메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 419-433

Dietary Flavonoids

Author keywords

Dietary; Flavonoid biological effect, reaching the target for effecting target site; Flavonoids in urine, bile, as biomarkers for flavonoid intake; Flavonoids, and absorption, metabolism, excretion; Flavonoids, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease; Flavonoids, antioxidants, in vivo by indirect antioxidant mechanisms; Flavonoids, as antioxidants chelating iron, scavenging free radicals; Flavonoids, in plant based foods, and beverages; Flavonoids, quercetin, hesperetin, absorption pathways; Quercetin and some metabolites, and effects on neuron cell signaling

Indexed keywords


EID: 84886968068     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781119946045.ch27     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (1)

References (141)
  • 1
    • 0346366814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity by flavan-3-ols and procyanidins
    • Actis-Goretta, L., Ottaviani, J.I., Keen, C.L., et al. (2003) Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity by flavan-3-ols and procyanidins. FEBS Lett 555, 597-600.
    • (2003) FEBS Lett , vol.555 , pp. 597-600
    • Actis-Goretta, L.1    Ottaviani, J.I.2    Keen, C.L.3
  • 2
    • 0141851856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in a mouse model of diabetic neuropathic pain
    • Anjaneyulu, M. and Chopra, K. (2003) Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, attenuates thermal hyperalgesia in a mouse model of diabetic neuropathic pain. Progr Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatr 27, 1001-1005.
    • (2003) Progr Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatr , vol.27 , pp. 1001-1005
    • Anjaneyulu, M.1    Chopra, K.2
  • 3
    • 65549096212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green and black tea consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis
    • Arab, L., Liu, W., and Elashoff, D. (2009) Green and black tea consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis. Stroke 40, 1786-1792.
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40 , pp. 1786-1792
    • Arab, L.1    Liu, W.2    Elashoff, D.3
  • 4
    • 52949110924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, on bacterial enzymes and carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer rats: a dose-dependent study
    • Aranganathan, S., Selvam, J.P., and Nalini, N. (2008) Effect of hesperetin, a citrus flavonoid, on bacterial enzymes and carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer rats: a dose-dependent study. J Pharm Pharmacol 60, 1385-1392.
    • (2008) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.60 , pp. 1385-1392
    • Aranganathan, S.1    Selvam, J.P.2    Nalini, N.3
  • 5
    • 77955097118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After cellular internalization, quercetin causes Nrf2 nuclear translocation, increases glutathione levels, and prevents neuronal death against an oxidative insult
    • Arredondo, F., Echeverry, C., Abin-Carriquiry, J.A., et al. (2010) After cellular internalization, quercetin causes Nrf2 nuclear translocation, increases glutathione levels, and prevents neuronal death against an oxidative insult. Free Radic Biol Med 49, 738-747.
    • (2010) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.49 , pp. 738-747
    • Arredondo, F.1    Echeverry, C.2    Abin-Carriquiry, J.A.3
  • 6
    • 49449099395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the epidemiological evidence on tea, flavonoids, and lung cancer
    • Arts, I.C. (2008) A review of the epidemiological evidence on tea, flavonoids, and lung cancer. J Nutr 138, 1561S-1566S.
    • (2008) J Nutr , vol.138
    • Arts, I.C.1
  • 7
    • 33846661267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does flavanol intake influence mortality from nitric oxide-dependent processes? Ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and cancer in Panama
    • Bayard, V., Chamorro, F., Motta, J., et al. (2007) Does flavanol intake influence mortality from nitric oxide-dependent processes? Ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and cancer in Panama. Int J Med Sci 4, 53-58.
    • (2007) Int J Med Sci , vol.4 , pp. 53-58
    • Bayard, V.1    Chamorro, F.2    Motta, J.3
  • 8
    • 77953163607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenolic apple extracts: effects of raw material and production method on antioxidant effectiveness and reduction of DNA damage in Caco-2 cells
    • Bellion, P., Digles, J., Will, F., et al. (2010) Polyphenolic apple extracts: effects of raw material and production method on antioxidant effectiveness and reduction of DNA damage in Caco-2 cells. J Agric Food Chem 58, 6636-6642.
    • (2010) J Agric Food Chem , vol.58 , pp. 6636-6642
    • Bellion, P.1    Digles, J.2    Will, F.3
  • 9
    • 37349062384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols and inflammation: basic interactions
    • Biesalski, H.K. (2007) Polyphenols and inflammation: basic interactions. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 10, 724-728.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.10 , pp. 724-728
    • Biesalski, H.K.1
  • 10
    • 34548628795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of overweight with increased risk of coronary heart disease partly independent of blood pressure and cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies including more than 300 000 persons
    • Bogers, R.P., Bemelmans, W.J., Hoogenveen, R.T., et al. (2007) Association of overweight with increased risk of coronary heart disease partly independent of blood pressure and cholesterol levels: a meta-analysis of 21 cohort studies including more than 300 000 persons. Arch Intern Med 167, 1720-1728.
    • (2007) Arch Intern Med , vol.167 , pp. 1720-1728
    • Bogers, R.P.1    Bemelmans, W.J.2    Hoogenveen, R.T.3
  • 11
    • 77950221864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II metabolism of hesperetin by individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases and rat and human tissue samples
    • Brand, W., Boersma, M.G., Bik, H., et al. (2010) Phase II metabolism of hesperetin by individual UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases and rat and human tissue samples. Drug Metab Dispos 38, 617-625.
    • (2010) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.38 , pp. 617-625
    • Brand, W.1    Boersma, M.G.2    Bik, H.3
  • 12
    • 50049135635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and transport of the citrus flavonoid hesperetin in Caco-2 cell monolayers
    • Brand, W., van der Wel, P.A., Rein, M.J., et al. (2008) Metabolism and transport of the citrus flavonoid hesperetin in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Drug Metab Dispos 36, 1794-1802.
    • (2008) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.36 , pp. 1794-1802
    • Brand, W.1    van der Wel, P.A.2    Rein, M.J.3
  • 13
    • 84886989355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulating hesperetin bioavailability at the level of its intestinal metabolism and ABC transporter mediated efflux studied in Caco-2 monolayers
    • Brand, W., van der Wel, P.A.I., Williamson, G., et al. (2007) Modulating hesperetin bioavailability at the level of its intestinal metabolism and ABC transporter mediated efflux studied in Caco-2 monolayers. Chemico-Biol Interact 169, 132-133.
    • (2007) Chemico-Biol Interact , vol.169 , pp. 132-133
    • Brand, W.1    van der Wel, P.A.I.2    Williamson, G.3
  • 14
    • 77953620908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, conjugation and excretion of the flavanones, naringenin and hesperetin from alpha-rhamnosidase-treated orange juice in human subjects
    • Bredsdorff, L., Nielsen, I.L., Rasmussen, S.E., et al. (2010a) Absorption, conjugation and excretion of the flavanones, naringenin and hesperetin from alpha-rhamnosidase-treated orange juice in human subjects. Br J Nutr 103, 1602-1609.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 1602-1609
    • Bredsdorff, L.1    Nielsen, I.L.2    Rasmussen, S.E.3
  • 15
    • 77953620908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, conjugation and excretion of the flavanones, naringenin and hesperetin from alpha-rhamnosidase-treated orange juice in human subjects
    • Bredsdorff, L., Nielsen, I.L., Rasmussen, S.E., et al. (2010b) Absorption, conjugation and excretion of the flavanones, naringenin and hesperetin from alpha-rhamnosidase-treated orange juice in human subjects. Br J Nutr 103, 1602-1609.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 1602-1609
    • Bredsdorff, L.1    Nielsen, I.L.2    Rasmussen, S.E.3
  • 16
    • 67649422271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion
    • Brett, G.M., Hollands, W., Needs, P.W., et al. (2008) Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion. Br J Nutr 101, 1-12.
