Electrochemical Synthesis of Photoelectrodes and Catalysts for Use in Solar Water Splitting

Chemical Reviews

Volumn 115, Issue 23, 2015, Pages 12839-12887

  Kang, Donghyeon ^a   Kim, Tae Woo ^a   Kubota, Stephen R ^a   Cardiel, Allison C ^a   Cha, Hyun Gil ^a   Choi, Kyoung Shin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATALYSTS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ELECTRODEPOSITION; ELECTRODES; FIELD EMISSION CATHODES; HYDROGEN PRODUCTION; PHOTOCATHODES; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS; INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS; N-TYPE SEMICONDUCTORS; P TYPE SEMICONDUCTOR; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTING; PHOTOEXCITED ELECTRONS; SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRODE; SOLAR WATER SPLITTING;

ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODES;

EID: 84949595667     PISSN: 00092665     EISSN: 15206890     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00498     Document Type: Review

References (461)

1. Fujishima, A.; Honda, K. Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode Nature 1972, 238, 37-38 10.1038/238037a0
2. Walter, M. G.; Warren, E. L.; McKone, J. R.; Boettcher, S. W.; Mi, Q.; Santori, E. A.; Lewis, N. S. Solar Water Splitting Cells Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6446-6473 10.1021/cr1002326
3. Grätzel, M. Photoelectrochemical Cells Nature 2001, 414, 338-344 10.1038/35104607
4. U.S. Department of Energy, Hydrogen andFuel Cells Program((2005): Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Activities, Progress, and Plans (www.hydrogen.energy.gov/congress-reports.html)
5. Therese, G. H. A.; Kamath, P. V. Electrochemical Synthesis of Metal Oxides and Hydroxides Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 1195-1204 10.1021/cm990447a
6. Choi, K.-S.; Jang, H. S.; McShane, C. M.; Read, C. G.; Seabold, J. A. Electrochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Polycrystalline Electrodes with Controlled Architectures MRS Bull. 2010, 35, 753-760 10.1557/mrs2010.504
7. Zeng, M.; Li, Y. Recent Advances in Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 14942-14962 10.1039/C5TA02974K
8. Zou, X.; Zhang, Y. Noble Metal-Free Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts for Water Splitting Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 5148-5180 10.1039/C4CS00448E
9. Conway, B. E.; Salomon, M. Electrochemical Reaction Orders: Applications to the Hydrogen- and Oxygen-Evolution Reactions Electrochim. Acta 1964, 9, 1599-1615 10.1016/0013-4686(64)80088-8
10. Bockris, J. O. M.; Potter, E. C. The Mechanism of the Cathodic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction J. Electrochem. Soc. 1952, 99, 169-186 10.1149/1.2779692
11. Trasatti, S. Work Function, Electronegativity, and Electrochemical Behaviour of Metals III. Electrolytic Hydrogen Evolution in Acid Solutions J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1972, 39, 163-184 10.1016/S0022-0728(72)80485-6
12. Feltham, A. M.; Spiro, M. Platinized Platinum Electrodes Chem. Rev. 1971, 71, 177-193 10.1021/cr60270a002
13. Simonov, A. N.; Cherstiouk, O. V.; Vassiliev, S. Y.; Zaikovskii, V. I.; Filatov, A. Y.; Rudina, N. A.; Savinova, E. R.; Tsirlina, G. A. Potentiostatic Electrodeposition of Pt on GC and on HOPG at Low Loadings: Analysis of the Deposition Transients and the Structure of Pt Deposits Electrochim. Acta 2014, 150, 279-289 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.098
14. Shimazu, K.; Weisshaar, D.; Kuwana, T. Electrochemical Dispersion of Pt Microparticles on Glassy Carbon Electrodes J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1987, 223, 223-234 10.1016/0022-0728(87)85262-2
15. Lau, A. L. Y.; Hubbard, A. T. Study of the Kinetics of Electrochemical Reactions by Thin-Layer Voltammetry: III. Electroreduction of the Chloride Complexes of Platinum(II) and (IV) J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1970, 24, 237-249 10.1016/S0022-0728(70)80148-6
16. Yasin, H. M.; Denuault, G.; Pletcher, D. Studies of the Electrodeposition of Platinum Metal from a Hexachloroplatinic Acid Bath J. Electroanal. Chem. 2009, 633, 327-332 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.06.020
17. El Sawy, E. N.; Birss, V. I. A Comparative Study of the Electrodeposition of Nanoporous Ir and Pt Thin Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 2013, 160, D386-D393 10.1149/2.079309jes
18. Uosaki, K.; Ye, S.; Naohara, H.; Oda, Y.; Haba, T.; Kondo, T. Electrochemical Epitaxial Growth of a Pt(111) Phase on an Au(111) Electrode J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 7566-7572 10.1021/jp9717406
19. Bicelli, L. P.; Bozzini, B.; Mele, C.; D'Urzo, L. A Review of Nanostructural Aspects of Metal Electrodeposition Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2008, 3, 356-408
20. Budevski, E.; Staikov, G.; Lorenz, W. J. Electrocrystallization: Nucleation and Growth Phenomena Electrochim. Acta 2000, 45, 2559-2574 10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00353-4
21. Penner, R. M. Mesoscopic Metal Particles and Wires by Electrodeposition J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 3339-3353 10.1021/jp013219o
22. Zoval, J. V.; Lee, J.; Gorer, S.; Penner, R. M. Electrochemical Preparation of Platinum Nanocrystallites with Size Selectivity on Basal Plane Oriented Graphite Surfaces J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 1166-1175 10.1021/jp9731967
23. Waibel, H.-F.; Kleinert, M.; Kibler, L. A.; Kolb, D. M. Initial Stages of Pt Deposition on Au(111) and Au(100) Electrochim. Acta 2002, 47, 1461-1467 10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00861-1
24. Zubimendi, J. L.; Vázquez, L.; Ocón, P.; Vara, J. M.; Triaca, W. E.; Salvarezza, R. C.; Arvia, A. J. Early Stages of Platinum Electrodeposition on Highly Oriented Pyrolitic Graphite: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Imaging and Reaction Pathway J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 5095-5102 10.1021/j100121a041
25. Plyasova, L. M.; Molina, I. Y.; Gavrilov, A. N.; Cherepanova, S. V.; Cherstiouk, O. V.; Rudina, N. A.; Savinova, E. R.; Tsirlina, G. A. Electrodeposited Platinum Revisited: Tuning Nanostructure via the Deposition Potential Electrochim. Acta 2006, 51, 4477-4488 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.12.027
26. Liu, Y.; Gokcen, D.; Bertocci, U.; Moffat, T. P. Self-Terminating Growth of Platinum Films by Electrochemical Deposition Science 2012, 338, 1327-1330 10.1126/science.1228925
27. Herrasti, P.; Diaz, R.; Ocón, P. Characterization of Poly-o-Toluidine. Electrodeposition of Platinum and Palladium into Polymer Films for Electrocatalysis New J. Chem. 1993, 17, 279-285
28. Kost, K. M.; Bartak, D. E.; Kazee, B.; Kuwana, T. Electrodeposition of Platinum Microparticles into Polyaniline Films with Electrocatalytic Applications Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 2379-2384 10.1021/ac00172a012
29. Bartak, D. E.; Kazee, B.; Shimazu, K.; Kuwana, T. Electrodeposition and Characterization of Platinum Microparticles in Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Film Electrodes Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 2756-2761 10.1021/ac00126a038
30. Trueba, M.; Trasatti, S. P.; Trasatti, S. Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution of Polypyrrole Films Modified with Noble Metal Particles Mater. Chem. Phys. 2006, 98, 165-171 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.09.031
31. Attard, G. S.; Bartlett, P. N.; Coleman, N. R. B.; Elliott, J. M.; Owen, J. R.; Wang, J. H. Mesoporous Platinum Films from Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Phases Science 1997, 278, 838-840 10.1126/science.278.5339.838
32. Choi, K.-S.; McFarland, E. W.; Stucky, G. D. Electrocatalytic Properties of Thin Mesoporous Platinum Films Synthesized Utilizing Potential-Controlled Surfactant Assembly Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 2018-2021 10.1002/adma.200304557
33. Bartlett, P. N.; Baumberg, J. J.; Birkin, P. R.; Ghanem, M. A.; Netti, M. C. Highly Ordered Macroporous Gold and Platinum Films Formed by Electrochemical Deposition through Templates Assembled from Submicron Diameter Monodisperse Polystyrene Spheres Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 2199-2208 10.1021/cm011272j
34. Liu, H.; He, P.; Li, Z.; Li, J. High Surface Area Nanoporous Platinum: Facile Fabrication and Electrocatalytic Activity Nanotechnology 2006, 17, 2167-2173 10.1088/0957-4484/17/9/015
35. Pourbaix, M. Atlas of electrochemical equilibria in aqueous solutions, 2nd ed.; National Association of Corrosion Engineers: Houston, TX, 1974.
