Dairy constituents and neurocognitive health in ageing

British Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 106, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 159-174

  Camfield, David A ^a   Owen, Lauren ^a   Scholey, Andrew B ^a   Pipingas, Andrew ^a   Stough, Con ^a  

^a SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Ageing; Bioactive peptides; Cognitive decline; Dairy products; Dementia; Metabolic syndrome

Indexed keywords

ALPHA CASEIN; ALPHA LACTALBUMIN; BETA CASEIN; BETA CASOMORPHINE; CALCIUM; CASEIN HYDROLYSATE; COLOSTRININ; CYANOCOBALAMIN; FATTY ACID; INSULIN; PEPTIDE; PLACEBO; PROBIOTIC AGENT; PROLINE RICH PROTEIN; PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE; SATURATED FATTY ACID; SELENIUM; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; YOGHURT;

AGING; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARTERY CALCIFICATION; BIFIDOBACTERIUM LONGUM INFANTIS; BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING; BRAIN FUNCTION; CHEESE; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CYANOCOBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; DAIRY PRODUCT; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG EFFICACY; FAT INTAKE; HUMAN; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN RELEASE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MEMORY DISORDER; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MILK; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; REVIEW; WEIGHT REDUCTION; WHEY;

EID: 79960125235     PISSN: 00071145     EISSN: 14752662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114511000158     Document Type: Review

References (248)

1. United Nations (2009) World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision, Highlights, Working Paper. no. ESA/P/ WP.210. New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division.
2. Reid LM & MacLullich AMJ (2006) Subjective memory complaints and cognitive impairment in older people. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 22, 471-485. (Pubitemid 44726019)
3. Ferri CP, Prince M, Brayne C, et al. (2005) Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi Consensus Study. Lancet 366, 2112-2117. (Pubitemid 41797645)
4. Mishra S & Palanivelu K (2008) The effect of curcumin (turmeric) on Alzheimer's disease: an overview. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 11, 13-19. (Pubitemid 351550812)
5. Zelinski EM & Burnight KP (1997) Sixteen-year longitudinal and time lag changes in memory and cognition in older adults. Psychol Aging 12, 503-513. (Pubitemid 27410178)
6. Schaie KW (1996) Intellectual Development in Adulthood: The Seattle Longitudinal Study. New York: Cambridge University Press.
7. Craik FIM (1994) Memory changes in normal aging. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 3, 155-158.
8. Park DC, Lautenschlager G, Smith AD, et al. (1996) Mediators of long-term memory performance across the life span. Psychol Aging 11, 621-637. (Pubitemid 27064342)
9. Park DC, Lautenschlager G, Hedden T, et al. (2002) Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychol Aging 17, 299-320. (Pubitemid 34568644)
10. Hultsch DF, MacDonald SWS & Dixon RA (2002) Variability in reaction time performance of younger and older adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 57, M228-M235.
11. Salthouse TA (1996) The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychol Rev 103, 403-428. (Pubitemid 126432206)
12. Rabbitt P & Lowe C (2000) Patterns of cognitive ageing. Psychol Res 63, 308-316.
13. Verhaeghen P & Cerella J (2002) Aging, executive control, and attention: a review of meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 26, 849-857. (Pubitemid 35430288)
14. Bugg JM, Zook NA, DeLosh EL, et al. (2006) Age differences in fluid intelligence: contributions of general slowing and frontal decline. Brain Cogn 62, 9-16. (Pubitemid 44374185)
15. Schretlen D, Pearlson GD, Anthony JC, et al. (2000) Elucidating the contributions of processing speed, executive ablility, and frontal lobe volume to normal age-related differences in fluid intelligence. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 6, 52-61. (Pubitemid 30099192)
16. Hedden T & Gabrieli JDE (2004) Insights into the ageing mind: a view from cognitive neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci 5, 87-96. (Pubitemid 38160284)
17. Kramer AF, Fabiani M & Colcombe SJ (2006) Contributions of cognitive neuroscience to the understanding of behaviour and aging. In Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, pp. 57-83 [JE Birren and KW Schaie, editors]. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Academic Press.
18. West RL (1996) An application of prefrontal cortex function theory to cognitive aging. Psychol Bull 120, 272-292. (Pubitemid 126690074)
19. Fjell AM & Walhovd KB (2010) Structural brain changes in aging: courses, causes and cognitive consequences. Rev Neurosci 21, 187-221.
20. Gracy RW, Talent JM, Kong Y, et al. (1999) Reactive oxygen species: the unavoidable environmental insult? Mutat Res 428, 17-22. (Pubitemid 29389672)
21. Calabrese V, Mancuso C, Calvani M, et al. (2007) Nitric oxide in the central nervous system: neuroprotection versus neurotoxicity. Nat Rev Neurosci 8, 766-775. (Pubitemid 47462116)
22. Haan MN, Miller JW, Aiello AE, et al. (2007) Homocysteine, B vitamins, and the incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment: results from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. Am J Clin Nutr 85, 511-517. (Pubitemid 46220956)
23. Zipp F & Aktas O (2006) The brain as a target of inflammation: common pathways link inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Neurosci 29, 518-527. (Pubitemid 44291819)
24. Hynd MR, Scott HL & Dodd PR (2004) Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 45, 583-595. (Pubitemid 38844879)
25. Rogers JT & Lahiri DK (2004) Metal and inflammatory targets for Alzheimer's disease. Curr Drug Targets 5, 535-551. (Pubitemid 39004428)
26. Kidd PM (2005) Neurodegeneration from mitochondrial insufficiency: nutrients, stem cells, growth factors, and prospects for brain rebuilding using integrative management. Altern Med Rev 10, 268-293. (Pubitemid 41803483)
27. Thibault O, Porter NM, Chen KC, et al. (1998) Calcium dysregulation in neuronal aging and Alzheimer's disease: history and new directions. Cell Calcium 24, 417-433.
