Précis of Social Perception and Social Reality: Why accuracy dominates bias and self-fulfilling prophecy

Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Volumn 40, Issue , 2017, Pages

  Jussim, Lee ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Accuracy; bias; expectancies; person perception; self fulfilling prophecies; social perception; social psychology stereotypes

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ANALYTICAL ERROR; CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK; CONSTRUCT VALIDITY; CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS; DECISION MAKING; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; EXPECTANCY; EXPECTATION; HUMAN; INHERITANCE; INTERPRETATION BIAS; MEMORY; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PERCEPTION; PERCEPTION DISORDER; POLITICAL PARTICIPATION; RACE DIFFERENCE; REPLICATION STUDY; REVIEW; SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT; SELF CONCEPT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL ASPECT; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; STEREOTYPING; TEACHER; EGO; MOTIVATION; STATISTICAL BIAS;

BIAS; HUMANS; MOTIVATION; REALITY TESTING; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 84931048692     PISSN: 0140525X     EISSN: 14691825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X1500062X     Document Type: Review

References (488)

1. Abelson, R. P. (1963) Computer simulation of "hot cognition." In: Computer simulation of personality, ed. S. S. Tomkins & S. Messick, pp. 277-98. Wiley. [JFK]
2. Abelson, R. P. & Kanouse, D. E. (1966) Subjective acceptance of verbal generalizations. In: Cognitive consistency: Motivational antecedents and behavioral consequents, ed. S. Feldman, pp. 171-97. Academic Press. [LB]
3. Abrams, D. (2015) Social identity and intergroup relations. In: APA handbook of personality and social psychology: Vol. 2. Group processes, ed. M. Mikulincer & P. R. Shaver, pp. 203-28. American Psychological Association. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/14342-008 [BMT]
4. Abrams, D. & Grant, P. R. (2012) Testing the social identity relative deprivation (SIRD) model of social change: The political rise of Scottish nationalism. British Journal of Social Psychology 51:674-89. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/j. 2044-8309.2011.02032.x [BMT]
5. Abrams, D. & Hogg, M. A. (2004) Metatheory: Lessons from social identity research. Personality and Social Psychology Review 8:98-106. Special issue on "Theory Construction in Social and Personality Psychology", ed. A. W. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0802-22 [BMT]
6. Akerlof, G. A. & Kranton, R. E. (2000) Economics and identity. Quarterly Journal of Economics 115(3):715-53. [DMK]
7. Albright, L., Kenny, D. A. & Malloy, T. E. (1988) Consensus in personality judgments at zero acquaintance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 55 (3):387-95. [ACL]
8. Allen, M. J. & Yen, W. M. (1979) Introduction to measurement theory. Brooks/Cole. [DT]
9. Allport, F. H. (1955) Theories of perception and the concept of structure. Wiley. [arLJ]
10. Allport, G. W. (1954a) The historical background of social psychology. In: Handbook of social psychology, ed. G. Lindzey & E. Aronson, vol. 1, pp. 1-46. Random House. [JFK]
11. Allport, G. W. (1954b) The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley. [aLJ, ST]
12. Allport, G. W. (1954/1979) The nature of prejudice, 2nd edition. Perseus. [arLJ]
13. Alvesson, M. (2013) The triumph of emptiness. Oxford University Press. [GM]
14. Ambady, N., Hallahan, M. & Conner, B. (1999) Accuracy of judgments of sexual orientation from thin slices of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77:538-47. [aLJ]
15. Anderson, E. (1993) Value in ethics and economics. Harvard University Press. [DMK]
16. Andersen, S.M. & Bem, S. L. (1981) Sex typing and androgyny in dyadic interaction: Individual differences in responsiveness to physical attractiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 41:74-86. [aLJ]
17. Andrews, K. (2012) Do apes read minds? Toward a new folk psychology. MIT Press. [KA]
18. Apicella, C. L., Dreber, A., Campbell, B., Gray, P. B., Hoffman, M. & Little, A. C. (2008) Testosterone and financial risk preferences. Evolution and Human Behavior 29(6):384-90. [ACL]
19. Apperly, I. (2010) Mindreaders: The cognitive basis of "theory of mind." Taylor & Francis. [KA]
20. Aronson, E. (2011) The social animal, 11th edition. Worth. [rLJ]
21. Ashmore, R. D. & Del Boca, F. K. (1981) Conceptual approaches to stereotypes and stereotyping. In: Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior, ed. D. L. Hamilton, pp. 1-35. Erlbaum. [aLJ]
22. Ashton, M. C. & Esses, V. M. (1999) Stereotype accuracy: Estimating the academic performance of ethnic groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25:225-36. [aLJ]
23. Bamfield, L. & Horton, T. (2009) Understanding attitudes to tackling economic inequality. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. [BMT]
24. Banaji, M. R. & Greenwald, A. G. (2013) Blindspot: Hidden biases of good people. Delacorte Press. [rLJ]
25. Baron, R. M., Albright, L. & Malloy, T. E. (1995) The effects of behavioral and social class information on social judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21:308-15. [arLJ]
26. Baron-Cohen, S. (2011) Sex differences - a welcome dialogue. The Psychologist 24:3-4. Available at: https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-24/edition-1/letters [GM]
27. Bartlett, F. C. (1932) Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press. [BW, rLJ]
28. Bartlett, F. C. (1968) Notes on Remembering. In: Sir Frederic Bartlett Archive, digital archive on F.C. Bartlett hosted by the Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge. Available at: http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/NotesOnRemembering.htm [BW]
29. Bashir, N. Y., Lockwood, P., Chasteen, A. L., Nadolny, D. & Noyes, I. (2013) The ironic impact of activists: Negative stereotypes reduce social change influence. European Journal of Social Psychology 43:614-26. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1983 [BMT]
30. Baumeister, R. F. & Bushman, B. J. (2014) Social psychology and human nature, 3rd edition. Wadsworth. [rLJ]
31. Becker, J. C. (2012) The system-stabilizing role of identity management strategies: Social creativity can undermine collective action for social change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 103:647-62. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/a0029240 [BMT]
32. Becker, J. C. & Wright, S. C. (2011) Yet another dark side of chivalry: Benevolent sexism undermines and hostile sexism motivates collective action for social change. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 101:62-77. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/a0022615 [BMT]
33. Bellezza, F. S. & Bower, G. H. (1981) Person stereotypes and memory for people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 41:856-65. [aLJ]
34. Bem, D. (1987) Writing the empirical journal article. In: The compleat academic: A career guide, ed. M. P. Zanna & J. M. Darley. 8, pp. 171-201. Erlbaum. [rLJ]
35. Berger, P. L. & Luckmann, H. (1966) The social construction of reality: A treatise on the sociology of knowledge. Anchor Books. [NHW]
36. Berggren, N., Jordahl, H. & Stern, C. (2009) The political opinions of Swedish social scientists. Finnish Economical Papers 22:75-88. [GM]
37. Bergman, T. J., Ho, L. & Beehner, J. C. (2009) Chest color and social status in male geladas (Theropithecus gelada). International Journal of Primatology 30(6):791-806. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-009-9374-x [ACL]
38. Beyer, S. (1999) The accuracy of academic gender stereotypes. Sex Roles 40:787-813. [aLJ]
39. Blank, H. (1998) Memory states and memory tasks: An integrative framework for eyewitness memory and suggestibility. Memory 6:481-529. [BW]
40. Bond, C. F., Berry, D. S. & Omar, A. (1994) The kernal of truth in judgements of deceptiveness. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 15:523-34. [ACL]
41. Bond, C. F. & DePaulo, B. M. (2006) Accuracy of deception judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Review 10(3):214-34. [JFK]
42. Bond, C. F. & DePaulo, B. M. (2008) Individual differences in judging deception: Reply to O'Sullivan (2008) and Pigott and Wu (2008). Psychological Bulletin 134 (4):501-503. [JFK]
43. Bonnefon, J. F., Hopfensitz, A. & De Neys, W. (2013) The modular nature of trustworthiness detection. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 142:143-50. [J-FB]
44. Bonnefon, J. F., Hopfensitz, A. & De Neys, W. (2015) Face-ism and kernels of truth in facial inferences. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19:421-22. [J-FB]
45. Boothroyd, L. G., Jones, B. C., Burt, D. M., DeBruine, L. M. & Perrett, D. I. (2008) Facial correlates of sociosexuality. Evolution and Human Behavior 29(3):211-18. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.12.009 [ACL]
46. Bosson, J. K., Pinel, E. C. & Vandello, J. A. (2010) The emotional impact of ambivalent sexism: Forecasts versus real experiences. Sex Roles 62:520-31. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-009-9664-y [BMT]
47. Brandone, A. C., Gelman, S. A. & Hedglen, J. (2015) Children's developing intuitions about the truth conditions and implications of novel generics versus quantified statements. Cognitive Science 39(4):711-38. [LB]
48. Bransford, J. D., McCarrell, N. S., Franks, J. J. & Nitsch, K. E. (1977) Toward unexplaining memory. In: Perceiving, acting, and knowing: Toward an ecological psychology, ed. R. E. Shaw & J. D. Bransford, pp. 431-66. Erlbaum [BW]
49. Brewer, W. F. & Treyens, J. C. (1981) Role of schemata in memory for places. Cognitive Psychology 13:207-30. [BW]
50. Brigham, J. C. (1971) Ethnic stereotypes. Psychological Bulletin 76:15-38. [aLJ]
51. Briton, N. J. & Hall, J. A. (1995) Beliefs about female and male nonverbal communication. Sex Roles 32:79-90. [aLJ]
52. Brodt, S. E. & Ross, L. D. (1998) The role of stereotyping in overconfident social prediction. Social Cognition 16:225-52. [aLJ]
53. Brown, H. E. (2013) Race, legality, and the social policy consequences of antiimmigration mobilization. American Sociological Review 78:290-314. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/0003122413476712 [BMT]
54. Brown, R. (2010) Prejudice: Its social psychology, 2nd edition. Wiley-Blackwell. [arLJ]
55. Bruner, J. (1992) Another look at New Look 1. The American Psychologist 47:780-83. [JFK]
56. Bruner, J. S. (1957a) Going beyond the information given. In: Contemporary approaches to cognition, ed. J. S. Bruner, E. Brunswik, L. Festinger, F. Heider, K. F. Muenzinger, C. E. Osgood & D. Rapaport, pp. 41-69. Harvard University Press. [JFK]
57. Bruner, J. S. (1957b) On perceptual readiness. Psychological Review 64:123-52. [JFK]
58. Bruner, J. S. & Goodman, C. C. (1947) Value and need as organizing factors in perception. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 47:33-44. [JFK]
59. Bruner, J. S. & Klein, G. S. (1960) The function of perceiving: New Look retrospect. In: Perspectives in psychological theory: Essays in honor of Heinz Werner, ed. W. Wapner & B. Kaplan, pp. 61-77. International Universities Press. [JFK]
