메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 409-443

Impact of hexavalent chromium on mammalian cell bioenergetics: Phenotypic changes, molecular basis and potential relevance to chromate-induced lung cancer

Author keywords

Chromate induced lung cancer; Energy metabolism; Hexavalent chromium; Oxidative stress; Warburg effect

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; CELL PROTEIN; CHROMIC ACID; CHROMIUM; GLUCOSE; LACTIC ACID;

EID: 84902545114     PISSN: 09660844     EISSN: 15728773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9726-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (206)
  • 1
    • 78650522773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chromium and cobalt ions on phase I and phase II enzymatic activities in vitro in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes
    • doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2010.10.003
    • Afolaranmi GA, Henderson C, Grant MH (2011) Effect of chromium and cobalt ions on phase I and phase II enzymatic activities in vitro in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 25(1):125-130. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2010.10.003
    • (2011) Toxicol in Vitro , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 125-130
    • Afolaranmi, G.A.1    Henderson, C.2    Grant, M.H.3
  • 2
    • 84155172989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cr(VI) induces lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and alters the activities of antioxidant enzymes in human erythrocytes
    • doi:10.1007/s12011-011-9119-5
    • Ahmad MK, Syma S, Mahmood R (2011) Cr(VI) induces lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and alters the activities of antioxidant enzymes in human erythrocytes.Biol Trace Elem Res 144(1-3):426-435. doi:10.1007/s12011-011-9119-5
    • (2011) Biol Trace Elem Res , vol.144 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 426-435
    • Ahmad, M.K.1    Syma, S.2    Mahmood, R.3
  • 7
    • 37849043898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase by hydrogen peroxide: Glutathionylation and protection of lipoic acid
    • doi:10.1021/bi7017464
    • Applegate MA, Humphries KM, Szweda LI (2008) Reversible inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase by hydrogen peroxide: glutathionylation and protection of lipoic acid. Biochemistry 47(1):473-478. doi:10.1021/bi7017464
    • (2008) Biochemistry , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 473-478
    • Applegate, M.A.1    Humphries, K.M.2    Szweda, L.I.3
  • 8
    • 33644872764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence specificity of Cr(III)-DNA adduct formation in the p53 gene: NGG sequences are preferential adduct-forming sites
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgi249
    • Arakawa H, Wu F, Costa M, Rom W, Tang MS (2006) Sequence specificity of Cr(III)-DNA adduct formation in the p53 gene: NGG sequences are preferential adduct-forming sites. Carcinogenesis 27(3):639-645. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgi249 (Pubitemid 43372892)
    • (2006) Carcinogenesis , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 639-645
    • Arakawa, H.1    Wu, F.2    Costa, M.3    Rom, W.4    Tang, M.-S.5
  • 9
    • 70350665844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetics in metal carcinogenesis: Nickel, arsenic, chromium and cadmium
    • doi:10.1039/b903049b
    • Arita A, Costa M (2009) Epigenetics in metal carcinogenesis: nickel, arsenic, chromium and cadmium. Metallomics 1(3):222-228. doi:10.1039/b903049b
    • (2009) Metallomics , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 222-228
    • Arita, A.1    Costa, M.2
  • 10
    • 0033775891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological functions of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase
    • Arner ES, Holmgren A (2000) Physiological functions of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase. Eur J Biochem 267(20):6102-6109
    • (2000) Eur J Biochem , vol.267 , Issue.20 , pp. 6102-6109
    • Arner, E.S.1    Holmgren, A.2
  • 11
    • 0014353859 scopus 로고
    • The energy charge of the adenylate pool as a regulatory parameter. Interaction with feedback modifiers
    • doi:10.1021/bi00851a033
    • Atkinson DE (1968) The energy charge of the adenylate pool as a regulatory parameter. Interaction with feedback modifiers. Biochemistry 7(11):4030-4034. doi:10.1021/bi00851a033
    • (1968) Biochemistry , vol.7 , Issue.11 , pp. 4030-4034
    • Atkinson, D.E.1
  • 12
    • 0034807853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium (VI)-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death and modulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1017958028256
    • Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ (2001) Chromium (VI)-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death and modulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene.Mol Cell Biochem222(1-2):149-158. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0793-2-18 (Pubitemid 32910331)
    • (2001) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.222 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 149-158
    • Bagchi, D.1    Bagchi, M.2    Stohs, S.J.3
  • 13
    • 0032974528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium
    • doi:10.1081/CLT-100102418
    • Barceloux DG (1999) Chromium. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37(2):173-194. doi:10.1081/CLT-100102418
    • (1999) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-194
    • Barceloux, D.G.1
  • 14
    • 33745918951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TIGAR, a p53-Inducible Regulator of Glycolysis and Apoptosis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.036, PII S0092867406007628
    • Bensaad K, Tsuruta A, Selak MA, Vidal MN, Nakano K, Bartrons R, Gottlieb E, Vousden KH (2006) TIGAR, a p53-inducible regulator of glycolysis and apoptosis. Cell 126(1):107-120. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.036 (Pubitemid 44040989)