28. Craft S & Watson GS (2004) Insulin and neurodegenerative disease: shared and specific mechanisms. Lancet Neurol 3, 169-178. (Pubitemid 38229951)
29. Kidd PM (2008) Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and age-associated memory impairment: current understanding and progress toward integrative prevention. Altern Med Rev 13, 85-115. (Pubitemid 352009500)
30. Selkoe DJ (2001) Alzheimer's disease: genes, proteins, and therapy. Physiol Rev 81, 741-766. (Pubitemid 32267077)
31. Hardy J & Selkoe DJ (2002) The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics. Science 297, 353-356. (Pubitemid 34790756)
32. Wang BS, Wang H, Wei ZH, et al. (2009) Efficacy and safety of natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: an updated meta-analysis. J Neural Transm 116, 457-465.
33. May BH, Lit M, Xue CC, et al. (2009) Herbal medicine for dementia: a systematic review. Phytother Res 23, 447-459.
34. Jones RW (2003) Have cholinergic therapies reached their clinical boundary in Alzheimer's disease? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 18, Suppl. 1, S7-S13. (Pubitemid 37150473)
35. Raina P, Santaguida P, Ismaila A, et al. (2008) Effectiveness of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine for treating dementia: evidence review for a clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med 148, 379-397. (Pubitemid 351665469)
36. Van der Schyf CJ, Gal S, Geldenhuys WJ, et al. (2006) Multifunctional neuroprotective drugs targeting monoamine oxidase inhibition, iron chelation, adenosine receptors, and cholinergic and glutamatergic action for neurodegenerative diseases. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 15, 873-886. (Pubitemid 44177841)
37. Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Colacicco AM, et al. (2004) Mediterranean diet and cognitive decline. Health Nutr 7, 959-963. (Pubitemid 39389283)
38. Solfrizzi V, Panza F & Capurso A (2003) The role of diet in cognitive decline. J Neural Transm 110, 95-110. (Pubitemid 36135557)
39. Smith PJ & Blumenthal JA (2010) Diet and neurocognition: review of evidence and methodological considerations. Curr Aging Sci 3, 57-66.
40. Weaver CM (2010) Role of dairy beverages in the diet. Physiol Behav 100, 63-66.
41. Keller JN (2009) Special issue: reciprocal interactions between diet, metabolism, and the nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta 1792, 393-394.
42. van Meijl LEC & Mensink RP (2010) Low-fat dairy consumption reduces systolic blood pressure, but does not improve other metabolic risk parameters in overweight and obese subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis (Epublication ahead of print version 11 February 2010).
43. Engberink MF, Hendriksen MAH, Schouten EG, et al. (1883) Inverse association between dairy intake and hypertension: The Rotterdam Study. Am J Clin Nutr 89, 1877-1883.
44. Toledo E, Delgado-Rodŕguez M, Estruch R, et al. (2009) Low-fat dairy products and blood pressure: follow-up of 2290 older persons at high cardiovascular risk participating in the PREDIMED study. Br J Nutr 101, 59-67. (Pubitemid 352795582)
45. Engberink MF, Geleijnse JM, De Jong N, et al. (2009) Dairy intake, blood pressure, and incident hypertension in a general Dutch population. J Nutr 139, 582-587.
46. Ü nal G, Akalin AS & Akbulut N (2008) Importance of dairy products in metabolic syndrome - cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and diabetes, and hypertension (Part 2). Agro Food Ind HiTech 19, 32-34. (Pubitemid 351530273)
47. Elwood PC, Givens DI, Beswick AD, et al. (2008) The survival advantage of milk and dairy consumption: an overview of evidence from cohort studies of vascular diseases, diabetes and cancer. J Am Coll Nutr 27, 723S-734S.
48. Elwood PC, Pickering JE, Givens DI, et al. (2010) The consumption of milk and dairy foods and the incidence of vascular disease and diabetes: an overview of the evidence. Lipids 45, 925-939.
49. Van Der Pols JC, Gunnell D, Williams GM, et al. (2009) Childhood dairy and calcium intake and cardiovascular mortality in adulthood: 65-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr cohort. Heart 95, 1600-1606.
50. Esmaillzadeh A & Azadbakht L (2010) Dairy consumption and circulating levels of inflammatory markers among Iranian women. Public Health Nutr 13, 1395-1402.
51. van Meijl LEC & Mensink RP (2010) Effects of low-fat dairy consumption on markers of low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial function in overweight and obese subjects: an intervention study. Br J Nutr 104, 1523-1527.
52. Huncharek M, Muscat J & Kupelnick B (2009) Colorectal cancer risk and dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, and dairy products: a meta-analysis of 26 335 cases from 60 observational studies. Nutr Cancer 61, 47-69.
53. Pufulete M (2008) Intake of dairy products and risk of colorectal neoplasia. Nutr Res Rev 21, 56-67.
54. Yamada M, Kasagi F, Sasaki H, et al. (2003) Association between dementia and midlife risk factors: the radiation effects research foundation Adult Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 51, 410-414. (Pubitemid 36348905)
55. Huncharek M, Muscat J & Kupelnick B (2008) Dairy products, dietary calcium and vitamin D intake as risk factors for prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 26 769 cases from 45 observational studies. Nutr Cancer 60, 421-441. (Pubitemid 351918540)
56. Zock PL (2006) Health problems associated with saturated and trans fatty acids intake. In Improving the Fat Content of Foods, pp. 3-24 [C Williams and J Buttriss, editors]. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
57. Henderson L, Gregory J, Irving K, et al. (2003) National diet and nutrition survey: adults aged 19 to 64 years. vol 2: Energy, Protein, Carbohydrate, Fat and Alcohol Intake. London: The Stationery Office.
58. Hulshof KFAM, Van Erp-Baart MA, Anttolainen M, et al. (1999) Intake of fatty acids in Western Europe with emphasis on trans fatty acids: The TRANSFAIR study. Eur J Clin Nutr 53, 143-157. (Pubitemid 29082534)
59. Berner LA (1993) Roundtable discussion on milkfat, dairy foods, and coronary heart disease risk. J Nutr 123, 1175-1184. (Pubitemid 23175956)
60. Aro A, Antoine JM, Pizzoferrato L, et al. (1998) Trans fatty acids in dairy and meat products from 14 European countries: the TRANSFAIR study. J Food Compost Anal 11, 150-160. (Pubitemid 128347331)
61. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. (1999) Dietary saturated fats and their food sources in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease in women. Am J Clin Nutr 70, 1001-1008.
