메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 77, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 52-72

Very long-chain n-3 fatty acids and human health: Fact, fiction and the future

Author keywords

Brain; Cancer; CVD; Development; DHA; Eicosanoids; EPA; Fish oil; Inflammation

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL ESTER; DOCOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; FISH OIL; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PHOSPHOLIPID; VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; UNSATURATED FATTY ACID;

EID: 85031908256     PISSN: 00296651     EISSN: 14752719     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0029665117003950     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (289)

References (275)
  • 1
    • 84918779742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to fatty acids and lipids
    • Burdge GC & Calder PC (2015) Introduction to fatty acids and lipids. World Rev Nutr Diet 112, 1-16.
    • (2015) World Rev Nutr Diet , vol.112 , pp. 1-16
    • Burdge, G.C.1    Calder, P.C.2
  • 2
    • 73949087595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Calder PC & Yaqoob P (2009) Understanding omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Postgrad Med 121, 148-157.
    • (2009) Postgrad Med , vol.121 , pp. 148-157
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 3
    • 84907960261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Very long chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids and human health
    • Calder PC (2014) Very long chain omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids and human health. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 116, 1280-1300.
    • (2014) Eur J Lipid Sci Technol , vol.116 , pp. 1280-1300
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 4
    • 78650700860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3): A review of its biological effects
    • Kaur G, Cameron-Smith D, Garg M et al. (2011) Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3): a review of its biological effects. Prog. Lipid Res 50, 28-34.
    • (2011) Prog. Lipid Res , vol.50 , pp. 28-34
    • Kaur, G.1    Cameron-Smith, D.2    Garg, M.3
  • 5
    • 84979887621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosapentaenoic acid derived metabolites and mediators - The new world of lipid mediator medicine in a nutshell
    • Weylandt KH (2016) Docosapentaenoic acid derived metabolites and mediators - the new world of lipid mediator medicine in a nutshell. Eur J Pharmacol 785, 108-115.
    • (2016) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.785 , pp. 108-115
    • Weylandt, K.H.1
  • 6
    • 79955455705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the United States during the 20th century
    • Blasbalg TL, Hibbeln JR, Ramsden CE et al. (2011) Changes in consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the United States during the 20th century. Am J Clin Nutr 93, 950-962.
    • (2011) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.93 , pp. 950-962
    • Blasbalg, T.L.1    Hibbeln, J.R.2    Ramsden, C.E.3
  • 7
    • 33746809138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution, interconversion, and dose response of n-3 fatty acids in humans
    • Arterburn LM, Hall EB & Oken H (2006) Distribution, interconversion, and dose response of n-3 fatty acids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 1467S-1476S.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 1467S-1476S
    • Arterburn, L.M.1    Hall, E.B.2    Oken, H.3
  • 8
    • 84981745200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and functional effects of plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids in humans
    • Baker EJ, Miles EA, Burdge GC et al. (2016) Metabolism and functional effects of plant-derived omega-3 fatty acids in humans. Prog Lipid Res 64, 30-56.
    • (2016) Prog Lipid Res , vol.64 , pp. 30-56
    • Baker, E.J.1    Miles, E.A.2    Burdge, G.C.3
  • 9
    • 0030866550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for age-related differences in the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue, independent of diet
    • Bolton-Smith C, Woodward M & Tavendale R (1997) Evidence for age-related differences in the fatty acid composition of human adipose tissue, independent of diet. Eur J Clin Nutr 51, 619-624.
    • (1997) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.51 , pp. 619-624
    • Bolton-Smith, C.1    Woodward, M.2    Tavendale, R.3
  • 10
    • 38749109687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the n-3 fatty acid content of tissues
    • Childs CE, Romeu-Nadal M, Burdge GC et al. (2008) Gender differences in the n-3 fatty acid content of tissues. Proc Nutr Soc 67, 19-27.
    • (2008) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.67 , pp. 19-27
    • Childs, C.E.1    Romeu-Nadal, M.2    Burdge, G.C.3
  • 11
    • 0036774711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids are the principal products of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in young men
    • Burdge GC, Jones AE & Wootton SA (2002) Eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids are the principal products of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in young men. Brit J Nutr 88, 355-363.
    • (2002) Brit J Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 355-363
    • Burdge, G.C.1    Jones, A.E.2    Wootton, S.A.3
  • 12
    • 0036774671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion of alphalinolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in young women
    • Burdge GC & Wootton SA (2002) Conversion of alphalinolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in young women. Brit J Nutr 88, 411-420.
    • (2002) Brit J Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 411-420
    • Burdge, G.C.1    Wootton, S.A.2
  • 13
    • 0036297756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Desaturation and elongation of fatty acids and insulin action
    • Vessby B, Gustafsson IB, Tengblad S et al. (2002) Desaturation and elongation of fatty acids and insulin action. Ann NY Acad Sci 967, 183-195.
    • (2002) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.967 , pp. 183-195
    • Vessby, B.1    Gustafsson, I.B.2    Tengblad, S.3
  • 14
    • 78651301789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster predict amounts of red blood cell docosahexaenoic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnant women: Findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
    • Koletzko B, Lattka E, Zeilinger S et al. (2011) Genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster predict amounts of red blood cell docosahexaenoic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnant women: findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Am J Clin Nutr 93, 211-219.
    • (2011) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.93 , pp. 211-219
    • Koletzko, B.1    Lattka, E.2    Zeilinger, S.3
  • 15
    • 0003478722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: British Nutrition Foundation
    • British Nutrition Foundation (1999) N-3 Fatty Acids and Health. London: British Nutrition Foundation.
    • (1999) N-3 Fatty Acids and Health
  • 16
    • 85018432258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3: The good oil
    • Calder PC (2017) Omega-3: the good oil. Nutr Bull 42, 132-140.
    • (2017) Nutr Bull , vol.42 , pp. 132-140
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 18
    • 84950170914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intakes and food sources of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Meyer BJ, Mann NJ, Lewis JL et al. (2003) Dietary intakes and food sources of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids 38, 391-398.
    • (2003) Lipids , vol.38 , pp. 391-398
    • Meyer, B.J.1    Mann, N.J.2    Lewis, J.L.3
  • 19
    • 84995363401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Contribution of meat sources
    • Howe P, Meyer B, Record S et al. (2006) Dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: contribution of meat sources. Nutrition 22, 47-53.
    • (2006) Nutrition , vol.22 , pp. 47-53
    • Howe, P.1    Meyer, B.2    Record, S.3
  • 20
    • 84883193135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake and food sources of EPA, DPA and DHA in Australian children
    • Rahmawaty S, Charlton K, Lyons-Wall P et al. (2013) Dietary intake and food sources of EPA, DPA and DHA in Australian children. Lipids 48, 869-877.
    • (2013) Lipids , vol.48 , pp. 869-877
    • Rahmawaty, S.1    Charlton, K.2    Lyons-Wall, P.3
  • 21
    • 0021341436 scopus 로고
    • The modification of mammalian membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in relation to membrane fluidity and function
    • Stubbs CD & Smith AD (1984) The modification of mammalian membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in relation to membrane fluidity and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 779, 89-137.
    • (1984) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.779 , pp. 89-137
    • Stubbs, C.D.1    Smith, A.D.2
  • 22
    • 0021202816 scopus 로고
    • Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on membrane structure and enzyme kinetics
    • Brenner RR (1984) Effect of unsaturated fatty acids on membrane structure and enzyme kinetics. Prog Lipid Res 23, 69-96.
    • (1984) Prog Lipid Res , vol.23 , pp. 69-96
    • Brenner, R.R.1
  • 23
    • 0025348682 scopus 로고
    • Dietary fatty acids and membrane protein function
    • Murphy MG (1990) Dietary fatty acids and membrane protein function. J Nutr Biochem 1, 68-79.
    • (1990) J Nutr Biochem , vol.1 , pp. 68-79
    • Murphy, M.G.1
  • 24
    • 84866602767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids into lipid pools when given as supplements providing doses equivalent to typical intakes of oily fish
    • Browning LM, Walker CG, Mander AP et al. (2012) Incorporation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids into lipid pools when given as supplements providing doses equivalent to typical intakes of oily fish. Am J Clin Nutr 96, 748-758.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.96 , pp. 748-758
    • Browning, L.M.1    Walker, C.G.2    Mander, A.P.3
  • 25
    • 82355165120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Salmon in pregnancy study: Study design, subject characteristics, maternal fish and marine n-3 fatty acid intake, and marine n-3 fatty acid status in maternal and umbilical cord blood
    • Miles EA, Noakes PS, Kremmyda LS et al. (2011) The Salmon in Pregnancy Study: study design, subject characteristics, maternal fish and marine n-3 fatty acid intake, and marine n-3 fatty acid status in maternal and umbilical cord blood. Am J Clin Nutr 94, 1986S-1992S.
    • (2011) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.94 , pp. 1986S-1992S
    • Miles, E.A.1    Noakes, P.S.2    Kremmyda, L.S.3
  • 26
    • 0033862174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of low to moderate amounts of dietary fish oil on neutrophil lipid composition and function
    • Healy DA, Wallace FA, Miles EA et al. (2000) The effect of low to moderate amounts of dietary fish oil on neutrophil lipid composition and function. Lipids 35, 763-768.
    • (2000) Lipids , vol.35 , pp. 763-768
    • Healy, D.A.1    Wallace, F.A.2    Miles, E.A.3
  • 27
    • 0027163166 scopus 로고
    • Differences in the fatty acid composition of the grey and white matter of different regions of the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and control subjects
    • Skinner ER, Watt C, Besson JA et al. (1993) Differences in the fatty acid composition of the grey and white matter of different regions of the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and control subjects. Brain 116, 717-725.
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 717-725
    • Skinner, E.R.1    Watt, C.2    Besson, J.A.3
  • 28
    • 0028021727 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants
    • Makrides M, Neumann MA, Byard RW et al. (1994) Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants. Am J Clin Nutr 60, 189-194.
    • (1994) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.60 , pp. 189-194
    • Makrides, M.1    Neumann, M.A.2    Byard, R.W.3
  • 29
    • 4644336694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids in cardiac biopsies from heart transplantation patients: Correlation with erythrocyes and response to supplementation
    • Harris WS, Sands SA, Windsor SL et al. (2004) Omega-3 fatty acids in cardiac biopsies from heart transplantation patients: correlation with erythrocyes and response to supplementation. Circulation 110, 1645-1649.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 1645-1649
    • Harris, W.S.1    Sands, S.A.2    Windsor, S.L.3
  • 30
    • 34248361129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fish-oil supplementation on myocardial fatty acids in humans
    • Metcalf RG, James MJ, Gibson RA et al. (2007) Effects of fish-oil supplementation on myocardial fatty acids in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 85, 1222-1228.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 1222-1228
    • Metcalf, R.G.1    James, M.J.2    Gibson, R.A.3
  • 31
    • 84899970316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal changes in human skeletal muscle and blood lipid composition with fish oil supplementation
    • McGlory C, Galloway SD, Hamilton DL et al. (2014) Temporal changes in human skeletal muscle and blood lipid composition with fish oil supplementation. Prostagland Leukotr Essent Fatty Acids 90, 199-206.
    • (2014) Prostagland Leukotr Essent Fatty Acids , vol.90 , pp. 199-206
    • McGlory, C.1    Galloway, S.D.2    Hamilton, D.L.3
  • 32
    • 79961165309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids augment the muscle protein anabolic response to hyperinsulinaemia-hyperaminoacidaemia in healthy young and middle-aged men and women
    • Smith GI, Atherton P, Reeds DN et al. (2011) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids augment the muscle protein anabolic response to hyperinsulinaemia-hyperaminoacidaemia in healthy young and middle-aged men and women. Clin Sci 121, 267-278.
    • (2011) Clin Sci , vol.121 , pp. 267-278
    • Smith, G.I.1    Atherton, P.2    Reeds, D.N.3
  • 33
    • 2942706241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid n-6/n-3 ratio in relation to hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Araya J, Rodrigo R, Videla LA et al. (2004) Increase in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid n-6/n-3 ratio in relation to hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Sci 106, 635-643.
