Nanostructures of Metal Oxides

Comprehensive Semiconductor Science and Technology

Volumn 1-6, Issue , 2011, Pages 396-479

  Tiginyanu, I M ^a   Lupan, O ^b   Ursaki, V V ^a   Chow, L ^b   Enachi, M ^c  

^a INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY   (Moldova)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA   (United States)

^c TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MOLDOVA   (Moldova)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84969573980     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-44-453153-7.00105-X     Document Type: Chapter

References (568)

1. Adachi M., Murata Y., Harada M., Yoshikawa S. Formation of titania nanotubes with high photo-catalytic activity. Chemistry Letters 2000, 29(8):942-944.
2. Adachi M., Murata Y., Okada I., Yoshikawa S. Formation of titania nanotubes and applications for dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of Electrochemical Society 2003, 150(8):G488-G493.
3. Ahn M.W., Park K.S., Heo J.H., et al. Gas sensing properties of defect-controlled ZnO-nanowire gas sensor. Applied Physics Letters 2008, 93:263103.
4. Ahsanulhaq Q., Umar A., Hahn Y.B. Growth of aligned ZnO nanorods and nanopencils on ZnO/Si in aqueous solution: Growth mechanism and structural and optical properties. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:115603-115610.
5. Ain M., Meneile A., Wanklyn B.M., Bertaut E.F. Magnetic structure of CuO by neutron diffraction with polarization analysis. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1992, 4:5327-5338.
6. 2 nanotube catalyst. Surface and Interface Analysis 2005, 37:265-269.
7. 2 nanotube membrane for flow-through photocatalytic applications. Nano Letters 2007, 7(5):1286-1289.
8. 2 nanotubes with hexagonal self-ordering. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) 2007, 1(2):R65-R67.
9. Al-Hajry A., Umar A., Hahn Y.B., Kim D.H. Growth, properties and dye-sensitized solar cells - applications of ZnO nanorods grown by low-temperature solution process. Superlattices and Microstructures 2009, 45(6):529-534.
10. 2 nanotube arrays. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2008, 92(11):1468-1475.
11. Amtout A., Leonelli R. Optical properties of rutile near its fundamental bang gap. Physical Review B 1995, 51:6842-6851.
12. Asahi R., Morikawa T., Ohwaki T., Aoki K., Taga Y. Visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped titanium oxides. Science 2001, 293(5528):269-271.
13. Asbrink S., Norrby L.J. A refinement of the crystal structure of copper(II) oxide with a discussion of some exceptional e.s.d.'s. Acta Crystallographica Section B 1970, 26:8-15.
14. Asif M.H., Nur O., Willander M., Danielsson B. Selective calcium ion detection with functionalized ZnO nanorods-extended gate MOSFET. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2009, 24(11):3379-3382.
15. Asoh H., Nishio K., Nakao M., Tamamura T., Masuda H. Conditions for fabrication of ideally ordered anodic porous alumina using pretextured Al. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2001, 148(4):B152-B156.
16. Bao J., Zimmler M.A., Capasso F., Wang X., Ren Z.F. Broadband ZnO single-nanowire light-emitting diode. Nano Letters 2006, 6:1719-1722.
17. 2 for direct electrochemistry and glucose sensor applications. Advanced Functional Material 2008, 18:591-599.
18. Baruah S., Dutta J. Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanostructures. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 2009, 10(1):013001.
19. 2(110). Surface Science 2003, 529:295-311.
20. 4/HF electrolytes. Electrochemistry Communications 2006, 8(8):1321-1325.
21. 2 nanostructured materials: Synthesis, properties, and applications. Advanced Materials 2006, 18(21):2807-2824.
22. Belaidi A., Dittrich Th., Kieven D., et al. ZnO-nanorod arrays for solar cells with extremely thin sulfidic absorber. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009, 93(6-7):1033-1036.
23. Belghiti H.E., Pauporté T., Lincot D. Mechanistic study of ZnO nanorod array electrodeposition. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2008, 205(10):2360-2364.
24. 2 nanoribbon growth. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 83(4):635-637.
25. Benvenuto P., Kafi A.K.M., Aicheng C. High performance glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of glucose oxides onto modified titania nanotube arrays. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2009, 627(1-2):76-81.
26. 2 nanotubes. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 87:243114.
27. 4/HF electrolytes. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 2003, 6:B12-B14.
28. Bie L.J., Yan X.N., Yin J., Duanand Y.Q., Yuan Z.H. Nanopillar ZnO gas sensor for hydrogen and ethanol. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2007, 126(2):604-608.
29. Bjursten L.M., Rasmusson L., Oh S., Smith G.C., Brammer K.S., Jin S. Titanium dioxide nanotubes enhance bone bonding in vivo. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2009, 10.1002/jbm.a.32463.
30. Boyle D.S., Govender K., O'Brien P. Novel low temperature solution deposition of perpendicularly orientated rods of ZnO: Substrate effects and evidence of the importance of counter-ions in the control of crystallite growth. Chemical Communications 2002, 7(1):80-81.
31. 2 nanotube surfaces. Nano Letters 2008, 8(3):786-793.
32. Brown P.J., Chattopadhyay T., Forsyth J.B., Nunez V. Antiferromagnetism in CuO studied by neutron polarimetry. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1991, 3:4281-4287.
33. Bulu I., Cagalayan H., Ozbay E. Negative refraction and focusing of electromagnetic waves by metallodielectric photonic crystals. Physica Review B 2005, 72:45124.
34. Bundesmann C., Ashkenov N., Schubert M., et al. Raman scattering in ZnO thin films doped with Fe, Sb, Al, Ga, and Li. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 83:1974-1976.
35. Burlacu A., Ursaki V.V., Skuratov V.A., et al. The impact of morphology upon the radiation hardness of ZnO layers. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:215714-215722.
36. Cai Q.Y., Paulose M., Varghese O.K., Grimes C.A. The effect of electrolyte composition on the fabrication of self-organized titanium oxide nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation. Journal of Material Research 2005, 20:230-236.
37. 2 nanowires. Journal of Crystal Growth 2005, 275(1-2):e2083-e2087.
38. 2 nanobelts and nanowires. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2005, 25(5-8):625-630.
39. Calleja J.M., Cardona M. Resonant Raman scattering in ZnO. Physical Review B 1977, 16:3753-3761.
40. Cao H. Lasing in disordered media. Progress in Optics 2003, vol. 45:317. North-Holland, Amsterdam. E. Wolf (Ed.).
41. 2O, and CuO nanotubes and nanorods. Chemical Communications 2003, 15:1884-1885.
42. Centi G., Perathoner S. The role of nanostructure in improving the performance of electrodes for energy storage and conversion. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2009, 26:3851-3878.
43. 3 nanorod-thin film by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films 2009, 517(5):1853-1856.
44. Chai G., Lupan O., Chow L. Focused ion beam fabrication of carbon nanotube and ZnO nanodevices. Nanofabrication Using Focused Ion and Electron Beams: Principles and Applications, Nanofabrication with FEB and FIB 2010, Oxford University Press. P. Russell, I. Utke, S. Moshkalev (Eds.).
45. Chai G., Rusu E., Chow L., et al. Microsensor on single ZnO microwire. The 2009 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS 2009) 2009.
46. Chai G.Y., Lupan O., Chow L., Heinrich H. Crossed zinc oxide nanorods for ultraviolet radiation detection. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 2009, 150:184-187.
47. Chang Y., Zeng H.C. Controlled synthesis and self-assembly of single-crystalline CuO nanorods and nanoribbons. Crystal Growth and Design B 2004, 4(2):397-402.
48. Chao C., Chen C.Y., Lang Z.H. Simple solution-phase synthesis of soluble CdS and CdSe nanorods. Chemistry of Materials 2000, 12(6):1516-1518.
49. Chen C.W., Chen K.H.C., Shen H., et al. Anomalous blueshift in emission spectra of ZnO nanorods with sizes beyond quantum confinement regime. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 88:241905.
50. Chen D., Gao L. Facile synthesis of single-crystal tin oxide nanorods with tunable dimensions via hydrothermal process. Chemical Physics Letters 2004, 398(1-3):201-206.
51. Chen J., Li C., Song J.L., Sun X.W., Lei W., Deng W.Q. Bilayer ZnO nanostructure fabricated by chemical bath and its application in quantum dot sensitized solar cell. Applied Surface Science 2009, 255(17):7508-7511.
52. 2 nanoparticles with desired form sphericity using process characterization and optimization. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2008, 8(2):518-526.
53. 2 nanotube arrays made by anodic oxidation and ultrasonic splitting. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:365708-365713.
54. Chen Q., Zhou W., Du G.H., Peng L.M. Trititanate nanotubes made via a single alkali treatment. Advanced Materials 2002, 14:1208-1211.
55. Chen S.J., Liu Y.C., Lu Y.M., Zang J.Y., Shen D.Z., Fan X.W. Photoluminescence and Raman behaviors of ZnO nanostructures with different morphologies. Journal of Crystal Growth 2006, 289(1):55-58.
56. 2 nanotube arrays by titanium anodization. Thin Solid Films 2007, 515(24):8511-8514.
57. Chen X.B., Lou Y.B., Samia A.C.S., Burda C., Gole J.L. Formation of oxynitride as the photocatalytic enhancing site in nitrogen-doped titania nanocatalysts: Comparison to a commercial nanopowder. Advanced Functional Materials 2005, 15(1):41-49.
58. 2 nanowires by lower-temperature evaporation. Chemical Physics Letters 2003, 369(1-2):16-20.
59. 2 nanorods. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 87:233503.
60. Chen Y.J., Zhu C.L., Xiao G. Ethanol sensing characteristics of ambient temperature sonochemically synthesized ZnO nanotubes. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2008, 129:639-642.
61. Chen Z., Tang Y., Zhang L., Luo L. Electrodeposited nanoporous ZnO films exhibiting enhanced performance in dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochimica Acta 2006, 51(26):5870-5875.
62. Chen Z.H., Tang Y.B., Liu C.P., et al. Vertically aligned ZnO nanorod arrays sentisized with gold nanoparticles for schottky barrier photovoltaic cells. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2009, 113:13433-13437.
63. 2 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition. Physical Review B 2004, 70:165314-165320.
64. Cheng C.L., Lin J.S., Chen Y.F. A simple approach for the growth of highly ordered ZnO nanotube arrays. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009, 476(1-2):903-907.
65. 3 nanorods. Materials Letters 2006, 60(25-26):3137-3140.
66. Chien F.S., Wang C.R., Chan Y.L., Lin H.L., Chen M.H., Wu R.J. Fast-response ozone sensor with ZnO nanorods grown by chemical vapor deposition. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2010, 144(1):120-125.
67. 2: Correlation between photoreactivity and charge carrier recombination dynamics. Journal of Physical Chemistry 1994, 98:13669-13679.
68. 2 photocatalysts by oxidative annealing of TiC. Journal of Material Science Letters 2003, 22(17):1209-1211.
