The C terminus of Ku80 activates the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 19, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 3267-3277

  Singleton, B K ^a   Torres Arzayus, M I ^b   Rottinghaus, S T ^c   Taccioli, G E ^b   Jeggo, P A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

^b BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN DERIVATIVE; PROTEIN KINASE;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA BINDING; ENZYME ACTIVATION; GENE DELETION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; NONHUMAN; POINT MUTATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN TARGETING;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0032933430     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.19.5.3267     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Biedermann, K. A., J. Sun, A. J. Giaccia, L. M. Tosto, and J. M. Brown. 1991. scid mutation in mice confers hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and a deficiency in DNA double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:1394-1397.
2. Blunt, T., N. J. Finnie, G. E. Taccioli, G. C. M. Smith, J. Demengeot, T. M. Gottlieb, R. Mizuta, A. J. Varghese, F. W. Alt, P. A. Jeggo, and S. P. Jackson. 1995. Defective DNA-dependent protein kinase activity is linked to V(D)J recombination and DNA repair defects associated with the murine scid mutation. Cell 80:813-823.
3. Bosma, G. C., R. P. Custer, and M. J. Bosma. 1983. A severe combined immunodeficiency mutation in the mouse. Nature 301:527-530.
4. Cao, Q. P., S. Pitt, J. Leszyk, and E. F. Baril. 1994. DNA-dependent ATPase from HeLa cells is related to human Ku autoantigen. Biochemistry 33:8548-8557.
5. Cary, R. B., F. Chen, Z. Shen, and D. J. Chen. 1998. A central region of Ku80 mediates interaction with Ku70 in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:974-979.
6. Chen, F., S. R. Peterson, M. D. Story, and D. J. Chen. 1996. Disruption of DNA-PK in Ku80 mutant xrs-6 and the implication in DNA double-strand break repair. Mutat. Res. 362:9-19.
7. Dvir, A., S. R. Peterson, M. W. Knuth, H. Lu, and W. S. Dynan. 1992. Ku autoantigen is the regulatory component of a template-associated protein kinase that phosphorylates RNA polymerase II. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:11920-11924.
8. Dynan, W. S., and S. Hoo. 1998. Interaction of Ku protein and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit with nucleic acids. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1551-1559.
9. Errami, A., V. Smider, W. K. Rathmeli, D. M. He, E. A. Hendrickson, M. Z. Zdzienicka, and G. Chu. 1996. Ku86 defines the genetic defect and restores X-ray resistance and V(D)J recombination to complementation group 5 hamster cell mutants. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:1519-1526.
10. Finnie, N. J., T. M. Gottlieb, T. Blunt, P. A. Jeggo, and S. P. Jackson. 1995. DNA-dependent protein-kinase activity is absent in xrs-6 cells - implications for site-specific recombination and DNA double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:320-324.
11. Fulop, G. M., and R. A. Phillips. 1990. The scid mutation in mice causes a general defect in DNA repair. Nature 374:479-482.
12. Gellert, M. 1997. Recent advances in understanding V(D)J recombination. Adv. Immunol. 64:39-64.
13. Getts, R. C., and T. D. Stamato. 1994. Absence of a Ku-like DNA end binding-activity in the xrs double-strand DNA repair-deficient mutant. J. Biol. Chem. 269:15981-15984.
14. Gottlieb, T. M., and S. P. Jackson. 1993. The DNA-dependent protein kinase: requirement of DNA ends and association with Ku antigen. Cell 72:131-142.
15. Hammarsten, O., and G. Chu. 1998. DNA-dependent protein kinase: DNA binding and activation in the absence of Ku. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:525-530.
16. Han, Z., C. Johnston, W. H. Reeves, T. Carter, J. H. Wyche, and E. A. Hendrickson. 1996. Characterization of a Ku86 variant protein that results in altered DNA binding and diminished DNA-dependent protein kinase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 271:14098-14104.