62. Givens DI (2008) Session 4: challenges facing the food industry in innovating for health impact on CVD risk of modifying milk fat to decrease intake of SFA and increase intake of cis-MUFA. Proc Nutr Soc 67, 419-427.
63. Givens DI (2010) Milk and meat in our diet: good or bad for health? Animal 4, 1941-1952.
64. Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester ADM, et al. (2003) Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 1146-1155. (Pubitemid 44858429)
65. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. (1997) Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 337, 1491-1499. (Pubitemid 27495774)
66. Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. (1993) Intake of trans fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease among women. Lancet 341, 581-585. (Pubitemid 23066144)
67. Chardigny JM, Destaillats F, Malpuech-Brugère C, et al. (2008) Do trans fatty acids from industrially produced sources and from natural sources have the same effect on cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy subjects? Results of the trans Fatty Acids Collaboration (TRANSFACT) study. Am J Clin Nutr 87, 558-566. (Pubitemid 351364535)
68. Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, et al. (2004) Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Conference on Scientific Issues Related to Definition. Circulation 109, 433-438. (Pubitemid 38133916)
69. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR Jr, Van Horn L, et al. (2002) Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: The CARDIA Study. J Am Med Assoc 287, 2081-2089. (Pubitemid 34437343)
70. McKeown NM, Meigs JB, Liu S, et al. (2004) Carbohydrate nutrition, insulin resistance, and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Framingham offspring cohort. Diabetes Care 27, 538-546. (Pubitemid 38174084)
71. Nelson GJ, Schmidt PC & Kelley DS (1995) Low-fat diets do not lower plasma cholesterol levels in healthy men compared to high-fat diets with similar fatty acid composition at constant caloric intake. Lipids 30, 969-976.
72. Pfeuffer M & Schrezenmeir J (2007) Milk and the metabolic syndrome. Obes Rev 8, 109-118. (Pubitemid 46239439)
73. Van Meijl LEC, Vrolix R & Mensink RP (2008) Dairy product consumption and the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res Rev 21, 148-157.
74. Nilsson M, Stenberg M, Frid AH, et al. (2004) Glycemia and insulinemia in healthy subjects after lactose-equivalent meals of milk and other food proteins: the role of plasma amino acids and incretins. Am J Clin Nutr 80, 1246-1253. (Pubitemid 41350685)
75. Nakamura Y, Yamamoto N, Sakai K, et al. (1995) Antihypertensive effect of sour milk and peptides isolated from it that are inhibitors to angiotensin I-converting enzyme. J Dairy Sci 78, 1253-1257.
76. McCarron DA & Reusser ME (2002) Hypertensive cardiovascular disease: risk reduction by dietary calcium and dairy foods. Sci Aliments 22, 415-421.
77. Nagaoka S, Futamura Y, Miwa K, et al. (2001) Identification of novel hypocholesterolemic peptides derived from bovine milkb-lactoglobulin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 281, 11-17. (Pubitemid 32924392)
78. Denke MA, Fox MM & Schulte MC (1993) Short-term dietary calcium fortification increases fecal saturated fat content and reduces serum lipids in men. J Nutr 123, 1047-1053. (Pubitemid 23175940)
79. Yaffe K (2007) Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline. Curr Alzheimer Res 4, 123-126. (Pubitemid 46557499)
80. Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K, et al. (2004) The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. J Am Med Assoc 292, 2237-2242. (Pubitemid 39473161)
81. Launer LJ, Masaki K, Petrovitch H, et al. (1851) The association between midlife blood pressure levels and late-life cognitive function: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. J Am Med Assoc 274, 1846-1851.
82. Qiu C, Winblad B & Fratiglioni L (2005) The age-dependent relation of blood pressure to cognitive function and dementia. Lancet Neurol 4, 487-499. (Pubitemid 40982459)
83. Gregg EW, Yaffe K, Cauley JA, et al. (2000) Is diabetes associated with cognitive impairment and cognitive decline among older women? Arch Intern Med 160, 174-180. (Pubitemid 30054336)
84. Yaffe K, Blackwell T, Kanaya AM, et al. (2004) Diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and development of cognitive impairment in older women. Neurology 63, 658-663. (Pubitemid 39100821)
85. Moroney JT, Tang MX, Berglund L, et al. (1999) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of dementia with stroke. J Am Med Assoc 282, 254-260. (Pubitemid 29343168)
86. Yaffe K, Barrett-Connor E, Lin F, et al. (2002) Serum lipoprotein levels, statin use, and cognitive function in older women. Arch Neurol 59, 378-384. (Pubitemid 34208144)
87. Whitmer RA, Sidney S, Selby J, et al. (2005) Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life. Neurology 64, 277-281.
88. Launer LJ (2002) Demonstrating the case that AD is a vascular disease: epidemiologic evidence. Ageing Res Rev 1, 61-77. (Pubitemid 38340352)
89. Yaffe K, Lindquist K, Penninx EM, et al. (2003) Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders. Neurology 61, 76-80. (Pubitemid 36818750)
90. Fewlass DC, Noboa K, Pi-Sunyer FX, et al. (1878) Obesityrelated leptin regulates Alzheimer's Ab. FASEB J 18, 1870-1878.
91. Benoit SC, Clegg DJ, Seeley RJ, et al. (2004) Insulin and leptin as adiposity signals. Recent Prog Horm Res 59, 267-285. (Pubitemid 41327155)
92. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, et al. (2004) Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 63, 1187-1192. (Pubitemid 39350015)
93. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Stern Y, et al. (2001) Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with stroke in a multiethnic cohort. Am J Epidemiol 154, 635-641. (Pubitemid 32888781)
94. Yaffe K, Blackwell T, Whitmer RA, et al. (2006) Glycosylated hemoglobin level and development of mild cognitive impairment or dementia in older women. J Nutr Health Aging 10, 292-295. (Pubitemid 44351825)
95. American Diabetes Association (2001) Postprandial blood glucose (consensus statement). Diabetes Care 24, 775-778.
96. Polonsky KS, Given BD, Hirsch LJ, et al. (1988) Abnormal patterns of insulin secretion in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 318, 1231-1239.
