메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 94, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1613-1638

Nanoscale thermal transport and microrefrigerators on a chip

Author keywords

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs); Embedded nanoparticles; Microrefrigeration; Nanoscale heat transport; Nanotechnology; Quantum dots; Superlattices; Thermal boundary resistance; Thermionics; Thermoelectrics; Thermotunneling

Indexed keywords

CARBON NANOTUBES; INTEGRATED CIRCUITS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; REFRIGERATORS; TEMPERATURE CONTROL; THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES;

EID: 33947312728     PISSN: 00189219     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2006.879787     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (214)

References (163)
  • 3
    • 84886461054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special issue on nanoelectronics and nanoscale processing
    • Nov
    • B. Sheu, P. C. Wu, and S. M. Sze, "Special issue on nanoelectronics and nanoscale processing," Proc. IEEE, vol. 91, no. 11, pp. 1745-1988, Nov. 2003.
    • (2003) Proc. IEEE , vol.91 , Issue.11 , pp. 1745-1988
    • Sheu, B.1    Wu, P.C.2    Sze, S.M.3
  • 6
    • 33947259974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic surface temperature measurements in ICs
    • Aug
    • J. Atlet, W. Claeys, S. Dilhaire, and A. Rubio, "Dynamic surface temperature measurements in ICs," Proc. IEEE, vol. 94, no. 8, pp. 1519-1533, Aug. 2006.
    • (2006) Proc. IEEE , vol.94 , Issue.8 , pp. 1519-1533
    • Atlet, J.1    Claeys, W.2    Dilhaire, S.3    Rubio, A.4
  • 7
    • 0035440479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and batch fabrication of probes for sub-100 nm scanning thermal microscopy
    • Sep
    • L. Shi, O. Kwon, A. C. Miner, and A. Majumdar, "Design and batch fabrication of probes for sub-100 nm scanning thermal microscopy," J. Microelectromech. Syst., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 370-378, Sep. 2001.
    • (2001) J. Microelectromech. Syst , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 370-378
    • Shi, L.1    Kwon, O.2    Miner, A.C.3    Majumdar, A.4
  • 8
    • 0842331452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profiling the thermoelectric power of semiconductor junctions with nanometer resolution
    • H.-K. Lyeo, A. A. Khajetoorians, L. Shi, K. P. Pipe, R. J. Ram, A. Shakouri, and C. K. Shih, "Profiling the thermoelectric power of semiconductor junctions with nanometer resolution," Science, vol. 303, pp. 816-818, 2004.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 816-818
    • Lyeo, H.-K.1    Khajetoorians, A.A.2    Shi, L.3    Pipe, K.P.4    Ram, R.J.5    Shakouri, A.6    Shih, C.K.7
  • 9
  • 10
    • 0035503284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of nanostructured metal films by picosecond acoustics and interferometry
    • K. E. O'Hara, H. Xiaoyuan, and D. G. Cahill, "Characterization of nanostructured metal films by picosecond acoustics and interferometry," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 90, no. 9, pp. 4852-4858, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Phys , vol.90 , Issue.9 , pp. 4852-4858
    • O'Hara, K.E.1    Xiaoyuan, H.2    Cahill, D.G.3
  • 11
    • 0037283210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging setup for temperature, topography, and surface displacement measurements of microelectronic devices
    • Jan
    • S. Grauby, S. Dilhaire, S. Jorez, and W. Claeys, "Imaging setup for temperature, topography, and surface displacement measurements of microelectronic devices," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 645-647, Jan. 2003.
    • (2003) Rev. Sci. Instrum , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 645-647
    • Grauby, S.1    Dilhaire, S.2    Jorez, S.3    Claeys, W.4
  • 12
    • 0037280683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photothermal microscopy of silicon epitaxial layer on silicon substrate with depletion region at the interface
    • Jan
    • T. Ikari, J. P. Roger, and D. Fournier, "Photothermal microscopy of silicon epitaxial layer on silicon substrate with depletion region at the interface," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 553-555, Jan. 2003.
    • (2003) Rev. Sci. Instrum , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 553-555
    • Ikari, T.1    Roger, J.P.2    Fournier, D.3
  • 13
    • 0032071599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-time-scale thermal mapping of microdevices using a scanning thermoreflectance technique,"
    • May
    • Y. S. Ju and K. E. Goodson, "Short-time-scale thermal mapping of microdevices using a scanning thermoreflectance technique," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 306-313, May 1998.
    • (1998) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.120 , Issue.2 , pp. 306-313
    • Ju, Y.S.1    Goodson, K.E.2
  • 14
    • 13744258117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoreflectance based thermal microscope
    • Jan
    • J. Christofferson and A. Shakouri, 'Thermoreflectance based thermal microscope," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 76, pp. 024903-1-024903-6, Jan. 2005.
    • (2005) Rev. Sci. Instrum , vol.76
    • Christofferson, J.1    Shakouri, A.2
  • 15
    • 4444224928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal measurements of active semiconductor micro-structures acquired through the substrate using near IR thermoreflectance
    • Oct
    • _, "Thermal measurements of active semiconductor micro-structures acquired through the substrate using near IR thermoreflectance," Microelectron. J. - Circuits Syst., vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 791-796, Oct. 2004.
