메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 483-494

The DNA-damage response: New molecular insights and new approaches to cancer therapy

Author keywords

Cancer; Cancer therapy; Cell cycle; DNA damage; DNA repair

Indexed keywords

ATM PROTEIN; ATR PROTEIN; AZD 2281; BRCA1 PROTEIN; BRCA2 PROTEIN; DNA DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; KU 0059436; KU ANTIGEN; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; TRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 67749104769     PISSN: 03005127     EISSN: 14708752     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1042/BST0370483     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (110)
  • 3
    • 0037660900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of DNA breaks in genomic instability and tumorigenesis
    • Mills, K.D., Ferguson, D.O. and Alt, F.W. (2003) The role of DNA breaks in genomic instability and tumorigenesis. Immunol. Rev. 194, 77-95
    • (2003) Immunol. Rev , vol.194 , pp. 77-95
    • Mills, K.D.1    Ferguson, D.O.2    Alt, F.W.3
  • 4
    • 48249095920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-strand break repair and genetic disease
    • Caldecott, K.W. (2008) Single-strand break repair and genetic disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 9, 619-631
    • (2008) Nat. Rev. Genet , vol.9 , pp. 619-631
    • Caldecott, K.W.1
  • 5
    • 35548978945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2/M checkpoint on genomic instability and cancer induction
    • 2/M checkpoint on genomic instability and cancer induction. Nat. Rev. Cancer 7, 861-869
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.7 , pp. 861-869
    • Lobrich, M.1    Jeggo, P.A.2
  • 6
    • 0035093737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA double-strand breaks: Signaling, repair and the cancer connection
    • Khanna, K.K. and Jackson, S.P. (2001) DNA double-strand breaks: signaling, repair and the cancer connection. Nat. Genet. 27, 247-254
    • (2001) Nat. Genet , vol.27 , pp. 247-254
    • Khanna, K.K.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 7
    • 33845604556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA double-strand break repair: All's well that ends well
    • Wyman, C. and Kanaar, R. (2006) DNA double-strand break repair: all's well that ends well. Annu. Rev. Genet. 40, 363-383
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Genet , vol.40 , pp. 363-383
    • Wyman, C.1    Kanaar, R.2
  • 8
    • 0034707047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DNA damage response: Putting checkpoints in perspective
    • Zhou, B.-B.S. and Elledge, S.J. (2000) The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective. Nature 408, 433-439
    • (2000) Nature , vol.408 , pp. 433-439
    • Zhou, B.-B.S.1    Elledge, S.J.2
  • 9
    • 0037178748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interfaces between the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA damage
    • Rouse, J. and Jackson, S.P. (2002) Interfaces between the detection, signaling, and repair of DNA damage. Science 297, 547-551
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 547-551
    • Rouse, J.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 10
    • 38049155945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice
    • Shrivastav, M., De Haro, L.P. and Nickoloff, J.A. (2008) Regulation of DNA double-strand break repair pathway choice. Cell Res. 18, 134-147
    • (2008) Cell Res , vol.18 , pp. 134-147
    • Shrivastav, M.1    De Haro, L.P.2    Nickoloff, J.A.3
  • 11
    • 50649100744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of eukaryotic homologous recombination
    • San Filippo, J., Sung, P. and Klein, H. (2008) Mechanism of eukaryotic homologous recombination. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 77, 229-257
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Biochem , vol.77 , pp. 229-257
    • San Filippo, J.1    Sung, P.2    Klein, H.3
  • 12
    • 0021980039 scopus 로고
    • Double-stranded DNA induces the phosphorylation of several proteins including the 90 000 mol. wt. heat-shock protein in animal cell extracts
    • Walker, A.I., Hunt, T., Jackson, R.J. and Anderson, C.W. (1985) Double-stranded DNA induces the phosphorylation of several proteins including the 90 000 mol. wt. heat-shock protein in animal cell extracts. EMBO J. 4, 139-145
    • (1985) EMBO J , vol.4 , pp. 139-145
    • Walker, A.I.1    Hunt, T.2    Jackson, R.J.3    Anderson, C.W.4
  • 13
    • 0025037502 scopus 로고
    • GC box binding induces phosphorylation of Sp1 by a DNA-dependent protein kinase