    • (2006) Cell , vol.126 , Issue.1 , pp. 107-120
    • Bensaad, K.1    Tsuruta, A.2    Selak, M.A.3    Vidal, M.N.C.4    Nakano, K.5    Bartrons, R.6    Gottlieb, E.7    Vousden, K.H.8
  • 16
    • 0019165652 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of chromium toxicity in mammalian cell cultures
    • doi:10.1016/0300-483X(80)90097-9
    • Bianchi V, Dal Toso R, Debetto P, Levis AG, Luciani S, Majone F, Tamino G (1980) Mechanisms of chromium toxicity in mammalian cell cultures. Toxicology 17(2):219-224. doi:10.1016/0300-483X(80)90097-9
    • (1980) Toxicology , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-224
    • Bianchi, V.1    Dal Toso, R.2    Debetto, P.3    Levis, A.G.4    Luciani, S.5    Majone, F.6    Tamino, G.7
  • 17
    • 0020469349 scopus 로고
    • Effects of hexavalent chromium on the adenylate pool of hamster fibroblasts
    • doi:10.1016/0300-483X(82)90081-6
    • Bianchi V, Debetto P, Zantedeschi A, Levis AG (1982) Effects of hexavalent chromium on the adenylate pool of hamster fibroblasts. Toxicology 25(1):19-30. doi:10.1016/0300-483X(82)90081-6
    • (1982) Toxicology , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-30
    • Bianchi, V.1    Debetto, P.2    Zantedeschi, A.3    Levis, A.G.4
  • 18
    • 31044455445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox modifications of protein-thiols: Emerging roles in cell signaling
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.10.044, PII S0006295205007173
    • Biswas S, Chida AS, Rahman I (2006) Redox modifications of protein-thiols: emerging roles in cell signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 71(5):551-564. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2005.10.044 (Pubitemid 43121989)
    • (2006) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 551-564
    • Biswas, S.1    Chida, A.S.2    Rahman, I.3
  • 19
    • 44649163957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reductive activation of hexavalent chromium by human lung epithelial cells: Generation of Cr(V) and Cr(V)-thiol species
    • doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.12.030
    • Borthiry GR, Antholine WE, Myers JM, Myers CR (2008) Reductive activation of hexavalent chromium by human lung epithelial cells: generation of Cr(V) and Cr(V)-thiol species. J Inorg Biochem 102(7):1449-1462. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio. 2007.12.030
    • (2008) J Inorg Biochem , vol.102 , Issue.7 , pp. 1449-1462
    • Borthiry, G.R.1    Antholine, W.E.2    Myers, J.M.3    Myers, C.R.4
  • 20
    • 0035834409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conserved family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases that modify HIF
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1066373
    • Bruick RK, McKnight SL (2001) A conserved family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases that modify HIF. Science 294(5545): 1337-1340. doi:10.1126/science.1066373 (Pubitemid 33063099)
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , Issue.5545 , pp. 1337-1340
    • Bruick, R.K.1    McKnight, S.L.2
  • 21
    • 0032498962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of NF-kappaB activity results in disruption of the apical ectodermal ridge and aberrant limb morphogenesis
    • DOI 10.1038/33435
    • Bushdid PB, Brantley DM, Yull FE, Blaeuer GL, Hoffman LH, Niswander L, Kerr LD (1998) Inhibition of NF-kappaB activity results in disruption of the apical ectodermal ridge and aberrant limb morphogenesis. Nature 392(6676):615-618. doi:10.1038/33435 (Pubitemid 28207720)
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , Issue.6676 , pp. 615-618
    • Bushdid, P.B.1    Brantley, D.M.2    Yull, F.E.3    Blaeuer, G.L.4    Hoffman, L.H.5    Niswander, L.6    Kerr, L.D.7
  • 24
    • 0033945339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium(VI) induces p53-dependent apoptosis in diploid human lung and mouse dermal fibroblasts
    • DOI 10.1002/1098-2744(200006)28:2<111::AID-MC7>
    • Carlisle DL, Pritchard DE, Singh J, Patierno SR (2000b) Chromium(VI) induces p53-dependent apoptosis in diploid human lung and mouse dermal fibroblasts. Mol Carcinog 28(2):111-118. doi:10.1002/1098-2744(200006)28: 2〈111:AID-MC7〉3.0.CO;2-Y (Pubitemid 30432479)
    • (2000) Molecular Carcinogenesis , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-118
    • Carlisle, D.L.1    Pritchard, D.E.2    Singh, J.3    Patierno, S.R.4
  • 25
    • 0032702701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium(VI)-mediated DNA damage: Oxidative pathways resulting in the formation of DNA breaks and abasic sites
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00128-3, PII S0009279799001283
    • Casadevall M, da Cruz Fresco P, Kortenkamp A (1999) Chromium(VI)-mediated DNA damage: oxidative pathways resulting in the formation of DNA breaks and abasic sites. Chem Biol Interact 123(2):117-132 (Pubitemid 29518340)
    • (1999) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.123 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-132
    • Casadevall, M.1    Da, C.F.P.2    Kortenkamp, A.3
  • 26
    • 84902549397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic Reprogramming elicited by carcinogenic chromium(VI) in human bronchial epithelial cells
    • Cerveira JF, Sánchez-Aragó M, Urbano AM, Cuezva JM (2013) Metabolic Reprogramming elicited by carcinogenic chromium(VI) in human bronchial epithelial cells. Rev Port Pneumol 19:11
    • (2013) Rev Port Pneumol , vol.19 , pp. 11
    • Cerveira, J.F.1    Sánchez-Aragó, M.2    Urbano, A.M.3    Cuezva, J.M.4
  • 29
    • 70449712602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel roles for GAPDH in cell death and carcinogenesis
    • doi:10.1038/cdd.2009.137
    • Colell A, Green DR, Ricci JE (2009) Novel roles for GAPDH in cell death and carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 16(12):1573-1581. doi:10.1038/cdd.2009.137
    • (2009) Cell Death Differ , vol.16 , Issue.12 , pp. 1573-1581
    • Colell, A.1    Green, D.R.2    Ricci, J.E.3
  • 32