97. Pfeifer MA, Halter JB & Porte D Jr (1981) Insulin secretion in diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 70, 579-588. (Pubitemid 11153856)
98. Del Prato S, Leonetti F, Simonson DC, et al. (1994) Effect of sustained physiologic hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in man. Diabetologia 37, 1025-1035. (Pubitemid 24300460)
99. Craft S, Murphy C & Wemstrom J (1994) Glucose effects on complex memory and nonmemory tasks: the influence of age, sex, and glucoregulatory response. Psychobiology (Austin, TX) 22, 95-105. (Pubitemid 24196934)
100. Owens D & Benton D (1994) The impact of raising blood glucose on reaction times. Neuropsychobiology 30, 106-113. (Pubitemid 24284810)
101. Donohoe R & Benton D (1999) Cognitive functioning is susceptible to the level of blood glucose. Psychopharmacology 145, 378-385. (Pubitemid 29424532)
102. Benton D, Owens D & Parker P (1994) Blood glucose influences memory and attention in young adults. Neuropsychologia 32, 595.
103. Parker P & Benton D (1995) Blood glucose levels selectively influence memory for word lists dichotically presented to the right ear. Neuropsychologia 33, 843-854.
104. Clandinin M, Cheema S, Field C, et al. (1993) Dietary lipids influence insulin action. Ann N Y Acad Sci 683, 151-163, (1 Dietary lipids and insulin action: Proceedings of the Second International Smolenice Insulin Symposium). (Pubitemid 23236662)
105. Pan J & Berdanier C (1991) Dietary fat saturation affects glucose metabolism without affecting insulin receptor number and affinity in adipocytes from BHE rats. J Nutr 121, 1811.
106. Storlien L, Higgins J, Thomas T, et al. (2007) Diet composition and insulin action in animal models. Br J Nutr 83, Suppl. 1, S85-S90.
107. Greenwood C & Winocur G (1996) Cognitive impairment in rats fed high-fat diets: a specific effect of saturated fatty-acid intake. Behav Neurosci 110, 451-458.
108. Greenwood C & Winocur G (1990) Learning and memory impairment in rats fed a high saturated fat diet. Behav Neural Biol 53, 74-87. (Pubitemid 20111364)
109. Greenwood C & Winocur G (2001) Glucose treatment reduces memory deficits in young adult rats fed high-fat diets. Neurobiol Learn Mem 75, 179-189. (Pubitemid 34127518)
110. Messier C, Tsiakas M, Gagnon M, et al. (2003) Effect of age and glucoregulation on cognitive performance. Neurobiol Aging 24, 985-1003. (Pubitemid 36962985)
111. Awad N, Gagnon M, Desrochers A, et al. (2002) Impact of peripheral glucoregulation on memory. Behav Neurosci 116, 691-702. (Pubitemid 34793390)
112. Messier C, Desrochers A & Gagnon M (1999) Effect of glucose, glucose regulation, and word imagery value on human memory. Behav Neurosci 113, 431-438. (Pubitemid 29340056)
113. Donohoe R & Benton D (2000) Glucose tolerance predicts performance on tests of memory and cognition Physiol Behav 71, 395-401. (Pubitemid 32058845)
114. Craft S, Asthana S, Schellenberg G, et al. (2000) Insulin effects on glucose metabolism, memory, and plasma amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease differ according to apolipoprotein-E genotype. Ann N Y Acad Sci 903, 222-228. (Pubitemid 30251561)
115. Kaplan R, Greenwood C, Winocur G, et al. (2000) Cognitive performance is associated with glucose regulation in healthy elderly persons and can be enhanced with glucose and dietary carbohydrates. Am J Clin Nutr 72, 825-836. (Pubitemid 30667106)
116. Manning C, Hall J & Gold P (1990) Glucose effects on memory and other neuropsychological tests in elderly humans. Psychol Sci 1, 307-311.
117. Messier C, Gagnon M & Knott V (1997) Effect of glucose and peripheral glucose regulation on memory in the elderly Neurobiol Aging 18, 297-304. (Pubitemid 27360066)
118. Parsons M & Gold P (1992) Glucose enhancement of memory in elderly humans: an inverted-U dose-response curve. Neurobiol Aging 13, 401-404.
119. Vanhanen M, Koivisto K, Kuusisto J, et al. (1998) Cognitive function in an elderly population with persistent impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 21, 398-402. (Pubitemid 28101075)
120. Lamport DJ, Lawton CL, Mansfield MW, et al. (2009) Impairments in glucose tolerance can have a negative impact on cognitive function: a systematic research review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 33, 394-413.
121. Leibson CL, Rocca WA, Hanson VA, et al. (1997) Risk of dementia among persons with diabetes mellitus: a population- based cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 145, 301-308. (Pubitemid 27082028)
122. Ott A, Stolk RP, Hofman A, et al. (1996) Association of diabetes mellitus and dementia: The Rotterdam Study. Diabetologia 39, 1392-1397. (Pubitemid 26356072)
123. Ott A, Stolk RP, Van Harskamp F, et al. (1999) Diabetes mellitus and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam Study. Neurology 53, 1937-1942.
124. Korhonen H & Pihlanto A (2007) Technological options for the production of health-promoting proteins and peptides derived from milk and colostrum. Curr Pharm Des 13, 829-843. (Pubitemid 46591100)
125. Skov A, Toubro S, Rønn B, et al. (1999) Randomized trial on protein vs carbohydrate in ad libitum fat reduced diet for the treatment of obesity. Int J Obes 23, 528-536. (Pubitemid 29237736)
126. Crovetti R, Porrini M, Santangelo A, et al. (1998) The influence of thermic effect of food on satiety. Eur J Clin Nutr 52, 482-488. (Pubitemid 28330392)
127. Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Nieuwenhuizen A, Tomé D, et al. (2009) Dietary protein, weight loss, and weight maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr 29, 21-41.
128. Zemel MB (2009) Proposed role of calcium and dairy food components in weight management and metabolic health. Phys Sportsmed 37, 29-39.