69. Chou C.Y., Huang J.S., Wu C.H., Lee C.Y., Lin C.F. Lengthening the polymer solidification time to improve the performance of polymer/ZnO nanorod hybrid solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009, 93(9):1608-1612.
70. 2 and TiN/Si interfaces. Thin Solid Films 1995, 266(2):298-301.
71. Chow L., Lupan O., Chai G. FIB fabrication of ZnO nano-tetrapod and cross sensor. E-MRS 2009 Fall Meeting 2009, 14-18. Warsaw University of Technology, Poland, September.
72. Chow L., Lupan O., Heinrich H., Chai G. Self-assembly of densely packed and aligned bilayer ZnO nanorod arrays. Applied Physics Letters 2009, 94:163105.
73. Chu S.Y., Yan T.M., Chen S.L. Characteristics of sol-gel synthesis of ZnO-based powders. Journal of Materials Science Letters 2000, 19(4):349-352.
74. 2 composite nanostructures on glass with enhanced photocatalysis fabricated by anodization and sol-gel process. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2003, 107:6586-6589.
75. Comini E. Metal oxide nano-crystals for gas sensing. Analytica Chimica Acta 2006, 568(1-2):28-40.
76. Comini E., Faglia G., Sberveglieri G., Calestani D., Zanotti L., Zha M. Tin oxide nanobelts electrical and sensing properties. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2005, 111-112:2-6.
77. Conley J.F., Stecker L., Ono Y. Directed integration of ZnO nanobridge devices on a Si substrate. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 87:223114.
78. 2 (110)-1×1 surface. Physical Review B 1988, 38(3):2072-2083.
79. Crossland E.J.W., Nedelcu M., Ducati C., et al. Block copolymer morphologies in dye-sensitized solar cells: Probing the photovoltaic structure-function relation. Nano Letters 2009, 9(8):2813-2819.
80. 2 electrode with high oxygen evolution potential and long service time. Material Chemistry and Physics 2009, 113(1):314-321.
81. Cui Y., Wei Q., Park H.K., Lieber C.M. Nanowire nanosensors for highly sensitive and selective detection of biological and chemical species. Science 2001, 293(5533):1289-1292.
82. Czekalla C., Sturm C., Schmidt-Grund R., Cao B., Lorenz M., Grundmann M. Whispering gallery mode lasing in zinc oxide microwires. Applied Physics Letters 2008, 92:241102.
83. Dai Y., Zhang Y., Li Q.K., Nan C.W. Synthesis and optical properties of tetrapod-like zinc oxide nanorods. Chemical Physics Letters 2002, 358(1-2):83-86.
84. Dai Z.R., Gole J.L., Stout J.D., Wang Z.L. Tin oxide nanowires, nanoribbons, and nanotubes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2002, 106:1274-1279.
85. Dai Z.R., Pan Z.W., Wang Z.L. Ultra-long single crystalline nanoribbons of tin oxide. Solid State Communications 2001, 118(7):351-354.
86. Dai Z.R., Pan Z.W., Wang Z.L. Novel nanostructures of functional oxides synthesized by thermal evaporation. Advanced Functional Materials 2003, 13(1):9-24.
87. Damen T.C., Porto S.P.S., Tell B. Raman effect in zinc oxide. Physical Review 1966, 142:570-574.
88. 2 nanotubes on Ti: Influence of nanoscale morphology on bone cell-materials interaction. Journal of Biomedical Material Research A 2009, 90(1):225-237.
89. 2 nanotubes and nanoparticles. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2008, 41:245103-245109.
90. 2 particles. Journal of Applied Physics 2001, 9:1550.
91. 2 nanotubes. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:305103.
92. 2 with 1D nanostructure prepared by the nano-confinement effect. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:365607.
93. Elias J., Tena-Zaera R., Lévy-Clément C. Electrodeposition of ZnO nanowires with controlled dimensions for photovoltaic applications: Role of buffer layer. Thin Solid Films 2007, 515(24):8553-8557.
94. Elias J., Tena-Zaera R., Lévy-Clément C. Electrochemical deposition of ZnO nanowire arrays with tailored dimensions. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2008, 621:171-177.
95. Fabregat-Santiago F., García-Cañadas J., Palomares E., et al. The origin of slow electron recombination processes in dye-sensitized solar cells with alumina barrier coatings. Journal of Applied Physics 2004, 96:6903.
96. Fan W., Song S., Feng J., Lei Y., Zheng G., Zhang H. Facile synthesis and optical property of porous tin oxide and europium-doped tin oxide nanorods through thermal decomposition of the organotin. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112(50):19939-19944.
97. Fan Z., Chang P., Lu J.G., et al. Photoluminescence and polarized photodetection of single ZnO nanowires. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85(25):6128-6130.
98. Fan Z., Lu J.G. Gate-refreshable nanowire chemical sensors. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 86:123510.
99. Fan Z., Wang D., Chang P.C., Tseng W.Y., Lu J.G. ZnO nanowire field-effect transistor and oxygen sensing property. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85:5923.
100. Fang F., Futter J., Markwitz A., Kennedy J. UV and humidity sensing properties of ZnO nanorods prepared by the arc discharge method. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:245502.
101. 3 nanowires by ultraviolet illumination. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 89:112114:1-112114:3.
102. 3 nanowires as solar-blind photodetectors. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 88:153107:1-153107:3.
103. 2 powders. Materials Letters 2001, 47(4-5):262-266.
104. 2 solar cells: Transport, recombination and photovoltaic properties. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 2004, 248(13-14):1165-1179.
105. 2 nanowire in air. Applied Physics Letters 2007, 91:073104:1-073104:3.
106. Fujishima A., Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 1972, 238:37-38.
107. Gan X., Li X., Gao X., Yu W. Investigation on chemical etching process of ZnO nanorods toward nanotubes. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009, 481(1-2):397-401.
108. Gao P., Wang Z.L. Self-assembled nanowire-nanoribbon junction arrays of ZnO. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2002, 106:12653-12658.
109. Gao P.X., Wang Z.L. Nanoarchitectures of semiconducting and piezoelectric zinc oxide. Journal of Applied Physics 2005, 97:044304.
110. 3 nanobelts. Journal of Crystal Growth 2003, 259:291.
111. 2(110). Surface Science 1994, 306(3):279-293.
112. 2 electrodes by a CdS deposit. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 1986, 204(1-2):225-227.
113. Ghicov A. Titanium oxide nanotubes prepared in phosphate electrolytes. Electrochemistry Communications 2005, 7(5):505-509.
114. 5 nanotubes with electrochemically tunable morphologies. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2006, 45(42):6993-6996.
115. 2 nanotubes. Nano Letters 2006, 6:1080-1082.
116. Ghijsen J., Tjeng L.H., Eskes H., Sawatzky G.A., Johnson R.L. Band gap of CuO. Physical Review B 1990, 42:2268.
117. 2O and CuO. Physical Review B 1988, 38:11322.
118. Ghosh A.K., Wakim F.G., Addiss R.R. Photoelectronic processes in rutile. Physical Review 1969, 184:979-988.
119. Goldberger J., Sirbuly D.J., Law M., Yang P. ZnO nanowire transistors. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2005, 109:9.
120. Goldstein H.F., Kim D.S., Yu P.Y., Bourne L.C., Chaminade J.P., Nganga L. Raman study of CuO single crystals. Physical Review B 1990, 41:7192-7194.
121. Gong D., Grimes C.A., Varghese O.K., Chen Z., Hu W., Dickey E.C. Titanium oxide nanotube arrays prepared by anodic oxidation. Journal of Materials Research 2001, 16:3331-3334.
122. Greenwood N.N., Earnshaw A. Chemistry of the Elements 1984, 447-448. Pergamon, Oxford.
123. Gruzintsev A.N., Redkin A.N., Emelchenko G.A., Barthou C., Benalloul P. Stimulated luminescence of ZnO nanocrystals of different shape grown by the method of gas transport. Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 2006, 8:148-152.
124. 3 and ZnO. Topics in Catalysis 2003, 24(1-4):137-146.
125. Guo H., Zhou J., Lin Z. ZnO nanorod light-emitting diodes fabricated by electrochemical approaches. Electrochemistry Communications 2008, 10(1):146-150.
126. Guo M., Diao P., Cai S. Hydrothermal growth of perpendicularly oriented ZnO nanorod array film and its photoelectrochemical properties. Applied Surface Science 2005, 249(1-4):71-75.
127. 3 nanobelts. Applied Surface Science 2008, 254(16):5124-5128.
128. 2 nanotube layers by thermal acetylene treatment. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:105604-105608.
129. 2 nanotubes resulting in high electrochromic contrast. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2007, 204(5):1281-1285.
130. 2 nanotubes produced by rapid breakdown anodization - a comparison. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) 2007, 1(4):135-137.
131. Han X., Wang G., Wang Q., et al. Ultraviolet lasing and time-resolved photoluminescence of well-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 86:223106.
132. 2 films. Chemistry Letters 1998, 8:707-708.
133. Hauschild R., Kalt H. Guided modes in ZnO nanorods. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 89:123107.
134. Hauschild R., Lange H., Priller H., et al. Stimulated emission from ZnO nanorods. Physica Status Solidi (b) 2006, 243:853-857.
135. He J.H., Lin Y.H., McConney M.E., Tsukruk V.V., Wang Z.L., Bao G. Enhancing UV photoconductivity of ZnO nanobelt by polyacrylonitrile functionalization. Journal of Applied Physics 2007, 102:084303.
136. Henderson B., Imbusch G.F. Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids 1989, Clarendon, Oxford.
137. Heo Y.W., Kang B.S., Tien L.C., et al. UV photoresponse of single ZnO nanowires. Applied Physics A 2005, 80:497-499.
138. Heo Y.W., Tien L.C., Kwon Y., et al. Depletion-mode ZnO nanowire field-effect transistor. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85(12):2274-2276.
139. Heo Y.W., Tien L.C., Norton D.P., et al. Pt/ZnO nanowire Schottky diodes. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85(15):3107-3109.
140. Hernández-Ramírez F., Rodríguez J., Casals O., et al. Characterization of metal-oxide nanosensors fabricated with focused ion beam (FIB). Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2006, 118(1-2):198-203.
141. 2 nanowire. Sensors and Actuators B 2007, 121(1):3-17.
142. Hoyer P. Formation of a titanium dioxide nanotube array. Langmuir 1996, 12:1411-1413.
143. Hsiao C.S., Chen S.Y., Kuo W.L., Lin C.C., Cheng S.Y. Synthesis and optical properties of white-light-emitting alumina/ZnO nanotubes. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:405608-405616.
144. Hsieh C.T., Chen J.M., Lin H.H., Shih H.C. Field emissions from various CuO nanostructures. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 83:3383-3385.
145. Hsieh C.T., Chen J.M., Lin H.H., Shih H.C. Synthesis of well-ordered CuO nanoflowers by a self-catalytic growth mechanism. Applied Physical Letters 2003, 82:3316.
