메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 5-6, 2006, Pages 471-485

Subjective memory complaints and cognitive impairment in older people

Author keywords

Cholinesterase inhibitors; Cognition; Dementia; Mild cognitive impairment; Subjective memory complaints

Indexed keywords

COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEPRESSION; HUMAN; MEMORY DISORDER; MOOD DISORDER; NEUROSIS; PERSONALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMETRY; REVIEW; RISK;

EID: 33750901642     PISSN: 14208008     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000096295     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (516)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0028100505 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes of the elderly held by young, middle-aged, and elderly adults
    • Hummert ML, Garstka TA, Shaner JL, Strahm S: Stereotypes of the elderly held by young, middle-aged, and elderly adults. J Gerontol 1994;49:240-249.
    • (1994) J Gerontol , vol.49 , pp. 240-249
    • Hummert, M.L.1    Garstka, T.A.2    Shaner, J.L.3    Strahm, S.4
  • 2
    • 0029117989 scopus 로고
    • The Gospel Oak Study stage IV: The clinical relevance of subjective memory impairment in older people
    • Tobiansky R, Blizard R, Livingston G, Mann A: The Gospel Oak Study stage IV: the clinical relevance of subjective memory impairment in older people. Psychol Med 1995;25:779-786.
    • (1995) Psychol Med , vol.25 , pp. 779-786
    • Tobiansky, R.1    Blizard, R.2    Livingston, G.3    Mann, A.4
  • 5
    • 0028234554 scopus 로고
    • Estimated prevalence of age-associated memory impairment derived from standardized tests of memory function
    • Larrabee GJ, Crook TH, III: Estimated prevalence of age-associated memory impairment derived from standardized tests of memory function. Int Psychogeriatr 1994;6:95-104.
    • (1994) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.6 , pp. 95-104
    • Larrabee, G.J.1    Crook III, T.H.2
  • 7
    • 0023457421 scopus 로고
    • Age-associated memory impairment: Diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies
    • Crook T, Bahar H, Sudilovsky A: Age-associated memory impairment: diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies. Int J Neurol 1987;21/22:73-82.
    • (1987) Int J Neurol , vol.21-22 , pp. 73-82
    • Crook, T.1    Bahar, H.2    Sudilovsky, A.3
  • 9
    • 0033670181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are memory complaints predictive for dementia? A review of clinical and population-based studies
    • Jonker C, Geerlings MI, Schmand B: Are memory complaints predictive for dementia? A review of clinical and population-based studies. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000;15:983-991.
    • (2000) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.15 , pp. 983-991
    • Jonker, C.1    Geerlings, M.I.2    Schmand, B.3
  • 10
    • 0027312705 scopus 로고
    • Empirical evaluation of the Cognitive Difficulties Scale for assessment of memory complaints in general practice: A study of 1628 cognitively normal subjects aged 45-75 years
    • Derouesne C, Dealberto MJ, Boyer P, Lubin S, Sauron B, Peitte F, Kohler F, Alperovitch A: Empirical evaluation of the Cognitive Difficulties Scale for assessment of memory complaints in general practice: a study of 1628 cognitively normal subjects aged 45-75 years. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1993;8:599-607.
    • (1993) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.8 , pp. 599-607
    • Derouesne, C.1    Dealberto, M.J.2    Boyer, P.3    Lubin, S.4    Sauron, B.5    Peitte, F.6    Kohler, F.7    Alperovitch, A.8
  • 11
    • 0028241561 scopus 로고
    • Aging-associated cognitive decline
    • Working Party of the International Psychogeriatric Association in collaboration with the World Health Organization
    • Levy R: Aging-associated cognitive decline. Working Party of the International Psychogeriatric Association in collaboration with the World Health Organization. Int Psychogeriatr 1994;6:63-68.
    • (1994) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.6 , pp. 63-68
    • Levy, R.1
  • 13
    • 0025909358 scopus 로고
    • The validity of memory complaints by elderly persons
    • Christensen H: The validity of memory complaints by elderly persons. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1991;6:307-312.
    • (1991) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.6 , pp. 307-312
    • Christensen, H.1
  • 14
    • 1242284701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints and objective memory impairment in the Vienna-Transdanube aging community
    • Jungwirth S, Fischer P, Weissgram S, Kirchmeyr W, Bauer P, Tragl KH: Subjective memory complaints and objective memory impairment in the Vienna-Transdanube aging community. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:263-268.
