghen E (1985) Insulin receptor tyrosine kinase is defective in skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant obese mice. Nature 315:676-679
    • (1985) Nature , vol.315 , pp. 676-679
    • Le Marchand-Brustel, Y.1    Gremeaux, T.2    Ballotti, R.3    Van Obberghen, E.4
  • 25
    • 0023240110 scopus 로고
    • Defective insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in human skeletal muscle in obesity and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
    • Arner P, Pollare T, Lithell H, Livingston JN (1987) Defective insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in human skeletal muscle in obesity and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 30:437-440
    • (1987) Diabetologia , vol.30 , pp. 437-440
    • Arner, P.1    Pollare, T.2    Lithell, H.3    Livingston, J.N.4
  • 26
    • 0020024951 scopus 로고
    • The insulin receptor on the human lymphocyte: Insulin-induced down-regulation of 126,000 and 90,000 glycosylated subunits
    • Harrison LC, Itin A, Kasuga M, Van Obberghen E (1982) The insulin receptor on the human lymphocyte: insulin-induced down-regulation of 126,000 and 90,000 glycosylated subunits. Diabetologia 22:233-238
    • (1982) Diabetologia , vol.22 , pp. 233-238
    • Harrison, L.C.1    Itin, A.2    Kasuga, M.3    Van Obberghen, E.4
  • 27
    • 0020402102 scopus 로고
    • Decreased insulin binding in cultured lymphocytes from two patients with extreme insulin resistance
    • Taylor SI, Samuels B, Roth J et al. (1982) Decreased insulin binding in cultured lymphocytes from two patients with extreme insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 54:919-930
    • (1982) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.54 , pp. 919-930
    • Taylor, S.I.1    Samuels, B.2    Roth, J.3
  • 28
    • 0034074152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serine residues 1177/78/82 of the insulin receptor are required for substrate phosphorylation but not autophosphorylation
    • Bossenmaier B, Strack V, Stoyanov B et al. (2000) Serine residues 1177/78/82 of the insulin receptor are required for substrate phosphorylation but not autophosphorylation. Diabetes 49:889-895
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 889-895
    • Bossenmaier, B.1    Strack, V.2    Stoyanov, B.3
  • 29
    • 0031965286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptors is increased in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic primary hyperinsulinemia
    • Federici M, Lauro D, D'Adamo M et al. (1998) Expression of insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptors is increased in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic primary hyperinsulinemia. Diabetes 47:87-92
    • (1998) Diabetes , vol.47 , pp. 87-92
    • Federici, M.1    Lauro, D.2    D'Adamo, M.3
  • 30
    • 0031727326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased abundance of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I hybrid receptors in skeletal muscle of obese subjects is correlated with in vivo insulin sensitivity
    • Federici M, Porzio O, Lauro D et al. (1998) Increased abundance of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I hybrid receptors in skeletal muscle of obese subjects is correlated with in vivo insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:2911-2915
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 2911-2915
    • Federici, M.1    Porzio, O.2    Lauro, D.3
  • 31
    • 0033532347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of a small molecule insulin mimetic with antidiabetic activity in mice
    • Zhang B, Salituro G, Szalkowski D et al. (1999) Discovery of a small molecule insulin mimetic with antidiabetic activity in mice. Science 284:974-977
    • (1999) Science , vol.284 , pp. 974-977
    • Zhang, B.1    Salituro, G.2    Szalkowski, D.3
  • 32
    • 0026438979 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in liver and muscle of animal models of insulin resistance
    • Saad MJ, Araki E, Miralpeix M, Rothenberg PL, White MF, Kahn CR (1992) Regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in liver and muscle of animal models of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 90:1839-1849
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.90 , pp. 1839-1849
    • Saad, M.J.1    Araki, E.2    Miralpeix, M.3    Rothenberg, P.L.4    White, M.F.5    Kahn, C.R.6
  • 33
    • 0027260317 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of okadaic acid on insulin-stimulated glucose and amino acid uptake and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
    • Jullien D, Tanti JF, Heydrick SJ et al. (1993) Differential effects of okadaic acid on insulin-stimulated glucose and amino acid uptake and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. J Biol Chem 268:15246-15251
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 15246-15251
    • Jullien, D.1    Tanti, J.F.2    Heydrick, S.J.3
  • 34
    • 0028227166 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical mechanisms of insulin resistance
    • Roth RA, Liu F, Chin JE (1994) Biochemical mechanisms of insulin resistance. Horm Res 41:51-55
    • (1994) Horm Res , vol.41 , pp. 51-55
    • Roth, R.A.1    Liu, F.2    Chin, J.E.3
  • 35
    • 0033537931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of enhanced serine kinase activity in insulin resistance
    • Qiao LY, Goldberg JL, Russell JC, Sun XJ (1999) Identification of enhanced serine kinase activity in insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 274:10625-10632
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 10625-10632
    • Qiao, L.Y.1    Goldberg, J.L.2    Russell, J.C.3    Sun, X.J.4
  • 36
    • 0000085132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate-1 degradation is mediated by the proteasome degradation pathway
    • Sun XJ, Goldberg JL, Qiao LY, Mitchell JJ (1999) Insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate-1 degradation is mediated by the proteasome degradation pathway. Diabetes 48:1359-1364
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 1359-1364
    • Sun, X.J.1    Goldberg, J.L.2    Qiao, L.Y.3    Mitchell, J.J.4
  • 37
    • 0034463918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1
    • Haruta T, Uno T, Kawahara J et al. (2000) A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol Endocrinol 14:783-794
    • (2000) Mol Endocrinol , vol.14 , pp. 783-794
    • Haruta, T.1    Uno, T.2    Kawahara, J.3
  • 38
    • 0036479325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-3-3 Proteins: Active cofactors in cellular regulation by serine/threonine phosphorylation
    • Tzivion G, Avruch J (2002) 14-3-3 proteins: active cofactors in cellular regulation by serine/threonine phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 277:3061-3064
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 3061-3064
    • Tzivion, G.1    Avruch, J.2
  • 39
    • 0030995955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-3-3 (epsilon) interacts with the insulin-like growth factor I receptor and insulin receptor substrate I in a phosphoserine-dependent manner
    • Craparo A, Freund R, Gustafson TA (1997) 14-3-3 (epsilon) interacts with the insulin-like growth factor I receptor and insulin receptor substrate I in a phosphoserine-dependent manner. J Biol Chem 272:11663-11669
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 11663-11669
    • Craparo, A.1    Freund, R.2    Gustafson, T.A.3
  • 40
    • 15444344415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-3-3 Protein binds to insulin receptor substrate-1, one of the binding sites of which is in the phosphotyrosine binding domain
