메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 85-100

Anti-inflammatory properties of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors administred in Alzheimer's disease

Author keywords

Acetylcholine; Alzheimer's disease; Anti acetylcholinesterase; Inflammation

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHEMOKINE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; CYTOKINE; DONEPEZIL; FREE RADICAL; GALANTAMINE; HUPERZINE A; METRIFONATE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; PROSTANOID; RIVASTIGMINE; TACRINE; THIOCTIC ACID;

EID: 67651123211     PISSN: 18715230     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/187152309787580810     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (14)

References (226)
  • 1
    • 34548694728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in Alzheimer therapy: Development of innovative new strategies
    • Greig, N.H.; Giacobini, E.; Lahiri, D.K. Advances in Alzheimer therapy: development of innovative new strategies. Curr. Alzheimer Res., 2007, 4(4), 336-339.
    • (2007) Curr. Alzheimer Res , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 336-339
    • Greig, N.H.1    Giacobini, E.2    Lahiri, D.K.3
  • 2
    • 43649099862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state pharmacokinetics of rivastigmine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease not affected by co-administration of memantine: An open-label, crossover, single-centre study
    • Shua-Haim, J.; Smith, J.; Picard, F.; Sedek, G.; Athalye, S.; Pommier, F.; Lefèvre, G. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of rivastigmine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease not affected by co-administration of memantine: an open-label, crossover, single-centre study. Clin. Drug Invest., 2008, 6, 361-374.
    • (2008) Clin. Drug Invest , vol.6 , pp. 361-374
    • Shua-Haim, J.1    Smith, J.2    Picard, F.3    Sedek, G.4    Athalye, S.5    Pommier, F.6    Lefèvre, G.7
  • 3
    • 0000545124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Donepezil hydrochloride for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
    • Sugimoto, H. Structure-activity relationships of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Donepezil hydrochloride for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Pure Appl. Chem., 1999, 71, 2031-2037.
    • (1999) Pure Appl. Chem , vol.71 , pp. 2031-2037
    • Sugimoto, H.1
  • 5
    • 0034664203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of human acetylcholinesterase inhibition by the novel experimental alzheimer therapeutic agent, tolserine
    • Kamal, M.A.; Greig, N.H.; Alhomida, A.S.; Al-Jafari, A.A. Kinetics of human acetylcholinesterase inhibition by the novel experimental alzheimer therapeutic agent, tolserine. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2000, 60 (4), 561-570.
    • (2000) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 561-570
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Greig, N.H.2    Alhomida, A.S.3    Al-Jafari, A.A.4
  • 6
    • 33644633856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new, simple and economical approach to analyse the inhibition kinetics of acetylcholinesterase using tolserine
    • Kamal, M.A.; Greig, N.H.; Al-Jafari, A.A. A new, simple and economical approach to analyse the inhibition kinetics of acetylcholinesterase using tolserine. Em. Med. J., 2002, 20(3), 333-337.
    • (2002) Em. Med. J , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 333-337
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Greig, N.H.2    Al-Jafari, A.A.3
  • 7
    • 0033787766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition kinetics of two experimental Alzheimer's disease drugs, phenserine and tolserine, in the rat
    • Al-Jafari, A.A.; Kamal, M.A.; Alhomida, A.S.; Greig, N.H. Brain acetylcholinesterase inhibition kinetics of two experimental Alzheimer's disease drugs, phenserine and tolserine, in the rat. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Biophys., 2000, 4, 323-335.
    • (2000) J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Biophys , vol.4 , pp. 323-335
    • Al-Jafari, A.A.1    Kamal, M.A.2    Alhomida, A.S.3    Greig, N.H.4
  • 8
    • 33748742887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurine, an acetylcholine autolysis product, elevates secreted amyloidbeta protein precursor and amyloid-beta peptide levels, and lowers neuronal cell viability in culture: A role in Alzheimer's disease?
    • Tweedie, D.; Brossi, A.; Chen, D.M.; Ge, Y-W.; Bailey, J.; Yu, Q-S.; Kamal, M.A.; Sambamurti, K.; Lahiri, D.K.; Greig, N.H. Neurine, an acetylcholine autolysis product, elevates secreted amyloidbeta protein precursor and amyloid-beta peptide levels, and lowers neuronal cell viability in culture: A role in Alzheimer's disease? J. Alzheimer's Dis., 2006, 10, 9-16.
    • (2006) J. Alzheimer's Dis , vol.10 , pp. 9-16
    • Tweedie, D.1    Brossi, A.2    Chen, D.M.3    Ge, Y.-W.4    Bailey, J.5    Yu, Q.-S.6    Kamal, M.A.7    Sambamurti, K.8    Lahiri, D.K.9    Greig, N.H.10
  • 9
    • 33748751561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of human serum butyrylcholinesterase and its inhibition by a novel experimental Alzheimer therapeutic, bisnorcymserine
    • Kamal, M.A; Yu, Q-S.; Holloway, H.W.; Tweedie, D.; Klein, P.; Greig, N.H. Kinetics of human serum butyrylcholinesterase and its inhibition by a novel experimental Alzheimer therapeutic, bisnorcymserine. J. Alzhemiers. Dis., 2006, 10, 43-51.
    • (2006) J. Alzhemiers. Dis , vol.10 , pp. 43-51
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Yu, Q.-S.2    Holloway, H.W.3    Tweedie, D.4    Klein, P.5    Greig, N.H.6
  • 10
    • 33644613485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic analysis of the inhibition of human butyrylcholinesterase with cymserine
    • Kamal, M.A.; Al-Jafari, A.A.; Yu, Q-S; Greig, N.H. Kinetic analysis of the inhibition of human butyrylcholinesterase with cymserine. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2006, 1760, 200-206.
    • (2006) Biochem. Biophys. Acta , vol.1760 , pp. 200-206
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Al-Jafari, A.A.2    Yu, Q.-S.3    Greig, N.H.4
  • 11
    • 41049107851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of human serum butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by a novel experimental alzheimer therapeutic; dihydrobenzodioxepine cymserine
    • Kamal, M.A.; Klein, P.; Luo, W.; Li, Y.; Holloway, H.W.; Tweedie, D.; Greig, N.H. Kinetics of human serum butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by a novel experimental alzheimer therapeutic; dihydrobenzodioxepine cymserine. Neurochem. Res., 2008, 33, 745-753.
    • (2008) Neurochem. Res , vol.33 , pp. 745-753
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Klein, P.2    Luo, W.3    Li, Y.4    Holloway, H.W.5    Tweedie, D.6    Greig, N.H.7
  • 12
    • 44949096480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kamal, M.A; Qu, X.; Yu, Q-S; Tweedie, D.; Holloway, H.W.; Li, Y.; Tan, Y.; Greig, N.H. Tetrahydrofurobenzofuran cymserine, a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and experimental Alzheimer drug candidate, enzyme kinetic analysis. J. Neural Trans., 2008, 115, 889-898.
    • Kamal, M.A; Qu, X.; Yu, Q-S; Tweedie, D.; Holloway, H.W.; Li, Y.; Tan, Y.; Greig, N.H. Tetrahydrofurobenzofuran cymserine, a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor and experimental Alzheimer drug candidate, enzyme kinetic analysis. J. Neural Trans., 2008, 115, 889-898.
  • 13
    • 37349104938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability in Alzheimer's disease: Causes, consequences, and economic considerations
    • Demakis, G.J. Disability in Alzheimer's disease: causes, consequences, and economic considerations. J. Health Hum. Serv. Adm., 2007, 30, 292-305.
    • (2007) J. Health Hum. Serv. Adm , vol.30 , pp. 292-305
    • Demakis, G.J.1
  • 14
    • 36549083642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroinflammation: Implications for the pathogenesis and molecular diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
    • Rojo, L.E.; Fernández, J.A.; Maccioni, A.A.; Jimenez, J.M.; Maccioni, R.B. Neuroinflammation: implications for the pathogenesis and molecular diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Arch. Med. Res., 2008, 39, 1-16.
    • (2008) Arch. Med. Res , vol.39 , pp. 1-16
    • Rojo, L.E.1    Fernández, J.A.2    Maccioni, A.A.3    Jimenez, J.M.4    Maccioni, R.B.5
  • 15
    • 38449107280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swerdlow, R.H. Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Clin Interv. Aging, 2007, 2, 347-59.
    • Swerdlow, R.H. Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Clin Interv. Aging, 2007, 2, 347-59.
  • 16
    • 34547380204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rogers, J.; Mastroeni, D.; Leonard, B.; Joyce, J.; Grover, A. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: are microglia pathogenic in either disorder? Int. Rev. Neurobiol., 2007, 82, 235-246
    • Rogers, J.; Mastroeni, D.; Leonard, B.; Joyce, J.; Grover, A. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: are microglia pathogenic in either disorder? Int. Rev. Neurobiol., 2007, 82, 235-246
  • 17
    • 33847613885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory processes in Alzheimer's disease
    • Heneka, M.T.; O'Banion, M.K. Inflammatory processes in Alzheimer's disease. J. Neuroimmunol., 2007, 184, 69-91.
    • (2007) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.184 , pp. 69-91
    • Heneka, M.T.1    O'Banion, M.K.2
  • 19
    • 0025899041 scopus 로고
    • Amyloid deposition as the central event in the. etiology of Alzheimer's disease
    • Hard, J.; Allsop, D. Amyloid deposition as the central event in the. etiology of Alzheimer's disease. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 1991, 12, 383-388.
    • (1991) Trends Pharmacol. Sci , vol.12 , pp. 383-388
    • Hard, J.1    Allsop, D.2
  • 20
    • 0028180518 scopus 로고
    • A model for beta-amyloid aggregation and neurotoxicity based on free radical generation by the peptide: Relevance to Alzheimer disease
    • Hensley, K.; Carney, J.M.; Mattson, M.P.; Aksenova, M.; Harris, M.; Wu, J.F.; Floyd, R.A.; Butterfield, D.A. A model for beta-amyloid aggregation and neurotoxicity based on free radical generation by the peptide: relevance to Alzheimer disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91, 3270-3274.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 3270-3274
    • Hensley, K.1    Carney, J.M.2    Mattson, M.P.3    Aksenova, M.4    Harris, M.5    Wu, J.F.6    Floyd, R.A.7    Butterfield, D.A.8
  • 22
    • 0031038918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer's disease. Genotypes, phenotype and treatments
    • Selkoe, D.J. Alzheimer's disease. Genotypes, phenotype and treatments. Science, 1997, 275, 630-631.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 630-631
    • Selkoe, D.J.1
  • 23
    • 0024406110 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis and progression of the pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease
    • Mann, D.M. The pathogenesis and progression of the pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease. Ann. Med., 1989, 21, 133-136
    • (1989) Ann. Med , vol.21 , pp. 133-136
    • Mann, D.M.1
  • 24
    • 0030610645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial activation by Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and modulation by apolipoprotein E
    • Barger, S.W.; Harmon, A.D. Microglial activation by Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and modulation by apolipoprotein E. Nature, 1997, 388, 878-881.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 878-881
    • Barger, S.W.1    Harmon, A.D.2
  • 25
    • 0029896354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease
    • Yankner, B.A. Mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Neuron., 1996, 16, 921-32.
