메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 782-797

Trichloroethylene risk assessment: A review and commentary

Author keywords

Carcinogenesis; PBPK modeling; Peroxisome proliferation; Presystemic elimination; Risk assessment; Trichloroethylene

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; CHLORAL HYDRATE; CYTOCHROME P450 2E1; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; DRINKING WATER; GLUCURONIDE; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE;

EID: 70449135026     PISSN: 10408444     EISSN: 15476898     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10408440903222177     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (141)
  • 2
    • 0019792616 scopus 로고
    • A physiologically based toxicokinetic description of the metabolism of inhaled gases and vapors: Analysis at steady state
    • Andersen ME (1981). A physiologically based toxicokinetic description of the metabolism of inhaled gases and vapors: Analysis at steady state. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 60:509-526.
    • (1981) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.60 , pp. 509-526
    • Andersen, M.E.1
  • 3
    • 0037452436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicokinetic modeling and it's applications in chemical risk assessment
    • Andersen ME (2003). Toxicokinetic modeling and it's applications in chemical risk assessment. Toxicol Lett 138:9-27.
    • (2003) Toxicol Lett , vol.138 , pp. 9-27
    • Andersen, M.E.1
  • 5
    • 34447645671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uses of and exposure to trichloroethylene in US industry: A systemic literature review
    • Baake B, Stewart PA, Waters MA (2007). Uses of and exposure to trichloroethylene in US industry: A systemic literature review. J Occup Environ Hyg 4:375-390.
    • (2007) J Occup Environ Hyg , vol.4 , pp. 375-390
    • Baake, B.1    Stewart, P.A.2    Waters, M.A.3
  • 6
    • 0027278272 scopus 로고
    • Signifcance of DNA adduct studies in animals for cancer molecular dosimetry and risk assessment
    • Beland FA, Poirier MC (1993). Signifcance of DNA adduct studies in animals for cancer molecular dosimetry and risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect 99:5-10.
    • (1993) Environ Health Perspect , vol.99 , pp. 5-10
    • Beland, F.A.1    Poirier, M.C.2
  • 8
    • 0024243884 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics for regulatory risk analysis: Te case for trichloroethylene
    • Bogen KT (1988). Pharmacokinetics for regulatory risk analysis: Te case for trichloroethylene. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 8:447-466.
    • (1988) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.8 , pp. 447-466
    • Bogen, K.T.1
  • 9
    • 0031080141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichloroethylene cancer risk; Simplifed calculation of PBPK-based MCLs for cytotoxic end points
    • Bogen KT, Gold LS (1997). Trichloroethylene cancer risk; Simplifed calculation of PBPK-based MCLs for cytotoxic end points. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 25:26-42.
    • (1997) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 26-42
    • Bogen, K.T.1    Gold, L.S.2
  • 10
    • 0033583793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichloroethylene exposure and specifc somatic mutations in patients with renal cell carcinoma
    • Brauch H, Weirich G, Hornauer MA, Storkel S, Wohl T, Bruning T (1999). Trichloroethylene exposure and specifc somatic mutations in patients with renal cell carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:854-861.
    • (1999) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.91 , pp. 854-861
    • Brauch, H.1    Weirich, G.2    Hornauer, M.A.3    Storkel, S.4    Wohl, T.5    Bruning, T.6
  • 11
    • 2942516224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VHL mutations in renal cell cancer:Does occupational exposure to trichloroethylene make a diference?
    • Brauch H, Weirich G, Klein B, Rabstein S, Bolt HM, Bruning T (2004). VHL mutations In renal cell cancer:Does occupational exposure to trichloroethylene make a diference? Toxicol Lett 151:301-310.
    • (2004) Toxicol Lett , vol.151 , pp. 301-310
    • Brauch, H.1    Weirich, G.2    Klein, B.3    Rabstein, S.4    Bolt, H.M.5    Bruning, T.6
  • 12
    • 33746895500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of cryopreserved human hepatocytes in trichloroethylene risk assessment: Relative disposition of chloral hydrate to trichloroacetate and trichloroethanol
    • Bronley-DeLancey A, McMillan DC, McMillan JM. Jollow DJ, Mohr LC, Hoel DG (2006). Application of cryopreserved human hepatocytes in trichloroethylene risk assessment: Relative disposition of chloral hydrate to trichloroacetate and trichloroethanol. Environ Health Perspect 114:1237-1242.
    • (2006) Environ Health Perspect , vol.114 , pp. 1237-1242
    • Bronley-Delancey, A.1    McMillan, D.C.2    McMillan, J.M.3    Jollow, D.J.4    Mohr, L.C.5    Hoel, D.G.6
  • 15
    • 1642633556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal toxicity and carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene: Key results, mechanisms and controversies
    • Bruning T, Bolt HM (2000). Renal toxicity and carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene: Key results, mechanisms and controversies. Crit Rev Toxicol 30:253-285.
    • (2000) Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.30 , pp. 253-285
    • Bruning, T.1    Bolt, H.M.2
  • 16
    • 0033947603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of liver tumor induction by trichloroethylene and its metabolites trichloroactetate and dichloroacetate
    • Bull RJ (2000). Mode of action of liver tumor induction by trichloroethylene and its metabolites trichloroactetate and dichloroacetate. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2):241-259.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 241-259
    • Bull, R.J.1
  • 19
    • 33748185237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key issues in the modes of action and efects of trichloroethylene metabolites for liver and kidney tumorigenesis
    • Caldwell JC, Keshava N (2006). Key issues in the modes of action and efects of trichloroethylene metabolites for liver and kidney tumorigenesis. Environ Health Perspect 114:1457-1463.
    • (2006) Environ Health Perspect , vol.114 , pp. 1457-1463
    • Caldwell, J.C.1    Keshava, N.2
  • 20
    • 33645731704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments on article "applying mode-of-action and pharmacokinetic considerations in contemporary risk assessments: An example with trichloroethylene" by Clewell and Andersen
    • Caldwell JC, Evans ME, Marcus AH, Scott CS, Chiu WA, Okino MS, Preuss PW (2006). Comments on article "Applying mode-of-action and pharmacokinetic considerations in contemporary risk assessments: An example with trichloroethylene" by Clewell and Andersen. Crit Rev Toxicol 36:291-294.