36. Epelboin, I.; Joussellin, M.; Wiart, R. Impedance Measurements for Nickel Deposition in Sulfate and Chloride Electrolytes J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1981, 119, 61-71 10.1016/S0022-0728(81)80124-6
37. Epelboin, I.; Wiart, R. Mechanism of the Electrocrystallization of Nickel and Cobalt in Acidic Solution J. Electrochem. Soc. 1971, 118, 1577-1582 10.1149/1.2407788
38. Saraby-Reintjes, A.; Fleischmann, M. Kinetics of Electrodeposition of Nickel from Watts Baths Electrochim. Acta 1984, 29, 557-566 10.1016/0013-4686(84)87109-1
39. Torabi, M.; Dolati, A. A Kinetic Study on the Electrodeposition of Nickel Nanostructure and Its Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction J. Appl. Electrochem. 2010, 40, 1941-1947 10.1007/s10800-010-0170-2
40. Marozzi, C. A.; Chialvo, A. C. Development of Electrode Morphologies of Interest in Electrocatalysis. Part 1: Electrodeposited Porous Nickel Electrodes Electrochim. Acta 2000, 45, 2111-2120 10.1016/S0013-4686(99)00422-3
41. Chu, S.-Z.; Wada, K.; Inoue, S.; Todoroki, S.-I. Fabrication and Characteristics of Ordered Ni Nanostructures on Glass by Anodization and Direct Current Electrodeposition Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 4595-4602 10.1021/cm020272w
42. Yin, A. J.; Li, J.; Jian, W.; Bennett, A. J.; Xu, J. M. Fabrication of Highly Ordered Metallic Nanowire Arrays by Electrodeposition Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 79, 1039-1041 10.1063/1.1389765
43. Marozzi, C. A.; Chialvo, A. C. Development of Electrode Morphologies of Interest in Electrocatalysis Part 2: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Macroporous Nickel Electrodes Electrochim. Acta 2001, 46, 861-866 10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00670-8
44. Savadogo, O.; Carrier, F. The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Basic Medium on Iron Electrodeposited with Heteropolyacids J. Appl. Electrochem. 1992, 22, 437-442 10.1007/BF01077546
45. Rojas, M.; Fan, C. L.; Miao, H. J.; Piron, D. L. Characterization of Hydrogen Evolution on Cobalt Electrodeposits in Water Electrolysis J. Appl. Electrochem. 1992, 22, 1135-1141 10.1007/BF01297414
46. DeCarvalho, J.; Filho, G. T.; Avaca, L. A.; Gonzalez, E. R. Electrodeposits of Iron and Nickel-Iron for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Solutions Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 1989, 14, 161-165 10.1016/0360-3199(89)90049-9
47. Lupi, C.; Dell'Era, A.; Pasquali, M. Nickel-Cobalt Electrodeposited Alloys for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 2101-2106 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.01.015
48. Correia, A. N.; Machado, S. A. S.; Avaca, L. A. Studies of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Smooth Co and Electrodeposited Ni-Co Ultramicroelectrodes Electrochem. Commun. 1999, 1, 600-604 10.1016/S1388-2481(99)00122-8
49. Solmaz, R.; Kardaş, G. Electrochemical Deposition and Characterization of NiFe Coatings as Electrocatalytic Materials for Alkaline Water Electrolysis Electrochim. Acta 2009, 54, 3726-3734 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.01.064
50. Navarro-Flores, E.; Chong, Z.; Omanovic, S. Characterization of Ni, NiMo, NiW and NiFe Electroactive Coatings as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution in an Acidic Medium J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 2005, 226, 179-197 10.1016/j.molcata.2004.10.029
51. Jaksic, M. M. Hypo-Hyper-d-Electronic Interactive Nature of Interionic Synergism in Catalysis and Electrocatalysis for Hydrogen Reactions Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2001, 26, 559-578 10.1016/S0360-3199(00)00120-8
52. Highfield, J. G.; Claude, E.; Oguro, K. Electrocatalytic Synergism in Ni/Mo Cathodes for Hydrogen Evolution in Acidic Medium: A New Model Electrochim. Acta 1999, 44, 2805-2814 10.1016/S0013-4686(98)00403-4
53. Podlaha, E. J.; Landolt, D. Induced Codeposition I. An Experimental Investigation of Ni-Mo Alloys J. Electrochem. Soc. 1996, 143, 885-892 10.1149/1.1836553
54. Podlaha, E. J.; Landolt, D. Induced Codeposition III. Molybdenum Alloys with Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 144, 1672-1680 10.1149/1.1837658
55. Krstajić, N. V.; Jović, V. D.; Gajić-Krstajić, L.; Jović, B. M.; Antozzi, A. L.; Martelli, G. N. Electrodeposition of Ni-Mo Alloy Coatings and Their Characterization as Cathodes for Hydrogen Evolution in Sodium Hydroxide Solution Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 3676-3687 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.04.039
56. Hong, S. H.; Ahn, S. H.; Choi, J.; Kim, J. Y.; Kim, H. Y.; Kim, H.-J.; Jang, J. H.; Kim, H.; Kim, S.-K. High-Activity Electrodeposited NiW Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Water Electrolysis Appl. Surf. Sci. 2015, 349, 629-635 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.05.040
57. Sanches, L. S.; Domingues, S. H.; Marino, C. E. B.; Mascaro, L. H. Characterisation of Electrochemically Deposited Ni-Mo Alloy Coatings Electrochem. Commun. 2004, 6, 543-548 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.04.002
58. Lucatero, S.; Tamayo, G.; Crespo, D.; Mariño, E.; Videa, M. NiMo Nanoparticles Electrodeposited by Pulsed Current and Their Catalytic Properties for Hydrogen Production J. New Mater. Electrochem. Syst. 2013, 16, 177-182
59. Videa, M.; Crespo, D.; Casillas, G.; Zavala, G. Electrodeposition of Nickel-Molybdenum Nanoparticles for Their use as Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction J. New Mater. Electrochem. Syst. 2010, 13, 239-244
60. Wang, Y.; Zhang, G.; Xu, W.; Wan, P.; Lu, Z.; Li, Y.; Sun, X. A 3D Nanoporous Ni-Mo Electrocatalyst with Negligible Overpotential for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution ChemElectroChem 2014, 1, 1138-1144 10.1002/celc.201402089
61. 2 Composite Cathodes of Large Effective Area Electrochim. Acta 2007, 52, 8055-8063 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.06.083
62. Hu, C.-C.; Huang, Y.-H. Cyclic Voltammetric Deposition of Hydrous Ruthenium Oxide for Electrochemical Capacitors J. Electrochem. Soc. 1999, 146, 2465-2471 10.1149/1.1391956
63. 3 Solution Electrochim. Acta 2007, 52, 2625-2653 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.09.018
64. Zhitomirsky, I.; Gal-Or, L. Ruthenium Oxide Deposits Prepared by Cathodic Electrosynthesis Mater. Lett. 1997, 31, 155-159 10.1016/S0167-577X(96)00262-5
65. Hu, C.-C.; Liu, M.-J.; Chang, K.-H. Anodic Deposition of Hydrous Ruthenium Oxide for Supercapacitors J. Power Sources 2007, 163, 1126-1131 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.09.060
66. 2 Co-Deposited Electrodes for Hydrogen Evolution Electrochim. Acta 2000, 45, 4195-4202 10.1016/S0013-4686(00)00546-6
67. 2) Active Cathodes for Hydrogen Evolution in Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis Electrochim. Acta 1995, 40, 977-982 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00006-Z
68. 2 Electrodes in Alkaline Solutions J. New Mater. Electrochem. Syst. 1999, 2, 71-78
69. 2 Loaded into Porous Ni as a Synergistic Catalyst for Hydrogen Production RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 20521-20526 10.1039/c4ra01379d
70. 2 Mixed Oxide Electrodes Electrochim. Acta 1994, 39, 1803-1808 10.1016/0013-4686(94)85168-9
71. 2 Evolution by Thermally Prepared Ruthenium Oxide. Effect of Precursors: Nitrate vs. Chloride J. Electroanal. Chem. 2007, 600, 103-112 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.04.017
72. Pecoraro, T. A.; Chianelli, R. R. Hydrodesulfurization Catalysis by Transition Metal Sulfides J. Catal. 1981, 67, 430-445 10.1016/0021-9517(81)90303-1
73. Laursen, A. B.; Kegnaes, S.; Dahl, S.; Chorkendorff, I. Molybdenum Sulfides-Efficient and Viable Materials for Electro- and Photoelctrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5577-5591 10.1039/c2ee02618j
74. 2 Thin Flms by Reduction of Tetrathiomolybdate Thin Solid Films 1996, 280, 86-89 10.1016/0040-6090(95)08204-2
75. x-Based Thin Films Obtained by Electrochemical Reduction Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56, 2433-2442 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.065
76. 2 Thin Films Thin Solid Films 2000, 361-362, 223-228 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)00838-X
77. Murugesan, S.; Akkineni, A.; Chou, B. P.; Glaz, M. S.; Bout, D. A. V.; Stevenson, K. J. Room Temperature Electrodeposition of Molybdenum Sulfide for Catalytic and Photoluminesence Applications ACS Nano 2013, 7, 8199-8205 10.1021/nn4036624
78. Abbott, A. P.; McKenzie, K. J. Application of Ionic Liquids to the Electrodeposition of Metals Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2006, 8, 4265-4279 10.1039/b607329h
79. 2 Nanoparticles as Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 5308-5309 10.1021/ja0504690
80. 2 Nanocatalysts Science 2007, 317, 100-102 10.1126/science.1141483
81. Merki, D.; Fierro, S.; Vrubel, H.; Hu, X. Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide Films as Catalysts for Electrochemical Hydrogen Production in Water Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 1262-1267 10.1039/C1SC00117E
82. Vrubel, H.; Hu, X. Growth and Activation of an Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide Hydrogen Evolving Catalyst ACS Catal. 2013, 3, 2002-2011 10.1021/cs400441u
83. Bélanger, D.; Laperrière, G.; Marsan, B. The Electrodeposition of Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide J. Electroanal. Chem. 1993, 347, 165-183 10.1016/0022-0728(93)80086-W
84. 2-Based Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts J. Catal. 1999, 187, 109-122 10.1006/jcat.1999.2598
85. Merki, D.; Vrubel, H.; Rovelli, L.; Fierro, S.; Hu, X. Fe, Co, and Ni Ions Promote the Catalytic Activity of Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide Films for Hydrogen Evolution Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 2515-2525 10.1039/c2sc20539d
86. 2 Production J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 13662-13668 10.1039/c2jm31916k
87. Kong, D.; Cha, J. J.; Wang, H.; Lee, H. R.; Cui, Y. First-Row Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 3553-3558 10.1039/c3ee42413h
88. Kowalik, R.; Zabiński, P.; Fitzner, K. Electrodeposition of ZnSe Electrochim. Acta 2008, 53, 6184-6190 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.12.009
89. Thanikaikarasan, S.; Mahalingam, T.; Sundaram, K.; Kathalingam, A.; Kim, Y. D.; Kim, T. Growth and Characterization of Electrosynthesized Iron Selenide Thin Films Vacuum 2009, 83, 1066-1072 10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.01.004
90. Natarajan, C.; Sharon, M.; Lévy-Clément, C.; Neumann-Spallart, M. Electrodeposition of Zinc Selenide Thin Solid Films 1994, 237, 118-123 10.1016/0040-6090(94)90247-X
91. Liu, F.; Wang, B.; Lai, Y.; Li, J.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, Y. Electrodeposition of Cobalt Selenide Thin Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 2010, 157, D523-D527 10.1149/1.3468675
92. Zhang, Z.; Pang, S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, X.; Liu, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhou, X.; Dong, S.; Chen, X. et al. Electrodeposition of Nanostructure Cobalt Selenide Films towards High Perfomance Counter Electrodes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 16528-16533 10.1039/c3ra42360c
93. Carim, A. I.; Saadi, F. H.; Soriaga, M. P.; Lewis, N. S. Electrocatalysis of the Hydrogen-Evolution Reaction by Electrodeposited Amorphous Cobalt Selenide Films J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 13835-13839 10.1039/C4TA02611J
94. Zainal, Z.; Saravanan, N.; Mien, H. L. Electrodeposition of Nickel Selenide Thin Films in the Presence of Triethanolamine as a Complexing Agent J. Mater. Sci. 2005, 16, 111-117 10.1007/s10853-005-6460-0
95. 2 Nanoparticles Grown on Carbon Fiber Paper: An Efficient and Stable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 4897-4900 10.1021/ja501497n
96. (x) (Me = Ni, Co and Fe-Ni) Electrodes Electrochim. Acta 1997, 42, 237-242 10.1016/0013-4686(96)00149-1
97. x Alloys Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2000, 25, 627-634 10.1016/S0360-3199(99)00089-0
98. Saadi, F. H.; Carim, A. I.; Verlage, E.; Hemminger, J. C.; Lewis, N. S.; Soriaga, M. P. CoP as an Acid-Stable Active Electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen-Evolution Reaction: Electrochemical Synthesis, Interfacial Characterization and Performance Evaluation J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 29294-29300 10.1021/jp5054452
99. Daly, B. P.; Barry, F. J. Electrochemical Nickel-phosphorus Alloy Formation Int. Mater. Rev. 2003, 48, 326-338 10.1179/095066003225008482
100. Pillai, A. M.; Rajendra, A.; Sharma, A. K. Electrodeposited Nickel-Phosphorous (Ni-P) Alloy Coating: An In-Depth Study of Its Preparation, Properties, and Structural Transitions J. Coat. Technol. Res. 2012, 9, 785-797 10.1007/s11998-012-9411-0
101. Sequeira, C. A. C.; Santos, D. M. F.; Brito, P. S. D. Electrocatalytic Activity of Simple and Modified Fe-P Electrodeposits for Hydrogen Evolution from Alkaline Media Energy 2011, 36, 847-853 10.1016/j.energy.2010.12.030
102. Morikawa, T.; Nakade, T.; Yokoi, M.; Fukumoto, Y.; Iwakura, C. Electrodeposition of Ni-P Alloys from Ni-Citrate Bath Electrochim. Acta 1997, 42, 115-118 10.1016/0013-4686(96)00173-9
103. Jiang, N.; You, B.; Sheng, M.; Sun, Y. Electrodeposited Cobalt-Phosphorous-Derived Films as Competent Bifunctional Catlaysts for Overall Water Splitting Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 6251-6254 10.1002/anie.201501616