129. Belobrajdic D, McIntosh G & Owens J (2003) Whey proteins protect more than red meat against azoxymethane induced ACF in Wistar rats. Cancer Lett 198, 43-51. (Pubitemid 37289102)
130. Badger T, Ronis M & Hakkak R (2001) Developmental effects and health aspects of soy protein isolate, casein, and whey in male and female rats. Int J Toxicol 20, 165-174. (Pubitemid 32646167)
131. Hays NP, Kim H, Wells AM, et al. (2009) Effects of whey and fortified collagen hydrolysate protein supplements on nitrogen balance and body composition in older women. J Am Diet Assoc 109, 1082-1087.
132. O'Rourke RW (2009) Molecular mechanisms of obesity and diabetes: at the intersection of weight regulation, inflammation, and glucose homeostasis. World J Surg 33, 2007-2013.
133. Belobrajdic D, McIntosh G & Owens J (2004) A high-wheyprotein diet reduces body weight gain and alters insulin sensitivity relative to red meat in Wistar rats. J Nutr 134, 1454-1458. (Pubitemid 38720721)
134. Craft S, Newcomer J, Kanne S, et al. (1996) Memory improvement following induced hyperinsulinemia in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 17, 123-130. (Pubitemid 26019103)
135. Gasparini L, Gouras GK, Wang R, et al. (2001) Stimulation of b-amyloid precursor protein trafficking by insulin reduces intraneuronal b-amyloid and requires mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling. J Neurosci 21, 2561-2570. (Pubitemid 32298198)
136. Kurochkin IV & Goto S (1994) Alzheimer's b-amyloid peptide specifically interacts with and is degraded by insulin degrading enzyme. FEBS Lett 345, 33-37.
137. Qiu WQ, Walsh DM, Ye Z, et al. (1998) Insulin-degrading enzyme regulates extracellular levels of amyloid b-protein by degradation. J Biol Chem 273, 32730-32738. (Pubitemid 28557658)
138. Schwartz MW, Figlewicz DF, Kahn SE, et al. (1990) Insulin binding to brain capillaries is reduced in genetically obese, hyperinsulinemic Zucker rats. Peptides 11, 467-472. (Pubitemid 20186617)
139. Gerozissis K, Orosco M, Rouch C, et al. (1993) Basal and hyperinsulinemia-induced immunoreactive hypothalamic insulin changes in lean and genetically obese Zucker rats revealed by microdialysis. Brain Res 611, 258-263. (Pubitemid 23159693)
140. Hoyer S (2002) The aging brain. Changes in the neuronal insulin/insulin receptor signal transduction cascade trigger late-onset sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD). A minireview. J Neural Transm 109, 991-1002. (Pubitemid 34762337)
141. Hong M & Lee VMY (1954) Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 regulate tau phosphorylation in cultured human neurons. J Biol Chem 272, 19547-19553.
142. Sabayan B, Foroughinia F, Mowla A, et al. (2008) Role of insulin metabolism disturbances in the development of Alzheimer disease: mini review. Am J Alzheimer's Dis Other Demen 23, 192-199. (Pubitemid 351550911)
143. Fishel MA, Watson GS, Montine TJ, et al. (2005) Hyperinsulinemia provokes synchronous increases in central inflammation and b-amyloid in normal adults. Arch Neurol 62, 1539-1544. (Pubitemid 41434558)
144. Facchini FS, Hua NW, Reaven GM, et al. (2000) Hyperinsulinemia: the missing link among oxidative stress and agerelated diseases? Free Radic Biol Med 29, 1302-1306.
145. Östman EM, Liljeberg Elmstähl HGM & Björck IME (2001) Inconsistency between glycemic and insulinemic responses to regular and fermented milk products. Am J Clin Nutr 74, 96-100.
146. Frid AH, Nilsson M, Holst JJ, et al. (2005) Effect of whey on blood glucose and insulin responses to composite breakfast and lunch meals in type 2 diabetic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 82, 69-75. (Pubitemid 41716379)
147. Boirie Y, Dangin M, Gachon P, et al. (1997) Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 14930-14935. (Pubitemid 28041477)
148. Floyd JC Jr, Fajans SS, Conn JW, et al. (1966) Stimulation of insulin secretion by amino acids. J Clin Invest 45, 1487-1502.
149. Nilsson M, Holst JJ & Björck IME (2007) Metabolic effects of amino acid mixtures and whey protein in healthy subjects: studies using glucose-equivalent drinks. Am J Clin Nutr 85, 996-1004. (Pubitemid 46557914)
150. Fonseca V (2003) Clinical significance of targeting postprandial and fasting hyperglycemia in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Med Res Opin 19, 635-641. (Pubitemid 37288071)
151. Goff D (2009) Dairy chemistry and physics. Dairy Sci Technol. http://www.foodsci.uoguelph.ca/dairyedu/chem. html (cited 8 September 2009).
152. Kitts DD & Weiler K (2003) Bioactive proteins and peptides from food sources. Applications of bioprocess used in isolation and recovery. Curr Pharm Des 9, 1309-1323. (Pubitemid 36592139)
153. Nakamura H, Iwamoto M, Ogata T, et al. (2008) Effects of milk casein-derived peptides on absolute oxyhaemoglobin concentrations in the prefrontal area and on work efficiency after mental stress loading in male students. J Int Med Res 36, 638-647.
154. Korhonen H & Pihlanto A (2006) Bioactive peptides: production and functionality. Int Dairy J 16, 945-960. (Pubitemid 44255683)
155. Korhonen H (2009) Milk-derived bioactive peptides: from science to applications. J Funct Foods 1, 177-187.
156. Donkor ON, Henriksson A, Vasiljevic T, et al. (2007) Proteolytic activity of dairy lactic acid bacteria and probiotics as determinant of growth and in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity in fermented milk. Lait 87, 21-38. (Pubitemid 46615418)
157. Murray BA & FitzGerald RJ (2007) Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from food proteins: biochemistry, bioactivity and production. Curr Pharm Des 13, 773-791. (Pubitemid 46591099)
158. Clare DA & Swaisgood HE (2000) Bioactive milk peptides: a prospectus. J Dairy Sci 83, 1187-1195.
159. Meisel H, Goepfert A & Günther S (1997) ACE-inhibitory activities in milk products. Milchwissenschaft 52, 307-311.
160. Smacchi E & Gobbetti M (1998) Peptides from several Italian cheeses inhibitory to proteolytic enzymes of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 948 and to the angiotensin I-converting enzyme. Enzyme Microb Technol 22, 687-694. (Pubitemid 28312624)
161. Saito T, Nakamura T, Kitazawa H, et al. (2000) Isolation and structural analysis of antihypertensive peptides that exist naturally in Gouda cheese. J Dairy Sci 83, 1434-1440.
