Inflammation and cancer

Nature

Volumn 420, Issue 6917, 2002, Pages 860-867

  Coussens, Lisa M ^a,b,c   Werb, Zena ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARCINOGENS; CELLS;

NEOPLASTIC PROCESS; TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT;

TUMORS;

CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

CANCER; MEDICINE;

ANGIOGENESIS; CANCER; CANCER GROWTH; CARCINOGENESIS; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATORY CELL; LEUKOCYTE ADHERENCE; METASTASIS; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; TISSUE REPAIR; WOUND HEALING;

ANIMALS; CHEMOKINES; CHRONIC DISEASE; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; LEUKOCYTES; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASMS; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC;

EID: 0037180757     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature01322     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. Balkwill, F. & Mantovani, A. Inflammation and cancer: Back to Virchow? Lancet 357, 539-545 (2001).
2. Dvorak, H. F. Tumors: Wounds that do not heal. Similarities between tumor stroma generation and wound healing. N. Engl. J. Med. 315, 1650-1659 (1986).
3. Dranoff, G. Tumour immunology: immune recognition and tumor protection. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14, 161-164 (2002).
4. Pardoll, D.M. Spinning molecular immunology into successful immunotherapy. Nature Rev. Immunol. 2, 227-238 (2002).
5. Chettibi, S. & Ferguson, M. W. J. in Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates (eds Gallin, J. I. & Snyderman, R.) 865-881 (Lipincott, Williams and Wilkinson, Philadelphia, 1999).
6. Rossi, D. & Zlotnik, A. The biology of chemokines and their receptors. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 18, 217-242 (2000).
7. Horney, B., Muller, A. Zlotnik, A. Chemokines: Agents for the immunotherapy of cancer? Nature Rev. Immunol. 2, 175-184 (2002).
8. Moustakas, A., Pardali, K., Gaal, A. & Heldin, C. H. Mechanisms of TGF-β signaling in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. Immunol. Lett. 82, 85-91 (2002).
9. Rous, P. & Kidd, J. Conditional neoplasms and subthreshold neoplastic states: A study of the tar tumors of rabbits. J. Exp. Med. 73, 365-389 (1941).
10. Mackenzie, I. C. & Rous, P. The experimental disclosure of latent neoplastic changes in tarred skin. J. Exp. Med. 73, 391-415 (1941).
11. Kuper, H., Adami, H. O. & Trichopoulos, D. Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer. J. Intern. Med. 248, 171-183 (2000).
12. Wahl, L. M. & Kleinman, H. K. Tumor-associated macrophages as targets for cancer therapy. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 90, 1583-1584 (1998).
13. Talmor, M. et al. Generation of large numbers of immature and mature dendritic cells from rat bone marrow cultures. Eur. J. Immunol. 28, 811-817 (1998).
14. Allavena, P. et al. The chemokine receptor switch paradigm and dendritic cell migration: its significance in tumor tissues. Immunol. Rev. 177, 141-149 (2000).
15. Brigati, C., Noonan, D. M., Albini, A. & Benelli, R. Tumors and inflammatory infiltrates: Friends or foes? Clin. Exp. Metastasis 19, 247-258 (2002).
16. Tsung, K., Dolan, J. P., Tsung, Y. L. & Norton, J. A. Macrophages as effector cells in interleukin 12-induced T cell-dependent tumor rejection. Cancer Res. 62, 5069-5075 (2002).
17. Schoppmann, S. et al. Tumor-associated macrophages express lymphatic endothelial growth factors and are related to peritumoral lymphangiogenesis. Am. J. Pathol. 161, 947-956 (2002).
18. Torisu, H. et al. Macrophage infiltration correlates with tumor stage and angiogenesis in human malignant melanoma: possible involvement of TNFα and IL-1α. Int. J. Cancer 85, 182-188 (2000).
19. Ono, M., Torisu, H., Fukushi, J., Nishie, A. & Kuwano, M. Biological implications of macrophage infiltration in human tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 43, S69-S71 (1999).
20. Jonjic, N. et al. Expression of adhesion molecules and chemotactic cytokines in cultured human mesothelial cells. J. Exp. Med. 176, 1165-1174 (1992).
21. Lin, E. Y., Nguyen, A. V., Russell, R. G. & Pollard, J. W. Colony-stimulating factor 1 promotes progression of mammary tumors to malignancy. J. Exp. Med. 193, 727-740 (2001).
22. Nowicki, A. et al. Impaired tumor growth in colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)-deficient, macrophage-deficient op/op mouse: Evidence for a role of CSF-1-dependent macrophages in formation of tumor stroma. Int. J. Cancer 65, 112-119 (1996).
23. DiCarlo, E. et al. The intriguing role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in antitumor reactions. Blood 97, 339-345 (2001).