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.16 , pp. 921-932
    • Yankner, B.A.1
  • 26
    • 47849121512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The damage signals hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis
    • Fernández, J.A.; Rojo, L.; Kuljis, R.O.; Maccioni, R.B.: The damage signals hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2008, 14, 329-333.
    • (2008) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.14 , pp. 329-333
    • Fernández, J.A.1    Rojo, L.2    Kuljis, R.O.3    Maccioni, R.B.4
  • 27
    • 0036451888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cholinergic strategies for treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease
    • Doraiswamy, P.M. Non-cholinergic strategies for treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease. CNS Drugs, 2002, 16, 811-824.
    • (2002) CNS Drugs , vol.16 , pp. 811-824
    • Doraiswamy, P.M.1
  • 28
    • 36749062430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular mechanisms for Alzheimer's disease: Understanding APP metabolism
    • Zhang, Y.W.; Xu, H. Molecular and cellular mechanisms for Alzheimer's disease: understanding APP metabolism. Curr. Mol. Med., 2007, 7, 687-696.
    • (2007) Curr. Mol. Med , vol.7 , pp. 687-696
    • Zhang, Y.W.1    Xu, H.2
  • 30
    • 34250698844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate-glutamine cycling in Alzheimer's disease
    • Walton, H.S.; Dodd, P.R. Glutamate-glutamine cycling in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int., 2007, 50, 1052-1066.
    • (2007) Neurochem Int , vol.50 , pp. 1052-1066
    • Walton, H.S.1    Dodd, P.R.2
  • 31
    • 0021646405 scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitter specific alterations in dementing disorders: Insights from animal models
    • Coyle, J.T.; Singer, H.; McKinney, M.; Price, D. Neurotransmitter specific alterations in dementing disorders: insights from animal models. J. Psychiatr. Res., 1984, 18, 501-512.
    • (1984) J. Psychiatr. Res , vol.18 , pp. 501-512
    • Coyle, J.T.1    Singer, H.2    McKinney, M.3    Price, D.4
  • 32
    • 33748451468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and stress signaling in Alzheimer's disease
    • Onyango, I.G.; Khan, S.M. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and stress signaling in Alzheimer's disease. Curr. Alzheimer. Res., 2006, 3, 339-349.
    • (2006) Curr. Alzheimer. Res , vol.3 , pp. 339-349
    • Onyango, I.G.1    Khan, S.M.2
  • 33
    • 20444399515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress in the brain: Novel cellular mechanisms of injury linked to Alzheimer's disease
    • Chong, Z.Z.; Li, F.; Maiese, K. Stress in the brain: novel cellular mechanisms of injury linked to Alzheimer's disease. Brain. Res. Brain Res. Rev., 2005, 49, 1-21.
    • (2005) Brain. Res. Brain Res. Rev , vol.49 , pp. 1-21
    • Chong, Z.Z.1    Li, F.2    Maiese, K.3
  • 35
    • 29744453687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyloid, cholinesterase, melatonin, and metals and their roles in aging and neurodegenerative diseases
    • Lahiri, D.K.; Chen, D.M.; Lahiri, P.; Bondy, S.; Greig, N.H. Amyloid, cholinesterase, melatonin, and metals and their roles in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci., 2005, 1056, 430-449.
    • (2005) Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci , vol.1056 , pp. 430-449
    • Lahiri, D.K.1    Chen, D.M.2    Lahiri, P.3    Bondy, S.4    Greig, N.H.5
  • 36
    • 42149097165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current Alzheimer Research': Update on lipids, estrogen, neurotrophins and their roles in neurodegeneration
    • Lahiri, D.K. Current Alzheimer Research': update on lipids, estrogen, neurotrophins and their roles in neurodegeneration. Curr. Alzheimer Res., 2008, 5, 1-3.
    • (2008) Curr. Alzheimer Res , vol.5 , pp. 1-3
    • Lahiri, D.K.1
  • 37
    • 33746489936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a unifying hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: Cholinergic system linked to plaques, tangles and neuroinflammation
    • Sivaprakasam, K. Towards a unifying hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: cholinergic system linked to plaques, tangles and neuroinflammation. Curr. Med. Chem., 2006, 13, 2179-2188.
    • (2006) Curr. Med. Chem , vol.13 , pp. 2179-2188
    • Sivaprakasam, K.1
  • 38
    • 33646939813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterasics in the treatment of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
    • Porcel, J.; Montalban, X. Anticholinesterasics in the treatment of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci., 2006, 245, 177-181.
    • (2006) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.245 , pp. 177-181
    • Porcel, J.1    Montalban, X.2
  • 40
    • 35748978820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in cholinesterases inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease treatment
    • Musia, A.; Bajda, M.; Malawska, B. Recent developments in cholinesterases inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Curr. Med. Chem., 2007, 14, 2654-2679.
    • (2007) Curr. Med. Chem , vol.14 , pp. 2654-2679
    • Musia, A.1    Bajda, M.2    Malawska, B.3
  • 41
    • 0029610011 scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory response system of brain
    • McGeer, P.L.; McGeer, E.G. The inflammatory response system of brain. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev., 1995, 21, 195-218.
    • (1995) Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev , vol.21 , pp. 195-218
    • McGeer, P.L.1    McGeer, E.G.2
  • 42
    • 84880185810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation, anti-inflammatory agents and Alzheimer disease: The last 12 years
    • McGeer, P.L.; Rogers, J.; McGeer, E.G. Inflammation, anti-inflammatory agents and Alzheimer disease: the last 12 years. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2006, 9, 271-276.
    • (2006) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.9 , pp. 271-276
    • McGeer, P.L.1    Rogers, J.2    McGeer, E.G.3
  • 43
    • 0036685522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation in neurodegenerative disease-a double-edged sword
    • Wyss-Coray, T.; Mucke, L. Inflammation in neurodegenerative disease-a double-edged sword. Neuron, 2002, 35419-35433.
    • (2002) Neuron , pp. 35419-35433
    • Wyss-Coray, T.1    Mucke, L.2
  • 44
    • 47849127085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders
    • Schwab, C.; McGeer, P.L. Inflammatory aspects of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2008, 13, 359-369.
    • (2008) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.13 , pp. 359-369
    • Schwab, C.1    McGeer, P.L.2
  • 45
    • 0034651101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: Inhibition of beta-amyloid-stimulated proinflammatory responses and neurotoxicity by PPARgamma agonists
    • Combs, C.K.; Johnson, D.E.; Karlo, J.C.; Cannady, S.B.; Landreth, G.E. Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: inhibition of beta-amyloid-stimulated proinflammatory responses and neurotoxicity by PPARgamma agonists. J. Neurosci., 2000, 20, 558-567.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 558-567
    • Combs, C.K.1    Johnson, D.E.2    Karlo, J.C.3    Cannady, S.B.4    Landreth, G.E.5
  • 46
    • 0035936009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease?
    • Breitner, J.C.; Zandi, P.P. Do nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease? N. Engl. J. Med., 2001, 345, 1567-1568.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.345 , pp. 1567-1568
    • Breitner, J.C.1    Zandi, P.P.2
  • 48
    • 43149102747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of NSAIDs on the development of Alzheimer disease
    • Vlad, S.C.; Miller, D.R.; Kowall, N.W.; Felson, D.T. Protective effects of NSAIDs on the development of Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 2008, 70, 1672-1677.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1672-1677
    • Vlad, S.C.1    Miller, D.R.2    Kowall, N.W.3    Felson, D.T.4
  • 49
    • 43249120645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: Dead or alive?
    • Aisen, P.S. The inflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer disease: dead or alive? Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord., 2008, 22, 4-5.
    • (2008) Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord , vol.22 , pp. 4-5
    • Aisen, P.S.1
  • 50
    • 0035831189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-amyloid-induced glial expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebral cortex of aged transgenic Tg2576 mice with Alzheimer plaque pathology
    • Apelt, R.; Schliebs, J. Beta-amyloid-induced glial expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebral cortex of aged transgenic Tg2576 mice with Alzheimer plaque pathology. Brain Res., 2001, 894, 21-30.
    • (2001) Brain Res , vol.894 , pp. 21-30
    • Apelt, R.1    Schliebs, J.2
  • 51
    • 14944367845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia as a potential bridge between the amyloid beta-peptide and tau
    • Kitazawa, M.; Yamasaki, T.R.; LaFerla, F.M. Microglia as a potential bridge between the amyloid beta-peptide and tau. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 2004, 1035, 85-103.
    • (2004) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci , vol.1035 , pp. 85-103
    • Kitazawa, M.1    Yamasaki, T.R.2    LaFerla, F.M.3
  • 52
    • 28444435458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation, the complement system and the diseases of aging
    • McGeer, E.G.; Klegeris, A.; McGeer, P.L. Inflammation, the complement system and the diseases of aging. Neurobiol. Aging, 2005, 26, 997.
    • (2005) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.26 , pp. 997
    • McGeer, E.G.1    Klegeris, A.2    McGeer, P.L.3
  • 53
    • 0037101616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation-dependent cerebral deposition of serum amyloid a protein in a mouse model of amyloidosis
    • Guo, J.T.; Yu, J.; Grass, D.; de Beer, F.C.; Kindy, M.S. Inflammation-dependent cerebral deposition of serum amyloid a protein in a mouse model of amyloidosis. J. Neurosci., 2002, 22, 5900-5909.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 5900-5909
    • Guo, J.T.1    Yu, J.2    Grass, D.3    de Beer, F.C.4    Kindy, M.S.5
  • 54
    • 25444505871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigations with cultured human microglia on pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases
    • Walker, D.G.; Lue, L.F. Investigations with cultured human microglia on pathogenic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. J. Neurosci. Res., 2005, 8, 412-425.