60. Bruner, J. S. & Tagiuri, R. (1954) Person perception. In: Handbook of social psychology, vol. 2, ed. G. Lindzey, pp. 634-54. Addison-Wesley. [JFK]
61. Bruno, D., Lyons, M. J. & Brewer, G. (2014) Response to Bayesian advice for gaydar-based picking up: Commentary on Lyons, Lynch, Brewer, and Bruno (2013) by Ploderl. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43(1):7-9. [JFK]
62. Brunswick, E. (1957) Systematic and representative design of psychological experiments. University of California Press. [rLJ]
63. Brunswik, E. (1952) The conceptual framework of psychology. University of Chicago Press. [aLJ, SM]
64. Brunswik, E. (1955a) In defense of probabilistic functionalism: A reply. Psychological Review 62:236-42. [JFK]
65. Brunswik, E. (1955b) Representative design and probabilistic theory in a functional psychology. Psychological Review 62:193-217. [JFK]
66. Campbell, A. (2013) A mind of her own: The evolutionary psychology of women, 2nd edition. Oxford University Press. [CCM]
67. Campbell, D. T. (1967) Stereotypes and the perception of group differences. American Psychologist 22:817-29. [aLJ]
68. Carlson, G. N. & Pelletier, F. J. (1995) The generic book. Chicago University Press. [LB]
69. Carre, J. M. & McCormick, C. M. (2008) In your face: Facial metrics predict aggressive behaviour in the laboratory and in varsity and professional hockey players. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275 (1651):2651-56. [ACL]
70. Carre, J. M., McCormick, C. M. & Mondloch, C. J. (2009) Facial structure is a reliable cue of aggressive behavior. Psychological Science 20(10):1194-98. [ACL]
71. Carre, J. M., Morrissey, M. D., Mondloch, C. J. & McCormick, C. M. (2010) Estimating aggression from emotionally neutral faces: Which facial cues are diagnostic? Perception 39(3):356-77. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6543 [ACL]
72. Cartwright, N. (1999) The dappled world: A study of the boundaries of science. Cambridge University Press. [NHW]
73. Cejka, M. A. & Eagly, A. H. (1999) Gender-stereotypic images of occupations correspond to the sex segregation of employment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25:413-23. [aLJ]
74. Chambers, C. G., Graham, S. A. & Turner, J. N. (2008) When hearsay trumps evidence: How generic language guides preschoolers' inferences about unfamiliar things. Language and Cognitive Processes 23(5):749-66. [LB]
75. Charlton, B. G. (2009) Clever sillies: Why high IQ people tend to be deficient in common sense. Medical Hypotheses 73:867-70. [GM, rLJ]
76. Charlton, B. G. (2011) Thought prison - The fundamental nature of political correctness. University of Buckingham Press. [GM]
77. Charlton, B. G. (2012) Not even trying: The corruption of real science. University of Buckingham Press. [GM]
78. Chen, M. & Bargh, J. A. (1997) Nonconscious behavioral confirmation processes: The self-fulfilling consequences of automatic stereotype activation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 33:541-60. [aLJ]
79. Cichocka, A., Winiewski, M., Bilewicz, M., Bukowski, M. & Jost, J. T. (2015) Complementary stereotyping of ethnic minorities predicts system justification in Poland. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 1-13. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/1368430214566891 [BMT]
80. Cimpian, A., Brandone, A. C. & Gelman, S. A. (2010) Generic statements require little evidence for acceptance but have powerful implications. Cognitive Science 34(8):1452-82. [LB]
81. Cimpian, A. & Cadena, C. (2010) Why are dunkels sticky? Preschoolers infer functionality and intentional creation for artifact properties learned from generic language. Cognition 117(1):62-68. [LB]
82. Cimpian, A. & Erickson, L. C. (2012) The effect of generic statements on children's causal attributions: Questions of mechanism. Developmental Psychology 48 (1):159-70. [LB]
83. Cimpian, A. & Markman, E. M. (2009) Information learned from generic language becomes central to children's biological concepts: Evidence from their openended explanations. Cognition 113(1):14-25. [LB]
84. Cimpian, A. & Markman, E. M. (2011) The generic/nongeneric distinction influences how children interpret new information about social others. Child Development 82(2):471-92. [LB]
85. Cimpian, A., Mu, Y. & Erikson, L. C. (2012) Who is good at this game? Linking an activity to a social category undermines children's achievement. Psychological Science 23(5):533-41. [LB]
86. Cimpian, A. & Salomon, E. (2014) The inherence heuristic: An intuitive means of making sense of the world, and a potential precursor to psychological essentialism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37(5):461-80. [LB]
87. Clabaugh, A. & Morling, B. (2004) Stereotype accuracy of ballet and modern dancers. Journal of Social Psychology 144:31-48. [aLJ]
88. Claire, T. & Fiske, S. (1998) A systemic view of behavioral confirmation: Counterpoint to the individualist view. In: Intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior, ed. C. Sedikedes, J. Schopler & C. A. Insko, pp. 205-31. Erlbaum. [aLJ]
89. Clark, M. S. & Clark-Polner, E. (2012) Thinking critically about research on accuracy and bias in social perception. Psyc CRITIQUES 57. (Online only publication) Available at: http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0030346 [aLJ]
90. Cogsdill, E. J., Todorov, A. T., Spelke, E. S. & Banaji, M. R. (2014) Inferring character from faces: A developmental study. Psychological Science 25:1132-39. [J-FB]
91. Cohen, C. E. (1981) Personal categories and social perception: Testing some boundaries of the processing effects of prior knowledge. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40:441-52. [arLJ, ST]
92. Cohen, J. (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Academic Press. [aLJ]
93. Contreras, J. M., Banaji, M. R. & Mitchell, J. P. (2013) Multivoxel patterns in fusiform face area differentiate faces by sex and race. PLoS ONE 8:1-6. [ST]
94. Crawford, J. T., Jussim, L., Cain, T. & Cohen, F. (2013) Right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation differentially predict biased evaluations of media reports. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 43:163-74. [GM]
95. Crawford, J. T., Jussim, L., Madon, S., Cain, T.R. & Stevens, S. T. (2011) The use of stereotypes and individuating information in political person perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 37:529-42. [aLJ]
96. Crisp, R. J. & Turner, R. N. (2014) Essential social psychology, 3rd edition. Sage. [rLJ]
97. Cronbach, L. J. (1955) Processes affecting scores on "understanding of others" and "assumed similarity." Psychological Bulletin 52:177-93. [aLJ]
98. Cuddy, A. J., Fiske, S. T. & Glick, P. (2008) Warmth and competence as universal dimensions of social perception: The stereotype content model and the BIAS map. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 40:61-149. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(07)00002-0 [BMT]
99. Cunningham, W. A., Johnson, M. K., Raye, C. L., Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C. & Banaji, M. R. (2004) Separable neural components in the processing of black and white faces. Psychological Science 15:806-13. [ST]
100. Darley, J. M. & Fazio, R. H. (1980) Expectancy confirmation processes arising in the social interaction sequence. American Psychologist 35:867-81. [aLJ]
101. Darley, J. M. & Gross, P. H. (1983) A hypothesis-confirming bias in labeling effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44:20-33. [arLJ]
102. Dawes, R. M. (1979) The robust beauty of improper linear models in decision making. American Psychologist 34:571-82. [aLJ]
103. De Neys, W., Hopfensitz, A. & Bonnefon, J.-F. (2013) Low second-to-fourth digit ratio predicts indiscriminate social suspicion, not improved trustworthiness detection. Royal Society of London: Biology Letters 9 (2):20130037. (Online article, published February 27, 2013). doi: 10.1098/rsbl/2013.0037. [J-FB]
104. De Neys, W., Hopfensitz, A. & Bonnefon, J.-F. (2015) Adolescents gradually improve at detecting trustworthiness from the facial features of unknown adults. Journal of Economic Psychology 47:17-22. [J-FB]
105. de Vries, R. (2015) An evaluation of the nature and effects of negative implicit attitudes towards welfare benefit claimants in the UK. Centre for Experimental Social Sciences (CESS) working paper series. Available at: https://cess-web.nuff. ox.ac.uk/files/pdfs/working-papers/CESS-DP2015-001.pdf [BMT]
106. Deaux, K. & Major, B. (1987) Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender-related behavior. Psychological Review 94:369-89. [aLJ]
107. Deci, E. L. & Ryan, R. M. (2012) Self-determination theory. In: Handbook of theories of social psychology, ed. P. A. M. Van Lange, A. W. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins, pp. 416-37. Sage. [CCM]
108. Del Giudice, M. (2013) Multivariate misgivings: Is D a valid measure of group and sex differences? Evolutionary Psychology 11:1067-76. [GM]
109. Del Giudice, M., Booth, T. & Irwing, P. (2012) The distance between Mars and Venus: Measuring global sex differences in personality. PLoS ONE 7:e29265. [GM]
110. Devine, P. (1995) Prejudice and outgroup perception. In: Advanced social psychology, ed A. Tesser, pp. 467-524. McGraw-Hill. [aLJ]
111. Devine, P. G., Hirt, E. R. & Gehrke, E. M. (1990) Diagnostic and confirmation strategies in trait hypothesis testing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58:952-63. [arLJ]
112. Di Bella, L. & Crisp, R. J. (2015) Imagining oneself in a stereotyped role may stifle generalized tendencies to support social change. Social Influence 10:157-67. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1080/15534510.2015.1030446 [BMT]
113. Diekman, A. B., Eagly, A. H. & Kulesa, P. (2002) Accuracy and bias in stereotypes about the social and political attitudes of women and men. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 38:268-82. [aLJ]
114. Dixon, J., Levine, M., Reicher, S. & Durrheim, K. (2012) Beyond prejudice: Are negative evaluations the problem and is getting us to like one another more the solution? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 35:411-25. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X11002214 [BMT]
115. Downey, G., Freitas, A. L., Michaelis, B. & Khouri, H. (1998) The self-fulfilling prophecy in close relationships: Rejection sensitivity and rejection by romantic partners. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75:545-60. [aLJ]
116. Dreber, A., Gerdes, C., Graensmark, P. & Little, A. C. (2013) Facial masculinity predicts risk and time preferences in expert chess players. Applied Economics Letters 20(16):1477-80. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2013. 826861 [ACL]
117. Drescher, S. (2009) Abolition: A history of slavery and antislavery. Cambridge University Press. [CCM]
118. Druckman, J. N. (2012) The politics of motivation. Critical Review 24(2):199-216. [DMK]
119. Duarte, J. L., Crawford, J. T., Stern, C., Haidt, J., Jussim, L. & Tetlock, P. E. (2015) Political diversity will improve social psychological science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38:e130. [rLJ]