    • 77953902669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of morphological changes in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells following chronic sub-cytotoxic and mildly cytotoxic hexavalent chromium exposures
    • doi:10.1002/mc.20624
    • Costa AN, Moreno V, Prieto MJ, Urbano AM, Alpoim MC (2010) Induction of morphological changes in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells following chronic sub-cytotoxic and mildly cytotoxic hexavalent chromium exposures. Mol Carcinog 49(6):582-591. doi:10.1002/mc.20624
    • (2010) Mol Carcinog , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 582-591
    • Costa, A.N.1    Moreno, V.2    Prieto, M.J.3    Urbano, A.M.4    Alpoim, M.C.5
  • 33
    • 0037363715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein carbonyl groups as biomarkers of oxidative stress
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-8981(03)00003-2
    • Dalle-Donne I, Rossi R, Giustarini D, Milzani A, Colombo R (2003) Protein carbonyl groups as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Clin Chim Acta 329(1-2):23-38 (Pubitemid 36187411)
    • (2003) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.329 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 23-38
    • Dalle-Donne, I.1    Rossi, R.2    Giustarini, D.3    Milzani, A.4    Colombo, R.5
  • 34
    • 59849129012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein S-glutathionylation: A regulatory device from bacteria to humans
    • doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2008.11.002
    • Dalle-Donne I, Rossi R, Colombo G, Giustarini D, Milzani A (2009) Protein S-glutathionylation: a regulatory device from bacteria to humans. Trends Biochem Sci 34(2):85-96. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2008.11.002
    • (2009) Trends Biochem Sci , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-96
    • Dalle-Donne, I.1    Rossi, R.2    Colombo, G.3    Giustarini, D.4    Milzani, A.5
  • 35
    • 84859171807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MYC on the path to cancer
    • doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.003
    • Dang CV (2012) MYC on the path to cancer. Cell 149(1):22-35. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.003
    • (2012) Cell , vol.149 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-35
    • Dang, C.V.1
  • 36
    • 0023926307 scopus 로고
    • Toxic effect of chromium on cellular metabolism
    • doi:10.1016/0048-9697(88)90209-4
    • Debetto P, Luciani S (1988) Toxic effect of chromium on cellular metabolism. Sci Total Environ 71(3):365-377. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(88)90209-4
    • (1988) Sci Total Environ , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 365-377
    • Debetto, P.1    Luciani, S.2
  • 37
    • 0019955540 scopus 로고
    • Effects of potassium dichromate on ATP content of mammalian cells cultured in vitro
    • DOI 10.1016/0009-2797(82)90013-8
    • Debetto P, Dal Toso R, Varotto R, Bianchi V, Luciani S (1982) Effects of potassium dichromate on ATP content of mammalian cells cultured in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 41(1):15-24. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(82)90013-8 (Pubitemid 12093696)
    • (1982) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-24
    • Debetto, P.1    Dal, T.R.2    Varotto, R.3
  • 38
    • 0024424383 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of chromium metabolism and genotoxicity
    • DeFlora SW, DeFlora KE (1989) Mechanism of chromium metabolism and genotoxicity. Life Chem Rep 7:169-244
    • (1989) Life Chem Rep , vol.7 , pp. 169-244
    • DeFlora, S.W.1    DeFlora, K.E.2
  • 40
    • 0031683957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Cr(VI) on the expression of the oxidative stress genes in human lung cells
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/19.8.1401
    • Dubrovskaya VA, Wetterhahn KE (1998) Effects of Cr(VI) on the expression of the oxidative stress genes in human lung cells. Carcinogenesis 19(8):1401-1407. doi:10.1093/carcin/19.8.1401 (Pubitemid 28409838)
    • (1998) Carcinogenesis , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 1401-1407
    • Dubrovskaya, V.A.1    Wetterhahn, K.E.2
  • 42
    • 34548690130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin C attenuates potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity and alterations in renal brush border membrane enzymes and phosphate transport in rats
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cca.2007.08.006, PII S0009898107004226
    • Fatima S, Mahmood R (2007) Vitamin C attenuates potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity and alterations in renal brush border membrane enzymes and phosphate transport in rats. Clin Chim Acta 386(1-2):94-99. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2007.08.006 (Pubitemid 47417969)
    • (2007) Clinica Chimica Acta , vol.386 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 94-99
    • Fatima, S.1    Mahmood, R.2
  • 43
    • 0025312728 scopus 로고
    • A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis
    • doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90186-I
    • Fearon ER, Vogelstein B (1990) A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 61(5):759-767. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90186-I
    • (1990) Cell , vol.61 , Issue.5 , pp. 759-767
    • Fearon, E.R.1    Vogelstein, B.2
  • 44
    • 77954310492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of energy metabolism and the IGF-1/mTOR pathways by the p53 protein
    • doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2010.03.004
    • Feng Z, Levine AJ (2010) The regulation of energy metabolism and the IGF-1/mTOR pathways by the p53 protein. Trends Cell Biol 20(7):427-434. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2010.03.004
    • (2010) Trends Cell Biol , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 427-434
    • Feng, Z.1    Levine, A.J.2
  • 46