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.8 , pp. 412-425
    • Walker, D.G.1    Lue, L.F.2
  • 56
    • 20444364844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of microglia by aggregated beta-amyloid or lipopolysaccharide impairs MHC-II expression and renders them cytotoxic whereas IFN-gamma and IL-4 render them protective
    • Butovsky, O.; Talpalar, A.E.; Ben-Yaakov, K.; Schwartz, M. Activation of microglia by aggregated beta-amyloid or lipopolysaccharide impairs MHC-II expression and renders them cytotoxic whereas IFN-gamma and IL-4 render them protective. Mol. Cell Neurosci., 2005, 29, 381-393.
    • (2005) Mol. Cell Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 381-393
    • Butovsky, O.1    Talpalar, A.E.2    Ben-Yaakov, K.3    Schwartz, M.4
  • 57
    • 0141991166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement activation and regulation in Alzheimer's disease
    • Shen, Y.; Meri, S. Complement activation and regulation in Alzheimer's disease. Prog. Neurobiol., 2003, 70, 463-472.
    • (2003) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.70 , pp. 463-472
    • Shen, Y.1    Meri, S.2
  • 59
    • 0037791771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of complement in the central nervous system
    • van Beek, J.; Elward, K.; Gasque, P. Activation of complement in the central nervous system. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 2003, 992, 56-71.
    • (2003) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci , vol.992 , pp. 56-71
    • van Beek, J.1    Elward, K.2    Gasque, P.3
  • 60
    • 0036841667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The possible role of complement activation in Alzheimer disease
    • McGeer, P.L.; McGeer, E.G. The possible role of complement activation in Alzheimer disease. Trends Mol. Med., 2002, 8, 519-523.
    • (2002) Trends Mol. Med , vol.8 , pp. 519-523
    • McGeer, P.L.1    McGeer, E.G.2
  • 61
    • 0030175273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hereditary deficiencies in complement C5 are associated with intensified neurodegenerative responses that implicate new roles for the C-system in neuronal and astrocytic functions
    • Pasinetti, G.M.; Tocco, G.; Sakhi, S.; Musleh, W.D.; DeSimoni, M.G.; Mascarucci, P.; Schreiber, S.; Baudry, M.; Finch, C.E. Hereditary deficiencies in complement C5 are associated with intensified neurodegenerative responses that implicate new roles for the C-system in neuronal and astrocytic functions. Neurobiol. Dis., 1996, 3, 197-204.
    • (1996) Neurobiol. Dis , vol.3 , pp. 197-204
    • Pasinetti, G.M.1    Tocco, G.2    Sakhi, S.3    Musleh, W.D.4    DeSimoni, M.G.5    Mascarucci, P.6    Schreiber, S.7    Baudry, M.8    Finch, C.E.9
  • 63
    • 0030250852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of complement and activated microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
    • Eikelenboom, P.; Veerhuis, R. The role of complement and activated microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 1996, 17, 673-680.
    • (1996) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.17 , pp. 673-680
    • Eikelenboom, P.1    Veerhuis, R.2
  • 64
    • 0027966134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snyder, S.W.; Wang, G.T.; Barrett, L; Ladror, U.S.; Casuto, D.; Lee, C.M.; Krafft, G.A.; Holzman, R.B.; Holzman, T.F. Complement C1q does not bind monomeric beta-amyloid. Exp. Neurol., 1994, 128, 136-142.
    • Snyder, S.W.; Wang, G.T.; Barrett, L; Ladror, U.S.; Casuto, D.; Lee, C.M.; Krafft, G.A.; Holzman, R.B.; Holzman, T.F. Complement C1q does not bind monomeric beta-amyloid. Exp. Neurol., 1994, 128, 136-142.
  • 65
    • 0033526660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNAs and proteins in human brain and peripheral organs
    • Yasojima, K.; Schwab, C.; McGeer, E.G.; McGeer, P.L. Distribution of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNAs and proteins in human brain and peripheral organs. Brain Res., 1999, 830, 226-236.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.830 , pp. 226-236
    • Yasojima, K.1    Schwab, C.2    McGeer, E.G.3    McGeer, P.L.4
  • 66
    • 0029053689 scopus 로고
    • Complement expression in human brain. Biosynthesis of terminal pathway components and regulators in human glial cells and cell lines
    • Gasque, P.; Fontaine, M.; Morgan, B.P. Complement expression in human brain. Biosynthesis of terminal pathway components and regulators in human glial cells and cell lines. J. Immunol., 1995, 154, 4726-4733.
    • (1995) J. Immunol , vol.154 , pp. 4726-4733
    • Gasque, P.1    Fontaine, M.2    Morgan, B.P.3
  • 67
    • 3242766671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of C1q leads to less neuropathology in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
    • Fonseca, M.I.; Zhou, J.; Botto, M.; Tenner, A.J. Absence of C1q leads to less neuropathology in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. J. Neurosci., 2004, 24, 6457-6465.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 6457-6465
    • Fonseca, M.I.1    Zhou, J.2    Botto, M.3    Tenner, A.J.4
  • 68
    • 32144454172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation
    • Charo, I.F.; Ransohoff, R.M. The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation. N. Engl. J. Med., 2006, 354, 610-621.
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.354 , pp. 610-621
    • Charo, I.F.1    Ransohoff, R.M.2
  • 69
    • 0032917904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines/chemokine receptors in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease
    • Xia, M.Q.; Hyman, B.T. Chemokines/chemokine receptors in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease. J. Neurovirol., 1999, 5, 32-41.
    • (1999) J. Neurovirol , vol.5 , pp. 32-41
    • Xia, M.Q.1    Hyman, B.T.2
  • 73
    • 0031848322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical study of the beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 and their ligands in normal and Alzheimer's disease brains
    • Xia, M.Q.; Qin, S.X.; Wu, L.J.; Mackay, C.R.; Hyman, B.T. Immunohistochemical study of the beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 and their ligands in normal and Alzheimer's disease brains. Am. J. Pathol., 1998, 153, 31-37.
    • (1998) Am. J. Pathol , vol.153 , pp. 31-37
    • Xia, M.Q.1    Qin, S.X.2    Wu, L.J.3    Mackay, C.R.4    Hyman, B.T.5
  • 74
    • 4944258716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease
    • Tuppo, E.E.; Arias, H.R. The role of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 2005, 37, 289-305.
    • (2005) Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol , vol.37 , pp. 289-305
    • Tuppo, E.E.1    Arias, H.R.2
  • 75
    • 0033029151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TGF-beta(1), regulation of alzheimer amyloid precursor protein mRNA expression in a normal human astrocyte cell line: MRNA stabilization
    • Amara, F.M.; Junaid, A.; Clough, R.R.; Liang, B.H. TGF-beta(1), regulation of alzheimer amyloid precursor protein mRNA expression in a normal human astrocyte cell line: mRNA stabilization. Mol. Brain Res., 1999, 71, 42-49.
    • (1999) Mol. Brain Res , vol.71 , pp. 42-49
    • Amara, F.M.1    Junaid, A.2    Clough, R.R.3    Liang, B.H.4
  • 76
    • 0032964511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of cytokine production, screening of lymphocyte subset patterns and in vitro apoptosis in healthy and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) individuals
    • Lombardi, V.R.; García, M.; Rey, L.; Cacabelos, R. Characterization of cytokine production, screening of lymphocyte subset patterns and in vitro apoptosis in healthy and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) individuals. J. Neuroimmunol., 1999, 97, 163-171.
    • (1999) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.97 , pp. 163-171
    • Lombardi, V.R.1    García, M.2    Rey, L.3    Cacabelos, R.4
  • 78
    • 0027354484 scopus 로고
    • Microglia and cytokines in neurological disease, with special reference to AIDS and Alzheimer's disease
    • Dickson, D.W.; Lee, S.C.; Mattiace, L.A.; Yen, S.H.; Brosnan, C. Microglia and cytokines in neurological disease, with special reference to AIDS and Alzheimer's disease. Glia, 1993, 7, 75-83.
    • (1993) Glia , vol.7 , pp. 75-83
    • Dickson, D.W.1    Lee, S.C.2    Mattiace, L.A.3    Yen, S.H.4    Brosnan, C.5
  • 79
    • 0030583248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic induction of nitric oxide by beta-amyloid and cytokines in astrocytes
    • Rossi, F.; Bianchini, E. Synergistic induction of nitric oxide by beta-amyloid and cytokines in astrocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1996, 225, 474-478.
    • (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , vol.225 , pp. 474-478
    • Rossi, F.1    Bianchini, E.2
  • 80
    • 0026760984 scopus 로고
    • Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, colony-stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Aloisi, F.; Care, A.; Borsellino, G.; Gallo, P.; Rosa, S.; Bassani, A.; Cabibbo, A.; Testa, U.; Levi, G.; Peschle, C. Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, colony-stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J. Immunol., 1992, 149, 2358-2366.
    • (1992) J. Immunol , vol.149 , pp. 2358-2366
    • Aloisi, F.1    Care, A.2    Borsellino, G.3    Gallo, P.4    Rosa, S.5    Bassani, A.6    Cabibbo, A.7    Testa, U.8    Levi, G.9    Peschle, C.10
  • 81
    • 0026722679 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulate the production of colony-stimulating factor 1 by murine astrocytes
    • Thery, C.; Stanley, E.R.; Mallat, M. Interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulate the production of colony-stimulating factor 1 by murine astrocytes. J. Neurochem., 1992, 59, 1183-1186.
    • (1992) J. Neurochem , vol.59 , pp. 1183-1186
    • Thery, C.1    Stanley, E.R.2    Mallat, M.3
  • 82
    • 0034233382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pervasiveness of interleukin-1 in alzheimer pathogenesis: A role for specific polymorphisms in disease risk
    • Griffin, W.S.; Nicoll, J.A.; Grimaldi, L.M.; Sheng, J.G.; Mrak, R.E. The pervasiveness of interleukin-1 in alzheimer pathogenesis: a role for specific polymorphisms in disease risk. Exp. Gerontol., 2000, 35, 481-487.
    • (2000) Exp. Gerontol , vol.35 , pp. 481-487
    • Griffin, W.S.1    Nicoll, J.A.2    Grimaldi, L.M.3    Sheng, J.G.4    Mrak, R.E.5
  • 84
    • 0035690976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1, neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer's disease
    • Mrak, R.E.; Griffin, W.S. Interleukin-1, neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 2001, 22, 903-908.
    • (2001) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.22 , pp. 903-908
    • Mrak, R.E.1    Griffin, W.S.2
  • 85
    • 0025092159 scopus 로고
    • Proliferation of astrocytes in vitro in response to cytokines. A primary role for tumor necrosis factor
    • Selmaj, K.W.; Farooq, M.; Norton, W.T.; Raine, C.S.; Brosnan, C.F. Proliferation of astrocytes in vitro in response to cytokines. A primary role for tumor necrosis factor. J. Immunol., 1990, 144, 129-135.