104. Brenner, A. Electrodeposition of Alloys Principles and Practice; Academic Press: New York, 1963.
105. Kurowski, A.; Schultze, J. W.; Staikov, G. Initial Stages of Ni-P Electrodeposition: Growth Morphology and Composition of Deposits Electrochem. Commun. 2002, 4, 565-569 10.1016/S1388-2481(02)00372-7
106. Zeller, R. L.; Landau, U. Electrodeposition of Ni-P Amorphous Alloys J. Electrochem. Soc. 1992, 139, 3464-3469 10.1149/1.2069100
107. Harris, T. M.; Dang, Q. D. The Mechanism of Phosphorus Incorporation during the Electrodeposition of Nickel-Phosphorus Alloys J. Electrochem. Soc. 1993, 140, 81-83 10.1149/1.2056114
108. Popczyk, M.; Budniok, A.; Lasia, A. Electrochemical Properties of Ni-P Electrode Materials Modified with Nickel Oxide and Metallic Cobalt Powders Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2005, 30, 265-271 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.03.026
109. McCrory, C. C. L.; Jung, S. H.; Peters, J. C.; Jaramillo, T. F. Benchmarking Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 16977-16987 10.1021/ja407115p
110. Trassati, S. Electrochemistry of Novel Materials; VCH Publishers: New York, 1994.
111. Trassati, S. Interfacial Electrochemistry: Theory, Experiment, and Applications; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1999.
112. Yamanaka, K. Anodically Electrodeposited Iridium Oxide Films (AEIROF) from Alkaline Solutions for Electrochromic Display Devices Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 1989, 28, 632-637 10.1143/JJAP.28.632
113. 2 Nanotube Arrays with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction J. Electroanal. Chem. 2013, 688, 269-274 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.08.032
114. 2 Electrodes for Water Electrolysis Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 16797-16805 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.08.065
115. Blakemore, J. D.; Mara, M. W.; Kushner-Lenhoff, M. N.; Schley, N. D.; Konezny, S. J.; Rivalta, I.; Negre, C. F. A.; Snoeberger, R. C.; Kokhan, O.; Huang, J. et al. Characterization of an Amorphous Iridium Water-Oxidation Catalyst Electrodeposited from Organometallic Precursors Inorg. Chem. 2013, 52, 1860-1871 10.1021/ic301968j
116. Blakemore, J. D.; Schley, N. D.; Olack, G. W.; Incarvito, C. D.; Brudvig, G. W.; Crabtree, R. H. Anodic Deposition of a Robust Iridium-Based Water-Oxidation Catalyst from Organometallic Precursors Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 94-98 10.1039/C0SC00418A
117. 2 Film for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation J. Electroanal. Chem. 2005, 579, 83-88 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.01.030
118. 2: A Composite Anode for Oxygen Evolution from Sulphuric Acid Solution J. Electroanal. Chem. 1999, 465, 160-167 10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00080-7
119. Bertoncello, R.; Cattarin, S.; Frateur, I.; Musiani, M. Preparation of Anodes for Oxygen Evolution by Electrodeposition of Composite Oxides of Pb and Ru on Ti J. Electroanal. Chem. 2000, 492, 145-149 10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00300-4
120. 2 Electrode for Oxygen Evolution in an Aqueous Solution Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56, 2009-2016 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.062
121. Rivera-Vélez, N. E.; Valdez, T.; González, I.; Fachini, E.; Manzo, M.; Cabrera, C. R. Iridium and Ruthenium Electrodeposition at Platinum Nanopowder Using the Rotating Disc Slurry Electrode Technique ECS Trans. 2011, 35, 47-55 10.1149/1.3654201
122. Mohammad, A. M.; Awad, M. I.; El-Deab, M. S.; Okajima, T.; Ohsaka, T. Electrocatalysis by Nanoparticles: Optimization of the Loading Level and Operating pH for the Oxygen Evolution at Crystallographically Oriented Manganese Oxide Nanorods Modified Electrodes Electrochim. Acta 2008, 53, 4351-4358 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.01.081
123. El-Deab, M. S.; Awad, M. I.; Mohammad, A. M.; Ohsaka, T. Enhanced Water Electrolysis: Electrocatalytic Generation of Oxygen Gas at Manganese Oxide Nanorods Modified Electrodes Electrochem. Commun. 2007, 9, 2082-2087 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.06.011
124. Zaharieva, I.; Chernev, P.; Risch, M.; Klingan, K.; Kohlhoff, M.; Fischer, A.; Dau, H. Electrosynthesis, Functional, and Structural Characterization of a Water-Oxidizing Manganese Oxide Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 7081-7089 10.1039/c2ee21191b
125. x Films from Ionic Liquid for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Adv. Energy Mater. 2012, 2, 1013-1021 10.1002/aenm.201100783
126. 4 Electrodeposited Films for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Water J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 14073-14081 10.1021/jp500939d
127. Friebel, D.; Bajdich, M.; Yeo, B. S.; Louie, M. W.; Miller, D. J.; Casalongue, H. S.; Mbuga, F.; Weng, T. C.; Nordlund, D.; Sokaras, D. et al. On the Chemical State of Co Oxide Electrocatalysts during Alkaline Water Splitting Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 17460-17467 10.1039/c3cp52981a
128. Pauporté, T.; Mendoza, L.; Cassir, M.; Bernard, M. C.; Chivot, J. Direct Low-Temperature Deposition of Crystallized CoOOH Films by Potentiostatic Electrolysis J. Electrochem. Soc. 2005, 152, C49-C53 10.1149/1.1842044
129. 2 Films by Electrochemical Reduction of Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) in Alkaline Solution Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 1922-1926 10.1021/cm400579k
130. 4, and Comparison of Their Catalytic Activity for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrochim. Acta 2014, 140, 359-365 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.036
131. 2+ Science 2008, 321, 1072-1075 10.1126/science.1162018
132. Kanan, M. W.; Surendranath, Y.; Nocera, D. G. Cobalt-Phosphate Oxygen-Evolving Compound Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009, 38, 109-114 10.1039/B802885K
133. Risch, M.; Khare, V.; Zaharieva, I.; Gerencser, L.; Chernev, P.; Dau, H. Cobalt-Oxo Core of a Water-Oxidizing Catalyst Film J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6936-6937 10.1021/ja902121f
134. Du, P.; Kokhan, O.; Chapman, K. W.; Chupas, P. J.; Tiede, D. M. Elucidating the Domain Structure of the Cobalt Oxide Water Splitting Catalyst by X-ray Pair Distribution Function Analysis J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 11096-11099 10.1021/ja303826a
135. Surendranath, Y.; Dincə, M.; Nocera, D. G. Electrolyte-Dependent Electrosynthesis and Activity of Cobalt-Based Water Oxidation Catalysts J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 2615-2620 10.1021/ja807769r
136. Risch, M.; Klingan, K.; Ringleb, F.; Chernev, P.; Zaharieva, I.; Fischer, A.; Dau, H. Water Oxidation by Electrodeposited Cobalt Oxides- Role of Anions and Redox-Inert Cations in Structure and Function of the Amorphous Catalyst ChemSusChem 2012, 5, 542-549 10.1002/cssc.201100574
137. Surendranath, Y.; Kanan, M. W.; Nocera, D. G. Mechanistic Studies of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction by a Cobalt-Phosphate Catalyst at Neutral pH J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16501-16509 10.1021/ja106102b
138. Khnayzer, R. S.; Mara, M. W.; Huang, J.; Shelby, M. L.; Chen, L. X.; Castellano, F. N. Structure and Activity of Photochemically Deposited 'CoPi' Oxygen Evolving Catalyst on Titania ACS Catal. 2012, 2, 2150-2160 10.1021/cs3005192
139. Young, E. R.; Nocera, D. G.; Bulović, V. Direct Formation of a Water Oxidation Catalyst from Thin-Film Cobalt Energy Environ. Sci. 2010, 3, 1726-1728 10.1039/c0ee00177e
140. Cobo, S.; Heidkamp, J.; Jacques, P. A.; Fize, J.; Fourmond, V.; Guetaz, L.; Jousselme, B.; Ivanova, V.; Dau, H.; Palacin, S. et al. A Janus Cobalt-Based Catalytic Material for Electro-Splitting of Water Nat. Mater. 2012, 11, 802-807 10.1038/nmat3385
141. Dincə, M.; Surendranath, Y.; Nocera, D. G. Nickel-Borate Oxygen-Evolving Catalyst that Functions under Benign Conditions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2010, 107, 10337-10341 10.1073/pnas.1001859107
142. Risch, M.; Klingan, K.; Heidkamp, J.; Ehrenberg, D.; Chernev, P.; Zaharieva, I.; Dau, H. Nickel-Oxido Structure of a Water-Oxidizing Catalyst Film Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 11912-11914 10.1039/c1cc15072c
143. Bediako, D. K.; Lassalle-Kaiser, B.; Surendranath, Y.; Yano, J.; Yachandra, V. K.; Nocera, D. G. Structure-Activity Correlations in a Nickel-Borate Oxygen Evolution Catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 6801-6809 10.1021/ja301018q
144. Singh, A.; Chang, S. L. Y.; Hocking, R. K.; Bach, U.; Spiccia, L. Highly Active Nickel Oxide Water Oxidation Catalysts Deposited from Molecular Complexes Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 579-586 10.1039/C2EE23862D
145. Kostecki, R.; McLarnon, F. Electrochemical and In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Characterization of Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes: I. Pure Nickel Hydroxide J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 144, 485-493 10.1149/1.1837437
146. Lyons, M. E. G.; Brandon, M. P. The Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Passive Oxide Covered Transition Metal Electrodes in Aqueous Alkaline Solution. Part 1-Nickel Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2008, 3, 1386-1424
147. Louie, M. W.; Bell, A. T. An Investigation of Thin-Film Ni-Fe Oxide Catalysts for the Electrochemical Evolution of Oxygen J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 12329-12337 10.1021/ja405351s
148. Trotochaud, L.; Young, S. L.; Ranney, J. K.; Boettcher, S. W. Nickel-Iron Oxyhydroxide Oxygen-Evolution Electrocatalysts: The Role of Intentional and Incidental Iron Incorporation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 6744-6753 10.1021/ja502379c
149. 2+ with Glycine J. Electrochem. Soc. 2002, 149, C159-C163 10.1149/1.1446871
150. 4-A Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Chem. Mater. 2012, 24, 3567-3573 10.1021/cm3012205
151. Wu, G.; Li, N.; Zhou, D. R.; Mitsuo, K.; Xu, B. Q. Anodically Electrodeposited Co + Ni Mixed Oxide Electrode: Preparation and Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Media J. Solid State Chem. 2004, 177, 3682-3692 10.1016/j.jssc.2004.06.027
152. 4 Electrodes for Use as Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 2370-2374 10.1021/jz501077u
153. Miao, J.; Yang, H. B.; Khoo, S. Y.; Liu, B. Electrochemical Fabrication of ZnO-CdSe Core-Shell Nanorod Arrays for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Nanoscale 2013, 5, 11118-11124 10.1039/c3nr03425a
154. Li, J.; Wu, N. Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts and Photoelectrochemical Cells for Solar Fuel Generation: A Review Catal. Sci. Technol. 2015, 5, 1360-1384 10.1039/C4CY00974F