    • 78249286217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer metabolism: The Warburg effect today
    • doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.08.006
    • Ferreira LM (2010) Cancer metabolism: the Warburg effect today. Exp Mol Pathol 89(3):372-380. doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.08.006
    • (2010) Exp Mol Pathol , vol.89 , Issue.3 , pp. 372-380
    • Ferreira, L.M.1
  • 47
    • 84902550241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of carcinogenic chromium(VI) on the energy metabolism of human bronchial epithelial cells
    • Ferreira LMR, Guiomar AJ, Santos MS, Alpoim MC, Urbano AM (2011) Impact of carcinogenic chromium(VI) on the energy metabolism of human bronchial epithelial cells. Acta Med Port 24(Suppl 1):P45
    • (2011) Acta Med Port , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 45
    • Ferreira, L.M.R.1    Guiomar, A.J.2    Santos, M.S.3    Alpoim, M.C.4    Urbano, A.M.5
  • 49
    • 42549123792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress as a component of chromium-induced cytotoxicity in rat calvarial osteoblasts
    • doi:10.1007/s10565-007-9029-7
    • Fu J, Liang X, Chen Y, Tang L, Zhang QH, Dong Q (2008) Oxidative stress as a component of chromium-induced cytotoxicity in rat calvarial osteoblasts. Cell Biol Toxicol 24(3):201-212. doi:10.1007/s10565-007-9029-7
    • (2008) Cell Biol Toxicol , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 201-212
    • Fu, J.1    Liang, X.2    Chen, Y.3    Tang, L.4    Zhang, Q.H.5    Dong, Q.6
  • 50
    • 0037160034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p38 signaling-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor induction by Cr(VI) in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells
    • DOI 10.1074/jbc.M202775200
    • Gao N, Jiang BH, Leonard SS, Corum L, Zhang Z, Roberts JR, Antonini J, Zheng JZ, Flynn DC, Castranova V, Shi X (2002) p38 Signaling-mediated hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor induction by Cr(VI) in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 277(47):45041-45048. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202775200 (Pubitemid 36159104)
    • (2002) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.277 , Issue.47 , pp. 45041-45048
    • Gao, N.1    Jiang, B.-H.2    Leonard, S.S.3    Corum, L.4    Zhang, Z.5    Roberts, J.R.6    Antonini, J.7    Zheng, J.Z.8    Flynn, D.C.9    Castranova, V.10    Shi, X.11
  • 51
    • 84881489444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Curcumin pretreatment prevents potassium dichromate-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, decreased respiratory complex I activity, and membrane permeability transition pore opening
    • doi:10.1155/2013/424692
    • Garcia-Nino WR, Tapia E, Zazueta C, Zatarain-Barron ZL, Hernandez-Pando R, Vega-Garcia CC, Pedraza-Chaverri J (2013) Curcumin pretreatment prevents potassium dichromate-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, decreased respiratory complex I activity, and membrane permeability transition pore opening. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013:424692. doi:10.1155/2013/424692
    • (2013) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med , vol.2013 , pp. 424692
    • Garcia-Nino, W.R.1    Tapia, E.2    Zazueta, C.3    Zatarain-Barron, Z.L.4    Hernandez-Pando, R.5    Vega-Garcia, C.C.6    Pedraza-Chaverri, J.7
  • 53
    • 84857143350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer cell metabolism, epigenetics and the potential influence of dietary components: A perspective
    • Gerhauser C (2012) Cancer cell metabolism, epigenetics and the potential influence of dietary components: a perspective. Biomed Res India 23:69-89
    • (2012) Biomed Res India , vol.23 , pp. 69-89
    • Gerhauser, C.1
  • 54
    • 4344693235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial signaling pathways: A receiver/integrator organelle
    • DOI 10.1023/B:MCBI.0000038228.85494.3b
    • Goldenthal MJ, Marin-Garcia J (2004) Mitochondrial signaling pathways: a receiver/integrator organelle. Mol Cell Biochem 262(1-2):1-16 (Pubitemid 39158049)
    • (2004) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.262 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 1-16
    • Goldenthal, M.J.1    Marin-Garcia, J.2
  • 55
    • 79960665821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in glucose uptake rate and in the energy status of PC-12 cells acutely exposed to hexavalent chromium, an established human carcinogen
    • doi:10.1080/02772248.2011.581340
    • Goncalves MJ, Santos ACC, Rodrigues CFD, Coelho P, Costa AN, Guiomar AJ, Santos MS, Alpoim MC, Urbano AM (2011) Changes in glucose uptake rate and in the energy status of PC-12 cells acutely exposed to hexavalent chromium, an established human carcinogen. Toxicol Environ Chem 93(6):1202-1211. doi:10.1080/02772248.2011.581340
    • (2011) Toxicol Environ Chem , vol.93 , Issue.6 , pp. 1202-1211
    • Goncalves, M.J.1    Santos, A.C.C.2    Rodrigues, C.F.D.3    Coelho, P.4    Costa, A.N.5    Guiomar, A.J.6    Santos, M.S.7    Alpoim, M.C.8    Urbano, A.M.9
  • 56
    • 0036561908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer
    • Hahn WC, Weinberg RA (2002) Modelling the molecular circuitry of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2(5):331-341. doi:10.1038/nrc795 (Pubitemid 37328946)
    • (2002) Nature Reviews Cancer , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 331-341
    • Hahn, W.C.1    Weinberg, R.A.2
  • 58
    • 18144364375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of p53 in hypoxiainduced apoptosis
    • doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.03.154
    • Hammond EM, Giaccia AJ (2005) The role of p53 in hypoxiainduced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 331(3):718-725. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005. 03.154
    • (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.331 , Issue.3 , pp. 718-725
    • Hammond, E.M.1    Giaccia, A.J.2
  • 59
    • 79952284127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation
    • doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013
    • Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144(5):646-674. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013
    • (2011) Cell , vol.144 , Issue.5 , pp. 646-674
    • Hanahan, D.1    Weinberg, R.A.2
  • 63
    • 0025894713 scopus 로고
    • p53 mutations in human cancers
    • Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B, Harris CC (1991) p53 mutations in human cancers. Science 253(5015):49-53. doi:10.1126/science.1905840 (Pubitemid 21917115)
    • (1991) Science , vol.253 , Issue.5015 , pp. 49-53
    • Hollsteln, M.1    Sidransky, D.2    Vogelstein, B.3    Harris, C.C.4
  • 64
    • 77952212178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutaminase 2, a novel p53 target gene regulating energy metabolism and antioxidant function
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.1001006107
    • Hu W, Zhang C, Wu R, Sun Y, Levine A, Feng Z (2010) Glutaminase 2, a novel p53 target gene regulating energy metabolism and antioxidant function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(16):7455-7460. doi:10.1073/pnas.1001006107
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.107 , Issue.16 , pp. 7455-7460
    • Hu, W.1    Zhang, C.2    Wu, R.3    Sun, Y.4    Levine, A.5    Feng, Z.6
  • 65
    • 79960006190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 13Cpyruvate imaging reveals alterations in glycolysis that precede c-Myc-induced tumor formation and regression
    • doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.04.012
    • Hu S, Balakrishnan A, Bok RA, Anderton B, Larson PE, Nelson SJ, Kurhanewicz J, Vigneron DB, Goga A (2011) 13Cpyruvate imaging reveals alterations in glycolysis that precede c-Myc-induced tumor formation and regression. Cell Metab 14(1):131-142. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.04.012
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-142
    • Hu, S.1    Balakrishnan, A.2    Bok, R.A.3    Anderton, B.4    Larson, P.E.5    Nelson, S.J.6    Kurhanewicz, J.7    Vigneron, D.B.8    Goga, A.9
  • 66
    • 33645680173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression and elevated serum levels of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    • doi:10.1002/pmic.200500345
    • Hwang TL, Liang Y, Chien KY, Yu JS (2006) Overexpression and elevated serum levels of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Proteomics 6(7):2259-2272. doi:10.1002/pmic.200500345
    • (2006) Proteomics , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 2259-2272
    • Hwang, T.L.1    Liang, Y.2    Chien, K.Y.3    Yu, J.S.4
  • 68
    • 6344238985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2
    • DOI 10.1021/tx049860+
    • Ishii T, Uchida K (2004) Induction of reversible cysteine-targeted protein oxidation by an endogenous electrophile 15-deoxy-delta12,14- prostaglandin J2. Chem Res Toxicol 17(10):1313-1322. doi:10.1021/tx049860? (Pubitemid 39391208)
    • (2004) Chemical Research in Toxicology , vol.17 , Issue.10 , pp. 1313-1322
    • Ishii, T.1    Uchida, K.2
  • 70
    • 0035961395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 plays a key role in human microsomal chromium(VI) reduction
    • DOI 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00378-4, PII S0300483X00003784
    • Jannetto PJ, Antholine WE, Myers CR (2001) Cytochrome b(5) plays a key role in human microsomal chromium(VI) reduction. Toxicology 159(3):119-133 (Pubitemid 32167016)
    • (2001) Toxicology , vol.159 , Issue.3 , pp. 119-133
    • Jannetto, P.J.1    Antholine, W.E.2    Myers, C.R.3
  • 71
    • 0016374197 scopus 로고
    • The inhibition of acetate, pyruvate, and 3-phosphogylcerate kinases by chromium adenosine triphosphate
    • Janson CA, Cleland WW (1974a) The inhibition of acetate, pyruvate, and 3-phosphogylcerate kinases by chromium adenosine triphosphate. J Biol Chem 249(8):2567-2571
    • (1974) J Biol Chem , vol.249 , Issue.8 , pp. 2567-2571
    • Janson, C.A.1    Cleland, W.W.2
  • 72
    • 0016379122 scopus 로고
    • The specificity of chromium nucleotides as inhibitors of selected kinases
    • Janson CA, Cleland WW (1974b) The specificity of chromium nucleotides as inhibitors of selected kinases. J Biol Chem 249(8):2572-2574
    • (1974) J Biol Chem , vol.249 , Issue.8 , pp. 2572-2574
    • Janson, C.A.1    Cleland, W.W.2
  • 73
    • 0012727524 scopus 로고
    • Microsomal reduction of the carcinogen chromate produces chromium(V)
    • doi:10.1021/ja00367a050
    • Jennette KW (1982) Microsomal reduction of the carcinogen chromate produces chromium(V). J Am Chem Soc 104(3):874-875. doi:10.1021/ja00367a050
    • (1982) J Am Chem Soc , vol.104 , Issue.3 , pp. 874-875
    • Jennette, K.W.1
  • 74
    • 61849135453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor suppressors and cell metabolism: A recipe for cancer growth
    • doi:10.1101/gad.1756509
    • Jones RG, Thompson CB (2009) Tumor suppressors and cell metabolism: a recipe for cancer growth. Genes Dev 23(5):537-548. doi:10.1101/gad.1756509
    • (2009) Genes Dev , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 537-548
    • Jones, R.G.1    Thompson, C.B.2
  • 75
    • 14044277556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox regulation of NF-kappaB activation: Distinct redox regulation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus
    • DOI 10.1089/ars.2005.7.395
    • Kabe Y, Ando K, Hirao S, Yoshida M, Handa H (2005) Redox regulation of NF-kappaB activation: distinct redox regulation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Antioxid Redox Signal 7(3-4):395-403. doi:10.1089/ars.2005.7.395 (Pubitemid 40279807)
    • (2005) Antioxidants and Redox Signaling , vol.7 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 395-403
    • Kabe, Y.1    Ando, K.2    Hirao, S.3    Yoshida, M.4    Handa, H.5
  • 76
    • 33947233726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ascorbate in the modulation of HIF-1alpha protein and HIF-dependent transcription by chromium(VI) and nickel(II)