    • Jackson, S.P., MacDonald, J.J., Lees-Miller, S. and Tjian, R. (1990) GC box binding induces phosphorylation of Sp1 by a DNA-dependent protein kinase. Cell 63, 155-165
    • (1990) Cell , vol.63 , pp. 155-165
    • Jackson, S.P.1    MacDonald, J.J.2    Lees-Miller, S.3    Tjian, R.4
  • 14
    • 0025224761 scopus 로고
    • Human cells contain a DNA-activated protein kinase that phosphorylates simian virus 40 T antigen, mouse p53, and the human Ku autoantigen
    • Lees-Miller, S.P., Chen, Y.-R. and Anderson, C.W. (1990) Human cells contain a DNA-activated protein kinase that phosphorylates simian virus 40 T antigen, mouse p53, and the human Ku autoantigen. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 6472-6481
    • (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol , vol.10 , pp. 6472-6481
    • Lees-Miller, S.P.1    Chen, Y.-R.2    Anderson, C.W.3
  • 15
    • 0025201179 scopus 로고
    • A DNA-activated protein kinase from HeLa cell nuclei
    • Carter, T., Vancurova, I., Sun, I., Lou, W. and Deleon, S. (1990) A DNA-activated protein kinase from HeLa cell nuclei. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 6460-6471
    • (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol , vol.10 , pp. 6460-6471
    • Carter, T.1    Vancurova, I.2    Sun, I.3    Lou, W.4    Deleon, S.5
  • 16
    • 0027397867 scopus 로고
    • The DNA-dependent protein kinase: Requirement for DNA ends and association with Ku antigen
    • Gottlieb, T.M. and Jackson, S.P. (1993) The DNA-dependent protein kinase: requirement for DNA ends and association with Ku antigen. Cell 72, 131-142
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 131-142
    • Gottlieb, T.M.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 17
    • 0027048773 scopus 로고
    • Ku autoantigen is the regulatory component of a template-associated protein kinase that phosphorylates RNA polymerase II
    • Dvir, A., Peterson, S.R., Knuth, M.W., Lu, H. and Dynan, W.S. (1992) Ku autoantigen is the regulatory component of a template-associated protein kinase that phosphorylates RNA polymerase II. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 11920-11924
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.89 , pp. 11920-11924
    • Dvir, A.1    Peterson, S.R.2    Knuth, M.W.3    Lu, H.4    Dynan, W.S.5
  • 18
    • 0024804442 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of Chinese hamster ovary mutants defective in DNA double strand break repair to topoisomerase II inhibitors
    • Jeggo, P.A., Caldecott, K., Pidsley, S. and Banks, G.R. (1989) Sensitivity of Chinese hamster ovary mutants defective in DNA double strand break repair to topoisomerase II inhibitors. Cancer Res. 49, 7057-7063
    • (1989) Cancer Res , vol.49 , pp. 7057-7063
    • Jeggo, P.A.1    Caldecott, K.2    Pidsley, S.3    Banks, G.R.4
  • 19
    • 0027156278 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of V(D)J recombination in double-strand break repair mutants
    • Taccioli, G.E., Rathbun, G., Oltz, E., Stamato, T., Jeggo, P.A. and Alt, F.W. (1993) Impairment of V(D)J recombination in double-strand break repair mutants. Science 260, 207-210
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 207-210
    • Taccioli, G.E.1    Rathbun, G.2    Oltz, E.3    Stamato, T.4    Jeggo, P.A.5    Alt, F.W.6
  • 21
    • 0028897304 scopus 로고
    • DNA-dependent protein kinase activity is absent in xrs-6 cells: Implications for site-specific recombination and DNA double-strand break repair
    • Finnie, N.J., Gottlieb, T.M., Blunt, T., Jeggo, P.A. and Jackson, S.P. (1995) DNA-dependent protein kinase activity is absent in xrs-6 cells: implications for site-specific recombination and DNA double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 320-324
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.92 , pp. 320-324
    • Finnie, N.J.1    Gottlieb, T.M.2    Blunt, T.3    Jeggo, P.A.4    Jackson, S.P.5
  • 22
    • 0028363754 scopus 로고
    • Absence of a Ku-like DNA end-binding activity in the xrs double-strand DNA repair-deficient mutant
    • Getts, R.C. and Stamato, T.D. (1994) Absence of a Ku-like DNA end-binding activity in the xrs double-strand DNA repair-deficient mutant. J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15981-15984
    • (1994) J. Biol. Chem , vol.269 , pp. 15981-15984
    • Getts, R.C.1    Stamato, T.D.2
  • 23
    • 0027966126 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the Ku autoantigen in the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks
    • Rathmell, W.K. and Chu, G. (1994) Involvement of the Ku autoantigen in the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 7623-7627
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.91 , pp. 7623-7627
    • Rathmell, W.K.1    Chu, G.2
  • 25
    • 0028902932 scopus 로고
    • Loss of the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase in DNA double-strand break repair mutant mammalian cells
    • Peterson, S.R., Kurimasa, A., Oshimura, M., Dynan, W.S., Bradbury, E.M. and Chen, D.J. (1995) Loss of the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase in DNA double-strand break repair mutant mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 3171-3174
    • (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.92 , pp. 3171-3174
    • Peterson, S.R.1    Kurimasa, A.2    Oshimura, M.3    Dynan, W.S.4    Bradbury, E.M.5    Chen, D.J.6
  • 26
    • 0028112944 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of X-ray resistance and V(D)J recombination in mutant cells by Ku cDNA
    • Smider, V., Rathmell, W.K., Lieber, M.R. and Chu, G. (1994) Restoration of X-ray resistance and V(D)J recombination in mutant cells by Ku cDNA. Science 266, 288-291
    • (1994) Science , vol.266 , pp. 288-291
    • Smider, V.1    Rathmell, W.K.2    Lieber, M.R.3    Chu, G.4
  • 27
    • 0029395076 scopus 로고
    • Menage à trois: Double-strand break repair, V(D)J recombination and DNA-PK
    • Jeggo, P.A., Taccioli, G.E. and Jackson, S.P. (1995) Menage à trois: double-strand break repair, V(D)J recombination and DNA-PK. BioEssays 17, 949-957
    • (1995) BioEssays , vol.17 , pp. 949-957
    • Jeggo, P.A.1    Taccioli, G.E.2    Jackson, S.P.3
  • 28
    • 0031059531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tying loose ends: Roles of Ku and DNA-dependent protein kinase in the repair of double-strand breaks
    • Lieber, M.R., Grawunder, U., Wu, X. and Yaneva, M. (1997) Tying loose ends: roles of Ku and DNA-dependent protein kinase in the repair of double-strand breaks. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 7, 99-104
    • (1997) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev , vol.7 , pp. 99-104
    • Lieber, M.R.1    Grawunder, U.2    Wu, X.3    Yaneva, M.4
  • 29
    • 0033560796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DNA-dependent protein kinase
    • Smith, G.C.M. and Jackson, S.P. (1999) The DNA-dependent protein kinase. Genes Dev. 13, 916-934
    • (1999) Genes Dev , vol.13 , pp. 916-934
    • Smith, G.C.M.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 32
    • 0029585872 scopus 로고
    • The XRCC4 gene encodes a novel protein involved in DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination
    • Li, Z., Otevrel, T., Gao, Y., Cheng, H.-L., Seed, B., Stamato, T.D., Taccioli, G.E. and Alt, F.W. (1995) The XRCC4 gene encodes a novel protein involved in DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination. Cell 83, 1079-1089
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 1079-1089
    • Li, Z.1    Otevrel, T.2    Gao, Y.3    Cheng, H.-L.4    Seed, B.5    Stamato, T.D.6    Taccioli, G.E.7    Alt, F.W.8
  • 33
    • 0030743386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of DNA ligase IV stimulated by complex formation with XRCC4 protein in mammalian cells
    • Grawunder, U., Wilm, M., Wu, X., Kulesza, P., Wilson, T.E., Mann, M. and Lieber, M.R. (1997) Activity of DNA ligase IV stimulated by complex formation with XRCC4 protein in mammalian cells. Nature 388, 492-495
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 492-495
    • Grawunder, U.1    Wilm, M.2    Wu, X.3    Kulesza, P.4    Wilson, T.E.5    Mann, M.6    Lieber, M.R.7
  • 34
    • 0031214080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian DNA double-strand break repair protein XRCC4 interacts with DNA ligase IV
    • Critchlow, S.E., Bowater, R.P. and Jackson, S.P. (1997) Mammalian DNA double-strand break repair protein XRCC4 interacts with DNA ligase IV. Curr. Biol. 7, 588-598
    • (1997) Curr. Biol , vol.7 , pp. 588-598
    • Critchlow, S.E.1    Bowater, R.P.2    Jackson, S.P.3
  • 35
    • 31044432090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XLF interacts with the XRCC4-DNA ligase IV complex to promote DNA nonhomologous end-joining
    • Ahnesorg, P., Smith, P. and Jackson, S.P. (2006) XLF interacts with the XRCC4-DNA ligase IV complex to promote DNA nonhomologous end-joining. Cell 124, 301-313
    • (2006) Cell , vol.124 , pp. 301-313
    • Ahnesorg, P.1    Smith, P.2    Jackson, S.P.3
  • 39
    • 0035313706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA-PK, ATM and ATR as sensors of DNA damage: Variations on a theme?