    • (2008) Br J Nutr , vol.101 , pp. 1-12
    • Brett, G.M.1    Hollands, W.2    Needs, P.W.3
  • 17
    • 34948910121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of consuming instant black tea on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in healthy humans
    • Bryans, J.A., Judd, P.A., and Ellis, P.R. (2007) The effect of consuming instant black tea on postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in healthy humans. J Am Coll Nutr 26, 471-477.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.26 , pp. 471-477
    • Bryans, J.A.1    Judd, P.A.2    Ellis, P.R.3
  • 18
    • 0032435412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum antioxidant capacity is increased by consumption of strawberries, spinach, red wine or vitamin C in elderly women
    • Cao, G.H., Russell, R.M., Lischner, N., et al. (1998) Serum antioxidant capacity is increased by consumption of strawberries, spinach, red wine or vitamin C in elderly women. J Nutr 128, 2383-2390.
    • (1998) J Nutr , vol.128 , pp. 2383-2390
    • Cao, G.H.1    Russell, R.M.2    Lischner, N.3
  • 19
    • 56049086634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids: cellular and molecular mechanism of action in glucose homeostasis
    • Cazarolli, L.H., Zanatta, L., Alberton, E.H., et al. (2008) Flavonoids: cellular and molecular mechanism of action in glucose homeostasis. Mini Rev Med Chem 8, 1032-1038.
    • (2008) Mini Rev Med Chem , vol.8 , pp. 1032-1038
    • Cazarolli, L.H.1    Zanatta, L.2    Alberton, E.H.3
  • 20
    • 54549115853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose " peak " and glucose " spike " : impact on endothelial function and oxidative stress
    • Ceriello, A., Esposito, K., Piconi, L., et al. (2008) Glucose " peak " and glucose " spike " : impact on endothelial function and oxidative stress. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 82, 262-267.
    • (2008) Diabetes Res Clin Pract , vol.82 , pp. 262-267
    • Ceriello, A.1    Esposito, K.2    Piconi, L.3
  • 21
    • 30344456999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative regioselectivity of glucuronidation of quercetin by recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A9 and 1A3 using enzymatic kinetic parameters
    • Chen, Y.K., Chen, S.Q., Li, X., et al. (2005) Quantitative regioselectivity of glucuronidation of quercetin by recombinant UDP-glucuronosyltransferases 1A9 and 1A3 using enzymatic kinetic parameters. Xenobiotica 35, 943-954.
    • (2005) Xenobiotica , vol.35 , pp. 943-954
    • Chen, Y.K.1    Chen, S.Q.2    Li, X.3
  • 22
    • 0042334847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and safety of green tea polyphenols after multiple-dose administration of epigallocatechin gallate and polyphenon E in healthy individuals
    • Chow, H.H., Cai, Y., Hakim, I.A., et al. (2003) Pharmacokinetics and safety of green tea polyphenols after multiple-dose administration of epigallocatechin gallate and polyphenon E in healthy individuals. Clin Cancer Res 9, 3312-3319.
    • (2003) Clin Cancer Res , vol.9 , pp. 3312-3319
    • Chow, H.H.1    Cai, Y.2    Hakim, I.A.3
  • 23
    • 41549157443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum C-reactive protein concentrations are inversely associated with dietary flavonoid intake in U.S
    • Chun, O.K., Chung, S.J., Claycombe, K.J., et al. (2008) Serum C-reactive protein concentrations are inversely associated with dietary flavonoid intake in U.S. adults. J Nutr 138, 753-760.
    • (2008) adults. J Nutr , vol.138 , pp. 753-760
    • Chun, O.K.1    Chung, S.J.2    Claycombe, K.J.3
  • 24
  • 25
    • 34547795788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical and clinical evaluation of sulforaphane for chemoprevention in the breast
    • Cornblatt, B.S., Ye, L., Dinkova-Kostova, A.T., et al. (2007) Preclinical and clinical evaluation of sulforaphane for chemoprevention in the breast. Carcinogenesis 28, 1485-1490.
    • (2007) Carcinogenesis , vol.28 , pp. 1485-1490
    • Cornblatt, B.S.1    Ye, L.2    Dinkova-Kostova, A.T.3
  • 26
    • 0034038227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-fat diet induces and red wine counteracts endothelial dysfunction in human volunteers
    • Cuevas, A.M., Guasch, V., Castillo, O., et al. (2000) A high-fat diet induces and red wine counteracts endothelial dysfunction in human volunteers. Lipids 35, 143-148.
    • (2000) Lipids , vol.35 , pp. 143-148
    • Cuevas, A.M.1    Guasch, V.2    Castillo, O.3
  • 27
    • 46049087156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of cancer in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's Health Study
    • Cutler, G.J., Nettleton, J.A., Ross, J.A., et al. (2008) Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of cancer in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Int. J Cancer 123, 664-671.
    • (2008) Int. J Cancer , vol.123 , pp. 664-671
    • Cutler, G.J.1    Nettleton, J.A.2    Ross, J.A.3
  • 28
    • 0034817206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers for exposure to dietary flavonoids: a review of the current evidence for identification of quercetin glycosides in plasma
    • Day, A.J. and Williamson, G. (2001) Biomarkers for exposure to dietary flavonoids: a review of the current evidence for identification of quercetin glycosides in plasma. Br J Nutr 86, S105-S110.
    • (2001) Br J Nutr , vol.86
    • Day, A.J.1    Williamson, G.2
  • 29
    • 0034672514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugation position of quercetin glucuronides and effect on biological activity
    • Day, A.J., Bao, Y., Morgan, M.R.A., et al. (2000a) Conjugation position of quercetin glucuronides and effect on biological activity. Free Radic Biol Med 29, 1234-1243.
    • (2000) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.29 , pp. 1234-1243
    • Day, A.J.1    Bao, Y.2    Morgan, M.R.A.3
  • 30
    • 0034672514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugation position of quercetin glucuronides and effect on biological activity
    • Day, A.J., Bao, Y.P., Morgan, M.R.A., et al. (2000b) Conjugation position of quercetin glucuronides and effect on biological activity. Free Radic Biol Med 29, 1234-1243.
    • (2000) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.29 , pp. 1234-1243
    • Day, A.J.1    Bao, Y.P.2    Morgan, M.R.A.3
  • 31
    • 0343415676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoid and isoflavone glycosides are hydrolysed by the lactase site of lactase phlorizin hydrolase
    • Day, A.J., Canada, F.J., Diaz, J.C., et al. (2000c) Dietary flavonoid and isoflavone glycosides are hydrolysed by the lactase site of lactase phlorizin hydrolase. FEBS Lett 468, 166-170.
    • (2000) FEBS Lett , vol.468 , pp. 166-170
    • Day, A.J.1    Canada, F.J.2    Diaz, J.C.3
  • 32
    • 0035692180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human metabolism of dietary flavonoids: identification of plasma metabolites of quercetin
    • Day, A.J., Mellon, F.A., Barron, D., et al. (2001) Human metabolism of dietary flavonoids: identification of plasma metabolites of quercetin. Free Radic Res 212, 941-952.