    • (2004) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.52 , pp. 263-268
    • Jungwirth, S.1    Fischer, P.2    Weissgram, S.3    Kirchmeyr, W.4    Bauer, P.5    Tragl, K.H.6
  • 15
  • 16
    • 0027262183 scopus 로고
    • Memory complaint, memory performance, and psychiatric diagnosis: A community study
    • Bassett SS, Folstein MF: Memory complaint, memory performance, and psychiatric diagnosis: a community study. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1993;6:105-111.
    • (1993) J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol , vol.6 , pp. 105-111
    • Bassett, S.S.1    Folstein, M.F.2
  • 17
    • 0025232812 scopus 로고
    • Memory complaints and impairment in normal, depressed, and demented elderly persons identified in a community survey
    • O'Connor DW, Pollitt PA, Roth M, Brook PB, Reiss BB: Memory complaints and impairment in normal, depressed, and demented elderly persons identified in a community survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:224-227.
    • (1990) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 224-227
    • O'Connor, D.W.1    Pollitt, P.A.2    Roth, M.3    Brook, P.B.4    Reiss, B.B.5
  • 18
    • 0035184394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education bias in the mini-mental state examination
    • Jones RN, Gallo JJ: Education bias in the mini-mental state examination. Int Psychogeriatr 2001;13:299-310.
    • (2001) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.13 , pp. 299-310
    • Jones, R.N.1    Gallo, J.J.2
  • 19
    • 25444450309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints in Chinese subjects with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease
    • Lam LCW, Lui VWC, Tam CWC, Chui HFK: Subjective memory complaints in Chinese subjects with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;20:876-882.
    • (2005) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.20 , pp. 876-882
    • Lam, L.C.W.1    Lui, V.W.C.2    Tam, C.W.C.3    Chui, H.F.K.4
  • 20
    • 0027427470 scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of cognitive function in elderly persons with subjective memory complaints
    • Flicker C, Ferris SH, Reisberg B: A longitudinal study of cognitive function in elderly persons with subjective memory complaints. J Am Geriatr Soc 1993;41:1029-1032.
    • (1993) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.41 , pp. 1029-1032
    • Flicker, C.1    Ferris, S.H.2    Reisberg, B.3
  • 21
    • 0026872386 scopus 로고
    • Correlates of memory decline: A 4-year longitudinal study of older adults with memory complaints
    • Taylor JL, Miller TP, Tinklenberg JR: Correlates of memory decline: a 4-year longitudinal study of older adults with memory complaints. Psychol Aging 1992;7:185-193.
    • (1992) Psychol Aging , vol.7 , pp. 185-193
    • Taylor, J.L.1    Miller, T.P.2    Tinklenberg, J.R.3
  • 22
    • 0029973385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints may announce dementia
    • Schmand B, Jonker C, Hooijer C, Lindeboom J: Subjective memory complaints may announce dementia. Neurology 1996;46:121-125.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 121-125
    • Schmand, B.1    Jonker, C.2    Hooijer, C.3    Lindeboom, J.4
  • 26
    • 0030950807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reports on memory functioning in a longitudinal study of the oldest old: Relation to current, prospective, and retrospective performance
    • Johansson B, Allen-Burge R, Zarit SH: Self-reports on memory functioning in a longitudinal study of the oldest old: relation to current, prospective, and retrospective performance. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1997;52:139-146.
    • (1997) J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci , vol.52 , pp. 139-146
    • Johansson, B.1    Allen-Burge, R.2    Zarit, S.H.3
  • 27
    • 0030909516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of subjective memory complaints with subsequent cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly individuals with baseline cognitive impairment
    • Schofield PW, Marder K, Dooneief G, Jacobs DM, Sano M, Stern Y: Association of subjective memory complaints with subsequent cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly individuals with baseline cognitive impairment. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:609-615.
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 609-615
    • Schofield, P.W.1    Marder, K.2    Dooneief, G.3    Jacobs, D.M.4    Sano, M.5    Stern, Y.6
  • 29
    • 0032927814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between memory complaints and incident Alzheimer's disease in elderly people with normal baseline cognition
    • Geerlings MI, Jonker C, Bouter LM, Ader HJ, Schmand B: Association between memory complaints and incident Alzheimer's disease in elderly people with normal baseline cognition. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:531-537.