    • (2004) Microelectron. J. - Circuits Syst , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 791-796
    • Christofferson, J.1    Shakouri, A.2
  • 16
    • 71749104133 scopus 로고
    • Microscale heat conduction in dielectric thin films,"
    • A. Majumdar, "Microscale heat conduction in dielectric thin films," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 115, pp. 7-16, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.115 , pp. 7-16
    • Majumdar, A.1
  • 17
    • 0036536305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ballistic-diffusive equations for transient heat conduction from nano- to macroscales,"
    • G. Chen, "Ballistic-diffusive equations for transient heat conduction from nano- to macroscales," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 124, pp. 320-328, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.124 , pp. 320-328
    • Chen, G.1
  • 19
    • 33845692228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat generation and transport in nanometer-scale transistors
    • Aug
    • E. Pop, S. Sinha, and K. E. Goodson, "Heat generation and transport in nanometer-scale transistors," Proc. IEEE, vol. 94, no. 8, pp. 1587-1601, Aug. 2006.
    • (2006) Proc. IEEE , vol.94 , Issue.8 , pp. 1587-1601
    • Pop, E.1    Sinha, S.2    Goodson, K.E.3
  • 20
    • 0027574577 scopus 로고
    • A critical examination of the assumptions underlying macroscopic transport equations for silicon devices
    • Apr
    • M. A. Stettler, M. A. Alam, and M. S. Lundstrom, "A critical examination of the assumptions underlying macroscopic transport equations for silicon devices," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 733-740, Apr. 1993.
    • (1993) IEEE Trans. Electron Devices , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 733-740
    • Stettler, M.A.1    Alam, M.A.2    Lundstrom, M.S.3
  • 21
    • 0035927169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of ballistic phonon conduction near hotspots in silicon
    • May 21
    • P. G. Sverdrup, S. Sinha, M. Asheghi, S. Uma, and K. E. Goodson, "Measurement of ballistic phonon conduction near hotspots in silicon," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 78, no. 21, pp. 3331-3333, May 21, 2001.
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.78 , Issue.21 , pp. 3331-3333
    • Sverdrup, P.G.1    Sinha, S.2    Asheghi, M.3    Uma, S.4    Goodson, K.E.5
  • 22
    • 51149220754 scopus 로고
    • Thermal boundary resistance
    • E. T. Swartz and R. O. Pohl, "Thermal boundary resistance," Rev. Mod. Phys., vol. 61, pp. 605-668, 1989.
    • (1989) Rev. Mod. Phys , vol.61 , pp. 605-668
    • Swartz, E.T.1    Pohl, R.O.2
  • 23
    • 0035244510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A scattering-mediated acoustic mismatch model for the prediction of thermal boundary resistance,"
    • Feb
    • R. S. Prasher and P. E. Phelan, "A scattering-mediated acoustic mismatch model for the prediction of thermal boundary resistance," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 123, no. 1, pp. 105-112, Feb. 2001.
    • (2001) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.123 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-112
    • Prasher, R.S.1    Phelan, P.E.2
  • 24
    • 77956707392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonon transport in low-dimensional structures
    • G. Chen, "Phonon transport in low-dimensional structures," Semicond. Semimet., vol. 71, pp. 203-259, 2001.
    • (2001) Semicond. Semimet , vol.71 , pp. 203-259
    • Chen, G.1
  • 25
    • 0036795750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface and strain effects on the thermal conductivity of heterostructures: A molecular dynamics study,"
    • Oct
    • A. R. Abramson, C.-L. Tien, and A. Majumdar, "Interface and strain effects on the thermal conductivity of heterostructures: A molecular dynamics study," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 124, no. 5, pp. 963-970, Oct. 2002.
    • (2002) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.124 , Issue.5 , pp. 963-970
    • Abramson, A.R.1    Tien, C.-L.2    Majumdar, A.3
  • 26
    • 28844499557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenomenological evidence for the phonon hall effect
    • C. Strohm, G. L. J. A. Rikken, and P. Wyder, "Phenomenological evidence for the phonon hall effect," Phys. Rev. Lett., pp. 155 901-155 904, 2005.
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.901 -155 , Issue.904 , pp. 155
    • Strohm, C.1    Rikken, G.L.J.A.2    Wyder, P.3
  • 27
    • 2942606508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonon-boundary scattering in ultrathin single-crystal silicon layers
    • W. Liu and M. Asheghi, "Phonon-boundary scattering in ultrathin single-crystal silicon layers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, p. 3819, 2004.
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.84 , pp. 3819
    • Liu, W.1    Asheghi, M.2
  • 29
    • 0142167495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal conductivity of individual silicon nanowires
    • D. Li, Y. Wu, P. Kim, L. Shi, P. Yang, and A. Majumdar, "Thermal conductivity of individual silicon nanowires," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 83, pp. 2934-2936, 2003.
    • (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.83 , pp. 2934-2936
    • Li, D.1    Wu, Y.2    Kim, P.3    Shi, L.4    Yang, P.5    Majumdar, A.6
  • 31
    • 27144458406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon nanotube ballistic thermal conductance and its limits
    • N. Mingo and D. A. Broido, "Carbon nanotube ballistic thermal conductance and its limits," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95 p. 096105, 2005.
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.95 , pp. 096105
    • Mingo, N.1    Broido, D.A.2
  • 33
    • 0035914983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal transport measurements of individual multiwalled nanotubes
    • P. Kim, L. Shi, A. Majumdar, and P. L. McEuen, "Thermal transport measurements of individual multiwalled nanotubes," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 87, p. 215 502, 2001.
