Inhibiting cytokines of the interleukin-12 family: Recent advances and novel challenges

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Volumn 56, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 145-160

  Vandenbroeck, Koen ^a   Alloza, Iraide ^a   Gadina, Massimo ^b   Matthys, Patrick ^c  

^a QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

^b Dept of Microbiology/Immunobiology ^*  (United Kingdom)

^c REGA INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIPORTER; AURANOFIN; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; CALCITRIOL; CATECHOLAMINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CURCUMIN; CYCLIC AMP; CYCLOPHILIN; CYCLOSPORIN A; CYTOKINE; GOLD; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 23; INTERLEUKIN 27; ISOPRENALINE; PARTHENOLIDE; PRASTERONE; PROSTAGLANDIN E2; PROTEIN P40; PROTEIN SUBUNIT; RETINOID; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; SALBUTAMOL; TERBUTALINE; TRICHOSTATIN A; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; VORINOSTAT;

ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DRUG IDENTIFICATION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG TARGETING; IMMUNOREGULATION; INFLAMMATION; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN PROCESSING; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TH1 CELL;

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERLEUKIN-12; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 1242263952     PISSN: 00223573     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1211/0022357022962     Document Type: Review

References (162)

1. Adorini, L., Pennar, G., Giarratana, N., Uskokovic, M. (2003) Tolerogenic dendritic cells induced by vitamin D receptor ligands enhance regulatory T cells inhibiting allograft rejection and autoimmune diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 227-233
2. + T cells. Nat. Immunol. 3: 549-557
3. 2, chains. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 22 (Suppl. 1): S115
4. Alloza, I., Martens, E., Hawthorne, S., Vandenbroeck, K. (2004) Crosslinking approach to affinity capture of protein complexes from chaotrope-solubilised cell lysates. Anal. Biochem. 324: 137-142
5. Bachetoni, A., D'Ambrosio, A., Mariani, P., Cortesini, R., Quintieri, F. (2002) Diltiazem impairs maturation and functions of human dendritic cells. Hum. Immunol. 64: 524-533
6. Bacon, C. M., Petricoin, E. F., Ortaldo, J. R., Rees, R. C., Larner, A. C., Johnston, J. A., O'Shea, J. J. (1995) Interleukin 12 induces tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT4 in human lymphocytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92: 7307-7311
7. Balashov, K. E., Smith, D. R., Khoury, S. J., Hafler, D. A., Weiner, H. L. (1997) Increased interleukin 12 production in progressive multiple sclerosis: induction by activated CD4(+) T cells via CD40 ligand. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 94: 599-603
8. Bareis, D. L., Manganiello, V. C., Hirata, F., Vaughan, M., Axelrod, J. (1983) Bradykinin stimulates phospholipid methylation, calcium influx, prostaglandin formation, and cAMP accumulation in human fibroblasts. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 80: 2514-2518
9. Barnes, P. J. (1995) Beta-adrenergic receptors and their regulation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 152: 838-860
10. Becher, B., Durell, B. G., Noelle, R. J. (2002) Experimental autoimmune encephalitis and inflammation in the absence of interleukin-12. J. Clin. Invest. 110: 493-497
11. 3 inhibits antigen-induced T cell activation. J. Immunol. 133: 1748-1754
12. Boirivant, M., Fuss, I. J., Ferroni, L., De Pascale, M., Strober, W. (2001) Oral administration of recombinant cholera toxin subunit B inhibits IL-12-modiated marine experimental (trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid) colitis. J. Immunol. 166: 3522-3532
13. Bonnotte, B., Pardoux, C., Bourhis, J. H., Caignard, A., Burdiles, A. M., Chehimi, J., MamiChouaib, F., Chouaib, S. (1996) Inhibition of the human allogeneic mixed lymphocyte response by cyclosporin A: relationship with the IL-12 pathway, Tissue Antigens 48: 265-270
14. Bosson, S., Kuenzig, M., Schwartz, S. I. (1985) Verapamil improves cardiac function and increases survival in canine E. coli endotoxin shock. Circ. Shock 16: 307-316
15. Braun, M. C., Kelsall, B. L. (2001) Regulation of interleukin-12 production by G-protein-coupled receptors. Microbes Infect. 3: 99-107
16. Braun, W., Kallen, J., Mikol, V., Walkinshaw, M. D., Wuthrich, K. (1995) 3-Dimensional structure and actions of immunosuppressants and their immunophilins. FASEB J. 9: 63-72
17. Braun, M. C., He, J., Wu, C. Y., Kelsall, B. L. (1999) Cholera toxin suppresses interleukin (IL)-12 production and IL-12 receptor β1 and β2 chain expression, J. Exp. Med. 189: 541 552