162. Teschemacher H, Koch G & Brantl V (1997) Milk proteinderived opioid receptor ligands. Biopolymers 43, 99-117. (Pubitemid 27291389)
163. Daniel H, Vohwinkel M & Rehner G (1990) Effect of casein and b-casomorphins on gastrointestinal motility in rats. J Nutr 120, 252-257. (Pubitemid 20130741)
164. Sturner RA & Chang KJ (1988) Opioid peptide content in infant formulas. Pediatr Res 23, 4-10.
165. Haque E, Chand R & Kapila S (2009) Biofunctional properties of bioactive peptides of milk origin. Food Rev Int 25, 28-43.
166. Tidona F, Criscione A, Guastella AM, et al. (2009) Peptidi bioattivi nei prodotti lattiero-caseari (Bioactive peptides in dairy products). Ital J Anim Sci 8, 315-340.
167. Pihlanto A (2006) Antioxidative peptides derived from milk proteins. Int Dairy J 16, 1306-1314. (Pubitemid 44331582)
168. Zommara MA, Toubo H & Imaizumi K (2002) Supplementing bovine milk immunoglobulin G prevents rats fed on a vitamin E-deficient diet from developing peroxidation stress. Ann Nutr Metab 46, 97-102. (Pubitemid 34920692)
169. Kullisaar T, Songisepp E, Mikelsaar M, et al. (2003) Antioxidative probiotic fermented goats' milk decreases oxidative stress-mediated atherogenicity in human subjects. Br J Nutr 90, 449-456. (Pubitemid 36992548)
170. Zemel MB, Sun X, Sobhani T, et al. (2010) Effects of dairy compared with soy on oxidative and inflammatory stress in overweight and obese subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 91, 16-22.
171. Sekiya S, Kobayashi Y, Kita E, et al. (1992) Antihypertensive effects of tryptic hydrolysate of casein on normotensive and hypertensive volunteers. J Jpn Soc Nutr Food Sci 45, 513-517.
172. Hata Y, Yamamoto M, Ohni M, et al. (1996) A placebo-controlled study of the effect of sour milk on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 64, 767-771. (Pubitemid 26398281)
173. Seppo L, Jauhiainen T, Poussa T, et al. (2003) A fermented milk high in bioactive peptides has a blood pressure-lowering effect in hypertensive subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 326-330. (Pubitemid 36133373)
174. Seppo L, Kerojoki O, Suomalainen T, et al. (2002) The effect of a Lactobacillus helveticus LBK-16 H fermented milk on hypertension - a pilot study on humans. Milchwissenschaft 57, 124-127. (Pubitemid 34881652)
175. Mizushima S, Ohshige K, Watanabe J, et al. (2004) Randomized controlled trial of sour milk on blood pressure in borderline hypertensive men. Am J Hypertens 17, 701-706. (Pubitemid 39091551)
176. Hatakeyama E, Yamaguchi M, Muramoto K, et al. (2003) Modulating effects of soy protein isolate and soy protein hydrolysate on human brain function. Soy Protein Res Jpn 6, 147-152.
177. Williamson MP (1994) The structure and function of proline- rich regions in proteins. Biochem J 297, 249-260. (Pubitemid 24026414)
178. Boldogh I & Kruzel ML (2008) Colostrinin(TM): an oxidative stress modulator for prevention and treatment of age-related disorders. J Alzheimer's Dis 13, 303-321. (Pubitemid 352039033)
179. Kruzel ML, Polanowski A, Wilusz T, et al. (2004) The alcohol- induced conformational changes in casein micelles: a new challenge for the purification of Colostrinin. Protein J 23, 127-133. (Pubitemid 41399335)
180. Janusz M, Inglot AD, Lisowski J, et al. (1996) Colostrinin identified as new cytokine. Eur Cytokine Netw 7, 512.
181. Gladkevich A, Bosker F, Korf J, et al. (2007) Proline-rich polypeptides in Alzheimer's disease and neurodegenerative disorders - therapeutic potential or a mirage? Prog Neuropsychopharmacology Biol Psychiatry 31, 1347-1355. (Pubitemid 47302549)
182. Janusz M, Staroscik K, Zimecki M, et al. (1981) Chemical and physical characterization of a proline-rich polypeptide from sheep colostrum. Biochem J 199, 9-15.