120. Durante, F., Fiske, S. T., Kervyn, N., Cuddy, A. J., Akande, A. D., Adetoun, B. E., Adewuyi, M. F., Tserere, M. M., Ramiah, A. A., Mastor, K. A., Barlow, F. K., Bonn, G., Tafarodi, R. W., Bosak, J., Cairns, E., Doherty, C., Capozza, D., Chandran, A., Chryssochoou, X,. Iatridis, T., Contreras, J. M., Costa-Lopes, R., Gonzalez, R., Lewis, J. I., Tushabe, G., Leyens, J.-P., Mayorga, R., Rouhana, N. N., Castro, V. S., Perez, R., Rodriguez-Bailon, R., Moya, M., Marente, E. M., Galvez, M. P., Sibley, C. G., Asbrock, F. & Storari, C. C. (2013) Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content: How societies mind the gap. British Journal of Social Psychology 52:726-46. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12005 [BMT]
121. Durkheim, E. (1897) Le suicide: étude de sociologie. PUF (Presses Universitaires de France). [CCM]
122. Dutton, D. G. (2012) The case against the role of gender in intimate partner violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior 17:99-104. [GM]
123. Dutton, E. (2013) The cultural mediation hypothesis: A critical examination. Intelligence 41:321-27. [GM]
124. Dutton, E. (2014) Religion and intelligence. Ulster Institute for Social Research. [GM]
125. Dutton, E. & Lynn, R. (2014) Intelligence and religious and political differences among members of the U.S. academic elite. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion 10:1-29. [GM]
126. Dutton, E. & van der Linden, D. (2015) Who are the "Clever Sillies"? The intelligence, personality, and motives of clever silly originators and those who follow them. Intelligence 49:57-65. [aLJ, GM]
127. Eden, D. & Shani, A. B. (1982) Pygmalion goes to boot camp: Expectancy, leadership, and trainee performance. Journal of Applied Psychology 67:194-99. [aLJ]
128. Elashoff, J. D. & Snow, R. E. (1971) Pygmalion reconsidered. Charles A. Jones. [aLJ]
129. Ellemers, N. & Barreto, M. (2009) Collective action in modern times: How modern expressions of prejudice prevent collective action. Journal of Social Issues 65:749-68. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2009.01621.x [BMT, rLJ]
130. Enquist, M. & Leimar, O. (1983) Evolution of fighting behaviour: Decision rules and assessment of relative strength. Journal of Theoretical Biology 102:387-410. [ACL]
131. Epstein, W. (1979) In the eye of the beholder: Competing theoretical formulations of visual perception. Psychological Studies 24(2):82-97. [JFK]
132. Epstein, W. & Park, J. (1964) Examination of Gibson's psychophysical hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin 62:180-96. [JFK]
133. Fink, B., Neave, N. & Seydel, H. (2007) Male facial appearance signals physical strength to women. American Journal of Human Biology 19(1):82-87. [ACL]
134. Firestone, C. & Scholl, B. J. (2016) Cognition does not affect perception: Evaluating the evidence for "top-down" effects. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 39: e229. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X15000965 [JFK, rLJ]
135. Fiske, S. (1982) Schema-triggered affect: Applications to social perception. In: Affect and cognition: 17th Annual Carnegie Mellon Symposium on Cognition, ed. M. S. Clark & S. T. Fiske, pp. 55-78. Erlbaum. [BW]
136. Fiske, S. T. (1998) Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. In: The handbook of social psychology, vol. 2, 4th edition, ed. D. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske & G. Lindzey, pp. 357-411. McGraw-Hill. [aLJ]
137. Fiske, S. T. (2004) Social beings: A core motives approach to social psychology. Wiley. [aLJ]
138. Fiske, S. T. & Neuberg, S. L. (1990) A continuum of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influences of information and motivation on attention and interpretation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 23:1-74. [aLJ]
139. Fiske, S. T. & Taylor, S. E. (1991) Social cognition, 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill. [aLJ]
140. Fiske, S. T. & Taylor, S. E. (2008) Social cognition: From brains to culture. McGraw-Hill. [rLJ]
141. Foster, M. D. (1999) Acting out against gender discrimination: The effects of different social identities. Sex Roles 40:167-86. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018842803813 [BMT]
142. Frickel, S. & Gross, N. (2005) A general theory of scientific/intellectual movements. American Sociological Review 70:204-32. [NHW]
143. Frisell, T., Lichtenstein, P. & Långström, N. (2011) Violent crime runs in families: A total population study of 12.5 million individuals. PsychologicalMedicine 41:97-105. [GM]
144. Funder, D. C. (1987) Errors and mistakes: Evaluating the accuracy of social judgment. Psychological Bulletin 101:75-90. [arLJ, SM]
145. Funder, D. C. (1995a) On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach. Psychological Review 102:652-70. [aLJ, SM]
146. Funder, D. C. (1995b) Stereotypes, base rates, and the fundamental attribution mistake: A content-based approach to judgmental accuracy. In: Stereotype accuracy: Toward appreciating group differences, ed. L. Jussim, Y.-T. Lee & C. McCauley, pp. 141-56. American Psychological Association. [SM]
147. Gage, N. L. & Cronbach, L. J. (1955) Conceptual and methodological problems in interpersonal perception. Psychological Review 62:411-22. [aLJ, SM]
148. Gelman, S. A. (2003) The essential child: Origins of essentialism in everyday thought. Oxford University Press. [LB]
149. Gelman, S. A., Tapia, I. S. & Leslie, S. J. (2016) Memory for generic and quantified sentences in Spanish-speaking children and adults. Journal of Child Language 43(6):1231-44. [LB]
150. Gelman, S. A., Taylor, M. G. & Nguyen, S. P. (2004) Mother-child conversations about gender: Understanding the acquisition of essentialist beliefs. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 69(1):i-142. [LB]
151. Gelman, S. A., Ware, E. A. & Kleinberg, F. (2010) Effects of generic language on category content and structure. Cognitive Psychology 61(3):273-301. [LB]
152. Gibson, J. J. (1979) The ecological approach to visual perception. Houghton Mifflin. [ACL]
153. Gieryn, T. F. (1983) Boundary-work and the demarcation of science from nonscience: Strains and interests in professional ideologies of scientists. American Sociological Review 48:781-95. [NHW]
154. Gigerenzer, G. (2005) I think, therefore I err. Social Research 72:195-218. (Reprinted in Psychologica 2006:93-110). [SM]
155. Gigerenzer, G. & Brighton, H. (2009) Homo heuristicus: Why biased minds make better inferences. Topics in Cognitive Science 1:107-43. [rLJ]
156. Gigerenzer, G., Swijtink, Z., Porter, T., Daston, L., Beatty, J. & Kruger, L. (1990) The empire of chance: How probability changed science and everyday life. Cambridge University Press. [BW]
157. Gigerenzer, G. & Todd, P. M. (2008) Rationality the fast and frugal way: Introduction. In: Handbook of experimental economics results: Vol. 1 (Handbooks in Economics No. 28), ed. C. R. Plott & V. L. Smith, pp. 976-86. North-Holland. [SM]
158. Gigerenzer, G. & Todd, P. M. (2012) Ecological rationality: The normative study of heuristics. In: Ecological rationality: Intelligence in the world, ed. P. M. Todd, G. Gigerenzer & the ABC Research Group, pp. 487-97. Oxford University Press. [SM]
159. Gigerenzer, G., Todd, P. M. & the ABC Research Group (1999) Simple heuristics that make us smart. Oxford University Press. [JFK, SM]
160. Gilbert, D. T. (1995) Attribution and interpersonal perception. In: Advanced social psychology, ed. A. Tesser, pp. 99-147. McGraw-Hill. [aLJ]
161. Gilens, M. (2009) Why Americans hate welfare: Race, media, and the politics of antipoverty policy. The University of Chicago Press. [BMT]
162. Gilovich, T., Keltner, D. & Nisbett, R. E. (2006) Social psychology. W.W. Norton. [aLJ]
163. Gilson, C. & Abelson, R. P. (1965) The subjective use of inductive evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2(3):301-10. [LB]
164. Glick, P. & Fiske, S. T. (1996) The ambivalent sexism inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70:491-512. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.491 [BMT]
165. Glick, P. & Fiske, S. T. (2001) An ambivalent alliance: Hostile and benevolent sexism as complementary justifications for gender inequality. American Psychologist 56:109-18. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.2.109 [BMT]
166. Glick, P., Fiske, S. T., Mladinic, A., Saiz, J. L., Abrams, D., Masser, B., Adetoun, B., Osagie, J. E., Akande, A, Alao, A. Annetje, B., Willemsen, T. M., Chipeta, K., Dardenne, B., Dijksterhuis, A., Wigboldus, D., Eckes, T., Six-Materna, I., Exposito, F., Moya, M., Foddy, M., Kim, H.-J., Lameiras. M, Sotelo, M. J., Mucchi-Faina, A., Romani, M., Sakalli, N., Udegbe, B., Yamamoto, M., Ui, M., Ferreria, M. C. & López, W. L. (2000) Beyond prejudice as simple antipathy: Hostile and benevolent sexism across cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79:763-75. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.763 [BMT]
167. Gosling, L. M., Atkinson, N. W., Dunn, S. & Collins, S. A. (1996) The response of subordinate male mice to scent marks varies in relation to their own competitive ability. Animal Behaviour 52:1185-91. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0266 [ACL]
168. Gosling, S. D., Ko, S. J., Mannarelli, T. & Morris, M. E. (2002) A room with a cue: Personality judgments based on offices and bedrooms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82(3):379-98. [aLJ, ACL]
169. Gottfredson, L. S. (2010) Lessons in academic freedom as lived experience. Personality and Individual Differences 49:272-80. [rLJ]
170. Gould, S. J. (1981) The mismeasure of man. W. W. Norton. [aLJ]
171. Graham, J., Nosek, B. A. & Haidt, J. (2013) The moral stereotypes of liberals and conservatives: Exaggeration across the political spectrum. PLoS ONE 7(12): e50092. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050092. [aLJ]
172. Greenberg, J., Schmader, T., Arndt, J. & Landau, M. (2015) Social psychology: The science of everyday life. Worth. [rLJ]
173. Greenwald, A. G., Pratkanis, A. R., Leippe, M. R. & Baumgardner, M. H. (1986) Under what conditions does theory obstruct research progress? Psychological Review 93:216-29. [rLJ]
174. Griffiths, T. L. & Tenenbaum, J. B. (2006) Optimal predictions in everyday cognition. Psychological Science 17:767-73. [aLJ]
175. Grison, S., Heatherton, T. F. & Gazzaniga, M. S. (2015) Psychology in your life. W. W. Norton. [rLJ]
176. Gulliksen, H. (1987) Theory of mental tests. Erlbaum. [DT]
177. Hacking, I. (1983) Representing and intervening. Cambridge University Press. [NHW]
178. Hacking, I. (1999) The social construction of what? Harvard University Press. [JFK]
179. Hacking, I. (2004) Historical ontology. Harvard University Press. [NHW]
180. Haidt, J. (2012) The Righteous Mind: Why good people are divided by religion and politics. Pantheon Books. [rLJ]
181. Hall, J. A. & Carter, J. D. (1999) Gender-stereotype accuracy as an individual difference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77:350-59. [aLJ]
182. Hamilton, D. L., Sherman, S. J. & Ruvolo, C. M. (1990) Stereotype-based expectancies: Effects on information processing and social behavior. Journal of Social Issues 46:35-60. [aLJ]
183. Hampton, J. A. (2012) Thinking intuitively the rich (and at times illogical) world of concepts. Current Directions in Psychological Science 21(6):398-402. [LB]
184. Hardin, R. (1982) Collective action. The John Hopkins University Press. [BMT]
185. Harris, M. J., Milich, R., Corbitt, E. M., Hoover, D. W. & Brady, M. (1992) Selffulfilling effects of stigmatizing information on children's social interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63: 41-50. [aLJ]