18. Bright, J. J., Du, C., Coon, M., Sriram, S., Klaus, S. K. (1998) Prevention of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis via inhibition of IL-12 signaling and IL-12-mediated Th1 differentiation: an effect of the novel anti-inflammatory drug lisofylline. J. Immunol. 161: 7015
19. Bright, J. J., Do, C., Sriram, S. (1999) Tyrphostin B42 inhibits IL-12-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Janus kinase-2 and prevents experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 162: 6255-6262
20. Brombacher, F., Kastelein, R. A., Alber, G. (2003) Novel IL-12 family members shed light on the orchestration of Th1 responses. Trends Immunol. 24: 207-212
21. Brunda, M. J., Luistro, L., Warrier, R. R., Wright, R. B., Hubbard, B. R., Murphy, M., Wolf, S. F., Gateley. M. K. (1993) Antitumor and antimetastatic activity of interleukin 12 against tumors. J. Exp. Med. 178: 1223
22. Caspi, R. R. (1998) 11-12 in autoimmunity. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 88: 4-13
23. Chelmicka-Schorr, E., Kwasniewski, M. N., Thomas. B. E., Arnason, B. G. (1989) The beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol suppresses experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. J. Neuroimmunol. 25: 203-207
24. Chen, Q., Ghilardi, N., Wang, H. Baker, T., Xie, M. H., Gurney, A., Grewal, I. S., de Sauvage, F. J. (2000) Development of Th1-type immune responses requires the type I cytokine receptor TCCR. Nature 407: 916-920
25. Chen, L. F., Fischle, W., Verdin, E., Greene, W. C. (2001) Duration of NF-κB action regulated by reversible acetylation. Science 293: 1653-1657
26. Chitwood, K. K., Heim-Duthoy, K. L. (1993) Immunosuppressive properties of calcium channel blockers. Pharmacotherapy 13: 447-454
27. Chua, A. O., Chizzonite, R.. Desai, B. B., Truitt, T. P.. Nunes, P., Minetti, L. J., Warriei, R. R., Presky, D. H., Levine, J. F.. Gately, M. K. (1994) Expression cloning of a human IL-12 receptor component. A new member of the cytokine receptor super-family with strong homology to gp130. J. Immunol. 153, 128-136
28. Chua, A. O., Wilkinson, V. L., Presky, D. H, Gubler, U. (1995) Cloning and characterization of a mouse IL-12 receptor-beta component. J. Immunol. 155: 4286-4294
29. Comabella, M., Balashov, K., Issazadch, S., Smith, D., Weiner, H. L., Khoury, S. J. (1998) Elevated interleukin-12 in progressive multiple sclerosis correlates with disease activity and is normalized by pulse cyclophosphamide therapy. J. Clin. Invest. 102: 671-678
30. Constantiescu, C. S., Ventura, E., Hilliard, B., Rostami, A. (1995) Effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor captopril on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 17: 471-491
31. Constantinescu, C. S., Goodman, D. B. P., Ventura, E. S. (1998) Captopril and lisinopril suppress production of interleukin-12 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunol. Lett. 62: 25-31
32. Coon, M. E., Diegel, M., Leshinsky, N., Klaus, S. J. (1999) Selective pharmacologic inhibition of murine and human IL-12-dependent Th1 differentiation and IL-12 signaling. J. Immunol. 163: 6567-6574
33. Correale, J., Olsson, T., Bjork, J., Smedegard, G., Hojeberg, B., Link, H. (1991) Sulfasalazine aggravates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and causes an increase in the number of autoreactive T-cells. J. Neuroimmunol. 34: 109-120
34. Cua, D. J., Sherlock, J., Chen, Y., Murphy, C. A., Joyce, B., Seymour, B., Lucian, L., To, W., Kwan, S., Churakova, T., Zurawski, S., Wiekowski, M., Lira, S. A., Gorman, D., Kastelein, R. A., Sedgwick, J. D. (2003) Interleukin-23 rather than interleukin-12 is the critical cytokine for autoimmune inflammation of the brain. Nature 421: 744-748
35. D'Agostino, P., Ferlazzo, V., Milano, S., La Rosa, M., Di Bella, G., Caruso, R., Barbera, C., Grimaudo, S., Tolomeo, M., Feo, S., Cillari, E. (2001) Anti-inflammatory effects of chemically modified tetracyclines by the inhibition of nitric oxide and interleukin-12 synthesis in J774 cell line. Int. Immunopharmacol. 1: 1765-1776
36. D'Ambrosio, D., Cippitelli, M., Cocciolo, M. G., Mazzeo, D., Di Lucia, P., Lang, R., Sinigaglia, F., Panina-Bordignon, P. (1998) Inhibition of IL-12 production by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Involvement of NF-κB downregulation in transcriptional repression of the p40 gene. J. Clin. Invest. 101: 252-262
37. D'Ambrosio, D., Bachetoni, A., Giacomini, E., Quaranta, M., Quintieri, F. (2001) Diltiazem downregulates IL-12 production by human dendritic cells. Transplant. Proc. 33: 236-239
38. + lymphocytes by inhibiting IL-12 production. J. Immunol. 160: 2231-2237
39. Delgado, M., Ganea, D. (1999) Vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide inhibit interleukin-12 production by regulating nuclear factor κB and Ets activation. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 31930-31940