    • (2004) Clin Sci , vol.106 , pp. 635-643
    • Araya, J.1    Rodrigo, R.2    Videla, L.A.3
  • 34
    • 33846868166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acid pattern in liver and erythrocyte phospholipids from obese patients
    • Elizondo A, Araya J, Rodrigo R et al. (2007) Polyunsaturated fatty acid pattern in liver and erythrocyte phospholipids from obese patients. Obesity 15, 24-31.
    • (2007) Obesity , vol.15 , pp. 24-31
    • Elizondo, A.1    Araya, J.2    Rodrigo, R.3
  • 35
    • 0026091186 scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of fatty acids from fish oil and olive oil into colonic mucosal lipids and effects upon eicosanoid synthesis in inflammatory bowel disease
    • Hillier K, Jewell R, Dorrell L et al. (1991) Incorporation of fatty acids from fish oil and olive oil into colonic mucosal lipids and effects upon eicosanoid synthesis in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 32, 1151-1155.
    • (1991) Gut , vol.32 , pp. 1151-1155
    • Hillier, K.1    Jewell, R.2    Dorrell, L.3
  • 36
    • 78651228119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on semen profile and enzymatic anti-oxidant capacity of seminal plasma in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: A doubleblind, placebo-controlled, randomised study
    • Safarinejad MR (2011) Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on semen profile and enzymatic anti-oxidant capacity of seminal plasma in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: a doubleblind, placebo-controlled, randomised study. Andrologia 43, 38-47.
    • (2011) Andrologia , vol.43 , pp. 38-47
    • Safarinejad, M.R.1
  • 37
    • 0017161742 scopus 로고
    • The long chain metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids in liver and brain in herbivores and carnivores
    • Crawford MA, Casperd NM & Sinclair AJ (1976) The long chain metabolites of linoleic and linolenic acids in liver and brain in herbivores and carnivores. Comp Biochem Physiol 54B, 395-401.
    • (1976) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.54 B , pp. 395-401
    • Crawford, M.A.1    Casperd, N.M.2    Sinclair, A.J.3
  • 38
    • 0014860323 scopus 로고
    • Lipids of ocular tissues. IV. A comparison of the phospholipids from the retina of six mammalian species
    • Anderson RE (1970) Lipids of ocular tissues. IV. A comparison of the phospholipids from the retina of six mammalian species. Exp Eye Res 10, 339-344.
    • (1970) Exp Eye Res , vol.10 , pp. 339-344
    • Anderson, R.E.1
  • 39
    • 0022411156 scopus 로고
    • Long term effects of dietary marine ω-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans
    • von Schacky C, Fischer S & Weber PC (1985) Long term effects of dietary marine ω-3 fatty acids upon plasma and cellular lipids, platelet function, and eicosanoid formation in humans. J Clin Invest 76, 1626-1631.
    • (1985) J Clin Invest , vol.76 , pp. 1626-1631
    • Von Schacky, C.1    Fischer, S.2    Weber, P.C.3
  • 40
    • 0025937234 scopus 로고
    • Effects of four doses of n-3 fatty acids given to hyperlipidemic patients for six months
    • Harris WS, Windsor SL & Dujovne CA (1991) Effects of four doses of n-3 fatty acids given to hyperlipidemic patients for six months. J Am Coll Nutr 10, 220-227.
    • (1991) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.10 , pp. 220-227
    • Harris, W.S.1    Windsor, S.L.2    Dujovne, C.A.3
  • 41
    • 0026625434 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of omega-3 fatty acids during ingestion of fish oil preparations
    • Marsen TA, Pollok M, Oette K et al. (1992) Pharmacokinetics of omega-3 fatty acids during ingestion of fish oil preparations. Prostagland Leukotr Essent Fatty Acids 46, 191-196.
    • (1992) Prostagland Leukotr Essent Fatty Acids , vol.46 , pp. 191-196
    • Marsen, T.A.1    Pollok, M.2    Oette, K.3
  • 42
    • 0025291620 scopus 로고
    • Doseresponse effects of fish oil supplementation in healthy volunteers
    • Blonk MC, Bilo HJ, Popp-Snijders C et al. (1990) Doseresponse effects of fish oil supplementation in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 52, 120-127.
    • (1990) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.52 , pp. 120-127
    • Blonk, M.C.1    Bilo, H.J.2    Popp-Snijders, C.3
  • 43
    • 0030711745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes and adipose tissue: An 18 month controlled study
    • Katan MB, Deslypere JP, van Birgelen APJM et al. (1997) Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes and adipose tissue: an 18 month controlled study. J Lipid Res 38, 2012-2022.
    • (1997) J Lipid Res , vol.38 , pp. 2012-2022
    • Katan, M.B.1    Deslypere, J.P.2    Van Birgelen, A.P.J.M.3
  • 44
    • 0034099945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encapsulated fish oil enriched in α-tocopherol alters plasma phospholipid and mononuclear cell fatty acid compositions but not mononuclear cell functions
    • Yaqoob P, Pala HS, Cortina-Borja M et al. (2000) Encapsulated fish oil enriched in α-tocopherol alters plasma phospholipid and mononuclear cell fatty acid compositions but not mononuclear cell functions. Eur J Clin Invest 30, 260-274.
    • (2000) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.30 , pp. 260-274
    • Yaqoob, P.1    Pala, H.S.2    Cortina-Borja, M.3
  • 45
    • 33644869928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-related effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on innate immune function in healthy humans: A comparison of young and older men
    • Rees D, Miles EA, Banerjee T et al. (2006) Dose-related effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on innate immune function in healthy humans: a comparison of young and older men. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 331-342.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 331-342
    • Rees, D.1    Miles, E.A.2    Banerjee, T.3
  • 46
    • 79955495387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation with a fish oil-enriched, high-protein medical food leads to rapid incorporation of EPA into white blood cells and modulates immune responses within one week in healthy men and women
    • Faber J, Berkhout M, Vos AP et al. (2011) Supplementation with a fish oil-enriched, high-protein medical food leads to rapid incorporation of EPA into white blood cells and modulates immune responses within one week in healthy men and women. J Nutr 141, 964-970.
    • (2011) J Nutr , vol.141 , pp. 964-970
    • Faber, J.1    Berkhout, M.2    Vos, A.P.3
  • 47
    • 0022623520 scopus 로고
    • Changes in membrane lipid composition of human erythrocytes after dietary supplementation of (n-3) fatty acids: Maintenance of membrane fluidity
    • Popp-Snijders C, Schouten JA, van Blitterswijk WJ et al. (1986) Changes in membrane lipid composition of human erythrocytes after dietary supplementation of (n-3) fatty acids: maintenance of membrane fluidity. Biochim Biophys Acta 854, 31-37.
    • (1986) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.854 , pp. 31-37
    • Popp-Snijders, C.1    Schouten, J.A.2    Van Blitterswijk, W.J.3
  • 48
    • 0020656522 scopus 로고
    • The influence of different types of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood lipids and platelet function in healthy volunteers
    • Sanders TAB & Roshanai F (1983) The influence of different types of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood lipids and platelet function in healthy volunteers. Clin Sci 64, 91-99.
    • (1983) Clin Sci , vol.64 , pp. 91-99
    • Sanders, T.A.B.1    Roshanai, F.2
  • 49
    • 0027458574 scopus 로고
    • Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit phosphoinositide formation, and chemotaxis in neutrophils
    • Sperling RI, Benincaso AI, Knoell CT et al. (1993) Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit phosphoinositide formation, and chemotaxis in neutrophils. J Clin Invest 91, 651-660.
    • (1993) J Clin Invest , vol.91 , pp. 651-660
    • Sperling, R.I.1    Benincaso, A.I.2    Knoell, C.T.3
  • 50
    • 84904726942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid incorporation of ω-3 fatty acids into colonic tissue after oral supplementation in patients with colorectal cancer: A randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial
    • Sorensen LS, Rasmussen HH, Aardestrup IV et al. (2014) Rapid incorporation of ω-3 fatty acids into colonic tissue after oral supplementation in patients with colorectal cancer: a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial. J Parent Ent Nutr 38, 617-624.
    • (2014) J Parent Ent Nutr , vol.38 , pp. 617-624
    • Sorensen, L.S.1    Rasmussen, H.H.2    Aardestrup, I.V.3
  • 51
    • 84858243360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of (n-3) fatty acids
    • Calder PC (2012) Mechanisms of action of (n-3) fatty acids. J Nutr 142, 592S-599S.
    • (2012) J Nutr , vol.142 , pp. 592S-599S
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 52
    • 84873443547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: Nutrition or pharmacology?
    • Calder PC (2013) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: nutrition or pharmacology? Brit J Clin Pharmacol 75, 645-662.
    • (2013) Brit J Clin Pharmacol , vol.75 , pp. 645-662
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 53
    • 84879514494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 Fatty acids, inflammation and immunity: New mechanisms to explain old actions
    • Calder PC (2013) n-3 Fatty acids, inflammation and immunity: new mechanisms to explain old actions. Proc Nutr Soc 72, 326-336.
    • (2013) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.72 , pp. 326-336
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 54
    • 0028200972 scopus 로고
    • The incorporation of fatty acids by lymphocytes and the effect on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity
    • Calder PC, Yaqoob P, Harvey DJ et al. (1994) The incorporation of fatty acids by lymphocytes and the effect on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity. Biochem J 300, 509-518.
    • (1994) Biochem J , vol.300 , pp. 509-518
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2    Harvey, D.J.3
  • 55
    • 0032060386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of immune function by dietary fatty acids
    • Miles EA & Calder PC (1998) Modulation of immune function by dietary fatty acids. Proc Nutr Soc 57, 277-292.
    • (1998) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.57 , pp. 277-292
    • Miles, E.A.1    Calder, P.C.2
  • 56
    • 3843115666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced G protein-coupled signaling efficiency in retinal rod outer segments in response to n-3 fatty acid deficiency
    • Niu SL, Mitchell DC, Lim SY et al. (2004) Reduced G protein-coupled signaling efficiency in retinal rod outer segments in response to n-3 fatty acid deficiency. J Biol Chem 279, 31098-31104.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 31098-31104
    • Niu, S.L.1    Mitchell, D.C.2    Lim, S.Y.3
  • 57
    • 0041494100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid rafts: Bringing order to chaos
    • Pike LJ (2003) Lipid rafts: bringing order to chaos. J Lipid Res 44, 655-667.
    • (2003) J Lipid Res , vol.44 , pp. 655-667
    • Pike, L.J.1
  • 58
    • 77957167810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revitalizing membrane rafts: New tools and insights
    • Simons K & Gerl MJ (2010) Revitalizing membrane rafts: new tools and insights. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 11, 688-699.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol , vol.11 , pp. 688-699
    • Simons, K.1    Gerl, M.J.2
  • 59
    • 67749124273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nutritional significance of lipid rafts
    • Yaqoob P (2009) The nutritional significance of lipid rafts. Annu Rev Nutr 29, 257-282.
    • (2009) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.29 , pp. 257-282
    • Yaqoob, P.1
  • 60
    • 33947097442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid rafts - Composition, characterization and controversies
    • Calder PC & Yaqoob P (2007) Lipid rafts - Composition, characterization and controversies. J Nutr 137, 545-547.
    • (2007) J Nutr , vol.137 , pp. 545-547
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 61
    • 84930701220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids, lipid rafts, and T cell signaling
    • Hou TY, McMurray DN & Chapkin RS (2016) Omega-3 fatty acids, lipid rafts, and T cell signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 785, 2-9.
    • (2016) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.785 , pp. 2-9
    • Hou, T.Y.1    McMurray, D.N.2    Chapkin, R.S.3
  • 62
    • 84875684571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat chance to enhance B cell function
    • Calder PC (2013) Fat chance to enhance B cell function. J Leuk Biol 93, 457-459.
    • (2013) J Leuk Biol , vol.93 , pp. 457-459
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 63
    • 84880331141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity
    • Calder PC (2013) Long chain fatty acids and gene expression in inflammation and immunity. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 16, 425-433.
    • (2013) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.16 , pp. 425-433
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 64
    • 0037214010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappa B inhibition by omega-3 fatty acids modulates LPS-stimulated macrophage TNF-alpha transcription
    • Novak TE, Babcock TA, Jho DH et al. (2003) NF-kappa B inhibition by omega-3 fatty acids modulates LPS-stimulated macrophage TNF-alpha transcription. Am J Physiol 284, L84-L89.