    • (2001) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.87 , pp. 215-502
    • Kim, P.1    Shi, L.2    Majumdar, A.3    McEuen, P.L.4
  • 34
    • 10844277456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal interface properties of Cu-filled vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays
    • Q. Ngo, B. A. Cruden, A. M. Cassell, G. Sims, M. Meyyappan, and C. Y. Yang, "Thermal interface properties of Cu-filled vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays," Nano Lett., vol. 4, pp. 2403-2407, 2004.
    • (2004) Nano Lett , vol.4 , pp. 2403-2407
    • Ngo, Q.1    Cruden, B.A.2    Cassell, A.M.3    Sims, G.4    Meyyappan, M.5    Yang, C.Y.6
  • 35
    • 33947286619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal interface materials: Historical perspective, status, and future directions
    • Aug
    • R. Prasher, 'Thermal interface materials: Historical perspective, status, and future directions," Proc. IEEE, vol. 94, no. 8, pp. 1571-1586, Aug. 2006.
    • (2006) Proc. IEEE , vol.94 , Issue.8 , pp. 1571-1586
    • Prasher, R.1
  • 36
    • 33947287148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of solid state thermoelectric refrigerators and possible applications to on-chip thermal management
    • Aug
    • J. Sharp, J. Bierschenk, and H. B. Lyon, "Overview of solid state thermoelectric refrigerators and possible applications to on-chip thermal management," Proc. IEEE, vol. 94, no. 8, pp. 1602-1612, Aug. 2006.
    • (2006) Proc. IEEE , vol.94 , Issue.8 , pp. 1602-1612
    • Sharp, J.1    Bierschenk, J.2    Lyon, H.B.3
  • 39
    • 0001173915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L. D. Hicks and M. S. Dresselhaus, Effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit, Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, 47, no. 19, pp. 12 727-12 731, 1993.
    • L. D. Hicks and M. S. Dresselhaus, "Effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol. 47, no. 19, pp. 12 727-12 731, 1993.
  • 40
    • 33747401677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric, thermionic and thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
    • Clemson, SC
    • A. Shakouri, "Thermoelectric, thermionic and thermophotovoltaic energy conversion," in Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, Clemson, SC, 2005, pp. 492-497.
    • (2005) Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics , pp. 492-497
    • Shakouri, A.1
  • 41
    • 0000695378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental study of the effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit
    • L. D. Hicks, T. C. Harman, X. Sun, and M. S. Dresselhaus, "Experimental study of the effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol. 53, no. 16, pp. R10493-R104936, 1996.
    • (1996) Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter , vol.53 , Issue.16
    • Hicks, L.D.1    Harman, T.C.2    Sun, X.3    Dresselhaus, M.S.4
  • 44
    • 0842331448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cubic AgPb/sub m/SbTe/sub 2 + m/: Bulk thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit
    • K. F. Hsu, S. Loo, F. Guo, W. Chen, J. S. Dyck, C. Uher, T. Hogan, E. K. Polychroniadis, and M. G. Kanatzidis, "Cubic AgPb/sub m/SbTe/sub 2 + m/: Bulk thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit," Science, vol. 303, no. 5659, pp. 818-821, 2004.
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , Issue.5659 , pp. 818-821
    • Hsu, K.F.1    Loo, S.2    Guo, F.3    Chen, W.4    Dyck, J.S.5    Uher, C.6    Hogan, T.7    Polychroniadis, E.K.8    Kanatzidis, M.G.9
  • 45
    • 77956707392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonon transport in low-dimensional structures
    • G. Chen, "Phonon transport in low-dimensional structures," Semicond. Semimet., vol. 71, pp. 203-259, 2001.
    • (2001) Semicond. Semimet , vol.71 , pp. 203-259
    • Chen, G.1
  • 46
    • 25544433614 scopus 로고
    • Effect of superlattice structure on the thermoelectric figure of merit
    • D. A. Broido and T. L. Reinecke, "Effect of superlattice structure on the thermoelectric figure of merit," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol. 51, pp. 13 797-13 800, 1995.
    • (1995) Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter , vol.51
    • Broido, D.A.1    Reinecke, T.L.2
  • 47
    • 0000498881 scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric figure of merit of superlattices
    • J. O. Sofo and G. D. Mahan, "Thermoelectric figure of merit of superlattices," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 65, pp. 2690-2692, 1994.
    • (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.65 , pp. 2690-2692
    • Sofo, J.O.1    Mahan, G.D.2
  • 48
    • 0036537954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat transfer in nanostructures for solid-state energy conversion,"
    • Apr
    • G. Chen and A. Shakouri, "Heat transfer in nanostructures for solid-state energy conversion," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 124, no. 2, pp. 242-252, Apr. 2002.
    • (2002) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.124 , Issue.2 , pp. 242-252
    • Chen, G.1    Shakouri, A.2
  • 49
    • 0035878380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory of thermoelectric power factor in quantum well and quantum wire superlattices
    • D. A. Broido and T. L. Reinecke, "Theory of thermoelectric power factor in quantum well and quantum wire superlattices," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol. 64, p. 045324, 2001.
    • (2001) Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter , vol.64 , pp. 045324
    • Broido, D.A.1    Reinecke, T.L.2
  • 51
    • 0000019905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonon heat conduction in a semiconductor nanowire
    • J. Zou and A. Balandin, "Phonon heat conduction in a semiconductor nanowire," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 2932-2938, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Phys , vol.89 , Issue.5 , pp. 2932-2938
    • Zou, J.1    Balandin, A.2
  • 52
    • 0141793197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance, magnetoresistance, and thermopower of zinc nanowire composites
    • 076804/4, Aug. 15
    • J. P. Heremans, C. M. Thrush, D. T. Morelli, and M.-C. Wu, "Resistance, magnetoresistance, and thermopower of zinc nanowire composites," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 91, no. 7, pp. 076804/1-076804/4, Aug. 15, 2003.