155. van de Krol, R.; Liang, Y.; Schoonman, J. Solar Hydrogen Production with Nanostructured Metal Oxides J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 2311-2320 10.1039/b718969a
156. Bak, T.; Nowotny, J.; Rekas, M.; Sorrell, C. C. Photo-Electrochemical Hydrogen Generation from Water Using Solar Energy. Materials-Related Aspects Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2002, 27, 991-1022 10.1016/S0360-3199(02)00022-8
157. Katz, M. J.; Riha, S. C.; Jeong, N. C.; Martinson, A. B. F.; Farha, O. K.; Hupp, J. T. Toward Solar Fuels: Water Splitting with Sunlight and 'Rust'? Coord. Chem. Rev. 2012, 256, 2521-2529 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.06.017
158. 3) Electrodes Using Hydrogen Peroxide as a Hole Scavenger Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 958-964 10.1039/C0EE00570C
159. Hamann, T. W. Splitting Water with Rust: Hematite Photoelectrochemistry Dalton Trans. 2012, 41, 7830-7834 10.1039/c2dt30340j
160. Dare-Edwards, M. P.; Goodenough, J. B.; Hamnett, A.; Trevellick, P. R. Electrochemistry and Photoelectrochemistry of Iron(III) Oxide J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1983, 79, 2027-2041 10.1039/f19837902027
161. 3 Films J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 15714-15721 10.1021/ja064380l
162. Mayer, M. T.; Lin, Y.; Yuan, G.; Wang, D. Forming Heterojunctions at the Nanoscale for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting by Semiconductor Materials: Case Studies on Hematite Acc. Chem. Res. 2013, 46, 1558-1566 10.1021/ar300302z
163. 3 Electrodes Prepared via Anodic Electrodeposition Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 3701-3709 10.1021/cm803099k
164. 3 Electrodes by Surface Composition Tuning J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 3497-3506 10.1021/jp1093433
165. 3 Thin Films Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2006, 9, C110-C113 10.1149/1.2200141
166. 3 Thin Films Active for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 3803-3805 10.1021/cm800144q
167. 3 Doped with Mo or Cr as Photoanodes for Photocatalytic Water Splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 15900-15907 10.1021/jp803775j
168. 3 Thin Films by Surface Modification with Fluoride Chem. Commun. 2009, 2652-2654 10.1039/b901135h
169. 3 Photoelectrodes: Experiment and Theory Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 510-517 10.1021/cm903135j
170. 3 Thin Film for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 2777-2784 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.11.107
171. 3 Thin Films Prepared by Electrodeposition Electrochim. Acta 2012, 59, 121-127 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.10.051
172. 3 Nanostructures for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting J. Alloys Compd. 2013, 574, 421-426 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.152
173. Mirbagheri, N.; Wang, D.; Peng, C.; Wang, J.; Huang, Q.; Fan, C.; Ferapontova, E. E. Visible Light Driven Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation by Zn- and Ti-Doped Hematite Nanostructures ACS Catal. 2014, 4, 2006-2015 10.1021/cs500372v
174. 3 Photoanodes Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 1686-1693 10.1021/cm1020614
175. 3 Photoanodes Prepared via Electrodeposition and Thermal Oxidation of Iron Thin Solid Films 2011, 520, 1034-1040 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.08.016
176. 3 Films from Electrodeposited Fe Films for Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Water Splitting and the Degradation of Organic Pollutants J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 4345-4353 10.1039/C4TA06017B
177. Shi, X.; Zhang, K.; Shin, K.; Moon, J. H.; Lee, T. W.; Park, J. H. Constructing Inverse Opal Structured Hematite Photoanodes via Electrochemical Process and Their Application to Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 11717-11722 10.1039/c3cp50459j
178. 3-Based Photoelectrochemical Cells Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2013, 38, 12725-12732 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.07.057
179. 3 Photoanodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 7894-7818 10.1039/c2cp40976c
180. 3 J. Appl. Phys. 1977, 48, 1914-1918 10.1063/1.323948
181. Koffyberg, F. P.; Dwight, K.; Wold, A. Interband-Transitions of Semiconducting Oxides Determined from Photoelectrolysis Spectra Solid State Commun. 1979, 30, 433-437 10.1016/0038-1098(79)91182-7
182. Iwai, T. Temperature Dependence of the Optical Absorption Edge of Tungsten Trioxide Single Crystal J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1960, 15, 1596-1600 10.1143/JPSJ.15.1596
183. 3 Photoanodes for Water Oxidation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 18318-18324 10.1021/ja3067622
184. 3 Electrodeposition from Peroxy-Tungstate Solution J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 144, 1664-1671 10.1149/1.1837657
185. Baeck, S. H.; Jaramillo, T.; Stucky, G. D.; McFarland, E. W. Controlled Electrodeposition of Nanoparticulate Tungsten Oxide Nano Lett. 2002, 2, 831-834 10.1021/nl025587p
186. 3 Thin-Film Electrodes: The Oxidation of Formic Acid ChemPhysChem 2006, 7, 2540-2551 10.1002/cphc.200600379
187. 3 Photoanode Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 1105-1112 10.1021/cm1019469
188. 3 Photoanodes in Acidic Aqueous Electrolytes Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5694-5697 10.1039/c2ee02929d
189. Baeck, S. H.; Jaramillo, T. F.; Brändli, C.; McFarland, E. W. Combinatorial Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Tungsten-Based Mixed-Metal Oxides J. Comb. Chem. 2002, 4, 563-568 10.1021/cc020014w
190. 3 Thin Films Prepared by Carboxylic Acid-Assisted Electrodeposition J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 17766-17776 10.1021/jp400499c
191. 3 Photoelectrodes for Use in Solar Water Oxidation J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 7612-7620 10.1021/jp209909b
192. Kulesza, P. J.; Faulkner, L. R. Electrocatalysis at a Novel Electrode Coating of Nonstoichiometric Tungsten(VI,V) Oxide Aggregates J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 4905-4913 10.1021/ja00223a006
193. 3 Microwire Array Photoelectrodes Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 779-790 10.1039/C3EE43048K
194. Djurišić, A. B.; Chen, X.; Leung, Y. H.; Man Ching Ng, A. ZnO Nanostructures: Growth, Properties and Applications J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 6526-6510 10.1039/c2jm15548f
195. Koøodziejczak- Radzimska, A.; Jesionowski, T. Zinc Oxide-From Synthesis to Application: A Review Materials 2014, 7, 2833-2881 10.3390/ma7042833
196. Özgür, Ü.; Alivov, Y. I.; Liu, C.; Teke, A.; Reshchikov, M. A.; Doʇan, S.; Avrutin, V.; Cho, S. J.; Morkoç, H. A Comprehensive Review of ZnO Materials and Devices J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 98, 041301 10.1063/1.1992666
197. 2 Anatase Thin Films J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 75, 2042-2047 10.1063/1.356306
198. Wang, Z. L. Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: Growth, Properties and Applications J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2004, 16, R829-R858 10.1088/0953-8984/16/25/R01
199. 2 Photoanodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells ACS Nano 2014, 8, 2261-2268 10.1021/nn405535j
200. Lévy-Clément, C.; Elias, J. Optimization of the Design of Extremely Thin Absorber Solar Cells Based on Electrodeposited ZnO Nanowires ChemPhysChem 2013, 14, 2321-2330 10.1002/cphc.201300106
201. Oekermann, T. On Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: Chichester, UK, 2010.
202. Peulon, S.; Lincot, D. Mechanistic Study of Cathodic Electrodeposition of Zinc Oxide and Zinc Hydroxychloride Films from Oxygenated Qqueous Zinc Chloride Solutions J. Electrochem. Soc. 1998, 145, 864-874 10.1149/1.1838359
203. Izaki, M.; Omi, T. Transparent Zinc Oxide Films Prepared by Electrochemical Reaction Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 68, 2439-2440 10.1063/1.116160
204. Pauporté, T.; Lincot, D. Hydrogen Peroxide Oxygen Precursor for Zinc Oxide Electrodeposition I. Deposition in Perchlorate Medium J. Electrochem. Soc. 2001, 148, C310-C314 10.1149/1.1357175
205. xO Thin Films for Solar Hydrogen Production J. Comb. Chem. 2005, 7, 264-271 10.1021/cc049864x
206. Limmer, S. J.; Kulp, E. A.; Switzer, J. A. Epitaxial Electrodeposition of ZnO on Au(111) from Alkaline Solution: Exploiting Amphoterism in Zn(II) Langmuir 2006, 22, 10535-10539 10.1021/la061185b
207. Steinmiller, E. M. P.; Choi, K.-S. Anodic Construction of Lamellar Structured ZnO Films Using Basic Media via Interfacial Surfactant Templating Langmuir 2007, 23, 12710-12715 10.1021/la702066w
208. López, C. M.; Choi, K.-S. Enhancement of Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Fibrous Zn and ZnO Electrodes Chem. Commun. 2005, 3328-3323 10.1039/b502238j
209. López, C. M.; Choi, K.-S. Electrochemical Synthesis of Dendritic Zinc Films Composed of Systematically Varying Motif Crystals Langmuir 2006, 22, 10625-10629 10.1021/la0611864
210. Steinmiller, E. M. P.; Choi, K.-S. Photochemical Deposition of Cobalt-Based Oxygen Evolving Catalyst on a Semiconductor Photoanode for Solar Oxygen Production Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106, 20633-20636 10.1073/pnas.0910203106
211. Babu, V. J.; Vempati, S.; Uyar, T.; Ramakrishna, S. Review of One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Nanostructured Materials for Hydrogen Generation Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 2960-2986 10.1039/C4CP04245J
212. 3 Nano-Spheres Thin Films by Electrodeposition for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Alloys Compd. 2009, 479, 840-843 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.01.070
213. 2 Generation Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 12688-12686 10.1039/c3cp51722e
214. 3 Core-Shell Nanocubes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance J. Power Sources 2014, 247, 915-919 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.054
215. 3 Nanorods on FTO Substrates for Photoelectrochemical Applications J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 14685-14688 10.1039/c1jm11774b
216. Kovtyukhova, N. I.; Mallouk, T. E. Electrochemically Assisted Deposition as a New Route to Transparent Conductive Indium Tin Oxide Films Chem. Mater. 2010, 22, 4939-4949 10.1021/cm101576r
217. Xu, Y.; Schoonen, M. A. A. The Absolute Energy Positions of Conduction and Valence Bands of Selected Semiconducting Minerals Am. Mineral. 2000, 85, 543-556 10.2138/am-2000-0416
218. 2 Nanocrystalline Semiconductor Films and Their Sensitization with Bis(2,2′-bipyridine)(2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-bicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(II) Complex J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4133-4140 10.1021/j100066a037