24. Coussens, L. M. et al. Inflammatory mast cells up-regulate angiogenesis during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis. Genes Dev. 13, 1382-1397 (1999).
25. Coussens, L. M., Tinkle, C. L., Hanahan, D. & Werb, Z. MMP-9 supplied by bone marrow-derived cells contributes to skin carcinogenesis. Cell 103, 481-490 (2000).
26. Bergers, G. et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggers the angiogenic switch during carcinogenesis. Nature Cell Biol. 2, 737-744 (2000).
27. Blaser, M. J., Chyou, P. H. & Nomura, A. Age at establishment of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinoma, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer risk. Cancer Res. 55, 562-565 (1995).
28. Scholl, S. M. et al. Anti-colony-stimulating factor-1 antibody staining in primary breast adenocarcinomas correlates with marked inflammatory cell infiltrates and prognosis. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 86, 120-126 (1994).
29. Shacter, E. & Weitzman, S. A. Chronic inflammation and cancer. Oncology 16, 217-226 (2002).
30. Maeda, H. & Akaike, T Nitric oxide and oxygen radicals in infection, inflammation, and cancer. Biochemistry 63, 854-865 (1998).
31. Yamanishi, Y. et al. Regional analysis of p53 mutations in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 10025-10030 (2002).
32. Ernst, P. B. & Gold, B. D. The disease spectrum of Helicobacter pylori: The immunopathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 54, 615-640 (2000).
33. Hudson, J. D. et al. A proinflammatory cytokine inhibits p53 tumor suppressor activity. J. Exp. Med. 190, 1375-1382 (1999).
34. Jensen, U. B., Lowell, S. & Watt, F. M. The spatial relationship between stem cells and their progeny in the basal layer of human epidermis: A new view based on whole-mount labeling and lineage analysis. Development 126, 2409-2418 (1999).
35. Martins-Green, M., Boudreau, N. & Bissell, M. J. Inflammation is responsible for the development of wound-induced tumors in chickens infected with Rous sarcoma virus. Cancer Res. 54, 4334-4341 (1994).
36. Yoshida, T. et al. Activation of STAT3 by the hepatitis C virus core protein leads to cellular transformation. J. Exp. Med. 196, 641-653 (2002).
37. Bromberg, J. & Darnell, J. E. The role of STATs in transcriptional control and their impact on cellular function. Oncogene 19, 2468-2473 (2000).
38. Tebbutt, N. C. et al. Reciprocal regulation of gastrointestinal homeostasis by SHP2 and STAT-mediated trefoil gene activation in gpl30 mutant mice. Nature Med. 8, 1089-1097 (2002).
39. Mantovani, A., Muzio, M., Garlanda, C., Sozzani, S. & Allavena, P. Macrophage control of inflammation: Negative pathways of regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Novartis Found. Symp. 234, 120-131 (2001).
40. Richmond, A. & Thomas, H. Purification of melanoma growth stimulatory activity. J. Cell. Physiol. 129, 375-384 (1986).
41. Norgauer, J., Metzner, B. & Schraufstatter, I. Expression and growth-promoting function of the IL-8 receptor β in human melanoma cells. J. Immunol. 156, 1132-1137 (1996).
42. Balentien, E., Mufson, B. E., Shattuck, R. L., Derynck, R. & Richmond, A. Effects of MGSA/GRO alpha on melanocyte transformation. Oncogene 6, 1115-1124 (1991).
43. Owen, J. D. et al. Enhanced tumor-forming capacity for immortalized melanocytes expressing melanoma growth stimulatory activity/growth-regulated cytokine beta and gamma proteins. Int. J. Cancer 73, 94-103 (1997).
44. Vicari, A. P. & Caux, C. Chemokines in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13, 143-154 (2002).
45. Farrow, B. & Evers, B. M. Inflammation and the development of pancreatic cancer. Surg. Oncol. 10, 153-169 (2002).
46. Arenberg, D. A. et al. Epithelial-neutrophil activating peptide (ENA-78) is an important angiogenic factor in non-small cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Invest. 102, 465-472 (1998).
47. Kleeff, J. et al. Detection and localization of Mip-3α/LARC/Exodus, a macrophage proinflammatory chemokine, and its CCR6 receptor in human pancreatic cancer. Int. J. Cancer 81, 650-657 (1999).
48. Hanahan, D. & Weinberg, R. A. The hallmarks of cancer. Cell 100, 57-70 (2000).
49. Strieter, R. M. et al. The functional role of the ELR motif in CXC chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27348-27357 (1995).
50. Muller, A. et al. Involvement of chemokine receptors in breast cancer metastasis. Nature 410, 50-56 (2001).
51. Moore, M. A. The role of chemoattraction in cancer metastases. BioEssays 23, 674-676 (2001).
