Combined ω3 and ω6 supplementation in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) refractory to methylphenidate treatment: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Journal of Child Neurology

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 747-753

  Perera, Hemamali ^a,b   Jeewandara, Kamal Chandima ^b   Seneviratne, Sudarshi ^a,b   Guruge, Chandima ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO   (Sri Lanka)

^b LADY RIDGEWAY HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN   (Sri Lanka)

Author keywords

3 and 6; ADHD; behavior problems; comorbidity; learning difficulties

Indexed keywords

METHYLPHENIDATE; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID PLUS OMEGA 6 FATTY ACID; OMEGA 6 FATTY ACID; PLACEBO; PRIMROSE OIL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VEGEPA;

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; AGGRESSIVENESS; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CHECKLIST; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISTRACTIBILITY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMPULSIVENESS; LEARNING DISORDER; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OUTCOME VARIABLE; PILOT STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESTLESSNESS; SCHOOL CHILD; SELF EVALUATION; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SUPPLEMENTATION; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; CHILD; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-3; FATTY ACIDS, OMEGA-6; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; MALE; METHYLPHENIDATE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84861325209     PISSN: 08830738     EISSN: 17088283     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0883073811435243     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. DiScala C, Lescohier I, Barthel M, Li G. Injuries to chidren with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 1998 ; 102 (6). 1415-1421
2. Barkley RA, Murphy KR, Kwasnik D. Motor vehicle driving competencies and risks in teens and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 1996 ; 98 ((6 pt 1)). 1089-1095
3. Manuzza S, Kein RG, Bessler A, et al. Educational and occupational outcome of hyperactive children grown up. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 ; 36 (9). 1222-1227
4. Abikoff H, Hechtman L, Klein RG, et al. Symptomatic improvement in children with ADHD treated with long-term methylphenidate and multimodal psychosocial treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004 ; 43 (7). 802-811
5. 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999 ; 56 (12). 1073-1086
6. Pliszka SR, Crismon ML, Hughes CW, et al. The Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project: revision of the algorithm for pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006 ; 45 (6). 642-657
7. Biederman J, Monuteaux MC, Mick E, et al. Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 10-year follow-up study. Psycho Med. 2006 ; 36 (2). 167-179
8. Jensen PS, Hinshaw SP, Kraemer HC, et al. ADHD comorbidity findings from the MTA study: comparing comorbid subgroups. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 ; 40 (2). 147-158
9. Blader JC, Pliszka SR, Jensen PS, et al. Stimulant-responsive and stimulant-refractory aggressive behavior among children with ADHD. Pediatrics. 2010 ; 126 (4). e796-806
10. Connor DF, Ozbayrak KR, Kusiak KA, Caponi AB. Combined pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents in a residential treatment center. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 ; 36 (2). 248-254
11. Safer DJ. Changing patterns of psychotropic medications prescribed by child psychiatrists in the 1990 s. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 1997 ; 7 (4). 267-274
12. Blader JC. Pharmacotherapy and postdischarge outcomes of child inpatients admitted for aggressive behavior. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 ; 26 (4). 419-425
13. Patel NC, Crismon ML, Hoagwood K, et al. Trends in the use of typical and atypical antipsychotics in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 ; 44 (6). 548-556
14. Patel NC, Crismon ML, Hoagwood K, et al. Risperidone effects in the presence/absence of psychostimulant medicine in children with ADHD, other disruptive behavior disorders, and subaverage IQ. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2004 ; 14 (2). 243-254
15. Blader JC, Schooler NR, Jensen PS, et al. Adjunctive divalproex versus placebo for children with ADHD and aggression refractory to stimulant monotherapy. Am J Psychiatry. 2009 ; 166 (12). 1392-1401
16. ColterALCutlerCMecklingKA. Fatty acid status and behavioral symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents: a case control study. Nutr J. 2008;7. http://www.nutritionj.com/content/7/1/8Accessed July 15, 2011.
17. Richardson AJ, Ross MA. Fatty acid metabolism in neurodevelopmental disorder: a new perspective on associations between attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia, dyspraxia and the autistic spectrum. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2000 ; 63 (1-2). 1-9
18. Bourre JM, Durand G, Pascal G, Youyou A. Brain cell and tissue recovery in rats made deficient in n-3 fatty acids by alteration of dietary fat. J Nutr. 1989 ; 119 (12). 15-22
19. Gesch MJ, Hammond SM, Hampson SE, et al. Influence of supplementary vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids on the antisocial behavior of young adult prisoners: randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2002 ; 181: 22-28
20. Johnson M, Ostlund S, Fransson G, et al. Omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled trial in children and adolescents. J Atten Disord. 2009 ; 12 (5). 394-401
21. Richardson AJ, Puri BK. A randomized double-blind, placebo controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2002 ; 26 (2). 233-239
22. Stevens L, Zhang W, Peck L, et al. EFA supplementation in children with inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behaviours. Lipids. 2003 ; 38 (10). 1007-1021
23. Richardson AJ, Montgomery P. The Oxford-Durham Study: a randomized, controlled trial of dietary supplementation with fatty acids in children with developmental coordination disorder. Pediatrics. 2005 ; 115 (5). 1360-1366
24. Aben A, Danckaerts M. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD [abstract in English]. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie. 2010 ; 52 (2). 89-97
25. Chalon S. The role of fatty acids in the treatment of ADHD. Neuropharmacology. 2009 ; 57 (7-8). 636-639
26. Raz R, Gabis L. Essential fatty acids and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009 ; 51 (8). 580-592
27. Transler C, Eilander A, Mitchell S, van de Meer N. The impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids in reducing child attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. J Atten Disord. 2010 ; 14 (3). 232-246
28. Virkunen ME, Horrobin DF, Jenkins DK, Manku MS. Plasma phospholipids, essential fatty acids and prostaglandins in alcoholic, habitually violent and impulsive offenders. Biol Psychiatry. 1987 ; 22 (9). 1087-1096
29. Perera H, Jeevandara KC, Seneviratne S, Guruge C. Assessment of outcome of an ADHD treatment programme using parent feedback. Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry. 2010 ; 1 (2). 51-55