    • (2001) Free Radic Res , vol.212 , pp. 941-952
    • Day, A.J.1    Mellon, F.A.2    Barron, D.3
  • 33
    • 33751116839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin, but not its glycosidated conjugate rutin, inhibits azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in F344 rats
    • Dihal, A.A., de Boer, V.C., van der Woude, H., et al. (2006) Quercetin, but not its glycosidated conjugate rutin, inhibits azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in F344 rats. J Nutr 136, 2862-2867.
    • (2006) J Nutr , vol.136 , pp. 2862-2867
    • Dihal, A.A.1    de Boer, V.C.2    van der Woude, H.3
  • 34
    • 33947095990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids and Heart Health: Proceedings of the ILSI North America Flavonoids Workshop
    • May 31-June 1, Washington, DC.
    • Erdman, J.W., Jr, Balentine, D., Arab, L., et al. (2007) Flavonoids and Heart Health: Proceedings of the ILSI North America Flavonoids Workshop, May 31-June 1, 2005, Washington, DC. J Nutr 137, 718S-737S.
    • (2005) J Nutr , vol.137
    • Erdman Jr, J.W.1    Balentine, D.2    Arab, L.3
  • 35
    • 33749044156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidins protect Caco-2 cells from bile acid-and oxidant-induced damage
    • Erlejman, A.G., Fraga, C.G., and Oteiza, P.I. (2006) Procyanidins protect Caco-2 cells from bile acid-and oxidant-induced damage. Free Radic Biol Med 41, 1247-1256.
    • (2006) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.41 , pp. 1247-1256
    • Erlejman, A.G.1    Fraga, C.G.2    Oteiza, P.I.3
  • 36
    • 48049104552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and cell oxidant production are modulated by hexameric procyanidins in Caco-2 cells
    • Erlejman, A.G., Jaggers, G., Fraga, C.G., et al. (2008) TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and cell oxidant production are modulated by hexameric procyanidins in Caco-2 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 476, 186-195.
    • (2008) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.476 , pp. 186-195
    • Erlejman, A.G.1    Jaggers, G.2    Fraga, C.G.3
  • 37
    • 4644359293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrated pomegranate juice improves lipid profiles in diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia
    • Esmaillzadeh, A., Tahbaz, F., Gaieni, I., et al. (2004) Concentrated pomegranate juice improves lipid profiles in diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. J Med Food 7, 305-308.
    • (2004) J Med Food , vol.7 , pp. 305-308
    • Esmaillzadeh, A.1    Tahbaz, F.2    Gaieni, I.3
  • 38
    • 0038671799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strawberry anthocyanins are recovered in urine as glucuro-and sulfoconjugates in humans
    • Felgines, C., Talavera, S., Gonthier, M.P., et al. (2003) Strawberry anthocyanins are recovered in urine as glucuro-and sulfoconjugates in humans. J Nutr 133, 1296-1301.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 1296-1301
    • Felgines, C.1    Talavera, S.2    Gonthier, M.P.3
  • 39
    • 36649004282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strawberry pelargonidin glycosides are excreted in urine as intact glycosides and glucuronidated pelargonidin derivatives in rats
    • Felgines, C., Texier, O., Besson, C., et al. (2007) Strawberry pelargonidin glycosides are excreted in urine as intact glycosides and glucuronidated pelargonidin derivatives in rats. Br J Nutr 98, 1-6.
    • (2007) Br J Nutr , vol.98 , pp. 1-6
    • Felgines, C.1    Texier, O.2    Besson, C.3
  • 40
    • 33847386744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk among women on Long Island
    • Fink, B.N., Steck, S.E., Wolff, M.S., et al. (2007) Dietary flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk among women on Long Island. Am J Epidemiol 165, 514-523.
    • (2007) Am J Epidemiol , vol.165 , pp. 514-523
    • Fink, B.N.1    Steck, S.E.2    Wolff, M.S.3
  • 41
    • 18444365290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players
    • Fraga, C.G., Actis-Goretta, L., Ottaviani, J.I., et al. (2005) Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players. Clin Dev Immunol 12, 11-17.
    • (2005) Clin Dev Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 11-17
    • Fraga, C.G.1    Actis-Goretta, L.2    Ottaviani, J.I.3
  • 42
    • 0141639855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant activity of tea polyphenols in vivo: evidence from animal studies
    • Frei, B. and Higdon, J.V. (2003) Antioxidant activity of tea polyphenols in vivo: evidence from animal studies. J Nutr 133, 3275S-3284S.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133
    • Frei, B.1    Higdon, J.V.2
  • 43
    • 17644431778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin glucosides interact with the intestinal glucose transport pathway
    • Gee, J.M., Dupont, M.S., Rhodes, M.J.C., et al. (1998) Quercetin glucosides interact with the intestinal glucose transport pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 25, 19-25.
    • (1998) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.25 , pp. 19-25
    • Gee, J.M.1    Dupont, M.S.2    Rhodes, M.J.C.3
  • 44
    • 0038746836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of industrial processing on orange juice flavanone solubility and transformation to chalcones under gastrointestinal conditions
    • Gil-Izquierdo, A., Gil, M.I., Tomas-Barberan, F.A., et al. (2003) Influence of industrial processing on orange juice flavanone solubility and transformation to chalcones under gastrointestinal conditions. J Agric Food Chem 51, 3024-3028.
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 3024-3028
    • Gil-Izquierdo, A.1    Gil, M.I.2    Tomas-Barberan, F.A.3
  • 45
    • 22344445695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disposition and metabolism of [2-14C]quercetin-4 ′-glucoside in rats
    • Graf, B.A., Mullen, W., Caldwell, S.T., et al. (2005) Disposition and metabolism of [2-14C]quercetin-4 ′-glucoside in rats. Drug Metab Dispos 33, 1036-1043.
    • (2005) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.33 , pp. 1036-1043
    • Graf, B.A.1    Mullen, W.2    Caldwell, S.T.3
  • 46
    • 77956170800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk: what about cocoa and chocolate?
    • Grassi, D., Desideri, G., and Ferri, C. (2010) Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk: what about cocoa and chocolate? Arch Biochem Biophys 501, 112-115.
    • (2010) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.501 , pp. 112-115
    • Grassi, D.1    Desideri, G.2    Ferri, C.3
  • 47
    • 51049107708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate
    • Grassi, D., Desideri, G., Necozione, S., et al. (2008) Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate. J Nutr 138, 1671-1676.
    • (2008) J Nutr , vol.138 , pp. 1671-1676
    • Grassi, D.1    Desideri, G.2    Necozione, S.3
  • 48
    • 1542286856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of proanthocyanidins in common foods and estimations of normal consumption
    • Gu, L., Kelm, M.A., Hammerstone, J.F., et al. (2004) Concentrations of proanthocyanidins in common foods and estimations of normal consumption. J Nutr 134, 613-617.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134 , pp. 613-617
    • Gu, L.1    Kelm, M.A.2    Hammerstone, J.F.3
  • 49
    • 33845580481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary polyphenols: good, bad, or indifferent for your health?
    • Halliwell, B. (2007) Dietary polyphenols: good, bad, or indifferent for your health? Cardiovasc Res 73, 341-347.
    • (2007) Cardiovasc Res , vol.73 , pp. 341-347
    • Halliwell, B.1
  • 50
    • 0042922805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular effects of cocoa rich in flavan-3-ols
    • Heiss, C., Dejam, A., Kleinbongard, P., et al. (2003) Vascular effects of cocoa rich in flavan-3-ols. JAMA 290, 1030-1031.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 1030-1031
    • Heiss, C.1    Dejam, A.2    Kleinbongard, P.3
  • 51
    • 27744449813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa and the reversal of endothelial dysfunction in smokers
    • Heiss, C., Kleinbongard, P., Dejam, A., et al. (2005) Acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa and the reversal of endothelial dysfunction in smokers. J Am Coll Cardiol 46, 1276-1283.