    • (2006) Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.36 , pp. 291-294
    • Caldwell, J.C.1    Evans, M.E.2    Marcus, A.H.3    Scott, C.S.4    Chiu, W.A.5    Okino, M.S.6    Preuss, P.W.7
  • 21
    • 0038219559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cell proliferation and cell death by peroxisome proliferators
    • Cattley RC (2003). Regulation of cell proliferation and cell death by peroxisome proliferators. Microscopy Res Tech 61:179-184.
    • (2003) Microscopy Res Tech , vol.61 , pp. 179-184
    • Cattley, R.C.1
  • 24
    • 33748209170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in the pharmacokinetics of trichloroethylene and its metabolites
    • Chiu WA, Okino MS, Lipscomb JC, Evans MV (2006). Issues in the pharmacokinetics of trichloroethylene and its metabolites. Environ Health Perspect 114:1450-1456.
    • (2006) Environ Health Perspect , vol.114 , pp. 1450-1456
    • Chiu, W.A.1    Okino, M.S.2    Lipscomb, J.C.3    Evans, M.V.4
  • 25
    • 5344235467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying mode-of-action and pharmacokinetic considerations in contemporary cancer risk assessments: An example with trichloroethylene
    • Clewell HJ, Andersen ME (2004). Applying mode-of-action and pharmacokinetic considerations in contemporary cancer risk assessments: An example with trichloroethylene. Crit Rev Toxicol 34:384-445.
    • (2004) Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.34 , pp. 384-445
    • Clewell, H.J.1    Andersen, M.E.2
  • 26
    • 0343090508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of trichloroethylene and its metabolites for use in risk assessment
    • Clewell HJ, III, Gentry PR, Covington TR, Gearhart JM (2000). Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of trichloroethylene and its metabolites for use in risk assessment. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2):283-305.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 283-305
    • Clewell, H.J.1    Gentry Iii, P.R.2    Covington, T.R.3    Gearhart, J.M.4
  • 27
    • 0034517991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of trihalomethanes on cell proliferation and DNA methylation in female B6C3F1 mouse liver
    • Cofn JC, Ge R, Yang S, Kramer PM, Tao L, Pereira MA (2000). Efect of trihalomethanes on cell proliferation and DNA methylation in female B6C3F1 mouse liver. Toxicol Sci 58:243-252.
    • (2000) Toxicol Sci , vol.58 , pp. 243-252
    • Cofn, J.C.1    Ge, R.2    Yang, S.3    Kramer, P.M.4    Tao, L.5    Pereira, M.A.6
  • 28
    • 0032903895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rodent Leydig cell tumorigenesis: A review of the physiology, pathology, mechanisms and relevance to humans
    • Cook JC, Klinefelter GR, Hardisty JF, Sharpe RM, Foster PMD (1999). Rodent Leydig cell tumorigenesis: A review of the physiology, pathology, mechanisms and relevance to humans. Crit Rev Toxicol 29:169-261.
    • (1999) Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.29 , pp. 169-261
    • Cook, J.C.1    Klinefelter, G.R.2    Hardisty, J.F.3    Sharpe, R.M.4    Foster, P.M.D.5
  • 29
    • 0034677853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central role of PPARa in the mechanism of action of hepatocarcinogenic peroxisomal proliferators
    • Corton JC, Lapinskas PJ, Gonzalez FJ (2000). Central role of PPARa in the mechanism of action of hepatocarcinogenic peroxisomal proliferators. Mutat Res 448:139-151.
    • (2000) Mutat Res , vol.448 , pp. 139-151
    • Corton, J.C.1    Lapinskas, P.J.2    Gonzalez, F.J.3
  • 30
    • 0023755341 scopus 로고
    • Drinking water standards and risk assessment
    • Cotruvo JA (1988). Drinking water standards and risk assessment. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 8:288-299.
    • (1988) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.8 , pp. 288-299
    • Cotruvo, J.A.1
  • 31
    • 0037180757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infammation and cancer
    • Coussens LM, Werb Z (2002). Infammation and cancer. Nature 420:860-867.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 860-867
    • Coussens, L.M.1    Werb, Z.2
  • 33
    • 0030592952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat
    • DeAngelo AB, Daniel FB, Most BM, Olson GR (1996). Te carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat. Toxicology 114:207-221.
    • (1996) Toxicology , vol.114 , pp. 207-221
    • Deangelo, A.B.1    Daniel, F.B.2    Most, B.M.3    Olson, G.R.4
  • 34
    • 23044529847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does exposure to trichloroethene in low doses constitute a cancer risk to humans?
    • Dekant W (2001). Does exposure to trichloroethylene in low doses constitute a cancer risk to humans? Human Ecol Risk Assess 7:657-675. (Pubitemid 33817421)
    • (2001) Human and Ecological Risk Assessment (HERA) , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 657-675
    • Dekant, W.1
  • 35
    • 0041360238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for trichloroethylene bioactivation and adduct formation in the rat epididymis and eferent ducts
    • DuTeaux SB, Hengel MJ, DeGroot DE, Jelks KA and Miller MG (2003). Evidence for trichloroethylene bioactivation and adduct formation in the rat epididymis and eferent ducts. Biol Reprod 69:771-779.
    • (2003) Biol Reprod , vol.69 , pp. 771-779
    • Duteaux, S.B.1    Hengel, M.J.2    Degroot, D.E.3    Jelks, K.A.4    Miller, M.G.5
  • 36
    • 0030291971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a priority list of chemical mixtures occurring at 1188 hazardous waste sites using the HazDat database
    • Fay RM, Mumtaz MM (1996). Development of a priority list of chemical mixtures occurring at 1188 hazardous waste sites using the HazDat database. Food Chem Toxicol 34:1163-1165.