183. Zabłocka A, Janusz M, Macała J, et al. (2005) A proline-rich polypeptide complex and its nonapeptide fragment inhibit nitric oxide production induced in mice. Regul Peptides 125, 35-39. (Pubitemid 39593705)
184. Popik P, Bobula B, Janusz M, et al. (1999) Colostrinin, a polypeptide isolated from early milk, facilitates learning and memory in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 64, 183-189. (Pubitemid 29415813)
185. Leszek J, Inglot AD, Janusz M, et al. (1999) Colostrininw: a proline-rich polypeptide (PRP) complex isolated from ovine colostrum for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 47, 377-385. (Pubitemid 30056196)
186. Bilikiewicz A & Gaus W (2004) Colostrinin (a naturally occuring, proline-rich, polypeptide mixture) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimer's Dis 6, 17-26. (Pubitemid 38418554)
187. Swaisgood H (1995) Nitrogenous components of milk. In Handbook of Milk Composition, p. 465 [RG Jensen, editor]. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
188. Montagne P, Cuilliere ML, Mole C, et al. (1999) Immunological and nutritional composition of human milk in relation to prematurity and mothers' parity during the first 2 weeks of lactation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 29, 75-80. (Pubitemid 30345832)
189. Chatterton DEW, Smithers G, Roupas P, et al. (2006) Bioactivity of beta-lactoglobulin and alpha-lactalbumin - technological implications for processing. Int Dairy J 16, 1229-1240. (Pubitemid 44348873)
190. Heine W, Radke M, Wutzke K, et al. (1996) Lactalbuminenriched low-protein infant formulas: a comparison to breast milk feeding. Acta Paediatrica 85, 1024-1028. (Pubitemid 26302758)
191. Lehnert H & Wurtman RJ (1993) Amino acid control of neurotransmitter synthesis and release: physiological and clinical implications. Psychother Psychosom 60, 18-32. (Pubitemid 23295474)
192. Markus C, Olivier B, Panhuysen G, et al. (2000) The bovine protein alpha-lactalbumin increases the plasma ratio of tryptophan to the other large neutral amino acids, and in vulnerable subjects raises brain serotonin activity, reduces cortisol concentration, and improves mood under stress. Am J Clin Nutr 71, 1536-1544. (Pubitemid 30395902)
193. Markus C, Jonkman L, Lammers J, et al. (2005) Evening intake of alpha-lactalbumin increases plasma tryptophan availability and improves morning alertness and brain measures of attention. Am J Clin Nutr 81, 1026-1033. (Pubitemid 41724943)
194. Orosco M, Rouch C, Beslot F, et al. (2004) Alphalactalbumin- enriched diets enhance serotonin release and induce anxiolytic and rewarding effects in the rat. Behav Brain Res 148, 1-10. (Pubitemid 37543650)
195. Jacobs BL, Van Praag H & Gage FH (2000) Adult brain neurogenesis and psychiatry: a novel theory of depression. Mol Psychiatr 5, 262-269. (Pubitemid 30438401)
196. Jouvet M (1999) Sleep and serotonin: an unfinished story. Neuropsychopharmacology (New York, NY) 21, 24-27.
197. Minet-Ringuet J, Le Ruyet P, Tome D, et al. (2004) A tryptophan- rich protein diet efficiently restores sleep after food deprivation in the rat. Behav Brain Res 152, 335-340. (Pubitemid 38757904)
198. Markus C, Olivier B, Panhuysen G, et al. (2000) The bovine protein alpha-lactalbumin increases the plasma Trp/LNAA ratio, and in vulnerable subjects raises brain serotonin activity and decreases cortisol and mood under stress. Am J Clin Nutr 71, 1536-1544. (Pubitemid 30395902)
199. Markus CR, Olivier B & De Haan EHF (2002) Whey protein rich in alpha-lactalbumin increases the ratio of plasma tryptophan to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids and improves cognitive performance in stressvulnerable subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 75, 1051-1056. (Pubitemid 34547535)
200. Schmitt J, Jorissen B, Dye L, et al. (2005) Memory function in women with premenstrual complaints and the effect of serotonergic stimulation by acute administration of an alpha-lactalbumin protein. J Psychopharmacol 19, 375-384. (Pubitemid 41003133)
201. Vaswani M, Linda F & Ramesh S (2003) Role of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in psychiatric disorders: a comprehensive review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 27, 85-102. (Pubitemid 36131110)
202. Booij L, Van der Does A & Riedel W (2003) Monoamine depletion in psychiatric and healthy populations: review. Mol Psychiatry 8, 951-973. (Pubitemid 37523908)
203. Merens W, Booij L, Markus R, et al. (2007) The effects of a diet enriched with alpha-lactalbumin on mood and cortisol response in unmedicated recovered depressed subjects and controls. Br J Nutr 94, 415-422. (Pubitemid 41404284)
204. Booij L, Merens W, Markus C, et al. (2006) Diet rich in alpha-lactalbumin improves memory in unmedicated recovered depressed patients and matched controls. J Psychopharmacol 20, 526-535. (Pubitemid 43875182)
205. Verschoor E, Finlayson G, Blundell J, et al. (2010) Effects of an acute alpha-lactalbumin manipulation on mood and food hedonics in high- and low-trait anxiety individuals. Br J Nutr 104, 595-602.
206. US Department of Agriculture (2003) USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 16. Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page.
207. Clarke R (2008) B-vitamins and prevention of dementia. Proc Nutr Soc 67, 75-81. (Pubitemid 351185359)
208. Vogel T, Dali-Youcef N, Kaltenbach G, et al. (2009) Homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate and cognitive functions: a systematic and critical review of the literature. Int J Clin Practice 63, 1061-1067.
209. Wang HX, Wahlin à , Basun H, et al. (2001) Vitamin B12 and folate in relation to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 56, 1188-1194. (Pubitemid 32405713)
210. Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Faldt R, et al. (1996) Hyperhomocysteinaemia - a common finding in a psychogeriatric population. Eur J Clin Invest 26, 853-859. (Pubitemid 26343774)
211. Nilsson K, Gustafson L & Hultberg B (2001) Improvement of cognitive functions after cobalamin/folate supplementation in elderly patients with dementia and elevated plasma homocysteine. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 16, 609-614. (Pubitemid 32618854)
212. Miller AL (2003) The methionine-homocysteine cycle and its effects on cognitive diseases. Altern Med Rev 8, 7-19. (Pubitemid 36330564)
213. West RL, Lee JM & Maroun LE (1995) Hypomethylation of the amyloid precursor protein gene in the brain of an Alzheimer's disease patient. J Mol Neurosci 6, 141-146.
214. Rogaev EI, Lukiw WJ, Lavrushina O, et al. (1994) The upstream promoter of the Î2-amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) shows differential patterns of methylation in human brain. Genomics 22, 340-347.
215. Kruman II, Culmsee C, Chan SL, et al. (2000) Homocysteine elicits a DNA damage response in neurons that promotes apoptosis and hypersensitivity to excitotoxicity. J Neurosci 20, 6920-6926.
216. Ho PI, Collins SC, Dhitavat S, et al. (2001) Homocysteine potentiates Î2-amyloid neurotoxicity: role of oxidative stress. J Neurochem 78, 249-253. (Pubitemid 32664406)
217. Elias MF, Sullivan LM, D'Agostino RB, et al. (2005) Homocysteine and cognitive performance in the Framingham Offspring Study: age is important. Am J Epidemiol 162, 644-653. (Pubitemid 41437363)
218. Clarke R, Smith AD, Jobst KA, et al. (1998) Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 55, 1449-1455. (Pubitemid 28525506)
219. Joosten E, Lesaffre E, Riezler R, et al. (1997) Is metabolic evidence for vitamin B-12 and folate deficiency more frequent in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 52, M76-M79. (Pubitemid 27123966)
220. US Department of Health and Human Services & US Department of Agriculture (2005) Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 6th ed. Washington, DC: US Government. http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines.