    • (2005) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.46 , pp. 1276-1283
    • Heiss, C.1    Kleinbongard, P.2    Dejam, A.3
  • 52
    • 16544394714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement
    • Henning, S.M., Niu, Y., Lee, N.H., et al. (2004) Bioavailability and antioxidant activity of tea flavanols after consumption of green tea, black tea, or a green tea extract supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 80, 1558-1564.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 1558-1564
    • Henning, S.M.1    Niu, Y.2    Lee, N.H.3
  • 53
    • 0027504187 scopus 로고
    • Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study
    • Hertog, M.G., Feskens, E.J., Hollman, P.C., et al. (1993) Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet 342, 1007-1011.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , pp. 1007-1011
    • Hertog, M.G.1    Feskens, E.J.2    Hollman, P.C.3
  • 54
    • 0028793218 scopus 로고
    • Absorption of dietary quercetin glycosides and quercetin in healthy ileostomy volunteers
    • Hollman, P.C., de Vries, J.H., van Leeuwen, S.D., et al. (1995) Absorption of dietary quercetin glycosides and quercetin in healthy ileostomy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 62, 1276-1282.
    • (1995) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.62 , pp. 1276-1282
    • Hollman, P.C.1    De Vries, J.H.2    Van Leeuwen, S.D.3
  • 55
    • 0036784053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4 beta-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa
    • Holt, R.R., Lazarus, S.A., Sullards, M.C., et al. (2002) Procyanidin dimer B2 [epicatechin-(4 beta-8)-epicatechin] in human plasma after the consumption of a flavanol-rich cocoa. Am J Clin Nutr 76, 798-804.
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.76 , pp. 798-804
    • Holt, R.R.1    Lazarus, S.A.2    Sullards, M.C.3
  • 56
    • 46649098436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Hooper, L., Kroon, P.A., Rimm, E.B., et al. (2008) Flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods, and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 88, 38-50.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 38-50
    • Hooper, L.1    Kroon, P.A.2    Rimm, E.B.3
  • 57
    • 15544383555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemistry behind antioxidant capacity assays
    • Huang, D., Ou, B., and Prior, R.L. (2005) The chemistry behind antioxidant capacity assays. J Agric Food Chem 53, 1841-1856.
    • (2005) J Agric Food Chem , vol.53 , pp. 1841-1856
    • Huang, D.1    Ou, B.2    Prior, R.L.3
  • 58
    • 13244275108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ingestion of quercetin inhibits platelet aggregation and essential components of the collagen-stimulated platelet activation pathway in humans
    • Hubbard, G.P., Wolffram, S., Lovegrove, J.A., et al. (2004) Ingestion of quercetin inhibits platelet aggregation and essential components of the collagen-stimulated platelet activation pathway in humans. J Thromb Haemost 2, 2138-2145.
    • (2004) J Thromb Haemost , vol.2 , pp. 2138-2145
    • Hubbard, G.P.1    Wolffram, S.2    Lovegrove, J.A.3
  • 59
    • 41049090410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Content and mean polymerization degree of procyanidins in extracts obtained from clear and cloudy apple juices
    • Huemmer, W., Dietrich, H., Will, F., et al. (2008) Content and mean polymerization degree of procyanidins in extracts obtained from clear and cloudy apple juices. Biotechnol J 3, 234-243.
    • (2008) Biotechnol J , vol.3 , pp. 234-243
    • Huemmer, W.1    Dietrich, H.2    Will, F.3
  • 60
    • 13844296392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human fecal water content of phenolics: the extent of colonic exposure to aromatic compounds
    • Jenner, A.M., Rafter, J., and Halliwell, B. (2005) Human fecal water content of phenolics: the extent of colonic exposure to aromatic compounds. Free Radic Biol Med 38, 763-772.
    • (2005) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.38 , pp. 763-772
    • Jenner, A.M.1    Rafter, J.2    Halliwell, B.3
  • 61
    • 0038149076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypocholesterolemic activity of hesperetin derivatives
    • Jeong, T.S., Kim, E.E., Lee, C.H., et al. (2003) Hypocholesterolemic activity of hesperetin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13, 2663-2665.
    • (2003) Bioorg Med Chem Lett , vol.13 , pp. 2663-2665
    • Jeong, T.S.1    Kim, E.E.2    Lee, C.H.3
  • 62
    • 70350482460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition, brain aging, and neurodegeneration
    • Joseph, J., Cole, G., Head, E., et al. (2009) Nutrition, brain aging, and neurodegeneration. J Neurosci 29, 12795-12801.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 12795-12801
    • Joseph, J.1    Cole, G.2    Head, E.3
  • 63
    • 38049025736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols are intensively metabolized in the human gastrointestinal tract after apple juice consumption
    • Kahle, K., Huemmer, W., Kempf, M., et al. (2007) Polyphenols are intensively metabolized in the human gastrointestinal tract after apple juice consumption. J Agric Food Chem 55, 10605-10614.
    • (2007) J Agric Food Chem , vol.55 , pp. 10605-10614
    • Kahle, K.1    Huemmer, W.2    Kempf, M.3
  • 64
    • 33646240144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on apple and blueberry fruit constituents: do the polyphenols reach the colon after ingestion?
    • Kahle, K., Kraus, M., Scheppach, W., et al. (2006) Studies on apple and blueberry fruit constituents: do the polyphenols reach the colon after ingestion? Mol Nutr Food Res 50, 418-423.
    • (2006) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.50 , pp. 418-423
    • Kahle, K.1    Kraus, M.2    Scheppach, W.3
  • 65
    • 65549143724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of grape seed extract in Type 2 diabetic subjects at high cardiovascular risk: a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial examining metabolic markers, vascular tone, inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin sensitivity
    • Kar, P., Laight, D., Rooprai, H.K., et al. (2009) Effects of grape seed extract in Type 2 diabetic subjects at high cardiovascular risk: a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial examining metabolic markers, vascular tone, inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin sensitivity. Diabet Med 26, 526-531.
    • (2009) Diabet Med , vol.26 , pp. 526-531
    • Kar, P.1    Laight, D.2    Rooprai, H.K.3
  • 66
    • 67649968264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products
    • Kay, C.D., Kroon, P.A., and Cassidy, A. (2009) The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 (Suppl 1), S92-101.
    • (2009) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Kay, C.D.1    Kroon, P.A.2    Cassidy, A.3
  • 67
    • 0033986027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grape juice, but not orange juice or grapefruit juice, inhibits human platelet aggregation
    • Keevil, J.G., Osman, H.E., Reed, J.D., et al. (2000) Grape juice, but not orange juice or grapefruit juice, inhibits human platelet aggregation. J Nutr 130, 53-56.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130 , pp. 53-56
    • Keevil, J.G.1    Osman, H.E.2    Reed, J.D.3
  • 68
    • 50949090915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sugar absorption in the intestine: the role of GLUT2
    • Kellett, G.L., Brot-Laroche, E., Mace, O.J., et al. (2008) Sugar absorption in the intestine: the role of GLUT2. Annu Rev Nutr 28, 35-54.
    • (2008) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.28 , pp. 35-54
    • Kellett, G.L.1    Brot-Laroche, E.2    Mace, O.J.3
  • 69
    • 33748291395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the age-related nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway by hesperetin etin
    • Kim, J.Y., Jung, K.J., Choi, J.S., et al. (2006) Modulation of the age-related nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway by hesperetin etin. A ging Cell 5, 401-411.