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed. 2007.01.026
    • Kaczmarek M, Timofeeva OA, Karaczyn A, Malyguine A, Kasprzak KS, Salnikow K (2007) The role of ascorbate in the modulation of HIF-1alpha protein and HIF-dependent transcription by chromium(VI) and nickel(II). Free Radic Biol Med 42(8):1246-1257. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed. 2007.01.026
    • (2007) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1246-1257
    • Kaczmarek, M.1    Timofeeva, O.A.2    Karaczyn, A.3    Malyguine, A.4    Kasprzak, K.S.5    Salnikow, K.6
  • 78
    • 84856090681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting threads: Epigenetics and metabolism
    • doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.001
    • Katada S, Imhof A, Sassone-Corsi P (2012) Connecting threads: epigenetics and metabolism. Cell 148(1-2):24-28. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.001
    • (2012) Cell , vol.148 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 24-28
    • Katada, S.1    Imhof, A.2    Sassone-Corsi, P.3
  • 79
    • 43049139541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p53 regulates glucose metabolism through an IKK-NF-kappaB pathway and inhibits cell transformation
    • DOI 10.1038/ncb1724, PII NCB1724
    • Kawauchi K, Araki K, Tobiume K, Tanaka N (2008) p53 regulates glucose metabolism through an IKK-NF-kappaB pathway and inhibits cell transformation. Nat Cell Biol 10(5):611-618. doi:10.1038/ncb1724 (Pubitemid 351627381)
    • (2008) Nature Cell Biology , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 611-618
    • Kawauchi, K.1    Araki, K.2    Tobiume, K.3    Tanaka, N.4
  • 80
    • 77957288971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The isoforms of the p53 protein
    • doi:10. 1101/cshperspect.a000927
    • Khoury MP, Bourdon JC (2010) The isoforms of the p53 protein. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2(3):a000927. doi:10. 1101/cshperspect.a000927
    • (2010) Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol , vol.2 , Issue.3
    • Khoury, M.P.1    Bourdon, J.C.2
  • 81
    • 0014517696 scopus 로고
    • The energetics of mammalian cell growth
    • Kilburn DG, Lilly MD, Webb FC (1969) The energetics of mammalian cell growth. J Cell Sci 4(3):645-654
    • (1969) J Cell Sci , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 645-654
    • Kilburn, D.G.1    Lilly, M.D.2    Webb, F.C.3
  • 82
    • 0029944578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium induces a persistent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by a redox-sensitive mechanism in H4 rat hepatoma cells
    • Kim G, Yurkow EJ (1996) Chromium induces a persistent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by a redoxsensitive mechanism in H4 rat hepatoma cells. Cancer Res 56(9):2045-2051 (Pubitemid 26119906)
    • (1996) Cancer Research , vol.56 , Issue.9 , pp. 2045-2051
    • Kim, G.1    Yurkow, E.J.2
  • 83
    • 0142058357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative Stress, hogg1 Expression and NF-kappaB Activity in Cells Exposed to Low Level Chromium
    • DOI 10.1539/joh.45.271
    • Kim YD, An SC, Oyama T, Kawamoto T, Kim H (2003) Oxidative stress, hogg1 expression and NF-kappaB activity in cells exposed to low level chromium. J Occup Health 45(5):271-277 (Pubitemid 37288368)
    • (2003) Journal of Occupational Health , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 271-277
    • Kim, Y.-D.1    An, S.-C.2    Oyama, T.3    Kawamoto, T.4    Kim, H.5
  • 84
    • 35649014840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and dysregulated c-Myc cooperatively induce vascular endothelial growth factor and metabolic switches hexokinase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1
    • DOI 10.1128/MCB.00440-07
    • Kim JW, Gao P, Liu YC, Semenza GL, Dang CV (2007) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and dysregulated c-Myc cooperatively induce vascular endothelial growth factor and metabolic switches hexokinase 2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1. Mol Cell Biol 27(21):7381-7393. doi:10.1128/MCB.00440-07 (Pubitemid 350033646)
    • (2007) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.27 , Issue.21 , pp. 7381-7393
    • Kim, J.-W.1    Gao, P.2    Liu, Y.-C.3    Semenza, G.L.4    Dang, C.V.5
  • 85
    • 0036803034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromateinduced epimutations in mammalian cells
    • doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s5739
    • Klein CB, Su L, Bowser D, Leszczynska J (2002) Chromateinduced epimutations in mammalian cells. Environ Health Perspect 110(Suppl 5):739-743. doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s5739
    • (2002) Environ Health Perspect , vol.110 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 739-743
    • Klein, C.B.1    Su, L.2    Bowser, D.3    Leszczynska, J.4
  • 86
    • 40949126440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial complex III regulates hypoxic activation of HIF
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402307, PII 4402307, The biology of Hypoxia-inducible factors
    • Klimova T, Chandel NS (2008) Mitochondrial complex III regulates hypoxic activation of HIF. Cell Death Differ 15(4):660-666. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4402307 (Pubitemid 351405069)
    • (2008) Cell Death and Differentiation , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 660-666
    • Klimova, T.1    Chandel, N.S.2
  • 88
    • 33746916117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • INK4a in chromate workers with lung cancer
    • DOI 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.05.022, PII S0169500206002832
    • Kondo K, Takahashi Y, Hirose Y, Nagao T, Tsuyuguchi M, Hashimoto M, Ochiai A, Monden Y, Tangoku A (2006) The reduced expression and aberrant methylation of p16(INK4a) in chromate workers with lung cancer. Lung Cancer 53(3):295-302. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.05.022 (Pubitemid 44192596)