    • (1996) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.34 , pp. 1163-1165
    • Fay, R.M.1    Mumtaz, M.M.2
  • 37
    • 0033934377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for trichloroethylene and its oxidative metabolites
    • Fisher JW (2000). Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for trichloroethylene and its oxidative metabolites. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2):265-273.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 265-273
    • Fisher, J.W.1
  • 38
    • 0032192157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A human physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for trichloroethylene and its metabolites trichloroacetic acid and free trichloroethanol
    • Fisher JW, Mahle D, Abbas R (1998). A human physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for trichloroethylene and its metabolites trichloroacetic acid and free trichloroethanol. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 152:339-359.
    • (1998) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.152 , pp. 339-359
    • Fisher, J.W.1    Mahle, D.2    Abbas, R.3
  • 40
    • 24944498459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary bioactivation of trichloroethylene to chloral hydrate: Relative contributions of CYP2E1, CYP2F and CYP2B1
    • Forkert P-G, Baldwin RM, Millen B, Lash LH, Put DA, Shultz MA, Collins KS (2005). Pulmonary bioactivation of trichloroethylene to chloral hydrate: Relative contributions of CYP2E1, CYP2F and CYP2B1. Drug Metab Dispos 33:1429-1437.
    • (2005) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.33 , pp. 1429-1437
    • Forkert, P.-G.1    Baldwin, R.M.2    Millen, B.3    Lash, L.H.4    Put, D.A.5    Shultz, M.A.6    Collins, K.S.7
  • 42
    • 0037372583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifcation of trichloroethylene and its metabolites in human seminal fuid of workers exposed to trichloroethylene
    • Forkert P-G, Lash L, Tardif R, Tanphaichitr N, Vandevoort C, Moussa M (2003). Identifcation of trichloroethylene and its metabolites in human seminal fuid of workers exposed to trichloroethylene. Drug Metab Dispos 31:306-311.
    • (2003) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.31 , pp. 306-311
    • Forkert, P.-G.1    Lash, L.2    Tardif, R.3    Tanphaichitr, N.4    Vandevoort, C.5    Moussa, M.6
  • 44
  • 46
    • 40049088000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPARα: Mechanism of species diferences and hepatocarcinogenesis of peroxisome proliferators
    • Gonzalez FJ, Shah YM (2008). PPARα: Mechanism of species diferences and hepatocarcinogenesis of peroxisome proliferators. Toxicology 246:2-8.
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.246 , pp. 2-8
    • Gonzalez, F.J.1    Shah, Y.M.2
  • 48
    • 0033947180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene. Species diferences and modes of action
    • Green T (2000). Pulmonary toxicity and carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene. Species diferences and modes of action. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2):261-264.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 261-264
    • Green, T.1
  • 49
    • 0030800178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te role of glutathione conjugation in the development of kidney tumors exposed to trichloroethylene
    • Green T, Dow J, Ellis MK, Odum J (1997). Te role of glutathione conjugation in the development of kidney tumors exposed to trichloroethylene. Chem-Biol Interact 105:99-117.
    • (1997) Chem-Biol Interact , vol.105 , pp. 99-117
    • Green, T.1    Dow, J.2    Ellis, M.K.3    Odum, J.4
  • 50
    • 0026035519 scopus 로고
    • Role of human cytochrome P-450 IIE1 in the oxidation of many low molecular weight cancer suspects
    • Guengerich FP, Kim DH, Iwasaki M (1991). Role of human cytochrome P-450 IIE1 in the oxidation of many low molecular weight cancer suspects. Chem Res Toxicol 4:168-179.
    • (1991) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.4 , pp. 168-179
    • Guengerich, F.P.1    Kim, D.H.2    Iwasaki, M.3
  • 51
    • 33747890699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian population analysis of a harmonized physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of trichloroethylene and its metabolites
    • Hack CE, Chiu WA, Zhao QJ, Clewell HJ (2006). Bayesian population analysis of a harmonized physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of trichloroethylene and its metabolites. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 46:63-83.
    • (2006) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 63-83
    • Hack, C.E.1    Chiu, W.A.2    Zhao, Q.J.3    Clewell, H.J.4
  • 52
    • 0029996390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunochemical detection of protein adducts in mice treated with trichloroethylene
    • Halmes NC, McMillan DC, Oatis, JE, Jr, Pumford NR (1996). Immunochemical detection of protein adducts in mice treated with trichloroethylene. Chem Res Toxicol 9:451-456.
    • (1996) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.9 , pp. 451-456
    • Halmes, N.C.1    McMillan, D.C.2    Oatis, J.E.3    Jr Pumford, N.R.4
  • 53
    • 0033976659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-evaluation of the 2-year chloroform drinking water carcinogenicity bioassay in Osborne-Mendel rats supports chronic renal tubule injury as the mode of action underlying the renal tumor response
    • Hard GC, Boorman GA, Wolf DC (2000). Re-evaluation of the 2-year chloroform drinking water carcinogenicity bioassay in Osborne-Mendel rats supports chronic renal tubule injury as the mode of action underlying the renal tumor response. Toxicol Sci 53:237-244.
    • (2000) Toxicol Sci , vol.53 , pp. 237-244
    • Hard, G.C.1    Boorman, G.A.2    Wolf, D.C.3
  • 54
    • 0002860910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicologic defense mechanisms and how they afect the nature of the dose-response relationships
    • Hart RW, Frame L (1996). Toxicologic defense mechanisms and how they afect the nature of the dose-response relationships. BELLE Newslett 5:1-25.
    • (1996) BELLE Newslett , vol.5 , pp. 1-25
    • Hart, R.W.1    Frame, L.2
  • 56
    • 0031955224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous neoplasm incidences in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice in two-year carcinogenicity studies: A National Toxicology Program update
    • Haseman JK, Hailey JR, Morris RW (1998). Spontaneous neoplasm incidences in Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice in two-year carcinogenicity studies: A National Toxicology Program update. Toxicol Pathol 26:428-441.