    • Ogihara T, Isobe T, Ichimura T et al. (1997) 14-3-3 protein binds to insulin receptor substrate-1, one of the binding sites of which is in the phosphotyrosine binding domain. J Biol Chem 272:25267-25274
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 25267-25274
    • Ogihara, T.1    Isobe, T.2    Ichimura, T.3
  • 41
    • 0031594188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-3-3Beta protein associates with insulin receptor substrate 1 and decreases insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase activity in 3T3L1 adipocytes
    • Kosaki A, Yamada K, Suga J, Otaka A, Kuzuya H (1998) 14-3-3beta protein associates with insulin receptor substrate 1 and decreases insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase activity in 3T3L1 adipocytes. J Biol Chem 273:940-944
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 940-944
    • Kosaki, A.1    Yamada, K.2    Suga, J.3    Otaka, A.4    Kuzuya, H.5
  • 42
    • 0036192152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-3-3 Facilitates insulin-stimulated intracellular trafficking of insulin receptor substrate 1
    • Xiang X, Yuan M, Song Y, Ruderman N, Wen R, Luo Z (2002) 14-3-3 facilitates insulin-stimulated intracellular trafficking of insulin receptor substrate 1. Mol Endocrinol 16:552-562
    • (2002) Mol Endocrinol , vol.16 , pp. 552-562
    • Xiang, X.1    Yuan, M.2    Song, Y.3    Ruderman, N.4    Wen, R.5    Luo, Z.6
  • 43
    • 0027953284 scopus 로고
    • PI 3-kinase is a dual specificity enzyme: Autoregulation by an intrinsic protein-serine kinase activity
    • Dhand R, Hiles I, Panayotou G et al. (1994) PI 3-kinase is a dual specificity enzyme: autoregulation by an intrinsic protein-serine kinase activity. EMBO J 13:522-533
    • (1994) EMBO J , vol.13 , pp. 522-533
    • Dhand, R.1    Hiles, I.2    Panayotou, G.3
  • 44
    • 0028018858 scopus 로고
    • The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase serine kinase phosphorylates IRS-1. Stimulation by insulin and inhibition by Wortmannin
    • Lam K, Carpenter CL, Ruderman NB, Friel JC, Kelly KL (1994) The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase serine kinase phosphorylates IRS-1. Stimulation by insulin and inhibition by Wortmannin. J Biol Chem 269:20648-20652
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 20648-20652
    • Lam, K.1    Carpenter, C.L.2    Ruderman, N.B.3    Friel, J.C.4    Kelly, K.L.5
  • 45
    • 0033553415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane-targeted phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mimics insulin actions and induces a state of cellular insulin resistance
    • Egawa K, Sharma PM, Nakashima N et al. (1999) Membrane-targeted phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mimics insulin actions and induces a state of cellular insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 274:14306-14314
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 14306-14314
    • Egawa, K.1    Sharma, P.M.2    Nakashima, N.3
  • 46
    • 0030931560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by glycogen synthase kinase 3 impairs insulin action
    • Eldar-Finkelman H, Krebs EG (1997) Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by glycogen synthase kinase 3 impairs insulin action. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:9660-9664
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 9660-9664
    • Eldar-Finkelman, H.1    Krebs, E.G.2
  • 47
    • 0035836770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates and PTEN antagonizes tumor necrosis factor inhibition of insulin signaling through insulin receptor substrate-1
    • Ozes ON, Akca H, Mayo LD et al. (2001) A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates and PTEN antagonizes tumor necrosis factor inhibition of insulin signaling through insulin receptor substrate-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:4640-4645
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 4640-4645
    • Ozes, O.N.1    Akca, H.2    Mayo, L.D.3
  • 48
    • 0035957949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin stimulates PKCzeta -mediated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). A self-attenuated mechanism to negatively regulate the function of IRS proteins
    • Liu YF, Paz K, Herschkovitz A et al. (2001) Insulin stimulates PKCzeta -mediated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). A self-attenuated mechanism to negatively regulate the function of IRS proteins. J Biol Chem 276:14459-14465
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 14459-14465
    • Liu, Y.F.1    Paz, K.2    Herschkovitz, A.3
  • 49
    • 0035793592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C-zeta phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 and impairs its ability to activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in response to insulin
    • Ravichandran LV, Esposito DL, Chen J, Quon MJ (2001) Protein kinase C-zeta phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate-1 and impairs its ability to activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in response to insulin. J Biol Chem 276:3543-3549
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 3543-3549
    • Ravichandran, L.V.1    Esposito, D.L.2    Chen, J.3    Quon, M.J.4
  • 50
    • 0034751858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1: A novel target for the reversal of insulin resistance
    • Sykiotis GP, Papavassiliou AG (2001) Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1: a novel target for the reversal of insulin resistance. Mol Endocrinol 15:1864-1869
    • (2001) Mol Endocrinol , vol.15 , pp. 1864-1869
    • Sykiotis, G.P.1    Papavassiliou, A.G.2
  • 51
    • 0034708832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser(307)
    • Aguirre V, Uchida T, Yenush L, Davis R, White MF (2000) The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser(307). J Biol Chem 275:9047-9054
    • (2000) J Biol Chem , vol.275 , pp. 9047-9054
    • Aguirre, V.1    Uchida, T.2    Yenush, L.3    Davis, R.4    White, M.F.5
  • 52
    • 0037059330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action
    • Aguirre V, Werner ED, Giraud J, Lee YH, Shoelson SE, White MF (2002) Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action. J Biol Chem 277:1531-1537
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 1531-1537
    • Aguirre, V.1    Werner, E.D.2    Giraud, J.3    Lee, Y.H.4    Shoelson, S.E.5    White, M.F.6
  • 53
    • 0037153158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance
    • Hirosumi J, Tuncman G, Chang L et al. (2002) A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance. Nature 420:333-336
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 333-336
    • Hirosumi, J.1    Tuncman, G.2    Chang, L.3
  • 54
    • 0035144307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin/IGF-1 and TNF-alpha stimulate phosphorylation of IRS-1 at inhibitory Ser307 via distinct pathways
    • Rui L, Aguirre V, Kim JK et al. (2001) Insulin/IGF-1 and TNF-alpha stimulate phosphorylation of IRS-1 at inhibitory Ser307 via distinct pathways. J Clin Invest 107:181-189
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.107 , pp. 181-189
    • Rui, L.1    Aguirre, V.2    Kim, J.K.3
  • 55
    • 0037474274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mediates feedback inhibition of the insulin signaling cascade
    • Lee YH, Giraud J, Davis RJ, White MF (2003) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mediates feedback inhibition of the insulin signaling cascade. J Biol Chem 278:2896-2902
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 2896-2902