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.91 , Issue.7 , pp. 076804-076801
    • Heremans, J.P.1    Thrush, C.M.2    Morelli, D.T.3    Wu, M.-C.4
  • 54
    • 33947305172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M. S. Sander, A. L. Prieto, R. Gronsky, T. Sands, and A. M. Stacy, Control and assessment of structure and composition in bismuth telluride nanowire arrays, in Materials Research Soc. Symp. Proc.: Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures Symp., 2002. pp. Y8.35.1-Y8.35.5.
    • M. S. Sander, A. L. Prieto, R. Gronsky, T. Sands, and A. M. Stacy, "Control and assessment of structure and composition in bismuth telluride nanowire arrays," in Materials Research Soc. Symp. Proc.: Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures Symp., 2002. pp. Y8.35.1-Y8.35.5.
  • 57
    • 2342557191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric figure of merit and maximum power factor in III-V semiconductor nanowires
    • N. Mingo, "Thermoelectric figure of merit and maximum power factor in III-V semiconductor nanowires," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 84, p. 2652, 2004.
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.84 , pp. 2652
    • Mingo, N.1
  • 59
    • 18144397257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible thermoelectric nanomaterials
    • Mar. 11
    • T. E. Humphrey and H. Linke, "Reversible thermoelectric nanomaterials," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 94, no. 9, pp. 0966011-0966014, Mar. 11, 2005.
    • (2005) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.94 , Issue.9 , pp. 0966011-0966014
    • Humphrey, T.E.1    Linke, H.2
  • 60
    • 26244465254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermopower enhancement in PbTe with Pb precipitates
    • Sep. 15
    • J. P. Heremans, C. M. Thrush, and D. T. Morelli, "Thermopower enhancement in PbTe with Pb precipitates," J. Appl. Phys. vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 63703-1-63703-6, Sep. 15, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Phys , vol.98 , Issue.6
    • Heremans, J.P.1    Thrush, C.M.2    Morelli, D.T.3
  • 64
    • 0000886827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterostructure integrated thermionic coolers
    • A. Shakouri and J. E. Bowers, "Heterostructure integrated thermionic coolers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 71, pp. 1234-1236, 1997.
    • (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.71 , pp. 1234-1236
    • Shakouri, A.1    Bowers, J.E.2
  • 67
    • 0034317543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monolithic integration of thin-film coolers with optoelectronic devices
    • C. LaBounty, A. Shakouri, P. Abraham, and J. E. Bowers, "Monolithic integration of thin-film coolers with optoelectronic devices," Opt. Eng., vol. 39, pp. 2847-2852, 2000.
    • (2000) Opt. Eng , vol.39 , pp. 2847-2852
    • LaBounty, C.1    Shakouri, A.2    Abraham, P.3    Bowers, J.E.4
  • 68
    • 0000268161 scopus 로고
    • Thermionic refrigeration
    • G. D. Mahan, "Thermionic refrigeration," J. Appl Phys., vol. 76, pp. 4362-4366, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Appl Phys , vol.76 , pp. 4362-4366
    • Mahan, G.D.1
  • 70
    • 0040770932 scopus 로고
    • Multiple potential barriers as a possible mechanism to increase the Seebeck coefficient and electrical power factor
    • D. M. Rowe and G. Min, "Multiple potential barriers as a possible mechanism to increase the Seebeck coefficient and electrical power factor," in Proc. 13th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, 1994, pp. 339-342.
    • (1994) Proc. 13th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics , pp. 339-342
    • Rowe, D.M.1    Min, G.2
  • 71
    • 0000585618 scopus 로고
    • Superlattice applications to thermoelectricity
    • L. W. Whitlow and T. Hirano, "Superlattice applications to thermoelectricity," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 78, pp. 5460-5466, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Appl. Phys , vol.78 , pp. 5460-5466
    • Whitlow, L.W.1    Hirano, T.2
  • 72
    • 0001937126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermionic emission cooling in single barrier heterostructures
    • Jan. 4
    • A. Shakouri, C. LaBounty, J. Piprek, P. Abraham, and J. E. Bowers, "Thermionic emission cooling in single barrier heterostructures," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 88-89, Jan. 4, 1999.
    • (1999) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 88-89
    • Shakouri, A.1    LaBounty, C.2    Piprek, J.3    Abraham, P.4    Bowers, J.E.5
  • 73
    • 0035308048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and characterization of thin film microcoolers
    • Apr. 1
    • C. LaBounty, A. Shakouri, and J. E. Bowers, "Design and characterization of thin film microcoolers," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 89, no. 7, pp. 4059-4064, Apr. 1, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Phys , vol.89 , Issue.7 , pp. 4059-4064
    • LaBounty, C.1    Shakouri, A.2    Bowers, J.E.3
  • 74
    • 29244438208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superlattice microrefrigerators fusion bonded with optoelectronic devices
    • Dec
    • Y. Zhang, G. Zeng, J. Piprek, A. Bar-Cohen, and A. Shakouri, "Superlattice microrefrigerators fusion bonded with optoelectronic devices," IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 658-666, Dec. 2005.