    • (1998) Toxicol Pathol , vol.26 , pp. 428-441
    • Haseman, J.K.1    Hailey, J.R.2    Morris, R.W.3
  • 57
    • 0031587942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics and metabolism of chloral hydrate in children: Identifcation of dichloroacetate as a metabolite
    • Henderson GN, Yan Z, James MO, Davydova N, Stacpoole PW (1997). Kinetics and metabolism of chloral hydrate in children: Identifcation of dichloroacetate as a metabolite. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 235:695-698.
    • (1997) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.235 , pp. 695-698
    • Henderson, G.N.1    Yan, Z.2    James, M.O.3    Davydova, N.4    Stacpoole, P.W.5
  • 58
    • 0018840773 scopus 로고
    • Reactions of trichloroethylene by long-term inhalation in three animal species
    • Henschler D, Hoos WR, Fetz H, Dollmeier E, Metzler M (1980). Reactions of trichloroethylene by long-term inhalation in three animal species. Arch Toxicol 43:237-248.
    • (1980) Arch Toxicol , vol.43 , pp. 237-248
    • Henschler, D.1    Hoos, W.R.2    Fetz, H.3    Dollmeier, E.4    Metzler, M.5
  • 59
    • 0028929211 scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of renal cell tumors in a cohort of cardboard workers exposed to trichloroethylene
    • Henschler D, Vamvakas S, Lammert M, Dekant W, Kraus B, Tomas B, Ulm K (1995). Increased incidence of renal cell tumors in a cohort of cardboard workers exposed to trichloroethylene. Arch Toxicol 69:291-299
    • (1995) Arch Toxicol , vol.69 , pp. 291-299
    • Henschler, D.1    Vamvakas, S.2    Lammert, M.3    Dekant, W.4    Kraus, B.5    Tomas, B.6    Ulm, K.7
  • 60
    • 0029429522 scopus 로고
    • Dry cleaning, some chlorinated solvents and other industrial chemicals
    • IARC Lyon, France: IARC
    • IARC (1995). Dry Cleaning, Some Chlorinated Solvents and Other Industrial Chemicals. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans. Vol 63. Lyon, France: IARC.
    • (1995) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans , vol.63
  • 61
    • 2342521795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IOM Institute of Medicine Washington DC: National Academies Press
    • IOM (2003). Gulf War and Health. Vol 2. Insecticides and Solvents. Institute of Medicine. Washington DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2003) Gulf War and Health. Vol 2. Insecticides and Solvents
  • 65
    • 0028258949 scopus 로고
    • Enzymes induced by ethanol diferently afect the pharmacokinetics of trichloroethylene and 111-trichloroethane
    • Kaneko T, Wang PY, Sato A (1994). Enzymes induced by ethanol diferently afect the pharmacokinetics of trichloroethylene and 111-trichloroethane. Occup Environ Med 51:113-119.
    • (1994) Occup Environ Med , vol.51 , pp. 113-119
    • Kaneko, T.1    Wang, P.Y.2    Sato, A.3
  • 66
    • 0030670353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrapolation of in vitro enzyme induction data to humans in vivo
    • Kedderis GL (1997). Extrapolation of in vitro enzyme induction data to humans in vivo. Chem-Biol Interact 107:109-121.
    • (1997) Chem-Biol Interact , vol.107 , pp. 109-121
    • Kedderis, G.L.1
  • 67
    • 0032705945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured sedation program for magnetic resonance imaging examination in children
    • Keengwe IN, Hedge S, Dearlove O, Yates RW, Sharples A (1999). Structured sedation program for magnetic resonance imaging examination in children. Anesthesia 54:1069-1072.
    • (1999) Anesthesia , vol.54 , pp. 1069-1072
    • Keengwe, I.N.1    Hedge, S.2    Dearlove, O.3    Yates, R.W.4    Sharples, A.5
  • 70
    • 47849098044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infammation: Gearing the journey to cancer
    • Kundu JK, Surh YJ (2008). Infammation: Gearing the journey to cancer. Mutat Res 659:15-30.
    • (2008) Mutat Res , vol.659 , pp. 15-30
    • Kundu, J.K.1    Surh, Y.J.2
  • 71
    • 33749652922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological review of male reproductive efects and trichloroethylene exposure: Assessing the relevance to human male reproductive health
    • Lamb JC, Hentz KL (2006). Toxicological review of male reproductive efects and trichloroethylene exposure: Assessing the relevance to human male reproductive health. Reprod Toxicol 22:557-563.
    • (2006) Reprod Toxicol , vol.22 , pp. 557-563
    • Lamb, J.C.1    Hentz, K.L.2
  • 73
    • 0033945538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modes of action of trichloroethylene for kidney tumorigenesis
    • Lash LH, Parker JC, Scott CS (2000b). Modes of action of trichloroethylene for kidney tumorigenesis. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2):225-240.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 225-240
    • Lash, L.H.1    Parker, J.C.2    Scott, C.S.3
  • 74
    • 0037087716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal and hepatic toxicity of trichloroethylene and glutathione-derived metabolites in rats and mice: Sex-, species-, and tissue-dependent diferences
    • Lash LH, Qian W, Putt DA, Hueni SE, Elfarra AA, Krause RJ, Parker JC (2001). Renal and hepatic toxicity of trichloroethylene and glutathione-derived metabolites in rats and mice: Sex-, species-, and tissue-dependent diferences. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 179:163-171.
    • (2001) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.179 , pp. 163-171
    • Lash, L.H.1    Qian, W.2    Putt, D.A.3    Hueni, S.E.4    Elfarra, A.A.5    Krause, R.J.6    Parker, J.C.7
  • 75
    • 0030880918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissimilar characteristics of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-initiated foci and tumors promoted by dichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice
    • Latendresse JR, Pereira MA (1997). Dissimilar characteristics of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-initiated foci and tumors promoted by dichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol Pathol 25:433-440.