    • (2003) Am J Physiol , vol.284 , pp. L84-L89
    • Novak, T.E.1    Babcock, T.A.2    Jho, D.H.3
  • 65
    • 0030985318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids, eicosanoids, and hypolipidemic agents identified as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by coactivator-dependent receptor ligand assay
    • Krey G, Braissant O, L'Horset F et al. (1997) Fatty acids, eicosanoids, and hypolipidemic agents identified as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors by coactivator-dependent receptor ligand assay. Mol Endocrinol 11, 779-791.
    • (1997) Mol Endocrinol , vol.11 , pp. 779-791
    • Krey, G.1    Braissant, O.2    L'Horset, F.3
  • 67
    • 4344701247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The multi-dimensional regulation of gene expression by fatty acids: Polyunsaturated fats as nutrient sensors
    • Clarke SD (2004) The multi-dimensional regulation of gene expression by fatty acids: polyunsaturated fats as nutrient sensors. Curr Opin Lipidol 15, 13-18.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.15 , pp. 13-18
    • Clarke, S.D.1
  • 69
    • 0036213141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and regulation of gene transcription
    • Jump DB (2002) Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and regulation of gene transcription. Curr Opin Lipidol 13, 155-1564.
    • (2002) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.13 , pp. 155-1564
    • Jump, D.B.1
  • 70
    • 43249114663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription
    • Jump DB (2008) N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation of hepatic gene transcription. Curr Opin Lipidol 19, 242-247.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.19 , pp. 242-247
    • Jump, D.B.1
  • 72
    • 80055019374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids and inflammation: The cutting edge between food and pharma
    • Calder PC (2011) Fatty acids and inflammation: the cutting edge between food and pharma. Eur J Pharmacol 668, S50-S58.
    • (2011) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.668 , pp. S50-S58
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 73
    • 0025164256 scopus 로고
    • Leukotrienes and other products of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway: Biochemistry and relation to pathobiology in human diseases
    • Lewis RA, Austen KF & Soberman RJ (1990) Leukotrienes and other products of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway: biochemistry and relation to pathobiology in human diseases. N Engl J Med 323, 645-655.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 645-655
    • Lewis, R.A.1    Austen, K.F.2    Soberman, R.J.3
  • 74
    • 0034943516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed messages: Modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes
    • Tilley SL, Coffman TM & Koller BH (2001) Mixed messages: modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes. J Clin Invest 108, 15-23.
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 15-23
    • Tilley, S.L.1    Coffman, T.M.2    Koller, B.H.3
  • 75
    • 34547958615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzymes and receptors of prostaglandin pathways with arachidonic acidderived versus eicosapentaenoic acid-derived substrates and products
    • Wada M, DeLong CJ, Hong YH et al. (2007) Enzymes and receptors of prostaglandin pathways with arachidonic acidderived versus eicosapentaenoic acid-derived substrates and products. J Biol Chem 282, 22254-22266.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 22254-22266
    • Wada, M.1    DeLong, C.J.2    Hong, Y.H.3
  • 76
    • 0018743451 scopus 로고
    • The role of prostacyclin in vascular tissue
    • Moncada S & Vane JR (1979) The role of prostacyclin in vascular tissue. Fed Proc 38, 68-71.
    • (1979) Fed Proc , vol.38 , pp. 68-71
    • Moncada, S.1    Vane, J.R.2
  • 77
    • 77957942833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in the inflammatory response: An update
    • Bannenberg G & Serhan CN (2010) Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in the inflammatory response: an update. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 1801, 1260-1273.
    • (2010) Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids , vol.1801 , pp. 1260-1273
    • Bannenberg, G.1    Serhan, C.N.2
  • 78
    • 42649089790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolving inflammation: Dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators
    • Serhan CN, Chiang N & van Dyke TE (2008) Resolving inflammation: dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediators. Nat Rev Immunol 8, 349-361.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 349-361
    • Serhan, C.N.1    Chiang, N.2    Van Dyke, T.E.3
  • 79
    • 84885953361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution phase lipid mediators of inflammation: Agonists of resolution
    • Serhan CN & Chiang N (2013) Resolution phase lipid mediators of inflammation: agonists of resolution. Curr Opin Pharmacol 13, 632-640.
    • (2013) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.13 , pp. 632-640
    • Serhan, C.N.1    Chiang, N.2
  • 80
    • 84885979109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel n-3 immunoresolvents: Structures and roles
    • Dalli J, Colas RA & Serhan CN (2013) Novel n-3 immunoresolvents: structures and roles. Sci Rep 3, 1940.
    • (2013) Sci Rep , vol.3 , pp. 1940
    • Dalli, J.1    Colas, R.A.2    Serhan, C.N.3
  • 81
    • 84922553466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: Effects, mechanisms and clinical relevance
    • Calder PC (2015) Marine omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes: effects, mechanisms and clinical relevance. Biochim Biophys Acta 1851, 469-484.
    • (2015) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1851 , pp. 469-484
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 82
    • 77956165390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects
    • Oh DY, Talukdar S, Bae EJ et al. (2010) GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. Cell 142, 687-698.
    • (2010) Cell , vol.142 , pp. 687-698
    • Oh, D.Y.1    Talukdar, S.2    Bae, E.J.3
  • 83
    • 0018152134 scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid and prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis
    • Dyerberg J, Bang HO, Stoffersen E et al. (1978) Eicosapentaenoic acid and prevention of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Lancet ii, 117-119.
    • (1978) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 117-119
    • Dyerberg, J.1    Bang, H.O.2    Stoffersen, E.3
  • 84
    • 0019293677 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological studies in the Upernavik District, Greenland
    • Kromann N & Green A (1980) Epidemiological studies in the Upernavik District, Greenland. Acta Med Scand 208, 401-406.
    • (1980) Acta Med Scand , vol.208 , pp. 401-406
    • Kromann, N.1    Green, A.2
  • 85
    • 0023811434 scopus 로고
    • Mortality from ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Greenland
    • Bjerregaard P & Dyerberg J (1988) Mortality from ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Greenland. Int J Epidemiol 17, 514-519.
    • (1988) Int J Epidemiol , vol.17 , pp. 514-519
    • Bjerregaard, P.1    Dyerberg, J.2
  • 86
    • 0027399112 scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis in Alaska Natives and non-natives
    • Newman WP, Middaugh JP, Propst MT et al. (1993) Atherosclerosis in Alaska Natives and non-natives. Lancet 341, 1056-1057.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 1056-1057
    • Newman, W.P.1    Middaugh, J.P.2    Propst, M.T.3
  • 87
    • 0017185755 scopus 로고
    • The composition of foods consumed by Greenland Eskimos
    • Bang HO, Dyerberg J & Hjorne N (1976) The composition of foods consumed by Greenland Eskimos. Acta Med Scand 200, 69-73.
    • (1976) Acta Med Scand , vol.200 , pp. 69-73
    • Bang, H.O.1    Dyerberg, J.2    Hjorne, N.3
  • 88
    • 0023834883 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the 12-year mortality and predictive factors of coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Japan and Hawaii
    • Yano K, MacLean CJ, Reed DM et al. (1988) A comparison of the 12-year mortality and predictive factors of coronary heart disease among Japanese men in Japan and Hawaii. Am J Epidemiol 127, 476-487.
    • (1988) Am J Epidemiol , vol.127 , pp. 476-487
    • Yano, K.1    MacLean, C.J.2    Reed, D.M.3
  • 89
    • 0037137299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. American Heart Association Nutrition Committee
    • Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS & Appel LJ (2002) Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation 106, 2747-2757.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2747-2757
    • Kris-Etherton, P.M.1    Harris, W.S.2    Appel, L.J.3
  • 90
    • 3042635669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease
    • von Schacky C (2004) Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 7, 131-136.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.7 , pp. 131-136
    • Von Schacky, C.1
  • 91
    • 34548412877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiac arrhythmias: Prior studies and recommendations for future research: A report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Office of Dietary Supplements Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis Workshop
    • London B, Albert C, Anderson M et al. (2007) Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiac arrhythmias: prior studies and recommendations for future research: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Office Of Dietary Supplements Omega-3 Fatty Acids and their Role in Cardiac Arrhythmogenesis Workshop. Circulation 116, e320-e335.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. e320-e335
    • London, B.1    Albert, C.2    Anderson, M.3
  • 92
    • 33747120160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primaryand secondary-prevention studies: A systematic review
    • Wang C, Harris WS, Chung M et al. (2006) n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primaryand secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 84, 5-17.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.84 , pp. 5-17
    • Wang, C.1    Harris, W.S.2    Chung, M.3
  • 93
    • 3142712905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Evidence explained and mechanisms explored
    • Calder PC (2004) n-3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: evidence explained and mechanisms explored. Clin Sci 107, 1-11.
    • (2004) Clin Sci , vol.107 , pp. 1-11
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 94
    • 84896535229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Chowdhury R, Warnakula S, Kunutsor S et al. (2014) Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 160, 398-406.
    • (2014) Ann Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 398-406
    • Chowdhury, R.1    Warnakula, S.2    Kunutsor, S.3
  • 95
    • 84980320220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid biomarkers and coronary heart disease: Pooling project of 19 cohort studies
    • Del Gobbo LC, Imamura F, Aslibekyan S et al. (2016) ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid biomarkers and coronary heart disease: pooling project of 19 cohort studies. JAMA Intern Med 176, 1155-1166.
    • (2016) JAMA Intern Med , vol.176 , pp. 1155-1166
    • Del Gobbo, L.C.1    Imamura, F.2    Aslibekyan, S.3
  • 96
    • 85036617876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New evidence that omega-3 fatty acids have a role in primary prevention of coronary heart disease
    • Calder PC (2017) New evidence that omega-3 fatty acids have a role in primary prevention of coronary heart disease. J Pub Health Emerg 1, 35.
    • (2017) J Pub Health Emerg , vol.1 , pp. 35
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 97
    • 0029865509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids and lipoproteins: Comparison of results from human and animal studies
    • Harris WS (1996) N-3 fatty acids and lipoproteins: comparison of results from human and animal studies. Lipids 31, 243-252.
    • (1996) Lipids , vol.31 , pp. 243-252
    • Harris, W.S.1
  • 98
    • 77956063072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids
    • Saravanan P, Davidson NC, Schmidt EB et al. (2010) Cardiovascular effects of marine omega-3 fatty acids. Lancet 376, 540-550.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 540-550
    • Saravanan, P.1    Davidson, N.C.2    Schmidt, E.B.3
  • 99
    • 79959484739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease
    • De Caterina R (2011) n-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 364, 2439-2450.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , pp. 2439-2450
    • De Caterina, R.1
  • 100
    • 33749154105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on serum markers of cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review
    • Balk EM, Lichtenstein AH, Chung M et al. (2006) Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on serum markers of cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review. Atherosclerosis 189, 19-30.
    • (2006) Atherosclerosis , vol.189 , pp. 19-30
    • Balk, E.M.1    Lichtenstein, A.H.2    Chung, M.3
  • 101
    • 84938954314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood triacylglycerol levels in normolipidemic and borderline hyperlipidemic individuals
    • Leslie MA, Cohen DJ, Liddle DM et al. (2015) A review of the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood triacylglycerol levels in normolipidemic and borderline hyperlipidemic individuals. Lipids Health Dis 14, 53.
    • (2015) Lipids Health Dis , vol.14 , pp. 53
    • Leslie, M.A.1    Cohen, D.J.2    Liddle, D.M.3
  • 102
    • 85041659533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid containing supplements modulate risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of randomised placebo-control human clinical trials
    • (In the Press)
    • AbuMweis S, Jew S, Tayyem R et al. (2017) Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid containing supplements modulate risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomised placebo-control human clinical trials. J Hum Nutr Diet (In the Press).
    • (2017) J Hum Nutr Diet
    • AbuMweis, S.1    Jew, S.2    Tayyem, R.3
  • 103
    • 0034016538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, LDL particle size, glucose, and insulin in mildly hyperlipidemic men
    • Mori TA, Burke V, Puddey IB et al. (2000) Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum lipids and lipoproteins, LDL particle size, glucose, and insulin in mildly hyperlipidemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 71, 1085-1094.