    • (2006) A ging Cell , vol.5 , pp. 401-411
    • Kim, J.Y.1    Jung, K.J.2    Choi, J.S.3
  • 70
    • 3042696744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro?
    • Kroon, P.A., Clifford, M.N., Crozier, A., et al. (2004) How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? Am J Clin Nutr 80, 15-21.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 15-21
    • Kroon, P.A.1    Clifford, M.N.2    Crozier, A.3
  • 71
    • 69149098186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenol metabolites from colonic microbiota exert anti-inflammatory activity on different inflammation models
    • Larrosa, M., Luceri, C., Vivoli, E., et al. (2009) Polyphenol metabolites from colonic microbiota exert anti-inflammatory activity on different inflammation models. Mol Nutr Food Res 53, 1044-1054.
    • (2009) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.53 , pp. 1044-1054
    • Larrosa, M.1    Luceri, C.2    Vivoli, E.3
  • 72
    • 77956179503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits Met signaling, proliferation, and invasiveness in human colon cancer cells
    • Larsen, C.A. and Dashwood, R.H. (2010) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits Met signaling, proliferation, and invasiveness in human colon cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 501, 52-57.
    • (2010) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.501 , pp. 52-57
    • Larsen, C.A.1    Dashwood, R.H.2
  • 73
    • 0032818390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of proanthocyanidins in foods and beverages
    • Lazarus, S.A., Adamson, G.E., Hammerstone, J.F., et al. (1999) High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of proanthocyanidins in foods and beverages. J Agric Food Chem 47, 3693-3701.
    • (1999) J Agric Food Chem , vol.47 , pp. 3693-3701
    • Lazarus, S.A.1    Adamson, G.E.2    Hammerstone, J.F.3
  • 74
    • 0036801990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of tea catechins after ingestion of green tea and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate by humans: formation of different metabolites and individual variability
    • Lee, M.J., Maliakal, P., Chen, L., et al. (2002) Pharmacokinetics of tea catechins after ingestion of green tea and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate by humans: formation of different metabolites and individual variability. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11, 1025-1032.
    • (2002) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.11 , pp. 1025-1032
    • Lee, M.J.1    Maliakal, P.2    Chen, L.3
  • 75
    • 0032440104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theaflavate B, isotheaflavin-3 ′-O-gallate and neotheaflavin-3-O-gallate: three polyphenolic pigments from black tea
    • Lewis, J.R., Davis, A.L., Cai, Y., et al. (1998) Theaflavate B, isotheaflavin-3 ′-O-gallate and neotheaflavin-3-O-gallate: three polyphenolic pigments from black tea. Phytochemistry 49, 2511-2519.
    • (1998) Phytochemistry , vol.49 , pp. 2511-2519
    • Lewis, J.R.1    Davis, A.L.2    Cai, Y.3
  • 76
    • 45749116594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids for controlling starch digestion: structural requirements for inhibiting human alpha-amylase
    • Lo, P.E., Scheib, H., Frei, N., et al. (2008) Flavonoids for controlling starch digestion: structural requirements for inhibiting human alpha-amylase. J Med Chem 51, 3555-3561.
    • (2008) J Med Chem , vol.51 , pp. 3555-3561
    • Lo, P.E.1    Scheib, H.2    Frei, N.3
  • 77
    • 33847031328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of milk prevents vascular protective effects of tea
    • Lorenz, M., Jochmann, N., von Krosigk, A., et al. (2007) Addition of milk prevents vascular protective effects of tea. Eur Heart J 28, 219-223.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 219-223
    • Lorenz, M.1    Jochmann, N.2    von Krosigk, A.3
  • 78
    • 13844281685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies
    • Manach, C., Williamson, G., Morand, C., et al. (2005) Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 230S-242S.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Manach, C.1    Williamson, G.2    Morand, C.3
  • 79
    • 0033867003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression by flavonoids of cyclooxygenase-2 promoter-dependent transcriptional activity in colon cancer cells: structure-activity relationship
    • Michihiro, M., Mami, T., Kazunori, F., et al. (2000) Suppression by flavonoids of cyclooxygenase-2 promoter-dependent transcriptional activity in colon cancer cells: structure-activity relationship. J Cancer Res 91, 686-691.
    • (2000) J Cancer Res , vol.91 , pp. 686-691
    • Michihiro, M.1    Mami, T.2    Kazunori, F.3
  • 80
    • 34250816264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin inhibits expression of inflammatory cytokines through attenuation of NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK in HMC-1 human mast cell line
    • Min, Y.D., Choi, C.H., Bark, H., et al. (2007) Quercetin inhibits expression of inflammatory cytokines through attenuation of NF-kappaB and p38 MAPK in HMC-1 human mast cell line. Inflamm Res 56, 210-215.
    • (2007) Inflamm Res , vol.56 , pp. 210-215
    • Min, Y.D.1    Choi, C.H.2    Bark, H.3
  • 81
    • 33847789892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women
    • Mink, P.J., Scrafford, C.G., Barraj, L.M., et al. (2007) Flavonoid intake and cardiovascular disease mortality: a prospective study in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 85, 895-909.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 895-909
    • Mink, P.J.1    Scrafford, C.G.2    Barraj, L.M.3
  • 82
    • 8444233189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid metabolites in human plasma and urine after the consumption of red onions: analysis by liquid chromatography with photodiode array and full scan tandem mass spectrometric detection
    • Mullen, W., Boitier, A., Stewart, A.J., et al. (2004) Flavonoid metabolites in human plasma and urine after the consumption of red onions: analysis by liquid chromatography with photodiode array and full scan tandem mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A, 1058, 163-168.
    • (2004) J Chromatogr A , vol.1058 , pp. 163-168
    • Mullen, W.1    Boitier, A.2    Stewart, A.J.3
  • 83
    • 80051831913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolites in humans following the ingestion of strawberries with and without cream
    • Mullen, W., Edwards, C.A., Serafini, M., et al. (2008) Bioavailability of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolites in humans following the ingestion of strawberries with and without cream. J Agric Food Chem 56, 713-719.
    • (2008) J Agric Food Chem , vol.56 , pp. 713-719
    • Mullen, W.1    Edwards, C.A.2    Serafini, M.3
  • 84
    • 0037376885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structures of (-)-epicatechin glucuronide identified from plasma and urine after oral ingestion of (-)-epicatechin: differences between human and rat
    • Natsume, M., Osakabe, N., Oyama, M., et al. (2003) Structures of (-)-epicatechin glucuronide identified from plasma and urine after oral ingestion of (-)-epicatechin: differences between human and rat. Free Radic Biol Med 34, 840-849.
    • (2003) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.34 , pp. 840-849
    • Natsume, M.1    Osakabe, N.2    Oyama, M.3
  • 85
    • 9744242794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary flavonoids and cancer risk: evidence from human population studies
    • Neuhouser, M.L. (2004) Dietary flavonoids and cancer risk: evidence from human population studies. Nutr Cancer 50, 1-7.
    • (2004) Nutr Cancer , vol.50 , pp. 1-7
    • Neuhouser, M.L.1
  • 86
    • 84886985587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased bioavailability of the citrus antioxidant hesperidin: a randomized, double blind, cross-over trial
    • Second International Conference on Polyphenols and Health, Davis, CA, October, 2005.
    • Nielsen, I.L.F., Chee, W., Poulsen, L., et al. (2005) Increased bioavailability of the citrus antioxidant hesperidin: a randomized, double blind, cross-over trial. Second International Conference on Polyphenols and Health, Davis, CA, October, 2005.