    • (1997) Toxicol Pathol , vol.25 , pp. 433-440
    • Latendresse, J.R.1    Pereira, M.A.2
  • 76
    • 4444347319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the peroxisomal proliferators-activated receptor α (PPRAα) in responses to trichloroethylene and metabolites trichloroacetate and dichloracetetate in mouse liver
    • Laughter AR, Dunn CS, Swanson CL, Howroyd P, Cattley RC, Corton JC (2004). Role of the peroxisomal proliferators-activated receptor α (PPRAα) in responses to trichloroethylene and metabolites trichloroacetate and dichloracetetate in mouse liver. Toxicology 203:83-98.
    • (2004) Toxicology , vol.203 , pp. 83-98
    • Laughter, A.R.1    Dunn, C.S.2    Swanson, C.L.3    Howroyd, P.4    Cattley, R.C.5    Corton, J.C.6
  • 77
    • 23044521706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the carcinogenic potential of trichloroethylene in humans
    • Lavin AL, Jacobson CF, DeSesso JM (2000). An assessment of the carcinogenic potential of trichloroethylene in humans. Human Ecol Risk Assess 6:575-641.
    • (2000) Human Ecol Risk Assess , vol.6 , pp. 575-641
    • Lavin, A.L.1    Jacobson, C.F.2    Desesso, J.M.3
  • 78
    • 0030220584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of presystemic elimination of trichloroethylene and its nonlinear kinetics in rats
    • Lee KM, Bruckner JV, Muralidhara S, Gallo JM (1996). Characterization of presystemic elimination of trichloroethylene and its nonlinear kinetics in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 139:262-271.
    • (1996) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.139 , pp. 262-271
    • Lee, K.M.1    Bruckner, J.V.2    Muralidhara, S.3    Gallo, J.M.4
  • 79
    • 0034177241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of the dose-dependent kinetics of trichloroethylene Oral bolus dosing of rats
    • Lee KM, Muralidhara S, White CA, Bruckner JV (2000). Mechanisms of the dose-dependent kinetics of trichloroethylene. Oral bolus dosing of rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 164:55-64.
    • (2000) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.164 , pp. 55-64
    • Lee, K.M.1    Muralidhara, S.2    White, C.A.3    Bruckner, J.V.4
  • 80
    • 0037734191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mortality odds ratio of male liver cancer in a community contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater
    • Lee LJ, Chung CW, Ma YC, Wang GS, Chen PC, Hwayn YH, Wang JD (2003). Increased mortality odds ratio of male liver cancer in a community contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater. Occup Environ Med 60:364-369.
    • (2003) Occup Environ Med , vol.60 , pp. 364-369
    • Lee, L.J.1    Chung, C.W.2    Ma, Y.C.3    Wang, G.S.4    Chen, P.C.5    Hwayn, Y.H.6    Wang, J.D.7
  • 81
    • 39549117779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative evaluation of dichloroacetic acid kinetics in human-A physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling investigation
    • Li T, Schultz I, Keys, UA, Campbell JL, Fisher JW (2008). Quantitative evaluation of dichloroacetic acid kinetics in human-A physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling investigation. Toxicology 245:35-48.
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.245 , pp. 35-48
    • Li, T.1    Schultz, I.2    Keys, U.A.3    Campbell, J.L.4    Fisher, J.W.5
  • 82
    • 0345791469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te impact of cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent metabolic variance on a risk-relevant pharmacokinetic outcome in humans
    • Lipscomb JC, Teuschler LK, Swartout J, Popken D, Cox T, Kedderis GL (2003). Te impact of cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent metabolic variance on a risk-relevant pharmacokinetic outcome in humans. Risk Anal 23:1221-1238.
    • (2003) Risk Anal , vol.23 , pp. 1221-1238
    • Lipscomb, J.C.1    Teuschler, L.K.2    Swartout, J.3    Popken, D.4    Cox, T.5    Kedderis, G.L.6
  • 83
    • 33750499711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma
    • Lipworth L, Tarone RE, McLaughlin JK (2006). Te epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 176:2353-2358.
    • (2006) J Urol , vol.176 , pp. 2353-2358
    • Lipworth, L.1    Tarone, R.E.2    McLaughlin, J.K.3
  • 84
    • 70449087121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of presystemic elimination of trichloroethylene (TCE) in rats following environmentally relevant exposures
    • Liu Y, Bartlett MG, White CA, Muralidhara S, Bruckner JV (2009). Characterization of presystemic elimination of trichloroethylene (TCE) in rats following environmentally relevant exposures. Drug Metab Dispos 37:1-5.
    • (2009) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.37 , pp. 1-5
    • Liu, Y.1    Bartlett, M.G.2    White, C.A.3    Muralidhara, S.4    Bruckner, J.V.5
  • 85
    • 39149112232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of trichloroethylene in biological samples by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometery
    • Liu Y, Muralidhara S, Bruckner JV, Bartlett MG (2008). Determination of trichloroethylene in biological samples by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometery. J Chromatogr B 863:26-35.
    • (2008) J Chromatogr B , vol.863 , pp. 26-35
    • Liu, Y.1    Muralidhara, S.2    Bruckner, J.V.3    Bartlett, M.G.4
  • 86
    • 33744789211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichloroethylene: Mechanisms of renal toxicity and renal cancer and relevance to risk assessment
    • Lock EA, Reed CJ (2006). Trichloroethylene: Mechanisms of renal toxicity and renal cancer and relevance to risk assessment. Toxicol Sci 91:313-331.
    • (2006) Toxicol Sci , vol.91 , pp. 313-331
    • Lock, E.A.1    Reed, C.J.2
  • 87
    • 0036904141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle control and cell division: Implications for chemically induced carcinogenesis
    • Luch A (2002). Cell cycle control and cell division: Implications for chemically induced carcinogenesis. Chembiochem 3:506-516.
    • (2002) Chembiochem , vol.3 , pp. 506-516
    • Luch, A.1
  • 88
    • 0141569630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma binding of trichloroacetic acid in mice, rats and humans under cancer bioassay and environmental exposure conditions
    • Lumpkin MH, Bruckner JV, Campbell JL, Dallas CE, White, CA, Fisher JW (2003a). Plasma binding of trichloroacetic acid in mice, rats and humans under cancer bioassay and environmental exposure conditions. Drug Metab Dispos 31:1203-1207.