17. Hendrickson, E. A., X.-Q. Qin, E. A. Bump, D. G. Schatz, M. Oettinger, and D. T. Weaver. 1991. A link between double-strand break-related repair and V(D)J recombination: the scid mutation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 4061-4065.
18. Jackson, S. P., and P. A. Jeggo. 1995. DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination: involvement of DNA-PK. Trends Biochem. Sci. 20: 412-415.
19. Jeggo, P. A. 1997. DNA-PK: at the cross-roads of biochemistry and genetics. Mutat. Res. 384:1-14.
20. Jeggo, P. A., and R. Holliday. 1986. Azacytidine induced reactivation of a DNA repair gene in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:2944-2949.
21. Jeggo, P. A., and L. M. Kemp. 1983. X-ray sensitive mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Isolation and cross-sensitivity to other DNA damaging agents. Mutat. Res. 112:313-327.
22. Jeggo, P. A., and J. Smith-Ravin. 1989. Decreased stable transfection frequences of six X-ray-sensitive CHO strains, all members of the xrs complementation group. Mutat. Res. 218:75-86.
23. Jeggo, P. A., G. E. Taccioli, and S. P. Jackson. 1995. Menage à trois: double strand break repair, V(D)J recombination and DNA-PK. Bioessays 17:949-957.
24. Jin, S., and D. T. Weaver. 1997. Double-strand break repair by Ku70 requires heterodimerization with Ku80 and DNA binding functions. EMBO J. 16: 6874-6885.
25. Kunkel, T. A., J. D. Roberts, and R. A. Zakour. 1987. Rapid and efficient site specific mutagenesis without phenotypic selection. Methods Enzymol. 154: 367-368.
26. Lieber, M. R., J. E. Hesse, S. Lewis, G. C. Bosnia, N. Rosenberg, K. Mizuuchi, M. J. Bosma, and M. Gellert. 1988. The defect in murine severe combined immune deficiency: joining of signal sequences but not coding segments in V(D)J recombination. Cell 55:7-16.
27. Lin, J. D., M. C. Muhlmann-Diaz, M. A. Stackhouse, J. F. Robinson, G. E. Taccioli, D. J. Chen, and J. S. Bedford. 1997. An ionizing radiation sensitive mutant cell line: irs-20. IV. Genetic complementation, V(D)J recombination, and the SCID phenotype. Radiat. Res. 147:166-171.
28. Mimori, T., Y. Ohosone, N. Hama, A. Suwa, M. Akizuki, M. Homma, A. J. Griffith, and J. A. Hardin. 1990. Isolation and characterization of cDNA encoding the 80-kDa subunit protein of the human autoantigen Ku (p70/ p80) recognized by autoantibodies from patients with scleroderma-polymyositis overlap syndrome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:1777-1781.
29. Mizuta, R., G. E. Taccioli, and F. W. Alt. 1996. The V(D)J recombination defect in the xrs-6 cell line results from a point mutation in the Ku80 gene. Int. Immunol. 8:1467-1471.
30. Muller, C., and B. Salles. 1997. Regulation of DNA-dependent protein kinase activity in leukemic cells. Oncogene 15:2343-2348.
31. Nussenzweig, A., C. Chen, V. da Costa Soares, M. Sanchez, K. Sokol, M. C. Nussenzweig, and G. C. Li. 1996. Requirement for Ku80 in growth and immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination. Nature 382:551-555.
32. Osipovich, O., S. K. Durum, and K. Muegge. 1997. Defining the minimal domain of Ku80 for interaction with Ku70. J. Biol. Chem. 272:27259-27265.
33. Paillard, S., and F. Strauss. 1993. Site-specific proteolytic cleavage of Ku protein bound to DNA. Proteins Struct. Funct. Genet. 15:330-337.
34. Pergola, F., M. Z. Zdzienicka, and M. R. Lieber. 1993. V(D)J recombination in mammalian cell mutants defective in DNA double strand break repair. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:3464-3471.