40. Delgado, M., Abad, C., Martinez, C., Laceta, J., Gomariz, R. P. (2001) Vasoactive intestinal peptide prevents experimental arthritis by downregulating both autoimmune and inflammatory components of the disease. Nat. Med. 7: 563-568
41. De Luca, H. F., Schnoes, H. K. (1983) Vitamin D: recent advances. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52: 411-439
42. Devergne, O., Hummel, M., Koeppen, H., Le Beau, M. M., Nathanson, E. C., Kieff, E., Birkenbach, M. (1996) A novel interleukin-12 p40-related protein induced by latent Epstein-Barr virus infection in B lymphocytes. J. Virol. 70: 1143-1153
43. Devergne, O., Birkenbach, M., Kieff, E. (1997) Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 and the p35 subunit of interleukin 12 form a novel heterodimeric hematopoietin. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94: 12041-12046
44. Dong, C., Flavell, R. A. (2001) Th1 and Th2 cells. Curr. Opin. Hematol. 8: 47-51
45. Du, C., Khalil, M. W., Sriram, S. (2001) Administration of dehydroepiandrosterone suppresses experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in SJL/L mice. J. Immunol. 167: 7094-7101
46. Egi, H., Hayamizu, K., Kitayama, T., Ohmori, I., Okajima, M., Asahara, T. (2002) Downregulation of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-2 in heart allografts by pretransplant host treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and tacrolimus. Cytokine 18: 164-167
47. Elenkov, I. J., Papanicolaou, D. A., Wilder, R. L., Chrousos, G. P. (1996) Modulatory effects of glucocorticoids and catecholamines on human interleukin-12 and interleukin-10 production: clinical implications. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians 108: 374-381
48. Emerson, M. R., Orentas, D. M., Lynch, S. G., LeVine, S. M. (2002) Activation of histamine H-2 receptors ameliorates experimental allergic encephalcomyelitis. Neuroreport 13: 1407-1410
49. Farrar, J. D., Asnagli, H., Murphy, K. M. (2002) T helper subset development: roles of instruction, selection, and transcription. J. Clin. Invest. 109: 431-435
50. 2 inhibits the production of interleukin-12 in murine dendritic, cells through multiple signaling pathways. Eur. J. Immunol. 33: 889-898
51. Fox, F. E., Kubin, M., Cassin, M., Niu, Z. T., Hosoi, J., Torii, H., Granstein, R. D., Trinchieri, G., Rook. A. H. (1997) Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits proliferation and antigen presentation by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: effects on B7, interleukin-10 and interleukin-12. J. Invest. Dermatol. 108: 43-48
52. Gadina, M., Ferguson, P. R., Johnston, J. A. (2003) New interleukins are there any more? Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 16: 211-217
53. Gately, M. K., Desai, B. B., Wolitzky, A. G., Quinn, P. M., Dwyer, C. M., Podlaski, F. J., Familletti, P. C.. Sinigaglia, F., Chizonnite, R., Gubler, U. (1991) Regulation of human lymphocyte proliferation by a heterodimeric cytokine, IL-12 (cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor). J. Immunol. 147: 882-974
54. Glimcher, L. H. (2001) Lineage commitment in lymphocytes: controlling the immune response, J. Clin. Invest. 108: s25-s30
55. Gran, B., Zhang, G. X., Yu, S., Li, J., Chen, X. H., Ventura, E. S., Kamoun, M., Rostami, A. (2002) IL-12p35-deficient mice are susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: evidence for redundancy in the IL-12 system in the induction of central nervous system autoimmune demyelination. J. Immunol. 169: 7104-7110
56. Grohmann, U., Belladonna, M. L., Bianchi, R., Orabona, C., Ayroldi, E., Fioretti, M. C., Puccetti, P. (1998) IL-12 acts directly on DC to promote nuclear localization of NF-kappaB and primes DC for IL-12 production, Immunity 9: 315-323
57. Gubler, U., Preskey, D. H. (1996) Molecular biology ot interleukin-12 receptors. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. USA 795: 36
58. Gubler, U., Chun, A. O., Schoenhaut, D. S., Dwyer, C. M., McComas, W., Motyka, R., Nabavi, N., Wolitzky, A. G., Quinn, P. M., Familletti, P. C. (1991) Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 88: 4143-4147
59. 2 receptors results in cooperative regulation of cyclic AMP accumulation and protein kinase activity. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 8452-8460
60. Haskó, G., Szabó, C., Németh, Z. H., Salzman, A. L., Vizi, E. S. (1998) Stimulation of β-adrenoreceptors inhibits endotoxin-induced IL-12 production in normal and IL-10 deficient mice. J. Neuroimmunol. 88: 57-61
61. Haskó, G., Szabó, C., Németh, Z. H., Deitch, E. A. (2002a) Dopamine suppresses IL-12 p40 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages via a β-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanism. J. Neuroimmunol. 122: 34-39