221. Gao X, Wilde PE, Lichtenstein AH, et al. (2006) Meeting adequate intake for dietary calcium without dairy foods in adolescents aged 9 to 18 years (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002). J Am Diet Assoc 106, 1759-1765. (Pubitemid 44647148)
222. Astrup A, Chaput JP, Gilbert JA, et al. (2010) Dairy beverages and energy balance. Physiol Behav 100, 67-75.
223. Major GC, Chaput JP, Ledoux M, et al. (2008) Recent developments in calcium-related obesity research. Obes Rev 9, 428-445.
224. Govers MJAP, Termont DSML, Van Aken GA, et al. (1994) Characterization of the adsorption of conjugated and unconjugated bile acids to insoluble, amorphous calcium phosphate. J Lipid Res 35, 741-748. (Pubitemid 24157226)
225. Gacs G & Barltrop D (1977) Significance of Ca soap formation for calcium absorption in the rat. Gut 18, 64-68. (Pubitemid 8107255)
226. Ditscheid B, Keller S & Jahreis G (2005) Cholesterol metabolism is affected by calcium phosphate supplementation in humans. J Nutr 135, 1678-1682. (Pubitemid 40980718)
227. Payne ME, Anderson JJB & Steffens DC (2008) Calcium and vitamin D intakes may be positively associated with brain lesions in depressed and nondepressed elders. Nutr Res 28, 285-292. (Pubitemid 351609200)
228. Bolland MJ, Barber PA, Doughty RN, et al. (2008) Vascular events in healthy older women receiving calcium supplementation: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 336, 262-266. (Pubitemid 351251627)
229. Daly R, Ebeling P, Khan B, et al. (2009) Effect of calcium- vitamin D3 fortified milk on abdominal aortic calcification in older men: retrospective analysis of a 2-year randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res 24, 1215.
230. Thibault O, Gant JC & Landfield W (2007) Expansion of the calcium hypothesis of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease: minding the store. Aging Cell 6, 307-317. (Pubitemid 46785136)
231. Levy J, Gavin JR 3rd & Sowers JR (1994) Diabetes mellitus: a disease of abnormal cellular calcium metabolism? Am J Med 96, 260-273. (Pubitemid 24099226)
232. Stutzmann GE, Smith I, Caccamo A, et al. (2006) Enhanced ryanodine receptor recruitment contributes to Ca2\ disruptions in young, adult, and aged Alzheimer's disease mice. J Neurosci 26, 5180-5189. (Pubitemid 44315299)
233. Potier B, Rascol O, Jazat F, et al. (1992) Alterations in the properties of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the aged rat. Neuroscience 48, 793-806.
234. Landfield PW & Pitler TA (1984) Prolonged Ca2-dependent afterhyperpolarizations in hippocampal neurons of aged rats. Science 226, 1089-1092. (Pubitemid 15217828)
235. Kerr DS, Campbell LW, Hao SY, et al. (1989) Corticosteroid modulation of hippocampal potentials: increased effect with aging. Science 245, 1505-1509. (Pubitemid 19243243)
236. Moyer JR Jr, Thompson LT, Black JP, et al. (1992) Nimodipine increases excitability of rabbit CA1 pyramidal neurons in an age- and concentration- dependent manner. J Neurophysiol 68, 2100-2109. (Pubitemid 23015511)
237. Disterhoft JF, Thompson LT, Moyer JR Jr, et al. (1996) Calcium-dependent afterhyperpolarization and learning in young and aging hippocampus. Life Sci 59, 413-420. (Pubitemid 26246896)
238. Hemond P & Jaffe DB (2005) Caloric restriction prevents aging-associated changes in spike-mediated Ca2\ accumulation and the slow afterhyperpolarization in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Neuroscience 135, 413-420. (Pubitemid 41317380)
239. Thibault O, Hadley R & Landfield PW (2001) Elevated postsynaptic [Ca2\]i and L-type calcium channel activity in aged hippocampal neurons: relationship to impaired synaptic plasticity. J Neurosci 21, 9744-9756. (Pubitemid 34184060)
240. Campbell LW, Hao SY, Thibault O, et al. (1996) Aging changes in voltage-gated calcium currents in hippocampal CA1 neurons. J Neurosci 16, 6286-6295. (Pubitemid 26314001)
241. Thibault O & Landfield PW (1996) Increase in single L-type calcium channels in hippocampal neurons during aging. Science 272, 1017-1020. (Pubitemid 26259320)
242. Smith IF, Hitt B, Green KN, et al. (2005) Enhanced caffeineinduced Ca2\ release in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 94, 1711-1718. (Pubitemid 41324651)
243. Kopp-Hoolihan L (2001) Prophylactic and therapeutic uses of probiotics: a review. J Am Diet Assoc 101, 229-241. (Pubitemid 33712118)
244. Butt H, Dunstan R & McGregor N, et al. (2001) Bacterial colonosis in patients with persistent fatigue. In Proceedings of the AHMF International Clinical and Scientific Conference, Sydney, Australia.
245. Logan A & Katzman M (2005) Major depressive disorder: probiotics may be an adjuvant therapy. Med Hypotheses 64, 533-538. (Pubitemid 40023014)
246. Desbonnet L, Garrett L, Clarke G, et al. (2008) The probiotic Bifidobacteria infantis: an assessment of potential antidepressant properties in the rat. J Psychiatr Res 43, 164-174.
247. Benton D, Williams C & Brown A (2007) Impact of consuming a milk drink containing a probiotic on mood and cognition. Eur J Clin Nutr 61, 355-361. (Pubitemid 46358775)
248. Lomer MCE, Parkes GC & Sanderson JD (2008) Review Article: lactose intolerance in clinical practice - myths and realities. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 27, 93-103. (Pubitemid 350256606)