    • (2005)
    • Nielsen, I.L.F.1    Chee, W.2    Poulsen, L.3
  • 87
    • 0037300834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of quercetin-7-and quercetin-3-glucuronides by an in vitro hepatic model: the role of human beta-glucuronidase, sulfotransferase, catechol-O-methyltransferase and multi-resistant protein 2 (MRP2) in flavonoid metabolism
    • O'Leary, K.A., Day, A.J., Needs, P.W., et al. (2003) Metabolism of quercetin-7-and quercetin-3-glucuronides by an in vitro hepatic model: the role of human beta-glucuronidase, sulfotransferase, catechol-O-methyltransferase and multi-resistant protein 2 (MRP2) in flavonoid metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 65, 479-491.
    • (2003) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.65 , pp. 479-491
    • O'Leary, K.A.1    Day, A.J.2    Needs, P.W.3
  • 88
    • 3042684645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) transcription
    • O'Leary, K.A., De Pascual-Teresa, S., Needs, P.W., et al. (2004) Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) transcription. Mutat Res 551, 245-254.
    • (2004) Mutat Res , vol.551 , pp. 245-254
    • O'Leary, K.A.1    De Pascual-Teresa, S.2    Needs, P.W.3
  • 89
    • 33751249029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative studies of some phenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, and ferulic acid) affecting hepatic fatty acid synthesis in mice
    • Odbayar, T.O., Badamhand, D., Kimura, T., et al. (2006) Comparative studies of some phenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, and ferulic acid) affecting hepatic fatty acid synthesis in mice. J Agric Food Chem 54, 8261-8265.
    • (2006) J Agric Food Chem , vol.54 , pp. 8261-8265
    • Odbayar, T.O.1    Badamhand, D.2    Kimura, T.3
  • 90
    • 78651067589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory activity of natural dietary flavonoids
    • Pan, M.H., Lai, C.S., and Ho, C.T. (2010) Anti-inflammatory activity of natural dietary flavonoids. Food Funct 1, 15-31.
    • (2010) Food Funct , vol.1 , pp. 15-31
    • Pan, M.H.1    Lai, C.S.2    Ho, C.T.3
  • 91
    • 78049443809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary metabolites as biomarkers of polyphenol intake in humans: a systematic review
    • Perez-Jimenez, J., Hubert, J., Hooper, L., et al. (2010) Urinary metabolites as biomarkers of polyphenol intake in humans: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 92, 801-809.
    • (2010) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.92 , pp. 801-809
    • Perez-Jimenez, J.1    Hubert, J.2    Hooper, L.3
  • 92
    • 0029027838 scopus 로고
    • Electrophile and antioxidant regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens
    • Prestera, T. and Talalay, P. (1995) Electrophile and antioxidant regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 8965-8969.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 8965-8969
    • Prestera, T.1    Talalay, P.2
  • 93
    • 0027394238 scopus 로고
    • Chemical and molecular regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens
    • Prestera, T., Holtzclaw, W.D., Zhang, Y., et al. (1993) Chemical and molecular regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90, 2965-2969.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 2965-2969
    • Prestera, T.1    Holtzclaw, W.D.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 94
    • 7944230459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma antioxidant measurements
    • Prior, R.L. (2004) Plasma antioxidant measurements. J Nutr 134, 3184S-3185S.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134
    • Prior, R.L.1
  • 95
    • 33750532308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of inflammation and redox signaling by dietary polyphenols
    • Rahman, I., Biswas, S.K., and Kirkham, P.A. (2006) Regulation of inflammation and redox signaling by dietary polyphenols. Biochem Pharmacol 72, 1439-1452.
    • (2006) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.72 , pp. 1439-1452
    • Rahman, I.1    Biswas, S.K.2    Kirkham, P.A.3
  • 96
    • 17444369379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin alleviates activities of intestinal and renal disaccharidases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Ramachandra, R., Shetty, A.K., and Salimath, P.V. (2005) Quercetin alleviates activities of intestinal and renal disaccharidases in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 49, 355-360.
    • (2005) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.49 , pp. 355-360
    • Ramachandra, R.1    Shetty, A.K.2    Salimath, P.V.3
  • 97
    • 0033861298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocoa and wine polyphenols modulate platelet activation and function
    • Rein, D., Paglieroni, T.G., Pearson, et al. (2000) Cocoa and wine polyphenols modulate platelet activation and function. J Nutr 130, 2120S-2126S.
    • (2000) J Nutr , vol.130
    • Rein, D.1    Paglieroni, T.G.2    Pearson3
  • 98
    • 0028999867 scopus 로고
    • The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids
    • Rice-Evans, C.A., Miller, N.J., Bolwell, P.G., et al. (1995) The relative antioxidant activities of plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoids. Free Radic Res 22, 375-383.
    • (1995) Free Radic Res , vol.22 , pp. 375-383
    • Rice-Evans, C.A.1    Miller, N.J.2    Bolwell, P.G.3
  • 99
    • 0036829180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocoa proanthocyanidins are stable during gastric transit in humans
    • Rios, L., Bennett, R.N., Lazarus, S.A., et al. (2002) Cocoa proanthocyanidins are stable during gastric transit in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 76, 1106-1110.
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.76 , pp. 1106-1110
    • Rios, L.1    Bennett, R.N.2    Lazarus, S.A.3
  • 100
    • 0030045080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reaction between ABTS radical cation and antioxidants and its use to evaluate the antioxidant status of serum samples
    • Romay, C., Pascual, C., and Lissi, E.A. (1996) The reaction between ABTS radical cation and antioxidants and its use to evaluate the antioxidant status of serum samples. Braz J Med. Biol Res 29, 175-183.
    • (1996) Braz J Med. Biol Res , vol.29 , pp. 175-183
    • Romay, C.1    Pascual, C.2    Lissi, E.A.3
  • 101
    • 67349217083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of inflammatory mediators by polyphenolic plant extracts in human intestinal Caco-2 cells
    • Romier-Crouzet, B., Van De Walle, J., During, A., et al. (2009) Inhibition of inflammatory mediators by polyphenolic plant extracts in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 47, 1221-1230.
    • (2009) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.47 , pp. 1221-1230
    • Romier-Crouzet, B.1    Van De Walle, J.2    During, A.3
  • 102
    • 46049084076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocoa flavanols lower vascular arginase activity in human endothelial cells in vitro and in erythrocytes in vivo
    • Schnorr, O., Brossette, T., Momma, T.Y., et al. (2008) Cocoa flavanols lower vascular arginase activity in human endothelial cells in vitro and in erythrocytes in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys 476, 211-215.
    • (2008) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.476 , pp. 211-215
    • Schnorr, O.1    Brossette, T.2    Momma, T.Y.3
  • 103
    • 35348944842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions affecting the bioavailability of dietary polyphenols in vivo
    • Scholz, S. and Williamson, G. (2007) Interactions affecting the bioavailability of dietary polyphenols in vivo. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 77, 224-235.