    • (1990) J. Immunol , vol.144 , pp. 129-135
    • Selmaj, K.W.1    Farooq, M.2    Norton, W.T.3    Raine, C.S.4    Brosnan, C.F.5
  • 86
    • 0031028141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive decline in avoidance learning paralleled by inflammatory neurodegeneration in transgenic mice expressing interleukin 6 in the brain
    • Heyser, C.J.; Masliah, E.; Samimi, A.; Campbell, I.L.; Gold, L.H. Progressive decline in avoidance learning paralleled by inflammatory neurodegeneration in transgenic mice expressing interleukin 6 in the brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1997, 940, 1500-1505.
    • (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.94 , Issue.0 , pp. 1500-1505
    • Heyser, C.J.1    Masliah, E.2    Samimi, A.3    Campbell, I.L.4    Gold, L.H.5
  • 87
    • 0024323353 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6: The major regulator of acute-phase protein synthesis in man and rat
    • Castell, J.V.; Andus, T.; Kunz, D.; Heinrich, P.C. Interleukin-6: The major regulator of acute-phase protein synthesis in man and rat. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. USA, 1989, 557, 87-101.
    • (1989) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.557 , pp. 87-101
    • Castell, J.V.1    Andus, T.2    Kunz, D.3    Heinrich, P.C.4
  • 88
    • 0034523456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costimulatory effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha on the synthesis of Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42 by human astrocytes
    • Blasko, I.; Veerhuis, R.; Stampfer-Kountchev, M.; Saurwein-Teissl, M.; Eikelenboom, P.; Grubeck-Loebenstein, B. Costimulatory effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha on the synthesis of Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42 by human astrocytes. Neurobiol. Dis., 2000, 7, 682-689.
    • (2000) Neurobiol. Dis , vol.7 , pp. 682-689
    • Blasko, I.1    Veerhuis, R.2    Stampfer-Kountchev, M.3    Saurwein-Teissl, M.4    Eikelenboom, P.5    Grubeck-Loebenstein, B.6
  • 89
    • 0029033167 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta protect neurons against amyloid beta-peptide toxicity: Evidence for involvement of a kappa B-binding factor and attenuation of peroxide and Ca2+ accumulation
    • Barger, S.W.; Horster, D.; Furukawa, K.; Goodman, Y.; Krieglstein, J.; Mattson, M.P. Tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta protect neurons against amyloid beta-peptide toxicity: evidence for involvement of a kappa B-binding factor and attenuation of peroxide and Ca2+ accumulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1995, 92, 9328-9332.
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.92 , pp. 9328-9332
    • Barger, S.W.1    Horster, D.2    Furukawa, K.3    Goodman, Y.4    Krieglstein, J.5    Mattson, M.P.6
  • 90
    • 0035866060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combs, C.K.; Karlo, J.C.; Kao, S.C.; Landreth, G.E. beta-Amyloid stimulation of microglia and monocytes results in TNFalphadependent expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and neuronal apoptosis. J. Neurosci., 2001, 21, 1179-1188.
    • Combs, C.K.; Karlo, J.C.; Kao, S.C.; Landreth, G.E. beta-Amyloid stimulation of microglia and monocytes results in TNFalphadependent expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and neuronal apoptosis. J. Neurosci., 2001, 21, 1179-1188.
  • 91
    • 0034612175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akiyama, H.; Barger, S.; Barnum, S.; Bradt, B.; Bauer, J.; Cole, G.M.; Cooper, N.R.; Eikelenboom, P.; Emmerling, M.; Fiebich, B.L.; Finch, C.E.; Frautschy, S.; Griffin, W.S.; Hampel, H.; Hull, M.; Landreth, G.; Lue, L.; Mrak, R.; Mackenzie, I.R.; McGeer, P.L.; O'Banion, M.K.; Pachter, J.; Pasinetti, G.; Plata-Salaman, C.; Rogers, J.; Rydel, R.; Shen, Y.; Streit, W.; Strohmeyer, R.; Tooyoma, I.; Van Muiswinkel, F.L.; Veerhuis, R.; Walker, D.; Webster, S.; Wegrzyniak, B.; Wenk, G.; Wyss-Coray, T. Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 2000, 21, 383-421.
    • Akiyama, H.; Barger, S.; Barnum, S.; Bradt, B.; Bauer, J.; Cole, G.M.; Cooper, N.R.; Eikelenboom, P.; Emmerling, M.; Fiebich, B.L.; Finch, C.E.; Frautschy, S.; Griffin, W.S.; Hampel, H.; Hull, M.; Landreth, G.; Lue, L.; Mrak, R.; Mackenzie, I.R.; McGeer, P.L.; O'Banion, M.K.; Pachter, J.; Pasinetti, G.; Plata-Salaman, C.; Rogers, J.; Rydel, R.; Shen, Y.; Streit, W.; Strohmeyer, R.; Tooyoma, I.; Van Muiswinkel, F.L.; Veerhuis, R.; Walker, D.; Webster, S.; Wegrzyniak, B.; Wenk, G.; Wyss-Coray, T. Inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 2000, 21, 383-421.
  • 92
    • 0032621790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNFalpha plus IFNgamma induce the production of Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptides and decrease the secretion of APPs
    • Blasko, I.; Marx, F.; Steiner, E.; Hartmann, T.; Grubeck- Loebenstein, B. TNFalpha plus IFNgamma induce the production of Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptides and decrease the secretion of APPs. FASEB J., 1999, 13, 63-8.
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13 , pp. 63-68
    • Blasko, I.1    Marx, F.2    Steiner, E.3    Hartmann, T.4    Grubeck- Loebenstein, B.5
  • 94
    • 1542283611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroinflammatory perspectives on the two faces of Alzheimer's disease
    • Eikelenboom, P.; van Gool,W.A. Neuroinflammatory perspectives on the two faces of Alzheimer's disease. J. Neural Transm., 2004, 111, 281-294.
    • (2004) J. Neural Transm , vol.111 , pp. 281-294
    • Eikelenboom, P.1    van Gool, W.A.2
  • 96
    • 33646841989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-amyloid stimulates murine postnatal and adult microglia cultures in a unique manner
    • Floden, A.M.; Combs, C.K. Beta-amyloid stimulates murine postnatal and adult microglia cultures in a unique manner. J. Neurosci. 2006, 26, 4644-4648.
    • (2006) J. Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 4644-4648
    • Floden, A.M.1    Combs, C.K.2
  • 97
    • 23444455475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • β-amyloid protein structure determines the nature of cytokine release from rat microglia
    • Lindberg, C.; Selenica, M.L.B.; Westlind-Danielsson, A.; Schultzberg, M. β-amyloid protein structure determines the nature of cytokine release from rat microglia. J. Mol. Neurosci., 2005, 27, 1-12.
    • (2005) J. Mol. Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 1-12
    • Lindberg, C.1    Selenica, M.L.B.2    Westlind-Danielsson, A.3    Schultzberg, M.4
  • 98
    • 0034802570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunological aspects of microglia: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease
    • Benveniste, E.N.; Nguyen, V.T.; O'Keefe, G.M. Immunological aspects of microglia: relevance to Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem. Int., 2001, 39, 381-391.
    • (2001) Neurochem. Int , vol.39 , pp. 381-391
    • Benveniste, E.N.1    Nguyen, V.T.2    O'Keefe, G.M.3
  • 99
    • 0036849018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia as a source and target of cytokines
    • Hanisch, U.K. Microglia as a source and target of cytokines. Glia, 2002, 40, 140-155.
    • (2002) Glia , vol.40 , pp. 140-155
    • Hanisch, U.K.1
  • 100
    • 0036644961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine receptors in human microglia
    • Lee, Y.B.; Nagai, A.; Kim, S.U. Cytokines, chemokines, and cytokine receptors in human microglia. J. Neurosci. Res., 2002, 69, 94-103.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.69 , pp. 94-103
    • Lee, Y.B.1    Nagai, A.2    Kim, S.U.3
  • 103
    • 0028675999 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines, inflammation, and brain injury: Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Feuerstein, G.Z.; Liu, T.; Barone, F.C. Cytokines, inflammation, and brain injury: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Cerebrovasc. Brain Metab. Rev., 1994, 6, 341-360.
    • (1994) Cerebrovasc. Brain Metab. Rev , vol.6 , pp. 341-360
    • Feuerstein, G.Z.1    Liu, T.2    Barone, F.C.3
  • 104
    • 0035690770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory factors are elevated in brain microvessels in Alzheimer's disease
    • Grammas, P.; Ovase, R. Inflammatory factors are elevated in brain microvessels in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 2001, 22, 837-842.
    • (2001) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.22 , pp. 837-842
    • Grammas, P.1    Ovase, R.2
  • 105
    • 33745252827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intrathecal TGF-beta1, but not IL-12, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels in Alzheimer's disease patients
    • Rota, E.; Bellone, G.; Rocca, P.; Bergamasco, B.; Emanuelli, G.; Ferrero, P. Increased intrathecal TGF-beta1, but not IL-12, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels in Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurol. Sci., 2006, 27, 33-39.
    • (2006) Neurol. Sci , vol.27 , pp. 33-39
    • Rota, E.1    Bellone, G.2    Rocca, P.3    Bergamasco, B.4    Emanuelli, G.5    Ferrero, P.6
  • 106
    • 0035255055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-4, IL- 10 and IL-13 modulate A beta(1-42)-induced cytokine and chemokine production in primary murine microglia and a human monocyte cell line
    • Szczepanik, A.M.; Funes, S.; Petko,W.; Ringheim, G.E. IL-4, IL- 10 and IL-13 modulate A beta(1-42)-induced cytokine and chemokine production in primary murine microglia and a human monocyte cell line. J. Neuroimmunol., 2001, 113, 49-62.
    • (2001) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.113 , pp. 49-62
    • Szczepanik, A.M.1    Funes, S.2    Petko, W.3    Ringheim, G.E.4
  • 107
    • 0035085610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyloid-beta peptide fragments p3 and p4 induce pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in vitro and in vivo
    • Szczepanik, A.M.; Rampe, D.; Ringheim, G.E. Amyloid-beta peptide fragments p3 and p4 induce pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in vitro and in vivo. J. Neurochem., 2001, 77, 304-317.
    • (2001) J. Neurochem , vol.77 , pp. 304-317
    • Szczepanik, A.M.1    Rampe, D.2    Ringheim, G.E.3
  • 108
    • 14844322281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors effects on oncostatin-M, interleukin- 1 beta and interleukin-6 release from lymphocytes of Alzheimer's disease patients
    • Reale, M.; Iarlori, C.; Gambi, F.; Lucci, I.; Salvatore, M.; Gambi, D. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors effects on oncostatin-M, interleukin- 1 beta and interleukin-6 release from lymphocytes of Alzheimer's disease patients. Exp. Gerontol., 2005, 40, 165-171.