    • Lee, Y.H.1    Giraud, J.2    Davis, R.J.3    White, M.F.4
  • 56
    • 0037424466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of insulin-stimulated degradation of human insulin receptor substrate-1 by serine 312 phosphorylation
    • Greene MW, Sakaue H, Wang L, Alessi DR, Roth RA (2003) Modulation of insulin-stimulated degradation of human insulin receptor substrate-1 by serine 312 phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 278:8199-8211
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 8199-8211
    • Greene, M.W.1    Sakaue, H.2    Wang, L.3    Alessi, D.R.4    Roth, R.A.5
  • 57
    • 0038321436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and increased serine 636 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in primary culture of skeletal muscle cells from patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Bouzakri K, Roques M, Gual P et al. (2003) Reduced activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and increased serine 636 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in primary culture of skeletal muscle cells from patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 52:1319-1325
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 1319-1325
    • Bouzakri, K.1    Roques, M.2    Gual, P.3
  • 58
    • 0031465447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and function by mitogen-activated protein kinase
    • De Fea K, Roth RA (1997) Modulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and function by mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 272:31400-31406
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 31400-31406
    • De Fea, K.1    Roth, R.A.2
  • 59
    • 0033773334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated insulin resistance, but not dedifferentiation, is abrogated by MEK1/2 inhibitors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • Engelman JA, Berg AH, Lewis RY, Lisanti MP, Scherer PE (2000) Tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated insulin resistance, but not dedifferentiation, is abrogated by MEK1/2 inhibitors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 14:1557-1569
    • (2000) Mol Endocrinol , vol.14 , pp. 1557-1569
    • Engelman, J.A.1    Berg, A.H.2    Lewis, R.Y.3    Lisanti, M.P.4    Scherer, P.E.5
  • 60
    • 0033968126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance differentially affects the PI 3-kinase- and MAP kinase-mediated signaling in human muscle
    • Cusi K, Maezono K, Osman A et al. (2000) Insulin resistance differentially affects the PI 3-kinase-and MAP kinase-mediated signaling in human muscle. J Clin Invest 105:311-320
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.105 , pp. 311-320
    • Cusi, K.1    Maezono, K.2    Osman, A.3
  • 61
    • 0037339991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibit insulin signaling by different mechanisms in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • Fujishiro M, Gotoh Y, Katagiri H et al. (2003) Three mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibit insulin signaling by different mechanisms in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 17:487-497
    • (2003) Mol Endocrinol , vol.17 , pp. 487-497
    • Fujishiro, M.1    Gotoh, Y.2    Katagiri, H.3
  • 62
    • 0037341276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced basal activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in adipocytes from type 2 diabetes: Potential role of p38 in the downregulation of GLUT4 expression
    • Carlson CJ, Koterski S, Sciotti RJ, Poccard GB, Rondinone CM (2003) Enhanced basal activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in adipocytes from type 2 diabetes: potential role of p38 in the downregulation of GLUT4 expression. Diabetes 52:634-641
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 634-641
    • Carlson, C.J.1    Koterski, S.2    Sciotti, R.J.3    Poccard, G.B.4    Rondinone, C.M.5
  • 63
    • 0036300508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained exposure of L6 myotubes to high glucose and insulin decreases insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation but upregulates GLUT4 activity
    • Huang C, Somwar R, Patel N, Niu W, Torok D, Klip A (2002) Sustained exposure of L6 myotubes to high glucose and insulin decreases insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation but upregulates GLUT4 activity. Diabetes 51:2090-2098
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2090-2098
    • Huang, C.1    Somwar, R.2    Patel, N.3    Niu, W.4    Torok, D.5    Klip, A.6
  • 64
    • 0032792665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: Possible roles in type 2 diabetes
    • Winder WW, Hardie DG (1999) AMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol 277:E1-E10
    • (1999) Am J Physiol , vol.277
    • Winder, W.W.1    Hardie, D.G.2
  • 65
    • 0035861644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylates IRS-1 on Ser-789 in mouse C2C12 myotubes in response to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside
    • Jakobsen SN, Hardie DG, Morrice N, Tornqvist HE (2001) 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylates IRS-1 on Ser-789 in mouse C2C12 myotubes in response to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside. J Biol Chem 276:46912-46916
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 46912-46916
    • Jakobsen, S.N.1    Hardie, D.G.2    Morrice, N.3    Tornqvist, H.E.4
  • 66
    • 0038043252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipose-specific expression, phosphorylation of Ser794 in insulin receptor substrate-1, and activation in diabetic animals of salt-inducible kinase-2
    • Horike N, Takemori H, Katoh Y et al. (2003) Adipose-specific expression, phosphorylation of Ser794 in insulin receptor substrate-1, and activation in diabetic animals of salt-inducible kinase-2. J Biol Chem 278:18440-18447
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 18440-18447
    • Horike, N.1    Takemori, H.2    Katoh, Y.3
  • 67
    • 0035979775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversal of obesity- and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of Ikkbeta
    • Yuan M, Konstantopoulos N, Lee J et al. (2001) Reversal of obesity-and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of Ikkbeta. Science 293:1673-1677
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 1673-1677
    • Yuan, M.1    Konstantopoulos, N.2    Lee, J.3
  • 68
    • 0034903710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate
    • Kim JK, Kim YJ, Fillmore JJ et al. (2001) Prevention of fat-induced insulin resistance by salicylate. J Clin Invest 108:437-446
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 437-446
    • Kim, J.K.1    Kim, Y.J.2    Fillmore, J.J.3
  • 69
    • 0037073679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by inhibitor kappa B kinase complex
    • Gao Z, Hwang D, Bataille F et al. (2002) Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by inhibitor kappa B kinase complex. J Biol Chem 277:48115-48121
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 48115-48121
    • Gao, Z.1    Hwang, D.2    Bataille, F.3
  • 70
    • 0042591261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin inhibits serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 in tumor necrosis factor-treated cells through targeting multiple serine kinases
    • Gao Z, Zuberi A, Quon MJ, Dong Z, Ye J (2003) Aspirin inhibits serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 in tumor necrosis factor-treated cells through targeting multiple serine kinases. J Biol Chem 278:24944-24950
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 24944-24950