    • (2000) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.71 , pp. 1085-1094
    • Mori, T.A.1    Burke, V.2    Puddey, I.B.3
  • 104
    • 0024363690 scopus 로고
    • Effects of changes in fat, fish and fibre intake on death and myocardial reinfarction: Diet and reinfarction trial (DART)
    • Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF et al. (1989) Effects of changes in fat, fish and fibre intake on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet ii, 757-761.
    • (1989) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 757-761
    • Burr, M.L.1    Fehily, A.M.2    Gilbert, J.F.3
  • 105
    • 0345109256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and Vitamin E after myocardial infarction: Results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial
    • Anonymous
    • Anonymous (1999) Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet 354, 447-455.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 447-455
  • 106
    • 0037161373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction - Time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza Nell'infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione
    • Marchioli R, Barzi F, Bomba E et al. (2002) Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction - Time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione. Circulation 105, 1897-1903.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1897-1903
    • Marchioli, R.1    Barzi, F.2    Bomba, E.3
  • 107
    • 33947583493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): A randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis
    • Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M et al. (2007) Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 369, 1090-1098.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 1090-1098
    • Yokoyama, M.1    Origasa, H.2    Matsuzaki, M.3
  • 108
    • 53049110571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): A randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial
    • Gissi-HF Investigators, Tavazzi L, Maggioni AP, Marchioli R et al. (2008). Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. Lancet 372, 1223-1230.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1223-1230
    • Tavazzi, L.1    Maggioni, A.P.2    Marchioli, R.3
  • 109
    • 0036124659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Bucher HC, Hengstler P, Schindler C et al. (2002) N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med 112, 298-304.
    • (2002) Am J Med , vol.112 , pp. 298-304
    • Bucher, H.C.1    Hengstler, P.2    Schindler, C.3
  • 110
    • 17644421390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of different antilipidemic agents and diets on mortality: A systematic review
    • Studer M, Briel M, Leimenstoll B et al. (2005) Effect of different antilipidemic agents and diets on mortality: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med 165, 725-730.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 725-730
    • Studer, M.1    Briel, M.2    Leimenstoll, B.3
  • 111
    • 58849160915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil on arrhythmias and mortality: Systematic review
    • Leon H, Shibata MC, Sivakumaran S et al. (2009) Effect of fish oil on arrhythmias and mortality: systematic review. Brit Med J 338, a2931.
    • (2009) Brit Med J , vol.338 , pp. a2931
    • Leon, H.1    Shibata, M.C.2    Sivakumaran, S.3
  • 112
    • 39649111988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk: Clinical and mechanistic perspectives
    • Harris WS, Miller M, Tighe AP et al. (2008) Omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease risk: clinical and mechanistic perspectives. Atherosclerosis 197, 12-24.
    • (2008) Atherosclerosis , vol.197 , pp. 12-24
    • Harris, W.S.1    Miller, M.2    Tighe, A.P.3
  • 113
    • 84876911281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of fishoil supplementation on heart rate variability in humans: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Xin W, Wei W & Li XY (2013) Short-term effects of fishoil supplementation on heart rate variability in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 926-935.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.97 , pp. 926-935
    • Xin, W.1    Wei, W.2    Li, X.Y.3
  • 114
    • 0035679270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modulation of ionic currents in excitable tissues by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Leaf A & Xiao YF (2001) The modulation of ionic currents in excitable tissues by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Memb Biol 184, 263-271.
    • (2001) J Memb Biol , vol.184 , pp. 263-271
    • Leaf, A.1    Xiao, Y.F.2
  • 115
    • 0037425770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: A randomised controlled trial
    • Thies F, Garry JMC, Yaqoob P et al. (2003) Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 361, 477-485.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 477-485
    • Thies, F.1    Garry, J.M.C.2    Yaqoob, P.3
  • 116
    • 77956225520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from highly concentrated n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters is incorporated into advanced atherosclerotic plaques and higher plaque EPA is associated with decreased plaque inflammation and increased stability
    • Cawood AL, Ding R, Napper FL et al. (2010) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from highly concentrated n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters is incorporated into advanced atherosclerotic plaques and higher plaque EPA is associated with decreased plaque inflammation and increased stability. Atherosclerosis 212, 252-259.
    • (2010) Atherosclerosis , vol.212 , pp. 252-259
    • Cawood, A.L.1    Ding, R.2    Napper, F.L.3
  • 117
    • 77953640159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, cardiovascular disease and stability of atherosclerotic plaques
    • Calder PC & Yaqoob P (2010) Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, cardiovascular disease and stability of atherosclerotic plaques. Cell Mol Biol 56, 28-37.
    • (2010) Cell Mol Biol , vol.56 , pp. 28-37
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 118
    • 79551499975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases: A randomised placebo controlled trial
    • Galan P, Kesse-Guyot E, Czernichow S et al. (2010) Effects of B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases: a randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ 341, c6273.
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.341 , pp. c6273
    • Galan, P.1    Kesse-Guyot, E.2    Czernichow, S.3
  • 119
    • 78549233384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction
    • Kromhout D, Giltay EJ, Geleijnse JM et al. (2010) n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 363, 2015-2026.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.363 , pp. 2015-2026
    • Kromhout, D.1    Giltay, E.J.2    Geleijnse, J.M.3
  • 120
    • 78650169331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OMEGA, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effect of highly purified omega-3 fatty acids on top of modern guideline-adjusted therapy after myocardial infarction
    • Rauch B, Schiele R, Schneider S et al. (2010) OMEGA, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effect of highly purified omega-3 fatty acids on top of modern guideline-adjusted therapy after myocardial infarction. Circulation 122, 2152-2159.
    • (2010) Circulation , vol.122 , pp. 2152-2159
    • Rauch, B.1    Schiele, R.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 121
    • 84877624255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors
    • Risk and Prevention Study Collaborative Group, Roncaglioni MC, Tombesi M, Avanzini F et al. (2013) n-3 fatty acids in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. N Engl J Med 368, 1800-1808.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.368 , pp. 1800-1808
    • Roncaglioni, M.C.1    Tombesi, M.2    Avanzini, F.3
  • 122
    • 84864219466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia
    • Bosch J, Gerstein HC, Dagenais GR et al. (2012) n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia. N Engl J Med 367, 309-318.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 309-318
    • Bosch, J.1    Gerstein, H.C.2    Dagenais, G.R.3
  • 123
    • 84861128254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplements (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials
    • Kwak SM, Myung SK, Lee YJ et al. (2012) Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid supplements (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 172, 686-694.
    • (2012) Arch Intern Med , vol.172 , pp. 686-694
    • Kwak, S.M.1    Myung, S.K.2    Lee, Y.J.3
  • 124
    • 84873667731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega 3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Kotwal S, Jun M, Sullivan D et al. (2012) Omega 3 Fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 5, 808-818.
    • (2012) Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes , vol.5 , pp. 808-818
    • Kotwal, S.1    Jun, M.2    Sullivan, D.3
  • 125
    • 84866070612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Rizos EC, Ntzani EE, Bika E et al. (2012) Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Assoc 308, 1024-1033.
    • (2012) J Am Med Assoc , vol.308 , pp. 1024-1033
    • Rizos, E.C.1    Ntzani, E.E.2    Bika, E.3
  • 126
    • 85027955897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease
    • Calder PC & Yaqoob P (2012) Marine omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 27, 412-419.
    • (2012) Curr Opin Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 412-419
    • Calder, P.C.1    Yaqoob, P.2
  • 127
    • 84881638790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longterm effect of high dose omega-3 fatty acidsupplementation for secondary prevention of cardiovascular outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trials
    • Casula M, Soranna D, Catapano AL et al. (2013) Longterm effect of high dose omega-3 fatty acidsupplementation for secondary prevention of cardiovascular outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trials. Atheroscler Suppl 14, 243-251.
    • (2013) Atheroscler Suppl , vol.14 , pp. 243-251
    • Casula, M.1    Soranna, D.2    Catapano, A.L.3
  • 128
    • 84899108394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of omega-3 fatty acid on major cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Wen YT, Dai JH & Gao Q (2014) Effects of omega-3 fatty acid on major cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 24, 470-475.
    • (2014) Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis , vol.24 , pp. 470-475
    • Wen, Y.T.1    Dai, J.H.2    Gao, Q.3
  • 129
    • 85015204246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish oil) supplementation and the prevention of clinical cardiovascular disease: A science advisory from the American Heart Association
    • Siscovick DS, Barringer TA, Fretts AM et al. (2017) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish oil) supplementation and the prevention of clinical cardiovascular disease: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 135, e867-e884.
    • (2017) Circulation , vol.135 , pp. e867-e884
    • Siscovick, D.S.1    Barringer, T.A.2    Fretts, A.M.3
  • 130
    • 77952580135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids in cancer, the protectors of good and the killers of evil?
    • Gleissman H, Johnsen JI & Kogner P (2010) Omega-3 fatty acids in cancer, the protectors of good and the killers of evil? Exp Cell Res 316, 1365-1373.
    • (2010) Exp Cell Res , vol.316 , pp. 1365-1373
    • Gleissman, H.1    Johnsen, J.I.2    Kogner, P.3
  • 131
    • 84878720719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA: A potential adjuvant in the treatment of cancer
    • Merendino N, Costantini L, Manzi L et al. (2013) Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA: a potential adjuvant in the treatment of cancer. BioMed Res Int 2013; 310186.
    • (2013) BioMed Res Int , vol.2013 , pp. 310186
    • Merendino, N.1    Costantini, L.2    Manzi, L.3
  • 132
    • 77649179672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosanoids and cancer
    • Wang D & Dubois RN (2010) Eicosanoids and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 10, 181-193.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.10 , pp. 181-193
    • Wang, D.1    Dubois, R.N.2
  • 133
    • 84875231422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer therapy
    • Vaughan VC, Hassing MR & Lewandowski PA (2013) Marine polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer therapy. Brit J Cancer 108, 486-492.
    • (2013) Brit J Cancer , vol.108 , pp. 486-492
    • Vaughan, V.C.1    Hassing, M.R.2    Lewandowski, P.A.3
  • 134
    • 84863621501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: The potential role for supplementation in cancer
    • Murphy RA, Mourtzakis M & Mazurak VC (2012) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: the potential role for supplementation in cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 15, 246-251.
    • (2012) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.15 , pp. 246-251
    • Murphy, R.A.1    Mourtzakis, M.2    Mazurak, V.C.3
  • 135
    • 84910675782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biospecimen long-chain n-3 PUFA and risk of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis of data from 60,627 individuals
    • Yang B, Wang FL, Ren XL et al. (2014) Biospecimen long-chain n-3 PUFA and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of data from 60,627 individuals. PLoS ONE 9, e110574.
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9 , pp. e110574
    • Yang, B.1    Wang, F.L.2    Ren, X.L.3
  • 136
  • 137
    • 84873686894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake of specific fatty acids and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women in the VITAL cohort
    • Sczaniecka AK, Brasky TM, Lampe JW et al. (2012) Dietary intake of specific fatty acids and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women in the VITAL cohort. Nutr Cancer 64, 1131-1142.
    • (2012) Nutr Cancer , vol.64 , pp. 1131-1142
    • Sczaniecka, A.K.1    Brasky, T.M.2    Lampe, J.W.3
  • 138
    • 84881656596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma phospholipid fatty acids and prostate cancer risk in the SELECT trial
    • Brasky TM, Darke AK, Song X et al. (2013) Plasma phospholipid fatty acids and prostate cancer risk in the SELECT trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 105, 1132-1141.
    • (2013) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.105 , pp. 1132-1141
    • Brasky, T.M.1    Darke, A.K.2    Song, X.3
  • 139
    • 84928590183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating fatty acids and prostate cancer risk: Individual participant meta-analysis of prospective studies
    • Crowe FL, Appleby PN, Travis RC et al. (2014) Circulating fatty acids and prostate cancer risk: individual participant meta-analysis of prospective studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 106, dju240.
    • (2014) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.106 , pp. dju240
    • Crowe, F.L.1    Appleby, P.N.2    Travis, R.C.3
  • 140
    • 33644797950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: A systematic review
    • Elia M, Van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren MA, Garvey J et al. (2006) Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: a systematic review. Int J Oncol 28, 5-23.