146. Hsu C.L., Chang S.J., Lin Y.R., et al. Ultraviolet photodetectors with low temperature synthesized vertical ZnO nanowires. Chemical Physics Letters 2005, 416(1-3):75-78.
147. 3 nanobridge and application of ultrawide wavelength visible-infrared photodetector/optical switching. Applied Physics Letters 2009, 94:133108:1-133108:3.
148. 3 tubes with mobile Sn nanowire fillings. ACS Nano 2008, 2:107-112.
149. Huang J.S., Chou C.Y., Liu M.Y., Tsai K.H., Lin W.H., Lin C.F. Solution-processed vanadium oxide as an anode interlayer for inverted polymer solar cells hybridized with ZnO nanorods. Organic Electronics 2009, 10(6):1060-1065.
150. Huang M., Mao S., Feick H., et al. Room-temperature ultraviolet nanowire nanolasers. Science 2001, 292(5523):1897-1899.
151. Huang X.J., Choi Y.K. Chemical sensors based on nanostructured materials. Sensors and Actuators B 2007, 122:659-671.
152. 3 nanowires grown on brass wire meshes and their electrical and field-emission properties. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2009, 113:1980-1983.
153. Huang Y., Zhang Y., Bai X., He J., Liu J., Zhang X. Bicrystalline zinc oxide nanocombs. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2006, 6:2566.
154. Hughes W.L., Wang Z.L. Controlled synthesis and manipulation of ZnO nanorings and nanobows. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 86:043106.
155. 2 nanowires functionalized with CuO. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2009, 142(1):105-110.
156. Idota Y., Kubota T., Matsufuji A., Maekawa Y., Miyasaka T. Tin-based amorphous oxide: A high-capacity lithium-ion-storage material. Science 1997, 276(5317):1395-1397.
157. 2 nanotubes in porous alumina membranes. Journal of Materials Chemistry 1999, 9:2971-2972.
158. x powders. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2003, 107:5483-5486.
159. Ishimaru A. Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media 1978, vol. 1:178. Academic Press, New York.
160. Izaki M., Omi T. Electrolyte optimization for cathodic growth of zinc oxide films. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 1996, 143(3):L53-L55.
161. Jeon M.S., Yoon W.S., Joo H., Lee T.K., Lee H. Preparation and characterization of a nano-sized Mo/Ti mixed photocatalyst. Applied Surface Science 2000, 165(2-3):209-216.
162. Jessensky O., Müller F., Gösele U. Self-organized formation of hexagonal pore arrays in anodic alumina. Applied Physics Letters 1998, 72:1173.
163. Jia Z.J., Zhu L.P., Liao G.H., Yu Y., Tang Y.W. Preparation and characterization of SnO nanowhiskers. Solid State Communications 2004, 132(2):79-82.
164. Jiang C.Y., Sun X.W., Lo G.Q., Kwong D.L., Wang J.X. Improved dye-sensitized solar cells with a ZnO-nanoflower photoanode. Applied Physics Letter 2007, 90:263501.
165. 2 thin film by doping Fe ions. Materials Chemistry and Physics 2002, 77(3):878-881.
166. Jiang X., Herricks T., Xia Y. CuO nanowires can be synthesized by heating copper substrates in air. Nano Letters 2002, 2(12):1333-1338.
167. Johnson J.C., Yan H., Schadller R.D., Haber L.H., Saykally R.J., Yang P. Single nanowire lasers. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2001, 105:11387-11390.
168. Jose R., Thavasi V., Ramakrishna S. Metal oxides for dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 2009, 92:289-301.
169. 2 structures using an organogel template. Chemistry of Materials 2002, 14:1445-1447.
170. Kahn M.L., Monge M., Colliere V., Senocq F., Maisonnat A., Chaudret B. Size- and shape-control of crystalline zinc oxide nanoparticles: A new organometallic synthetic method. Advanced Functional Materials 2005, 15(3):458-468.
171. Kakati N., Jee S.H., Kim S.H., Lee H.K., Yoon Y.S. Sensitivity enhancement of ZnO nanorod gas sensors with surface modification by an InSb thin film. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 2009, 48:105002.
172. Kakiuchi K., Hosono E., Fujihara S. Enhanced photoelectrochemical performance of ZnO electrodes sensitized with N-719. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2006, 179(1-2):81-86.
173. Kakiuchi K., Saito M., Fujihara S. Fabrication of ZnO films consisting of densely accumulated mesoporous nanosheets and their dye-sensitized solar cell performance. Thin Solid Films 2008, 516(8):2026-2030.
174. 2 nanotubes: Photocatalyst for cancer cell killing. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) 2008, 2(4):194-196.
175. Kale R.B., Hsu Y.J., Lin Y.F., Lu S.Y. Synthesis of stoichiometric flower like ZnO nanorods with hundred per cent morphological yield. Solid State Communications 2007, 142:302-305.
176. Kang B.S., Heo Y.W., Tien L.C., et al. Hydrogen and ozone gas sensing using multiple ZnO nanorods. Applied Physics A 2005, 80:1029-1032.
177. 2 nanotube electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:355307.
178. 2 nanotube arrays and their use in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Letters 2009, 9(2):601-606.
179. 2 nanotubes with through-hole morphology. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) 2009, 3(5):139-141.
180. Karakitsou K.E., Verykios X.E. Effects of altervalent cation doping of titania on its performance as a photocatalyst for water cleavage. Journal of Physical Chemistry 1993, 97:1184-1189.
181. Kasuga T., Hiramatsu M., Hoson A., Sekino T., Niihara K. Formation of titanium oxide nanotube. Langmuir 1998, 14(12):3160-3163.
182. 2. Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 1971, 4:2421-2431.
183. Katoh R., Furube A., Tamaki Y., et al. Microscopic imaging of the efficiency of electron injection from excited sensitizer dye into nanocrystalline ZnO film. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2004, 166:69-74.
184. Keis K., Lindgren J., Lindquist S.E., Hagfeldt A. Studies of the adsorption process of Ru complexes in nanoporous ZnO electrodes. Langmuir 2000, 16(10):4688-4694.
185. Keis K., Magnusson E., Lindström H., Lindquist S.E., Hagfeldt A. A 5% efficient photoelectrochemical solar cell based on nanostructured ZnO electrodes. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2002, 73(1):51-58.
186. Keller F., Hunter M.S., Robinson D.L. Structural features of oxide coatings on aluminum. Journal of Electrochemical Society 1953, 100(9):411-419.
187. Kenanakis G., Vernardou D., Koudoumas E., Kiriakidis G., Katsarakis N. Ozone sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures grown by the aqueous chemical growth technique. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2007, 124:187-191.
188. 2. Science 2002, 297(5590):2243-2245.
189. Kim D.C., Han W.S., Kong B.H., Cho H.K., Hong C.H. Fabrication of the hybrid ZnO LED structure grown on p-type GaN by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Physica B: Condensed Matter 2007, 401-402:386-390.
190. Kim D.Y., Son J.Y. Horizontal ZnO nanowires for gas sensor application: Al-doping effect on sensitivity. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 2009, 12:J109-J111.
191. 3 nanobelts and nanosheets. Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing 2007, 86(3):315-319.
192. Kim K.S., Kim H.W. Synthesis of ZnO nanorod on bare Si substrate using metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Physica B 2003, 328:368-371.
193. Kind H., Yan H., Messer B., Law M., Yang P. Nanowire ultraviolet photodetectors and optical switches. Advanced Materials 2002, 14(2):158-160.
194. Kobayashi S., Hamasaki N., Suzuki M., Kimura M., Shirai H., Hanabusa K. Preparation of helical transition-metal oxide tubes using organogelators as structure-directing agents. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2002, 124(23):6550-6551.
195. Koffyberg F.P., Benko F.A. A photoelectrochemical determination of the position of the conduction and valance band edges of p-type CuO. Journal of Applied Physics 1982, 53(2):1173-1177.
196. Kohno H., Iwasaki T., Mita Y., Takeda S. One-phonon Raman scattering studies of chains of crystalline-Si nanospheres. Journal of Applied Physics 2002, 91:3232.
197. Kolmakov A., Moskovits M. Chemical sensing and catalysis by one-dimensional metal-oxide nanostructures. Annual Review of Materials Research 2004, 34:151-180.
198. 2 using tin oxide nanowire sensors. Advanced Materials 2003, 15:997.
199. Könenkamp R., Word R.C., Schlegel C. Vertical nanowire light-emitting diode. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85:6004.
200. 2 nanotube arrays: The influence of surface morphology. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:045603.
201. Korotcenkov G. Metal oxides for solid-state gas sensors: What determines our choice?. Materials Science and Engineering: B 2007, 139:1-23.
202. x nanostructures doped with Sm ions. Optics and Spectroscopy 2007, 103(5):766-771.
203. Krichevsky O., Stavans J. Correlated Ostwald ripening in two dimensions. Physical Review Letters 1993, 70:1473-1476.
204. Krunks M., Katerski A., Dedova T., Oja Aci I., Mere A. Nanostructured solar cell based on spray pyrolysis deposited ZnO nanorod array. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2008, 92(9):1016-1019.
205. Kumar S., Ki G.H., Sreenivas K., Tandon R.P. Mechanism of ultraviolet photoconductivity in zinc oxide nanoneedles. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2007, 19:472202.
206. 2S gas sensor. Sensors and Actuators B 2009, 138(2):587-590.
207. Lai M., Riley D.J. Templated electrosynthesis of zinc oxide nanorods. Chemistry of Materials 2006, 18(9):2233-2237.
208. Lakshmi B.B., Dorhout P.K., Martin C.R. Sol-gel template synthesis of semiconductor nanostructures. Chemistry of Materials 1997, 9(3):857-862.
209. 2 prepared by template-free method: Role of interparticle charge transfer. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2007, 111(42):15244-15250.
210. 3 nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation technique. Applied Physics A 2004, 79(8):2099-2102.
211. Lassesson A., Schulze M., van Lith J., Brown S.A. Tin oxide nanocluster hydrogen and ammonia sensors. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:015502.
212. Law J.B.K., Thong J.T.L. Simple fabrication of a ZnO nanowire photodetector with a fast photoresponse time. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 88:133114.
213. Law M., Greene L.E., Johnson J.C., Saykally R., Yang P. Nanowire dye-sensitized solar cells. Nature Materials 2005, 4(6):455-459.
214. 2 nanoribbon nanosensors at room temperature. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2002, 41:2405-2408.
215. Law M., Sirbuly D., Johnson J., Goldberger J., Saykally R., Yang P. Ultralong nanoribbon waveguides for sub-wavelength photonics integration. Science 2004, 305:1269.
216. 2:N anatase thin film on Si substrate. Applied Physical Letters 1995, 66(7):815-817.
217. 2/carbon nanocomposite electrodes for application to Li ion batteries. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2008, 2008(6):878-882.
218. 3 nanomaterials synthesized from ball-milled GaN powders. Journal of Crystal Growth 2002, 244:287.
219. 2 nanotubes with a ZnO thin energy barrier for improved current efficiency of CdSe quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:335706-335713.