    • Gao, Z.1    Zuberi, A.2    Quon, M.J.3    Dong, Z.4    Ye, J.5
  • 71
    • 0142027806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting I kappa B kinase for the treatment of inflammatory and other disorders
    • Burke JR (2003) Targeting I kappa B kinase for the treatment of inflammatory and other disorders. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 6:720-728
    • (2003) Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel , vol.6 , pp. 720-728
    • Burke, J.R.1
  • 72
    • 0032548848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rho-associated protein kinase, ROKalpha, binds insulin receptor substrate-1 and modulates insulin signaling
    • Farah S, Agazie Y, Ohan N, Ngsee JK, Liu XJ (1998) A rho-associated protein kinase, ROKalpha, binds insulin receptor substrate-1 and modulates insulin signaling. J Biol Chem 273:4740-4746
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 4740-4746
    • Farah, S.1    Agazie, Y.2    Ohan, N.3    Ngsee, J.K.4    Liu, X.J.5
  • 73
    • 0037155132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Rho kinase (ROK-alpha) associates with insulin receptor substrate-1 and inhibits insulin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Begum N, Sandu OA, Ito M, Lohmann SM, Smolenski A (2002) Active Rho kinase (ROK-alpha) associates with insulin receptor substrate-1 and inhibits insulin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 277:6214-6222
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 6214-6222
    • Begum, N.1    Sandu, O.A.2    Ito, M.3    Lohmann, S.M.4    Smolenski, A.5
  • 74
    • 0036595049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) in the immune system
    • Alexander WS (2002) Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2:410-416
    • (2002) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.2 , pp. 410-416
    • Alexander, W.S.1
  • 75
    • 0029014206 scopus 로고
    • A novel cytokine-inducible gene CIS encodes an SH2-containing protein that binds to tyrosine-phosphorylated interleukin 3 and erythropoietin receptors
    • Yoshimura A, Ohkubo T, Kiguchi T et al. (1995) A novel cytokine-inducible gene CIS encodes an SH2-containing protein that binds to tyrosine-phosphorylated interleukin 3 and erythropoietin receptors. Embo J 14:2816-28126
    • (1995) Embo J , vol.14 , pp. 2816-28126
    • Yoshimura, A.1    Ohkubo, T.2    Kiguchi, T.3
  • 76
    • 0030792590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A family of cytokine-inducible inhibitors of signalling
    • Starr R, Willson TA, Viney EM et al. (1997) A family of cytokine-inducible inhibitors of signalling. Nature 387:917-921
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 917-921
    • Starr, R.1    Willson, T.A.2    Viney, E.M.3
  • 79
    • 0035930605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOCS-3 inhibits insulin signaling and is up-regulated in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the adipose tissue of obese mice
    • Emanuelli B, Peraldi P, Filloux C et al. (2001) SOCS-3 inhibits insulin signaling and is up-regulated in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the adipose tissue of obese mice. J Biol Chem 276:47944-47949
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 47944-47949
    • Emanuelli, B.1    Peraldi, P.2    Filloux, C.3
  • 80
    • 0035827663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin Induction of SOCS-2 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells Is Mediated by Stat5*
    • Sadowski CL, Choi TS, Le M, Wheeler TT, Wang LH, Sadowski HB (2001) Insulin Induction of SOCS-2 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells Is Mediated by Stat5*. J Biol Chem 276:20703-20710
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 20703-20710
    • Sadowski, C.L.1    Choi, T.S.2    Le, M.3    Wheeler, T.T.4    Wang, L.H.5    Sadowski, H.B.6
  • 81
    • 0034638630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 protein interacts with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor
    • Dey BR, Furlanetto RW, Nissley P (2000) Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 protein interacts with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 278:38-43
    • (2000) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.278 , pp. 38-43
    • Dey, B.R.1    Furlanetto, R.W.2    Nissley, P.3
  • 82
    • 0032508617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of human suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-2 with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor
    • Dey BR, Spence SL, Nissley P, Furlanetto RW (1998) Interaction of human suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-2 with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. J Biol Chem 273:24095-24101
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 24095-24101
    • Dey, B.R.1    Spence, S.L.2    Nissley, P.3    Furlanetto, R.W.4
  • 83
    • 0027185238 scopus 로고
    • Site-directed mutagenesis of the juxtamembrane domain of the human insulin receptor
    • Kaburagi Y, Momomura K, Yamamoto-Honda R et al. (1993) Site-directed mutagenesis of the juxtamembrane domain of the human insulin receptor. J Biol Chem 268:16610-16622
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 16610-16622
    • Kaburagi, Y.1    Momomura, K.2    Yamamoto-Honda, R.3
  • 84
    • 0035854723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 and -6 associate with and inhibit the insulin receptor. A potential mechanism for cytokine-mediated insulin resistance
    • Mooney RA, Senn J, Cameron S et al. (2001) Suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 and -6 associate with and inhibit the insulin receptor. A potential mechanism for cytokine-mediated insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 276:25889-25893
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 25889-25893
    • Mooney, R.A.1    Senn, J.2    Cameron, S.3
  • 85
    • 0035862334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-induced STAT inhibitor 1 (SSI-1)/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) inhibits insulin signal transduction pathway through modulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation
    • Kawazoe Y, Naka T, Fujimoto M et al. (2001) Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-induced STAT inhibitor 1 (SSI-1)/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) inhibits insulin signal transduction pathway through modulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation. J Exp Med 193:263-269
    • (2001) J Exp Med , vol.193 , pp. 263-269
    • Kawazoe, Y.1    Naka, T.2    Fujimoto, M.3
  • 86
    • 0036830636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 block insulin signaling by ubiquitin-mediated degradation of IRS1 and IRS2
    • Rui L, Yuan M, Frantz D, Shoelson S, White MF (2002) SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 block insulin signaling by ubiquitin-mediated degradation of IRS1 and IRS2. J Biol Chem 277:42394-42398
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 42394-42398
    • Rui, L.1    Yuan, M.2    Frantz, D.3    Shoelson, S.4    White, M.F.5
  • 87
    • 0036275657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SOCS-6 binds to insulin receptor substrate 4, and mice lacking the SOCS-6 gene exhibit mild growth retardation
    • Krebs DL, Uren RT, Metcalf D et al. (2002) SOCS-6 binds to insulin receptor substrate 4, and mice lacking the SOCS-6 gene exhibit mild growth retardation. Mol Cell Biol 22:4567-4578
    • (2002) Mol Cell Biol , vol.22 , pp. 4567-4578
    • Krebs, D.L.1    Uren, R.T.2    Metcalf, D.3
  • 88