    • (2005) IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 658-666
    • Zhang, Y.1    Zeng, G.2    Piprek, J.3    Bar-Cohen, A.4    Shakouri, A.5
  • 80
    • 2142815781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D. Vashaee and A. Shakouri, Improved thermoelectric power factor in metal-based superlattices, Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, no. 10, pp. 106 103-106 111, 2004.
    • D. Vashaee and A. Shakouri, "Improved thermoelectric power factor in metal-based superlattices," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 92, no. 10, pp. 106 103-106 111, 2004.
  • 81
    • 1142304498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic and thermoelectric transport in semiconductor and metallic superlattices
    • _, "Electronic and thermoelectric transport in semiconductor and metallic superlattices," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 1233-1245, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Appl. Phys , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 1233-1245
    • Shakouri, A.1    LaBounty, C.2    Abraham, P.3    Piprek, J.4    Bowers, J.E.5
  • 83
    • 33645507412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced solid-state thermionic emission in nonplanar heterostructures
    • Jan. 2
    • Z. Bian and A. Shakouri, "Enhanced solid-state thermionic emission in nonplanar heterostructures," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 12102-1-12102-3, Jan. 2, 2006.
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.88 , Issue.1
    • Bian, Z.1    Shakouri, A.2
  • 86
    • 33947309984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C. J. LaBounty, A. Shakouri, G. Robinson, L. Esparza, P. Abraham, and J. E. Bowers, Experimental investigation of thin film InGaAsP coolers, in Materials Research Society Symp. Proc.: Thermoelectric Materials 2000 - The Next Generation Materials for Small-Scale Refrigeration and Power Generation Applications, 2001, 626, pp. Z14.4.1-Z14.4.6.
    • C. J. LaBounty, A. Shakouri, G. Robinson, L. Esparza, P. Abraham, and J. E. Bowers, "Experimental investigation of thin film InGaAsP coolers," in Materials Research Society Symp. Proc.: Thermoelectric Materials 2000 - The Next Generation Materials for Small-Scale Refrigeration and Power Generation Applications, 2001, vol. 626, pp. Z14.4.1-Z14.4.6.
  • 92
    • 33947306807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ANSYS release no. 7.0, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, 2003.
    • ANSYS release no. 7.0, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, 2003.
  • 98
    • 33947308817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Fitting, J. Christofferson, A. Shakouri, X. Fan, G. Zeng, C. LaBounty, J. E. Bowers, and E. Croke, 'Transient response of thin film SiGe micro coolers, presented at the Int. Mechanical Engineering Congr. and Exhibition (IMECE 2001), New York, 2001.
    • A. Fitting, J. Christofferson, A. Shakouri, X. Fan, G. Zeng, C. LaBounty, J. E. Bowers, and E. Croke, 'Transient response of thin film SiGe micro coolers," presented at the Int. Mechanical Engineering Congr. and Exhibition (IMECE 2001), New York, 2001.
  • 99
    • 15744374480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-chip solid-state cooling for integrated circuits using thin-film microrefrigerators
    • Mar
    • A. Shakouri and Y. Zhang, "On-chip solid-state cooling for integrated circuits using thin-film microrefrigerators," IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol., vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 65-69, Mar. 2005.
    • (2005) IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-69
    • Shakouri, A.1    Zhang, Y.2
  • 100
    • 84969773693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid-state microrefrigerators on a chip
    • Jul, to be published
    • K. Fukutani, Y. Zhang, and A. Shakouri, "Solid-state microrefrigerators on a chip," Electron. Cooling Mag., Jul. 2006, to be published.
    • (2006) Electron. Cooling Mag
    • Fukutani, K.1    Zhang, Y.2    Shakouri, A.3
  • 101
    • 33947324771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. California, Santa Barbara
    • X. Fan, Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. California, Santa Barbara, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Fan, X.1
  • 102
    • 33947316669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. California, Santa Cruz
    • D. Vashaee, Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. California, Santa Cruz, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Vashaee, D.1
  • 104
    • 36549099049 scopus 로고
    • Thermal conductivity measurement from 30 to 750 K: The 3omega method
    • D. G. Cahill, "Thermal conductivity measurement from 30 to 750 K: The 3omega method," Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 61, p. 802, 1990.
    • (1990) Rev. Sci. Instrum , vol.61 , pp. 802
    • Cahill, D.G.1
  • 107
    • 36849117925 scopus 로고
    • Special techniques for measurement of thermoelectric properties
    • Sep
    • T. C. Harman, "Special techniques for measurement of thermoelectric properties," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1373-1374, Sep. 1958.
    • (1958) J. Appl. Phys , vol.29 , Issue.9 , pp. 1373-1374
    • Harman, T.C.1
  • 112
    • 84890197217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is ZT the main performance factor for hot spot cooling using 3-D microrefrigerators?
    • presented at the, Palo Alto, CA, Student Competition Award
    • Y. Zhang, G. Zeng, A. Bar-Cohen, and A. Shakouri, "Is ZT the main performance factor for hot spot cooling using 3-D microrefrigerators?," presented at the IMAPS on Thermal Management, Palo Alto, CA, 2005, Student Competition Award.
    • (2005) IMAPS on Thermal Management
    • Zhang, Y.1    Zeng, G.2    Bar-Cohen, A.3    Shakouri, A.4
  • 113
    • 33947320347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermo-electri modeling of multiple micro-coolers for hot-spot thermal management
    • presented at the, San Francisco, CA
    • A. Bar-Cohen, P. Wang, B. Yang, Y. Zhang, and A. Shakouri, "Thermo-electri modeling of multiple micro-coolers for hot-spot thermal management," presented at the InterPack'05 Conf., San Francisco, CA, 2005.