219. 2 Composite Systems and Its Role in Photocatalytic Degradation of a Textile Azo Dye Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 2180-2187 10.1021/cm950425y
220. Chang, S. T.; Leu, I. C.; Hon, M. H. Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Tin Oxide Films by Electrochemical Deposition Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2002, 5, C71-C74 10.1149/1.1485808
221. 2 Films Containing Three-Dimensionally Organized Uniform Mesopores via Interfacial Surfactant Templating Chem. Commun. 2007, 3655-3653 10.1039/b704428c
222. 2 Films with Wire Morphologies Electrochem. Commun. 2007, 9, 1519-1524 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.02.006
223. 2 Nanostructured Surface Heterostructures: A Review Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 6920-6937 10.1039/C4CS00180J
224. Chen, X.; Mao, S. S. Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2891-2959 10.1021/cr0500535
225. 2 Photocatalysis: Mechanisms and Materials Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 9919-9986 10.1021/cr5001892
226. 2 Films Nature 1991, 353, 737-740 10.1038/353737a0
227. Paracchino, A.; Laporte, V.; Sivula, K.; Grätzel, M.; Thimsen, E. Highly Active Oxide Photocathode for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 456-461 10.1038/nmat3017
228. 2 Photocathodes Prepared by an Electrodeposition-Sulfurization Method Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 11808-11812 10.1002/anie.201406483
229. 2 Coatings Stabilize Si, GaAs, and GaP Photoanodes for Efficient Water Oxidation Science 2014, 344, 1005-1009 10.1126/science.1251428
230. 3 J. Electroanal. Chem. 1993, 346, 291-307 10.1016/0022-0728(93)85020-H
231. 3 Chem. Phys. Lett. 2001, 338, 231-236 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)00263-9
232. 2 Nanowire Arrays in AAM on Aluminum Substrate Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2005, 85, 125-131 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.04.011
233. 2 Nanowire Arrays Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 1125-1124 10.1063/1.1350959
234. Eisenberg, D.; Ahn, H. S.; Bard, A. J. Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation on Bismuth Vanadate by Electrodeposition of Amorphous Titanium Dioxide J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14011-14014 10.1021/ja5082475
235. 2 Films by Surfactant-Assisted Anodic Electrodeposition Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2006, 9, C93-C96 10.1149/1.2186430
236. Natarajan, C.; Nogami, G. Cathodic Electrodeposition of Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Thin Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 1996, 143, 1547-1550 10.1149/1.1836677
237. Matsumoto, Y.; Ishikawa, Y.; Nishida, M.; Ii, S. A New Electrochemical Method To Prepare Mesoporous Titanium(IV) Oxide Photocatalyst Fixed on Alumite Substrate J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104, 4204-4209 10.1021/jp9944177
238. Lokhande, C. D.; Min, S. K.; Jung, K. D.; Joo, O. S. Cathodic Electrodeposition of Amorphous Titanium Oxide Films from an Alkaline Solution Bath J. Mater. Sci. 2004, 39, 6607-6610 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000044903.93296.a4
239. 4 Powder from Layered Vanadates at Room Temperature and Its Photocatalytic and Photophysical Properties J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 11459-11467 10.1021/ja992541y
240. Park, Y.; McDonald, K. J.; Choi, K.-S. Progress in Bismuth Vanadate Photoanodes for Use in Solar Water Oxidation Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 2321-2337 10.1039/C2CS35260E
241. Li, Z.; Luo, W.; Zhang, M.; Feng, J.; Zou, Z. Photoelectrochemical Cells for Solar Hydrogen Production: Current State of Promising Photoelectrodes, Methods to improve Their Properties, and Outlook Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 347-370 10.1039/C2EE22618A
242. Abdi, F. F.; Han, L.; Smets, A. H. M.; Zeman, M.; Dam, B.; van de Krol, R. Efficient Solar Water Splitting by Enhanced Charge Separation in a Bismuth Vanadate-Silicon Tandem Photoelectrode Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 2195 10.1038/ncomms3195
243. 4-Based Heterostructured Photocatalysts for Solar Water Splitting: A Review Energy Environ. Focus 2014, 3, 339-353 10.1166/eef.2014.1121
244. Huang, Z.-F.; Pan, L.; Zou, J.-J.; Zhang, X.; Wang, L. Nanostructured Bismuth Vanadate-Based Materials for Solar-Energy-Driven Water Oxidation: A Review on Recent Progress Nanoscale 2014, 6, 14044-14063 10.1039/C4NR05245E
245. 4 Tandem Assembly for Photolytic Solar Fuels Production J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 974-981 10.1021/ja511739y
246. 4 Photoanodes with Ultrathin p-Type NiO Layers for Improved Solar Water Oxidation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 5053-5060 10.1021/jacs.5b00256
247. 4 Nanorods with Ultimate Water Splitting Efficiency Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 11141 10.1038/srep11141
248. DallAntonia, L. H.; de Tacconi, N. R.; Chanmanee, W.; Timmaji, H.; Myung, N.; Rajeshwar, K. Electrosynthesis of Bismuth Vanadate Photoelectrodes Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2010, 13, D29-D32 10.1149/1.3322641
249. 3, or Composites J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 7793-7800 10.1021/jp200632f
250. Seabold, J. A.; Choi, K.-S. Efficient and Stable Photo-Oxidation of Water by a Bismuth Vanadate Photoanode Coupled with an Iron Oxyhydroxide Oxygen Evolution Catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2186-2192 10.1021/ja209001d
251. 4 Photoanodes Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 1238-1246 10.1039/C3CP53649A
252. 4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 8553-8557 10.1039/c2ee22608a
253. 2 J. Phys. Chem. B 2007, 111, 11276-11284 10.1021/jp073884i
254. 4 Single Crystals: Intrinsic Behavior of a Complex Metal Oxide J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 11389-11396 10.1021/ja405550k
255. 4 Photoanodes with Dual-Layer Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Solar Water Splitting Science 2014, 343, 990-994 10.1126/science.1246913
256. 12 Using Dendritic Bi Metal Electrodes J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2014, 5, 2994-2999 10.1021/jz501544k
257. 6 as Anodes for the Photoelectrolysis of Water Mater. Res. Bull. 1982, 17, 133-136 10.1016/0025-5408(82)90194-5
258. Arora, S. K.; Mathew, T.; Batra, N. M. Electrochemical Characteristics of Copper Tungstate Single Crystals J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 1990, 23, 460-464 10.1088/0022-3727/23/4/013
259. Chang, Y.; Braun, A.; Deangelis, A.; Kaneshiro, J.; Gaillard, N. Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Crystallographic, Surface Energetics, and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Reactively Cosputtered Copper Tungstate for Water Splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 25490-25495 10.1021/jp207341v
260. 4, a Promising Photoanode for Water Oxidation J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 7651-7610 10.1039/c1jm11259g
261. Yourey, J. E.; Kurtz, J. B.; Bartlett, B. M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 3200-3205 10.1021/jp211409x
262. 6 Electrodes for Use as Photoanodes for Solar Water Oxidation J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 5006-5014 10.1039/c3ta10245a
263. 4 Electrodes Showing Enhanced Visible Light Absorption Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2440-2446 10.1039/c3ee40827b
264. 6 Micro/nano-Structures: Synthesis, Modifications and Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Applications Appl. Catal., B 2011, 106, 1-13 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.05.008
265. Finlayson, A. P.; Tsaneva, V. N.; Lyons, L.; Clark, M.; Glowacki, B. A. Evaluation of Bi-W-Oxides for Visible Light Photocatalysis Phys. Status Solidi A 2006, 203, 327-335 10.1002/pssa.200521129
266. 0 Transition Metal Ions Chem. Lett. 1999, 28, 1103-1104 10.1246/cl.1999.1103
267. Zhang, L.; Zhu, Y. A Review of Controllable Synthesis and Enhancement of Performances of Bismuth Tungstate Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysts Catal. Sci. Technol. 2012, 2, 694-706 10.1039/c2cy00411a
268. Yu, J.; Kudo, A. Hydrothermal Synthesis and Photocatalytic Property of 2-Dimensional Bismuth Molybdate Nanoplates Chem. Lett. 2005, 34, 1528-1529 10.1246/cl.2005.1528
269. Zheng, F.-L.; Li, G.-R.; Yu, X.-L.; Tong, Y.-X. Synthesis of Bismuth Molybdate Nanowires via Electrodeposition-Heat-Treatment Method Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2009, 12, K56-K58 10.1149/1.3143909
270. 2O as a Photocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting under Visible Light Irradiation Chem. Commun. 1998, 357-358 10.1039/a707440i
271. 2O: A Catalyst for the Photochemical Decomposition of Water? Chem. Commun. 1999, 1069-1070 10.1039/a901232j
272. Gerischer, H. On the Stability of Semiconductor Electrodes against Photodecomposition J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1977, 82, 133-143 10.1016/S0022-0728(77)80253-2
273. Wang, L.; Tao, M. Fabrication and Characterization of p-n Homojunctions in Cuprous Oxide by Electrochemical Deposition Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2007, 10, H248-H250 10.1149/1.2748632
274. 2O Electrodes Achieved by Controlling Dendritic Branching Growth J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 2561-2569 10.1021/ja806370s
275. Wang, W.; Wu, D.; Zhang, Q.; Wang, L.; Tao, M. pH-Dependence of Conduction Type in Cuprous Oxide Synthesized from Solution J. Appl. Phys. 2010, 107, 123717 10.1063/1.3452383
276. 2O Thin Films Obtained by Electrodeposition Phys. Status Solidi A 2012, 209, 2470-2475 10.1002/pssa.201228286
277. 2O: Electrodeposition and Characterization Chem. Mater. 1999, 11, 3512-3517 10.1021/cm991054e
278. 2O Solar Absorber by Photoelectrochemistry and Ultrafast Spectroscopy J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 7341-7350 10.1021/jp301176y
279. 2 Evolution from Photoelectrolysis of Water under Visible Light Illumination Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33, 2897-2903 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.03.052
280. 2O Thin Films Semicond. Sci. Technol. 2013, 28, 115005 10.1088/0268-1242/28/11/115005
281. Zhou, Y. C.; Switzer, J. A. Electrochemical Deposition and Microstructure of Copper (I) Oxide Films Scr. Mater. 1998, 38, 1731-1738 10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00091-8
282. Rakhshani, A. E.; Varghese, J. Galvanostatic Deposition of Thin Films of Cuprous Oxide Sol. Energy Mater. 1987, 15, 237-248 10.1016/0165-1633(87)90039-6
283. Golden, T. D.; Shumsky, M. G.; Zhou, Y. C.; VanderWerf, R. A.; VanLeeuwen, R. A.; Switzer, J. A. Electrochemical Deposition of Copper(I) Oxide Films Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 2499-2504 10.1021/cm9602095