    • (2007) Int J Vitam Nutr Res , vol.77 , pp. 224-235
    • Scholz, S.1    Williamson, G.2
  • 104
    • 32244437985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (-)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans
    • Schroeter, H., Heiss, C., Balzer, J., et al. (2006) (-)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 1024-1029.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 1024-1029
    • Schroeter, H.1    Heiss, C.2    Balzer, J.3
  • 105
    • 0037373381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal uptake of quercetin-3-glucoside in rats involves hydrolysis by lactase phlorizin hydrolase
    • Sesink, A.L., Arts, I.C., Faassen-Peters, M., et al. (2003) Intestinal uptake of quercetin-3-glucoside in rats involves hydrolysis by lactase phlorizin hydrolase. J Nutr 133, 773-776.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 773-776
    • Sesink, A.L.1    Arts, I.C.2    Faassen-Peters, M.3
  • 106
    • 0036898114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical importance of the metabolite equol-a clue to the effectiveness of soy and its isoflavones
    • Setchell, K.D., Brown, N.M., and Lydeking-Olsen, E. (2002) The clinical importance of the metabolite equol-a clue to the effectiveness of soy and its isoflavones. J Nutr 132, 3577-3584.
    • (2002) J Nutr , vol.132 , pp. 3577-3584
    • Setchell, K.D.1    Brown, N.M.2    Lydeking-Olsen, E.3
  • 107
    • 34249778388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total antioxidant capacity: appraisal of a concept
    • Sies, H. (2007) Total antioxidant capacity: appraisal of a concept. J Nutr 137, 1493-1495.
    • (2007) J Nutr , vol.137 , pp. 1493-1495
    • Sies, H.1
  • 108
    • 77956170123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols and health: update and perspectives
    • Sies, H. (2010) Polyphenols and health: update and perspectives. Arch Biochem Biophys 501, 2-5.
    • (2010) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.501 , pp. 2-5
    • Sies, H.1
  • 109
    • 18344385579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress
    • Sies, H., Stahl, W., and Sevanian, A. (2005) Nutritional, dietary and postprandial oxidative stress. J Nutr 135, 969-972.
    • (2005) J Nutr , vol.135 , pp. 969-972
    • Sies, H.1    Stahl, W.2    Sevanian, A.3
  • 110
    • 0037013196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoid inhibition of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) and glucose transporter isoform 2 (GLUT2), intestinal transporters for vitamin C and Glucose
    • Song, J., Kwon, O., Chen, S., et al. (2002) Flavonoid inhibition of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) and glucose transporter isoform 2 (GLUT2), intestinal transporters for vitamin C and Glucose. J Biol Chem 277, 15252-15260.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 15252-15260
    • Song, J.1    Kwon, O.2    Chen, S.3
  • 111
    • 25144512957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations of dietary flavonoids with risk of type 2 diabetes, and markers of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in women: a prospective study and cross-sectional analysis
    • Song, Y., Manson, J.E., Buring, J.E., et al. (2005) Associations of dietary flavonoids with risk of type 2 diabetes, and markers of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in women: a prospective study and cross-sectional analysis. J Am Coll Nutr 24, 376-384.
    • (2005) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.24 , pp. 376-384
    • Song, Y.1    Manson, J.E.2    Buring, J.E.3
  • 112
    • 71949107443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavonoids and brain health: multiple effects underpinned by common mechanisms
    • Spencer, J.P. (2009) Flavonoids and brain health: multiple effects underpinned by common mechanisms. Genes Nutr 4, 243-250.
    • (2009) Genes Nutr , vol.4 , pp. 243-250
    • Spencer, J.P.1
  • 113
    • 0041816456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of pro-survival Akt/protein kinase B and ERK1/2 signaling cascades by quercetin and its in vivo metabolites underlie their action on neuronal viability
    • Spencer, J.P.E., Rice-Evans, C., and Williams, R.J. (2003) Modulation of pro-survival Akt/protein kinase B and ERK1/2 signaling cascades by quercetin and its in vivo metabolites underlie their action on neuronal viability. J Biol Chem 278, 34783-34793.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 34783-34793
    • Spencer, J.P.E.1    Rice-Evans, C.2    Williams, R.J.3
  • 114
    • 77649307443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of green tea flavan-3-ols in humans with an ileostomy
    • Stalmach, A., Mullen, W., Steiling, H., et al. (2010) Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of green tea flavan-3-ols in humans with an ileostomy. Mol NutrFood Res 54, 323-334.
    • (2010) Mol NutrFood Res , vol.54 , pp. 323-334
    • Stalmach, A.1    Mullen, W.2    Steiling, H.3
  • 115
    • 67649934106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption, metabolism and excretion of Choladi green tea flavan-3-ols by humans
    • Stalmach, A., Troufflard, S., Serafini, M., et al. (2009) Absorption, metabolism and excretion of Choladi green tea flavan-3-ols by humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 (Suppl 1), S44-53.
    • (2009) Mol Nutr Food Res , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Stalmach, A.1    Troufflard, S.2    Serafini, M.3
  • 116
    • 34250212563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (-)-Epicatechin elevates nitric oxide in endothelial cells via inhibition of NADPH oxidase
    • Steffen, Y., Schewe, T., and Sies, H. (2007) (-)-Epicatechin elevates nitric oxide in endothelial cells via inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 359, 828-833.
    • (2007) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.359 , pp. 828-833
    • Steffen, Y.1    Schewe, T.2    Sies, H.3
  • 117
    • 76149106136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo bioavailability, absorption, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of [14C] procyanidin B2 in male rats
    • Stoupi, S., Williamson, G., Viton, F., et al. (2010) In vivo bioavailability, absorption, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of [14C] procyanidin B2 in male rats. Drug Metab Dispos 38, 287-291.
    • (2010) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.38 , pp. 287-291
    • Stoupi, S.1    Williamson, G.2    Viton, F.3
  • 118
    • 76449115494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery
    • Suri, S., Liu, X.H., Rayment, S., et al. (2010) Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 159, 566-575.
    • (2010) Br J Pharmacol , vol.159 , pp. 566-575
    • Suri, S.1    Liu, X.H.2    Rayment, S.3
  • 119
    • 65349095529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quercetin enhances intestinal barrier function through the assembly of zonula [corrected] occludens-2, occludin, and claudin-1 and the expression of claudin-4 in Caco-2 cells
    • Suzuki, T. and Hara, H. (2009) Quercetin enhances intestinal barrier function through the assembly of zonula [corrected] occludens-2, occludin, and claudin-1 and the expression of claudin-4 in Caco-2 cells. J Nutr 139, 965-974.
    • (2009) J Nutr , vol.139 , pp. 965-974
    • Suzuki, T.1    Hara, H.2
  • 120
    • 34247282872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Action of Nrf2 and Keap1 in ARE-mediated NQO1 expression by quercetin
    • Tanigawa, S., Fujii, M., and Hou, D.X. (2007) Action of Nrf2 and Keap1 in ARE-mediated NQO1 expression by quercetin. Free Radic Biol Med 42, 1690-1703.
    • (2007) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.42 , pp. 1690-1703
    • Tanigawa, S.1    Fujii, M.2    Hou, D.X.3
  • 121
    • 58749089503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grape-seed procyanidins prevent low-grade inflammation by modulating cytokine expression in rats fed a high-fat diet
    • Terra, X., Montagut, G., Bustos, M., et al. (2009) Grape-seed procyanidins prevent low-grade inflammation by modulating cytokine expression in rats fed a high-fat diet. J Nutr Biochem 20, 210-218.
    • (2009) J Nutr Biochem , vol.20 , pp. 210-218
    • Terra, X.1    Montagut, G.2    Bustos, M.3
  • 122
    • 59049095317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential role of green tea catechins in the prevention of the metabolic syndrome-a review
    • Thielecke, F. and Boschmann, M. (2009) The potential role of green tea catechins in the prevention of the metabolic syndrome-a review. Phytochemistry 70, 11-24.