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 531-537
    • Geerlings, M.I.1    Jonker, C.2    Bouter, L.M.3    Ader, H.J.4    Schmand, B.5
  • 30
    • 0036741977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are cognitively intact seniors with subjective memory loss more likely to develop dementia?
    • St John P, Montogomery P: Are cognitively intact seniors with subjective memory loss more likely to develop dementia? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002;17:814-820.
    • (2002) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.17 , pp. 814-820
    • St John, P.1    Montogomery, P.2
  • 32
    • 0031037340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do cognitive complaints either predict future cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline? A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample
    • Jorm AF, Christensen H, Korten AE, Henderson AS, Jacomb PA, Mackinnon A: Do cognitive complaints either predict future cognitive decline or reflect past cognitive decline? A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample. Psychol Med 1997;27:91-98.
    • (1997) Psychol Med , vol.27 , pp. 91-98
    • Jorm, A.F.1    Christensen, H.2    Korten, A.E.3    Henderson, A.S.4    Jacomb, P.A.5    Mackinnon, A.6
  • 33
    • 0035071029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory complaints as a precursor of memory impairment in older people: A longitudinal analysis over 7-8 years
    • Jorm AF, Christensen H, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, Henderson AS: Memory complaints as a precursor of memory impairment in older people: a longitudinal analysis over 7-8 years. Psychol Med 2001;31:441-449.
    • (2001) Psychol Med , vol.31 , pp. 441-449
    • Jorm, A.F.1    Christensen, H.2    Korten, A.E.3    Jacomb, P.A.4    Henderson, A.S.5
  • 34
    • 18944387838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective cognitive complaints and cognitive decline: Consequence or predictor? The Epidemiology of Vascular Aging Study
    • Dufouil C, Fuhrer R, Alperovitch A: Subjective cognitive complaints and cognitive decline: consequence or predictor? The Epidemiology of Vascular Aging Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:616-621.
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , pp. 616-621
    • Dufouil, C.1    Fuhrer, R.2    Alperovitch, A.3
  • 35
    • 0030036674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints, psychological distress, and longitudinal change in objective memory performance
    • Smith GE, Petersen RC, Ivnik RJ, Malec JF, Tangalos EG: Subjective memory complaints, psychological distress, and longitudinal change in objective memory performance. Psychol Aging 1996;11:272-279.
    • (1996) Psychol Aging , vol.11 , pp. 272-279
    • Smith, G.E.1    Petersen, R.C.2    Ivnik, R.J.3    Malec, J.F.4    Tangalos, E.G.5
  • 37
    • 0029934216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints and depression in the able elderly
    • Collins MW, Ables N: Subjective memory complaints and depression in the able elderly. Clin Gerontol 1996;16:29-54.
    • (1996) Clin Gerontol , vol.16 , pp. 29-54
    • Collins, M.W.1    Ables, N.2
  • 40
    • 23944450055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory complaints, white-matter lesions, depressive symptoms, and cognition in elderly patients
    • Minett TSC, Dean JL, Firbank M, English P, O'Brien JT: Subjective memory complaints, white-matter lesions, depressive symptoms, and cognition in elderly patients. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:665-671.
    • (2005) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 665-671
    • Minett, T.S.C.1    Dean, J.L.2    Firbank, M.3    English, P.4    O'Brien, J.T.5
  • 41
    • 0001302066 scopus 로고
    • Self-rating and psychometric assessment of age-related changes in memory among young-elderly managers
    • Poitrenaud J, Malbezin M, Guez D: Self-rating and psychometric assessment of age-related changes in memory among young-elderly managers. Dev Neuropsychol 1989;5:285-294.
    • (1989) Dev Neuropsychol , vol.5 , pp. 285-294
    • Poitrenaud, J.1    Malbezin, M.2    Guez, D.3
  • 42
    • 0016594081 scopus 로고
    • Memory complaint and impairment in the aged: The effect of depression and altered brain function
    • Kahn RL, Zarit SH, Hilbert NM, Niederehe G: Memory complaint and impairment in the aged: the effect of depression and altered brain function. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1975;32:1569-1573.
    • (1975) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 1569-1573
    • Kahn, R.L.1    Zarit, S.H.2    Hilbert, N.M.3    Niederehe, G.4
  • 43
    • 0003401166 scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association: Washington, American Psychiatric Association Press
    • American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, ed 4. Washington, American Psychiatric Association Press, 1994.