    • (2005) Exp. Gerontol , vol.40 , pp. 165-171
    • Reale, M.1    Iarlori, C.2    Gambi, F.3    Lucci, I.4    Salvatore, M.5    Gambi, D.6
  • 109
    • 0032896588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenase-2: Molecular biology, pharmacology, and neurobiology
    • O'Banion, M.K. Cyclooxygenase-2: molecular biology, pharmacology, and neurobiology. Crit. Rev. Neurobiol., 1999, 13, 45-82.
    • (1999) Crit. Rev. Neurobiol , vol.13 , pp. 45-82
    • O'Banion, M.K.1
  • 113
    • 0033694033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenases in the central nervous system: Implications for treatment of neurological disorders
    • Yermakova, A.; O'Banion, M.K. Cyclooxygenases in the central nervous system: implications for treatment of neurological disorders. Curr. Pharm. Des., 2000, 6, 1755-1776.
    • (2000) Curr. Pharm. Des , vol.6 , pp. 1755-1776
    • Yermakova, A.1    O'Banion, M.K.2
  • 114
    • 0030994412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cultured microglia by prostaglandin E2, cyclic AMP and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
    • Minghetti, L.; Polazzi, E.; Nicolini, A.; Creminon, C.; Levi, G. Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cultured microglia by prostaglandin E2, cyclic AMP and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Eur. J. Neurosci. 1997, 9, 934-940.
    • (1997) Eur. J. Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 934-940
    • Minghetti, L.1    Polazzi, E.2    Nicolini, A.3    Creminon, C.4    Levi, G.5
  • 116
    • 34249729416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin E receptors
    • Sugimoto, Y; Narumiya, S. Prostaglandin E receptors. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, 282, 11613-11617.
    • (2007) J. Biol. Chem , vol.282 , pp. 11613-11617
    • Sugimoto, Y.1    Narumiya, S.2
  • 117
    • 4444274138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial expression of prostaglandin EP3 receptor in excitotoxic lesions in the rat striatum
    • Slawik, H.; Volk, B.; Fiebich, B.; Hull, M. Microglial expression of prostaglandin EP3 receptor in excitotoxic lesions in the rat striatum. Neurochem. Int., 2004, 45, 653-660.
    • (2004) Neurochem. Int , vol.45 , pp. 653-660
    • Slawik, H.1    Volk, B.2    Fiebich, B.3    Hull, M.4
  • 118
    • 17144380506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia lacking E Prostanoid Receptor subtype 2 have enhanced Abeta phagocytosis yet lack Abeta-activated neurotoxicity
    • Shie, F.S.; Breyer, R.M.; Montine, T.J. Microglia lacking E Prostanoid Receptor subtype 2 have enhanced Abeta phagocytosis yet lack Abeta-activated neurotoxicity. Am. J. Pathol., 2005, 166, 1163-1172.
    • (2005) Am. J. Pathol , vol.166 , pp. 1163-1172
    • Shie, F.S.1    Breyer, R.M.2    Montine, T.J.3
  • 119
    • 0035205575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of prostaglandin E2-induced interleukin-6 release in astrocytes: Possible involvement of EP4-like receptors, p38 mitogen- activated protein kinase and protein kinase C
    • Fiebich, B.L.; Schleicher, S.; Spleiss, O.; Czygan, M.; Hull, M. Mechanisms of prostaglandin E2-induced interleukin-6 release in astrocytes: possible involvement of EP4-like receptors, p38 mitogen- activated protein kinase and protein kinase C. J. Neurochem., 2001, 79, 950-958.
    • (2001) J. Neurochem , vol.79 , pp. 950-958
    • Fiebich, B.L.1    Schleicher, S.2    Spleiss, O.3    Czygan, M.4    Hull, M.5
  • 121
    • 46149084859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin receptor EP2 protects dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA-mediated low oxidative stress
    • Carrasco, E.; Werner, P.; Casper, D. Prostaglandin receptor EP2 protects dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA-mediated low oxidative stress. Neurosci. Lett., 2008, 441, 44-49.
    • (2008) Neurosci. Lett , vol.441 , pp. 44-49
    • Carrasco, E.1    Werner, P.2    Casper, D.3
  • 124
    • 0030951257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of cyclo-oxygenase 2 in brains of patients with Down's syndrome and dementia of Alzheimer type: Specific localization in affected neurones and axons
    • Oka, A.; Takashima, S. Induction of cyclo-oxygenase 2 in brains of patients with Down's syndrome and dementia of Alzheimer type: specific localization in affected neurones and axons. Neuroreport, 1997, 8, 1161-1164.
    • (1997) Neuroreport , vol.8 , pp. 1161-1164
    • Oka, A.1    Takashima, S.2
  • 125
    • 0035693794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 expression in end stage Alzheimer's disease
    • Yermakova, A.V.; O'Banion, M.K. Downregulation of neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 expression in end stage Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging, 2001, 22, 823-836.
    • (2001) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.22 , pp. 823-836
    • Yermakova, A.V.1    O'Banion, M.K.2
  • 126
    • 0031453714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenase 2 RNA message abundance, stability, and hypervariability in sporadic Alzheimer neocortex
    • Lukiw, W.J.; Bazan, N.G. Cyclooxygenase 2 RNA message abundance, stability, and hypervariability in sporadic Alzheimer neocortex. J. Neurosci. Res., 1997, 50, 937-945.
    • (1997) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.50 , pp. 937-945
    • Lukiw, W.J.1    Bazan, N.G.2
  • 127
    • 0041302369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the relative contribution of COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms to ischemia-induced oxidative damage and neurodegeneration following transient global cerebral ischemia
    • Candelario-Jalil, E.; Gonzalez-Falcon, A.; Garcia-Cabrera, M.; Alvarez, D.; Al Dalain, S.; Martinez, G.; Leon, O.S.; Springer, J.E. Assessment of the relative contribution of COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms to ischemia-induced oxidative damage and neurodegeneration following transient global cerebral ischemia. J. Neurochem., 2003, 86, 545-55.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem , vol.86 , pp. 545-555
    • Candelario-Jalil, E.1    Gonzalez-Falcon, A.2    Garcia-Cabrera, M.3    Alvarez, D.4    Al Dalain, S.5    Martinez, G.6    Leon, O.S.7    Springer, J.E.8
  • 129
    • 0032725481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclooxygenase-1 in human Alzheimer and control brain: Quantitative analysis of expression by microglia and CA3 hippocampal neurons
    • Yermakova, A.V.; Rollins, J.; Callahan, L.M.; Rogers, J.; O'Banion, M.K. Cyclooxygenase-1 in human Alzheimer and control brain: quantitative analysis of expression by microglia and CA3 hippocampal neurons. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 1999, 58, 1135-1146.
    • (1999) J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 1135-1146
    • Yermakova, A.V.1    Rollins, J.2    Callahan, L.M.3    Rogers, J.4    O'Banion, M.K.5
  • 130
    • 10444280038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-function studies on nitric oxide synthases
    • Li, H.; Poulos, T.L. Structure-function studies on nitric oxide synthases. J. Inorg. Biochem., 2005, 99, 293-305.
    • (2005) J. Inorg. Biochem , vol.99 , pp. 293-305
    • Li, H.1    Poulos, T.L.2
  • 131
    • 0026486613 scopus 로고
    • Induction of calcium-independent nitric oxide synthase activity in primary rat glial cultures
    • Galea, E.; Feinstein, D.L.; Reis, D.J. Induction of calcium-independent nitric oxide synthase activity in primary rat glial cultures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1992, 89, 10945-49.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 10945-10949
    • Galea, E.1    Feinstein, D.L.2    Reis, D.J.3
  • 132
  • 133
    • 0034769118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and the immune response
    • Bogdan, C. Nitric oxide and the immune response. Nat. Immunol., 2001, 2, 907-916.
    • (2001) Nat. Immunol , vol.2 , pp. 907-916
    • Bogdan, C.1
  • 135
    • 2642605346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis in neuronal PC12 cells after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha/lipopolysaccharide
    • Heneka, M.T.; Loschmann, P.A.; Gleichmann, M.; Weller, M.; Schulz, J.B.; Wullner, U.; Klockgether, T. Induction of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis in neuronal PC12 cells after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha/lipopolysaccharide. J. Neurochem., 1998, 71, 88-94.
    • (1998) J. Neurochem , vol.71 , pp. 88-94
    • Heneka, M.T.1    Loschmann, P.A.2    Gleichmann, M.3    Weller, M.4    Schulz, J.B.5    Wullner, U.6    Klockgether, T.7
  • 136
    • 0026774797 scopus 로고
    • Induction of nitric oxide synthase in glial cells
    • Simmons, M.L.; Murphy, S. Induction of nitric oxide synthase in glial cells. J. Neurochem., 1992, 59, 897-905.
    • (1992) J. Neurochem , vol.59 , pp. 897-905
    • Simmons, M.L.1    Murphy, S.2
  • 138
    • 0031127418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide synthase in reactive astrocytes adjacent to beta-amyloid plaques
    • Wallace, M.N.; Geddes, J.G.; Farquhar, D.A.; Masson, M.R. Nitric oxide synthase in reactive astrocytes adjacent to beta-amyloid plaques. Exp. Neurol., 1997, 144, 266-272.
    • (1997) Exp. Neurol , vol.144 , pp. 266-272
    • Wallace, M.N.1    Geddes, J.G.2    Farquhar, D.A.3    Masson, M.R.4
  • 139
    • 0026702955 scopus 로고
    • Microglial-produced nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxides mediate neuronal cell death
    • Boje, K.M.; Arora, P.K. Microglial-produced nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxides mediate neuronal cell death. Brain Res., 1992, 587, 250-256.
    • (1992) Brain Res , vol.587 , pp. 250-256
    • Boje, K.M.1    Arora, P.K.2
  • 140
    • 1842531469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaction of organic peroxyl radicals with •NO:2 and •NO in aqueous solution: Intermediacy of organic peroxynitrate and peroxynitrite species
    • Goldstein, S.; Lind, J.; Merényi, G. Reaction of organic peroxyl radicals with •NO:2 and •NO in aqueous solution: Intermediacy of organic peroxynitrate and peroxynitrite species. J. Phys. Chem. A., 2004, 108, 1719-1725.
    • (2004) J. Phys. Chem. A , vol.108 , pp. 1719-1725
    • Goldstein, S.1    Lind, J.2    Merényi, G.3
  • 141
    • 0025883342 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide: Physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology
    • Moncada, S.R.; Palmer, M.J.; Higgs, E.A. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol. Rev., 1991, 43, 109-142.