    • (2005) InterPack'05 Conf
    • Bar-Cohen, A.1    Wang, P.2    Yang, B.3    Zhang, Y.4    Shakouri, A.5
  • 114
    • 33947307696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental demonstration of microrefrigerator flip-chip bonded with IC chips for hot-spots thermal management
    • presented at the, San Francisco, CA, Jul
    • Y. Zhang, A. Shakouri, A. Bar-Cohen, P. Wang, and B. Yang, "Experimental demonstration of microrefrigerator flip-chip bonded with IC chips for hot-spots thermal management," presented at the InterPack'05 Conf., San Francisco, CA, Jul. 2005.
    • (2005) InterPack'05 Conf
    • Zhang, Y.1    Shakouri, A.2    Bar-Cohen, A.3    Wang, P.4    Yang, B.5
  • 115
    • 33947304243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-D microrefrigerators application on hot spot removal with trench structures
    • submitted for publication
    • Y. Zhang, G. Zeng, A. Shakouri, and A. Bar-Cohen, "3-D microrefrigerators application on hot spot removal with trench structures," IEEE Trans. Compon. Pacfcag. Technol., 2006, submitted for publication.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans. Compon. Pacfcag. Technol
    • Zhang, Y.1    Zeng, G.2    Shakouri, A.3    Bar-Cohen, A.4
  • 116
    • 8344272114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High power density spot cooling with bulk thermoelectric
    • Oct
    • Y. Zhang, G. Zeng, and A. Shakouri, "High power density spot cooling with bulk thermoelectric," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 85, no. 14, pp. 2977-2979, Oct. 2004.
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.85 , Issue.14 , pp. 2977-2979
    • Zhang, Y.1    Zeng, G.2    Shakouri, A.3
  • 118
    • 0033298039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric power factor for electrically conductive polymers
    • A. Shakouri and S. Li, "Thermoelectric power factor for electrically conductive polymers," Proc. Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, 1999, pp. 402-406.
    • (1999) Proc. Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics , pp. 402-406
    • Shakouri, A.1    Li, S.2
  • 119
    • 84949784118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric micro devices: Current state, recent development and future aspects for technological progress and applications
    • H. Bottner, "Thermoelectric micro devices: current state, recent development and future aspects for technological progress and applications," in Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics (ICT02), pp. 511-518.
    • Proc. 21st Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics (ICT02) , pp. 511-518
    • Bottner, H.1
  • 120
    • 79955980977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced thermoelectric cooling at cold junction interfaces
    • Apr. 22
    • U. Ghoshal, S. Ghoshal, C. McDowell, L. Shi, S. Cordes, and M. Farinelli, "Enhanced thermoelectric cooling at cold junction interfaces," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80, no. 16, pp. 3006-3008, Apr. 22, 2002.
    • (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.80 , Issue.16 , pp. 3006-3008
    • Ghoshal, U.1    Ghoshal, S.2    McDowell, C.3    Shi, L.4    Cordes, S.5    Farinelli, M.6
  • 121
    • 0043287304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric microdevice fabricated by a MEMS-like electrochemical process
    • Aug
    • G. J. Snyder, J. R. Lim, C.-K. Huang, and J.-P. Fleurial, 'Thermoelectric microdevice fabricated by a MEMS-like electrochemical process," Nature Mater., vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 528-531, Aug. 2003.
    • (2003) Nature Mater , vol.2 , Issue.8 , pp. 528-531
    • Snyder, G.J.1    Lim, J.R.2    Huang, C.-K.3    Fleurial, J.-P.4
  • 123
    • 33947312746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Tritt, Ed., Semiconductors and Semimetals, 69-71, Recent Trends in Thermoelectric Materials Research, pt. I-III. New York: Academic, 2000.
    • T. Tritt, Ed., Semiconductors and Semimetals, vol. 69-71, Recent Trends in Thermoelectric Materials Research, pt. I-III. New York: Academic, 2000.
  • 126
    • 33645522618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HgCdTe superlattices for solid-state cryogenic refrigeration
    • Mar. 27
    • D. Vashaee and A. Shakouri, "HgCdTe superlattices for solid-state cryogenic refrigeration," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 88, no. 13, pp. 132110-1-132110-3, Mar. 27, 2006.
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.88 , Issue.13
    • Vashaee, D.1    Shakouri, A.2
  • 127
    • 0000753216 scopus 로고
    • Measured thermal efficiencies of a diode configuration of a thermo electron engine
    • G. N. Hatsopoulos and J. Kaye, "Measured thermal efficiencies of a diode configuration of a thermo electron engine," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 29, pp. 1124-1125, 1958.
    • (1958) J. Appl. Phys , vol.29 , pp. 1124-1125
    • Hatsopoulos, G.N.1    Kaye, J.2
  • 128
    • 0037175977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vacuum thermionic refrigeration with a semiconductor heterojunction structure
    • Nov. 25
    • Y. Hishinuma, B. Y. Moyzhes, T. H. Geballe, and T. W. Kenny, "Vacuum thermionic refrigeration with a semiconductor heterojunction structure," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 81, no. 22, pp. 4242-4244, Nov. 25, 2002.