    • (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Ed 4
  • 44
    • 10044231641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory complaints in a community sample aged 60-64 years: Associations with cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, medical conditions, APOE genotype, hippocampus and amygdala volumes, and white-matter hyperintensities
    • Jorm AF, Butterworth P, Anstey KJ, Christensen H, Easteal S, Maller J, Mather KA, Turakulov RI, Wen W, Sachdev P: Memory complaints in a community sample aged 60-64 years: associations with cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, medical conditions, APOE genotype, hippocampus and amygdala volumes, and white-matter hyperintensities. Psychol Med 2004;34:1495-1506.
    • (2004) Psychol Med , vol.34 , pp. 1495-1506
    • Jorm, A.F.1    Butterworth, P.2    Anstey, K.J.3    Christensen, H.4    Easteal, S.5    Maller, J.6    Mather, K.A.7    Turakulov, R.I.8    Wen, W.9    Sachdev, P.10
  • 45
    • 0023676356 scopus 로고
    • Detecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings
    • Goldberg D, Bridges K, Duncan-Jones P, Grayson D: Detecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings. BMJ 1988;297:897-899.
    • (1988) BMJ , vol.297 , pp. 897-899
    • Goldberg, D.1    Bridges, K.2    Duncan-Jones, P.3    Grayson, D.4
  • 46
    • 25844460531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do subjective cognitive complaints in persons with aging-associated cognitive decline reflect?
    • Kliegel MK, Zimprich D, Eschen A: What do subjective cognitive complaints in persons with aging-associated cognitive decline reflect? Int Psychogeriatr 2005;17:499-512.
    • (2005) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.17 , pp. 499-512
    • Kliegel, M.K.1    Zimprich, D.2    Eschen, A.3
  • 47
    • 0030772827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quantitative review of cognitive deficits in depression and Alzheimer-type dementia
    • Christensen H, Griffiths K, Mackinnon A, Jacomb P: A quantitative review of cognitive deficits in depression and Alzheimer-type dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1997;3:631-651.
    • (1997) J Int Neuropsychol Soc , vol.3 , pp. 631-651
    • Christensen, H.1    Griffiths, K.2    Mackinnon, A.3    Jacomb, P.4
  • 48
    • 0037222408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective memory impairment, cognitive function and depression: A community study in older Koreans
    • Kim JM, Stewart R, Shin IS, Choi SK, Yoon JS: Subjective memory impairment, cognitive function and depression: a community study in older Koreans. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2003;15:218-225.
    • (2003) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.15 , pp. 218-225
    • Kim, J.M.1    Stewart, R.2    Shin, I.S.3    Choi, S.K.4    Yoon, J.S.5
  • 50
    • 84903212571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of depression on cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly persons
    • Sachs-Ericsson N, Joiner T, Plant EA, Blazer DG: The influence of depression on cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly persons. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:402-408.
    • (2005) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 402-408
    • Sachs-Ericsson, N.1    Joiner, T.2    Plant, E.A.3    Blazer, D.G.4
  • 51
    • 0032931857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in nondemented elderly women: A prospective study
    • Yaffe K, Blackwell T, Gore R, Sands L, Reus V, Browner WS: Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in nondemented elderly women: a prospective study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:425-430.
    • (1999) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 425-430
    • Yaffe, K.1    Blackwell, T.2    Gore, R.3    Sands, L.4    Reus, V.5    Browner, W.S.6
  • 52
    • 0033917741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is depression a risk factor for dementia or cognitive decline? A review
    • Jorm AF: Is depression a risk factor for dementia or cognitive decline? A review. Gerontology 2000;46:219-227.
    • (2000) Gerontology , vol.46 , pp. 219-227
    • Jorm, A.F.1
  • 54
    • 0036830702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory complaints - The association with psycho-affective and health problems and the role of personality characteristics: A 6-year follow-up study
    • Comijs HC, Deeg DJ, Dik MG, Twisk JW, Jonker C: Memory complaints - the association with psycho-affective and health problems and the role of personality characteristics: a 6-year follow-up study. J Affect Disord 2002;72:157-165.
    • (2002) J Affect Disord , vol.72 , pp. 157-165
    • Comijs, H.C.1    Deeg, D.J.2    Dik, M.G.3    Twisk, J.W.4    Jonker, C.5
  • 55
    • 0026776257 scopus 로고
    • Population-based dementia screening program in Kuopio: The effect of education, age, and sex on brief neuropsychological tests
    • Koivisto K, Helkala EL, Reinikainen KJ: Population-based dementia screening program in Kuopio: the effect of education, age, and sex on brief neuropsychological tests. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1992;5:162-171.