    • (2003) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.31 , pp. 1203-1207
    • Lumpkin, M.H.1    Bruckner, J.V.2    Campbell, J.L.3    Dallas, C.E.4    White, C.A.5    Fisher, J.W.6
  • 89
    • 5344233904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of species-specifc efects of plasma binding of trichloroacetic acid from trichloroethylene in mice, rats and humans
    • Lumpkin MH, Dallas CE, Bruckner JV, Fisher JW (2003b). Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of species-specifc efects of plasma binding of trichloroacetic acid from trichloroethylene in mice, rats and humans. Toxicologist 72:178.
    • (2003) Toxicologist , vol.72 , pp. 178
    • Lumpkin, M.H.1    Dallas, C.E.2    Bruckner, J.V.3    Fisher, J.W.4
  • 90
    • 0014176161 scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenic nitroso compounds
    • Magee PN, Barnes JM (1967). Carcinogenic nitroso compounds. Adv Cancer Res 10:163-246.
    • (1967) Adv Cancer Res , vol.10 , pp. 163-246
    • Magee, P.N.1    Barnes, J.M.2
  • 91
    • 33745212267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of renal cell transformation following exposure to trichloroethene in vivo and its metabolite S-(dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine in vitro
    • Mally A, Walker CL, Everitt JI, Dekant W, Vamvakas S (2006). Analysis of renal cell transformation following exposure to trichloroethene in vivo and its metabolite S-(dichlorovinyl)-l-cysteine in vitro. Toxicology 22:108-118.
    • (2006) Toxicology , vol.22 , pp. 108-118
    • Mally, A.1    Walker, C.L.2    Everitt, J.I.3    Dekant, W.4    Vamvakas, S.5
  • 92
    • 0023690866 scopus 로고
    • Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on trichloroethylene administered by inhalation to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss and B6C3F1 mice
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb30120.x
    • Maltoni C, Lefemine G, Cotti G, Perino G (1988). Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on trichloroethylene administered by inhalation to Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss and B6C3F1 mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 534:316-342. (Pubitemid 18205928)
    • (1988) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.534 , pp. 316-342
    • Maltoni, C.1    Lefemine, G.2    Cotti, G.3    Perino, G.4
  • 93
    • 0029968138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of occupational carbon tetrachloride toxicity by ethanol abuse
    • Manno M, Rezzadore M, Grossi M, Sbrana C (1996). Potentiation of occupational carbon tetrachloride toxicity by ethanol abuse. Hum Exp Toxicol 15:294-300.
    • (1996) Hum Exp Toxicol , vol.15 , pp. 294-300
    • Manno, M.1    Rezzadore, M.2    Grossi, M.3    Sbrana, C.4
  • 95
    • 0008697060 scopus 로고
    • 1
    • Jollow D, Kocsis J, Snyder R, Vainio H, eds. New York: Plenum Press
    • Miller JA, Miller EC (1977). Te concept of reactive electrophilic metabolites in chemical carcinogenesis: Recent results with aromatic amines safrole and afatoxin B1. In: Jollow D, Kocsis J, Snyder R, Vainio H, eds. Biological Reactive Metabolites: Formation Toxicity and Inactivation. New York: Plenum Press, 6-24.
    • (1977) Biological Reactive Metabolites: Formation Toxicity and Inactivation , pp. 6-24
    • Miller, J.A.1    Miller, E.C.2
  • 97
    • 33646180263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diferential susceptibility of mice humanized for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (alpha) to Wy-14643-induced liver tumorigenesis
    • Morimura K, Cheung C, Ward JM, Reddy JK, Gonzalez FJ (2006). Diferential susceptibility of mice humanized for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (alpha) to Wy-14643-induced liver tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 27:1074-1080.
    • (2006) Carcinogenesis , vol.27 , pp. 1074-1080
    • Morimura, K.1    Cheung, C.2    Ward, J.M.3    Reddy, J.K.4    Gonzalez, F.J.5
  • 98
    • 2442617250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te defense mechanisms in mammalian cells against oxidative damage in nucleic acids and their involvement in the suppression of mutagenesis and cell death
    • Nakabeppu Y, Tsuchimoto D, Furuichi M, Sakumi K (2004). Te defense mechanisms in mammalian cells against oxidative damage in nucleic acids and their involvement in the suppression of mutagenesis and cell death. Free Radic Res 38:423-429.
    • (2004) Free Radic Res , vol.38 , pp. 423-429
    • Nakabeppu, Y.1    Tsuchimoto, D.2    Furuichi, M.3    Sakumi, K.4
  • 99
    • 0023719057 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol-induced enhancement of trichloroethylene metabolism and hepatotoxicity: Diference from the efect of phenobarbital
    • Nakajima T, Okino T, Okuyama S, Kaneko T, Yonekura L, Sato A (1988). Ethanol-induced enhancement of trichloroethylene metabolism and hepatotoxicity: Diference from the efect of phenobarbital. Toxicol Applied Pharmacol 94:227-237.
    • (1988) Toxicol Applied Pharmacol , vol.94 , pp. 227-237
    • Nakajima, T.1    Okino, T.2    Okuyama, S.3    Kaneko, T.4    Yonekura, L.5    Sato, A.6
  • 105
    • 0026785626 scopus 로고
    • A mechanism for the development of Clara cell lesions in the mouse lung after exposure to trichloroethylene
    • Odum J, Foster JR, Green T (1992). A mechanism for the development of Clara cell lesions in the mouse lung after exposure to trichloroethylene. Chem-Biol Interact 83:135-153.
    • (1992) Chem-Biol Interact , vol.83 , pp. 135-153
    • Odum, J.1    Foster, J.R.2    Green, T.3
  • 106
    • 0029872439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promotion by dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea cancer in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice
    • Pereira MA, Phillips JB (1996). Promotion by dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea cancer in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice. Cancer Lett 102:133-141.