    • 17044451410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new role for SOCS in insulin action. Suppressor of cytokine signaling
    • Krebs DL, Hilton DJ (2003) A new role for SOCS in insulin action. Suppressor of cytokine signaling. Sci STKE 2003(169):PE6
    • (2003) Sci STKE , vol.2003 , Issue.169
    • Krebs, D.L.1    Hilton, D.J.2
  • 89
    • 0033029101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients
    • Andreelli F, Laville M, Ducluzeau PH et al. (1999) Defective regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Diabetologia 42:358-364
    • (1999) Diabetologia , vol.42 , pp. 358-364
    • Andreelli, F.1    Laville, M.2    Ducluzeau, P.H.3
  • 90
    • 0035432971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle of high fat-fed rats is associated with alterations in both Akt/protein kinase B and atypical protein kinase C (zeta/lambda) activities
    • Tremblay F, Lavigne C, Jacques H, Marette A (2001) Defective insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle of high fat-fed rats is associated with alterations in both Akt/protein kinase B and atypical protein kinase C (zeta/lambda) activities. Diabetes 50:1901-1910
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , pp. 1901-1910
    • Tremblay, F.1    Lavigne, C.2    Jacques, H.3    Marette, A.4
  • 91
    • 0036142957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced expression of the murine p85alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase improves insulin signaling and ameliorates diabetes
    • Mauvais-Jarvis F, Ueki K, Fruman DA et al. (2002) Reduced expression of the murine p85alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase improves insulin signaling and ameliorates diabetes. J Clin Invest 109:141-149
    • (2002) J Clin Invest , vol.109 , pp. 141-149
    • Mauvais-Jarvis, F.1    Ueki, K.2    Fruman, D.A.3
  • 92
    • 0032909703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased insulin sensitivity and hypoglycaemia in mice lacking the p85 alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase
    • Terauchi Y, Tsuji Y, Satoh S et al. (1999) Increased insulin sensitivity and hypoglycaemia in mice lacking the p85 alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Nat Genet 21:230-235
    • (1999) Nat Genet , vol.21 , pp. 230-235
    • Terauchi, Y.1    Tsuji, Y.2    Satoh, S.3
  • 93
    • 0035316142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance with low cellular IRS-1 expression is also associated with low GLUT4 expression and impaired insulin-stimulated glucose transport
    • Carvalho E, Jansson PA, Nagaev I, Wenthzel AM, Smith U (2001) Insulin resistance with low cellular IRS-1 expression is also associated with low GLUT4 expression and impaired insulin-stimulated glucose transport. FASEB J 15:1101-1103
    • (2001) FASEB J , vol.15 , pp. 1101-1103
    • Carvalho, E.1    Jansson, P.A.2    Nagaev, I.3    Wenthzel, A.M.4    Smith, U.5
  • 94
    • 0030895232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal glucose transport and GLUT1 cell-surface content in fibroblasts and skeletal muscle from NIDDM and obese subjects
    • Miele C, Formisano P, Condorelli G et al. (1997) Abnormal glucose transport and GLUT1 cell-surface content in fibroblasts and skeletal muscle from NIDDM and obese subjects. Diabetologia 40:421-429
    • (1997) Diabetologia , vol.40 , pp. 421-429
    • Miele, C.1    Formisano, P.2    Condorelli, G.3
  • 95
    • 0036149984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of insulin-induced degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1
    • Zhande R, Mitchell JJ, Wu J, Sun XJ (2002) Molecular mechanism of insulin-induced degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1. Mol Cell Biol 22:1016-1026
    • (2002) Mol Cell Biol , vol.22 , pp. 1016-1026
    • Zhande, R.1    Mitchell, J.J.2    Wu, J.3    Sun, X.J.4
  • 96
    • 0035955629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling by proteasome-mediated degradation of insulin receptor substrate-2
    • Rui L, Fisher TL, Thomas J, White MF (2001) Regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling by proteasome-mediated degradation of insulin receptor substrate-2. J Biol Chem 276:40362-40367
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 40362-40367
    • Rui, L.1    Fisher, T.L.2    Thomas, J.3    White, M.F.4
  • 97
    • 0037269480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High glucose and insulin in combination cause insulin receptor substrate-1 and -2 depletion and protein kinase B desensitisation in primary cultured rat adipocytes: Possible implications for insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
    • Buren J, Liu HX, Lauritz J, Eriksson JW (2003) High glucose and insulin in combination cause insulin receptor substrate-1 and -2 depletion and protein kinase B desensitisation in primary cultured rat adipocytes: possible implications for insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol 148:157-167
    • (2003) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.148 , pp. 157-167
    • Buren, J.1    Liu, H.X.2    Lauritz, J.3    Eriksson, J.W.4
  • 98
    • 0038521284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated reduction of insulin receptor substrate-1/2 protein expression via different mechanisms contributes to the insulin-induced desensitization of its signaling pathways in L6 muscle cells
    • Pirola L, Bonnafous S, Johnston AM, Chaussade C, Portis F, Van Obberghen E (2003) Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated reduction of insulin receptor substrate-1/2 protein expression via different mechanisms contributes to the insulin-induced desensitization of its signaling pathways in L6 muscle cells. J Biol Chem 278:15641-15651
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 15641-15651
    • Pirola, L.1    Bonnafous, S.2    Johnston, A.M.3    Chaussade, C.4    Portis, F.5    Van Obberghen, E.6
  • 99
    • 0033214461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) by protein kinase B positively regulates IRS-1 function
    • Paz K, Liu YF, Shorer H et al. (1999) Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) by protein kinase B positively regulates IRS-1 function. J Biol Chem 274:28816-28822
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 28816-28822
    • Paz, K.1    Liu, Y.F.2    Shorer, H.3
  • 100
    • 0038100199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel T608R missense mutation in insulin receptor substrate-1 identified in a subject with type 2 diabetes impairs metabolic insulin signaling
    • Esposito DL, Li Y, Vanni C et al. (2003) A novel T608R missense mutation in insulin receptor substrate-1 identified in a subject with type 2 diabetes impairs metabolic insulin signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:1468-1475
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 1468-1475
    • Esposito, D.L.1    Li, Y.2    Vanni, C.3
  • 101
    • 0032567937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of IRS-2 causes type 2 diabetes in mice
    • Withers DJ, Gutierrez JS, Towery H et al. (1998) Disruption of IRS-2 causes type 2 diabetes in mice. Nature 391:900-904
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 900-904
    • Withers, D.J.1    Gutierrez, J.S.2    Towery, H.3
  • 102
    • 0028079621 scopus 로고
    • Role of human skeletal muscle insulin receptor kinase in the in vivo insulin resistance of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity
    • Nolan JJ, Freidenberg G, Henry R, Reichart D, Olefsky JM (1994) Role of human skeletal muscle insulin receptor kinase in the in vivo insulin resistance of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78:471-477