284. Wang, L. C.; de Tacconi, N. R.; Chenthamarakshan, C. R.; Rajeshwar, K.; Tao, M. Electrodeposited Copper Oxide Films: Effect of Bath pH on Grain Orientation and Orientation-Dependent Interfacial Behavior Thin Solid Films 2007, 515, 3090-3095 10.1016/j.tsf.2006.08.041
285. 2O Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 2005, 152, C179-C182 10.1149/1.1862478
286. 2O Stability as Photocathode J. Electrochem. Soc. 2009, 156, F80-F85 10.1149/1.3089290
287. 2O Thin Films on the Photoelectrochemical Performance Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2014, 53, 08NJ01 10.7567/JJAP.53.08NJ01
288. Septina, W.; Ikeda, S.; Khan, M. A.; Hirai, T.; Harada, T.; Matsumura, M.; Peter, L. M. Potentiostatic Electrodeposition of Cuprous Oxide Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56, 4882-4888 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.075
289. 2O Homojunction Solar Cells for Efficiency Enhancement Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 6112-6118 10.1039/c2cp40502d
290. 2O Films and Their Conversion to CuO Films Chem. Commun. 2006, 3311-3313 10.1039/b604097g
291. Zhang, Z.; Wang, P. Highly Stable Copper Oxide Composite as an Effective Photocathode for Water Splitting via a Facile Electrochemical Synthesis Strategy J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 2456-2464 10.1039/C1JM14478B
292. Zhang, Z.; Dua, R.; Zhang, L.; Zhu, H.; Zhang, H.; Wang, P. Carbon-Layer-Protected Cuprous Oxide Nanowire Arrays for Efficient Water Reduction ACS Nano 2013, 7, 1709-1717 10.1021/nn3057092
293. 2O Nanowire Arrays as a Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Photocathode in Water Splitting J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 18383-18397 10.1039/C4TA03464C
294. Paracchino, A.; Mathews, N.; Hisatomi, T.; Stefik, M.; Tilley, S. D.; Grätzel, M. Ultrathin Films on Copper(I) Oxide Water Splitting Photocathodes: A Study on Performance and Stability Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 8673-8681 10.1039/c2ee22063f
295. Tilley, S. D.; Schreier, M.; Azevedo, J.; Stefik, M.; Grätzel, M. Ruthenium Oxide Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis on Composite Cuprous Oxide Water-Splitting Photocathodes Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 303-311 10.1002/adfm.201301106
296. Morales-Guio, C. G.; Tilley, S. D.; Vrubel, H.; Grätzel, M.; Hu, X. Hydrogen Evolution from a Copper(I) Oxide Photocathode Coated with an Amorphous Molybdenum Sulphide Catalyst Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 1-7 10.1038/ncomms4059
297. 2O Coated with Earth-Abundant Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 54, 664-667 10.1002/anie.201410569
298. Azevedo, J.; Steier, L.; Dias, P.; Stefik, M.; Sousa, C. T.; Araújo, J. P.; Mendes, A.; Grätzel, M.; Tilley, S. D. On the Stability Enhancement of Cuprous Oxide Water Splitting Photocathodes by Low Temperature Steam Annealing Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 4044-4052 10.1039/C4EE02160F
299. 2O Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 2008, 155, F37-F42 10.1149/1.2830850
300. 2O Films J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 11551-11556 10.1021/jp103437y
301. 2O Thin Films ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 18344-18352 10.1021/acsami.5b04116
302. Chauhan, D.; Satsangi, V. R.; Dass, S.; Shrivastav, R. Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured CuO Thin Films for Photoelectrochemical Splitting of Water Bull. Mater. Sci. 2014, 29, 709-716
303. Koffyberg, F. P.; Benko, F. A. A Photoelectrochemical Determination of the Position of the Conduction and Valence band Edges of p-Type CuO J. Appl. Phys. 1982, 53, 1173-1177 10.1063/1.330567
304. Hsu, Y.-K.; Yu, C.-H.; Lin, H.-H.; Chen, Y.-C.; Lin, Y.-G. Template Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanowires for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation J. Electroanal. Chem. 2013, 704, 19-23 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.06.008
305. Chiang, C.-Y.; Shin, Y.; Aroh, K.; Ehrman, S. Copper Oxide Photocathodes Prepared by a Solution Based Process Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2012, 37, 8232-8239 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.049
306. Chiang, C.-Y.; Aroh, K.; Franson, N.; Satsangi, V. R.; Dass, S.; Ehrman, S. Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Made by Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting-Part II. Photoelectrochemical Study Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 15519-15526 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.041
307. 2O and CuO Thin Films for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 25928-25934 10.1039/C4CP03241A
308. Emin, S.; Abdi, F. F.; Fanetti, M.; Peng, W.; Smith, W.; Sivula, K.; Dam, B.; Valant, M. A novel Approach for the Preparation of Textured CuO Thin Films from Electrodeposited CuCl and CuBr J. Electroanal. Chem. 2014, 717-718, 243-249 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.01.038
309. 2 Production ChemSusChem 2009, 2, 230-233 10.1002/cssc.200900032
310. 2O Nanowires for Gas Sensing and Hydrogen Evolution J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 14736-14738 10.1039/c3ta13277c
311. 3 by Platinum-Depositing and CuS-Loading Appl. Surf. Sci. 2013, 282, 531-537 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.06.006
312. 2 Nanotube Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Production from Water Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 6560-6568 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.103
313. Guo, X.; Diao, P.; Di, X.; Huang, S.; Yang, Y.; Jin, T.; Wu, Q.; Xiang, M.; Zhang, M. CuO/Pd Composite Photocathodes for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 7686-7696 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.084
314. 3/CuO Heterojunction Photoelectrodes in PEC System Mater. Sci. Forum 2013, 756, 219-224 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.756.219
315. Poizot, P.; Hung, C.-J.; Nikiforov, M. P.; Bohannan, E. W.; Switzer, J. A. An Electrochemical Method for CuO Thin Film Deposition from Aqueous Solution Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2003, 6, C21-C25 10.1149/1.1535753
316. Izaki, M.; Nagai, M.; Maeda, K.; Mohamad, F. B.; Motomura, K.; Sasano, J.; Shinagawa, T.; Watase, S. Electrodeposition of 1.4-eV-Bandgap p-Copper (II) Oxide Film With Excellent Photoactivity J. Electrochem. Soc. 2011, 158, D578-D584 10.1149/1.3614408
317. Nakaoka, K.; Ogura, K. Electrochemical Preparation of p-Type Cupric and Cuprous Oxides on Platinum and Gold Substrates from Copper(II) Solutions with Various Amino Acids J. Electrochem. Soc. 2002, 149, C579-C585 10.1149/1.1512670
318. 2O Thin Films on Conducting Substrates J. Electrochem. Soc. 2004, 151, C661-C665 10.1149/1.1789155
319. Siegfried, M. J.; Choi, K.-S. Conditions and Mechanism for the Anodic Deposition of Cupric Oxide Films in Slightly Acidic Aqueous Media J. Electrochem. Soc. 2007, 154, D674-D677 10.1149/1.2789394
320. Switzer, J. A.; Kothari, H. M.; Poizot, P.; Nakanishi, S.; Bohannan, E. W. Enantiospecific Electrodeposition of a Chiral Catalyst Nature 2003, 425, 490-493 10.1038/nature01990
321. Bohannan, E. W.; Kothari, H. M.; Nicic, I. M.; Switzer, J. A. Enantiospecific Electrodeposition of Chiral CuO Films on Single-Crystal Cu(111) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 488-489 10.1021/ja039422+
322. Kothari, H. M.; Kulp, E. A.; Boonsalee, S.; Nikiforov, M. P.; Bohannan, E. W.; Poizot, P.; Nakanishi, S.; Switzer, J. A. Enantiospecific Electrodeposition of Chiral CuO Films from Copper(II) Complexes of Tartaric and Amino Acids on Single-Crystal Au(001) Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 4232-4244 10.1021/cm048939x
323. Joseph, S.; Kamath, P. V.; Upadhya, S. Electrochemical Synthesis of Oriented CuO Coatings on Stainless Steel Substrates: Solution-Mediated Control over Orientation J. Electrochem. Soc. 2009, 156, E18-E22 10.1149/1.3005959
324. Zhang, R.; Liu, J.; Guo, H.; Tong, X. Synthesis of CuO Nanowire Arrays as High-Performance Electrode for Lithium Ion Batteries Mater. Lett. 2015, 139, 55-58 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.10.039
325. Sagu, J. S.; Peiris, T. A. N.; Wijayantha, K. G. U. Rapid and Simple Potentiostatic Deposition of Copper (II) Oxide Thin Films Electrochem. Commun. 2014, 42, 68-71 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.02.014
326. Zhao, X.; Wang, P.; Yan, Z.; Ren, N. Ag Nanoparticles Decorated CuO Nanowire Arrays for Efficient Plasmon Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Chem. Phys. Lett. 2014, 609, 59-64 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.06.045
327. 2 Electrodes for Use in a Photoelectrochemical Cell J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1872-1876 10.1021/jz300709t
328. 4 Thin Film Photocathodes J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 6459-6466 10.1021/jp210130v
329. 4 Photocathode through Novel Anodic Electrodeposition for Solar Hydrogen Production Electrochim. Acta 2014, 125, 191-198 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.01.088
330. Bohannan, E. W.; Jaynes, C. C.; Shumsky, M. G.; Barton, J. K.; Switzer, J. A. Low-Temperature Electrodeposition of the High-Temperature Cubic Polymorph of Bismuth(III) Oxide Solid State Ionics 2000, 131, 97-107 10.1016/S0167-2738(00)00625-1
331. 3 Solid State Ionics 2008, 178, 1735-1739 10.1016/j.ssi.2007.11.013
332. 2 Compounds J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 83, 3192-3196 10.1063/1.367120
333. 2 (X = S and Se) and Their Alloys Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2007, 75, 205209 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.205209
334. Wu, W.; Jiang, C.; Roy, V. A. L. Recent Progress in Magnetic Iron Oxide-Semiconductor Composite Nanomaterials as Promising Photocatalysts Nanoscale 2015, 7, 38-58 10.1039/C4NR04244A
335. Martinez, A.; Fernández, A.; Arriaga, L.; Cano, U. Preparation and Characterization of Cu-In-S Thin Films by Electrodeposition Mater. Chem. Phys. 2006, 95, 270-274 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.06.018
336. 2 Thin Films for Solar Energy Conversion Thin Solid Films 2006, 511, 117-120 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.11.092
337. 2 Thin Film by Electrodeposition of Cu-In Alloy Vacuum 2014, 99, 196-203 10.1016/j.vacuum.2013.06.005
338. 2 Thin Films Prepared by Electrodeposition and Sulfurization with Photoluminescence Spectroscopy Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2003, 79, 331-338 10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00458-0
339. 2 as Efficient Photocathodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 8941-8943 10.1039/C4CC03634D
340. 2 for Solar Water Splitting Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 1395-1402 10.1021/nl504746b