    • (1996) Cancer Lett , vol.102 , pp. 133-141
    • Pereira, M.A.1    Phillips, J.B.2
  • 107
    • 0021330404 scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds and their environmental signifcance
    • Preussmann R (1984). Carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds and their environmental signifcance. Naturwissenschaften 71:25-30.
    • (1984) Naturwissenschaften , vol.71 , pp. 25-30
    • Preussmann, R.1
  • 110
    • 0036801957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te level of 8-hydroxyguanine, an apparent repair product of oxidative DNA damage is higher in urine of cancer patients than in control subjects
    • Rozalski R, Gackowski D, Roszkowski K, Foksinski M, Olinski R (2002). Te level of 8-hydroxyguanine, an apparent repair product of oxidative DNA damage is higher in urine of cancer patients than in control subjects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prevent 11:1072-1075.
    • (2002) Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prevent , vol.11 , pp. 1072-1075
    • Rozalski, R.1    Gackowski, D.2    Roszkowski, K.3    Foksinski, M.4    Olinski, R.5
  • 111
    • 0036054892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose pharmacokinetics and oral bioavail-ability of dichloroacetate in naïve and GST-zeta-depleted rats
    • Saghir SA, Shultz IR (2002). Low-dose pharmacokinetics and oral bioavail-ability of dichloroacetate in naïve and GST-zeta-depleted rats. Environ Health Perspect 110:757-763.
    • (2002) Environ Health Perspect , vol.110 , pp. 757-763
    • Saghir, S.A.1    Shultz, I.R.2
  • 113
    • 0033566186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative toxicokinetics of chlorinated and brominated haloacetates in F344 rats
    • Schultz IR, Merdink JL, Gonzalez-Leon A, Bull RJ (1999). Comparative toxicokinetics of chlorinated and brominated haloacetates in F344 rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 158:103-114.
    • (1999) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.158 , pp. 103-114
    • Schultz, I.R.1    Merdink, J.L.2    Gonzalez-Leon, A.3    Bull, R.J.4
  • 114
    • 33748143825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichloroethylene cancer epidemiology: A consideration of selected issues
    • Scott CS, Chiu WA (2006). Trichloroethylene cancer epidemiology: A consideration of selected issues. Environ Health Perspect 114:1471-1478.
    • (2006) Environ Health Perspect , vol.114 , pp. 1471-1478
    • Scott, C.S.1    Chiu, W.A.2
  • 117
    • 0031009079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterohepatic recirculation of trichloroethanol glucuronide as a signifcant source of trichloroacetic acid Metabolites of trichloroethylene
    • Stenner RD, Merdink JL, Stevens DK, Springer DL, Bull RJ (1997). Enterohepatic recirculation of trichloroethanol glucuronide as a signifcant source of trichloroacetic acid. Metabolites of trichloroethylene. Drug Metab Dispos 25:529-535.
    • (1997) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.25 , pp. 529-535
    • Stenner, R.D.1    Merdink, J.L.2    Stevens, D.K.3    Springer, D.L.4    Bull, R.J.5
  • 118
    • 34447107458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased standardized incidence ratio of breast cancer in female electronics workers
    • Sung TI, Chen PC, Lee L J-H, YP, Hsieh GY, Wang JD (2007). Increased standardized incidence ratio of breast cancer in female electronics workers. BMC Public Health 7:102-108.
    • (2007) BMC Public Health , vol.7 , pp. 102-108
    • Sung, T.I.1    Chen, P.C.2    Lee, L.J.-H.3    Yp Hsieh, G.Y.4    Wang, J.D.5
  • 120
    • 0032616340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of trichloroethylene on DNA methylation and expression of early-intermediate protooncogenes in the liver of B6C3F1 mice
    • Tao L, Ge R, Xie M, Kramer PM, Pereira MA (1999). Efect of trichloroethylene on DNA methylation and expression of early-intermediate protooncogenes in the liver of B6C3F1 mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 13:231-237.
    • (1999) J Biochem Mol Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 231-237
    • Tao, L.1    Ge, R.2    Xie, M.3    Kramer, P.M.4    Pereira, M.A.5
  • 121
    • 0031879943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid on DNA methylation in liver and tumors of female B6C3F1 mice
    • Tao L, Kramer PM, Ge R, Pereira MA (1998). Efect of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid on DNA methylation in liver and tumors of female B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol Sci 43:139-144.
    • (1998) Toxicol Sci , vol.43 , pp. 139-144
    • Tao, L.1    Kramer, P.M.2    Ge, R.3    Pereira, M.A.4
  • 122
    • 1242338859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypomethylation of DNA and the insulin-like growth factor-II gene in dichloroacetic-and trichloroacetic acid-promoted mouse liver tumors
    • Tao L, Li Y, Kramer PM, Wang W, Pereira MA (2004). Hypomethylation of DNA and the insulin-like growth factor-II gene in dichloroacetic-and trichloroacetic acid-promoted mouse liver tumors. Toxicology 196:127-136.
    • (2004) Toxicology , vol.196 , pp. 127-136
    • Tao, L.1    Li, Y.2    Kramer, P.M.3    Wang, W.4    Pereira, M.A.5
  • 123
    • 0034071060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efect of trichloroethylene metabolites dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid on the methylation and expression of c-jun and c-myc protooncogenes in mouse liver: Prevention with methionine
    • Tao L, Yang S, Xie M, Kramer PM, Pereira MA (2000). Efect of trichloroethylene metabolites dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid on the methylation and expression of c-jun and c-myc protooncogenes in mouse liver: Prevention with methionine. Toxicol Sci 54:399-407.
    • (2000) Toxicol Sci , vol.54 , pp. 399-407
    • Tao, L.1    Yang, S.2    Xie, M.3    Kramer, P.M.4    Pereira, M.A.5
  • 124
    • 0032522741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione transferase zeta catalyzes the oxygenation of the carcinogen dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid
    • Tong Z, Board PG, Anders MW (1998). Glutathione transferase zeta catalyzes the oxygenation of the carcinogen dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid. Biochem J 331:371-374.