    • (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.78 , pp. 471-477
    • Nolan, J.J.1    Freidenberg, G.2    Henry, R.3    Reichart, D.4    Olefsky, J.M.5
  • 103
    • 0025832095 scopus 로고
    • Impaired autophosphorylation of insulin receptors from abdominal skeletal muscles in nonobese subjects with NIDDM
    • Maegawa H, Shigeta Y, Egawa K, Kobayashi M (1991) Impaired autophosphorylation of insulin receptors from abdominal skeletal muscles in nonobese subjects with NIDDM. Diabetes 40:815-819
    • (1991) Diabetes , vol.40 , pp. 815-819
    • Maegawa, H.1    Shigeta, Y.2    Egawa, K.3    Kobayashi, M.4
  • 104
    • 0343314906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of signal transduction and glucose transport in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients
    • Krook A, Bjornholm M, Galuska D et al. (2000) Characterization of signal transduction and glucose transport in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 49:284-292
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 284-292
    • Krook, A.1    Bjornholm, M.2    Galuska, D.3
  • 105
    • 0023222361 scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptor kinase in human skeletal muscle from obese subjects with and without noninsulin dependent diabetes
    • Caro JF, Sinha MK, Raju SM et al. (1987) Insulin receptor kinase in human skeletal muscle from obese subjects with and without noninsulin dependent diabetes. J Clin Invest 79:1330-1337
    • (1987) J Clin Invest , vol.79 , pp. 1330-1337
    • Caro, J.F.1    Sinha, M.K.2    Raju, S.M.3
  • 106
    • 0028881784 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of serum insulin concentration during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies leads to similar activation of insulin receptor kinase in skeletal muscle of subjects with and without NIDDM
    • Klein HH, Vestergaard H, Kotzke G, Pedersen O (1995) Elevation of serum insulin concentration during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies leads to similar activation of insulin receptor kinase in skeletal muscle of subjects with and without NIDDM. Diabetes 44:1310-1317
    • (1995) Diabetes , vol.44 , pp. 1310-1317
    • Klein, H.H.1    Vestergaard, H.2    Kotzke, G.3    Pedersen, O.4
  • 107
    • 0027280156 scopus 로고
    • Insulin stimulates the degradation of IRS-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • Rice KM, Turnbow MA, Garner CW (1993) Insulin stimulates the degradation of IRS-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 190:961-967
    • (1993) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.190 , pp. 961-967
    • Rice, K.M.1    Turnbow, M.A.2    Garner, C.W.3
  • 108
    • 0032779156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low cellular IRS 1 gene and protein expression predict insulin resistance and NIDDM
    • Carvalho E, Jansson PA, Axelsen M et al. (1999) Low cellular IRS 1 gene and protein expression predict insulin resistance and NIDDM. FASEB J 13:2173-2178
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13 , pp. 2173-2178
    • Carvalho, E.1    Jansson, P.A.2    Axelsen, M.3
  • 109
    • 0030890580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 is reduced and IRS-2 is the main docking protein for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in adipocytes from subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Rondinone CM, Wang LM, Lonnroth P, Wesslau C, Pierce JH, Smith U (1997) Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 is reduced and IRS-2 is the main docking protein for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in adipocytes from subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:4171-4175
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 4171-4175
    • Rondinone, C.M.1    Wang, L.M.2    Lonnroth, P.3    Wesslau, C.4    Pierce, J.H.5    Smith, U.6
  • 110
    • 0033786596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased Akt kinase activity and insulin resistance in C57BL/KsJ-Leprdb/db mice
    • Shao J, Yamashita H, Qiao L, Friedman JE (2000) Decreased Akt kinase activity and insulin resistance in C57BL/KsJ-Leprdb/db mice. J Endocrinol 167:107-115
    • (2000) J Endocrinol , vol.167 , pp. 107-115
    • Shao, J.1    Yamashita, H.2    Qiao, L.3    Friedman, J.E.4
  • 111
    • 0033539950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia impairs the insulin signaling step between PI 3-kinase and Akt/PKB activations in ZDF rat liver
    • Nawano M, Ueta K, Oku A et al. (1999) Hyperglycemia impairs the insulin signaling step between PI 3-kinase and Akt/PKB activations in ZDF rat liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 266:252-256
    • (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.266 , pp. 252-256
    • Nawano, M.1    Ueta, K.2    Oku, A.3
  • 112
    • 0035012128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia on insulin-induced Akt/protein kinase B activation in skeletal muscle
    • Oku A, Nawano M, Ueta K et al. (2001) Inhibitory effect of hyperglycemia on insulin-induced Akt/protein kinase B activation in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280:E816-E824
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.280
    • Oku, A.1    Nawano, M.2    Ueta, K.3
  • 113
    • 0037184925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit insulin activation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in muscle
    • Yu C, Chen Y, Cline GW et al. (2002) Mechanism by which fatty acids inhibit insulin activation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in muscle. J Biol Chem 277:50230-50236
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 50230-50236
    • Yu, C.1    Chen, Y.2    Cline, G.W.3
  • 114
    • 0037031893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid infusion selectively impairs insulin action on Akt1 and protein kinase C lambda/zeta but not on glycogen synthase kinase-3
    • Kim YB, Shulman GI, Kahn BB (2002) Fatty acid infusion selectively impairs insulin action on Akt1 and protein kinase C lambda/zeta but not on glycogen synthase kinase-3. J Biol Chem 277:32915-32922
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 32915-32922
    • Kim, Y.B.1    Shulman, G.I.2    Kahn, B.B.3
  • 115
    • 0032954778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of free fatty acids on glucose transport and IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity
    • Dresner A, Laurent D, Marcucci M et al. (1999) Effects of free fatty acids on glucose transport and IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. J Clin Invest 103:253-259
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.103 , pp. 253-259
    • Dresner, A.1    Laurent, D.2    Marcucci, M.3
  • 116
  • 117
    • 0037668996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid and phorbol ester-mediated interference of mitogenic signaling via novel protein kinase C isoforms in pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1)
    • Wrede CE, Dickson LM, Lingohr MK, Briaud I, Rhodes CJ (2003) Fatty acid and phorbol ester-mediated interference of mitogenic signaling via novel protein kinase C isoforms in pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1). J Mol Endocrinol 30:271-286
    • (2003) J Mol Endocrinol , vol.30 , pp. 271-286
    • Wrede, C.E.1    Dickson, L.M.2    Lingohr, M.K.3    Briaud, I.4    Rhodes, C.J.5
  • 118
    • 0037203520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary fat, the Mediterranean diet, and health: Reports from scientific exchanges, 1998 and 2000. Introduction
    • Sacks FM (2002) Dietary fat, the Mediterranean diet, and health: reports from scientific exchanges, 1998 and 2000. Introduction. Am J Med 113:1S-4S.