    • (2006) Int J Oncol , vol.28 , pp. 5-23
    • Elia, M.1    Van Bokhorst-De-Van-Der-Schueren, M.A.2    Garvey, J.3
  • 141
    • 84860382104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatigue, inflammation, and ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid intake among breast cancer survivors
    • Alfano CM, Imayama I, Neuhouser ML et al. (2012) Fatigue, inflammation, and ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid intake among breast cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol 30, 1280-1287.
    • (2012) J Clin Oncol , vol.30 , pp. 1280-1287
    • Alfano, C.M.1    Imayama, I.2    Neuhouser, M.L.3
  • 142
    • 35148818281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic n-3 fatty acids from fish oil and preferential Cox-2 inhibition on systemic syndromes in patients with advanced lung cancer
    • Cerchietti LC, Navigante AH & Castro MA (2007) Effects of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic n-3 fatty acids from fish oil and preferential Cox-2 inhibition on systemic syndromes in patients with advanced lung cancer. Nutr Cancer 59, 14-20.
    • (2007) Nutr Cancer , vol.59 , pp. 14-20
    • Cerchietti, L.C.1    Navigante, A.H.2    Castro, M.A.3
  • 143
    • 84858038464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral nutritional supplements containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affect quality of life and functional status in lung cancer patients during multimodality treatment: An RCT
    • van der Meij BS, Langius JA, Spreeuwenberg MD et al. (2012) Oral nutritional supplements containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids affect quality of life and functional status in lung cancer patients during multimodality treatment: an RCT. Eur J Clin Nutr 66, 399-404.
    • (2012) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.66 , pp. 399-404
    • Van Der-Meij, B.S.1    Langius, J.A.2    Spreeuwenberg, M.D.3
  • 144
    • 77955268551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of three lipid emulsions differing in fatty acid composition on growth, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line
    • Sala-Vila A, Folkes J & Calder PC (2010) The effect of three lipid emulsions differing in fatty acid composition on growth, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. Clin Nutr 29, 519-524.
    • (2010) Clin Nutr , vol.29 , pp. 519-524
    • Sala-Vila, A.1    Folkes, J.2    Calder, P.C.3
  • 145
    • 79960647676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer
    • Murphy RA, Mourtzakis M, Chu QS et al. (2011) Supplementation with fish oil increases first-line chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer 117, 3774-3780.
    • (2011) Cancer , vol.117 , pp. 3774-3780
    • Murphy, R.A.1    Mourtzakis, M.2    Chu, Q.S.3
  • 146
    • 71649093220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving outcome of chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer by docosahexaenoic acid: A phase II trial
    • Bougnoux P, Hajjaji N, Ferrasson MN et al. (2009) Improving outcome of chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer by docosahexaenoic acid: a phase II trial. Brit J Cancer 101, 1978-1985.
    • (2009) Brit J Cancer , vol.101 , pp. 1978-1985
    • Bougnoux, P.1    Hajjaji, N.2    Ferrasson, M.N.3
  • 147
    • 79959219159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lean body mass gain in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer treated perioperatively with a protein- and energy-dense nutritional supplement containing eicosapentaenoic acid
    • Weed HG, Ferguson ML, Gaff RL et al. (2011) Lean body mass gain in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer treated perioperatively with a protein- and energy-dense nutritional supplement containing eicosapentaenoic acid. Head Neck 33, 1027-1033.
    • (2011) Head Neck , vol.33 , pp. 1027-1033
    • Weed, H.G.1    Ferguson, M.L.2    Gaff, R.L.3
  • 148
    • 79953800314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional intervention with fish oil provides a benefit over standard of care for weight and skeletal muscle mass in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy
    • Murphy RA, Mourtzakis M, Chu QS et al. (2011) Nutritional intervention with fish oil provides a benefit over standard of care for weight and skeletal muscle mass in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy. Cancer 117, 1775-1782.
    • (2011) Cancer , vol.117 , pp. 1775-1782
    • Murphy, R.A.1    Mourtzakis, M.2    Chu, Q.S.3
  • 149
    • 33746840267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of eicosapentaenoic acid diester in patients with cancer cachexia
    • Fearon KC, Barber MD, Moses AG et al. (2006) Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of eicosapentaenoic acid diester in patients with cancer cachexia. J Clin Oncol 24, 3401-3407.
    • (2006) J Clin Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 3401-3407
    • Fearon, K.C.1    Barber, M.D.2    Moses, A.G.3
  • 150
    • 46849116060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA-enriched oral nutritional support in patients with lung cancer: Effects on nutritional status and quality of life
    • Guarcello M, Riso S, Buosi R et al. (2007) EPA-enriched oral nutritional support in patients with lung cancer: effects on nutritional status and quality of life. Nutr Therap Metab 25, 25-30.
    • (2007) Nutr Therap Metab , vol.25 , pp. 25-30
    • Guarcello, M.1    Riso, S.2    Buosi, R.3
  • 151
    • 70349770300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory disease processes and interactions with nutrition
    • Calder PC, Albers R, Antoine JM et al. (2009) Inflammatory disease processes and interactions with nutrition. Brit J Nutr 101, Suppl. 1, S1-45.
    • (2009) Brit J Nutr , vol.101 , pp. S1-45
    • Calder, P.C.1    Albers, R.2    Antoine, J.M.3
  • 152
    • 84873050294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A consideration of biomarkers to be used for evaluation of inflammation in human nutritional studies
    • Calder PC, Ahluwalia N, Albers R et al. (2013) A consideration of biomarkers to be used for evaluation of inflammation in human nutritional studies. Brit J Nutr 109, Suppl. 1, S1-S34.
    • (2013) Brit J Nutr , vol.109 , pp. S1-S34
    • Calder, P.C.1    Ahluwalia, N.2    Albers, R.3
  • 153
    • 0033552883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease
    • Ross R (1999) Atherosclerosis-an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 340, 115-126.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 115-126
    • Ross, R.1
  • 154
    • 79951669207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune system in atherosclerosis
    • Hansson GK & Hermansson A (2011) The immune system in atherosclerosis. Nat Immunol 12, 204-212.
    • (2011) Nat Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 204-212
    • Hansson, G.K.1    Hermansson, A.2
  • 155
    • 82955170624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity
    • Calder PC, Ahluwalia N, Brouns F et al. (2011) Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity. Brit J Nutr 106, Suppl. 3, S5-S78.
    • (2011) Brit J Nutr , vol.106 , pp. S5-S78
    • Calder, P.C.1    Ahluwalia, N.2    Brouns, F.3
  • 156
    • 67650151005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: Links to genetic instability
    • Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A et al. (2009) Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis 30, 1073-1081.
    • (2009) Carcinogenesis , vol.30 , pp. 1073-1081
    • Colotta, F.1    Allavena, P.2    Sica, A.3
  • 157
    • 84861170926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune function and a systematic review of their effects on clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Miles EA & Calder PC (2012) Influence of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune function and a systematic review of their effects on clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis. Brit J Nutr 107, Suppl. 2, S171-S184.
    • (2012) Brit J Nutr , vol.107 , pp. S171-S184
    • Miles, E.A.1    Calder, P.C.2
  • 158
    • 71449118574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acids and immune function: Relevance to inflammatory bowel diseases
    • Calder PC (2009) Fatty acids and immune function: relevance to inflammatory bowel diseases. Int Rev Immunol 28, 506-534.
    • (2009) Int Rev Immunol , vol.28 , pp. 506-534
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 159
    • 33746830525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases
    • Calder PC (2006) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 1505S-1519S.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 1505S-1519S
    • Calder, P.C.1
  • 160
    • 85025102299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on arthritic pain: A systematic review
    • Abdulrazaq M, Innes JK & Calder PC (2017) Effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on arthritic pain: a systematic review. Nutrition 39-40, 57-66.
    • (2017) Nutrition , vol.39-40 , pp. 57-66
    • Abdulrazaq, M.1    Innes, J.K.2    Calder, P.C.3
  • 161
    • 85010280336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine oil supplements for arthritis pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Senftleber NK, Nielsen SM, Andersen JR et al. (2017) Marine oil supplements for arthritis pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Nutrients 9, 42.
    • (2017) Nutrients , vol.9 , pp. 42
    • Senftleber, N.K.1    Nielsen, S.M.2    Andersen, J.R.3
  • 162
    • 77957329378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a role for fatty acids in early life programming of the immune system?
    • Calder PC, Kremmyda LS, Vlachava M et al. (2010) Is there a role for fatty acids in early life programming of the immune system? Proc Nutr Soc 69, 373-380.
    • (2010) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.69 , pp. 373-380
    • Calder, P.C.1    Kremmyda, L.S.2    Vlachava, M.3
  • 163
    • 0242499985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal fish oil supplementation in pregnancy reduces interleukin-13 levels in cord blood of infants at high risk of atopy
    • Dunstan JA, Mori TA, Barden A et al. (2003) Maternal fish oil supplementation in pregnancy reduces interleukin-13 levels in cord blood of infants at high risk of atopy. Clin Exp Allergy 33, 442-448.
    • (2003) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.33 , pp. 442-448
    • Dunstan, J.A.1    Mori, T.A.2    Barden, A.3
  • 164
    • 0345734187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy modifies neonatal allergen-specific immune responses and clinical outcomes in infants at high risk of atopy: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Dunstan JA, Mori TA, Barden A et al. (2003) Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy modifies neonatal allergen-specific immune responses and clinical outcomes in infants at high risk of atopy: a randomized, controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112, 1178-1184.
    • (2003) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.112 , pp. 1178-1184
    • Dunstan, J.A.1    Mori, T.A.2    Barden, A.3
  • 165
    • 84856380619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intake of oily fish in pregnancy: Effects on neonatal immune responses and on clinical outcomes in infants at 6 mo
    • Noakes PS, Vlachava M, Kremmyda LS et al. (2012) Increased intake of oily fish in pregnancy: effects on neonatal immune responses and on clinical outcomes in infants at 6 mo. Am J Clin Nutr 95, 395-404.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 395-404
    • Noakes, P.S.1    Vlachava, M.2    Kremmyda, L.S.3
  • 166
    • 68549133387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy and lactation may decrease the risk of infant allergy
    • Furuhjelm C, Warstedt K, Larsson J et al. (2009) Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy and lactation may decrease the risk of infant allergy. Acta Paediatr 98, 1461-1467.
    • (2009) Acta Paediatr , vol.98 , pp. 1461-1467
    • Furuhjelm, C.1    Warstedt, K.2    Larsson, J.3
  • 167
    • 84857529200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in pregnancy on infants' allergies in first year of life: Randomised controlled trial
    • Palmer DJ, Sullivan T, Gold MS et al. (2012) Effect of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in pregnancy on infants' allergies in first year of life: randomised controlled trial. Brit Med J 344, e184.
    • (2012) Brit Med J , vol.344 , pp. e184
    • Palmer, D.J.1    Sullivan, T.2    Gold, M.S.3
  • 168
    • 84953855155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 longchain PUFA intake during pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes in the offspring: Asystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials
    • Best KP, Gold M, Kennedy D et al. (2016) Omega-3 longchain PUFA intake during pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes in the offspring: asystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 103, 128-143.
    • (2016) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 128-143
    • Best, K.P.1    Gold, M.2    Kennedy, D.3
  • 169
    • 85007378118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oilderived fatty acids in pregnancy and wheeze and asthma in offspring
    • Bisgaard H, Stokholm J, Chawes BL et al. (2016) Fish oilderived fatty acids in pregnancy and wheeze and asthma in offspring. N Engl J Med 375, 2530-2539.
    • (2016) N Engl J Med , vol.375 , pp. 2530-2539
    • Bisgaard, H.1    Stokholm, J.2    Chawes, B.L.3
  • 170
    • 84864007969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil supplementation in early infancy modulates developing infant immune responses
    • D'Vaz N, Meldrum SJ, Dunstan JA et al. (2012) Fish oil supplementation in early infancy modulates developing infant immune responses. Clin Exp Allergy 42, 1206-1216.
    • (2012) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.42 , pp. 1206-1216
    • D'Vaz, N.1    Meldrum, S.J.2    Dunstan, J.A.3
  • 171
    • 84963940307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in allergy prevention and asthma treatment
    • Willemsen LEM (2016) Dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in allergy prevention and asthma treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 785, 174-186.