52. Kim, Y. J., Borsig, L, Varki, N. M. & Varki, A. P-selectin deficiency attenuates tumor growth and metastasis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 9325-9330 (1998).
53. Zhang, J et al. Sialyl Lewis X-dependent lung colonization of B16 melanoma cells through a selectin-like endothelial receptor distinct from E- or P-selectin. Cancer Res. 62, 4194-4198 (2002).
54. Borsig, L. et al. Heparin and cancer revisited: Mechanistic connections involving platelets, P-selectin, carcinoma mucins, and tumor metastasis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 3352-3357 (2001).
55. Borsig, L., Wong, R., Hynes, R. O., Varki, N. M. & Varki, A. Synergistic effects of L- and P-selectin in facilitating tumor metastasis can involve non-mucin ligands and implicate leukocytes as enhancers of metastasis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 2193-2198 (2002).
56. Qian, F., Hanahan, D. & Weissman, I. L. L-selectin can facilitate metastasis to lymph nodes in a transgenic mouse model of carcinogenesis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 3976-3981 (2001).
57. Baron, J. A. & Sandler, R. S. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer prevention. Annu. Rev. Med. 51, 511-523 (2000).
58. Garcia-Rodriguez, L. A. & Huerta-Alvarez, C. Reduced risk of colorectal cancer among long-term users of aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Epidemiology 12, 88-93 (2001).
59. Williams, C. S., Mann, M. & DuBois, R. N. The role of cyclooxygenases in inflammation, cancer, and development. Oncogene 18, 7908-7916 (1999).
60. Mamytbekova, A., Rezabek, K., Kacerovska, H., Grimova, J. & Svobodova, J. Antimetastatic effect of flurbiprofen and other platelet aggregation inhibitors. Neoplasma 33, 417-421 (1986).
61. Elder, D. J., Halton, D. E., Hague, A. & Paraskeva, C. Induction of apoptotic cell death in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines by a cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug: Independence from COX-2 protein expression. Clin. Cancer Res. 3, 1679-1683 (1997).
62. Balkwill, F. Tumor necrosis factor or tumor promoting factor? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13, 135-141 (2002).
63. Shanahan, J. C. & St. Clair, E. W. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade: A novel therapy for rheumatic disease. Clin. Immunol. 103, 231-242 (2002).
64. Egeblad, M. & Werb, Z. New functions for the matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression. Nature Rev. Cancer 2, 161-174 (2002).
65. Overall, C. M. & Lopez-Otin, C. Strategies for MMP inhibition in cancer: Innovations for the post-trial era. Nature Rev. Cancer 2, 657-672 (2002).
66. Coussens, L. M., Fingleton, B. & Matrisian, L. M. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors and cancer: Trials and tribulations. Science 295, 2387-2392 (2002).
67. Dalgleish, A. G. & O'Byrne, K. J. Chronic immune activation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of AIDS and cancer. Adv. Cancer Res. 84, 231-276 (2002).
68. Feiken, E., Romer, J., Eriksen, J. & Lund, L. R. Neutrophils express tumor necrosis factor-alpha during mouse skin wound healing. J. Invest. Dermatol. 105, 120-123 (1995).
69. Hubner, G. et al. Differential regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines during wound healing in normal and glucocorticoid-treated mice. Cytokine 8, 548-556 (1996).
70. Chedid, M., Rubin, J. S., Csaky, K. G. & Aaronson, S. A. Regulation of keratinocyte growth factor gene expression by interleukin 1. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 10753-10757 (1994).
71. Osusky, R., Malik, P. & Ryan, S. J. Retinal pigment epithelium cells promote the maturation of monocytes to macrophages in vitro. Ophthalmic Res. 29, 31-36 (1997).
72. DiPietro, L. Wound healing: The role of the macrophage and other immune cells. Shock 4, 233-240 (1995).
73. Fritsch, C., Simon-Assmann, P., Kedinger, M. & Evans, G. S. Cytokines modulate fibroblast phenotype and epithelial-stroma interactions in rat intestine. Gastroenterology 112, 826-838 (1997).
74. Grutzkau, A. et al. Synthesis, storage, and release of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) by human mast cells: Implications for the biological significance of VEGF206. Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 875-884 (1998).
75. Chensue, S. W., Ruth, J. H., Warmington, K., Lincoln, P. & Kunkel, S. L. In vivo regulation of macrophage IL-12 production during type 1 and type 2 cytokine-mediated granuloma formation. J. Immunol. 155, 3546-3551 (1995).
76. Romer, J. et al. Impaired wound healing in mice with a disrupted plasminogen gene. Nature Med. 2, 287-292 (1996).