    • Durocher, D. and Jackson, S.P. (2001) DNA-PK, ATM and ATR as sensors of DNA damage: variations on a theme? Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13, 225-231
    • (2001) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol , vol.13 , pp. 225-231
    • Durocher, D.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 40
    • 0035449355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases
    • Abraham, R.T. (2001) Cell cycle checkpoint signaling through the ATM and ATR kinases. Genes Dev. 15, 2177-2196
    • (2001) Genes Dev , vol.15 , pp. 2177-2196
    • Abraham, R.T.1
  • 41
    • 0028800996 scopus 로고
    • PIK-related kinases: DNA repair, recombination, and cell cycle checkpoints
    • Keith, C.T. and Schreiber, S.L. (1995) PIK-related kinases: DNA repair, recombination, and cell cycle checkpoints. Science 270, 50-51
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 50-51
    • Keith, C.T.1    Schreiber, S.L.2
  • 43
    • 52449114574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxia-telangiectasia: From a rare disorder to a paradigm for cell signalling and cancer
    • Lavin, M.F. (2008) Ataxia-telangiectasia: from a rare disorder to a paradigm for cell signalling and cancer. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 9, 759-769
    • (2008) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol , vol.9 , pp. 759-769
    • Lavin, M.F.1
  • 44
    • 0037365789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATM and related protein kinases: Safeguarding genome integrity
    • Shiloh, Y. (2003) ATM and related protein kinases: safeguarding genome integrity. Nat. Rev. Cancer 3, 155-168
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Cancer , vol.3 , pp. 155-168
    • Shiloh, Y.1
  • 45
    • 1842431822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct activation of the ATM protein kinase by the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex
    • Lee, J.H. and Paull, T.T. (2004) Direct activation of the ATM protein kinase by the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex. Science 304, 93-96
    • (2004) Science , vol.304 , pp. 93-96
    • Lee, J.H.1    Paull, T.T.2
  • 46
  • 47
    • 17644409069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATM activation by DNA double-strand breaks through the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex
    • Lee, J.H. and Paull, T.T. (2005) ATM activation by DNA double-strand breaks through the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex. Science 308, 551-554
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 551-554
    • Lee, J.H.1    Paull, T.T.2
  • 48
    • 20744436198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATM activation and its recruitment to damaged DNA require binding to the C terminus of Nbs1
    • You, Z., Chahwan, C., Bailis, J., Hunter, T. and Russell, P. (2005) ATM activation and its recruitment to damaged DNA require binding to the C terminus of Nbs1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 5363-5379
    • (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol , vol.25 , pp. 5363-5379
    • You, Z.1    Chahwan, C.2    Bailis, J.3    Hunter, T.4    Russell, P.5
  • 49
    • 15844394846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved modes of recruitment of ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs to sites of DNA damage
    • Falck, J., Coates, J. and Jackson, S.P. (2005) Conserved modes of recruitment of ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs to sites of DNA damage. Nature 434, 605-611
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 605-611
    • Falck, J.1    Coates, J.2    Jackson, S.P.3
  • 50
    • 0033198709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of protein-protein interactions within the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex
    • Gell, D. and Jackson, S.P. (1999) Mapping of protein-protein interactions within the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex. Nucleic Acids Res. 27, 3494-3502
    • (1999) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.27 , pp. 3494-3502
    • Gell, D.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 51
    • 0032933430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the C-terminus of Ku80 with the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