62. Haskó, G., Deitch, E. A., Németh, Z. H., Kuhel, D. G., Szabó, C. (2002b) Inhibitors of ATP-binding cassette transporters suppress interleukin-12 p40 production and major histocompatibility complex II up-regulation in macrophages. J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 301: 103-110
63. Hehner, S. P., Heinrich, M., Bork, P. M., Vogt, M., Ratter, F., Lehmann, V., Schulze-Osthoff, K., Droge, W., Schmitz, M. L. (1998) Sesquiterpene lactones specifically inhibit activation of NF-κB by preventing the degradation of IκB-α, and IκB-β. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 1288-1297
64. Heremans, H., Dillen, C., Groenen, M., Matthys, P., Billiau, A. (1999) Role of endogenous interleukin-12 (IL-12) in induced and spontaneous relapses of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 10: 171-179
65. Huizinga, T. W., Dijkmans, B. A. C., van der Velde, E. A., van de Pouw Kraan, T. C. T. M., Verweij, C. L., Breedveld, F. C. (1996) An open study of pentoxyfylline and thalidomide as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 55: 833-836
66. Hwang, D., Fischer, N. H., Jang, B. C., Tak. H., Kim, J. K., Lee, W. (1996) Inhibition of the expression of inducible cyclooxygenase and proinflammatory cytokines by sesquiterpene lactones in macrophages correlates with the inhibition of MAP kinases. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Common. 226: 810-818
67. Iwata, K., Tomita, K., Sano, H., Fujii, Y., Yamasaki, A., Shimizu, E. (2002) Trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, down-regulatess interleukin-12 transcription in SV-40 transformed lung epithelial cells. Cell. Immunol. 218: 26-33
68. Jacobson, N. G., Szabo, S. J., Weber-Nordt, R. M., Zhong, Z., Schreiber, R. D., Darnell, J. E., Murphy, K. M. (1995) Interleukin 12 signaling in T helper type 1 (Th1) cells involves tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription Stat3 and Stat4. J. Exp. Med. 181: 1755-1762
69. Jeon, K. I., Jeong, J. Y., Jue, D. M. (2000) Thiol-reactive metal compounds inhibit NF-κB activation by blocking IκB kinase. J. Immunol. 164: 5981-5989
70. Kafar, S. S., Roy, D. (1994) Curcumin inhibits TPA induced expression of c-fos, c-jun and c-myc proto-oncogenes messenger RNAs in mouse skin, Cancer Lett. 87: 85
71. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Chung, W. J., Im, S.-Y., Hwang, S. Y., Kim, T. S. (1999a) Inhibition of interleukin-12 production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages by curcumin. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 384: 191-195
72. Kang, B. Y., Song, Y. J., Kim, K. M., Choe, Y. K., Hwang, S. Y., Kim, T. S. (1999b) Curcumin inhibits Th1 cytokine profile in CD4(+) T cells by suppressing interleukin-12 production in macrophages. Br. J. Pharmacol. 128: 380-384
73. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Im, S. Y., Hwang, S. Y., Kim, T. S. (1999c) Chloromethyl ketones inhibit interleukin-12 production in mouse macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Immunol. Lett. 70: 135-138
74. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Im, S. Y., Choe, Y. K., Kim, T. S. (1999d) Sulfasalazine prevents T-helper 1 immune response by suppressing interleukin-12 production inn macrophages. Imunology 98: 98-103
75. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Kim, S. H., Kang, S. N., Choe, Y. K., Kim, T. S. (2000a) Retinoid-mediated inhibition of interleukin-12 production in mouse macrophages suppresses Th1 cyrokine profile in CD4+ T cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 130: 581-586
76. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Kim, S. H., Ryu, S. Y., Kim, T. S. (2000b) Inhibition of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma production in immune cells by tanshinones from Salvia miltiorhizza. Immunopharmacology 49: 355-361
77. Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Kim, T. S. (2001) Inhibition of interleukin-12 production in lipolysaccharide-activated mouse macrophages by parthenolide, a predominant sesquiterpene lactone in Tanacetum parthenium: involvement of nuclear factor-κB. Immunol. Lett. 77: 159-163
78. 1pr, mice delays nephritis and intrarenal IFN-γ expression, and diminishes systemic pathology. J. Immunol. 170: 3915-3925
79. + T cells from the Th1 to the Th2 pathway. Br. J. Pharmacol. 134: 571-578
80. Kubin, M., Chow, J. M., Trinchieri, G. (1994) Differential regulation of interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1 beta production in human myeloid leukemia cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood 83: 1847-1855
81. la Sala, A., Ferrari, D., Corinti, S., Cavani, A., Di Virgilio, F., Girolomoni, G. (2001) Extracellular ATP induces a distorted maturation of dendritic cells and inhibits their capacity to initiate Th1 responses. J. Immunol. 166: 1611-1617