220. Lee W., Ki Min S., Dhas V., Ogale S.B., Han S.H. Chemical bath deposition of CdS quantum dots on vertically aligned ZnO nanorods for quantum dots-sensitized solar cells. Electrochemistry Communications 2009, 11(1):103-106.
221. Lee W., Sohn H.G., Myoung J.M. Prediction of the structural performances of ZnO nanowires grown on GaAs(001) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD). Material Science Forum 2004, 449-452:1245-1248.
222. 2 nanorod thin films. Sensors and Actuators B 2008, 132(1):239-242.
223. Leprince W.Y., Wang G.Y., Zhang X.Z., Yu D.P. Study on the microstructure and growth mechanism of electrochemical deposited ZnO nanowires. Journal of Crystal Growth 2006, 287:89-93.
224. Letokhov V.S. Generation of light by a scattering medium with negative resonance absorption. Soviet Physics, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 1968, 26:835.
225. Li A.P., Müller F., Birner A., Nielsch K., Gösele U. Fabrication and microstructuring of hexagonally ordered two-dimensional nanopore arrays in anodic alumina. Advanced Material 1999, 11(6):483-487.
226. Li A.P., Müller F., Gösele U. Polycrystalline and monocrystalline pore arrays with large interpore distance in anodic alumina. Electrochemical Solid-State Letters 2000, 3(3):131-134.
227. Li C., Fang G., Su F., Li G., Wu X., Zhao X. Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of vertically aligned ZnO nanorod-nanowall junction arrays on a ZnO-coated silicon substrate. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:3740-3744.
228. Li F., Zhang L., Metzger R.M. On the growth of highly ordered pores in anodized aluminum oxide. Chemistry of Materials 1998, 10(9):2470-2480.
229. s@MS, M=Cd, Zn) and their photocatalytic activity. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 2007, 180(7):2136-2142.
230. Li J., Tang Z., Zhang Z. Preparation and novel lithium intercalation properties of titanium oxide nanotubes. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 2005, 8(6):A316-A319.
231. 2 nanotube arrays as a photoanode for cathodic protection of stainless steel. ECS Transactions 2008, 3(43):1-9.
232. 2 nanowires and their optical properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009, 477(1-2):515-518.
233. Li Q.H., Liang Y.X., Wan Q., Wang T.H. Oxygen sensing characteristics of individual ZnO nanowire transistors. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85:6389.
234. 3 nanowires. Materials Letters 2006, 60(12):1492-1495.
235. Li S.Y., Lee C.Y., Tseng T.Y. Copper-catalyzed ZnO nanowires on silicon (100) grown by vapor-liquid-solid process. Journal of Crystal Growth 2003, 247:357-362.
236. 2 nanowires. Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 2009, 41(8):1550-1553.
237. 2 nanorod arrays for field-emission application. Vacuum 2009, 83(11):1340-1343.
238. Liao L., Lu H.B., Shuai M., et al. A novel gas sensor based on field ionization from ZnO nanowires: Moderate working voltage and high stability. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:175501-175506.
239. 2 nanowire gas sensor supported with Pt nanocrystals: Gas sensitivity, surface bond states, and chemical mechanism. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112:9061-9065.
240. Lieber C.M. Technical feature-nanoscale science and technology: Building a big future from small things. Materials Research Society 2003, 28(7):486-491.
241. Lilach Y., Zhang J.P., Moskovits M., Kolmakov A. Encoding morphology in oxide nanostructures during their growth. Nano Letters 2005, 5:2019-2022.
242. 2 heterojunction light-emitting diode. Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 2009, 41(4):635-639.
243. 2 nanowires. Journal of Crystal Growth 2005, 285(1-2):49-53.
244. Liu B., Zeng H.C. Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorods in the diameter regime of 50nm. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2003, 125(15):4430-4431.
245. Liu B., Zeng H.C. Mesoscale organization of CuO nanoribbons: Formation of dandelions. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2004, 126(26):8124-8125.
246. Liu F., Cao P.J., Zhang H.R., Li J.Q., Gao H.J. Controlled self-assembled nanoaeroplanes, nanocombs, and tetrapod-like networks of zinc oxide. Nanotechnology 2004, 15:949-952.
247. 2 nanotube array. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:025606.
248. 3 nanorods as anode material for lithium-ion cells. Electrochimica Acta 2009, 54(6):1733-1736.
249. Liu S., Wu J.J. Growth of highly oriented ZnO nanorods by chemical vapor deposition. Materials Research Society 2002, 703:241-250.
250. Liu X., Tang D., Zeng C., Hai K., Xie S. Preparation of tin oxide self-assembly nanostructures by chemical vapor deposition. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 2007, 23(3):361-366.
251. Liu X.L., Li C., Han S., Han J., Zhou C.W. Synthesis and electronic transport studies of CdO nanoneedles. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 82:1950-1952.
252. Liu Z., Zhang D., Han S., et al. Laser ablation synthesis and electron transport studies of tin oxide nanowires. Advanced Materials 2003, 15(20):1754-1757.
253. 2 nanotube arrays with controllable length for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of phenol. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2008, 112(1):253-259.
254. Lokhande C.D., Gondkar P.M., Mane R.S., Shinde V.R., Han S.H. CBD grown ZnO-based gas sensors and dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009, 475:304-311.
255. Loudon R. The Raman effect in crystals. Advances in Physics 1964, 13(52):423-482.
256. Lu H.B., Li H., Liao L., et al. Low-temperature synthesis and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanotubes by thermal oxidation of Zn nanowires. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:045605.
257. Lu J.G., Chang P., Fan Z. Quasi-one-dimensional metal oxide materials - synthesis, properties and applications. Materials Science and Engineering R 2006, 52:49-91.
258. Luo L., Zhang Y., Mao S.S., Lin L. Fabrication and characterization of ZnO nanowires based UV photodiodes. Sensors and Actuators A 2006, 127:201-206.
259. 2 nanosensors. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on "Microelectronics and Computer Science 2007, vol. 1:103-106. Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, ICMCS-2007 (ISBN 978-9975-45-045-4) 19-21 September.
260. Lupan O., Chai G., Chow L. Fabrication of ZnO nanorod-based hydrogen gas nanosensor. Microelectronics Journal 2007, 38(12):1211-1216.
261. Lupan O., Chai G., Chow L. Novel hydrogen gas sensor based on single ZnO nanorod. Microelectronic Engineering 2008, 85:2220-2225.
262. Lupan O., Chai G., Chow L. Fabrication and characterizations of ultra violet photosensor based on single ZnO nanorod. Technical Proceedings of the 2008 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show 2008, vol. 3:5-8. (ISBN 978-1-4200-8505-1).
263. Lupan O, Chai G, Chow L, et al. (2010a) Ultraviolet photoconductive sensor based on single ZnO nanowire. Physica Status Solidi (a) (accepted).
264. Lupan O., Chow L. Synthesis and characterizations of ZnO nanorods arrays for device applications. Proceedings of the NSTI-2007 International Nanotechnology Conference, Nanotech-2007 2007, vol. 4:457-460. Santa Clara, CA, USA, 20-24 May.
265. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G. A single ZnO tetrapod-based sensor. Sensors and Actuators B 2009, 141:511-517.
266. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., Chernyak L., Lopatiuk-Tirpak O., Heinrich H. Focused-ion-beam fabrication of ZnO nanorod-based UV photodetector using the in-situ lift-out technique. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2008, 205(11):2673-2678.
267. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., Heinrich H. Fabrication and characterization of Zn-ZnO core-shell microspheres from nanorods. Chemical Physics Letters 2008, 465:249-253.
268. 2 microcubes and their characterization. Journal of Crystal Growth 2008, 311(1):152-155.
269. 2 nanorods via a hydrothermal technique. Physica E 2009, 41(4):533-536.
270. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., Park S., Schulte A. Electric field assisted assembly of perpendicular oriented ZnO nanorods on Si substrate. Technical Proceedings of the 2008 Nanotechnology Conference and Trade Show 2008, vol. 1:567-570. Boston, MA, USA, (ISBN 978-1-4200-8503-7) 1-5 June.
271. 2 nanowires. Materials Science and Engineering: B 2009, 157(1-3):101-104.
272. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., et al. Nanofabrication and characterization of ZnO nanorod arrays and branched microrods by aqueous solution route and rapid thermal processing. Materials Science and Engineering: B 2007, 145(1-3):57-66.
273. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., et al. Investigation of tin oxide nanobelts/nanoribbons prepared by chemical deposition technology. International Semiconductor Conference 2008, vol. 2:287-290. Sinaia, Romania, 13-15 October 2008.
274. Lupan O., Chow L., Chai G., et al. Biopolymer-assisted self-assembly of ZnO nanoarchitectures from nanorods. Superlattices and Microstructures 2008, 43:292-302.
275. Lupan O., Chow L., Shishiyanu S., et al. Nanostructured zinc oxide films synthesized by successive chemical solution deposition for gas sensor applications. Materials Research Bulletin 2009, 44(1):63-69.
276. Lupan O., Chow L., Ursaki V., et al. Effect of Sn dopant on the properties of ZnO nanorod arrays. Proceedings of the International Semiconductor Conference 2007, vol. 2:349-352. (ISSN 1545-827X; ISBN 1-4244-0847-4) Sinaia, Romania, 15-17 October 2007.
277. Lupan O., Emelchenko G.A., Ursaki V.V., et al. Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanowires for nanosensor applications. Materials Research Bulletin 2010, 10.1016/j.materresbull.2010.03.027.
278. Lupan O., Guérin V.M., Tiginyanu I.M., et al. Well-aligned arrays of vertically-oriented ZnO nanowires electrodeposited on ITO-coated glass and their integration in dye sensitized solar cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 2010, 211(1):65-73.
279. Lupan O., Pauporté T., Chow L., et al. Effects of annealing on properties of ZnO thin films prepared by electrochemical deposition in chloride medium. Applied Surface Science 2010, 256(6):1895-1907.
280. Lupan O., Pauporteé T.H., Viana B. Low-voltage UV-electroluminescence from ZnO-nanowire array/p-GaN light emitting diodes. Advanced Materials 2010, 10.1002/adma.(201000611).
281. Lupan O, Pauporté T, Tiginyanu IM, Ursaki VV, HeinrichH, and Chow L (2010f) ZnO nanowires arrays electrodeposited directly on n- and p-type Si(111) substrates: Growth conditions and annealing effects. Journal of Physical Chemistry C (submitted).
282. Lupan O., Shishiyanu S., Chow L., Shishiyanu T. Nanostructured zinc oxide gas sensors by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method and rapid photothermal processing. Thin Solid Films 2008, 516(10):3338-3345.
283. Lupan O., Sontea V., Chow L., Chernyak L., Railean S. Self-assembly ZnO nanostructures for nanoscale devices applications. Annals of the University of Craiova, Electrical Engineering Series 2008, 32:216-219. (ISSN 1842-4805).