    • Singleton, B.K., Taccioli, G.E., Rottinghaus, S. and Jeggo, P.A. (1999) Interaction of the C-terminus of Ku80 with the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 3267-3277
    • (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol , vol.19 , pp. 3267-3277
    • Singleton, B.K.1    Taccioli, G.E.2    Rottinghaus, S.3    Jeggo, P.A.4
  • 52
    • 33745058037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-step activation of ATM by DNA and the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex
    • Dupré, A., Boyer-Chatenet, L. and Gautier, J. (2006) Two-step activation of ATM by DNA and the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 13, 451-457
    • (2006) Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol , vol.13 , pp. 451-457
    • Dupré, A.1    Boyer-Chatenet, L.2    Gautier, J.3
  • 53
    • 0037472924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage activates ATM through intermolecular autophosphorylation and dimer dissociation
    • Bakkenist, C.J. and Kastan, M.B. (2003) DNA damage activates ATM through intermolecular autophosphorylation and dimer dissociation. Nature 421, 499-506
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 499-506
    • Bakkenist, C.J.1    Kastan, M.B.2
  • 58
    • 9244229490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • cDNA cloning and gene mapping of a candidate human cell cycle checkpoint protein
    • Cimprich, K.A., Shin, T.B., Keith, C.T. and Schreiber, S.L. (1996) cDNA cloning and gene mapping of a candidate human cell cycle checkpoint protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 2850-2855
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.93 , pp. 2850-2855
    • Cimprich, K.A.1    Shin, T.B.2    Keith, C.T.3    Schreiber, S.L.4
  • 59
    • 0032472330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Over expression of a kinase-inactive ATR protein causes sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents and defects in cell cycle checkpoints
    • Cliby, W.A., Roberts, C.J., Cimprich, K.A., Stringer, C.M., Lamb, J.R., Schreiber, S.L. and Friend, S.H. (1998) Over expression of a kinase-inactive ATR protein causes sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents and defects in cell cycle checkpoints. EMBO J. 17, 159-169
    • (1998) EMBO J , vol.17 , pp. 159-169
    • Cliby, W.A.1    Roberts, C.J.2    Cimprich, K.A.3    Stringer, C.M.4    Lamb, J.R.5    Schreiber, S.L.6    Friend, S.H.7
  • 60
  • 61
    • 47749141560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATR: An essential regulator of genome integrity. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol
    • Cimprich, K.A. and Cortez, D. (2008) ATR: an essential regulator of genome integrity. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 9, 616-627
    • (2008) , vol.9 , pp. 616-627
    • Cimprich, K.A.1    Cortez, D.2
  • 62
    • 0035941021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATR and ATRIP: Partners in checkpoint signaling
    • Cortez, D., Guntuku, S., Qin, J. and Elledge, S.J. (2001) ATR and ATRIP: partners in checkpoint signaling. Science 294, 1713-1716
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 1713-1716
    • Cortez, D.1    Guntuku, S.2    Qin, J.3    Elledge, S.J.4
  • 63
    • 0037567268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensing DNA damage through ATRIP recognition of RPA-ssDNA complexes
    • Zou, L. and Elledge, S.J. (2003) Sensing DNA damage through ATRIP recognition of RPA-ssDNA complexes. Science 300, 1542-1548
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 1542-1548
    • Zou, L.1    Elledge, S.J.2
  • 65
    • 0034312277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for Atr in phosphorylation of Chk1 and cell cycle regulation in response to DNA replication blocks and UV-damaged DNA in Xenopus egg extracts
    • Guo, Z., Kumagai, A., Wang, S.X. and Dunphy, W.G. (2000) Requirement for Atr in phosphorylation of Chk1 and cell cycle regulation in response to DNA replication blocks and UV-damaged DNA in Xenopus egg extracts. Genes Dev. 14, 2745-2756
    • (2000) Genes Dev , vol.14 , pp. 2745-2756
    • Guo, Z.1    Kumagai, A.2    Wang, S.X.3    Dunphy, W.G.4
  • 68
    • 0345073699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A splicing mutation affecting expression of ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) results in Seckel syndrome