    • (1991) Pharmacol. Rev , vol.43 , pp. 109-142
    • Moncada, S.R.1    Palmer, M.J.2    Higgs, E.A.3
  • 142
    • 0026663451 scopus 로고
    • Effect of NO synthase inhibition on NMDA- and ischaemia-induced hippocampal lesions
    • Moncada, C.; Lekieffre, D.; Arvin, B.; Meldrum, B. Effect of NO synthase inhibition on NMDA- and ischaemia-induced hippocampal lesions. Neuroreport., 1992, 3, 530-532.
    • (1992) Neuroreport , vol.3 , pp. 530-532
    • Moncada, C.1    Lekieffre, D.2    Arvin, B.3    Meldrum, B.4
  • 143
    • 0030108525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine-stimulated astrocytes damage human neurons via a nitric oxide mechanism
    • Chao, C.C.; Hu, S.; Sheng, W.S.; Bu, D.; Bukrinsky, M.I.; Peterson, P.K. Cytokine-stimulated astrocytes damage human neurons via a nitric oxide mechanism. Glia, 1996, 16, 276-284.
    • (1996) Glia , vol.16 , pp. 276-284
    • Chao, C.C.1    Hu, S.2    Sheng, W.S.3    Bu, D.4    Bukrinsky, M.I.5    Peterson, P.K.6
  • 144
    • 0028089896 scopus 로고
    • Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase causes delayed neurotoxicity in primary mixed neuronal-glial cortical cultures
    • Dawson, V.L.; Brahmbhatt, H.P.; Mong, J.A.; Dawson, T.M. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase causes delayed neurotoxicity in primary mixed neuronal-glial cortical cultures. Neuropharmacology, 1994, 33, 1425-1430.
    • (1994) Neuropharmacology , vol.33 , pp. 1425-1430
    • Dawson, V.L.1    Brahmbhatt, H.P.2    Mong, J.A.3    Dawson, T.M.4
  • 145
    • 0027221653 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide synthase induction in glial cells: Effect on neuronal survival
    • Demerle-Pallardy, C.; Lonchampt, M.O.; Chabrier, P.E.; Braquet, P. Nitric oxide synthase induction in glial cells: effect on neuronal survival. Life Sci., 1993, 52, 1883-1890.
    • (1993) Life Sci , vol.52 , pp. 1883-1890
    • Demerle-Pallardy, C.1    Lonchampt, M.O.2    Chabrier, P.E.3    Braquet, P.4
  • 146
    • 34347383021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and nitroxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease
    • Malinski, T. Nitric oxide and nitroxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2007, 11, 207-218.
    • (2007) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.11 , pp. 207-218
    • Malinski, T.1
  • 147
    • 34547673497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxynitrite: Biochemistry,. pathophysiology and development of therapeutics
    • Szabó, C.; Ischiropoulos, H.; Radi, R. Peroxynitrite: biochemistry,. pathophysiology and development of therapeutics. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 2007, 6, 662-680.
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov , vol.6 , pp. 662-680
    • Szabó, C.1    Ischiropoulos, H.2    Radi, R.3
  • 148
    • 36749005178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of inflammatory neurodegeneration: INOS and NADPH oxidase
    • Brown, G.C. Mechanisms of inflammatory neurodegeneration: iNOS and NADPH oxidase. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 2007, 35, 1119-1121.
    • (2007) Biochem. Soc. Trans , vol.35 , pp. 1119-1121
    • Brown, G.C.1
  • 149
    • 0041784698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory neurodegeneration mediated by nitric oxide, glutamate, and mitochondria
    • Brown, G.C.; Bal-Price, A. Inflammatory neurodegeneration mediated by nitric oxide, glutamate, and mitochondria. Mol. Neurobiol., 2003, 27, 325-355.
    • (2003) Mol. Neurobiol , vol.27 , pp. 325-355
    • Brown, G.C.1    Bal-Price, A.2
  • 152
    • 0034612148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory hypotheses: Novel mechanisms of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration and new therapeutic targets?
    • Praticò, D.; Trojanowski, J.Q. Inflammatory hypotheses: novel mechanisms of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration and new therapeutic targets? Neurobiol. Aging, 2000, 21, 441-445.
    • (2000) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.21 , pp. 441-445
    • Praticò, D.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2
  • 157
    • 0035134690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An independent non-neuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes
    • Fuji, T.; Kawashima, K. An independent non-neuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes. Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 2001, 85, 11-15.
    • (2001) Jpn. J. Pharmacol , vol.85 , pp. 11-15
    • Fuji, T.1    Kawashima, K.2
  • 158
    • 0037470634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A -induced TNF-α expression and acetylcholine action in mouse glial cells
    • Nomura, J.; Hosoi, T.; Okuma, Y.; Nomura, Y. A -induced TNF-α expression and acetylcholine action in mouse glial cells. Life Sci., 2003, 72, 2121-2126.
    • (2003) Life Sci , vol.72 , pp. 2121-2126
    • Nomura, J.1    Hosoi, T.2    Okuma, Y.3    Nomura, Y.4
  • 159
    • 0345086476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of mRNA expression for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in human mononuclear leukocytes and leukemic cell lines
    • Sato, K.Z.; Fujii, T.; Watanabe, Y.; Yamada, S.; Ando, T.; Fujimoto, K.; Kawashima, K. Diversity of mRNA expression for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in human mononuclear leukocytes and leukemic cell lines. Neurosci. Lett., 1999, 266, 17-20.
    • (1999) Neurosci. Lett , vol.266 , pp. 17-20
    • Sato, K.Z.1    Fujii, T.2    Watanabe, Y.3    Yamada, S.4    Ando, T.5    Fujimoto, K.6    Kawashima, K.7
  • 160
    • 0034104866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraneuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes
    • Kawashima, K.; Fuji, T. Extraneuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes. Pharmacol. Ther., 2000, 86, 29-48.
    • (2000) Pharmacol. Ther , vol.86 , pp. 29-48
    • Kawashima, K.1    Fuji, T.2
  • 161
    • 0037375479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upregulation of mRNA encoding the M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in human T- and B-lymphocytes during immunological responses
    • Fuji, T.; Watanebe,Y.; Inoue, T.; Kawashima, K. Upregulation of mRNA encoding the M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in human T- and B-lymphocytes during immunological responses. Neurochem. Res., 2003, 28, 423-429.
    • (2003) Neurochem. Res , vol.28 , pp. 423-429
    • Fuji, T.1    Watanebe, Y.2    Inoue, T.3    Kawashima, K.4
  • 166
    • 47849132772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral chemokine receptors, their ligands, cytokines and Alzheimer's disease
    • Reale, M.; Iarlori, C.; Feliciani, C.; Gambi D. Peripheral chemokine receptors, their ligands, cytokines and Alzheimer's disease. J. Alzheimer's Dis., 2008, 14, 147-159.
    • (2008) J. Alzheimer's Dis , vol.14 , pp. 147-159
    • Reale, M.1    Iarlori, C.2    Feliciani, C.3    Gambi, D.4
  • 167
    • 0035196471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible and irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors cause changes in neuronal amyloid precursor protein processing and protein kinase C level in vitro
    • Pakaski, M.; Rakonczay, Z.; Kasa, P. Reversible and irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors cause changes in neuronal amyloid precursor protein processing and protein kinase C level in vitro. Neurochem. Int., 2001, 38, 219-226.
    • (2001) Neurochem. Int , vol.38 , pp. 219-226
    • Pakaski, M.1    Rakonczay, Z.2    Kasa, P.3
  • 168
    • 0032080309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable complexes involving acetylcholinesterase and amyloid-β peptide change the biochemical properties of the enzyme and increase the neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's fibrils
    • Alvarez, A.; Alarcon, R.; Opazo, C.; Campos, E.O.; Munoz, F.J.; Calderon, F.H.; Dajas, F.; Gentry, M.K.; Doctor, B.P.; De Mello, F.G.; Inestrosa, N.C. Stable complexes involving acetylcholinesterase and amyloid-β peptide change the biochemical properties of the enzyme and increase the neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's fibrils. J. Neurosci., 1998, 18, 3213-3223.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 3213-3223
    • Alvarez, A.1    Alarcon, R.2    Opazo, C.3    Campos, E.O.4    Munoz, F.J.5    Calderon, F.H.6    Dajas, F.7    Gentry, M.K.8    Doctor, B.P.9    De Mello, F.G.10    Inestrosa, N.C.11
  • 171
    • 10744222732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in Alzheimer patients modulates the expression and production of the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines
    • Reale, M.; Iarlori, C.; Gambi, F.; Feiciani, C.; Salone, A.; Toma, L.; De Luca, G.; Salvatore, M.; Conti, P.; Gambi, D. Treatment with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in Alzheimer patients modulates the expression and production of the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. J. Neuroimmunol., 2004, 148, 162-71.
    • (2004) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.148 , pp. 162-171
    • Reale, M.1    Iarlori, C.2    Gambi, F.3    Feiciani, C.4    Salone, A.5    Toma, L.6    De Luca, G.7    Salvatore, M.8    Conti, P.9    Gambi, D.10
  • 172
    • 23044465288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and production of two selected betachemokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Iarlori, C.; Gambi, D.; Gambi, F.; Lucci, I; Feliciani, C.; Salvatore, M.; Reale, M. Expression and production of two selected betachemokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease. Exp. Gerontol., 2005, 40, 605-11.
    • (2005) Exp. Gerontol , vol.40 , pp. 605-611
    • Iarlori, C.1    Gambi, D.2    Gambi, F.3    Lucci, I.4    Feliciani, C.5    Salvatore, M.6    Reale, M.7
  • 173
    • 37249057800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase as possible markers of low-grade systemic inflammation
    • Das, U.N. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase as possible markers of low-grade systemic inflammation. Med. Sci. Monit., 2007, 13, RA214-21.
    • (2007) Med. Sci. Monit , vol.13
    • Das, U.N.1
  • 174
    • 0037491975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase in the human thalamus
    • Darvesh, S.; Hopkins, D.A. Differential distribution of butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase in the human thalamus. J. Comp. Neurol., 2003, 11, 463, 25-43.
    • (2003) J. Comp. Neurol , vol.11 , Issue.463 , pp. 25-43
    • Darvesh, S.1    Hopkins, D.A.2
  • 176
    • 4043074138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors: New roles and therapeutic alternatives
    • Giacobini, E. Cholinesterase inhibitors: new roles and therapeutic alternatives. Pharmacol. Res., 2004, 50, 433-440.