    • (2002) Am J Med , vol.113
    • Sacks, F.M.1
  • 120
    • 0036727396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory status and insulin resistance
    • Grimble RF (2002) Inflammatory status and insulin resistance. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 5:551-559
    • (2002) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.5 , pp. 551-559
    • Grimble, R.F.1
  • 121
    • 0345700727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: Results of the prospective population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study
    • Spranger J, Kroke A, Mohlig M et al. (2003) Inflammatory cytokines and the risk to develop type 2 diabetes: results of the prospective population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study. Diabetes 52:812-817
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 812-817
    • Spranger, J.1    Kroke, A.2    Mohlig, M.3
  • 122
    • 0028587742 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha: A key component of the obesity-diabetes link
    • Hotamisligil GS, Spiegelman BM (1994) Tumor necrosis factor alpha: a key component of the obesity-diabetes link. Diabetes 43:1271-1278
    • (1994) Diabetes , vol.43 , pp. 1271-1278
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Spiegelman, B.M.2
  • 123
    • 0037088604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transactivation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and anisomycin leads to impaired insulin signaling through serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS proteins
    • Hemi R, Paz K, Wertheim N, Karasik A, Zick Y, Kanety H (2002) Transactivation of ErbB2 and ErbB3 by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and anisomycin leads to impaired insulin signaling through serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS proteins. J Biol Chem 277:8961-8969
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 8961-8969
    • Hemi, R.1    Paz, K.2    Wertheim, N.3    Karasik, A.4    Zick, Y.5    Kanety, H.6
  • 124
    • 0036894360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 induces cellular insulin resistance in hepatocytes
    • Senn JJ, Klover PJ, Nowak IA, Mooney RA (2002) Interleukin-6 induces cellular insulin resistance in hepatocytes. Diabetes 51:3391-3399
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 3391-3399
    • Senn, J.J.1    Klover, P.J.2    Nowak, I.A.3    Mooney, R.A.4
  • 125
    • 0037853260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), a potential mediator of interleukin-6-dependent insulin resistance in hepatocytes
    • Senn JJ, Klover PJ, Nowak IA et al. (2003) Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), a potential mediator of interleukin-6-dependent insulin resistance in hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 278:13740-13746
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 13740-13746
    • Senn, J.J.1    Klover, P.J.2    Nowak, I.A.3
  • 126
    • 0042393597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High glucose-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in monocytic cells
    • Shanmugam N, Reddy MA, Guha M, Natarajan R (2003) High glucose-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in monocytic cells. Diabetes 52:1256-1264
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , pp. 1256-1264
    • Shanmugam, N.1    Reddy, M.A.2    Guha, M.3    Natarajan, R.4
  • 127
    • 0036224269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low production capacity of interleukin-10 associates with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: The Leiden 85-Plus Study
    • Exel E van, Gussekloo J, Craen AJ de et al. (2002) Low production capacity of interleukin-10 associates with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: the Leiden 85-Plus Study. Diabetes 51:1088-1092
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 1088-1092
    • Van Exel, E.1    Gussekloo, J.2    De Craen, A.J.3
  • 128
  • 130
    • 0037955886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of increased concentrations of circulating glycated insulin in human Type 2 diabetes using a novel and specific radioimmunoassay
    • Lindsay JR, McKillop AM, Mooney MH, O'Harte FP, Bell PM, Flatt PR (2003) Demonstration of increased concentrations of circulating glycated insulin in human Type 2 diabetes using a novel and specific radioimmunoassay. Diabetologia 46:475-478
    • (2003) Diabetologia , vol.46 , pp. 475-478
    • Lindsay, J.R.1    McKillop, A.M.2    Mooney, M.H.3    O'Harte, F.P.4    Bell, P.M.5    Flatt, P.R.6
  • 132
    • 0037301050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pigment epithelium-derived factor prevents advanced glycation end products-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in microvascular endothelial cells by suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation
    • Inagaki Y, Yamagishi S, Okamoto T, Takeuchi M, Amano S (2003) Pigment epithelium-derived factor prevents advanced glycation end products-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in microvascular endothelial cells by suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. Diabetologia 46:284-287
    • (2003) Diabetologia , vol.46 , pp. 284-287
    • Inagaki, Y.1    Yamagishi, S.2    Okamoto, T.3    Takeuchi, M.4    Amano, S.5
  • 133
    • 0035941358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by advanced glycation end products
    • Treins C, Giorgetti-Peraldi S, Murdaca J, Van Obberghen E (2001) Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by advanced glycation end products. J Biol Chem 276:43836-43841
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 43836-43841
    • Treins, C.1    Giorgetti-Peraldi, S.2    Murdaca, J.3    Van Obberghen, E.4
  • 135
    • 0346850870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human glycated albumin affects glucose metabolism in L6 skeletal muscle cells by impairing insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate (IRS) signaling through a protein kinase C{alpha}-mediated mechanism
    • Miele C, Riboulet A, Maitan MA et al. (2003) Human glycated albumin affects glucose metabolism in L6 skeletal muscle cells by impairing insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate (IRS) signaling through a protein kinase C{alpha}-mediated mechanism. J Biol Chem 278:47376-47387
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 47376-47387
    • Miele, C.1    Riboulet, A.2    Maitan, M.A.3
  • 136
    • 0034455277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspective: Hexosamines and nutrient sensing
    • Rossetti L (2000) Perspective: hexosamines and nutrient sensing. Endocrinology 141:1922-1925
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 1922-1925