    • O'Driscoll, M., Ruiz-Perez, V.L., Woods, C.G., Jeggo, P.A. and Goodship, J.A. (2003) A splicing mutation affecting expression of ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) results in Seckel syndrome. Nat. Genet. 33, 497-501
    • (2003) Nat. Genet , vol.33 , pp. 497-501
    • O'Driscoll, M.1    Ruiz-Perez, V.L.2    Woods, C.G.3    Jeggo, P.A.4    Goodship, J.A.5
  • 70
    • 33646795891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recruitment of ATR to sites of ionising radiation-induced DNA damage requires ATM and components of the MRN protein complex
    • Adams, K.E., Medhurst, A.L., Dart, D.A. and Lakin, N.D. (2006) Recruitment of ATR to sites of ionising radiation-induced DNA damage requires ATM and components of the MRN protein complex. Oncogene 25, 3894-3904
    • (2006) Oncogene , vol.25 , pp. 3894-3904
    • Adams, K.E.1    Medhurst, A.L.2    Dart, D.A.3    Lakin, N.D.4
  • 72
    • 33646777679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid activation of ATR by ionizing radiation requires ATM and Mre11
    • Myers, J.S. and Cortez, D. (2006) Rapid activation of ATR by ionizing radiation requires ATM and Mre11. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 9346-9350
    • (2006) J. Biol. Chem , vol.281 , pp. 9346-9350
    • Myers, J.S.1    Cortez, D.2
  • 74
    • 53349162987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDK targets Sae2 to control DNA-end resection and homologous recombination
    • Huertas, P., Cortes-Ledesma, F., Sartori, A.A., Aguilera, A. and Jackson, S.P. (2008) CDK targets Sae2 to control DNA-end resection and homologous recombination. Nature 455, 689-692
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 689-692
    • Huertas, P.1    Cortes-Ledesma, F.2    Sartori, A.A.3    Aguilera, A.4    Jackson, S.P.5
  • 75
    • 66149114020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human CtIP mediates cell-cycle control of DNA-end resection and double-strand-break repair
    • Huertas, P. and Jackson, S.P. (2009) Human CtIP mediates cell-cycle control of DNA-end resection and double-strand-break repair. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 9558-9565
    • (2009) J. Biol. Chem , vol.284 , pp. 9558-9565
    • Huertas, P.1    Jackson, S.P.2
  • 76
    • 9244251125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer
    • Kastan, M.B. and Bartek, J. (2004) Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature 432, 316-323
    • (2004) Nature , vol.432 , pp. 316-323
    • Kastan, M.B.1    Bartek, J.2
  • 77
    • 0033152759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitive and noncompetitive inhibition of the DNA-dependent protein kinase
    • Izzard, R.A., Jackson, S.P. and Smith, G.C.M. (1999) Competitive and noncompetitive inhibition of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Cancer Res. 59, 2581-2586
    • (1999) Cancer Res , vol.59 , pp. 2581-2586
    • Izzard, R.A.1    Jackson, S.P.2    Smith, G.C.M.3
  • 78
    • 0032189483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase related kinases by the radiosensitizing agent wortmannin
    • Sarkaria, J.N., Tibbetts, R.S., Busby, E.C., Kennedy, A.P., Hill, D.E. and Abraham, R.T. (1998) Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase related kinases by the radiosensitizing agent wortmannin. Cancer Res. 58, 4375-4382
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 4375-4382
    • Sarkaria, J.N.1    Tibbetts, R.S.2    Busby, E.C.3    Kennedy, A.P.4    Hill, D.E.5    Abraham, R.T.6
  • 79
    • 0029803485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wortmannin is a potent inhibitor of DNA double strand break but not single strand break repair in Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Boulton, S., Kyle, S., Yalçintepe, L. and Durkacz, B.W. (1996) Wortmannin is a potent inhibitor of DNA double strand break but not single strand break repair in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Carcinogenesis 17, 2285-2290
    • (1996) Carcinogenesis , vol.17 , pp. 2285-2290
    • Boulton, S.1    Kyle, S.2    Yalçintepe, L.3    Durkacz, B.W.4
  • 80
    • 38048999665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two faces of p53: Aging and tumor suppression
    • Rodier, F., Campisi, J. and Bhaumik, D. (2007) Two faces of p53: aging and tumor suppression. Nucleic Acids Res. 35, 7475-7484
    • (2007) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.35 , pp. 7475-7484
    • Rodier, F.1    Campisi, J.2    Bhaumik, D.3
  • 81