    • (1992) J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol , vol.5 , pp. 162-171
    • Koivisto, K.1    Helkala, E.L.2    Reinikainen, K.J.3
  • 58
    • 1542719871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The course of cognitive decline in older persons: Results from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam
    • Comijs HC, Dik MG, Deeg DJ, Jonker C: The course of cognitive decline in older persons: results from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2004;17:136-142.
    • (2004) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.17 , pp. 136-142
    • Comijs, H.C.1    Dik, M.G.2    Deeg, D.J.3    Jonker, C.4
  • 59
    • 0023350845 scopus 로고
    • Age differences in metamemory: Resolving the inconsistencies
    • Hultsch DF, Hertzog C, Dixon RA: Age differences in metamemory: resolving the inconsistencies. Can J Psychol 1987;41:193-208.
    • (1987) Can J Psychol , vol.41 , pp. 193-208
    • Hultsch, D.F.1    Hertzog, C.2    Dixon, R.A.3
  • 61
    • 0030666458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of different diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of dementia
    • Erkinjuntti T, Ostbye T, Steenhuis R, Hachinski V: The effect of different diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of dementia. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1667-1674.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1667-1674
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1    Ostbye, T.2    Steenhuis, R.3    Hachinski, V.4
  • 62
    • 0029985928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is depression in elderly people followed by dementia? A retrospective cohort study based in general practice
    • Buntinx F, Kester A, Bergers J, Knottnerus JA: Is depression in elderly people followed by dementia? A retrospective cohort study based in general practice. Age Ageing 1996;25:231-233.
    • (1996) Age Ageing , vol.25 , pp. 231-233
    • Buntinx, F.1    Kester, A.2    Bergers, J.3    Knottnerus, J.A.4
  • 63
    • 0030888195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 'glucocorticoid cascade' hypothesis in man: Prolonged stress may cause permanent brain damage
    • O'Brien JT: The 'glucocorticoid cascade' hypothesis in man: prolonged stress may cause permanent brain damage. Br J Psychiatry 1997;170:199-201.
    • (1997) Br J Psychiatry , vol.170 , pp. 199-201
    • O'Brien, J.T.1
  • 65
    • 0031737084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive symptomatology and incident cognitive decline in an elderly community sample
    • Bassuk SS, Berkman LF, Wypij D: Depressive symptomatology and incident cognitive decline in an elderly community sample. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998;55:1073-1081.
    • (1998) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 1073-1081
    • Bassuk, S.S.1    Berkman, L.F.2    Wypij, D.3
  • 66
    • 0038784256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ): Normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample
    • Crawford JR, Smith G, Maylor EA, Della SS, Logie RH: The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ): normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. Memory 2003;11:261-275.
    • (2003) Memory , vol.11 , pp. 261-275
    • Crawford, J.R.1    Smith, G.2    Maylor, E.A.3    Della, S.S.4    Logie, R.H.5
  • 67
    • 0025493001 scopus 로고
    • Memory Functioning Questionnaire: Concurrent validity with memory performance and self-reported memory failures
    • Zelinski EM, Gilewski MJ, Anthony-Bergstone CR: Memory Functioning Questionnaire: concurrent validity with memory performance and self-reported memory failures. Psychol Aging 1990;5:388-399.
    • (1990) Psychol Aging , vol.5 , pp. 388-399
    • Zelinski, E.M.1    Gilewski, M.J.2    Anthony-Bergstone, C.R.3
  • 68
    • 0035075592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NART as an index of prior intellectual functioning: A retrospective validity study covering a 66-year interval
    • Crawford JR, Deary IJ, Starr J, Whalley LJ: The NART as an index of prior intellectual functioning: a retrospective validity study covering a 66-year interval. Psychol Med 2001;31:451-458.
    • (2001) Psychol Med , vol.31 , pp. 451-458
    • Crawford, J.R.1    Deary, I.J.2    Starr, J.3    Whalley, L.J.4
  • 69
    • 4344636832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive function: The core feature of dementia?
    • Voss SE, Bullock RA: Executive function: the core feature of dementia? Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2004;18:207-216.
    • (2004) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.18 , pp. 207-216
    • Voss, S.E.1    Bullock, R.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.