186. Hartwig, M. & Bond, C. F. (2011) Why do lie-catchers fail? A lens model metaanalysis of human lie judgments. Psychological Bulletin 137:643-59. [JFK]
187. Hartwig, M. & Bond, C. F. (2014) Lie detection from multiple cues: A meta-analysis. Applied Cognitive Psychology 28:661-76. [JFK]
188. Haselton, M. G. (2003) The sexual overperception bias: Evidence of a systematic bias in men from a survey of naturally occurring events. Journal of Research in Personality 37(1):34-47. [ACL]
189. Haselton, M. G. & Buss, D. M. (2000) Error management theory: A new perspective on biases in cross-sex mind reading. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78(1):81-91. [ACL, rLJ]
190. Hassin, R. R., Aviezer, H. & Bentin, S. (2013) Inherently ambiguous: Facial expressions of emotions, in context. Emotion Review 5(1):60-65. [JFK]
191. Hastie, R. & Dawes, R. M. (2001) Rational choice in an uncertain world : The psychology of judgment and decision making. Sage. [JFK]
192. Hastorf, A. H. & Cantril, H. (1954) They saw a game: A case study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 49(1):129-34. [arLJ]
193. Hazlett, B. A. (1996) Assessments during shell exchanges by the hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus: The complete negotiator. Animal Behaviour 51:567-73. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0060 [ACL]
194. Healy, K. (2015) The performativity of networks. European Journal of Sociology 56:175-205. [NHW]
195. Heine, S. J., Buchtel, E. E. & Norenzayan, A. (2008) What do cross-national comparisons of personality traits tell us? the case of conscientiousness. Psychological Science 19:309-13. [aLJ]
196. Herrnstein, R. J. & Murray, C. (1994) The bell curve. The Free Press. [aLJ]
197. Hinnant, J. B., O'Brien, M. & Ghazarian, S. R. (2009) The longitudinal relationship of teacher expectations to achievement in the early school years. Journal of Educational Psychology 101:662-70. [aLJ]
198. Hollander, M. A., Gelman, S. A. & Star, J. (2002) Children's interpretation of generic noun phrases. Developmental Psychology 38(6):883-94. [LB]
199. Hsu, L. M. (2004) Biases of success rate differences shown in binomial effect size displays. Psychological Methods 9(2):183-97. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.2.183 [DT]
200. Hurwitz, J. & Peffley, M. (2005) Playing the race card in the post-Willie Horton Era: The impact of racialized code words on support for punitive crime policy. Public Opinion Quarterly 69:99-112. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfi004 [BMT]
201. Ickes, W., ed. (1997) Empathic accuracy. Guilford Press. [aLJ]
202. Ioannidis, J. P. (2012) Why science is not necessarily self-correcting. Perspectives on Psychological Science 7:645-54. [rLJ]
203. Johnson, J. D., Olivo, N., Gibson, N., Reed, W. & Ashburn-Nardo, L. (2009) Priming media stereotypes reduces support for social welfare policies: The mediating role of empathy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 35:463-76. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208329856 [BMT]
204. Jones, E. E. (1985) Major developments in social psychology during the past five decades. In The handbook of social psychology, vol. 1, 3rd edition, ed. G. Lindzey & E. Aronson, pp. 47-107. Random House. [aLJ]
205. Jones, E. E. (1986) Interpreting interpersonal behavior: The effects of expectancies. Science 234:41-46. [aLJ]
206. Jones, E. E. (1990) Interpersonal perception. W. H. Freeman. [aLJ]
207. Jönsson, M. L. & Hampton, J. A. (2006) The inverse conjunction fallacy. Journal of Memory and Language 55(3):317-34. [LB]
208. Jordan, C. H. & Zanna, M. P. (2007) Not all experiments are created equal: On conducting and reporting persuasive experiments. In: Critical thinking in psychology, ed. R. J. Sternberg, D. Halpern & H. L. Roediger, III, pp. 160-76. Cambridge University Press. [rLJ]
209. Jost, J. T. (2011) Ideological bias in social psychology? The Situationist. Available at: https://thesituationist.wordpress.com/2011/03/02/ideological-bias-in-social-psychology/ [rLJ]
210. Jost, J. T. & Banaji, M. R. (1994) The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology 33:1-27. [aLJ]
211. Jost, J. T., Chaikalis-Petritsis, V., Abrams, D., Sidanius, J., Van Der Toorn, J. & Bratt, C. (2012) Why men (and Women) do and don't rebel effects of system justification on willingness to protest. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 38:197-208. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211422544 [BMT]
212. Jost, J. T. & Kay, A. C. (2005) Exposure to benevolent sexism and complementary gender stereotypes: Consequences for specific and diffuse forms of system justification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 88:498-509. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.498 [BMT]
213. Jost, J. T., Kivetz, Y., Rubini, M., Guermandi, G. & Mosso, C. (2005) System-justifying functions of complementary regional and ethnic stereotypes: Crossnational evidence. Social Justice Research 18:305-33. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-005-6827-z [BMT]
214. Jost, J. T. & Kruglanski, A. W. (2002) The estrangement of social constructionism and experimental social psychology: History of the rift and prospects for reconciliation. Personality and Social Psychology Review 6:168-87. [arLJ]
215. Judd, C. M. & Park, B. (1993) Definition and assessment of accuracy in social stereotypes. Psychological Review 100:109-28. [aLJ]
216. Judd, C. M., Park, B. & Ryan, C. S. (1991) Accuracy in the judgment of in-group and out-groupvariability. Journal of Personalityand Social Psychology61:366-79.[aLJ]
217. Judd, C. M., Park, B., Ryan, C. S., Brauer, M., & Kraus, S. (1995). Stereotypes and ethnocentrism: Diverging interethnic perceptions of African American and White American youth. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69:460-81. [aLJ]
218. Jussim, L. (1991) Social perception and social reality: A reflection-construction model. Psychological Review 98:54-73. [arLJ]
219. Jussim, L. (2012) Social perception and social reality: Why accuracy dominates bias and self-fulfilling prophecy. Oxford University Press. [arLJ, KA, LB, J-FB, JC, DMK, JFK, ACL, GM, JM, CCM, SM, BMT, ST, DT, BW, NHW]
220. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T., Anglin, S. M., Chambers, J. R., Stevens, S. T. & Cohen, F. (2016a) Stereotype accuracy: One of the largest and most replicable effects in all of social psychology. In: Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination, 2nd edition, ed. T. Nelson, pp. 31-63. Psychology Press. [rLJ]
221. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T., Anglin, S. M. & Stevens, S. T. (2015a) Ideological bias in social psychological research. In: Social psychology and politics, ed. J. P. Forgas, K. Fiedler & W. Crano, pp. 91-109. Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis. [GM, rLJ]
222. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T., Anglin, S. M., Stevens, S. M. & Duarte, J. L. (2016b) Interpretations and methods: Towards a more effectively self-correcting social psychology. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 66:116-33. [rLJ]
223. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T. & Rubinstein, R. S. (2015b) Stereotype (in)accuracy in perceptions of groups and individuals. Current Directions in Psychological Science 24:490-97. [rLJ]
224. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T., Stevens, S. T. & Anglin, S. M. (2016c) The politics of social psychological science: Distortions in the social psychology of intergroup relations. In: Social psychology of political polarization, ed. P. Valdesolo, & J. Graham, pp. 165-96. Routledge. [rLJ]
225. Jussim, L., Crawford, J. T., Stevens, S. T., Anglin, S. M. & Duarte, J. L. (2016d) Can high moral purposes undermine scientific integrity? In: The social psychology of morality, ed. J. Forgas, L. Jussim & P. van Lange, pp. 173-95. Taylor and Francis. [rLJ]
226. Jussim, L. & Eccles, J. (1995) Naturalistic studies of interpersonal expectancies. Review of Personality and Social Psychology 15:74-108. [aLJ]
227. Jussim, L., Eccles, J. & Madon, S. (1996) Social perception, social stereotypes, and teacher expectations: Accuracy and the quest for the powerful self-fulfilling prophecy. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 28:281-388. [aLJ, ST]
228. Jussim, L. & Harber, K. (2005) Teacher expectations and self-fulfilling prophecies: Knowns and unknowns; resolved and unresolved controversies. Personality and Social Psychology Review 9:131-35. [aLJ]
229. Kahan, D. M. (2010) Fixing the communications failure. Nature 463:296-97. [DMK]
230. Kahan, D. M. (2013) Ideology, motivated reasoning, and cognitive reflection. Judgment and Decision Making 8:407-24. [DMK]
231. Kahan, D. M. (2015a) Laws of cognition and the cognition of law. Cognition 135:56-60. [DMK]
232. Kahan, D. M. (2015b) What is the "science of science communication"? Journal of Scientific Communication 14(3):1-12. [DMK]
233. Kahan, D. M., Hoffman, D. A., Braman, D., Evans, D. & Rachlinski, J. J. (2012a) They saw a protest: Cognitive illiberalism and the speech-conduct distinction. Stanford Law Review 64:851-906. [DMK]
234. Kahan, D. M., Jenkins-Smith, H. & Braman, D. (2011) Cultural cognition of scientific consensus. Journal of Risk Research 14:147-74. [DMK]
235. Kahan, D. M., Peters, E., Dawson, E. & Slovic, P. (2013) Motivated numeracy and enlightened self-government. Cultural Cognition Project Working Paper No. 116. Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=2319992. [DMK]
236. Kahan, D. M., Peters, E., Wittlin, M., Slovic, P., Ouellette, L. L., Braman, D. & Mandel, G. (2012b) The polarizing impact of science literacy and numeracy on perceived climate change risks. Nature: Climate Change 2:732-35. [DMK, rLJ]
237. Kahneman, D. (2011) Thinking, fast and slow. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. [GM]
238. Kahneman, D. & Frederick, S. (2005) A model of heuristic judgment. In: The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning, ed. K. J. Holyoak & R.G. Morrison, pp. 267-93. Cambridge University Press. [DMK]
239. Katz, D. & Braly, K. (1933) Racial stereotypes of one hundred college students. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 28:280-90. [aLJ]
240. Kay, A. C., Czapliński, S. & Jost, J. T. (2009) Left-right ideological differences in system justification following exposure to complementary versus noncomplementary stereotype exemplars. European Journal of Social Psychology 39:290-98. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.500 [BMT]
241. Kay, A. C. & Jost, J. T. (2003) Complementary justice: Effects of "poor but happy" and "poor but honest" stereotype exemplars on system justification and implicit activation of the justice motive. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85:823-37. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.823 [BMT]
242. Kelley, H. H. & Stahelski, A. J. (1970) The social interaction basis of cooperators' and competitors' beliefs about others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 16:66-91. [aLJ]
243. Kelly, G. A. (1955) The psychology of personal constructs: Vol. I. A theory of personality. W.W. Norton. [SM]
244. Kenny, D. A. (1994) Interpersonal perception: A social relations analysis. Guilford Press. [aLJ]