82. Larsson, S., Linden, M. (1998) Effects of a corticosteroid, budesonide, on production of bioactive IL-12 by human monocytes. Cytokine 10: 786-789
83. 3. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 53, 599-602
84. Leoni, F., Zaliani, A., Bertolini, G., Porro, G., Pagani, P., Pozzi, P., Dona, G., Fossati, G., Sozzani, S., Azam, T., Bufler, P., Fantuzzi, G., Goncharov, I., Kim, S.-H., Pomerantz, B. J., Reznikov, L. L., Siegmund, B., Dinarello, C. A., Mascagni, P. (2002) The antitumor histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoyl-anilide hydroxamic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory properties via suppression of cytokines. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99: 2995-3000
85. Lighvani, A. A., Frucht, D. M., Jankovic, D., Yamane, H., Aliberti, J., Hissong, B. D., Nguyen, B. V., Gadina, M., Sher, A., Paul, W. E., O'Shea, J. J. (2001) T-bet is rapidly induced by interferon-gamma in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98: 15137-15142
86. Link, A. L., Kino, T., Worth, J. A., McGuire, J. L., Crane, M. L., Chrousos, G. P., Wilder, R. L., Elenkov, I. J. (2000) Ligand-activation of the adenosine A2a receptor inhibits IL-12 production by human monocytes. J. Immunol. 164: 436-442
87. Liu, J., Chen, M., Wang, X. (2000) Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-12 release from peritoneal macrophages, mediated by the cAMP pathway. Immunology 101: 61-67
88. Ma, X., Chow, J. M., Gri, G., Carra, G., Gerosa, F., Wolf, S. F., Dzialo, R., Trinchieri, G. (1996) The interleukin 12 p40 gene promoter is primed by interferon gamma in monocytic cells. J. Exp. Med. 183: 147-157
89. Ma, X., Neurath, M., Gri, G., Trinchieri, G. (1997) Identification and characterization of a novel Ets-2-related nuclear complex implicated in the activation of the human interleukin-12 p40 gene promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 10389-10395
90. MacPhee, I. A., Antoni, F. A., Mason, D. W. (1989) Spontaneous recovery of rats from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is dependent on regulation of the immune system by endogenous adrenal corticosteroids. J. Exp. Med. 169: 431-445
91. Makhlouf, K., Weiner, H. L., Khoury, S. J. (2001a) Increased percentage of IL-12+ monocytes in the blood correlates with the presence of active MRI lesions in MS. J. Neuroimmunol. 119: 145-149
92. Makhlouf, K., Comabella, M., Imitola, J., Weiner, H. L., Khoury, S. J. (2001b) Oral salbutamol decreases IL-12 in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 117: 156-165
93. Malfait, A. M., Malik, A. S., Marinova-Mutafchievva, T., Butler, D. M., Maini, R. N., Feldmann, M. (1999) The β2-adrenergic agonist salbutamol is a potent suppressor of established collagen-induced arthritis: mechanism of action. J. Immunol. 162: 6278-6283
94. Marcinkiewicz, J., Grabowska, A., Lauterbach, R., Bobek, M. (2000) Differential effects of pentoxifylline, a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on the production of IL-10, IL-12 p40 and p35 subunits by murine peritoneal macrophages. Immunopharmacology 49: 335-343
95. Martens, E., Alloza, I., Scott, C. J., Billiau, A., Vandenbroeck, K. (2000) Protein disulfide isomerase-mediated cell-free assembly of recombinant interleukin-12 p40 homodimers. Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 6679-6683
96. Matthys, P., Vermeire, K., Mitera, T., Heremans, H., Huang, S., Billiau, A. (1998) Anti-IL-12 antibody prevents development and progression of collagen-induced arthritis in IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 28: 2143-2151
97. Matthys, P., Vermeire, K., Mitera, T., Heremans, H., Huang, S., Schols, D., De Wolf-Peeters, C., Billiau, A. (1999) Enhanced autoimmune arthritis in IFN-γ receptor-deficient mice is conditioned by mycobacteria in Freund's adjuvant and by increased expansion of Mac-1(+) myeloid cells. J. Immunol. 163: 3503-3510
98. 3. Eur. J. Immunol. 30: 498-508
99. Mazzeo, D., Sacco, S., Di Lucia, P., Penna, G., Adorini, L., Panina-Bordignon, P., Ghezzi, P. (2002) Thiol antioxidants inhibit the formation of the interleukin-12 heterodimer: a novel mechanism for the inhibition of IL-12 production. Cytokine 17: 285-293
100. Mazzoni, A., Young, H. A., Spitzer, J. H., Visintin, A., Segal, D. M. (2001) Histamine regulates cytokine production in maturing dendritic cells, resulting in altered T cell polarization. J. Clin. Invest. 108: 1865-1873
101. McIntyre, K. W., Shuster, D. J., Gillooly, K. M., Warrier, R. R., Connaughton, S. E., Hall, L. B., Arp, L. H., Gately, M. K., Magram, J. (1996) Reduced incidence and severity of collagen-induced arthritis in interleukin-12-deficient mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 26: 2933-2938