284. Lupan O., Ursaki V.V., Chai G., et al. Selective hydrogen gas nanosensor using individual ZnO nanowire with fast response at room temperature. Sensors and Actuators B 2010, 144(1):56-66.
285. Lyu S.C., Zhang Y., Lee C.J., Ruh H., Lee H.J. Low-temperature growth of ZnO nanowire array by a simple physical vapor-deposition method. Chemistry of Materials 2003, 15:3294-3299.
286. Ma T., Guo M., Zhang M., Zhang Y., Wang X. Density-controlled hydrothermal growth of well-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:35605-35612.
287. 2 nanobelts synthesized by rapid oxidation. Chemical Physics Letters 2003, 376(5-6):794-798.
288. 2 nanotubes: Annealing and structure. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2006, 203(10):R67-R69.
289. 4/NaF electrolytes. Electrochemica Acta 2005, 50(18):3679-3684.
290. 2 nanotubes by anodization of titanium. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2005, 44(14):2100-2102.
291. 2 nanotubes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2005, 44(45):7463-7465.
292. 4F solutions. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 2005, 75(A):928-933.
293. 2 nanotubular arrays for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation: Effect of crystallization and defect structures. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2008, 41:125307.
294. Mahalingam T., Lee K.M., Park K.H., et al. Low temperature wet chemical synthesis of good optical quality vertically aligned crystalline ZnO nanorods. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:35606-35611.
295. Manna L., Scher E.C., Alivisatos A.P. Synthesis of soluble and processable rod-, arrow-, teardrop-, and tetrapod-shaped CdSe nanocrystals. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2000, 122(51):12700-12706.
296. Marabelli F., Parravicini G.B., Salghetti-Drioli F. Optical gap of CuO. Physical Review Letters B 1995, 52:1433.
297. Marin F.I., Hamstra M.A., Vanmaekelbergh D. Greatly enhanced sub-bandgap photocurrent in porous GaP photoanodes. Journal of Electrochemical Society 1996, 143(3):1137-1142.
298. Marino C.E.B., Nascente P.A.P., Biaggio S.R., Rocha-Filho R.C., Bocchi N. XPS characterization of anodic titanium oxide films grown in phosphate buffer solutions. Thin Solid Films 2004, 468(1-2):109-112.
299. Mark M.B., Albada M.P., Lagendijk A. Light scattering in strongly scattering media: Multiple scattering and weak localization. Physical Review B 1988, 37:3575-3592.
300. Markushev V.M., Ryzhkov M.V., Briskina Ch.M., et al. ZnO random laser spectra under nanosecond pumping. Laser Physics 2007, 17:1109-1118.
301. Markushev V.M., Ursaki V.V., Ryzhkov M.V., et al. ZnO lasing in complex systems with tetrapods. Applied Physics B 2008, 93:231-238.
302. Martin C.R. Nanomaterials: A membrane-based synthetic approach. Science 1994, 266(5193):1961-1966.
303. Martinson A.B.F., Elam J.W., Hupp J.T., Pellin M.J. ZnO nanotube based dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Letters 2007, 7(8):2183-2187.
304. Masuda H., Fukuda K. Ordered metal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina. Science 1995, 268(5216):1466-1468.
305. Masuda H., Hasegwa F. Self-ordering of cell arrangement of anodic porous alumina formed in sulfuric acid solution. Journal of Electrochemical Society 1997, 144(5):L127-L130.
306. Masuda H., Satoh M. Fabrication of gold nanodot array using anodic porous alumina as an evaporation mask. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 1996, 35:L126-L129.
307. Masuda H., Yada K., Osaka A. Self-ordering of cell configuration of anodic porous alumina with large-size pores in phosphoric acid solution. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 1998, 37:L1340-L1342. (Part 2, 11A).
308. Masuda H., Yamada H., Satoh M., Asoh H. Highly ordered nanochannel-array architecture in anodic alumina. Applied Physics Letters 1997, 71(19):2770.
309. 5 heterostructures. Small 2007, 3(12):2070-2075.
310. Mathur S., Shen H., Barth S., Donia N. One-dimensional semiconductor nanostructures: Growth, characterization and device applications. International Society for Optical Engineering 2008, 222(2-3):307-317.
311. 2 nanowires. Journal of Crystal Growth 2009, 311(11):3158-3162.
312. Michailowski A., AlMawlawi D., Cheng G., Moskovits M. Highly regular anatase nanotubule arrays fabricated in porous anodic templates. Chemical Physics Letters 2001, 349(1-2):1-5.
313. Mo M.S., Yu J.C., Zhang L.Z., Li S.K.A. Self-assembly of ZnO nanorods and nanosheets into hollow microhemispheres and microspheres. Advanced Materials 2005, 17(6):756-760.
314. 2 nanotubes with Pd nanoparticles for photocatalytic decomposition of dyes under solar light illumination. Langmuir 2008, 24:11276-11281.
315. Mor G.K., Prakasam H.E., Varghese O.K., Shankar K., Grimes C.A. Vertically oriented Ti-Fe-O nanotube array films: Toward a useful material architecture for solar spectrum water photoelectrolysis. Nano Letters 2007, 7(8):2356-2364.
316. Mor G.K., Shankar K., Paulose M., Varghese O.K., Grimes C.A. Enhanced photocleavage of water using titania nanotube arrays. Nano Letters 2005, 5:191.
317. 2 nanotube arrays in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Letters 2006, 6:215-218.
318. Mor G.K., Shankar K., Varghese O.K., Grimes C.A. Photoelectrochemical properties of titania nanotubes. Journal of Materials Research 2004, 19(10):2989-2996.
319. 2-nanotube hydrogen sensor able to self-clean photoactively from environmental contamination. Journal of Materials Research 2004, 19:628-634.
320. Mor G.K., Varghese O.K., Paulose M., Grimes C.A. A self-cleaning room temperature titania-nanotube hydrogen gas sensor. Sensor Letters 2003, 1:42-46.
321. Mor G.K., Varghese O.K., Paulose M., Ong K.G., Grimes C.A. Fabrication of hydrogen sensors with transparent titanium oxide nanotube-array thin films as sensing elements. Thin Solid Films 2006, 496(1):42-48.
322. 2 nanotube arrays: Fabrication, material properties, and solar energy applications. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2006, 90(14):2011-2075.
323. Mor G.K., Varghese O.K., Wilke R.H.T., et al. p-Type Cu-Ti-O nanotube arrays and their use in self-biased heterojunction photoelectrochemical diodes for hydrogen generation. Nano Letters 2008, 8(7):1906-1911.
324. Nakayama Y., Pauzauskie P.J., Radenovic A., et al. Tunable nanowire optical probe for subwavelength imaging. Nature 2007, 447:1908.
325. Ndifor-Angwafor N.G., Riley D.J. Synthesis of ZnO nanorod/nanotube arrays formed by hydrothermal growth at a constant zinc ion concentration. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2008, 205(10):2351-2354.
326. 2 films. Nature 1991, 353:737-740.
327. O'Sullivan J.P., Wood G.C. The morphology and mechanism of formation of porous anodic films on aluminum. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A: Mathematical and Physical Sciences 1970, 317(1531):511-543.
328. 2 gas sensor based on ZnO nanorod grown by ultrasonic irradiation. Sensors and Actuators B 2009, 141:239-243.
329. 2 nanotubes. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part A 2006, 78(1):97-103.
330. Oh S.H., Finõnes R.R., Daraio C., Chen L.H., Jin S. Growth of nano-scale hydroxyapatite using chemically treated titanium oxide nanotubes. Biomaterials 2005, 26(24):4938-4943.
331. 2 grains, flakes, and plates into versatile particles and films through crystal growth in aqueous solutions. Crystal Growth and Design 2005, 5(3):1079-1083.
332. 2. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 1978, 7(6):321-324.
333. Okada T., Kawashima K., Ueda M. Ultraviolet lasing and field emission characteristics of ZnO nano-rods synthesized by nano-particle-assisted pulsed-laser ablation deposition. Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing 2005, 81:907-910.
334. Olson D.C., Piris J., Collins R.T., Shaheen S.E., Ginley D.S. Hybrid photovoltaic devices of polymer and ZnO nanofiber composites. Thin Solid Films 2006, 496(1):26-29.
335. Orlandi M.O., Leite E.R., Aguiar R., Bettini J., Longo E. Growth of SnO nanobelts and dendrites by a self-catalytic VLS process. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2006, 110(13):6621-6625.
336. Orlandi M.O., Ramirez A.J., Leite E.R., Longo E. Morphological evolution of tin oxide nanobelts after phase transition. Crystal Growth and Design 2008, 8(3):1067-1072.
337. Ortiz G.F., Hanzu I., Knauth P., Lavela P., Tirado J.L., Djenizian T. Nanocomposite electrode for Li-ion microbatteries based on SnO on nanotubular titania matrix. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 2009, 12(9):A186-A189.
338. Pan Z.W., Dai Z.R., Wang Z.L. Nanobelts of semiconducting oxides. Science 2001, 291(5510):1947-1949.
339. 4). Electrochemical Acta 2008, 54(2):643-648.
340. 2 nanotube surfaces. Nano Letters 2009, 9(9):3157-3164.
341. 2 nanotube diameter directs cell fate. Nano Letters 2007, 7:1686-1691.
342. Park W.I., Kim D.H., Jung S.W., Yi G.C. Metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxial growth of vertically well-aligned ZnO nanorods. Applied Physics Letters 2002, 80(22):4232-4234.
343. Park W.I., Yi G.C., Kim M.Y., Pennycook S.J. ZnO nanoneedles grown vertically on Si substrates by non-catalytic vapor-phase epitaxy. Advanced Materials 2002, 14(24):1841-1843.
344. Paulose M., Shankar K., Varghese O.K., Mor G.K., Hardin B., Grimes C.A. Backside illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells based on titania nanotube array electrodes. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:1446-1448.
345. Paulose M., Varghese O.K., Mor G.K., Grimes C.A., Ong K.G. Unprecedented ultra-high hydrogen gas sensitivity in undoped titania nanotubes. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:398-402.
346. Pauporté T., Jouanno E., Pellé F., Viana B., Aschehoug P. Key growth parameters for the electrodeposition of ZnO films with an intense UV-light emission at room temperature. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2009, 113:10422.
347. Pauporté T., Lincot D. Heteroepitaxial electrodeposition of zinc oxide films on gallium nitride. Applied Physics Letters 1999, 75:3817.
348. Pauporté T., Lincot D. Hydrogen peroxide oxygen precursor for zinc oxide electrodeposition I - deposition in perchlorate medium. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2001, 148:C310-C314.
349. Pauporté T., Lincot D. Hydrogen peroxide oxygen precursor for zinc oxide electrodeposition II - mechanistic aspects. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2001, 517(1-2):54-62.
350. Pauporté T and Lupan O (2010) Low-temperature treatment for optical properties enhancement of electrodeposited ZnO nanowires on lightweight flexible polymer substrate. Journal of Crystal Growth (submitted).