245. Kenny, D. A., Albright, L., Malloy, T. E. & Kashy, D. A. (1994) Consensus in interpersonal perception: Acquaintance and the big five. Psychological Bulletin 116:245-58. [ACL]
246. Khemlani, S., Leslie, S. J. & Glucksberg, S. (2012) Inferences about members of kinds: The generics hypothesis. Language and Cognitive Processes 27(6):887-900. [LB]
247. Kihlstrom, J. F. (2004a) "An unwarrantable impertinence" [Commentary on The Illusion of Conscious Will by D. M. Wegner]. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27:666-67. [JFK]
248. Kihlstrom, J. F. (2004b) Is there a "People are Stupid" school in social psychology? [Commentary on "Towards a balanced social psychology: Causes, consequences, and cures for the problem-seeking approach to social behavior and cognition" by J. I. Krueger & D. C. Funder]. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27:348-49. [JFK]
249. Kihlstrom, J. F. (2004c) Is your unconscious smarter than you are? [Book review of Strangers to ourselves: Discovering the adaptive unconscious by T. D. Wilson]. Psyc CRITIQUES 49(Suppl. 14):Article 99. [JFK]
250. Kihlstrom, J. F. (2008) The automaticity juggernaut. In: Psychology and free will, ed. J. Baer, J. C. Kaufman & R. F. Baumeister, pp. 155-80. Oxford University Press. [JFK]
251. Kihlstrom, J. F. (2013) The person-situation interaction. In: Oxford handbook of social cognition, ed. D. Carlston, pp. 786-805. Oxford University Press. [JFK]
252. King, L. A. (2013) Experience psychology, 2nd edition. McGraw-Hill. [rLJ]
253. Kinzler, K. D. & Spelke, E. S. (2011) Do infants show social preferences for people differing in race? Cognition 119:1-9. [ST]
254. Klayman, J. & Ha, Y. (1987) Confirmation, disconfirmation, and information in hypothesis testing. Psychological Review 94:211-28. [aLJ]
255. Klein, D. B. & Stern, C. (2005) Professors and their politics: The policy views of social scientists. Critical Review 17:257-303. [GM]
256. Klein, D. B. & Stern, C. (2009) By the numbers: The ideological profile of professors. In: The Politically Correct University : Problems, scope, and reforms, ed. R. Maranto, R. E. Redding, & F. M. Hess, pp. 15-37. AEI Press. [GM]
257. Kluegel, J. R. & Smith, E. R. (1986) Beliefs about inequality: Americans' view of what is and what ought to be. Transaction Publishers. [BMT]
258. Krebs, J. R. & Dawkins, R. (1984) Animal signals: Mind reading and manipulation. In: Behavioural ecology: An evolutionary approach, 2nd edition, ed. J. R. Krebs & N. B. Davies, pp. 380-402. Blackwell Scientific. [ACL]
259. Krueger, J. I. & Funder, D. C. (2004) Towards a balanced social psychology: Causes, consequences, and cures for the problem-seeking approach to social behavior and cognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27(3):313-27. [JFK, SM]
260. Kruglanski, A. (1989) The psychology of being "right": The problem of accuracy in social perception and cognition. Psychological Bulletin 106:395-409. [aLJ]
261. Kuhn, T. S. (1962/1996) The structure of scientific revolutions. University of Chicago Press. (Original work published in 1962). [NHW]
262. Kulik, J. A. (1983) Confirmatory attribution and the perpetuation of social beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44:1171-81. [aLJ]
263. Kunda, Z. (1990) The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 108:480-98. [DMK]
264. Kunda, Z. & Thagard, P. (1996) Forming impressions from stereotypes, traits, and behaviors: A parallel-constraint-satisfaction theory. Psychological Review 103:284-308. [aLJ]
265. Kurzban, R. (2012) On the advantages of being wrong. Bioscience 62:516-17. [JM]
266. Lakatos, I. (1999) The logic of mathematical discovery. Cambridge University Press. [NHW]
267. Långström, N., Rahman, Q., Carlström, E. & Lichtenstein, P. (2010) Genetic and environmental effects on same-sex sexual behavior: A population study of twins in Sweden. Archives of Sexual Behavior 39:75-80. [GM]
268. LaPiere, R. T. (1936) Type-rationalizations of group antipathy. Social Forces 15:232-37. [aLJ]
269. LaTour, B. (1999) Pandora's hope: Essays on the reality of science studies. Harvard University Press. [NHW]
270. Lawler, J. M. (1973) Studies in English generics. University of Michigan Papers in Linguistics 1(1):1-184. [LB]
271. Leach, C. W., Iyer, A. & Pedersen, A. (2006) Anger and guilt about ingroup advantage explain the willingness for political action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 32:1232-45. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/0146167206289729 [BMT]
272. Leach, C. W., Snider, N. & Iyer, A. (2002) "Poisoning the consciences of the fortunate": The experience of relative advantage and support for social equality. In: Relative deprivation: Specification, development and integration, ed. I. Walker & H. Smith, pp. 136-63. Cambridge University Press. [BMT]
273. Lefevre, C. E., Lewis, G. J., Perrett, D. I. & Penke, L. (2013) Telling facial metrics: Facial width is associated with testosterone levels in men. Evolution and Human Behavior 34(4):273-79. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav. 2013.03.005 [ACL]
274. Leslie, S. J. (2007) Generics and the structure of the mind. Philosophical Perspectives 21(1):375-403. [LB]
275. Leslie, S. J. (2008) Generics: Cognition and acquisition. Philosophical Review 117 (1):1-47. [LB]
276. Leslie, S. J. (in press) The original sin of cognition: Fear, prejudice and generalization. The Journal of Philosophy. [LB, rLJ]
277. Leslie, S. J. & Gelman, S. A. (2012) Quantified statements are recalled as generics: Evidence from preschool children and adults. Cognitive Psychology 64(3):186-214. [LB]
278. Leslie, S. J., Khemlani, S. & Glucksberg, S. (2011) Do all ducks lay eggs? The generic overgeneralization effect. Journal of Memory and Language 65(1):15-31. [LB, rLJ]
279. Lessig, L. (1995) The regulation of social meaning. The University of Chicago Law Review 62:943-1045. [DMK]
280. Lewis, J., DeGusta, D., Meyer, M., Monge, J., Mann, A. & Holloway, R. L. (2011) The mismeasure of science: Stephen Jay Gould versus Samuel George Morton on skulls and bias. PLoS Biology 9:e1001071. [GM]
281. Lewis, K. L., Hodges, S. D., Laurent, S., Srivastava, S. & Biancarosa, G. (2012) Reading between the minds: The use of stereotypes in empathic accuracy. Psychological Science 23:1040-46. [aLJ]
282. Lilienfeld, S. O. (2010) Can psychology become a science? Personality and Individual Differences 49:281-88. [rLJ]
283. Lilienfeld, S. O., Ammirati, R. & Landfield, K. (2009) Giving debiasing away: Can psychological research on correcting cognitive errors promote human welfare? Perspectives on Psychological Science 4(4):390-98. [DMK]
284. Lippa, R. (2010) Sex differences in personality traits and gender-related occupational preferences across 53 nations: Testing evolutionary and social-environmental theories. Archives of Sexual Behavior 39:619-36. [GM]
285. Lippmann, W. (1922/1991) Public opinion. Transaction Publishers. [aLJ]
286. Little, A. C., Jones, B. C., DeBruine, L. M. & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2013) Accuracy in discrimination of self-reported cooperators using static facial information. Personality and Individual Differences 54(4):507-12. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.018 [ACL]
287. Little, A. C., McPherson, J., Dennington, L. & Jones, B. C. (2011) Accuracy in assessment of self-reported stress and a measure of health from static facial information. Personality and Individual Differences 51(6):693-98. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.010 [ACL]
288. Little, A. C. & Perrett, D. I. (2007) Using composite images to assess accuracy in personality attribution to faces. British Journal of Psychology 98:111-26. [ACL]
289. Little, A. C., Trebicky, V., Havlicek, J., Roberts, S. C. & Kleisner, K. (2015) Human perception of fighting ability: Facial cues predict winners and losers in mixed martial arts fights. Behavioural Ecology 26:1470-75.. [ACL]
290. Löckenhoff, C. E., Chan, W., McCrae, R. R., De Fruyt, F., Jussim, L., De Bolle, M., Costa, P. T., Jr., Sutin, A. R., Realo, A., Allik, J., Nakazato, K., Shimonaka, Y., Hřebíčková, M., Graf, S., Yik, M., Ficková, E., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Leibovich de Figueora, N., Schmidt, V., Ahn, C.-K., Ahn, H.-N., Aguilar Vafaie, M. E., Siuta, J., Szmigielska, B., Cain, T. R., Crawford, J. T., Anwar Mastor, K., Rolland, J.-P., Nansubuga, F., Miramontez, D. R., Benet-Martínez, V., Rossier, J., Bratko, D., Marušić, I., Halberstadt, J., Yamaguchi, M., Knežević, G., Martin, T. A., Gheorghiu, M., Smith, P. B., Barbaranelli, C., Wang, L., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Lima, M. P., Klinkosz, W., Sekowski, A., Alcalay, L., Simonetti, F., Avdeyeva, T. V., Pramila, V. S. & Terracciano, A. (2014) Gender stereotypes of personality: Universal and accurate? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 45:675-94. [aLJ]
291. Locksley, A., Borgida, E., Brekke, N. & Hepburn, C. (1980) Sex stereotypes and social judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39:821-31. [KA]
292. Lodge, M. & Taber, C. S. (2013) The rationalizing voter. Cambridge University Press. [DMK]
293. Loftus, E. F. (1975) Leading questions and eyewitness reports. Cognitive Psychology 7:560-72. [BW]
294. Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G. & Burns, H. J. (1978) Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 4:19-31. [BW]
295. Loftus, E. F. & Palmer, J. E. (1974) Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 13:585-89. [BW]
296. Lord, C. G., Desforges, D. M., Fein, S., Pugh, M. A. & Lepper, M. R. (1994) Typicality effects in attitudes toward social policies: A concept-mapping approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66:658-73. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.4.658 [BMT]
297. Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968) Statistical theories of mental test scores. Addison-Wesley. [DT]
298. Lyons, M. J., Lynch, A., Brewer, G. & Bruno, D. (2014) Detection of sexual orientation ("gaydar") by homosexual and heterosexual women. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43(2):345-52. [JFK]
299. MacKenzie, D. (2008) A engine, not a camera: How financial models shape markets (inside technology). MIT Press. [NHW]
300. Macrae, C. N., Bodenhausen, G. V., Milne, A. B. & Jetten, J. (1994) Out of mind but back in sight: Stereotypes on the rebound. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67:808. [ST]
301. Macrae, C. N., Milne, A. B. & Bodenhausen, G. V. (1994) Stereotypes as energysaving devices: A peek inside the cognitive toolbox. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66:37-47. [aLJ]
302. Madon, S., Guyll, M., Spoth, R. & Willard, J. (2004) Self-fulfilling prophecies: The synergistic accumulation of parents' beliefs on children's drinking behavior. Psychological Science 15:837-45. [aLJ]
303. Madon, S. J., Jussim, L. & Eccles, J. (1997) In search of the powerful self-fulfilling prophecy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72:791-809. [aLJ]
304. Madon, S. J., Jussim, L., Keiper, S., Eccles, J., Smith, A. & Palumbo, P. (1998) The accuracy and power of sex, social class and ethnic stereotypes: Naturalistic studies in person perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 24:1304-18. [aLJ]
305. Malle, B. F. (2006) The actor-observer asymmetry in attribution: A (surprising) meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin 132(6):895-919. [JFK]