    • 40449120350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An oncogene-induced DNA damage model for cancer development
    • Halazonetis, T.D., Gorgoulis, V.G. and Bartek, J. (2008) An oncogene-induced DNA damage model for cancer development. Science 319, 1352-1355
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 1352-1355
    • Halazonetis, T.D.1    Gorgoulis, V.G.2    Bartek, J.3
  • 83
    • 0141619287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiosensitization and DNA repair inhibition by the combined use of novel inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1
    • Veuger, S.J., Curtin, N.J., Richardson, C.J., Smith, G.C. and Durkacz, B.W. (2003) Radiosensitization and DNA repair inhibition by the combined use of novel inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Cancer Res. 63, 6008-6015
    • (2003) Cancer Res , vol.63 , pp. 6008-6015
    • Veuger, S.J.1    Curtin, N.J.2    Richardson, C.J.3    Smith, G.C.4    Durkacz, B.W.5
  • 85
    • 34247265530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyranone, thiopyranone, and pyridone inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related kinases: Structure-activity relationships for DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibition, and identification of the first potent and selective inhibitor of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase
    • Hollick, J.J., Rigoreau, L.J., Cano-Soumillac, C., Cockcroft, X., Curtin, N.J., Frigerio, M., Golding, B.T., Guiard, S., Hardcastle, I.R., Hickson, I. et al. (2007) Pyranone, thiopyranone, and pyridone inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase related kinases: structure-activity relationships for DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibition, and identification of the first potent and selective inhibitor of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase. J. Med. Chem. 50, 1958-1972
    • (2007) J. Med. Chem , vol.50 , pp. 1958-1972
    • Hollick, J.J.1    Rigoreau, L.J.2    Cano-Soumillac, C.3    Cockcroft, X.4    Curtin, N.J.5    Frigerio, M.6    Golding, B.T.7    Guiard, S.8    Hardcastle, I.R.9    Hickson, I.10
  • 87
    • 36949012288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted cancer therapies based on the inhibition of DNA strand break repair
    • O'Connor, M.J., Martin, N.M. and Smith, G.C. (2007) Targeted cancer therapies based on the inhibition of DNA strand break repair. Oncogene 26, 7816-7824
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , pp. 7816-7824
    • O'Connor, M.J.1    Martin, N.M.2    Smith, G.C.3
  • 88
    • 0033198919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reactions in the regulation of nuclear functions
    • D'Amours, D., Desnoyers, S., D'Silva, I. and Poirier, G.G. (1999) Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reactions in the regulation of nuclear functions. Biochem. J. 342, 249-268
    • (1999) Biochem. J , vol.342 , pp. 249-268
    • D'Amours, D.1    Desnoyers, S.2    D'Silva, I.3    Poirier, G.G.4
  • 89
    • 38449088040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diverse biological roles of mammalian PARPS, a small but powerful family of poly-ADP-ribose polymerases
    • Hassa, P.O. and Hottiger, M.O. (2008) The diverse biological roles of mammalian PARPS, a small but powerful family of poly-ADP-ribose polymerases. Front. Biosci. 13, 3046-3082
    • (2008) Front. Biosci , vol.13 , pp. 3046-3082
    • Hassa, P.O.1    Hottiger, M.O.2
  • 90
    • 0000102949 scopus 로고
    • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: A molecular nick-sensor
    • de Murcia, G. and Ménissier-de Murcia, J. (1994) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: a molecular nick-sensor. Trends Biochem. Sci. 19, 172-176
    • (1994) Trends Biochem. Sci , vol.19 , pp. 172-176
    • de Murcia, G.1    Ménissier-de Murcia, J.2
  • 92
    • 0037151051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1
    • Schreiber, V., Amé, J.C., Dollé, P., Schultz, I., Rinaldi, B., Fraulob, V., Ménissier-de Murcia, J. and de Murcia, G. (2002) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 (PARP-2) is required for efficient base excision DNA repair in association with PARP-1 and XRCC1. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 23028-23036
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem , vol.277 , pp. 23028-23036