    • (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.81 , Issue.22 , pp. 4242-4244
    • Hishinuma, Y.1    Moyzhes, B.Y.2    Geballe, T.H.3    Kenny, T.W.4
  • 129
    • 0142025570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of cooling by room-temperature thermionic emission across a nanometer gap
    • Oct. 1
    • Y. Hishinuma, T. H. Geballe, B. Y. Moyzhes, and T. W. Kenny, "Measurements of cooling by room-temperature thermionic emission across a nanometer gap," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 94, no. 7, pp. 4690-4696, Oct. 1, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Phys , vol.94 , Issue.7 , pp. 4690-4696
    • Hishinuma, Y.1    Geballe, T.H.2    Moyzhes, B.Y.3    Kenny, T.W.4
  • 130
    • 0033283512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse Nottingham effect cooling in semiconductors
    • Dec
    • R. Tsu and R. F. Greene, "Inverse Nottingham effect cooling in semiconductors," Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 645-647, Dec. 1999.
    • (1999) Electrochem. Solid-State Lett , vol.2 , Issue.12 , pp. 645-647
    • Tsu, R.1    Greene, R.F.2
  • 131
    • 0000406134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible cooling by resonant Fowler-Nordheim emission
    • Oct. 18
    • A. N. Korotkov and K. K. Likharev, "Possible cooling by resonant Fowler-Nordheim emission," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 75, no. 16, pp. 2491-2493, Oct. 18, 1999.
    • (1999) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.75 , Issue.16 , pp. 2491-2493
    • Korotkov, A.N.1    Likharev, K.K.2
  • 132
    • 0036796572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal and electrical energy transport and conversion in nanoscale electron field emission processes,"
    • Oct
    • T. S. Fisher and D. G. Walker, "Thermal and electrical energy transport and conversion in nanoscale electron field emission processes," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 124, no. 5, pp. 954-962, Oct. 2002.
    • (2002) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.124 , Issue.5 , pp. 954-962
    • Fisher, T.S.1    Walker, D.G.2
  • 133
    • 0041384508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis and simulation of anode heating due to electron field emission
    • Jun
    • T. S. Fisher, D. G. Walker, and R. A. Weller, "Analysis and simulation of anode heating due to electron field emission," IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 317-323, Jun. 2003.
    • (2003) IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 317-323
    • Fisher, T.S.1    Walker, D.G.2    Weller, R.A.3
  • 134
    • 0037900870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fabrication and characterization of non-planar high-current-density carbon-nanotube coated cold cathodes
    • Mar.-Jul
    • Y. Tzeng, Y. Chen, and C. Liu, "Fabrication and characterization of non-planar high-current-density carbon-nanotube coated cold cathodes," Diam. Relat. Mater., vol. 12, no. 3-7, pp. 442-445, Mar.-Jul. 2003.
    • (2003) Diam. Relat. Mater , vol.12 , Issue.3-7 , pp. 442-445
    • Tzeng, Y.1    Chen, Y.2    Liu, C.3
  • 135
    • 0035934791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-current field emission from a vertically aligned carbon nanotube field emitter array
    • Oct. 22
    • J. T. L. Thong, C. H. Oon, W. K. Eng, W. D. Zhang, and L. M. Can, "High-current field emission from a vertically aligned carbon nanotube field emitter array," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 79, no. 17, pp. 2811-2813, Oct. 22, 2001.
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.79 , Issue.17 , pp. 2811-2813
    • Thong, J.T.L.1    Oon, C.H.2    Eng, W.K.3    Zhang, W.D.4    Can, L.M.5
  • 136
    • 0036508493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced low-temperature thermionic field emission from surface-treated N-doped diamond films
    • Mar.-Jun
    • F. A. M. Kock, J. M. Garguilo, B. Brown, and R. J. Nemanich, "Enhanced low-temperature thermionic field emission from surface-treated N-doped diamond films," Diam. Relat. Mater., vol. 11, no. 3-6, pp. 774-779, Mar.-Jun. 2002.
    • (2002) Diam. Relat. Mater , vol.11 , Issue.3-6 , pp. 774-779
    • Kock, F.A.M.1    Garguilo, J.M.2    Brown, B.3    Nemanich, R.J.4
  • 138
    • 27744458370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfur doped nanocrystalline diamond films as field enhancement based thermionic emitters and their role in energy conversion
    • Nov
    • F. A. M. Koeck and R. J. Nemanich, "Sulfur doped nanocrystalline diamond films as field enhancement based thermionic emitters and their role in energy conversion," Diam. Relat. Mater., vol. 14, no. 11-12, pp. 2051-2054, Nov. 2005.
    • (2005) Diam. Relat. Mater , vol.14 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 2051-2054
    • Koeck, F.A.M.1    Nemanich, R.J.2
  • 140
    • 0036538914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal cooling in a semiconductor laser diode
    • Apr. 7002
    • K. P. Pipe, R. J. Ram, and A. Shakouri, "Internal cooling in a semiconductor laser diode," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 453-455, Apr. 7002.
    • IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 453-455
    • Pipe, K.P.1    Ram, R.J.2    Shakouri, A.3
  • 141
    • 0000477796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser cooling of a solid by 16 K starting from room temperature
    • C. E. Mungan, M. I. Buchwald, B. C. Edwards, R. I. Epstein, and T. R. Gosnell, "Laser cooling of a solid by 16 K starting from room temperature," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 1030-1033, 1997.
    • (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.78 , Issue.6 , pp. 1030-1033
    • Mungan, C.E.1    Buchwald, M.I.2    Edwards, B.C.3    Epstein, R.I.4    Gosnell, T.R.5
  • 142
    • 0002916786 scopus 로고
    • Transient ballistic and diffusive phonon heat transport in thin films
    • A. Joshi and A. Majumdar, "Transient ballistic and diffusive phonon heat transport in thin films," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 74, pp. 31-39, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Appl. Phys , vol.74 , pp. 31-39
    • Joshi, A.1    Majumdar, A.2
  • 143
    • 28344442364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonon heat transport in silicon nanostructures
    • Y. S. Ju, "Phonon heat transport in silicon nanostructures," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, p. 153106, 2005.