341. 2 Photocathode Improved by Incorporating Reduced Graphene Oxide J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 8566-8570 10.1039/C5TA01237F
342. 4 with Defect Chalcopyrite Structure on Photocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution J. Catal. 2014, 310, 31-36 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.08.025
343. 4 Photocatalysts by Synthesis Utilizing a Polymerizable Complex Method J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 14239-14244 10.1039/C5TA02114F
344. 2 Solar Energy Thin Film J. Electrochem. Soc. 2013, 160, D459-D464 10.1149/2.056310jes
345. 2 Solar Energy Thin Film J. Electrochem. Soc. 2014, 161, D333-D338 10.1149/2.050406jes
346. 5 Chem. Sci. 2015, 6, 894-901 10.1039/C4SC02346C
347. 2 Photocathodes under Visible Light Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 6167-6168 10.1039/c3cp54590c
348. Kumagai, H.; Minegishi, T.; Moriya, Y.; Kubota, J.; Domen, K. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution from Water Using Copper Gallium Selenide Electrodes Prepared by a Particle Transfer Method J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 16386-16392 10.1021/jp409921f
349. Marsen, B.; Cole, B.; Miller, E. L. Photoelectrolysis of Water Using Thin Copper Gallium Diselenide Electrodes Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2008, 92, 1054-1058 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.03.009
350. 2 Photoelectrode under Visible-Light Irradiation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 3733-3735 10.1021/ja312653y
351. 2 Thin Film Solar Cells Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 4292-4211 10.1039/c0cp01408g
352. 2 Thin Films from Single Bath J. Electrochem. Soc. 2008, 155, H292-H295 10.1149/1.2845071
353. 2 from Thiocyanate-Containing Electrolytes J. Electrochem. Soc. 2011, 158, D54-D56 10.1149/1.3519997
354. 2 Thin Films Thin Solid Films 2012, 520, 2781-2784 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.12.023
355. 2 on Its Electronic, Structural, and Defect Properties Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998, 72, 3199-3201 10.1063/1.121548
356. 2 Solar Cells Grown on Flexible Polymer Films Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 857-861 10.1038/nmat3122
357. 2 Films onto a Molybdenum Electrode Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 2010, 83, 653-658 10.1134/S1070427210040154
358. 2 Thin Film J. Electrochem. Soc. 2011, 158, D704-D709 10.1149/2.059112jes
359. 2 Thin Films J. Electrochem. Soc. 2001, 148, C110-C118 10.1149/1.1342177
360. Chiu, Y.-S.; Hsieh, M.-T.; Chang, C.-M.; Chen, C.-S.; Whang, T.-J. Single-Step Electrodeposition of CIS Thin Films with the Complexing Agent Triethanolamine Appl. Surf. Sci. 2014, 299, 52-57 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.184
361. Huang, C.-J.; Su, Y.-K.; Chen, K.-L.; Lai, M. Y. Characteristics of Copper Indium Diselenide Thin Films Formed on Flexible Substrates by Electrodeposition Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44, 7795-7800 10.1143/JJAP.44.7795
362. 2 Thin Films from Aqueous Solution J. Phys. IV 2005, 123, 75-80 10.1051/jp4:2005123012
363. 2 Thin Films and Band Gap Controlling Electrochim. Acta 2014, 142, 208-214 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.116
364. 2 Nanopore Films via Template-Based Electrodeposition Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2012, 7, 675 10.1186/1556-276X-7-675
365. 2 Thin Film in the Presence of Triton 100-X Electrochim. Acta 2014, 147, 47-53 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.09.097
366. 2 Based Photovoltaic Structure Formed by Electrodeposition and Subsequent Thermal Processing J. Electrochem. Soc. 1998, 145, 3613-3615 10.1149/1.1838851
367. Sebastian, P. J.; Calixto, M. E.; Bhattacharya, R. N.; Noufi, R. CIS and CIGS Based Photovoltaic Structures Developed from Electrodeposited Precursors Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 1999, 59, 125-135 10.1016/S0927-0248(99)00037-9
368. 2-Based Photovoltaic Cells from Solution-Based Precursor Films Thin Solid Films 2000, 361-362, 396-399 10.1016/S0040-6090(99)00809-3
369. 2 as an Efficient Photocathode for Solar Hydrogen Generation Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2013, 38, 15027-15035 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.094
370. 2 Photocathodes J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 8300-8307 10.1039/C5TA01058F
371. 2 Thin Film Electrochem. Commun. 2010, 12, 851-853 10.1016/j.elecom.2010.04.004
372. 2 Solar Cells Prog. Photovoltaics 2005, 13, 209-216 10.1002/pip.626
373. Green, M. A.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W.; Dunlop, E. D. Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 39) Prog. Photovoltaics 2012, 20, 12-20 10.1002/pip.2163
374. Ito, K.; Nakazawa, T. Electrical and Optical Properties of Stannite-Type Quaternary Semiconductor Thin Films Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1988, 27, 2094-2097 10.1143/JJAP.27.2094
375. 4 a Potential Material for Solar Cells Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 5703-5714 10.1039/c2cc30792h
376. 4 (CZTS) Thin Films for Solar Cell Application Electrochim. Acta 2010, 55, 4057-4061 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.051
377. 4 Thin Films and Nanowires Prepared by Different Single-Step Electrodeposition Method in Quaternary Electrolyte Mater. Lett. 2011, 65, 2364-2367 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.05.003
378. 4 thin films Electrochim. Acta 2014, 128, 393-399 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.206
379. 4 Thin Films: Effect of Pulse Potentials Appl. Surf. Sci. 2015, 334, 192-196 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.09.079
380. 4 Thin Films by the Sulfurization of Co-Electrodeposited Cu-Zn-Sn-S Precursor Layers for Solar Cell Applications RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 23977-23984 10.1039/c4ra02327g
381. 4 Thin Films by Sulfurization of Co-Electroplated Cu-Zn-Sn Precursors Phys. Status Solidi C 2009, 6, 1266-1268 10.1002/pssc.200881182
382. 4 Films from Sequentially Electrodeposited Cu-Sn-Zn Precursors and Their Structural and Optical Properties J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 2013, 24, 4578-4584 10.1007/s10854-013-1445-2
383. 4 as an Alternative Absorber Material Phys. Status Solidi B 2008, 245, 1772-1778 10.1002/pssb.200879539
384. 4 Photocathodes for Solar Water Reduction ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 8018-8024 10.1021/am402096r
385. Stephen, R. G.; Riley, F. L. Oxidation of Silicon by Water J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 1989, 5, 219-222 10.1016/S0955-2219(89)80003-2
386. Bao, X.-Q.; Liu, L. Improved Photo-Stability of Silicon Nanobelt Arrays by Atomic Layer Deposition for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution J. Power Sources 2014, 268, 677-682 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.06.098
387. 2 Evolution RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 25902 10.1039/c3ra45966g
388. 2 Evolution J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 1057-1064 10.1021/ja309523t
389. 2C Catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 7035-7038 10.1021/jacs.5b03417
390. 3 Protective Layer Appl. Phys. Lett. 2015, 106, 013902-013905 10.1063/1.4905511
391. Bao, X.-Q.; Petrovykh, D. Y.; Alpuim, P.; Stroppa, D. G.; Guldris, N.; Fonseca, H.; Costa, M.; Gaspar, J.; Jin, C.; Liu, L. Amorphous Oxygen-Rich Molybdenum Oxysulfide Decorated p-type Silicon Microwire Arrays for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction Nano Energy 2015, 16, 130-142 10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.06.014
392. Benck, J. D.; Lee, S. C.; Fong, K. D.; Kibsgaard, J.; Sinclair, R.; Jaramillo, T. F. Designing Active and Stable Silicon Photocathodes for Solar Hydrogen Production Using Molybdenum Sulfide Nanomaterials Adv. Energy Mater. 2014, 4, 1400739 10.1002/aenm.201400739
393. Yang, J.; Walczak, K.; Anzenberg, E.; Toma, F. M.; Yuan, G.; Beeman, J.; Schwartzberg, A.; Lin, Y.; Hettick, M.; Javey, A. et al. Efficient and Sustained Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation by Cobalt Oxide/Silicon Photoanodes with Nanotextured Interfaces J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 6191-6194 10.1021/ja501513t
394. Kenney, M. J.; Gong, M.; Li, Y.; Wu, J. Z.; Feng, J.; Lanza, M.; Dai, H. High-Performance Silicon Photoanodes Passivated with Ultrathin Nickel Films for Water Oxidation Science 2013, 342, 836-840 10.1126/science.1241327
395. Chen, Y.; Tran, P. D.; Boix, P.; Ren, Y.; Chiam, S. Y.; Li, Z.; Fu, K.; Wong, L. H.; Barber, J. Silicon Decorated with Amorphous Cobalt Molybdenum Sulfide Catalyst as an Efficient Photocathode for Solar Hydrogen Generation ACS Nano 2015, 9, 3829-3836 10.1021/nn506819m
396. Czochralski, J. Ein neues Verfahren zur Messung der Kristallisationsgeschwindigheit der Metalle Z. Phys. Chem. 1918, 92, 219-221
397. Cohen, U.; Huggins, R. A. Silicon Epitaxial Growth by Electrodeposition from Molten Fluorides J. Electrochem. Soc. 1976, 123, 381-383 10.1149/1.2132829
398. Cohen, U. Some Prospective Applications of Silicon Electrodeposition from Molten Fluorides to Solar Cell Fabrication J. Electron. Mater. 1977, 6, 607-643 10.1007/BF02660341
399. 6-Molten Fluoride Systems J. Electrochem. Soc. 1980, 127, 1940-1944 10.1149/1.2130041
400. Rao, G. M.; Elwell, D.; Feigelson, R. S. Electrodeposition of Silicon onto Graphite J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 1708-1711 10.1149/1.2127715
401. 6-Flinak Electrochim. Acta 1982, 27, 673-676 10.1016/0013-4686(82)85058-5
402. Boen, R.; Bouteillon, J. The Electrodeposition of Silicon in Fluoride Melts J. Appl. Electrochem. 1983, 13, 277-288 10.1007/BF00941599
403. Frazer, E. J.; Welch, B. J. A galvanostatic Study of the Electrolytic Reduction Silica in Molten Cryolite Electrochim. Acta 1977, 22, 1179-1182 10.1016/0013-4686(77)80058-3
404. De Mattei, R. C.; Elwell, D.; Feigelson, R. S. Electrodeposition of Silicon at Temperatures above Its Melting Point J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 1712-1714 10.1149/1.2127716
405. Takeda, Y.; Kanno, R.; Yamamoto, O.; Mohan, T. R. R.; Lee, C.-H.; Kröger, F. A. Cathodic Deposition of Amorphous Silicon from Tetraethylorthosilicate in Organic Solvents J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 1221-1224 10.1149/1.2127597
406. Lee, C. H.; Kröger, F. A. Cathodic Deposition of Amorphous Alloys of Silicon, Carbon, and Fluorine J. Electrochem. Soc. 1982, 129, 936-942 10.1149/1.2124069
407. Rama Mohan, T. R.; Kröger, F. A. Cathodic Deposition of Amorphous Silicon from Solutions of Silicic Acid and Tetraethyl Ortho-Silicate in Ethylene Glycol and Formamide Containing HF Electrochim. Acta 1982, 27, 371-377 10.1016/0013-4686(82)85009-3