    • (2009) Phytochemistry , vol.70 , pp. 11-24
    • Thielecke, F.1    Boschmann, M.2
  • 123
    • 0030660603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of the anticarcinogenic marker enzyme, quinone reductase, in murine hepatoma cells in vitro by flavonoids
    • Uda, Y., Price, K.R., Williamson, J., et al. (1997) Induction of the anticarcinogenic marker enzyme, quinone reductase, in murine hepatoma cells in vitro by flavonoids. Cancer Lett 120, 213-216.
    • (1997) Cancer Lett , vol.120 , pp. 213-216
    • Uda, Y.1    Price, K.R.2    Williamson, J.3
  • 124
    • 59849121648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein: a biomarker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk?
    • Verhoye, E. and Langlois, M.R. (2009) Circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein: a biomarker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk? Clin Chem Lab Med 47, 128-137.
    • (2009) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.47 , pp. 128-137
    • Verhoye, E.1    Langlois, M.R.2
  • 125
    • 0141863395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tea consumption and cardiovascular disease: effects on endothelial function
    • Vita, J.A. (2003) Tea consumption and cardiovascular disease: effects on endothelial function. J Nutr 133, 3293S-3297S.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133
    • Vita, J.A.1
  • 126
    • 13844298230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenols and cardiovascular disease: effects on endothelial and platelet function
    • Vita, J.A. (2005) Polyphenols and cardiovascular disease: effects on endothelial and platelet function. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 292S-297S.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Vita, J.A.1
  • 127
    • 0031049146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a single high-fat meal on endothelial function in healthy subjects
    • Vogel, R.A., Corretti, M.C., and Plotnick, G.D. (1997) Effect of a single high-fat meal on endothelial function in healthy subjects. Am J Cardiol 79, 350-354.
    • (1997) Am J Cardiol , vol.79 , pp. 350-354
    • Vogel, R.A.1    Corretti, M.C.2    Plotnick, G.D.3
  • 128
    • 61449216050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake of selected flavonols, flavones, and flavonoid-rich foods and risk of cancer in middle-aged and older women
    • Wang, L., Lee, I.M., Zhang, S.M., et al. (2009) Dietary intake of selected flavonols, flavones, and flavonoid-rich foods and risk of cancer in middle-aged and older women. Am J Clin Nutr 89, 905-912.
    • (2009) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.89 , pp. 905-912
    • Wang, L.1    Lee, I.M.2    Zhang, S.M.3
  • 129
    • 51349128983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthocyanins and their role in cancer prevention
    • Wang, L.S. and Stoner, G.D. (2008) Anthocyanins and their role in cancer prevention. Cancer Lett 269, 281-290.
    • (2008) Cancer Lett , vol.269 , pp. 281-290
    • Wang, L.S.1    Stoner, G.D.2
  • 130
    • 0141504305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical implications of endothelial dysfunction
    • Widlansky, M.E., Gokce, N., Keaney, J.F., Jr, et al. (2003a) The clinical implications of endothelial dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 42, 1149-1160.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.42 , pp. 1149-1160
    • Widlansky, M.E.1    Gokce, N.2    Keaney Jr, J.F.3
  • 131
    • 10744233674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-and long-term COX-2 inhibition reverses endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension
    • Widlansky, M.E., Price, D.T., Gokce, N., et al. (2003b) Short-and long-term COX-2 inhibition reverses endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension. Hypertension 42, 310-315.
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , pp. 310-315
    • Widlansky, M.E.1    Price, D.T.2    Gokce, N.3
  • 132
    • 78049432112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic metabolites of berry polyphenols: the missing link to biological activity?
    • S48-S66
    • Williamson, G. and Clifford, M.N. (2010) Colonic metabolites of berry polyphenols: the missing link to biological activity? Br J Nutr 104 (Suppl 3), S48-S66.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.104 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Williamson, G.1    Clifford, M.N.2
  • 133
    • 13844271387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. II. Review of 93 intervention studies
    • Williamson, G. and Manach, C. (2005) Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. II. Review of 93 intervention studies. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 243S-255S.
    • (2005) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.81
    • Williamson, G.1    Manach, C.2
  • 134
    • 19044388959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro biological properties of flavonoid conjugates found in vivo
    • Williamson, G., Barron, D., Shimoi, K., et al. (2005) In vitro biological properties of flavonoid conjugates found in vivo. Free Radic Res 39, 457-469.
    • (2005) Free Radic Res , vol.39 , pp. 457-469
    • Williamson, G.1    Barron, D.2    Shimoi, K.3
  • 135
    • 34548180899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of multiple genetic polymorphisms on effects of a 4-week blueberry juice intervention on ex vivo induced lymphocytic DNA damage in human volunteers
    • Wilms, L.C., Boots, A.W., de Boer, V.C., et al. (2007) Impact of multiple genetic polymorphisms on effects of a 4-week blueberry juice intervention on ex vivo induced lymphocytic DNA damage in human volunteers. Carcinogenesis 28, 1800-1806.
    • (2007) Carcinogenesis , vol.28 , pp. 1800-1806
    • Wilms, L.C.1    Boots, A.W.2    de Boer, V.C.3
  • 136
    • 41349114693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human glycemic response and phenolic content of unsweetened cranberry juice
    • Wilson, T., Singh, A.P., Vorsa, N., et al. (2008) Human glycemic response and phenolic content of unsweetened cranberry juice. J Med Food 11, 46-54.
    • (2008) J Med Food , vol.11 , pp. 46-54
    • Wilson, T.1    Singh, A.P.2    Vorsa, N.3
  • 137
    • 2942554877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of common foods in the United States
    • Wu, X., Beecher, G.R., Holden, J.M., et al. (2004) Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of common foods in the United States. J Agric Food Chem 52, 4026-4037.
    • (2004) J Agric Food Chem , vol.52 , pp. 4026-4037
    • Wu, X.1    Beecher, G.R.2    Holden, J.M.3
  • 138
    • 33745512076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of anthocyanins in common foods in the United States and estimation of normal consumption
    • Wu, X., Beecher, G.R., Holden, J.M., et al. (2006) Concentrations of anthocyanins in common foods in the United States and estimation of normal consumption. J Agric Food Chem 54, 4069-4075.
    • (2006) J Agric Food Chem , vol.54 , pp. 4069-4075
    • Wu, X.1    Beecher, G.R.2    Holden, J.M.3
  • 139
    • 0031903559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood and urine levels of tea catechins after ingestion of different amounts of green tea by human volunteers
    • Yang, C.S., Chen, L.S., Lee, M.J., et al. (1998) Blood and urine levels of tea catechins after ingestion of different amounts of green tea by human volunteers. Cancer Epidem Biomarker Prev 7, 351-354.
    • (1998) Cancer Epidem Biomarker Prev , vol.7 , pp. 351-354
    • Yang, C.S.1    Chen, L.S.2    Lee, M.J.3
  • 140
    • 8444230840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of intestinal absorption and disposition of green tea catechins by Caco-2 monolayer model
    • Zhang, L., Zheng, Y., and Chow, M.S. (2004) Investigation of intestinal absorption and disposition of green tea catechins by Caco-2 monolayer model. Int J Pharm 287, 1-12.
    • (2004) Int J Pharm , vol.287 , pp. 1-12
    • Zhang, L.1    Zheng, Y.2    Chow, M.S.3
  • 141
    • 42949094141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes by pycnogenol supplementation
    • Zibadi, S., Rohdewald, P.J., Park, D., et al. (2008) Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes by pycnogenol supplementation. Nutr Res 28, 315-320.
    • (2008) Nutr Res , vol.28 , pp. 315-320
    • Zibadi, S.1    Rohdewald, P.J.2    Park, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.