351. Pearton S.J., Lim W.T., Wright J.S., et al. ZnO and related materials for sensors and light-emitting diodes. Journal of Electronic Materials 2008, 37(9):1426-1432.
352. Pearton S.J., Ren F., Wang Y.L., et al. Recent advances in wide band gap semiconductor biological and gas sensors. Progress in Materials Science 2010, 55:1-59.
353. 2. Physical Review B 1973, 7:2779-2786.
354. Pendry J.B. Negative refraction makes a perfect lens. Physical Review Letters 2000, 85:3966-3969.
355. 2 nanotubes. Nano Letters 2009, 9(5):1932-1936.
356. Peng L., Zhao Q., Wang D., et al. Ultraviolet-assisted gas sensing: A potential formaldehyde detection approach at room temperature based on zinc oxide nanorods. Sensors and Actuators B 2009, 136:80-85.
357. Peulon S., Lincot D. Cathodic electrodeposition from aqueous solution of dense or open-structured zinc oxide films. Advanced Materials 1996, 8(2):166-170.
358. 2. Journal of Physics: Condensed Materials 2004, 16:S261-S268.
359. Polsongkram D., Chamninok P., Pukird S., et al. Effect of synthesis conditions on the growth of ZnO nanorods via hydrothermal method. Physica B: Condensed Matter 2008, 403(19-20):3713-3717.
360. 2. Physical Review 1967, 154:522-526.
361. 2 nanotube array growth by anodization. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2007, 111:7235-7241.
362. 2 cubes based on aggregation of nanorods. Materials Letters 2008, 62(16):2411-12114.
363. Qiu Z., Wong K.S., Wu M., Lin W., Xu H. Microcavity lasing behavior of oriented hexagonal ZnO nanowhiskers grown by hydrothermal oxidation. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 84:2739.
364. 2 solar cells: Studies of charge transport and carrier lifetime. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2007, 111(2):1035-1041.
365. 2 nanowires. Sensors and Actuators B 2005, 107(2):708-715.
366. Rao C.N.R., Deepak F.L., Gundiah G., Govindaraj A. Inorganic nanowires. Progress in Solid State Chemistry 2003, 31(1-2):5-147.
367. Ravirajan P., Peiró A.M., Nazeeruddin M.K., et al. Hybrid polymer/zinc oxide photovoltaic devices with vertically oriented ZnO nanorods and an amphiphilic molecular interface layer. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2006, 110(15):7635-7639.
368. Ray S.C. Preparation of copper oxide thin film by the sol-gel-like dip technique and study of their structural and optical properties. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2001, 68:307-312.
369. Redkin A.N., Makovei Z.I., Gruzintsev A.N., Dubonos S.V., Yakimov E.E. Vapor phase synthesis of aligned ZnO nanorod arrays from elements. Inorganic Materials 2007, 43:253-257.
370. 2 nano-tubes: Voltage ramp influence on the nano-structured oxide and investigation of phase changes promoted by thermal treatments. Physica Status Solidi (a) 2007, 204(6):1814-1819.
371. Ren X., Jiang C.H., Li D.D., He L. Fabrication of ZnO nanotubes with ultrathin wall by electrodeposition method. Materials Letters 2008, 62(17-18):3114-3116.
372. 2 films. Surface Science 2003, 532-535:456-460.
373. Rout C.S., Kulkarni G.U., Rao C.N.R. Room temperature hydrogen and hydrocarbon sensors based on single nanowires of metal oxides. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2007, 40:2777-2782.
374. Routkevitch D., Tager A.A., Haruyama J., Almawlawi D., Moskovits M., Xu J.M. Non lithographic nano-wire arrays: Fabrication, physics, and device applications. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 1996, 43(10):1646-1658.
375. 2 nanotubes in the enhancement of blood clotting for the control of hemorrhage. Biomaterials 2007, 28(31):4667-4672.
376. 2 nanotube-arrays anodized in boric acid containing electrolyte. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2006, 90(9):1283-1295.
377. Saito M., Fujihara S. Large photocurrent generation in dye-sensitized ZnO solar cells. Energy and Environmental Science 2008, 1:280-283.
378. Saha N.C., Tompkins H.G. Titanium nitride oxidation chemistry: An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study. Journal of Applied Physics 1992, 72(7):3072-3079.
379. Samuelson L. Self-forming nanoscale devices. Materials Today 2003, 6(10):22-31.
380. Sanchez B., Mendez B., Piqueras J., Sirbu L., Tiginyanu I.M., Ursaki V.V. Cathodoluminescence characterization of rare earth doped composite materials based on porous GaP. Journal of Materials Science 2008, 43(2):680-683.
381. Sberveglieri G., Baratto C., Comini E., et al. Semiconducting tin oxide nanowires and thin films for chemical warfare agents detection. Thin Solid Films 2009, 517:6156-6160.
382. 2 nanotube layers. ECS Transactions 2006, 1(4):335-341.
383. 2. Journal of Chemical Physics 1970, 53:852.
384. Sekine N., Chou C.H., Kwan W.L., Yang Y. ZnO nano-ridge structure and its application in inverted polymer solar cell. Organic Electronics 2009, 10(8):1473-1477.
385. 2 nanotubes. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2009, 137(2):513-520.
386. Sergentu V.V., Tiginyanu I.M., Ursaki V.V., Enachi M., Albu S.P., Schmuki P. Prediction of negative index material lenses based on metallo-dielectric nanotubes. Physica Status Solidi (RRL) 2008, 2(5):242-244.
387. 2 nanotube arrays sensitized with a donor-antenna dye. Nano Letters 2008, 8(6):1654-1659.
388. 2 nanotube array-organic semiconductor double heterojunction solar cells. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2008, 354(19-25):2767-2771.
389. 2 nanotube arrays up to 220 μm in length: Use in water photoelectrolysis and dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:065707.
390. 2 thin films: Modification of band gap and photoelectrochemical properties. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2006, 39(11):2361-2366.
391. Shankar K.S., Raychaudhuri A.K. Fabrication of nanowires of multicomponent oxides: Review of recent advances. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2005, 25(5-8):738-751.
392. She G., Zhang X., Shi W., Fan X., Chang J.C. Electrochemical/chemical synthesis of highly-oriented single-crystal ZnO nanotube arrays on transparent conductive substrates. Electrochemistry Communications 2007, 9(12):2784-2788.
393. 2 nanowires. Sensors and Actuators B 2009, 135(2):524-529.
394. Shingubara S., Okino O., Sayama Y., Sakaue H., Takahagi T. Ordered two-dimensional nanowire array formation using self-organized nanoholes of anodically oxidized aluminium. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 1997, 36(Part 1, 12B):7791-7795.
395. 2 nanotubes with Ag nanoparticles. ECS Transactions 2008, 16(3):261-266.
396. Sirbu L., Ursaki V.V., Tiginyanu I.M., Dolgaleva K., Boyd R.W. Red and green nanocomposite phosphors prepared from porous GaAs templates. Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 2007, 9:401-404.
397. Sîrbu L., Ursaki V.V., Tigineanu I.M., Dolgaleva K., Boyd R.W. Er- and Eu-doped GaP-oxide porous composites for optoelectronic applications. Physica Status Solidi 2007, 1(1):R13-R15.
398. Sirbuly D., Yang P. One-dimensional nanostructures as subwavelength optical elements for photonics integration. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2005, 109:15190.
399. Snure M., Tiwari A. Synthesis, characterization, and green luminescence in ZnO nanocages. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2007, 7:481-485.
400. Soci C., Zhang A., Xiang B., et al. ZnO nanowire UV photodetectors with high internal gain. Nano Letters 2007, 7:1003-1009.
401. Solbrand A., Keis K., Sodergren S., Lindstrom H., Lindquist S.E., Hagfeldt A. Charge transport properties in the nanostructured ZnO thin film, electrode-electrolyte system studied with time resolved photocurrents. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2000, 60:181-193.
402. 2 nanotubes produced by controlled anodic oxidation in non-aqueous electrolytic media. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:235602.
403. 2 nanopowders. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 2003, 199:59-63.
404. Suda Y., Kawasaki H., Ueda T., Ohshima T. Preparation of nitrogen-doped titanium oxide thin film using a PLD method as parameters of target material and nitrogen concentration ratio in nitrogen/oxygen gas mixture. Thin Solid Films 2005, 475(1-2):337-341.
405. Suehiro J., Nakagawa N., Hidaka S., et al. Dielectrophoretic fabrication and characterization of a ZnO nanowire-based UV photosensor. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:2567-2573.
406. 2 thin films grown by atomic layer deposition. Elsevier Science 1998, 336(1-2):295-298.
407. 2 nanotube array films for enhancement in photocatalytic activity. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009, 93(10):1875-1880.
408. 2 nanotube-array photoelectrodes. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2008, 130:1124-1125.
409. Sun Y., Ndifor-Angwafor N.G., Riley D.J., Ashfold M.N.R. Synthesis and photoluminescence of ultra-thin ZnO nanowire/nanotube arrays formed by hydrothermal growth. Chemical Physics Letters 2006, 431(4-6):352-357.
410. Tam K.H., Cheung C.K., Leung Y.H., et al. Defects in ZnO nanorods prepared by a hydrothermal method. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2006, 110:20865-20871.
411. 2 nanostructures: Nanowires, nanorods and nanoparticles. Catalysis Today 2009, 148(1-2):179-183.
412. Tang Y., Hu X., Chen M., Luo L., Li B., Zhang L. CdSe nanocrystal sensitized ZnO core-shell nanorod array films: Preparation and photovoltaic properties. Electrochimica Acta 2009, 54(10):2742-2747.
413. Tang Y., Luo L., Chen Z., et al. Electrodeposition of ZnO nanotube arrays on TCO glass substrates. Electrochemistry Communications 2007, 9(2):289-292.
414. Tena-Zaera R., Katty A., Bastide S., Lévy-Clément C., O'Regan B., Muñoz V. ZnO/CdTe/CuSCN, a promising heterostructure to act as inorganic eta-solar cell. Thin Solid Films 2005, 483(1-2):372-377.
415. Tena-Zaera R., Ryan M.A., Katty A., Hodes G., Bastide S., Clément C.L. Fabrication and characterization of ZnOnanowires/CdSe/CuSCN eta-solar cell. Comptes Rendus Chimie 2006, 9(5-6):717-729.
416. 2 nanowires synthesized from SnO by carbothermal reduction process. Ceramics International 2008, 34(4):1127-1130.
417. Thitima R., Patcharee C., Takashi S., Susumu Y. Efficient electron transfers in ZnO nanorod arrays with N719 dye for hybrid solar cells. Solid-State Electronics 2009, 53(2):176-180.
418. 2O and CuO. Physical Review B 1982, 26:669.
419. 2-based nanotubes. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2003, 125:12384-12385.
420. 2-coated ZnO nanorods. Applied Surface Science 2007, 253:4748-4752.
421. Tiginyanu I.M., Ursaki V.V., Sirbu L., Enaki M., Monaico E. Novel phosphors based on porous materials. Physica Status Solidi 2009, 6(7):1587-1591.