408. Munisamy, T.; Bard, A. J. Electrodeposition of Si from Organic Solvents and Studies Related to Initial Stages of Si Growth Electrochim. Acta 2010, 55, 3797-3803 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.01.097
409. Agrawal, A. K.; Austin, A. E. Electrodeposition of Silicon from Solutions of Silicon Halides in Aprotic Solvents J. Electrochem. Soc. 1981, 128, 2292-2296 10.1149/1.2127237
410. Nishimura, Y.; Fukunaka, Y. Electrochemical Reduction of Silicon Chloride in a Non-Aqueous Solvent Electrochim. Acta 2007, 53, 111-116 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.06.026
411. Nicholson, J. P. Electrodeposition of Silicon from Nonaqueous Solvents J. Electrochem. Soc. 2005, 152, C795-C802 10.1149/1.2083227
412. Gobet, J.; Tannenberger, H. Electrodeposition of Silicon from a Nonaqueous Solvent J. Electrochem. Soc. 1988, 135, 109-112 10.1149/1.2095532
413. Vichery, C.; Le Nader, V.; Frantz, C.; Zhang, Y.; Michler, J.; Philippe, L. Stabilization Mechanism of Electrodeposited Silicon Thin Films Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 22222-22228 10.1039/C4CP02797C
414. Zein El Abedin, S.; Borissenko, N.; Endres, F. Electrodeposition of Nanoscale Silicon in a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Electrochem. Commun. 2004, 6, 510-514 10.1016/j.elecom.2004.03.013
415. Liu, X.; Zhang, Y.; Ge, D.; Zhao, J.; Li, Y.; Endres, F. Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Silicon Films Made by Electrodeposition from an Ionic Liquid Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 5100-5105 10.1039/C2CP23236G
416. Borisenko, N.; Zein El Abedin, S.; Endres, F. In Situ STM Investigation of Gold Reconstruction and of Silicon Electrodeposition on Au(111) in the Room Temperature Ionic Liquid 1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 6250-6256 10.1021/jp057337d
417. Al-Salman, R.; Mallet, J.; Molinari, M.; Fricoteaux, P.; Martineau, F.; Troyon, M.; El Abedin, S. Z.; Endres, F. Template assisted Electrodeposition of Germanium and Silicon Nanowires in an Ionic Liquid Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2008, 10, 6233-6237 10.1039/b809075k
418. Mallet, J.; Molinari, M.; Martineau, F.; Delavoie, F.; Fricoteaux, P.; Troyon, M. Growth of Silicon Nanowires of Controlled Diameters by Electrodeposition in Ionic Liquid at Room Temperature Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 3468-3474 10.1021/nl802352e
419. Mallet, J.; Martineau, F.; Namur, K.; Molinari, M. Electrodeposition of Silicon Nanotubes at Room Temperature using Ionic Liquid Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 16446-16449 10.1039/c3cp51522b
420. Gu, J.; Fahrenkrug, E.; Maldonado, S. Direct Electrodeposition of Crystalline Silicon at Low Temperatures J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 1684-1687 10.1021/ja310897r
421. 2 Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 12740-12744 10.1002/anie.201206789
422. Tran, P. D.; Artero, V.; Fontecave, M. Water Electrolysis and Photoelectrolysis on Electrodes Engineered Using Biological and Bio-Inspired Molecular Systems Energy Environ. Sci. 2010, 3, 727-747 10.1039/b926749b
423. Krawicz, A.; Cedeno, D.; Moore, G. F. Energetics and Efficiency Analysis of a Cobaloxime-Modified Semiconductor under Simulated Air Mass 1.5 Illumination Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 15818-15824 10.1039/C4CP00495G
424. Tomilov, A. P.; Smetanin, A. V.; Chernykh, I. N.; Smirnov, M. K. Electrode Reactions Involving Arsenic and Its Inorganic Compounds Russ. J. Electrochem. 2001, 37, 997-1011 10.1023/A:1012396309686
425. de Mattei, R. C.; Elwell, D.; Feigelson, R. S. The Synthesis of GaAs by Molten Salt Electrolysis J. Cryst. Growth 1978, 43, 643-644 10.1016/0022-0248(78)90055-6
426. Dioum, I. G.; Vedel, J.; Tremillon, B. Properties of Arsenic in Molten Potassium Tetrachlorogallate at 300°C J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1982, 139, 329-333 10.1016/0022-0728(82)85132-2
427. Carpenter, M. K.; Verbrugge, M. W. Electrochemical Codeposition of Gallium and Arsenic from a Room Temperature Chlorogallate Melt J. Electrochem. Soc. 1990, 137, 123-129 10.1149/1.2086346
428. Yang, M. C.; Landau, U.; Angus, J. C. Electrodeposition of GaAs from Aqueous Electrolytes J. Electrochem. Soc. 1992, 139, 3480-3488 10.1149/1.2069103
429. Gheorghies, L.; Gheorghies, C. Preparation of GaAs Thin Films from Acid Aqueous Solution J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 2002, 4, 979-982
430. Mahalingam, T.; Lee, S.; Lim, H.; Moon, H.; Kim, Y. D. Electrosynthesis and Characterization of GaAs in Acid Solutions by Potentiostatic Method Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2006, 90, 2456-2463 10.1016/j.solmat.2006.03.018
431. Murali, K. R.; Trivedi, D. C. Preparation and Characterization of Pulse Electrodeposited GaAs Films Phys. Status Solidi A 2006, 203, 874-877 10.1002/pssa.200521266
432. Chandra, S.; Khare, N.; Upadhyaya, H. M. Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells Using Electrodeposited GaAs and AlSb Semiconductor Films Bull. Mater. Sci. 1988, 10, 323-332 10.1007/BF02744303
433. Murali, K. R.; Subramanian, V.; Rangarajan, N.; Lakshmanan, A. S.; Rangarajan, S. K. Preparation of GaAs Films by the Pulse Plating Technique J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 1991, 2, 149-151 10.1007/BF00696290
434. Gao, Y. K.; Han, A. Z.; Lin, Y. Q.; Zhao, Y. C.; Zhang, J. D. A Study of Electrodeposited GaAs Films Thin Solid Films 1993, 232, 278-281 10.1016/0040-6090(93)90022-H
435. Gao, Y. K.; Han, A. Z.; Lin, Y. Q.; Zhao, Y. C.; Zhang, J. D. Electrodeposition and Characterization of GaAs Polycrystalline Thin Films J. Appl. Phys. 1994, 75, 549-552 10.1063/1.355837
436. Lajnef, M.; Chtourou, R.; Ezzaouia, H. Electric Characterization of GaAs Deposited on Porous Silicon by Electrodeposition Technique Appl. Surf. Sci. 2010, 256, 3058-3062 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.11.073
437. Kozlov, V. M.; Bozzini, B.; Bicelli, L. P. Formation of GaAs by Annealing of Two-Layer Ga-As Electrodeposits J. Alloys Compd. 2004, 379, 209-215 10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.01.067
438. x Thin Films J. Electroanal. Chem. 1995, 385, 265-268 10.1016/0022-0728(94)03761-Q
439. Villegas, I.; Stickney, J. L. Preliminary Studies of GaAs Deposition on Au (100), (110), and (111) Surfaces by Electrochemical Atomic Layer Epitaxy J. Electrochem. Soc. 1992, 139, 686-694 10.1149/1.2069285
440. Fahrenkrug, E.; Gu, J.; Maldonado, S. Electrodeposition of Crystalline GaAs on Liquid Gallium Electrodes in Aqueous Electrolytes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 330-339 10.1021/ja309476x
441. Cuomo, J. J.; Gambino, R. J. The Synthesis and Epitaxial Growth of GaP by Fused Salt Electrolysis J. Electrochem. Soc. 1968, 115, 755-759 10.1149/1.2411419
442. De Mattei, R. C.; Elwell, D.; Feigelson, R. S. Conditions for Stable Growth of Epitaxial GaP Layers by Molten Salt Electrodeposition J. Cryst. Growth 1978, 44, 545-552 10.1016/0022-0248(78)90297-X
443. Heller, A.; Shalom, E. A.; Bonner, W. A.; Miller, B. Hydrogen-Evolving Semiconductor Photocathodes. Nature of the Junction and Function of the Platinum Group Metal Catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 6942-6948 10.1021/ja00389a010
444. Shalom, E. A.; Heller, A. Efficient p-InP(Rh-H alloy) and p-InP(Re-H alloy) Hydrogen Evolving Photocathodes J. Electrochem. Soc. 1982, 129, 2865-2866 10.1149/1.2123695
445. Ang, P. G. P.; Sammells, A. F. Hydrogen Evolution at p-InP Photocathodes in Alkaline Electrolyte J. Electrochem. Soc. 1984, 131, 1462-1464 10.1149/1.2115874
446. Goodman, C. E.; Wessels, B. W. Function of Cobalt and Platinum on p-InP in the Photoevolution of Hydrogen from Alkaline Solutions Appl. Phys. Lett. 1986, 49, 829-830 10.1063/1.97508
447. Gorochov, O.; Stoicoviciu, L. Remarks on the Hydrogen Photoevolution at p-InP and Metallized p-InP Electrodes J. Electrochem. Soc. 1988, 135, 1159 10.1149/1.2095902
448. 2 in Aqueous Electrolytes toward Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting J. Electrochem. Soc. 1998, 145, 3335-3339 10.1149/1.1838808
449. Uosaki, K.; Kita, H. Photocathodic Reactions at p-InP Sol. Energy Mater. 1983, 7, 421-429 10.1016/0165-1633(83)90015-1
450. Döscher, H.; Supplie, O.; May, M. M.; Sippel, P.; Heine, C.; Muñoz, A. G.; Eichberger, R.; Lewerenz, H.-J.; Hannappel, T. Epitaxial III-V Films and Surfaces for Photoelectrocatalysis ChemPhysChem 2012, 13, 2899-2909 10.1002/cphc.201200390
451. 2 Surface Passivation on Improving the Performance of p-InP Photocathodes J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 2308-2313 10.1021/jp5107313
452. Lee, M. H.; Takei, K.; Zhang, J.; Kapadia, R.; Zheng, M.; Chen, Y.-Z.; Nah, J.; Matthews, T. S.; Chueh, Y.-L.; Ager, J. W. et al. p-Type InP Nanopillar Photocathodes for Efficient Solar-Driven Hydrogen Production Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 10760-10764 10.1002/anie.201203174
453. Gao, L.; Cui, Y.; Wang, J.; Cavalli, A.; Standing, A.; Vu, T. T. T.; Verheijen, M. A.; Haverkort, J. E. M.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Notten, P. H. L. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production on InP Nanowire Arrays with Molybdenum Sulfide Electrocatalysts Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 3715-3719 10.1021/nl404540f
454. Hettick, M.; Zheng, M.; Lin, Y.; Sutter-Fella, C. M.; Ager, J. W.; Javey, A. Nonepitaxial Thin-Film InP for Scalable and Efficient Photocathodes J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2015, 6, 2177-2182 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00744
455. Elwell, D.; Feigelson, R. S.; Simkins, M. M. Electrodeposition of Indium Phosphide J. Cryst. Growth 1981, 51, 171-177 10.1016/0022-0248(81)90298-0
456. Sahu, S. N. Aqueous Electrodeposition of InP Semiconductor Films J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 1989, 8, 533-534 10.1007/BF00720288
457. Sahu, S. N. Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of First Aqueous Electrodeposited InP Semiconductor Films Sol. Energy Mater. 1990, 20, 349-358 10.1016/0165-1633(90)90026-W
458. Sahu, S. N. Some Properties of the First Non-Aqueous Electro-Codeposited InP, In and P Thin Films J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 1992, 3, 102-106 10.1007/BF00695724
459. Lobaccaro, P.; Raygani, A.; Oriani, A.; Miani, N.; Piotto, A.; Kapadia, R.; Zheng, M.; Yu, Z.; Magagnin, L.; Chrzan, D. C. et al. Electrodeposition of High-Purity Indium Thin Films and Its Application to Indium Phosphide Solar Cells J. Electrochem. Soc. 2014, 161, D794-D800 10.1149/2.0821414jes
460. Ortega, J.; Herrero, J. Preparation of In X (X = P, As, Sb) Thin Films by Electrochemical Methods J. Electrochem. Soc. 1989, 136, 3388-3391 10.1149/1.2096456
461. 3 Treatment of Electrodeposited In Layers J. Electrochem. Soc. 1995, 142, 1267-1272 10.1149/1.2044162