    • (2004) Pharmacol. Res , vol.50 , pp. 433-440
    • Giacobini, E.1
  • 177
    • 0026794041 scopus 로고
    • Changes in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease resemble embryonic development - a study of molecular forms
    • Arendt, T.; Brückner, M.K.; Lange, M.; Bigl, V. Changes in acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease resemble embryonic development - a study of molecular forms. Neurochem. Int., 1992, 21, 381-396.
    • (1992) Neurochem. Int , vol.21 , pp. 381-396
    • Arendt, T.1    Brückner, M.K.2    Lange, M.3    Bigl, V.4
  • 178
    • 0023161530 scopus 로고
    • Molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid
    • Atack, J.R.; Perry, E.K.; Bonham, J.R.; Perry, R.H. Molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. J. Neurochem., 1987, 48, 1845-1850.
    • (1987) J. Neurochem , vol.48 , pp. 1845-1850
    • Atack, J.R.1    Perry, E.K.2    Bonham, J.R.3    Perry, R.H.4
  • 179
    • 0029863697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase accelerates assembly of amyloid-beta-peptides into Alzheimer's fibrils: Possible role of the peripheral site of the enzyme
    • Inestrosa, N.C.; Alvarez, A.; Pérez, C.A.; Moreno, R.D.; Vicente, M.; Linker, C.; Casanueva, O.I.; Soto, C.; Garrido, J. Acetylcholinesterase accelerates assembly of amyloid-beta-peptides into Alzheimer's fibrils: possible role of the peripheral site of the enzyme. Neuron, 1996, 16, 881-891.
    • (1996) Neuron , vol.16 , pp. 881-891
    • Inestrosa, N.C.1    Alvarez, A.2    Pérez, C.A.3    Moreno, R.D.4    Vicente, M.5    Linker, C.6    Casanueva, O.I.7    Soto, C.8    Garrido, J.9
  • 180
    • 4444365676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: An update
    • Leonard, B.E. Pharmacotherapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: an update. World Psychiatry, 2004, 3, 84-88
    • (2004) World Psychiatry , vol.3 , pp. 84-88
    • Leonard, B.E.1
  • 181
    • 0028270519 scopus 로고
    • A 30-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The Tacrine Study Group
    • Knapp, M.J.; Knopman, D.S.; Solomon, P.R.; Pendlebury, W.W.; Davis, C.S.; Gracon, S.I. A 30-week randomized controlled trial of high-dose tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The Tacrine Study Group. JAMA, 1994, 27, 985-991.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.27 , pp. 985-991
    • Knapp, M.J.1    Knopman, D.S.2    Solomon, P.R.3    Pendlebury, W.W.4    Davis, C.S.5    Gracon, S.I.6
  • 182
    • 0034685887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic analysis of the toxicological effect of tacrine (Cognex®) on human retinal acetylcholinesterase activity
    • Alhomida, S.; Al-Rajhi, A.S.; Kamal, M.A.; Al-Jafari, A.A. Kinetic analysis of the toxicological effect of tacrine (Cognex®) on human retinal acetylcholinesterase activity. Toxicology, 2000, 147, 33-39.
    • (2000) Toxicology , vol.147 , pp. 33-39
    • Alhomida, S.1    Al-Rajhi, A.S.2    Kamal, M.A.3    Al-Jafari, A.A.4
  • 183
    • 0031637354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Al-Jafari, A.A.; Kamal, M.A.; Alhomida, A.S. Sensitivity of bovine retinal acetylcholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) toward tacrine: kinetic characterization. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 1998, 12, 245-251.
    • Al-Jafari, A.A.; Kamal, M.A.; Alhomida, A.S. Sensitivity of bovine retinal acetylcholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) toward tacrine: kinetic characterization. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 1998, 12, 245-251.
  • 184
    • 0034219406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic analysis of human retinal acetylcholinesterase inhibition using an anti-Alzheimer's drug, tacrine, through the development of a dual substrate and temperature model
    • Kamal, M.A.; Alhomida, A.S.; Al-Rajhi, A.A.; Al-Jafari, A.A. Thermodynamic analysis of human retinal acetylcholinesterase inhibition using an anti-Alzheimer's drug, tacrine, through the development of a dual substrate and temperature model. Proc. Natl. Sci. Coun. Repub. China B, 2000, 24, 108-115.
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Sci. Coun. Repub. China B , vol.24 , pp. 108-115
    • Kamal, M.A.1    Alhomida, A.S.2    Al-Rajhi, A.A.3    Al-Jafari, A.A.4
  • 185
    • 0037111266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient populations in clinical trials of the efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia
    • Pratt, R.D. Patient populations in clinical trials of the efficacy and tolerability of donepezil in patients with vascular dementia. J. Neurol. Sci., 2002, 20, 57-65.
    • (2002) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.20 , pp. 57-65
    • Pratt, R.D.1
  • 186
    • 43649099862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state pharmacokinetics of rivastigmine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease not affected by co-administration of memantine: An open-label, crossover, single-centre study
    • Shua-Haim, J.; Smith, J.; Picard, F.; Sedek, G.; Athalye, S.; Pommier, F.; Lefèvre, G. Steady-state pharmacokinetics of rivastigmine in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease not affected by co-administration of memantine: an open-label, crossover, single-centre study. Clin. Drug Investig., 2008, 28, 361-374.
    • (2008) Clin. Drug Investig , vol.28 , pp. 361-374
    • Shua-Haim, J.1    Smith, J.2    Picard, F.3    Sedek, G.4    Athalye, S.5    Pommier, F.6    Lefèvre, G.7
  • 189
    • 0034048390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain hypoplasia caused by exposure to trichlorfon and dichlorvos during development can be ascribed to DNA alkylation damage and inhibition of DNA alkyltransferase repair
    • Mehl, A.; Rolseth, V.; Gordon, S.; Bjoraas, M.; Seeberg, E.; Fonnum, F. Brain hypoplasia caused by exposure to trichlorfon and dichlorvos during development can be ascribed to DNA alkylation damage and inhibition of DNA alkyltransferase repair. Neurotoxicology, 2000, 21, 165-173.
    • (2000) Neurotoxicology , vol.21 , pp. 165-173
    • Mehl, A.1    Rolseth, V.2    Gordon, S.3    Bjoraas, M.4    Seeberg, E.5    Fonnum, F.6
  • 190
    • 0015361825 scopus 로고
    • The alkylating properties of organophosphates
    • Bedford, C.T.; Robinson; J. The alkylating properties of organophosphates. Xenobiotic, 1972, 2, 307-337.
    • (1972) Xenobiotic , vol.2 , pp. 307-337
    • Bedford, C.T.1    Robinson, J.2
  • 191
    • 0001137761 scopus 로고
    • Two organophosphorus compounds were studied, DDVP, and metrifonate (trichlorfon, O,Odimethyl2,2,2trichlorolhydroxyethylphosphonate)
    • Barthel, W.F.; Alexander, B.H.; Giang, P.A.; Hall, S.A. Two organophosphorus compounds were studied, DDVP, and metrifonate (trichlorfon, O,Odimethyl2,2,2trichlorolhydroxyethylphosphonate). J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 2424-2455.
    • (1955) J. Amer. Chem. Soc , vol.77 , pp. 2424-2455
    • Barthel, W.F.1    Alexander, B.H.2    Giang, P.A.3    Hall, S.A.4
  • 192
    • 0142010609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against amyloid beta peptide and iron/hydrogen peroxide toxicity by alpha lipoic acid
    • Lovell, M.A.; Xie, C.; Xiong, S.; Markesbery, W.R. Protection against amyloid beta peptide and iron/hydrogen peroxide toxicity by alpha lipoic acid. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2003, 5, 229-239.
    • (2003) J. Alzheimers Dis , vol.5 , pp. 229-239
    • Lovell, M.A.1    Xie, C.2    Xiong, S.3    Markesbery, W.R.4
  • 193
    • 0035955513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-lipoic acid protects rat cortical neurons against cell death induced by amyloid and hydrogen peroxide through the Akt signalling pathway
    • Zhang, L.; Xing, G.Q.; Barker, J.L.; Chang, Y.; Maric, D.; Ma, W.; Li, B.S.; Rubinow, D.R. Alpha-lipoic acid protects rat cortical neurons against cell death induced by amyloid and hydrogen peroxide through the Akt signalling pathway. Neurosci. Lett., 2001, 312, 125-128.
    • (2001) Neurosci. Lett , vol.312 , pp. 125-128
    • Zhang, L.1    Xing, G.Q.2    Barker, J.L.3    Chang, Y.4    Maric, D.5    Ma, W.6    Li, B.S.7    Rubinow, D.R.8
  • 194
    • 33746412987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RS-alpha-lipoic acid protects cholinergic cells against sodium nitroprusside and amyloid-beta neurotoxicity through restoration of acetyl-CoA level
    • Bielarczyk, H.; Gul, S.; Ronowska, A.; Bizon-Zygmanska, D.; Pawelczyk, T.; Szutowicz, A.R. RS-alpha-lipoic acid protects cholinergic cells against sodium nitroprusside and amyloid-beta neurotoxicity through restoration of acetyl-CoA level. J. Neurochem., 2006, 98, 1242-1251.
    • (2006) J. Neurochem , vol.98 , pp. 1242-1251
    • Bielarczyk, H.1    Gul, S.2    Ronowska, A.3    Bizon-Zygmanska, D.4    Pawelczyk, T.5    Szutowicz, A.R.6
  • 196
    • 37049019288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of hippocampal interneurons following nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation
    • Szabo, S.I.; Zelles, T.; Lendvai, B. Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of hippocampal interneurons following nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation. Neurochem. Int., 2008, 52, 135-141.
    • (2008) Neurochem. Int , vol.52 , pp. 135-141
    • Szabo, S.I.1    Zelles, T.2    Lendvai, B.3
  • 199
    • 0028199942 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells of Alzheimer patients and their disease stage
    • Huberman, M.; Shalit, F.; Roth-Deri, I.; Gutman, B.; Brodie, C.; Kott, E.; Sredni, B.: Correlation of cytokine secretion by mononuclear cells of Alzheimer patients and their disease stage. J. Neuroimmunol., 1994, 52, 147-152.
    • (1994) J. Neuroimmunol , vol.52 , pp. 147-152
    • Huberman, M.1    Shalit, F.2    Roth-Deri, I.3    Gutman, B.4    Brodie, C.5    Kott, E.6    Sredni, B.7
  • 200
    • 0034704593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of TH2 polarization by the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
    • Gu, L.; Tseng, S.; Homer, R.M.; Tam, C.; Loda, M.; Rollins, B.J. Control of TH2 polarization by the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Nature, 2000, 404, 407-411.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 407-411
    • Gu, L.1    Tseng, S.2    Homer, R.M.3    Tam, C.4    Loda, M.5    Rollins, B.J.6
  • 201
    • 0031948073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secretion of TH-2-type cytokines by acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-stimulated mononuclear cells
    • Ragheb, S.; Lisak, R.P. Secretion of TH-2-type cytokines by acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-stimulated mononuclear cells. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1998, 841, 347-350.