    • Schreiber, V.1    Amé, J.C.2    Dollé, P.3    Schultz, I.4    Rinaldi, B.5    Fraulob, V.6    Ménissier-de Murcia, J.7    de Murcia, G.8
  • 97
    • 33947380240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current development of clinical inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in oncology
    • Ratnam, K. and Low, J.A. (2007) Current development of clinical inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in oncology. Clin. Cancer Res. 13, 1383-1388
    • (2007) Clin. Cancer Res , vol.13 , pp. 1383-1388
    • Ratnam, K.1    Low, J.A.2
  • 98
    • 34250377983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic potential of drugs to modulate DNA repair in cancer
    • Curtin, N. (2007) Therapeutic potential of drugs to modulate DNA repair in cancer. Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 11, 783-799
    • (2007) Expert Opin. Ther. Targets , vol.11 , pp. 783-799
    • Curtin, N.1
  • 99
  • 100
    • 0035099044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRCA2 is required for homology-directed repair of chromosomal breaks
    • Moynahan, M.E., Pierce, A.J. and Jasin, M. (2001) BRCA2 is required for homology-directed repair of chromosomal breaks. Mol. Cell 7, 263-272
    • (2001) Mol. Cell , vol.7 , pp. 263-272
    • Moynahan, M.E.1    Pierce, A.J.2    Jasin, M.3
  • 104
    • 28544433970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient deletion of normal Brca2-deficient intestinal epithelium by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition models potential prophylactic therapy
    • Hay, T., Jenkins, H., Sansom, O.J., Martin, N.M., Smith, G.C. and Clarke, A.R. (2005) Efficient deletion of normal Brca2-deficient intestinal epithelium by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition models potential prophylactic therapy. Cancer Res. 65, 10145-10148
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , pp. 10145-10148
    • Hay, T.1    Jenkins, H.2    Sansom, O.J.3    Martin, N.M.4    Smith, G.C.5    Clarke, A.R.6
  • 107
    • 34547187958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First in human phase I pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study of KU-0059436 (Ku), a small molecule inhibitor of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) in cancer patients (p), including BRCA1/2 mutation carriers
    • Yap, T.A., Boss, D.S., Fong, P.C., Roelvink, M., Tutt, A., Carmichael, J., O'Connor, M.J., Kaye, S.B., Schellens, J.H. and de Bono, J.S. (2007) First in human phase I pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study of KU-0059436 (Ku), a small molecule inhibitor of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) in cancer patients (p), including BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. J. Clin. Oncol. 25 (Suppl.), 3529
    • (2007) J. Clin. Oncol , vol.25 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 3529
    • Yap, T.A.1    Boss, D.S.2    Fong, P.C.3    Roelvink, M.4    Tutt, A.5    Carmichael, J.6    O'Connor, M.J.7    Kaye, S.B.8    Schellens, J.H.9    de Bono, J.S.10
  • 108
    • 55749096953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AZD2281 (KU-0059436), a PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) inhibitor with single agent anticancer activity in patients with BRCA deficient ovarian cancer: Results from a phase I study
    • Fong, P.C., Boss, D.S., Carden, C.P., Roelvink, M., De Greve, J., Gourley, C.M., Carmichael, J., De Bono, J.S., Schellens, J.H. and Kaye, S.B. (2008) AZD2281 (KU-0059436), a PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) inhibitor with single agent anticancer activity in patients with BRCA deficient ovarian cancer: results from a phase I study. J. Clin. Oncol. 26 (Suppl.), 5510
    • (2008) J. Clin. Oncol , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 5510
    • Fong, P.C.1    Boss, D.S.2    Carden, C.P.3    Roelvink, M.4    De Greve, J.5    Gourley, C.M.6    Carmichael, J.7    De Bono, J.S.8    Schellens, J.H.9    Kaye, S.B.10
  • 110
    • 55849136903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global protein stability profiling in mammalian cells
    • Yen, H.C., Xu, Q., Chou, D.M., Zhao, Z. and Elledge, S.J. (2008) Global protein stability profiling in mammalian cells. Science 322, 918-923
    • (2008) Science , vol.322 , pp. 918-923
    • Yen, H.C.1    Xu, Q.2    Chou, D.M.3    Zhao, Z.4    Elledge, S.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.