    • (2016) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.785 , pp. 174-186
    • Willemsen, L.E.M.1
  • 172
    • 79959832020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of perinatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory markers and allergic disease: A systematic review
    • Klemens CM, Berman DR & Mozurkewich EL (2011) The effect of perinatal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory markers and allergic disease: a systematic review. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol 118, 916-925.
    • (2011) Brit J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.118 , pp. 916-925
    • Klemens, C.M.1    Berman, D.R.2    Mozurkewich, E.L.3
  • 173
    • 85025085264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can early omega-3 fatty acid exposure reduce risk of childhood allergic disease?
    • Miles EA & Calder PC (2017) Can early omega-3 fatty acid exposure reduce risk of childhood allergic disease? Nutrients 9, 784.
    • (2017) Nutrients , vol.9 , pp. 784
    • Miles, E.A.1    Calder, P.C.2
  • 174
    • 0035183230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina
    • Lauritzen L, Hansen HS, Jorgensen MH et al. (2001) The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina. Prog Lipid Res 40, 1-94.
    • (2001) Prog Lipid Res , vol.40 , pp. 1-94
    • Lauritzen, L.1    Hansen, H.S.2    Jorgensen, M.H.3
  • 175
    • 0035167408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system
    • Salem N, Litman B, Kim HY et al. (2001) Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system. Lipids 36, 945-959.
    • (2001) Lipids , vol.36 , pp. 945-959
    • Salem, N.1    Litman, B.2    Kim, H.Y.3
  • 176
    • 84876788934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health
    • Parletta N, Milte CM & Meyer BJ (2013) Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health. J Nutr Biochem 24, 725-743.
    • (2013) J Nutr Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 725-743
    • Parletta, N.1    Milte, C.M.2    Meyer, B.J.3
  • 177
    • 0025167727 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on retinal function of very-lowbirth-weight neonates
    • Uauy RD, Birch DG, Birch EE et al. (1990) Effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on retinal function of very-lowbirth-weight neonates. Pediatr Res 28, 485-492.
    • (1990) Pediatr Res , vol.28 , pp. 485-492
    • Uauy, R.D.1    Birch, D.G.2    Birch, E.E.3
  • 178
    • 0026750729 scopus 로고
    • Retinal development in very-low-birth-weight infants fed diets differing in omega-3 fatty acids
    • Birch DG, Birch EE, Hoffman DR et al. (1992) Retinal development in very-low-birth-weight infants fed diets differing in omega-3 fatty acids. Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci 33, 2365-2376.
    • (1992) Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci , vol.33 , pp. 2365-2376
    • Birch, D.G.1    Birch, E.E.2    Hoffman, D.R.3
  • 179
    • 0026700643 scopus 로고
    • Dietary essential fatty acid supply and visual acuity development
    • Birch EE, Birch DG, Hoffman DR et al. (1992) Dietary essential fatty acid supply and visual acuity development. Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci 33, 3242-3253.
    • (1992) Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci , vol.33 , pp. 3242-3253
    • Birch, E.E.1    Birch, D.G.2    Hoffman, D.R.3
  • 180
    • 0027198905 scopus 로고
    • Visual acuity development in healthy preterm infants: Effect of marine oil supplementation
    • Carlson SE, Werkman SH, Rhodes PG et al. (1993) Visual acuity development in healthy preterm infants: effect of marine oil supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 58, 35-42.
    • (1993) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 35-42
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Werkman, S.H.2    Rhodes, P.G.3
  • 181
    • 0029924407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual acuity and fatty acid status of term infants fed human milk and formulas with and without docosahexaenoate and arachidonate from egg yolk lecithin
    • Carlson SE, Ford AJ, Werkman SH et al. (1996) Visual acuity and fatty acid status of term infants fed human milk and formulas with and without docosahexaenoate and arachidonate from egg yolk lecithin. Pediatr Res 39, 882-888.
    • (1996) Pediatr Res , vol.39 , pp. 882-888
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Ford, A.J.2    Werkman, S.H.3
  • 182
    • 0029984292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of long-chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation on visual acuity and growth of preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia
    • (0000)
    • Carlson SE, Werkman SH & Tolley EA (0000) Effect of long-chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation on visual acuity and growth of preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Clin Nutr 63, 687-697.
    • Am J Clin Nutr , vol.63 , pp. 687-697
    • Carlson, S.E.1    Werkman, S.H.2    Tolley, E.A.3
  • 183
    • 84921430795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants
    • Moon K, Rao SC, Schulzke SM et al. (2016) Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12, CD000375.
    • (2016) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.12 , pp. CD000375
    • Moon, K.1    Rao, S.C.2    Schulzke, S.M.3
  • 184
    • 84875806603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid and visual functioning in preterm infants: A review
    • Molloy C, Doyle LW, Makrides M et al. (2012) Docosahexaenoic acid and visual functioning in preterm infants: a review. Neuropsychol Rev 22, 425-437.
    • (2012) Neuropsychol Rev , vol.22 , pp. 425-437
    • Molloy, C.1    Doyle, L.W.2    Makrides, M.3
  • 185
    • 0029116017 scopus 로고
    • Neurodevelopmental quotient of healthy term infants at 4 months and feeding practice: The role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • Agostoni C, Trojan S, Bellu R et al. (1995) Neurodevelopmental quotient of healthy term infants at 4 months and feeding practice: the role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Pediatr Res 38, 262-266.
    • (1995) Pediatr Res , vol.38 , pp. 262-266
    • Agostoni, C.1    Trojan, S.2    Bellu, R.3
  • 186
    • 0032578282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula on problem solving at 10 months of age
    • Willatts P, Forsyth JS, DiModugno MK et al. (1998) Effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula on problem solving at 10 months of age. Lancet 352, 688-691.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 688-691
    • Willatts, P.1    Forsyth, J.S.2    DiModugno, M.K.3
  • 187
    • 18144452225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formula supplementation with long-chain polyunsaturatedfatty acids: Are there developmental benefits?
    • Scott DT, Janowsky JS, Carroll RE et al. (1998) Formula supplementation with long-chain polyunsaturatedfatty acids: are there developmental benefits? Pediatrics 102, E59.
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , pp. E59
    • Scott, D.T.1    Janowsky, J.S.2    Carroll, R.E.3
  • 188
    • 0033982561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of the role of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on neural indices of term infants: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Makrides M, Neumann MA, Simmer K et al. (2000) A critical appraisal of the role of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on neural indices of term infants: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 105, 32-38.
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.105 , pp. 32-38
    • Makrides, M.1    Neumann, M.A.2    Simmer, K.3
  • 189
    • 17844392079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and development of term infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: A double-masked, randomized, parallel, prospective, multivariate study
    • Auested N, Halter R, Hall RT et al. (2001) Growth and development of term infants fed long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a double-masked, randomized, parallel, prospective, multivariate study. Pediatrics 108, 272-381.
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108 , pp. 272-381
    • Auested, N.1    Halter, R.2    Hall, R.T.3
  • 190
    • 18744431460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual, cognitive, and language assessments at 39 months: A follow-up study of children fed formulas containing longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids to 1 year of age
    • Auested N, Scott DT, Janowsky JS et al. (2003) Visual, cognitive, and language assessments at 39 months: a follow-up study of children fed formulas containing longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids to 1 year of age. Pediatrics 112, e177-e183.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112 , pp. e177-e183
    • Auested, N.1    Scott, D.T.2    Janowsky, J.S.3
  • 191
    • 0030962552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental quotient at 24 months and fatty acid composition of diet in early infancy: A follow up study
    • Agostoni C, Trojan S, Bellu R et al. (1997) Developmental quotient at 24 months and fatty acid composition of diet in early infancy: a follow up study. Arch Dis Child 1997, 76, 421-424.
    • (1997) Arch Dis Child 1997 , vol.76 , pp. 421-424
    • Agostoni, C.1    Trojan, S.2    Bellu, R.3
  • 192
    • 84856299177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term
    • Jasani B, Simmer K, Patole SK et al. (2017) Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3, CD000376.
    • (2017) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.3 , pp. CD000376
    • Jasani, B.1    Simmer, K.2    Patole, S.K.3
  • 193
    • 84874297368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of maternal omega-3 (n-3) LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy on early childhood cognitive and visual development; A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Gould JF, Smithers LG & Makrides M (2013) The effect of maternal omega-3 (n-3) LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy on early childhood cognitive and visual development; a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 531-544.
    • (2013) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.97 , pp. 531-544
    • Gould, J.F.1    Smithers, L.G.2    Makrides, M.3
  • 194
    • 1842453654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials of fatty acid treatment in ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum
    • Richardson AJ (2004) Clinical trials of fatty acid treatment in ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum. Prostagland Leuk Essent Fatty Acids 70, 383-390.
    • (2004) Prostagland Leuk Essent Fatty Acids , vol.70 , pp. 383-390
    • Richardson, A.J.1
  • 195
    • 0345255862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFA supplementation in children with inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behaviors
    • Stevens L, Zhang W, Peck L et al. (2003) EFA supplementation in children with inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behaviors. Lipids 38, 1007-1021.
    • (2003) Lipids , vol.38 , pp. 1007-1021
    • Stevens, L.1    Zhang, W.2    Peck, L.3
  • 196
    • 0036139225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized doubleblind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties
    • Richardson AJ & Puri BK (2002) A randomized doubleblind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psych 26, 233-239.
    • (2002) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psych , vol.26 , pp. 233-239
    • Richardson, A.J.1    Puri, B.K.2
  • 197
    • 84857912269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of large doses of arachidonic acid added to docosahexaenoic acid on social impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
    • Yui K, Koshiba M, Nakamura S et al. (2012) Effects of large doses of arachidonic acid added to docosahexaenoic acid on social impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 32, 200-206.
    • (2012) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 200-206
    • Yui, K.1    Koshiba, M.2    Nakamura, S.3
  • 198
    • 49549112474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of Egyptian children with autism
    • Meguid NA, Atta HM, Gouda AS et al. (2008) Role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of Egyptian children with autism. Clin Biochem 41, 1044-1048.
    • (2008) Clin Biochem , vol.41 , pp. 1044-1048
    • Meguid, N.A.1    Atta, H.M.2    Gouda, A.S.3
  • 199
    • 84861325209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined ω3 and ω6 supplementation in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refractory to methylphenidate treatment: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Perera H, Jeewandara KC, Seneviratne S et al. (2012) Combined ω3 and ω6 supplementation in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refractory to methylphenidate treatment: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Child Neurol 27, 747-753.
    • (2012) J Child Neurol , vol.27 , pp. 747-753
    • Perera, H.1    Jeewandara, K.C.2    Seneviratne, S.3
  • 200
    • 84992426941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, cognition, and behavior in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A randomized controlled trial
    • Milte CM, Parletta N, Buckley JD et al. (2012) Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, cognition, and behavior in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition 28, 670-677.
    • (2012) Nutrition , vol.28 , pp. 670-677
    • Milte, C.M.1    Parletta, N.2    Buckley, J.D.3
  • 201
    • 77956383810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPA supplementation improves teacher-rated behaviour and oppositional symptoms in children with ADHD
    • Gustafsson PA, Birberg-Thornberg U, Duchén K et al. (2010) EPA supplementation improves teacher-rated behaviour and oppositional symptoms in children with ADHD. Acta Paediatr 99, 1540-1549.
    • (2010) Acta Paediatr , vol.99 , pp. 1540-1549
    • Gustafsson, P.A.1    Birberg-Thornberg, U.2    Duchén, K.3
  • 202
    • 65749095725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Bélanger SA, Vanasse M, Spahis S et al. (2009) Omega-3 fatty acid treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paediatr Child Health 14, 89-98.
    • (2009) Paediatr Child Health , vol.14 , pp. 89-98
    • Bélanger, S.A.1    Vanasse, M.2    Spahis, S.3
  • 203
    • 34548724398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an open-label pilot study with high-dose EPA/DHA concentrates on plasma phospholipids and behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    • Sorgi PJ, Hallowell EM, Hutchins HL et al. (2007) Effects of an open-label pilot study with high-dose EPA/DHA concentrates on plasma phospholipids and behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nutr J 6, 16.