102. Meierhofer, C., Dunzendorfer, S., Wiermann, C. J. (2001) Theoretical basis for the activity of thalidomide. Biodrugs 15: 681-703
103. Moller, D. R., Wysocka, M., Greenlee, B. M., Ma, X., Wahl, L., Trinchieri, G., Karps, C. L. (1997a) Inhibition of human interleukin-12 production by pentoxifylline. Immunology 91: 197-203
104. Moller, D. R., Wysocka, M., Greenlee, B. M., Ma, X., Wabl, L., Flockhart, D. A., Trinchieri, G., Karp, C. L. (1997b) Inhibition of IL-12 production by thalidomide. J. Immunol. 159: 5157-5161
105. Monteleone, G., Biancone, L., Marasco, R., Morrone. G., Marasco, O., Luzza, F., Pallone, F. (1997) Interleukin 12 is expressed and released by Crohn's disease intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells. Gastroenterology 112: 1169-1178
106. Moreira, A. L., Sampaio, E. P., Zmuidzinas, A., Frindt, P., Smith, K. A., Kaplan, G. (1993) Thalidomide exerts its inhibitory action on tumor necrosis factor alpha by enhancing messenger RNA degradation. J. Exp. Med. 177: 1675-1680
107. Murphy, T. L., Cleveland, M. G., Kulesza, P., Magram, J., Murphy, K. M. (1995) Regulation of interleukin 12 p40 expression through an NF-kappa B half-site. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 5258-5267
108. Na, S.-Y., Kang, B. Y., Chung, S. W., Han, S.-J., Ma, X., Trinchieri, G., Im, S.-Y., Lee, J. W., Kim, T. S. (1999) Retinoids inhibit interleukin-12 production in macrophages through physical associations of retinoid X receptor and NFκB. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 7674-7680
109. Nancey, S., Bienvenu, J., Coffin, B., Andre, F., Descos, L., Flourié, B. (2002) Butyrate strongly inhibits in vitro stimulated release of cytokines in blood. Digest. Dis. Sci. 47: 921-928
110. Natarajan, C., Bright, J. J. (2002a) Curcumin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 signaling through Janus kinase-STA pathway in T lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 169: 6506-6513
111. Natarajan, C., Bright, J. J. (2002b) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists inhibit experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 production, IL-12 signaling and Th1 differentiation. Genes Immun. 3: 59-70
112. Németh, Z. H., Haskó, G., Szabó, C., Salzman, A. L., Vizi, E. S, (1998) Calcium channel blockers and dantrolene differentially regulate the production of interleukin-12 and interferon-γ in endotoxemic mice. Brain Res. Bull. 46: 257-261
113. + antiporter suppresses IL-12 p40 production by mouse macrophages. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1539: 233-242
114. Nicoletti, F., Patti, F., Cocuzza, C., Zaccone, P., Nicoletti, A., DiMarco, R., Reggio, A. (1996) Elevated serum levels of interleukin-12 in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. J. Neurouimmunol. 70: 87-90
115. Oppmann, B., Lesley, R., Blom, B., Timans, J. C., Xu, Y., Hunte, B., Vega, F., Yu, X. Wang, J., Singh, K., Zonin, F., Vaisberg, E., Churakova, T., Liu, M., Gorman, D., Wagner, J., Zurawski, S., Liu, Y., Abrams, J. S., Moore, K. W., Rennick, D., de Waal-Malefyt, R., Hannum, C., Bazan, J. F., Kastelein, R. A. (2000) Novel p19 protein engages IL-12p40 to form a cytokine, IL-23, with biological activities similar as well as distinct from IL-12. Immunity 13: 715-725
116. O'Shea, J. J., Paul, W. E. (2002) Regulation of T(H)1 differentiation - controlling the controllers. Nat. Immunol. 3: 506-508
117. O'Shea, J. J., Gadina, M., Schreiber, R. D. (2002) Cytokine signaling in 2002: new surprises in the Jak/Stat pathway. Cell 109 (Suppl.): S121-S131
118. 2-agonists prevent Th1 development by selective inhibition of interleukin-12. J. Clin. Invest. 100: 1513-119
119. Parham, C., Chirica, M., Timans, J., Vaisberg, E., Travis, M., Cheung, J., Pflanz, R., Zang, R., Singh, K. P., Vega, F., To, W., Wagner, J., O'Farrell, A.-M., McClanahan, T., Zurawaski, S., Hannum, C., Gorman, D., Rennick, D. M., Kastelein, R. A., de Waal Malefyt, R., Moore, K. W. (2002) A receptor for the heterodimeric cytokine IL-23 is composed of IL-12Rβ1 and a novel cytokine receptor subunit, IL-23R. J. Immunol. 168: 5699-5708
120. Pflanz, S., Timans, J. C., Cheung, J., Rosales, R., Kanzler, H., Gilbert, J., Hibbert, L., Churakova, T., Travis, M., Vaisberg, E., Blumenschein, W. M., Mattson, J. D., Wagner, J. L., To, W., Zurawski, S., McClanahan, T. K., Gorman, D. M., Bazan, J. F., de Waal Malefyt, R., Rennick, D., Kastelein, R. A. (2002) IL-27, a heterodimeric cytokine composed of EBI3 and p28 protein, induces proliferation of naive CD4(+) T cells. Immunity 16: 779-790
121. Plevy, S. E., Gemberling, J. H., Hsu- S., Dorner, A. J., Smale, S. T. (1997) Multiple control elements mediate activation of the murine and human interleukin 12 p40 promoters: evidence of functional synergy between C/EBP and Rel proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 4572-4588