422. Tokura Y., Takagi H., Uchida S. A superconducting copper oxide compound with electrons as the charge carriers. Nature 1989, 337:345-347.
423. Tong Y., Liu Y., Shao C., et al. Growth and optical properties of faceted hexagonal ZnO nanotubes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2006, 110:14714-14718.
424. Tong Y.H., Liu Y.C., Dong L., et al. Growth and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures by vapor transport process. Materials Chemistry and Physics 2007, 103(1):190-194.
425. Tornow J., Ellmer K., Szarko J., Schwarzburg K. Voltage bias dependency of the space charge capacitance of wet chemically grown ZnO nanorods employed in a dye sensitized photovoltaic cell. Thin Solid Films 2008, 516(20):7139-7143.
426. Traylor J.G., Smith H.G., Nicklow R.M., Wilkinson M.K. Lattice dynamics of rutile. Physical Review B 1971, 3:3457-3472.
427. Nanofabrication: Fundamentals and Applications 2008, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore. A.A. Tseng (Ed.).
428. 3 nanorods by hydrothermal synthesis. Ceramics International 2009, 35(7):2837-2844.
429. Tsuchiya H., Macak J.M., Ghicov A., Schmuki P. Self-organization of anodic nanotubes on two size scales. Small 2006, 2:888-891.
430. 2 nanotubes. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 2006, 77(A):534-541.
431. 2 nanotubes prepared in ammonium fluoride containing acetic acid electrolytes. Electrochemistry Communications 2005, 7(6):576-580.
432. Uchida S., Chiba R., Tomiha M., Masaki N., Shirai M. Application of titania nanotubes to a dye-sensitized solar cell. Electrochemistry 2002, 70(6):418-420.
433. 2 and SnO crystals with controlled morphologies in an aqueous solution system. Crystal Growth and Design 2006, 6(9):2186-2190.
434. Umar A., Al-Hajry A., Hahn Y.B., Kim D.H. Rapid synthesis and dye-sensitized solar cell applications of hexagonal-shaped ZnO nanorods. Electrochimica Acta 2009, 54(23):5358-5362.
435. Umar A., Hahn Y.-B. Metal Oxide Nanostructures and Their Applications 2009, American Scientific Publishers, Valencia, CA.
436. Umar A., Rahman M.M., Hahn Y.B. Ultra-sensitive hydrazine chemical sensor based on high-aspect-ratio ZnO nanowires. Talanta 2009, 77(4):1376-1380.
437. Ursaki V.V., Burlacu A., Rusu E.V., Postolake V., Tiginyanu I.M. Whispering gallery modes and random lasing in ZnO microstructures. Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 2009, 11:075001.
438. Ursaki V.V., Lupan O.I., Chow L., Tiginyanu I.M., Zalamai V.V. Rapid thermal annealing induced change of the mechanism of multiphonon resonant Raman scattering from ZnO nanorods. Solid State Communications 2007, 143(8-9):437-441.
439. Ursaki V.V., Rusu E.V., Sarua A., et al. Optical characterization of hierarchical ZnO structures grown with a simplified vapour transport method. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:215705.
440. Ursaki V.V., Tiginyanu I.M., Sirbu L., Enachi M. Luminescent materials based on semiconductor compound templates for random laser applications. Physica Status Solidi (c) 2009, 6(5):1097-1104.
441. Ursaki V.V., Zalamai V.V., Burlacu A., et al. A comparative study of guided modes and random lasing in ZnO nanorod structures. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2009, 42:095106.
442. Ursaki V.V., Zalamai V.V., Burlacu A., et al. Guided mode lasing in ZnO nanorod structures. Superlattices and Microstructures 2009, 46(3):513-522.
443. Ursaki V.V., Zalamai V.V., Burlacu A., Klingshirn C., Monaico E., Tiginyanu I.M. Random lasing in nanostructured ZnO produced from bulk ZnSe. Semiconductor Science and Technology 2009, 24:085017.
444. Ursaki V.V., Zalamai V.V., Tiginyanu I.M., Burlacu A., Rusu E.V., Klingshirn C. Refractive index dispersion deduced from lasing modes in ZnO microtetrapods. Applied Physics Letters 2009, 95:171101.
445. 3. Sensors and Actuators B 2008, 133(1):228-234.
446. Varghese O.K., Gong D., Paulose M., Ong K.G., Dickey E.C., Grimes C.A. Extreme changes in the electrical resistance of titania nanotubes with hydrogen exposure. Advanced Materials 2003, 15(7-8):624-627.
447. Varghese O.K., Mor G.K., Grimes C.A., Paulose M., Grimes C.A. A titania nanotube-array room-temperature sensor for selective detection of hydrogen at low concentrations. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2004, 4:733-740.
448. Varghese O.K., Paulose M., Grimes C.A. Long vertically aligned titania nanotubes on transparent conducting oxide for highly efficient solar cells. Nature Nanotechnology 2009, 4:592-597.
449. 2 and water vapor to hydrocarbon fuels. Nano Letters 2009, 9(2):731-737.
450. Varghese O.K., Paulose M., Shankar K. Water-photolysis properties of micron-length highly ordered titania nanotube-arrays. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2005, 5(7):1158-11123.
451. Vayssieres L (1995) Précipitation En Milieu Aqueux De Nanoparticules D'oxydés: Modélisation De L'interface Et Contrôle De La Croissance. PhD Thesis, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France, pp. 1-145.
452. Vayssieres L. On the thermodynamic stability of metal oxide nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. International Journal of Nanotechnology 2005, 2(4):411-439.
453. Vayssieres L. Advanced semiconductor nanowires. Comptes Rendus Chimie 2006, 9(5-6):691-701.
454. 2 nanorod arrays from controlled aqueous growth. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2004, 43(28):3666-3670.
455. Vayssieres L., Hagfeldt A., Lindquist S.E. Purpose-built metal oxide nanomaterials. The emergence of a new generation of smart materials. Pure and Applied Chemistry 2000, 72(1-2):47-52.
456. Vayssieres L., Keis K., Lindquist S.E., Hagfeldt A. Purpose-built anisotropic metal oxide material: 3D highly oriented microrod array of ZnO. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2001, 105(17):3350-3352.
457. Vergés M.A., Mifsud A., Serna C.J. Formation of rod-like zinc oxide microcrystals in homogeneous solutions. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1990, 86:959-963.
458. 2 nanotubes using heat treatment in ammonia. Electrochemistry Communications 2006, 8(4):544-548.
459. 3 nanowires for gas sensors: Morphology and sensing characterization. Thin Solid Films 2007, 515(23):8356-8359.
460. Wagner R.S., Ellis W.C. Vapor-liquid-solid mechanism of single crystal growth. Applied Physical Letters 1964, 4:89.
461. 2S down to ppb levels at room temperature using sensors based on ZnO nanorods. Sensors and Actuators B 2006, 113:320-323.
462. Wang C., Mao B., Wang E., Kang Z., Tian C. Solution synthesis of ZnO nanotubes via a template-free hydrothermal route. Solid State Communications 2007, 141(11):620-623.
463. 2 nanotubes by incorporating CdS nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:295601.
464. Wang G.X., Park J.S., Park M.S., Gou X.L. Synthesis and high gas sensitivity of tin oxide nanotubes. Sensors and Actuators B 2008, 131:313-317.
465. Wang H.T., Kang B.S., Ren F., et al. Detection of hydrogen at room temperature with catalyst-coated multiple ZnO nanorods. Applied Physics A 2005, 81(6):1117-1119.
466. Wang H.T., Kang B.S., Ren F., et al. Hydrogen-selective sensing at room temperature with ZnO nanorods. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 86:243503-243505.
467. 2 nanotube arrays with ultrahigh aspect ratio via electrochemical anodization. Chemical Materials 2008, 20(4):1257-1261.
468. Wang J.G., Tian M.L., Kumar N., Mallouk T.E. Controllable template synthesis of superconducting Zn nanowires with different microstructures by electrochemical deposition. Nano Letters 2005, 5(7):1247-1253.
469. 2 gas. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:465501.
470. Wang J.X., Sun X.W., Yang Y., et al. Hydrothermally grown oriented ZnO nanorod arrays for gas sensing applications. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:4995-4998.
471. 2 nanotube catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 2005, 178(6):1996-2000.
472. Wang N., Cai Y., Zhang R.Q. Growth of nanowires. Materials Science and Engineering: R 2008, 60(1-6):1-51.
473. Wang R.C., Liu C.P., Huang J.L. ZnO hexagonal arrays of nanowires grown on nanorods. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 86:251104.
474. Wang W., Huang H., Li Z., et al. Zinc oxide nanofiber gas sensors via electrospinning. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 2008, 91:3817-3819.
475. 2 nanowires by oxidizing SnO nanoparticles in flux. Journal of Crystal Growth 2008, 310(2):351-355.
476. Wang X., Song J., Wang Z.L. Single-crystal nanocastles of ZnO. Chemical Physics Letters 2006, 424(1-3):86-90.
477. Wang X., Zhang J., Zhu Z. Ammonia sensing characteristics of ZnO nanowires studied by quartz crystal microbalance. Applied Surface Science 2006, 252(6):2404-2411.
478. 2 (B) nanotubes. Applied Physics Letters 2007, 91(14). 143102-1.
479. 2 nanoparticles. Journal of Materials Science 1999, 34(15):3721-3729.
480. 2 nanoparticle composite film electrodes. Materials Letters 2009, 63(12):1102-1104.
481. Wang Y.G., Clement Y., Lau S.P., Yu S.F., Tay B.K. Ultraviolet lasing of ZnO whiskers prepared by catalyst-free thermal evaporation. Chemical Physics Letters 2003, 377:329-332.
482. Wang Z.L. Functional oxide nanobelts: Materials, properties and potential applications in nanosystems and biotechnology. Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 2004, 55:159-196.
483. Wang Z.L. Zinc oxide nanostructures: Growth, properties and applications. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2004, 16:R829-R858.
484. Wang Z.L., Liu Y., Zhang Z. Handbook of Nanophase and Nanostructured Materials 2003, vol. 3:163. Springer, Berlin.
485. Wang Z.L., Pan Z.W. Junctions and networks of SnO nanoribbons. Advanced Materials 2002, 14(15):1029-1032.
486. Wei A., Sun X.W., Wang J.X. Enzymatic glucose biosensor based on ZnO nanorod array grown by hydrothermal decomposition. Applied Physics Letters 2006, 89:123902.
487. 2 nanorod assemblies and their application for photovoltaic devices. Chemical Materials 2006, 18(21):5080-5087.
488. 2. Physical Review Letters 1995, 74:964-967.
489. Westin G., Eksrand A., Nygren M., Osterlund R., Merkelbach P. Preparation of ZnO-based varistors by the sol-gel technique. Journal of Materials Chemistry 1994, 4:615-621.
490. Wiersma D.S., van Albada M.P., Lagendijk A. An accurate technique to record the angular distribution of backscattered light. Review of Scientific Instruments 1995, 66(12):5473-5476.