    • (2007) Nutr J , vol.6 , pp. 16
    • Sorgi, P.J.1    Hallowell, E.M.2    Hutchins, H.L.3
  • 204
    • 84939252882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced symptoms of inattention after dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in boys with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Bos DJ, Oranje B, Veerhoek ES et al. (2015) Reduced symptoms of inattention after dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in boys with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychopharmacol 40, 2298-2306.
    • (2015) Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.40 , pp. 2298-2306
    • Bos, D.J.1    Oranje, B.2    Veerhoek, E.S.3
  • 205
    • 85026894114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of omega-3 and -6 supplementation on language in preterm toddlers exhibiting autism spectrum disorder symptoms
    • (In the Press)
    • Sheppard KW, Boone KM, Gracious B et al. (2017) Effect of omega-3 and -6 supplementation on language in preterm toddlers exhibiting autism spectrum disorder symptoms. J Autism Dev Disord (In the Press).
    • (2017) J Autism Dev Disord
    • Sheppard, K.W.1    Boone, K.M.2    Gracious, B.3
  • 206
    • 0034906106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
    • Voigt RG, Llorente AM, Jensen CL et al. (2001) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Pediatr 139, 189-196.
    • (2001) J Pediatr , vol.139 , pp. 189-196
    • Voigt, R.G.1    Llorente, A.M.2    Jensen, C.L.3
  • 207
    • 1842527941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of docosahexaenoic acid-containing food administration on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - A placebo-controlled double-blind study
    • Hirayama S, Hamazaki T & Terasawa K (2004) Effect of docosahexaenoic acid-containing food administration on symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - a placebo-controlled double-blind study. Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 467-473.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 467-473
    • Hirayama, S.1    Hamazaki, T.2    Terasawa, K.3
  • 208
    • 79955677328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot randomized controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorder
    • Bent S, Bertoglio K, Ashwood P et al. (2011) A pilot randomized controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 41, 545-554.
    • (2011) J Autism Dev Disord , vol.41 , pp. 545-554
    • Bent, S.1    Bertoglio, K.2    Ashwood, P.3
  • 209
    • 49949109533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in young adults with severe autism: An open label study
    • Politi P, Cena H, Comelli M et al. (2008) Behavioral effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in young adults with severe autism: an open label study. Arch Med Res 39, 682-685.
    • (2008) Arch Med Res , vol.39 , pp. 682-685
    • Politi, P.1    Cena, H.2    Comelli, M.3
  • 210
    • 33846620522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in children with autism: A double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study
    • Amminger GP, Berger GE, Schäfer MR et al. (2007) Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in children with autism: a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. Biol Psychiatry 61, 551-553.
    • (2007) Biol Psychiatry , vol.61 , pp. 551-553
    • Amminger, G.P.1    Berger, G.E.2    Schäfer, M.R.3
  • 211
    • 60449088923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial in children and adolescents
    • Johnson M, Ostlund S, Fransson G et al. (2009) Omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in children and adolescents. J Atten Disord 12, 394-401.
    • (2009) J Atten Disord , vol.12 , pp. 394-401
    • Johnson, M.1    Ostlund, S.2    Fransson, G.3
  • 212
    • 65249100693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of short-chain essential fatty acids on children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A double-blind placebo-controlled study
    • Raz R, Carasso RL & Yehuda S (2009) The influence of short-chain essential fatty acids on children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 19, 167-177.
    • (2009) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 167-177
    • Raz, R.1    Carasso, R.L.2    Yehuda, S.3
  • 213
    • 84901639042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with autism
    • Voigt RG, Mellon MW, Katusic SK et al. (2014) Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in children with autism. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 58, 715-722.
    • (2014) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 715-722
    • Voigt, R.G.1    Mellon, M.W.2    Katusic, S.K.3
  • 214
    • 84925280813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of young children with autism
    • Mankad D, Dupuis A, Smile S et al. (2015) A randomized, placebo controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of young children with autism. Mol Autism 6, 18.
    • (2015) Mol Autism , vol.6 , pp. 18
    • Mankad, D.1    Dupuis, A.2    Smile, S.3
  • 215
    • 84867151811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of micronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition, learning, and behaviour: Methodological considerations and implications for children and adolescents in developed societies
    • Frensham LJ, Bryan J & Parletta N (2012) Influences of micronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition, learning, and behaviour: methodological considerations and implications for children and adolescents in developed societies. Nutr Rev 70, 594-610.
    • (2012) Nutr Rev , vol.70 , pp. 594-610
    • Frensham, L.J.1    Bryan, J.2    Parletta, N.3
  • 216
    • 85021855052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ω-3 Fatty acid supplementation does not affect autism spectrum disorder in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Horvath A, Łukasik J & Szajewska H (2017) ω-3 Fatty acid supplementation does not affect autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nutr 147, 367-376.
    • (2017) J Nutr , vol.147 , pp. 367-376
    • Horvath, A.1    Łukasik, J.2    Szajewska, H.3
  • 217
    • 85013499649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and autism spectrum disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and randomised controlled trials
    • Mazahery H, Stonehouse W, Delshad M et al. (2017) Relationship between long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and randomised controlled trials. Nutrients 9, 155.
    • (2017) Nutrients , vol.9 , pp. 155
    • Mazahery, H.1    Stonehouse, W.2    Delshad, M.3
  • 218
    • 84946558232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on emotional dysregulation, oppositional behaviour and conduct problems in ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Cooper RE, Tye C, Kuntsi J et al. (2016) The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on emotional dysregulation, oppositional behaviour and conduct problems in ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 190, 474-482.
    • (2016) J Affect Disord , vol.190 , pp. 474-482
    • Cooper, R.E.1    Tye, C.2    Kuntsi, J.3
  • 219
    • 85041459913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials and biological studies
    • (In the Press)
    • Chang JC, Su KP, Mondelli V et al. (2017) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials and biological studies. Neuropsychopharmacol (In the Press).
    • (2017) Neuropsychopharmacol
    • Chang, J.C.1    Su, K.P.2    Mondelli, V.3
  • 220
    • 85041669720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do omega-3/6 fatty acids have a therapeutic role in children and young people with ADHD?
    • (In the Press)
    • Derbyshire E (2017) Do omega-3/6 fatty acids have a therapeutic role in children and young people with ADHD? J Lipids (In the Press).
    • (2017) J Lipids
    • Derbyshire, E.1
  • 221
    • 0019362033 scopus 로고
    • The major psychoses and neuroses as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate pellagra
    • Rudin DO (1981) The major psychoses and neuroses as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: substrate pellagra. Biol Psychiatry 16, 837-850.
    • (1981) Biol Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 837-850
    • Rudin, D.O.1
  • 222
    • 0032542958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish consumption and major depression
    • Hibbeln JR (1998) Fish consumption and major depression. Lancet 351, 1213.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1213
    • Hibbeln, J.R.1
  • 223
    • 0042850504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids in major depressive disorder. A preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Su KP, Huang SY, Chiu CC et al. (2003) Omega-3 fatty acids in major depressive disorder. A preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 13, 267-271.
    • (2003) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.13 , pp. 267-271
    • Su, K.P.1    Huang, S.Y.2    Chiu, C.C.3
  • 224
    • 0037844785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of major depression
    • Marangell LB, Martinez JM, Zboyan HA et al. (2003) A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of major depression. Am J Psychiatry 160, 996-998.
    • (2003) Am J Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 996-998
    • Marangell, L.B.1    Martinez, J.M.2    Zboyan, H.A.3
  • 225
    • 0032909325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega 3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder: A preliminary doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Stoll AL, Severus WE, Freeman MP et al. (1999) Omega 3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder: a preliminary doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56, 407-412.
    • (1999) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 407-412
    • Stoll, A.L.1    Severus, W.E.2    Freeman, M.P.3
  • 226
    • 0036190807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of omega-3 fatty acid to maintenance medication treatment for recurrent unipolar depressive disorder
    • Nemets B, Stahl Z & Belmaker RH (2002) Addition of omega-3 fatty acid to maintenance medication treatment for recurrent unipolar depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 159, 477-479.
    • (2002) Am J Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 477-479
    • Nemets, B.1    Stahl, Z.2    Belmaker, R.H.3
  • 227
    • 84977128122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis and meta-regression of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for major depressive disorder
    • Mocking RJ, Harmsen I, Assies J et al. (2016) Meta-analysis and meta-regression of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 6, e756.
    • (2016) Transl Psychiatry , vol.6 , pp. e756
    • Mocking, R.J.1    Harmsen, I.2    Assies, J.3
  • 228
    • 84555220604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in clinical trials in depression
    • Sublette ME, Ellis SP, Geant AL et al. (2012) Meta-analysis of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in clinical trials in depression. J Clin Psychiatry 72, 1577-1584.
    • (2012) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.72 , pp. 1577-1584
    • Sublette, M.E.1    Ellis, S.P.2    Geant, A.L.3
  • 229
    • 84856252541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 for bipolar disorder: Meta-analyses of use in mania and bipolar depression
    • Sarris J, Mischoulon D & Schweitzer I (2012) Omega-3 for bipolar disorder: meta-analyses of use in mania and bipolar depression. J Clin Psychiatry 73, 81-86.
    • (2012) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.73 , pp. 81-86
    • Sarris, J.1    Mischoulon, D.2    Schweitzer, I.3
  • 230
    • 84960403630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ω-3 Fatty acids for major depressive disorder in adults: An abridged Cochrane review
    • Appleton KM, Sallis HM, Perry R et al. (2016) ω-3 Fatty acids for major depressive disorder in adults: an abridged Cochrane review. BMJ Open 6, e010172.
    • (2016) BMJ Open , vol.6 , pp. e010172
    • Appleton, K.M.1    Sallis, H.M.2    Perry, R.3
  • 231
    • 0029031515 scopus 로고
    • Depleted red cell membrane essential fatty acids in drug-treated schizophrenic patients
    • Peet M, Laugharne J, Rangarajan N et al. (1995) Depleted red cell membrane essential fatty acids in drug-treated schizophrenic patients. J Psychiatr Res 29, 227-232.
    • (1995) J Psychiatr Res , vol.29 , pp. 227-232
    • Peet, M.1    Laugharne, J.2    Rangarajan, N.3
  • 232
    • 0028064589 scopus 로고
    • Red blood cell membrane dynamics in schizophrenia. II. Fatty acid composition
    • Yao JK, van Kammen DP & Welker JA (1994) Red blood cell membrane dynamics in schizophrenia. II. Fatty acid composition. Schizophr Res 13, 217-226.
    • (1994) Schizophr Res , vol.13 , pp. 217-226
    • Yao, J.K.1    Van Kammen, D.P.2    Welker, J.A.3
  • 233
    • 0028299446 scopus 로고
    • A red cell membrane abnormality in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients: Evidence for two diseases
    • Glen AI, Glen EM, Horrobin DF et al. (1994) A red cell membrane abnormality in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients: evidence for two diseases. Schizophr Res 12, 53-61.
    • (1994) Schizophr Res , vol.12 , pp. 53-61
    • Glen, A.I.1    Glen, E.M.2    Horrobin, D.F.3
  • 234
    • 0031781242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in the diet and in red blood cell membranes of depressed patients
    • Edwards R, Peet M, Shay J et al. (1998) Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in the diet and in red blood cell membranes of depressed patients. J Affect Disord 48, 149-155.
    • (1998) J Affect Disord , vol.48 , pp. 149-155
    • Edwards, R.1    Peet, M.2    Shay, J.3
  • 235
    • 84876876481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red blood cell polyunsaturated fatty acids measured in red blood cells and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
    • Hoen WP, Lijmer JG, Duran M et al. (2013) Red blood cell polyunsaturated fatty acids measured in red blood cells and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 207, 1-12.
    • (2013) Psychiatry Res , vol.207 , pp. 1-12
    • Hoen, W.P.1    Lijmer, J.G.2    Duran, M.3
  • 236
    • 0035971559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two doubleblind placebo-controlled pilot studies of eicosapentaenoic acid in the treatment of schizophrenia
    • Peet M, Brind J, Ramchand CN et al. (2001) Two doubleblind placebo-controlled pilot studies of eicosapentaenoic acid in the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 49, 243-251.