122. Presky, D. H., Yang, H., Minetti, L. J., Chun, A. O., Nabavi, N., Wu, C. Y., Gately, M. K., Gubler, U. (1996) A functional interleukin 12 receptor complex is composed of two beta-type cytokine receptor subunits. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93: 14002-14007
123. Procopio, D. O., Teixeira, M. M., Camargo, M. M., Travassos, L. R., Ferguson, M. A. J., Almeida, I. C., Gazzinelli, R. T. (1999) Differential inhibitory mechanism of cyclic AMP on TNF-α and IL-12 synthesis by macrophages exposed to microbial stimuli. Br. J. Pharmacol. 127: 1195-1205
124. Racke, M. K., Burnett, D., Pak, S. H., Albert, P. S., Cannella, B., Raine, C. S., McFarlin, D. E., Scott, D. E. (1995) Retinoid treatment of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis - IL-4 production correlates with improved disease course. J. Immunol. 154: 450-458
125. Rieckmann, P., Weber, F., Gunther, A., Martin, S., Bitsch, A., Broocks, A., Kitze, B., Weber, T., Borner, T., Poser, S. (1996) Pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, induces immune deviation in patients with multiple sclerosis. J. Neuroimmunol. 64: 193-200
126. Rogge, L., Barberis-Maino, L., Biffi, M., Passini, N., Presky, D. H., Gubler, U., Sinigaglia, F. (1997) Selective expression of an interleukin-12 receptor component by human T helper 1 cells. J. Exp. Med. 185: 825-831
127. Säemann, M. D., Böhmig, G. A., Österreicher, C. H., Burtscher, H., Parolini, O., Diakos, C., Stöckl, J., Hörl, W. H., Zlabinger, G. J. (2000) Anti-inflammatory effects of sodium butyrate on human monocytes: potent inhibition of IL-12 and up-regulation of IL-10 production. FASEB J. 14: 2380-2382
128. Sato, E., Koyama, H., Kubo, K., Sekiguchi, M. (1996) Bradykinin stimulates alveolar macrophages to release neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil activity. J. Immunol. 157: 3122-3129
129. + T cells toward Th2 responses. J. Leukocyte Biol. 68: 633-640
130. Sinigaglia, F., D'Ambrosio, D., Panina-Bordignon, P., Rogge, L. (1999) Regulation of the IL-12/ILA-12R axis: a critical step in T-helper cell differentiation and effector function. Immunol. Rev. 170: 65-72
131. Srimal, R. G, Dhawan. B. N. (1973) Pharmacology of diferuloyl methane (curcumin), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 25: 447
132. Steinschulte, C., Taner, F., Thomson, A. W., Bein, G., Hackstein, H. (2003) Cutting edge: Sanglifehrin A, a novel cyclophilin-binding immunosuppressant, blocks bioactive IL-12 production by human dendritic cells. J. Immunol. 171: 542-546
133. Stolina, M., Sharma, S., Lin, Y., Dohadwala, M., Gardner, B., Luo, J., Kronenberg, M., Miller, P. W., Portanova, J., Lee, J. C., Dubinett, S. M. (2000) Specific inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 restores antitumor reactivity by altering the balance of IL-10 and IL-12 synthesis. J. Immunol. 164: 361-370
134. Surh, Y., Chun, K., Cha, H., Han, S. S., Keum, Y., Park, K., Lee, S. S. (2001) Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive activities of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: down-regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-κB activation. Mutat. Res. 480: 243
135. Sutterwala, F. S., Noel, G. J., Clynes, R., Mosser, D. M. (1997) Selective suppression of interleukin-12 induction after macrophage receptor ligation. J. Exp. Med. 185: 1977-1985
136. Suzumura, A., Ito, A., Mizuno, T. (2003) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors suppress IL-12 production with microglia and T helper 1 development. Mult. Scler. 9: 574-578
137. Szabo, S. J., Dighe, A. S., Gubler, U., Murphy, K. M. (1997) Regulation of the interleukin (IL)-12R beta 2 subunit expression in developing T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells. J. Exp. Med. 185: 817-824
138. Szabo, G., Gavala, C., Mandrekar, P. (2001) Tacrolimus and cyclosporine A inhibit allostimulatory capacity and cytokine production of human myeloid dendritic cells. J. Invest. Med. 49: 442-449
139. Takeda, A., Hamano, S., Yamanaka, A., Hanada, T., Ishibashi, T., Mak, T. W., Yoshimura, A., Yoshida, H. (2003) Cutting edge: role of IL-27/WSX-1 signaling for induction of T-bet through activation of STAT1 during initial Th1 commitment. J. Immunol. 170: 4886-4890
140. Tarrant, T. K., Silver, P. B., Chan, C. C., Wiggert, B.,
141. Torii, H., Hosoi, J., Beissert, S., Xu, S., Fox, F. E., Asahina, A., Takashima, A., Rook, A. H., Granstein, R. D. (1997) Regulation of cytokine gene expression in macrophages and the Langerhans cell-like line XS52 by calcitonin gene-related peptide. J. Leukoc. Biol. 61: 216-223
142. Trembleau, S., Penna, G., Gregori, S., Chapman, H. D., Serreze, D. V., Magram, J., Adorini, L. (1999) Pancreas-infiltrating Th1 cells and diabetes develop in IL-12-deficient non-obese diabetic mice. J. Immunol. 163: 2960-2968