306. Maranto, R., Redding, R. E. & Hess, F. M. (2009) The politically correct university: Problems, scope, and reforms. AEI Press. [GM]
307. Martin, C. (2016) How ideology has hindered sociological insight. The American Sociologist 47(1):115-30. doi: 10.1007/s12108-015-9263-z. [rLJ]
308. Marx, K. (1906) Das Kapital. C. H. Kerr. [CCM]
309. Maurer, K. L., Park, B. & Judd, C. M. (1996) Stereotypes, prejudice, and judgments of group members: The mediating role of public policy decisions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 32:411-36. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1996.0019 [BMT]
310. Mazella, R. & Feingold, A. (1994) The effects of physical attractiveness, race, socioeconomic status, and gender of defendants and victims on judgments of mock jurors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 24:1315-44. [aLJ]
311. Mazur, A. & Booth, A. (1998) Testosterone and dominance in men. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 21:353-71. [ACL]
312. McArthur, L. Z. & Baron, R. M. (1983) Toward an ecological theory of social perception. Psychological Review 90:215-38. [JFK]
313. McCauley, C. & Stitt, C. L. (1978) An individual and quantitative measure of stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36:929-40. [aLJ]
314. McCauley, C. & Thangavelu, K. (1991) Individual differences in sex stereotyping of occupations and personality traits. Social Psychology Quarterly 54:267-79. [aLJ]
315. McCauley, C., Thangavelu, K. & Rozin, P. (1988) Sex stereotyping of occupations in relation to television representations and census facts. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 9:197-212. [aLJ]
316. McCrae, R. R., Chan, W., Jussim, L., De Fruyt, F., Löckenhoff, C. E., De Bolle, M., Costa, P. T., Jr., Hřebíčková, M., Graf, S., Realo, A., Allik, J., Nakazato, K., Shimonaka, Y., Yik, M., Ficková, E., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Reátigui, N., Leibovich de Figueora, N., Schmidt, V., Ahn, C.-K., Ahn, H., Aguilar-Vafaie, M. E., Siuta, J., Szmigielska, B., Cain, T. R., Crawford, J. T., Mastor, K. A., Rolland, J.- P., Nansubuga, F., Miramontez, D. R., Benet-Martínez, V., Rossier, J., Bratko, D., Marušić, I., Halberstadt, J., Yamaguchi, M., Knežević, G., Purić, D., Martin, T. A., Gheorghiu, M., Smith, P. B., Barbaranelli, C., Wang, L., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Lima, M. P., Klinkosz, W., Sekowski, A., Alcalay, L., Simonetti, F., Avdeyeva, T. V., Pramila, V. S. & Terracciano, A. (2013) The inaccuracy of national character stereotypes. Journal of Research in Personality 47:831-42. [aLJ]
317. McNatt, D. B. (2000) Ancient Pygmalion joins contemporary management: A metaanalysis of the result. Journal of Applied Psychology 85:314-22. [aLJ]
318. McVee, M. B., Dunsmore, K. & Gavelek, J. R. (2005) Schema theory revised. Review of Educational Research 75:531-66. [BW]
319. Mercier, H. & Sperber, D. (2011) Why do humans reason? Arguments for an argumentative theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34(2):57-111. [JM]
320. Merton, R. K. (1948) The self-fulfilling prophecy. Antioch Review 8:193-210. [aLJ]
321. Merton, R.K. (1957) Social theory and social structure. Free Press. [aLJ]
322. Merton, R. K. (1973) The normative structure of science. In: The sociology of science: Theoretical and empirical investigations, pp. 267-80. University of Chicago Press. [GM]
323. Merton, R. K. (1996) On social structure and science. University of Chicago Press. [NHW]
324. Merton, R. K. (1942/1973) The normative structure of science. In: The sociology of science: Theoretical and empirical investigations, ed. R. K. Merton. University of Chicago Press. [rLJ]
325. Meyer, M., Gelman, S. A. & Stilwell, S. M. (2011) Generics are a cognitive default: Evidence from sentence processing. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, ed. L. Carlson, C. Hölscher & T. Shipley, pp. 913-18. Cognitive Science Society. [LB]
326. Mileva, V. R., Cowan, M. L., Cobey, K. D., Knowles, K. K. & Little, A. C. (2014) In the face of dominance: Self-perceived and other-perceived dominance are positively associated with facial-width-to-height ratio in men. Personality and Individual Differences 69:115-18. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid. 2014.05.019 [ACL]
327. Milkman, K., Akinola, M. & Chugh, D. (2015) What happens before? A field experiment exploring how pay and representation differentially shape bias on the pathway into organizations. Journal of Applied Psychology 100:1678-712. [JM]
328. Mill, J. S. (1867) On liberty. James R Osgood. [CCM]
329. Miller, D.T. & Turnbull, W. (1986) Expectancies and interpersonal processes. Annual Review of Psychology 37:233-56. [aLJ]
330. Miller, G. F. (2011) The mating mind. Doubleday. [GM]
331. Mills, C. W. (1959) The sociological imagination. Oxford University Press. [CCM]
332. Monin, B. & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2014) The limitations of direct replications and the virtues of stimulus sampling. Social Psychology 45:299-311. [rLJ]
333. Mook, D. G. (1983) In defense of external invalidity. American Psychologist 38:379-87. [rLJ]
334. Moscovici, S. (1981) On social representations. In: Social cognition, ed. J. P. Forgas, pp. 181-209. Academic Press. [BMT]
335. Mosing, M. A., Madison, G., Pedersen, N. L., Kuja-Halkola, R. & Ullén, F. (2014) Practice does not make perfect: No causal effect of music practice on music ability. Psychological Science 25:1795-803. [GM]
336. Moss-Racusin, C., Dovidio, J., Brescoll, V., Graham, M. & Handelsman, J. (2012) Science faculty's subtle gender biases favor male students. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 109:16474-79. [JM]
337. Mousavi, S. & Gigerenzer, G. (2011) Revisiting the "error" in studies of cognitive errors. In: Errors in organizations, ed. D. A. Hofmann & M. Frese, pp. 97-112. Taylor & Francis. [SM]
338. Neisser, U. (1976a) Cognition and reality: Principles and implications of cognitive psychology. Freeman. [JFK]
339. Neisser, U. (1976b) Gibson's ecological optics: Consequences of a different stimulus description. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior 7:17-28. [JFK]
340. Neisser, U., Boodoo, G., Bouchard, T. J. Jr., Boykin, A. W., Brody, N., Ceci, S. J., Halpern, D. F., Loehlin, J. C., Perloff, R., Sternberg, R. J. & Urbina, S. (1996) Intelligence: Knowns and unknowns. American Psychologist 51:77-101. [aLJ]
341. Nelson, N. L. & Russell, J. A. (2013) Universality revisited. Emotion Review 5(1):8-15. [JFK]
342. Nelson, T. E. & Kinder, D. R. (1996) Issue frames and group-centrism in American public opinion. The Journal of Politics 58:1055-78. Available at: http://doi.org/10.2307/2960149 [BMT]
343. Neth, H. & Gigerenzer, G. (2015)Heuristics: Tools for anuncertainworld. In:Emerging trends in the social and behavioral sciences, ed. R. Scott & S. Kosslyn, pp. 1-18. Wiley. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1002/9781118900772.etrds0394 [SM]
344. Oishi, S., Kesebir, S. & Snyder, B. H. (2009) Sociology: A lost connection in social psychology. Personality and Social Psychology Review 13:334-53. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309347835 [BMT]
345. Olivola, C. Y., Funk, F. & Todorov, A. (2014) Social attributions from faces bias human choices. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 18:566-70. [J-FB]
346. Open Science Collaboration (2015) Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science 349(6251): Article No. 4716. doi: 10.1126/science.aac4716. [rLJ]
347. Ost, J. & Costall, A. (2002) Misremembering Bartlett: A study in serial reproduction. British Journal of Psychology 93:243-55. [BW]
348. Pager, D. (2003) The mark of a criminal record. American Journal of Sociology 108:937-75. [NHW]
349. Paine, T. (1794) The age of reason: Being an investigation of true and fabulous theology. Printed by Barrois. [CCM]
350. Palmer, S. E. (1999) Vision science: Photons to phenomenology. MIT Press. [JFK]
351. Parker, G. A. (1974) Assessment strategy and evolution of fighting behavior. Journal of Theoretical Biology 47(1):223-43. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(74)90111-8 [ACL]
352. Passini, F. T. & Norman, W. T. (1966) A universal conception of personality structure? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4:44-49. [ACL]
353. Peirce, C. S. (1877) The fixation of belief. Popular Science Monthly 12:1-15. [DMK]
354. Peirce, C. S. (1991) Peirce on signs: Writings on semiotic. University of North Carolina Press. [NHW]
355. Penner, A. M. & Saperstein, A. (2008) How social status shapes race. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105:19628-30. [NHW]
356. Penton-Voak, I. S. & Chen, J. Y. (2004) High salivary testosterone is linked to masculine male facial appearance in humans. Evolution and Human Behavior 25:229-41. [ACL]
357. Perilloux, C., Munoz-Reyes, J., Turiegano, E., Kurzban, R. & Pita, M. (2015) Do (non-American) men overestimate women's sexual intentions? Evolutionary Psychological Science 1:150-54. [JM]
358. Perrett, D. I., Lee, K. J., Penton-Voak, I. S., Rowland, D. R., Yoshikawa, S., Burt, D. M., Henzi, S. P., Castles, D. L. & Akamatsu, S. (1998) Effects of sexual dimorphism on facial attractiveness. Nature 394:884-87. Available at: http://dx. doi.org/10.1038/29772 [ACL]
359. Pettigrew, T. F. (2006) The advantages of multilevel approaches. Journal of Social Issues 62:615-20. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2006.00477.x [BMT]
360. Pinker, S. (2002) The blank slate. Penguin. [rLJ]
361. Planck, M. K. (1950) Scientific autobiography and other papers. Philosophical Library. [rLJ]
362. Poderl, M. (2014) Bayesian adice for gaydar-based picking up: Commentary on Lyons, Lynch, Brewer, and Bruno (2013). Archives of Sexual Behavior 43(1):7-9. [JFK]
363. Porter, S., England, L., Juodis, M., ten Brinke, L. & Wilson, K. (2008) Is the face a window to the soul? Investigation of the accuracy of intuitive judgments of the trustworthiness of human faces. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 40:171-77. [J-FB]
364. Porter, S., Gustaw, C. & ten Brinke, L. (2010) Dangerous decisions: The impact of first impressions of trustworthiness on the evaluation of legal evidence and defendant culpability. Psychology, Crime, and Law 16:477-91. [J-FB]
365. Prasada, S. (2000) Acquiring generic knowledge. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (2):66-72. [LB]
366. Prasada, S. & Dillingham, E. M. (2006) Principled and statistical connections in common sense conception. Cognition 99(1):73-112. [LB]
367. Prasada, S. & Dillingham, E. M. (2009) Representation of principled connections: A window onto the formal aspect of common sense conception. Cognitive Science 33(3):401-48. [LB]
368. Prasada, S., Khemlani, S., Leslie, S. J. & Glucksberg, S. (2013) Conceptual distinctions amongst generics. Cognition 126(3):405-22. [LB]
369. Putnam, H. (1988) The many faces of realism. Open Court. [NHW]
370. Raudenbush, S. W. (1984) Magnitude of teacher expectancy effects on pupil IQ as a function of the credibility of expectancy inductions: A synthesis of findings from 18 experiments. Journal of Educational Psychology 76:85-97. [aLJ]
371. Raudenbush, S. W. (1994) Random effects models. In: Handbook of research synthesis, ed. H. Cooper & L. V. Hedges, pp. 301-21. Russell Sage Foundation. [aLJ]