    • (2006) Lung Cancer , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 295-302
    • Kondo, K.1    Takahashi, Y.2    Hirose, Y.3    Nagao, T.4    Tsuyuguchi, M.5    Hashimoto, M.6    Ochiai, A.7    Monden, Y.8    Tangoku, A.9
  • 89
    • 0002711565 scopus 로고
    • Studies on chromated erythrocytes. Effect of sodium chromate on erythrocyte glutathione reductase
    • doi:10.1172/JCI104917
    • Koutras GA, Hattori M, Schneider AS, Ebaugh FG Jr, Valentine WN (1964) Studies on chromated erythrocytes. Effect of sodium chromate on erythrocyte glutathione reductase. J Clin Invest 43:323-331. doi:10.1172/JCI104917
    • (1964) J Clin Invest , vol.43 , pp. 323-331
    • Koutras, G.A.1    Hattori, M.2    Schneider, A.S.3    Ebaugh Jr., F.G.4    Valentine, W.N.5
  • 90
    • 33846243745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated view of oxidative stress in aging: Basic mechanisms, functional effects, and pathological considerations
    • DOI 10.1152/ajpregu.00327.2006
    • Kregel KC, Zhang HJ (2007) An integrated view of oxidative stress in aging: basic mechanisms, functional effects, and pathological considerations. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292(1):R18-R36. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00327. 2006 (Pubitemid 46091599)
    • (2007) American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology , vol.292 , Issue.1
    • Kregel, K.C.1    Zhang, H.J.2
  • 91
    • 0028134885 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of transformation of C3H/10T1/2 C1 8 mouse embryo cells and diploid human fibroblasts by carcinogenic metal compounds
    • doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s3119
    • Landolph JR (1994) Molecular mechanisms of transformation of C3H/10T1/2 C1 8 mouse embryo cells and diploid human fibroblasts by carcinogenic metal compounds. Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 3):119-125. doi:10.1289/ehp. 94102s3119
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 119-125
    • Landolph, J.R.1
  • 92
    • 0027109075 scopus 로고
    • p53, guardian of the genome
    • doi:10.1038/358015a0
    • Lane DP (1992) p53, guardian of the genome. Nature 358(6381):15-16. doi:10.1038/358015a0
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , Issue.6381 , pp. 15-16
    • Lane, D.P.1
  • 93
    • 0021828501 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chromium(VI) and chromium(III) on energy charge and oxygen consumption in rat thymocytes
    • Lazzarini A, Luciani S, Beltrame M, Arslan P (1985) Effects of chromium(VI) and chromium(III) on energy charge and oxygen consumption in rat thymocytes. Chem Biol Interact 53(3):273-281. doi:10.1016/S0009-2797(85)80104-6 (Pubitemid 15040665)
    • (1985) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 273-281
    • Lazzarini, A.1    Luciani, S.2    Beltrame, M.3    Arslan, P.4
  • 94
    • 48249095483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteomic analysis of chromium cytotoxicity in cultured rat lung epithelial cells
    • doi:10.1002/pmic.200701050
    • Lei T, He QY, Cai Z, Zhou Y, Wang YL, Si LS, Chiu JF (2008) Proteomic analysis of chromium cytotoxicity in cultured rat lung epithelial cells. Proteomics 8(12):2420-2429. doi:10.1002/pmic.200701050
    • (2008) Proteomics , vol.8 , Issue.12 , pp. 2420-2429
    • Lei, T.1    He, Q.Y.2    Cai, Z.3    Zhou, Y.4    Wang, Y.L.5    Si, L.S.6    Chiu, J.F.7
  • 95
    • 0030941458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p53, the cellular gatekeeper for growth and division
    • doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00) 81871-1
    • Levine AJ (1997) p53, the cellular gatekeeper for growth and division. Cell 88(3):323-331. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00) 81871-1
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-331
    • Levine, A.J.1
  • 96
    • 70349442548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first 30 years of p53: Growing ever more complex
    • doi:10.1038/nrc2723
    • Levine AJ, Oren M (2009) The first 30 years of p53: growing ever more complex. Nat Rev Cancer 9(10):749-758. doi:10.1038/nrc2723
    • (2009) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp. 749-758
    • Levine, A.J.1    Oren, M.2
  • 97
    • 78649711427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The control of the metabolic switch in cancers by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes
    • doi:10.1126/science.1193494
    • Levine AJ, Puzio-Kuter AM (2010) The control of the metabolic switch in cancers by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Science 330(6009):1340-1344. doi:10.1126/science.1193494
    • (2010) Science , vol.330 , Issue.6009 , pp. 1340-1344
    • Levine, A.J.1    Puzio-Kuter, A.M.2
  • 98
    • 33744521129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of 12 metal ions on iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) and HIF-regulated genes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.taap.2005.11.006, PII S0041008X0500640X
    • Li Q, Chen H, Huang X, Costa M (2006) Effects of 12 metal ions on iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1alpha) and HIF-regulated genes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 213(3):245-255. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.11.006 (Pubitemid 43817116)
    • (2006) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , vol.213 , Issue.3 , pp. 245-255
    • Li, Q.1    Chen, H.2    Huang, X.3    Costa, M.4
  • 99
    • 0026472743 scopus 로고
    • In vivo formation of chromium(V) in chick embryo liver and red blood cells
    • Liebross RH, Wetterhahn KE (1992) In vivo formation of chromium(V) in chick embryo liver and red blood cells. Carcinogenesis 13(11):2113-2120
    • (1992) Carcinogenesis , vol.13 , Issue.11 , pp. 2113-2120
    • Liebross, R.H.1    Wetterhahn, K.E.2
  • 100
    • 84867021989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc
    • doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.026