    • Rossetti, L.1
  • 137
    • 0025855139 scopus 로고
    • Discovery of a metabolic pathway mediating glucose-induced desensitization of the glucose transport system. Role of hexosamine biosynthesis in the induction of insulin resistance
    • Marshall S, Bacote V, Traxinger RR (1991) Discovery of a metabolic pathway mediating glucose-induced desensitization of the glucose transport system. Role of hexosamine biosynthesis in the induction of insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 266:4706-4712
    • (1991) J Biol Chem , vol.266 , pp. 4706-4712
    • Marshall, S.1    Bacote, V.2    Traxinger, R.R.3
  • 138
    • 0033304583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucosamine regulation of glucose metabolism in cultured human skeletal muscle cells: Divergent effects on glucose transport/phosphorylation and glycogen synthase in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects
    • Ciaraldi TP, Carter L, Nikoulina S, Mudaliar S, McClain DA, Henry RR (1999) Glucosamine regulation of glucose metabolism in cultured human skeletal muscle cells: divergent effects on glucose transport/phosphorylation and glycogen synthase in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects. Endocrinology 140:3971-3980
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 3971-3980
    • Ciaraldi, T.P.1    Carter, L.2    Nikoulina, S.3    Mudaliar, S.4    McClain, D.A.5    Henry, R.R.6
  • 139
    • 0031434015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) and glucosamine treatment on translocation of GLUT4 in rat adipose cells
    • Chen H, Ing BL, Robinson KA, Feagin AC, Buse MG, Quon MJ (1997) Effects of overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) and glucosamine treatment on translocation of GLUT4 in rat adipose cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 135:67-77
    • (1997) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.135 , pp. 67-77
    • Chen, H.1    Ing, B.L.2    Robinson, K.A.3    Feagin, A.C.4    Buse, M.G.5    Quon, M.J.6
  • 140
    • 0037117511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation by O-GlcNAc results in insulin resistance associated with defects in Akt activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • Vosseller K, Wells L, Lane MD, Hart GW (2002) Elevated nucleocytoplasmic glycosylation by O-GlcNAc results in insulin resistance associated with defects in Akt activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:5313-5318
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 5313-5318
    • Vosseller, K.1    Wells, L.2    Lane, M.D.3    Hart, G.W.4
  • 141
    • 0037448450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucosamine-induced insulin resistance is coupled to O-linked glycosylation of Munc18c
    • Chen G, Liu P, Thurmond DC, Elmendorf JS (2003) Glucosamine-induced insulin resistance is coupled to O-linked glycosylation of Munc18c. FEBS Lett 534:54-60
    • (2003) FEBS Lett , vol.534 , pp. 54-60
    • Chen, G.1    Liu, P.2    Thurmond, D.C.3    Elmendorf, J.S.4
  • 142
    • 0013463358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance of glycogen synthase mediated by o-linked N-acetylglucosamine
    • Parker GJ, Lund KC, Taylor RP, McClain DA (2003) Insulin resistance of glycogen synthase mediated by o-linked N-acetylglucosamine. J Biol Chem 278:10022-10027
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 10022-10027
    • Parker, G.J.1    Lund, K.C.2    Taylor, R.P.3    McClain, D.A.4
  • 143
    • 0033664020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in the liver of transgenic mice results in enhanced glycogen storage, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance
    • Veerababu G, Tang J, Hoffman RT et al. (2000) Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase in the liver of transgenic mice results in enhanced glycogen storage, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes 49:2070-2078
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 2070-2078
    • Veerababu, G.1    Tang, J.2    Hoffman, R.T.3
  • 144
    • 0032915738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of hexosamine-induced insulin resistance in transgenic mice overexpressing glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase: Decreased glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation and reversal by treatment with thiazolidinedione
    • Cooksey RC, Hebert LF Jr, Zhu JH, Wofford P, Garvey WT, McClain DA (1999) Mechanism of hexosamine-induced insulin resistance in transgenic mice overexpressing glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase: decreased glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation and reversal by treatment with thiazolidinedione. Endocrinology 140:1151-1157
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 1151-1157
    • Cooksey, R.C.1    Hebert Jr., L.F.2    Zhu, J.H.3    Wofford, P.4    Garvey, W.T.5    McClain, D.A.6
  • 146
    • 0034037064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucosamine infusion on insulin secretion and insulin action in humans
    • Monauni T, Zenti MG, Cretti A et al. (2000) Effects of glucosamine infusion on insulin secretion and insulin action in humans. Diabetes 49:926-935
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 926-935
    • Monauni, T.1    Zenti, M.G.2    Cretti, A.3
  • 147
    • 0035903192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the hexosamine pathway leads to deterioration of pancreatic beta-cell function through the induction of oxidative stress
    • Kaneto H, Xu G, Song KH et al. (2001) Activation of the hexosamine pathway leads to deterioration of pancreatic beta-cell function through the induction of oxidative stress. J Biol Chem 276:31099-31104
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 31099-31104
    • Kaneto, H.1    Xu, G.2    Song, K.H.3
  • 148
    • 0037647194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B: A novel target for type 2 diabetes and obesity
    • Ramachandran C, Kennedy BP (2003) Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B: a novel target for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Curr Top Med Chem 3:749-757
    • (2003) Curr Top Med Chem , vol.3 , pp. 749-757
    • Ramachandran, C.1    Kennedy, B.P.2
  • 149
    • 0037376001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein tyrosine phosphatases: The quest for negative regulators of insulin action
    • Asante-Appiah E, Kennedy BP (2003) Protein tyrosine phosphatases: the quest for negative regulators of insulin action. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 284:E663-E670
    • (2003) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.284
    • Asante-Appiah, E.1    Kennedy, B.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.