491. Willander M., Nur O., Zhao Q.X., et al. Zinc oxide nanorod based photonic devices: Recent progress in growth, light emitting diodes and lasers. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:332001.
492. 2 nanotubes: An experimental study in the pig. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 2009, 89(1):165-171.
493. Wu D., Zhang Q., Tao M. LSDA+U study of cupric oxides: Electronic structures and native point defects. Physical Review B 2006, 73:235206.
494. 2 nanowires. Materials Research Bulletin 2004, 39(7-8):1023-1028.
495. 2 nanowires. Thin Solid Films 2009, 517:3870-3873.
496. 2 nanowires grown by thermal evaporation. Journal of Electrochemical Society 2005, 152:G613.
497. Wu K.H., Lu S.Y. Fabrication of array of nanoporous tin oxide nanorods with electrochemical processes. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 2005, 8(4):D9-D11.
498. 2 thin films. Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing 2005, 81:1411.
499. Wu Q., Chen X., Zhang P., et al. Amino acid-assisted synthesis of ZnO hierarchical architectures and their novel photocatalytic activities. Crystal Growth and Design 2008, 8:3010-3018.
500. Wu W., Cui S., Yang C., Hu G., Wu H. Electrochemically superfilling of n-type ZnO nanorod arrays with p-type CuSCN semiconductor. Electrochemistry Communications 2009, 11(9):1736-1739.
501. 2 nanotubes, nanowires and nanorods with high visible light photocatalytic activity. Nanotechnology 2009, 20:235701.
502. Xia L., Yang B., Fu Z., et al. High-yield solvothermal synthesis of single-crystalline tin oxide tetragonal prism nanorods. Materials Letters 2007, 61(4-5):1214-1217.
503. Xia Y., Yang P., Sun Y., et al. One-dimensional nanostructures: Synthesis, characterization, and applications. Advanced Materials 2003, 15(5):353-389.
504. Xiang X., Cao C.B., Guo Y.J., Zhu H.S. A simple method to synthesize gallium oxide nanosheets and nanobelts. Chemical Physics Letters 2003, 378:660.
505. Xiao J., Zhang W., Wu Y., Sun H. Controlled growth of ZnO torch-like nanostructure arrays. Crystal Research and Technology 2008, 43(6):634-639.
506. Xing Y.J., Xi Z.H., Xue Z.Q., et al. Optical properties of the ZnO nanotubes synthesized via vapor phase growth. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 83:1689.
507. 4 precursor. Scripta Materialia 2002, 46(11):789-792.
508. 2 nanorods. Solid State Communications 2003, 125(6):301-304.
509. Xu F., Yu K., Li G., Li Q., Zhu Z. Synthesis and field emission of four kinds of ZnO nanostructures: Nanosleeve-fishes, radial nanowire arrays, nanocombs and nanoflowers. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:2855-2859.
510. Xu J., Yu K., Wu J., et al. Synthesis, field emission and humidity sensing characteristic of honeycomb-like CuO. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2009, 42:075417.
511. Xu J., Zhang Y., Chen Y., Xiang Q., Pan Q., Shi L. Uniform ZnO nanorods can be used to improve the response of ZnO gas sensor. Material Science and Engineering: B 2008, 150(1):55-60.
512. 2. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter 1989, 40(11):7939-7947.
513. Xu L., Liao Q., Zhang J., Ai X., Xu D. Single-crystalline ZnO nanotube arrays on conductive glass substrates by selective disolution of electrodeposited ZnO nanorods. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2007, 111:4549-4552.
514. 2 gas-sensing properties. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2008, 130(2):802-808.
515. Xu W.Z., Ye Z.Z., Ma D.W., et al. Quasi-aligned ZnO nanotubes grown on Si substrates. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 87(9):93110-93113.
516. 3 nanoleaves. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 2009, 41(5):806-811.
517. 2. Journal of Materials Science Letters 2002, 21(1):33-35.
518. Yamashita H., Ichihashi Y., Takeuchi M., Kishiguchi S., Anpo M. Characterization of metal ion-implanted titanium oxide photocatalysts operating under visible light irradiation. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 1999, 6:451-452.
519. 2 nanotube arrays for highly efficient and recyclable photocatalysts. Small 2009, 5(20):2260-2264.
520. Yang J.H., Zheng J.H., Zhai H.J., et al. Growth mechanism and optical properties of ZnO nanotube by the hydrothermal method on Si substrates. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009, 475(1-2):741-744.
521. 2 nanowires growth. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2007, 122(1):269-273.
522. Yang P.D., Yan H.Q., Mao S., et al. Controlled growth of ZnO nanowires and their optical properties. Advanced Materials 2002, 12:323-331.
523. Yang Y., Wang X., Li L. Crystallization and phase transition of titanium oxide nanotube arrays. Journal of American Ceramic Society 2008, 91(2):632-635.
524. 2 nanotube arrays by anodization. Journal of American Ceramic Society 2008, 91(9):3086-3089.
525. Yang Y.H., Wang B., Yang G.W. Growth mechanisms of one-dimensional zinc oxide hierarchical structures. Nanotechnology 2006, 17:5556-5560.
526. Yang Z., Li L.M., Wan Q., Liu Q.H., Wang T.H. High-performance ethanol sensing based on an aligned assembly of ZnO nanorods. Sensors and Actuators B 2008, 135:57-60.
527. 2 nanotubes. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 82:281.
528. Yi G.C., Wang C., Park W. ZnO nanorods: Synthesis, characterization and applications. Semiconductor Science and Technology 2005, 20:S22-S34.
529. 2 nanowires on the surface of Au-coated Sn grains using water-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Chemical Physics Letters 2009, 471(1-3):11-16.
530. 2 nanotube arrays. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:495608.
531. 2 nanowhiskers. Materials Letters 2005, 59(13):1670-1672.
532. 2 nanotube arrays. Nanotechnology 2008, 19:255202.
533. 2 nanotubes. Materials Science and Engineering: B 2007, 139(2-3):197-200.
534. Yun M., Myung N.V., Vasquez R.P., Lee C., Menke E., Penner R.M. Electrochemically grown wires for individually addressable sensor arrays. Nano Letters 2004, 4:419-422.
535. Zaban A., Greenshtein M., Bisquert J. Determination of the electron lifetime in nanocrystalline dye solar cells by open-circuit voltage decay measurements. European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry 2003, 4:859-864.
536. Zalamai V.V., Ursaki V.V., Klingshirn C., Kalt H., Emelchenko G.A., Redkin A.N. Lasing with guided modes in ZnO nanorods and nanowires. Applied Physics B 2009, 97:817-823.
537. Zang Y., Russo R.E., Mao S.M. Quantum efficiency of ZnO nanowire nanolasers. Applied Physics Letters 2005, 87:043106.
538. Zeng Y.J., Ye Z.Z., Xu W.Z., Zhu L.P., Zhao B.H. Well-aligned ZnO nanowires grown on Si substrate via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Applied Surface Science 2005, 250(1-4):280-283.
539. Zhang B.P., Binh N.T., Wakatsuki K., et al. Formation of highly aligned ZnO tubes on sapphire (0001) substrates. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 84:4098.
540. Zhang D., Li C., Han S., et al. Ultraviolet photodetection properties of indium oxide nanowires. Applied Physics A 2003, 77:163-166.
541. 2 nanorods. Advanced Materials 2003, 15(12):1022-1025.
542. 3 nanowires. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 82:112-114.
543. Zhang F., Bei F.L., Cao J.M., Wang X. The preparation of CdO nanowires from solid-state transformation of a layered metal-organic framework. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 2008, 181(1):143-149.
544. 3 nanocubes. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2009, 141(2):381-389.
545. 2(100) substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 2007, 46:L730-L732.
546. Zhang H., Yang D., Ma X., Ji Y., Xu J., Que D. Synthesis of flower-like ZnO nanostructures by an organic-free hydrothermal process. Nanotechnology 2004, 15:622-626.
547. 2 photoanodes. Physical Chemistry 2008, 9(1):117-123.
548. 2O and CuO nanospheres: Preparation and applications for sensitive gas sensors. Chemistry of Materials 2006, 18(4):867-871.
549. Zhang J., Sun L.D., Yin J.L., Su H.L., Liao C.S., Yan C.H. Control of ZnO morphology via a simple solution route. Chemistry of Materials 2002, 14(10):4172-4177.
550. 2 nanotube array. Water Research 2009, 43(7):1986-1992.
551. 2 nanoparticles immobilized on ZnO tetrapods as a highly efficient and easily recyclable photocatalyst. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2007, 76(1-2):168-173.
552. Zhang X., Gu A., Wang G., Wang W., Wu H., Fang B. Seed-mediated preparation of CuO nanoflowers and their application as hydrazine sensor. Chemistry Letters 2009, 38(5):466.
553. Zhang X.Y., Zhang L.D., Chen W., et al. Electrochemical fabrication of highly ordered semiconductor and metallic nanowire arrays. Chemistry of Materials 2001, 13(8):2511-2515.
554. 2 nanotubes for humidity sensing. Applied Surface Science 2008, 254(17):5545-5547.
555. 2 nanofibers. Sensors and Actuators B 2008, 132(1):67-73.
556. 3 nanowires and nanobelts. Journal of Nanomaterials 2008, 1:1.
557. Zhang Y., Wang N.L., Gao S.P., et al. A simple method to synthesize nanowires. Chemistry of Materials 2002, 14(8):3564-3568.
558. 2 nanotube photocatalyst suspensions. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2006, 145(3):424-430.
559. Zhao Q.X., Klason P., Willander M. Growth of ZnO nanostructures by vapor-liquid-solid method. Applied Physics A 2007, 88:27-30.
560. 3 nanotube arrays. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 2009, 42:225106.
561. 2 nanowire array embedded in anodic alumina membrane. Chemistry of Materials 2001, 13:3859.
562. Zheng M.J., Zhang L.D., Li G.H., Shen W.Z. Fabrication and optical properties of large-scale uniform zinc oxide nanowire arrays by one-step electrochemical deposition technique. Chemical Physics Letters 2002, 363(1-2):123-128.
563. Zhou X.F., Hu Z.L., Chen Y., Shang H.Y. Microscale sphere assembly of ZnO nanotubes. Materials Research Bulletin 2008, 43(10):2790-2798.
564. 2 nanotube prepared by the hydrothermal process. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 2003, 150(9):A1246-A1249.
565. 2 nanotubes arrays. Nano Letters 2007, 7:69-74.
566. 2 nanotube arrays: Reducing the dimensionality of transport and recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Letters 2007, 7(12):3739-3746.
567. Zhu L., Yang H., Jin D., Zhu H. Hydrothermal synthesis of SnO nanoflakes as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Inorganic Materials 2007, 43:1307-1312.
568. Zwilling V., Aucouturier M., Darque-Ceretti E. Anodic oxidation of titanium and TA6V alloy in chromic media: An electrochemical approach. Electrochimica Acta 1999, 45(6):921-929.