372. Reyna, C., Henry, P. J., Korfmacher, W. & Tucker, A. (2006) Examining the principles in principled conservatism: The role of responsibility stereotypes as cues for deservingness in racial policy decisions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90:109-28. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.1.109 [BMT]
373. Rhodes, M., Leslie, S. J. & Tworek, C. M. (2012) Cultural transmission of social essentialism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 109 (34):13526-31. [LB]
374. Richard, F. D., Bond, C. F., Jr. & Stokes-Zoota, J. J. (2003) One hundred years of social psychology quantitatively described. Review of General Psychology 7:331-63. [aLJ]
375. Rist, R. (1970) Student social class and teacher expectations: The self-fulfilling prophecy in ghetto education. Harvard Educational Review 40:411-51. [aLJ]
376. Rosenhan, D. L. (1973) On being sane in insane places. Science 179:250-68. [arLJ]
377. Rosenthal, R. & Jacobson, L. (1968) Pygmalion in the classroom: Teacher expectations and pupils' intellectual development. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. [arLJ, NHW]
378. Rosenthal, R. & Rosnow, R. L. (1991) Essentials of behavioral research: Methods and data analysis. McGraw-Hill. [DT]
379. Rosenthal, R. & Rubin, D. B. (1978) Interpersonal expectancy effects: The first 345 studies. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:377-86. [aLJ]
380. Ross, L. D., Lepper, M. & Ward, A. (2010) History of social psychology: Insights, challenges, and contributions to theory and application. In: Handbook of social psychology, vol. 1, 5th edition, eds. S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert & G. Lindzey, pp. 3-50. Wiley. [aLJ]
381. Rothbart, M., Evans, M. & Fulero, S. (1979) Recall for confirming events: Memory processes and the maintenance of social stereotypes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 15:343-55. [aLJ]
382. Rubovitz, R. & Maehr, M. (1973) Pygmalion black and white. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 19:197-203. [aLJ]
383. Rule, N. O. & Ambady, N. (2010) Democrats and republicans can be differentiated from their faces. PLoS ONE 5(1):e8733. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008733 [ACL]
384. Rule, N. O., Ambady, N., Adams, R. B., Jr., Ozono, H., Nakashima, S., Yoshikawa, S. & Watabe, M. (2010) Polling the face: Prediction and consensus across cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98:1-15. [J-FB]
385. Rule, N. O., Krendl, A. C., Ivcevic, Z. & Ambady, N. (2013) Accuracy and consensus in judgments of trustworthiness from faces: Behavioral and neural correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 10:409-26. [J-FB]
386. Ryan, C. (1996) Accuracy of Black and White college students' in-group and outgroup stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 22:1114-27. [aLJ]
387. Ryan, C. S. (2002) Stereotype accuracy. European Review of Social Psychology 13:75-109. [aLJ]
388. Ryan, C. S. & Bogart, L. M. (2001) Longitudinal changes in the accuracy of new group members' in-group and out-group stereotypes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 37:118-33. [aLJ]
389. Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (2000) Self-determination theory and the faciliation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist 55(1):68-78. [CCM]
390. Ryff, C. D. (1989) Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57:1069-81. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069 [CCM]
391. Ryff, C. D. & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995) The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69:719-27. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719 [CCM]
392. Saab, R., Tausch, N., Spears, R. & Cheung, W. Y. (2014) Acting in solidarity: Testing an extended dual pathway model of collective action by bystander group members. British Journal of Social Psychology 54:539-60. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12095 [BMT]
393. Schacter, D. L., Gilbert, D. T., Wegner, D. M. & Nock, M. K. (2015) Introducing psychology, 3rd edition. Worth. [rLJ]
394. Schmidt, F. L. & Hunter, J. E. (1998) The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: Practical and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings. Psychological Bulletin 124:262-74. [aLJ]
395. Schneider, D. J., Hastorf, H. & Ellsworth, P. C. (1979) Person perception, 2nd edition. Addison-Wesley. [aLJ]
396. Schwartz, B. (2004) The paradox of choice: Why more is less. Harper Collins. [CCM]
397. Searle, J. (1995) The construction of social reality. Free Press. [JFK, NHW]
398. Searle, J. R. (2011) Making the social world: The structure of human civilization. Oxford University Press. [JFK]
399. Sedikides, C. & Skowronski, J. (1991) On the law of cognitive structure activation: Reply to commentaries. Psychological Inquiry 2:211-19. [aLJ]
400. Sesardic, N. (2010) Race: A social destruction of a biological concept. Biology and Philosophy 25:143-62. [GM]
401. Shank, R. & Abelson, R. (1977) Scripts, plans, goals and understanding. Erlbaum. [BW]
402. Sherman, D. K. & Cohen, G. L. (2006) The psychology of self-defense: Self-affirmation theory. In: Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 38, ed. M. P. Zanna, pp. 183-242. Academic Press. [DMK]
403. Silver, N. C. & Dunlap, W. P. (1987) Averaging correlation coefficients: Should Fisher's z transformation be used? Journal of Applied Psychology 72(1):146-48. [aLJ]
404. Simmons, J. P., Nelson, L. D. & Simonsohn, U. (2011) False-positive psychology undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant. Psychological Science 22:1359-66. [rLJ]
405. Simon, B. & Klandermans, B. (2001) Politicized collective identity: A social psychological analysis. American Psychologist 56:319-31. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.4.319 [BMT]
406. Siy, J. O. & Cheryan, S. (2013) When compliments fail to flatter: American individualism and responses to positive stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 104(1):87-102. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/a0030183 [CCM]
407. Smith, A., Jussim, L. & Eccles, J. (1999) Do self-fulfilling prophecies accumulate, dissipate, or remain stable over time? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77:548-65. [aLJ]
408. Smith, C. (2003) Moral, believing animals: Human personhood and culture. Oxford University Press. [CCM]
409. Smith, C. (2015) To flourish or destruct: A personalist theory of human goods, motivations, failure, and evil. University of Chicago Press. [CCM]
410. Snow, R. E. (1995) Pygmalion and intelligence? Current Directions in Psychological Science 4:169-71. [aLJ]
411. Snyder, M. (1984) When belief creates reality. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 18:247-305. [aLJ]
412. Snyder, M. & Swann, W. B., Jr. (1978a) Behavioral confirmation in social interaction: From social perception to social reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 14:148-62. [arLJ]
413. Snyder, M. & Swann, W. B., Jr. (1978b) Hypothesis-testing processes in social interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36:1202-12. [aLJ]
414. Snyder, M., Tanke, E. D. & Berscheid, E. (1977) Social perception and interpersonal behavior: On the self-fulfilling nature of social stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 35:656-66. [aLJ]
415. Snyder, M. & Uranowitz, S. W. (1978) Reconstructing the past: Some cognitive consequences of person perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36:941-50. [aLJ]
416. Söderlund, T. & Madison, G. (2015) Characteristics of gender studies publications: A bibliometric analysis based on a Swedish population database. Scientometrics 105:1347-87. [GM]
417. Spitz, H. H. (1999) Beleaguered Pygmalion: A history of the controversy over claims that teacher expectancy raises intelligence. Intelligence 27:199-234. [aLJ]
418. Spitzer, R. L. (1975) On pseudoscience in science, logic in remission, and psychiatric diagnosis: A critique of Rosenhan's "On being sane in insane places." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 84:442-52. [aLJ]
419. Spitzer, R. L., Andreasen, N. C. & Endicott, J. (1978) Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in DSM-III. Schizophrenia Bulletin 4:489-509. [aLJ]
420. Stangor, C. (1995) Content and application inaccuracy in social stereotyping. In: Stereotype accuracy: Towards appreciating group differences, ed. Y. T. Lee, L. Jussim & C. R. McCauley, pp. 275-92. American Psychological Association. [aLJ]
421. Stangor, C. & McMillan, D. (1992) Memory for expectancy-congruent and expectancy-incongruent information: A review of the social and social developmental literatures. Psychological Bulletin 111:42-61. [aLJ]
422. Stanovich, K. E. (2009) What intelligence tests miss. Yale University Press. [GM]
423. Stanovich, K. E. (2011) Who is rational? Routledge. [GM]
424. Steele, C. M. & Aronson, J. (1995) Stereotype threat and the intellectual performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69:797-811. [aLJ]
425. Stern, C., West, T. V., Jost, J. T. & Rule, N. O. (2013) The politics of gaydar: Ideological differences in the use of gendered cues in categorizing sexual orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 104:520-41. [aLJ]
426. Stewart, A. L., Pratto, F., Zeineddine, F. B., Sweetman, J., Eicher, V., Licata, L., Morselli, D., Saab, R., Aiello, A,. Chryssochoou, X., Cichocka, A., Cidam, A. Foels, R., Giguere, B., Lui, L., Prati, F. & van Stekelenburg, J. (2016) International support for the Arab uprisings: Understanding sympathetic collective action using theories of social dominance and social identity. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 19:6-26. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1177/1368430214558310 [BMT]
427. Stirrat, M. & Perrett, D. I. (2010) Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: Male facial width and trustworthiness. Psychological Science 21:349-54. [J-FB]
428. Sunstein, C. R. (2006) Misfearing: A reply. Harvard Law Review 119(4):1110-25. [DMK]
429. Sunstein, C. R. (2007) On the divergent American reactions to terrorism and climate change. Columbia Law Review 107:503-57. [DMK]
430. Surowiecki, J. (2004) The wisdom of crowds: Why the many are smarter than the few and how collective wisdom shapes business, economies, societies, and nations. Doubleday. [aLJ]
431. Swann, W. B., Jr. & Ely, R. J. (1984) A battle of wills: Self-verification versus behavioral confirmation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46:1287-302. [aLJ]
432. Swim, J. K. (1994) Perceived versus meta-analytic effect sizes: An assessment of the accuracy of gender stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66:21-36. [arLJ]
433. Swim, J. K., Borgida, E., Maruyama, G. & Myers, D. G. (1989) Joan McKay vs. nJohn McKay: Do gender stereotypes bias evaluations? Psychological Bulletin 105:409-29. [aLJ]
434. Swim, J. K., Hyers, L. L., Cohen, L. L. & Ferguson, M. J. (2001) Everyday sexism: Evidence for its incidence, nature, and psychological impact from three daily diary studies. Journal of Social Issues 57:31-53. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00200 [BMT]
435. Tajfel, H. (1974) Intergroup behaviour, social comparison and social change. Unpublished Katz-Newcomb lectures. University of Michigan. [BMT]