    • (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett , vol.87 , pp. 153106
    • Ju, Y.S.1
  • 144
    • 0035280055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes
    • Mar
    • M. A. Osman and D. Srivastava, "Temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes," Nanotechnology, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 21-24, Mar. 2001.
    • (2001) Nanotechnology , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-24
    • Osman, M.A.1    Srivastava, D.2
  • 149
    • 11444254181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric properties of superlattice nanowires
    • Y.-M. Lin and M. S. Dresselhaus, "Thermoelectric properties of superlattice nanowires," Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter, vol. 68, p. 075304, 2003.
    • (2003) Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matter , vol.68 , pp. 075304
    • Lin, Y.-M.1    Dresselhaus, M.S.2
  • 150
    • 0029748136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible ways for efficiency improvement of thermoelectric materials
    • B. Moyzhes, "Possible ways for efficiency improvement of thermoelectric materials," in Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, 1996, pp. 183.
    • (1996) Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics , pp. 183
    • Moyzhes, B.1
  • 152
    • 33747400576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved energy conversion efficiency by optimizing the geometry of thermoelectric leg elements
    • Y. Zhang, Z. Bian, and A. Shakouri, "Improved energy conversion efficiency by optimizing the geometry of thermoelectric leg elements," in Proc. 24th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, 2005, pp. 233-236.
    • (2005) Proc. 24th Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics , pp. 233-236
    • Zhang, Y.1    Bian, Z.2    Shakouri, A.3
  • 154
    • 15044350997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal transport in nanostructured solid-State cooling devices,"
    • Jan
    • D. Li, S. T. Huxtable, A. R. Abramson, and A. Majumdar, 'Thermal transport in nanostructured solid-State cooling devices," J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME, vol. 127, no. 1, pp. 108-114, Jan. 2005.
    • (2005) J. Heat Transf., Trans. ASME , vol.127 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-114
    • Li, D.1    Huxtable, S.T.2    Abramson, A.R.3    Majumdar, A.4
  • 156
    • 9644278255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of parameters in thermal-field emission from diamond
    • Jan
    • D. G. Walker, C. T. Harris, T. S. Fisher, and J. L. Davidson, "Estimation of parameters in thermal-field emission from diamond," Diam. Relat. Mater., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 113-120, Jan. 2005.
    • (2005) Diam. Relat. Mater , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-120
    • Walker, D.G.1    Harris, C.T.2    Fisher, T.S.3    Davidson, J.L.4
  • 157
    • 33644928451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emission characterization from nitrogen-doped diamond with respect to energy conversion
    • Feb.-Mar
    • F. A. M. Koeck and R. J. Nemanich, "Emission characterization from nitrogen-doped diamond with respect to energy conversion," Diam. Relaf. Mater., vol. 15, no. 2-3, pp. 217-220, Feb.-Mar. 2006.
    • (2006) Diam. Relaf. Mater , vol.15 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 217-220
    • Koeck, F.A.M.1    Nemanich, R.J.2
  • 158
    • 25844475654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal conductance and thermopower of an individual single-wall carbon nanotube
    • C. Yu, L. Shi, Z. Yao, D. Li, and A. Majumdar, "Thermal conductance and thermopower of an individual single-wall carbon nanotube," Nano. Lett., vol. 5, pp. 1842-1846, 2005.
    • (2005) Nano. Lett , vol.5 , pp. 1842-1846
    • Yu, C.1    Shi, L.2    Yao, Z.3    Li, D.4    Majumdar, A.5
  • 159
    • 28344441232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermoelectric properties of individual electrodeposited bismuth telluride nanowires
    • I. Zhou, Q. Jin, J. H. Seol, X. Li, and L. Shi, "Thermoelectric properties of individual electrodeposited bismuth telluride nanowires," Appl. Phvs. Lett., vol. 87, pp. 133109-1-133109-3, 2005.
    • (2005) Appl. Phvs. Lett , vol.87
    • Zhou, I.1    Jin, Q.2    Seol, J.H.3    Li, X.4    Shi, L.5
  • 160
    • 33947325253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined thermoelectric and structure characterizations of patterned and synthetic nanowires
    • presented at the, Vienna, Austria, Aug
    • A. Mavrokefalos, M. T. Pettes, F. Zhou, and L. Shi, "Combined thermoelectric and structure characterizations of patterned and synthetic nanowires," presented at the Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics, Vienna, Austria, Aug. 2006.
    • (2006) Int. Conf. Thermoelectrics
    • Mavrokefalos, A.1    Pettes, M.T.2    Zhou, F.3    Shi, L.4
  • 162
    • 33746629889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling and data for thermal conductivity for single crystal SOI layers at high temperature
    • to be published
    • W. Liu and M. Asheghi, "Modeling and data for thermal conductivity for single crystal SOI layers at high temperature," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 2006, to be published.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
    • Liu, W.1    Asheghi, M.2
  • 163
    • 29744446243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal conduction in ultra-thin pure and doped silicon at high temperature
    • _, "Thermal conduction in ultra-thin pure and doped silicon at high temperature," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 98, p. 123523, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Appl. Phys , vol.98 , pp. 123523
    • Liu, W.1    Asheghi, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.