    • (1998) Biochem J , vol.331 , pp. 371-374
    • Tong, Z.1    Board, P.G.2    Anders, M.W.3
  • 126
    • 84874499392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological Review of Chloral Hydrate
    • USEPA EPA/635/R-00/006. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency
    • USEPA (2000). Toxicological Review of Chloral Hydrate: In support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). EPA/635/R-00/006. Washington, DC: US Environmental Protection Agency
    • (2000) In Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
  • 128
    • 30344443429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • USEPA EPA/630/P-03/001F. Washington DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum
    • USEPA (2005). Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. EPA/630/P-03/001F. Washington DC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum.
    • (2005) Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment
  • 129
    • 0029088322 scopus 로고
    • Chloral hydrate sedation of children undergoing CT and MR imaging: Safety as judged by American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines
    • Vade A, Sukhani R, Dolenga M, Habisohn-Schuck C (1995). Chloral hydrate sedation of children undergoing CT and MR imaging: Safety as judged by American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines. Am J Roentgenol 165:905-909.
    • (1995) Am J Roentgenol , vol.165 , pp. 905-909
    • Vade, A.1    Sukhani, R.2    Dolenga, M.3    Habisohn-Schuck, C.4
  • 131
    • 0032210675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotrans-formation of perchloroethylene: Dose-dependent excretion of trichloracetic acid, dichloroacetic acid and N-acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)-l- cysteine in rats and humans after inhalation
    • Volkel W, Friedewald M, Lederer E, Pahler A, Dekant W (1998). Biotrans-formation of perchloroethylene: Dose-dependent excretion of trichloracetic acid, dichloroacetic acid and N-acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)-l- cysteine in rats and humans after inhalation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 153:20-27.
    • (1998) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.153 , pp. 20-27
    • Volkel, W.1    Friedewald, M.2    Lederer, E.3    Pahler, A.4    Dekant, W.5
  • 132
    • 0037340724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tresholds of carcinogenicity in the ED01 study
    • Waddell WJ (2003). Tresholds of carcinogenicity in the ED01 study. Toxicol Sci 72:158-163.
    • (2003) Toxicol Sci , vol.72 , pp. 158-163
    • Waddell, W.J.1
  • 133
    • 0033773932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te efect of trichloroethylene metabolites trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate on peroxisome proliferation and DNA synthesis in cultured human hepatoctes
    • Walgren JE, Kurtz DT, McMillan JM (2000a). Te efect of trichloroethylene metabolites trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate on peroxisome proliferation and DNA synthesis in cultured human hepatoctes. Cell Biol Toxicol 16:257-273.
    • (2000) Cell Biol Toxicol , vol.16 , pp. 257-273
    • Walgren, J.E.1    Kurtz, D.T.2    McMillan, J.M.3
  • 134
    • 0034532156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of PPARα in human hepatocytes and activation by trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate
    • Walgren JE, Kurtz DT, McMillan JM (2000b). Expression of PPARα in human hepatocytes and activation by trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 108:116-132.
    • (2000) Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol , vol.108 , pp. 116-132
    • Walgren, J.E.1    Kurtz, D.T.2    McMillan, J.M.3
  • 135
    • 19944424450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of direct mutagenic activity of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate in cultured rat hepatocytes
    • Walgren JL, Kurtz DT, McMillan JM (2005). Lack of direct mutagenic activity of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicology 211:220-230.
    • (2005) Toxicology , vol.211 , pp. 220-230
    • Walgren, J.L.1    Kurtz, D.T.2    McMillan, J.M.3
  • 136
    • 0033920977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichloroethylene and cancer: Epidemiologic evidence
    • Wartenberg D, Reyner D, Scott CS (2000). Trichloroethylene and cancer: Epidemiologic evidence. Environ Health Perspect 108(Suppl 2): 161-176.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL 2 , pp. 161-176
    • Wartenberg, D.1    Reyner, D.2    Scott, C.S.3
  • 137
    • 0030042298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures to chloroform and trichloroethene from tap water
    • Weisel CP, Jo WK (1996). Ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures to chloroform and trichloroethene from tap water. Environ Health Perspect 104:48-51.
    • (1996) Environ Health Perspect , vol.104 , pp. 48-51
    • Weisel, C.P.1    Jo, W.K.2
  • 139
    • 0142154314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATM, ATR and DNA-PK: Initiators of the cellular genotoxic stress responses
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgg137
    • Yang J, Yu Y, Hamrick HE, Duerksen-Hughes PJ (2003). ATM, ATR and DNA-PK: Initiators of the cellular genotoxic stress responses. Carcinogenesis 24:1571-1580. (Pubitemid 37304662)
    • (2003) Carcinogenesis , vol.24 , Issue.10 , pp. 1571-1580
    • Yang, J.1    Yu, Y.2    Hamrick, H.E.3    Duerksen-Hughes, P.J.4
  • 140
    • 36949024511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Te PPARa-humanized mouse: A model to investigate species diferences in liver toxicity mediated by PPARa
    • Yang Q, Nagano T, Shah Y, Cheung C, Ito S, Gonzalez FJ (2008). Te PPARa-humanized mouse: A model to investigate species diferences in liver toxicity mediated by PPARa. Toxicol Sci 101:132-139.
    • (2008) Toxicol Sci , vol.101 , pp. 132-139
    • Yang, Q.1    Nagano, T.2    Shah, Y.3    Cheung, C.4    Ito, S.5    Gonzalez, F.J.6
  • 141
    • 26644438109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimated efects of solvents and mineral oils on cancer incidence and mortality in a cohort of aerospace workers
    • Zhao Y, Krishnadasan A, Kennedy N, Morgenstern H, Ritz B (2005). Estimated efects of solvents and mineral oils on cancer incidence and mortality in a cohort of aerospace workers. Am J Ind Med 48:249-256.
    • (2005) Am J Ind Med , vol.48 , pp. 249-256
    • Zhao, Y.1    Krishnadasan, A.2    Kennedy, N.3    Morgenstern, H.4    Ritz, B.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.