    • (1998) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci , vol.841 , pp. 347-350
    • Ragheb, S.1    Lisak, R.P.2
  • 202
    • 0027197996 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective role of IL-4 against activated microglia
    • Chao, C.C.; Molitor, T.W; Hu, S. Neuroprotective role of IL-4 against activated microglia. J. Immunol., 1993, 151, 1473-1481.
    • (1993) J. Immunol , vol.151 , pp. 1473-1481
    • Chao, C.C.1    Molitor, T.W.2    Hu, S.3
  • 203
    • 0033230204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal death in cytokine-activated primary human brain cell culture: Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Downen, M.; Amaral, T.D.; Hua, L.L.; Zhao, M.L.; Lee, S.C. Neuronal death in cytokine-activated primary human brain cell culture: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Glia, 1999, 28, 114-127.
    • (1999) Glia , vol.28 , pp. 114-127
    • Downen, M.1    Amaral, T.D.2    Hua, L.L.3    Zhao, M.L.4    Lee, S.C.5
  • 204
    • 0035131536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in interleukin-2 synthesis in lymphocytes
    • Okuma, Y.; Nomura, Y. Roles of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in interleukin-2 synthesis in lymphocytes. Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 2001, 85, 16-19.
    • (2001) Jpn. J. Pharmacol , vol.85 , pp. 16-19
    • Okuma, Y.1    Nomura, Y.2
  • 205
    • 0032571352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of acetylcholine and expression of mRNA for muscarinic receptor subtypes in T-lymphocytes
    • Kawashima, K.; Fujii, T.; Watanabe, Y.; Misawa, H. Synthesis of acetylcholine and expression of mRNA for muscarinic receptor subtypes in T-lymphocytes. Life Sci., 1998, 62, 1701-1705.
    • (1998) Life Sci , vol.62 , pp. 1701-1705
    • Kawashima, K.1    Fujii, T.2    Watanabe, Y.3    Misawa, H.4
  • 206
    • 0027457818 scopus 로고
    • Presence of m3 subtype muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and receptor-mediated increases in the cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ in Jurkat, a human leukemic helper T lymphocyte line
    • Kaneda, T.; Kitamura, Y.; Nomura, Y. Presence of m3 subtype muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and receptor-mediated increases in the cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ in Jurkat, a human leukemic helper T lymphocyte line. Mol. Pharmacol., 1993, 43, 356-364
    • (1993) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 356-364
    • Kaneda, T.1    Kitamura, Y.2    Nomura, Y.3
  • 207
    • 0030976493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulatory roles of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on T cell antigen receptor/ CD3 complex-mediated interleukin-2 production in human peripheral blood lymphocytes
    • Fujino, H.; Kitamura, Y.; Yada, T.; Uehara, T. Nomura, Y. Stimulatory roles of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on T cell antigen receptor/ CD3 complex-mediated interleukin-2 production in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mol. Pharmacol., 1997, 51, 1007-1014.
    • (1997) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 1007-1014
    • Fujino, H.1    Kitamura, Y.2    Yada, T.3    Uehara, T.4    Nomura, Y.5
  • 208
    • 0019410439 scopus 로고
    • The parallel, time-dependent, bimodal change in lymphocyte cholinergic binding activity and cholinergic influence upon lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity after lymphocyte activation
    • Strom, B.T.; Lane, A.M.; George, K. The parallel, time-dependent, bimodal change in lymphocyte cholinergic binding activity and cholinergic influence upon lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity after lymphocyte activation. J. Immunol., 1981, 127, 705-710.
    • (1981) J. Immunol , vol.127 , pp. 705-710
    • Strom, B.T.1    Lane, A.M.2    George, K.3
  • 209
    • 0036993145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Butyrylcholinesterase: An important new target in Alzheimer's disease therapy
    • Greig, N.H.; Lahiri, D.K.; Sambamurti, K. Butyrylcholinesterase: an important new target in Alzheimer's disease therapy. Int. Psychogeriatr., 2002, 14, 77-91.
    • (2002) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.14 , pp. 77-91
    • Greig, N.H.1    Lahiri, D.K.2    Sambamurti, K.3
  • 210
    • 26044437911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
    • Pavlov, V.A.; Tracey, K.J. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Brain Behav. Immun., 2005, 19, 493-499.
    • (2005) Brain Behav. Immun , vol.19 , pp. 493-499
    • Pavlov, V.A.1    Tracey, K.J.2
  • 211
    • 0037470635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: The nonneuronal cholinergic system in humans
    • Grando, S.A; Kawashima, K.; Wessler, I. Introduction: the nonneuronal cholinergic system in humans. Life Sci., 2003, 72, 2009-2012.
    • (2003) Life Sci , vol.72 , pp. 2009-2012
    • Grando, S.A.1    Kawashima, K.2    Wessler, I.3
  • 212
    • 0037608959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors regulating cell cycle progression are expressed in human gingival keratinocytes
    • Arredondo, J.; Hall, L.L.; Ndoye, A.; Chernyavsky, A.I.; Jolkovsky, D.L.; Grando, S.A. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors regulating cell cycle progression are expressed in human gingival keratinocytes. J. Periodontal. Res., 2003, 38, 79-89.
    • (2003) J. Periodontal. Res , vol.38 , pp. 79-89
    • Arredondo, J.1    Hall, L.L.2    Ndoye, A.3    Chernyavsky, A.I.4    Jolkovsky, D.L.5    Grando, S.A.6
  • 217
    • 0034535351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors stabilize Alzheimer's disease
    • Giacobini, E. Cholinesterase inhibitors stabilize Alzheimer's disease. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 2000, 920, 321-327.
    • (2000) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci , vol.920 , pp. 321-327
    • Giacobini, E.1
  • 218
    • 22144442723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial: Advances in Alzheimer therapy: something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue
    • Greig, N.H.; Lahiri, D.K.; Giacobini, E. Editorial: advances in Alzheimer therapy: something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue. Curr. Alzheimer Res., 2005, 2, 275-279.
    • (2005) Curr. Alzheimer Res , vol.2 , pp. 275-279
    • Greig, N.H.1    Lahiri, D.K.2    Giacobini, E.3
  • 219
    • 35748931165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with anti-PAF activity modulates oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators release in stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Comparison with tacrine
    • Ezoulin, M.J.; Liu, Z.; Dutertre-Catella, H.; Wu, G.; Dong, C.Z.; Heymans, F.; Ombetta, J.E.; Rat, P.; Massicot, F. A new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with anti-PAF activity modulates oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators release in stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Comparison with tacrine. Int. Immunopharmacol., 2007, 7, 1685-1694.
    • (2007) Int. Immunopharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 1685-1694
    • Ezoulin, M.J.1    Liu, Z.2    Dutertre-Catella, H.3    Wu, G.4    Dong, C.Z.5    Heymans, F.6    Ombetta, J.E.7    Rat, P.8    Massicot, F.9
  • 220
    • 0032507596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tacrine and donepezil attenuate the neurotoxic effect of A beta(25-35) in rat PC12 cells
    • Svensson, A.L.; Nordberg, A. Tacrine and donepezil attenuate the neurotoxic effect of A beta(25-35) in rat PC12 cells. Neuroreport., 1998, 9, 1519-1522.
    • (1998) Neuroreport , vol.9 , pp. 1519-1522
    • Svensson, A.L.1    Nordberg, A.2
  • 221
    • 0034284410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huperzine A and tacrine attenuate beta-amyloid peptide-induced oxidative injury
    • Xiao, X.Q.; Wang, R.; Tang, X.C. Huperzine A and tacrine attenuate beta-amyloid peptide-induced oxidative injury. J. Neurosci. Res., 2000, 61, 564-69.
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.61 , pp. 564-569
    • Xiao, X.Q.1    Wang, R.2    Tang, X.C.3
  • 222
    • 39549086775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species inactivate neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and induce long-term depression of fast nicotinic synaptic transmission
    • Campanucci, V.A.; Krishnaswamy, A.; Cooper, E. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species inactivate neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and induce long-term depression of fast nicotinic synaptic transmission. J. Neurosci., 2008, 28, 1733-1744.
    • (2008) J. Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 1733-1744
    • Campanucci, V.A.1    Krishnaswamy, A.2    Cooper, E.3
  • 223
    • 48549100286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species up-regulate CD11b in microglia via nitric oxide: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases
    • Roy, A.; Jana, A.; Yatish, K.; Freidt, M.B.; Fung, Y.K.; Martinson, J.A.; Pahan, K. Reactive oxygen species up-regulate CD11b in microglia via nitric oxide: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 2008, 45, 686-699.
    • (2008) Free Radic. Biol. Med , vol.45 , pp. 686-699
    • Roy, A.1    Jana, A.2    Yatish, K.3    Freidt, M.B.4    Fung, Y.K.5    Martinson, J.A.6    Pahan, K.7
  • 224
    • 0346398206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural inhibition of inflammation: The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
    • Czura, J.C.; Friedman, S. G.; Tracey, K. J. Neural inhibition of inflammation: the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. J. Endotoxin Res., 2003, 9, 409-413.
    • (2003) J. Endotoxin Res , vol.9 , pp. 409-413
    • Czura, J.C.1    Friedman, S.G.2    Tracey, K.J.3
  • 225
    • 0142178155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: A missing link in neuroimmunomodulation
    • Pavlov, V. A.; Wang, H.; Czura, C. J.; Friedman, S. G.; Tracey,. K. J. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a missing link in neuroimmunomodulation. Mol. Med., 2003, 9, 125-134.
    • (2003) Mol. Med , vol.9 , pp. 125-134
    • Pavlov, V.A.1    Wang, H.2    Czura, C.J.3    Friedman, S.G.4    Tracey, K.J.5
  • 226
    • 34249283363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and function of genes encoding cholinergic components in murine immune cells
    • Kawashima, K.; Yoshikawa, K.; Fujii, Y.; Moriwaki,Y. Expression and function of genes encoding cholinergic components in murine immune cells. Life Sci., 2007, 80, 2314-2319.
    • (2007) Life Sci , vol.80 , pp. 2314-2319
    • Kawashima, K.1    Yoshikawa, K.2    Fujii, Y.3    Moriwaki, Y.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.