35. Peterson, S. R., A. Kurimasa, M. Oshimura, W. S. Dynan, E. M. Bradbury, and D. J. Chen. 1995. Loss of the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase in DNA double-strand-break-repair mutant mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:3171-3174.
36. Priestley, A., H. J. Beamish, O. Gell, A. G. Amatucci, M. C. Muhlmann-Diaz, B. K. Singleton, G. C. M. Smith, T. Blunt, L. C. Schalkwyk, J. S. Bedford, S. P. Jackson, P. A. Jeggo, and G. E. Taccioli. 1998. Molecular and biochemical characterisation of DNA dependent protein kinase defective rodent mutant, irs-20. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1965-1973.
37. Reeves, W. H., and Z. M. Sthoeger. 1989. Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding the p70 (Ku) lupus autoantigen. J. Biol. Chem. 264:5047-5052.
38. Scholer, H., A. Haslinger, A. Heguy, H. Holtgreve, and M. Karin. 1986. In vivo competition between a metallothionein regulatory element and the SV40 enhancer. Science 232:76-80.
39. Singleton, B. K., A. Priestley, D. Gell, T. Blunt, S. P. Jackson, A. R. Lehmann, and P. A. Jeggo. 1997. Molecular and biochemical characterisation of mutants defective in Ku80. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:1264-1273.
40. 39a. Singleton, B. K., P. A. Jeggo, D. Gell, and S. P. Jackson. Unpublished data.
41. Taccioli, G. E., H.-L. Cheng, A. J. Varghese, G. Whitmore, and F. W. Alt. 1994. A DNA repair defect in Chinese hamster ovary cells affects V(D)J recombination similarly to the murine scid mutation. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 7439-7442.
42. Taccioli, G. E., T. M. Gottlieb, T. Blunt, A. Priestley, J. Demengeot, R. Mizuta, A. R. Lehmann, F. W. Alt, S. P. Jackson, and P. A. Jeggo. 1994. Ku80: product of the XRCC5 gene. Role in DNA repair and V(D)J recombination. Science 265:1442-1445.
43. Taccioli, G. E., G. Rathbun, E. Oltz, T. Stamalo, P. A. Jeggo, and F. W. Alt. 1993. Impairment of V(D)J recombination in double-strand break repair mutants. Science 260:207-210.
44. Taccioli, G. E., G. Rathbun, Y. Shinkai, E. M. Oltz, H. Cheng, G. Whitmore, T. Stamato, P. Jeggo, and F. W. Alt. 1992. Activities involved in V(D)J recombination. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 182:108-114.
45. Tuteja, N., R. Tuteja, A. Ochem, P. Taneja, R. K. Huang, L. Marusic, J. Q. Chen, J. W. Zhang, S. Wang, S. Pongor, and A. Falaschi. 1994. Human DNA helicase-II - a novel DNA unwinding enzyme identified as the Ku autoantigen. EMBO J. 13:4991-5001.
46. Wang, J., X. Dong, K. Myung, E. A. Hendrickson, and W. Reeves. 1998. Identification of two domains of the p70 Ku protein mediating dimerization with p80 and DNA binding. J. Biol. Chem. 273:842-848.
47. Wu, X., and M. R. Lieber. 1996. Protein-protein and protein-DNA interaction regions within the DNA end-binding protein Ku70-Ku86. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:5186-5193.
48. Yaneva, M., T. Kowalewski, and M. R. Leiber. 1997. Interaction of DNA-dependent protein kinase with DNA and with Ku: biochemical and atomic-force microscopy studies. EMBO J. 16:5098-5112.
49. Yaneva, M., J. Wen, A. Ayala, and R. Cook. 1989. cDNA-derived amino acid sequence of the 86-kDa subunit of the Ku antigen. J. Biol. Chem. 264:13407-13411.
50. Zhu, C. M., M. A. Bogue, D. S. Lim, P. Hasty, and D. B. Roth. 1996. Ku86-deficient mice exhibit severe combined immunodeficiency and defective processing of V(D)J recombination intermediates. Cell 86:379-389.