    • (2001) Schizophr Res , vol.49 , pp. 243-251
    • Peet, M.1    Brind, J.2    Ramchand, C.N.3
  • 237
    • 0036790628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dose-ranging study of the effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate in patients with ongoing depression despite apparently adequate treatment with standard drugs
    • Peet M & Horrobin DF (2002) A dose-ranging study of the effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate in patients with ongoing depression despite apparently adequate treatment with standard drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59, 913-919.
    • (2002) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 913-919
    • Peet, M.1    Horrobin, D.F.2
  • 238
    • 0035190361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acid (ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid) supplementation for residual symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
    • Fenton WS, Dickerson F, Boronow J et al. (2001) A placebo-controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acid (ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid) supplementation for residual symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 158, 2071-2074.
    • (2001) Am J Psychiatry , vol.158 , pp. 2071-2074
    • Fenton, W.S.1    Dickerson, F.2    Boronow, J.3
  • 239
    • 0036712807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, placebo-controlled study of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid as supplemental treatment in schizophrenia
    • Emsley R, Myburgh C, Oosthuizen P et al. (2002) Randomized, placebo-controlled study of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid as supplemental treatment in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 159, 1596-1598.
    • (2002) Am J Psychiatry , vol.159 , pp. 1596-1598
    • Emsley, R.1    Myburgh, C.2    Oosthuizen, P.3
  • 240
    • 84959011001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia
    • Pawełczyk T, Grancow-Grabka M, Kotlicka-Antczak M et al. (2016) A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 73, 34-44.
    • (2016) J Psychiatr Res , vol.73 , pp. 34-44
    • Pawełczyk, T.1    Grancow-Grabka, M.2    Kotlicka-Antczak, M.3
  • 241
    • 33750117348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for schizophrenia
    • Joy CB, Mumby-Croft R & Joy LA (2006) Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3, CD001257.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.3 , pp. CD001257
    • Joy, C.B.1    Mumby-Croft, R.2    Joy, L.A.3
  • 242
    • 0037225853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-3 fatty acid treatment of women with borderline personality disorder: A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study
    • Zanarini MC & Frankenburg FR (2003) N-3 fatty acid treatment of women with borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Am J Psychiatry 160, 167-169.
    • (2003) Am J Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 167-169
    • Zanarini, M.C.1    Frankenburg, F.R.2
  • 243
    • 0030029457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of docosahexaenoic acid on aggression in young adults. A placebo-controlled double-blind study
    • Hamazaki T, Sawazaki S, Itomura M et al. (1996) The effect of docosahexaenoic acid on aggression in young adults. A placebo-controlled double-blind study. J Clin Invest 97, 1129-1133.
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 1129-1133
    • Hamazaki, T.1    Sawazaki, S.2    Itomura, M.3
  • 244
    • 0036120698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of docosahexaenoic acid on aggression in elderly Thai subjects-A placebo-controlled double-blind study
    • Hamazaki T, Thienprasert A, Kheovichai K et al. (2002) The effect of docosahexaenoic acid on aggression in elderly Thai subjects-a placebo-controlled double-blind study. Nutr Neurosci 5, 37-41.
    • (2002) Nutr Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 37-41
    • Hamazaki, T.1    Thienprasert, A.2    Kheovichai, K.3
  • 245
    • 0031942410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional membrane phospholipid alterations in Alzheimer's disease
    • Prasad MR, Lovell MA, Yatin M et al. (1998) Regional membrane phospholipid alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Res 23, 81-88.
    • (1998) Neurochem Res , vol.23 , pp. 81-88
    • Prasad, M.R.1    Lovell, M.A.2    Yatin, M.3
  • 246
    • 0037650162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low serum cholesteryl ester-docosahexaenoic acid levels in Alzheimer's disease: A case-control study
    • Tully AM, Roche HM, Doyle R et al. (2003) Low serum cholesteryl ester-docosahexaenoic acid levels in Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study. Brit J Nutr 89, 483-489.
    • (2003) Brit J Nutr , vol.89 , pp. 483-489
    • Tully, A.M.1    Roche, H.M.2    Doyle, R.3
  • 247
    • 84859374049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma and brain fatty acid profile in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
    • Cunnane SC, Schneider JA, Tangney C et al. (2012) Plasma and brain fatty acid profile in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 29, 691-697.
    • (2012) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.29 , pp. 691-697
    • Cunnane, S.C.1    Schneider, J.A.2    Tangney, C.3
  • 248
    • 0025913434 scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids in aging and in Alzheimer's disease
    • Soderberg M, Edlund C, Kristensson K et al. (1991) Fatty acid composition of brain phospholipids in aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Lipids 26, 421-425.
    • (1991) Lipids , vol.26 , pp. 421-425
    • Soderberg, M.1    Edlund, C.2    Kristensson, K.3
  • 249
    • 0034500422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid analysis of blood plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease, other types of dementia, and cognitive impairment
    • Conquer JA, Tierney MC, Zecevic J et al. (2000) Fatty acid analysis of blood plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease, other types of dementia, and cognitive impairment. Lipids 35, 1305-1312.
    • (2000) Lipids , vol.35 , pp. 1305-1312
    • Conquer, J.A.1    Tierney, M.C.2    Zecevic, J.3
  • 250
    • 84950170862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A 6-month randomised controlled trial
    • Sinn N, Milte CM, Street SJ et al. (2012) Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial. Brit J Nutr 107, 1682-1693.
    • (2012) Brit J Nutr , vol.107 , pp. 1682-1693
    • Sinn, N.1    Milte, C.M.2    Street, S.J.3
  • 251
    • 84863946102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of Souvenaid in mild Alzheimer's disease: Results from a randomized, controlled trial
    • Scheltens P, Twisk JW, Blesa R et al. (2012) Efficacy of Souvenaid in mild Alzheimer's disease: results from a randomized, controlled trial. J Alzheimers Dis 31, 225-236.
    • (2012) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.31 , pp. 225-236
    • Scheltens, P.1    Twisk, J.W.2    Blesa, R.3
  • 252
    • 78049407029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: A randomized trial
    • Quinn JF, Raman R, Thomas RG et al. (2010) Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease: a randomized trial. J Am Med Assoc 304, 1903-1911.
    • (2010) J Am Med Assoc , vol.304 , pp. 1903-1911
    • Quinn, J.F.1    Raman, R.2    Thomas, R.G.3
  • 253
    • 33749633921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid treatment in 174 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: OmegAD study: A randomized double-blind trial
    • Freund-Levi Y, Eriksdotter-Jönhagen M, Cederholm T et al. (2006) Omega-3 fatty acid treatment in 174 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: OmegAD study: a randomized double-blind trial. Arch Neurol 63, 1402-1408.
    • (2006) Arch Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 1402-1408
    • Freund-Levi, Y.1    Eriksdotter-Jönhagen, M.2    Cederholm, T.3
  • 254
    • 39749095115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 supplementation in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: Effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms
    • Freund-Levi Y, Basun H, Cederholm T et al. (2008) Omega-3 supplementation in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 23, 161-169.
    • (2008) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 161-169
    • Freund-Levi, Y.1    Basun, H.2    Cederholm, T.3
  • 255
    • 33748534825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary supplementation of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids improves cognitive dysfunction
    • Kotani S, Sakaguchi E, Warashina S et al. (2006) Dietary supplementation of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids improves cognitive dysfunction. Neurosci Res 56, 159-164.
    • (2006) Neurosci Res , vol.56 , pp. 159-164
    • Kotani, S.1    Sakaguchi, E.2    Warashina, S.3
  • 257
    • 84945232266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition and mood in individuals with cognitive impairment and probable Alzheimer's disease: A randomised controlled trial
    • Phillips MA, Childs CE, Calder PC et al. (2015) No effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cognition and mood in individuals with cognitive impairment and probable Alzheimer's disease: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Mol Sci 16, 24600-24613.
    • (2015) Int J Mol Sci , vol.16 , pp. 24600-24613
    • Phillips, M.A.1    Childs, C.E.2    Calder, P.C.3
  • 258
    • 84873035505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia
    • Sydenham E, Dangour AD & Lim WS (2012) Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 6, CD005379.
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.6 , pp. CD005379
    • Sydenham, E.1    Dangour, A.D.2    Lim, W.S.3
  • 259
    • 84962091293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline in the elderly: A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Zhang XW, Hou WS, Li M et al. (2016) Omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline in the elderly: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Aging Clin Exp Res 28, 165-166.
    • (2016) Aging Clin Exp Res , vol.28 , pp. 165-166
    • Zhang, X.W.1    Hou, W.S.2    Li, M.3
  • 261
    • 85016730734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with or without multidomain intervention on cognitive function in elderly adults with memory complaints (MAPT): A randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • Andrieu S, Guyonnet S, Coley N et al. (2017) Effect of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with or without multidomain intervention on cognitive function in elderly adults with memory complaints (MAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 16, 377-389.
    • (2017) Lancet Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 377-389
    • Andrieu, S.1    Guyonnet, S.2    Coley, N.3
  • 262
    • 0032802412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essentiality and recommended dietary intakes for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids
    • Simopolous AP, Leaf A & Salem N (1999) Essentiality and recommended dietary intakes for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Ann Nutr Metab 43, 127-130.
    • (1999) Ann Nutr Metab , vol.43 , pp. 127-130
    • Simopolous, A.P.1    Leaf, A.2    Salem, N.3
  • 263
  • 267
    • 77954879552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol
    • European Food Safety Authority (2010) Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and cholesterol. EFSA J 8, 1461.
    • (2010) EFSA J , vol.8 , pp. 1461
  • 268
    • 33746222012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The independent effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors in humans
    • Mori TA & Woodman RJ (2006) The independent effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors in humans. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 9, 95-104.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.9 , pp. 95-104
    • Mori, T.A.1    Woodman, R.J.2
  • 269
    • 81155139591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid versus docosahexaenoic acid on serum lipids: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Wei MY & Jacobson TA (2011) Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid versus docosahexaenoic acid on serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 13, 474-483.
    • (2011) Curr Atheroscler Rep , vol.13 , pp. 474-483
    • Wei, M.Y.1    Jacobson, T.A.2
  • 271
    • 84909996616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 long chain fatty acid 'bioavailability': A review of evidence and methodological considerations
    • Ghasemifard S, Turchini GM & Sinclair AJ (2014) Omega-3 long chain fatty acid 'bioavailability': a review of evidence and methodological considerations. Prog Lipid Res 56, 92-108.
    • (2014) Prog Lipid Res , vol.56 , pp. 92-108
    • Ghasemifard, S.1    Turchini, G.M.2    Sinclair, A.J.3
  • 272
    • 84964792186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced bioavailability of EPA from emulsified fish oil preparations versus capsular triacylglycerol
    • Raatz SK, Johnson LK & Bukowski MR (2016) Enhanced bioavailability of EPA from emulsified fish oil preparations versus capsular triacylglycerol. Lipids 51, 643-651.
    • (2016) Lipids , vol.51 , pp. 643-651
    • Raatz, S.K.1    Johnson, L.K.2    Bukowski, M.R.3
  • 273
    • 84988290496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modifying the lipid content and composition of plant seeds: Engineering the production of LC-PUFA
    • Ruiz-Lopez N, Usher S, Sayanova OV et al. (2015) Modifying the lipid content and composition of plant seeds: engineering the production of LC-PUFA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 143-154.
    • (2015) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.99 , pp. 143-154
    • Ruiz-Lopez, N.1    Usher, S.2    Sayanova, O.V.3
  • 274
    • 84872262380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stearidonic acid as a supplemental source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance status for improved human health
    • Walker CG, Jebb SA & Calder PC (2013) Stearidonic acid as a supplemental source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance status for improved human health. Nutrition 29, 363-369.
    • (2013) Nutrition , vol.29 , pp. 363-369
    • Walker, C.G.1    Jebb, S.A.2    Calder, P.C.3
  • 275
    • 0038135045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of stearidonic acid in human subjects: Comparison with the metabolism of other n-3 fatty acids
    • James MJ, Ursin VM & Cleland LG (2003) Metabolism of stearidonic acid in human subjects: comparison with the metabolism of other n-3 fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 1140-1145.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 1140-1145
    • James, M.J.1    Ursin, V.M.2    Cleland, L.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.