436. Tajfel, H. (1981) Social stereotypes and social groups. In: Intergroup behaviour, ed. J. C. Turner & H. Giles, pp. 144-67. Blackwell. [BMT]
437. Tajfel, H. & Turner, J. C. (1979) An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In: The social psychology of intergroup relations, ed. W. G. Austin & S. Worchel, pp. 33-47. Brooks/Cole. [BMT]
438. Tausch, N., Becker, J. C., Spears, R., Christ, O., Saab, R., Singh, P. & Siddiqui, R. N. (2011) Explaining radical group behavior: Developing emotion and efficacy routes to normative and nonnormative collective action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 101(1):129-48. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1037/a0022728 [BMT]
439. Taylor, M. C. (1979) Race, sex, and the expression of self-fulfilling prophecies in a laboratory teaching situation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37:897-912. [aLJ]
440. Terbeck, S., Kahane, G., McTavish, S., McCutcheon, R., Hewstone, M., Savulescu, J., Chesterman, L. P., Cowen, P. J. & Norbury, R. (2015) β-Adrenoceptor blockade modulates fusiform gyrus activity to black versus white faces. Psychopharmacology 22:1-8. [ST]
441. Terbeck, S., Kahane, G., McTavish, S., Savulescu, J., Cowen, P. J. & Hewstone, M. (2012) Propranolol reduces implicit negative racial bias. Psychopharmacology 222:419-24. [ST]
442. Terracciano, A., Abdel-Khalek, A. M., Adám, N., Adamova, L., Ahn, C.-K., Ahn, H.- N., Alansari, B. M., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Angleitner, A., Avia, M. D., Ayearst, L. E., Barbaranelli, C., Beer, A., Borg-Cunen, M. A., Bratko, D., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Budzinski, L, Camart, N., Dahourou, D., De Fruyt, F., de Lima, M. P., del Pilar, G. E., Diener, E., Falzon, R., Fernando, K., Ficková, E., Fischer, R., Flores-Mendoza, C., Ghayur, M. A., Gulgoz, S., Hagberg, B., Halberstadt, J., Halim, M. S., Hřebičková, M., Humrichouse, J., Jensen, H. H., Jočič, D. D., Jonsson, F. H., Khoury, B., Klinkosz, W., Knežević, G., Lauri, M. A., Leibovich, N., Martin, T. A., Marusič, I., Mastor, K. A., Matsumoto, D., McRorie, M., Meshcheriakov, B., Mortensen, E. L., Munyae, M., Nagy, J., Nakazato, K., Nansubuga, F., Oishi, S., Ojedokun, A. O., Ostendorf, F., Paulhus, D. L., Pelevin, S., Petot, J. M., Podobnik, N., Porrata, J. L., Pramila, V. S., Prentice, G., Realo, A., Reátegui, N., Rolland, J.-P., Rossier, J., Ruch, W., Rus, V. S., Sánchez-Bernardos, M. L., Schmidt, V., Sciculna-Calleja, S., Sekowski, A., Shakespeare-Finch, J., Shimonaka, Y., Simonetti, F., Sineshaw, T., Siuta, J., Smith, P. B., Trapnell, P. D., Trobst, K. K., Wang, L., Yik, M., Zupančič, A. & McCrae, R. R. (2005) National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures. Science 310:96-100. [aLJ]
443. Tetlock, P. E. (1994) Political psychology or politicized psychology: Is the road to scientific hell paved with good moral intentions? Political Psychology 509-29. [rLJ]
444. Thaler, R. H. & Sunstein, C. R. (2008) Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. Penguin. [CCM]
445. Tibbetts, E. A. & Dale, J. (2004) A socially enforced signal of quality in a paper wasp. Nature 432(7014):218-22. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02949 [ACL]
446. Tilly, C. & Wood, L. J. (2003) Contentious connections in Great Britain, 1828-34. In: Social movements and networks: Relational approaches to collective action, ed. M. Diani & D. McAdam, pp. 147-72. Oxford University Press. [BMT]
447. Tinbergen, N. (1963) On aims and methods of Ethology. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 20:410-33. [JM]
448. Todd, P. M., Gigerenzer, G. & the ABC Research Group (2012) Ecological rationality: Intelligence in the world. Oxford University Press. [SM]
449. Todorov, A., Funk, F. & Olivola, C. Y. (2015a) Response to Bonnefon et al.: Limited "kernels of truth" in facial inferences. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 19:422. [J-FB]
450. Todorov, A., Olivola, C. Y., Dotsch, R. & Mende-Siedlecki, P. (2015b) Social attributions from faces: Determinants, consequences, accuracy, and functional significance. Annual Review of Psychology 66:519-45. [J-FB]
451. Tooby, J. & Cosmides, L. (1992) The psychological foundations of culture. In: The adapted mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture, ed. Barkow, J., Cosmides, L. & Tooby, J., pp. 19-136. Oxford University Press. [JM]
452. Trebicky, V., Havlicek, J., Roberts, S. C., Little, A. C. & Kleisner, K. (2013) Perceived aggressiveness predicts fighting performance in mixed-martial-arts fighters. Psychological Science 24(9):1664-72. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797613477117 [ACL]
453. Trope, Y. & Bassok, M. (1982) Confirmatory and diagnosing strategies in social information gathering. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 43:22-34. [aLJ]
454. Trope, Y. & Bassok, M. (1983) Information-gathering strategies in hypothesistesting. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 19:560-76. [arLJ]
455. Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D. (1982) Evidential impact of base rates. In: Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases, ed. D. Kahneman, P. Slovic & A. Tversky, pp. 153-60. Cambridge University Press. [SM]
456. van Zomeren, M., Postmes, T. & Spears, R. (2012) On conviction's collective consequences: Integrating moral conviction with the social identity model of collective action. British Journal of Social Psychology 51:52-71. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2010.02000.x [BMT]
457. van Zomeren, M., Spears, R. & Leach, C. W. (2008) Exploring psychological mechanisms of collective action: Does relevance of group identity influence how people cope with collective disadvantage? British Journal of Social Psychology 47:353-72. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1348/014466607X231091 [BMT]
458. von Baeyer, C. L., Sherk, D. L. & Zanna, M. P. (1981) Impression management in the job interview: When the female applicant meets the male (chauvinist) interviewer. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 7:45-51. [aLJ]
459. Von Hippel, W. & Trivers, R. (2011) The evolution and psychology of self-deception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34(1):1-56. [rLJ]
460. Vul, E., Harris, C., Winkielman, P. & Pashler, H. (2009) Puzzlingly high correlations in fMRI studies in emotion, personality, and social cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science 4:274-90. [rLJ]
461. Wagoner, B. (2013) Bartlett's concept of schema in reconstruction. Theory and Psychology 23:553-75. [BW]
462. Wagoner, B. (2015) Qualitative experiments in psychology: The case of Frederic Bartlett's methodology [82 paragraphs]. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research 16(3): Article 23. Available at: http://nbnresolving. de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1503230. [BW]
463. Wagoner, B. (2017) The constructive mind: Bartlett's psychology in reconstruction. Cambridge University Press. [BW]
464. Wagoner, B. & Gillespie, A. (2014) Sociocultural mediators of remembering: An extension of Bartlett's method of repeated reproduction. British Journal of Social Psychology 53:622-39. [BW]
465. Wald, E. (2008) The rise and fall of the WASP and Jewish law firms. Stanford Law Review 60(6):1803-66. [CCM]
466. Weber, M. (1922/1946) Science as vocation. In: From Max Weber: Essays in sociology, ed. H. H. Gerth & C. Wright Mills. Free Press. (Original work published in 1922). [NHW]
467. Weinstein, R. S., Gregory, A. & Strambler, M. J. (2004) Intractable self-fulfilling prophecies: Fifty years after Brown v. Board of Education. American Psychologist 59:511-20. [aLJ]
468. Wells, G. L. & Windschitl, P. D. (1999) Stimulus sampling and social psychological experimentation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25:1115-25. [rLJ]
469. West, C. & Anderson, T. (1976) The question of preponderant causation in teacher expectancy research. Review of Educational Research 46:613-30. [aLJ]
470. Westen, D., Blagov, P. S., Harenski, K., Kilts, C. & Hamann, S. (2006) Neural bases of motivated reasoning: An fMRI study of emotional constraints on partisan political judgment in the 2004 U.S. Presidential election. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18(11):1947-58. [DMK]
471. Westfall, J., Judd, C. M. & Kenny, D. A. (2015) Replicating studies in which samples of participants respond to samples of stimuli. Perspectives on Psychological Science 10:390-99. [rLJ]
472. Wheeler, M. E. & Fiske, S. T. (2005) Controlling racial prejudice social-cognitive goals affect amygdala and stereotype activation. Psychological Science 16:56-63. [ST]
473. Whitley, B. & Kite, M. (2009) The psychology of prejudice and discrimination. Cengage Learning. [rLJ]
474. Williams, T. (1976) Teacher prophecies and the inheritance of inequality. Sociology of Education 49:223-36. [aLJ]
475. Willis, J. & Todorov, A. (2006) First impressions: Making up your mind after 100 ms exposure to a face. Psychological Science 17:592-98. [J-FB]
476. Wilson, J. P. & Rule, N. O. (2015) Facial trustworthiness predicts extreme criminalsentencing outcomes. Psychological Science 26:1325-31. [J-FB]
477. Wineburg, S. S. (1987) The self-fulfillment of the self-fulfilling prophecy: A critical appraisal. Educational Researcher 16:28-40. [aLJ]
478. Wolsko, C., Park, B., Judd, C. M. & Wittenbrink, B. (2000) Framing interethnic ideology: Effects of multicultural and color-blind perspectives on judgments of groups and individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78:635-54. [aLJ]
479. Woodley, M. A. (2010) Are high-IQ individuals deficient in common sense? A critical examination of the 'clever sillies' hypothesis. Intelligence 38:471-80. [GM]
480. Woodley, M. A. & Dunkel, C. S. (2015) Beyond the cultural mediation hypothesis: A reply to Dutton (2013). Intelligence 49:186-91. [GM]
481. Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P. & Cooper, J. (1974) The nonverbal mediation of selffulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 10:109-20. [aLJ]
482. Wright, S. C. & Baray, G. (2012) Models of social change in social psychology: Collective action or prejudice reduction? Conflict or harmony? In: Beyond prejudice: Extending the social psychology of conflict, inequality and social change, ed. J. Dixon & M. Levine, pp. 225-47. Cambridge University Press. [BMT]
483. Zahavi, A. (1975) Mate selection - A selection for a handicap. Journal of Theoretical Biology 53(1):205-14. [GM, JM]
484. Zanna, M. P. & Pack, S. J. (1975) On the self-fulfilling nature of apparent sex differences in behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 11:583-91. [aLJ]
485. Zawidzki, T. W. (2013) Mindshaping: A new framework for understanding human social cognition. A Bradford Book/MIT Press. [KA]
486. Zebrowitz-McArthur, L. & Baron, R. M. (1983) Toward and ecological approach to social perception. Psychological Review 90:215-38. [ACL]
487. Zimbardo, P. G. (1999) Experimental social psychology: Behaviorism with minds and matters. In: Reflections on 100 years of experimental social psychology, ed. A. Rodrigues & R. V. Levine, pp. 135-57. Basic Books. [JFK]
488. Zuckerman, M., Knee, C. R., Hodgins, H. S. & Miyake, K. (1996) Hypothesis confirmation: The joint effect of positive test strategies and acquiescence response set. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 68:52-60. [aLJ]