143. Trembleau, S., Penna, G., Gregori, S., Giarratana, N., Adorini, L. (2003) IL-12 administration accelerates autoinumme diabetes in both wild-type and IFN-γ-deficient nonobese diabetic mice, revealing pathogenic and protective effects of IL-12-induced IFN-γ. J. Immunol. 170: 5491-5501
144. Trinchieri, G. (2003) Interleukin-12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3: 133-146
145. Trinchieri, G., Scott, P. (1995) Interleukin-12: a proinflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory functions. Res. Immunol. 146: 423-431
146. Uchi, H., Arrighi, J.-F., Aubry, J.-P., Furue, M., Hauser, C. (2002) The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide inhibits LPS-but not TNF-α-induced maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by inhibition of the p38 monogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 110: 269-276
147. van der Pouw Kraan, T. C. T. M., Boeip, L. C. M., Smeenk, R. J. T., Wijdenes, J., Aarden, L. A. (1995) Prostaglandin-E2 is a potent inhibitor of human IL-12 production. J. Exp. Med. 181: 775-779
148. van der Pouw Kraan, T. C. T. M., Snijders, A., Boeije, L. C. M., de Groot. E. R., Alewijnse, A. E., Leurs, R., Aarden, L. A. (1998) Histamine inhibits the production of interleukin-12 through interaction with H2 receptors. J. Clin. Invest. 102: 1866-1873
149. Vanderheyde, N., Verhasselt, V., Goldman, M., Willems, F. (1999) Inhibition of human dendritic cell functions by methylprednisolone. Transplantation 67: 1342-1347
150. Vermeire, K., Heremans, H., Vandeputte, M., Huang, S., Matthys, P. (1997) Accelerated collagen-induced arthritis in IFN-gamma receptor-deficient mice. J. Immunol. 158: 5507-5513
151. Visser, J., van Boxel-Dezaire, A., Methorst, D., Brunt, T., de Kloet, E. R., Nagelkerken, L. (1998) Differential regulation of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 by glucocorticoids in vitro. Blood 91: 4255-4264
152. Wang, I. M., Contursi, C., Masumi, A., Ma, X., Trinchieri, G., Ozato, K. (2000) An IFN-gamma-inducible transcription factor, IFN consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP), stimulates IL-12 p40 expression in macrophages. J. Immunol. 165: 271-279
153. Wiegmann, K., Muthyala, S., Kim, D. H., Arnason, B. G. W., Chelmickaschorr, E. (1995) Beta-adrenergic agonists suppress chronic-relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE) in Lewis rats. J. Neuroimmunol, 56: 201-206
154. Wilkin, F., Stordeur, P., Goldman, M., Boeynaems, J. M., Robaye, B. (2002) Extracellular adenine nucleotides modulate cytokine production by human monocyte-derived dendritic cells: dual effect on IL-12 and stimulation of IL-10. Eur. J. Immunol. 32: 2409-2417
155. Wolf, S. F., Temple, P. A., Kobayashi, M., Young, D., Dicig, M., Lowe, L., Dzialo, R., Fitz, L., Ferenz, C., Hewick, R. M. (1991) Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor, a heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and natural killer cells. J. Immunol. 146: 3074-3081
156. Wu C., Wang, X., Gadina, M., O'Shea, J. J., Presky, D. H., Magram, J. (2000) IL-12 receptor beta 2 (IL-12R beta 2)-deficient mice are defective in IL-12-mediated signaling despite the presence of high affinity IL-12 binding sites. J. Immunol. 165: 6221-6228
157. Yao, M., Kargman, S., Lam, E. C., Kelly, C. R., Zheng, Y. X., Luk, P., Kwong, E., Evans, J. F., Wolfe, M. M. (2003) Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 by rofecoxib attenuates the growth and metastatic potential of colorectal carcinoma in mice. Cancer Res. 63: 586-592
158. Yoon, C., Johnston, S. C., Tang, J., Stahl, M., Tobin, J. F., Somers, W. S. (2000) Charged residues dominate a unique interlocking topography in the heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12. EMBO J. 19: 3530-3541
159. Yoshida, A., Koide, Y., Uchijima, M., Yoshida, T. O. (1994) IFN-gamma induces IL-12 mRNA expression by a murine macrophage cell line, J774. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 198: 857-861
160. Yoshida, H., Hamano, S., Senaldi, G., Covey, T., Faggioni, R., Mu, S., Xia, M., Wakeham, A. C., Nishina, H., Potter, J., Saris, C. J., Mak, T. W. (2001) WSX-1 is required for the initiation of Th1 responses and resistance to L. major infection. Immunity 15: 569-578
161. Youssef, S., Stüve, O., Patarroyo, J. C., Ruiz, P. J., Radosevich, J. L., Mi Hur, E., Bravo, M., Mitchell, D. J., Sobel, R. A., Steinman, L., Zamvil, S. S. (2002) The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor atorvastatin promotes a Th2 bias and reverses paralysis in central nervous system autouimmune disease. Nature 420: 78-84
162. Zhou, J., Presky, D. H., Wu, C. Y., Gubler, U. (1997) Differential associations between the cytoplasmic regions of the interleukin-12 receptor subunits beta1 and beta2 and JAK kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 6073-6077