    • Lin CY, Loven J, Rahl PB, Paranal RM, Burge CB, Bradner JE, Lee TI, Young RA (2012) Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc. Cell 151(1):56-67. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.026
    • (2012) Cell , vol.151 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-67
    • Lin, C.Y.1    Loven, J.2    Rahl, P.B.3    Paranal, R.M.4    Burge, C.B.5    Bradner, J.E.6    Lee, T.I.7    Young, R.A.8
  • 102
    • 0034802160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo reduction of chromium (VI) and its related free radical generation
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1017994720562
    • Liu KJ, Shi X (2001) In vivo reduction of chromium (VI) and its related free radical generation. Mol Cell Biochem 222(1-2):41-47 (Pubitemid 32910319)
    • (2001) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.222 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 41-47
    • Liu, K.J.1    Shi, X.2
  • 103
    • 0027978805 scopus 로고
    • Low-frequency EPR detection of chromium(V) formation by chromium(VI) reduction in whole live mice
    • DOI 10.1006/abbi.1994.1384
    • Liu KJ, Jiang J, Swartz HM, Shi X (1994) Low-frequency EPR detection of chromium(V) formation by chromium(VI) reduction in whole live mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 313(2):248-252 (Pubitemid 24292799)
    • (1994) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , vol.313 , Issue.2 , pp. 248-252
    • Liu, K.J.1    Jiang, J.J.2    Swartz, H.M.3    Shi, X.G.4
  • 104
    • 0028825328 scopus 로고
    • Chromate-induced chromium(V) formation in live mice and its control by cellular antioxidants: An L-band electron paramagnetic resonance study
    • Liu KJ, Shi X, Jiang JJ, Goda F, Dalal N, Swartz HM (1995) Chromate-induced chromium(V) formation in live mice and its control by cellular antioxidants: an L-band electron paramagnetic resonance study. Arch Biochem Biophys 323(1):33-39
    • (1995) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.323 , Issue.1 , pp. 33-39
    • Liu, K.J.1    Shi, X.2    Jiang, J.J.3    Goda, F.4    Dalal, N.5    Swartz, H.M.6
  • 105
    • 41149105243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROS and p53: A versatile partnership
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.01.011
    • Liu B, Chen Y, St Clair DK (2008) ROS and p53: a versatile partnership. Free Radic Biol Med 44(8):1529-1535. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.01.011
    • (2008) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.44 , Issue.8 , pp. 1529-1535
    • Liu, B.1    Chen, Y.2    St Clair, D.K.3
  • 106
    • 72149122375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetics and DNA alteration of normal human fibroblasts by hexavalent chromium
    • doi:10.1016/j.etap.2009.10.001
    • Liu W, Chaspoul F, Botta C, De Meo M, Gallice P (2010) Bioenergetics and DNA alteration of normal human fibroblasts by hexavalent chromium. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 29(1):58-63. doi:10.1016/j.etap.2009.10.001
    • (2010) Environ Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 58-63
    • Liu, W.1    Chaspoul, F.2    Botta, C.3    De Meo, M.4    Gallice, P.5
  • 107
    • 84892366219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thioredoxin antioxidant system
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.036
    • Lu J, Holmgren A (2013) The thioredoxin antioxidant system. Free Radic Biol Med. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.036
    • (2013) Free Radic Biol Med
    • Lu, J.1    Holmgren, A.2
  • 109
    • 0018736710 scopus 로고
    • 2+-ATPase activity of BHK cells
    • DOI 10.1016/0009-2797(79)90149-2
    • Luciani S, Dal Toso R, Rebellato AM, Levis AG (1979) Effects of chromium compounds on plasma membrane Mg2?-ATPase activity of BHK cells. Chem Biol Interact 27(1):59-67. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(79)90149-2 (Pubitemid 10237111)
    • (1979) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-67
    • Luciani, S.1    Dal, T.R.2    Rebellato, A.M.3    Levis, A.G.4
  • 110
    • 79957845867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking nutrient metabolism to epigenetics
    • Luo J, Kuo MK (2009) Linking nutrient metabolism to epigenetics. Cell Sci Rev 6(1):49-54
    • (2009) Cell Sci Rev , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-54
    • Luo, J.1    Kuo, M.K.2
  • 111
    • 0032428645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypervalent chromium mimics reactive oxygen species as measured by the oxidant-sensitive dyes 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin and dihydrorhodamine
    • DOI 10.1021/tx9801559
    • Martin BD, Schoenhard JA, Sugden KD (1998) Hypervalent chromium mimics reactive oxygen species as measured by the oxidant-sensitive dyes 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin and dihydrorhodamine. Chem Res Toxicol 11(12):1402-1410. doi:10.1021/tx9801559 (Pubitemid 29013612)
    • (1998) Chemical Research in Toxicology , vol.11 , Issue.12 , pp. 1402-1410
    • Martin, B.D.1    Schoenhard, J.A.2    Sugden, K.D.3
  • 114
    • 0032609972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluations of metabolic activities as biocompatibility tools: A study of individual ions' effects on fibroblasts
    • PII S0109564199000238
    • Messer RL, Lucas LC (1999) Evaluations of metabolic activities as biocompatibility tools: a study of individual ions' effects on fibroblasts. Dent Mater 15(1):1-6. doi:10.1016/S0109-5641(99)90023-4 (Pubitemid 129591095)
    • (1999) Dental Materials , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-6
    • Messer, R.L.W.1    Lucas, L.C.2
  • 115
    • 0033996398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investigation of fibroblast mitochondria enzyme activity and respiration in response to metallic ions released from dental alloys
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(20000615)50:4<598::AID
    • Messer RL, Doeller JE, Kraus DW, Lucas LC (2000) An investigation of fibroblast mitochondria enzyme activity and respiration in response to metallic ions released from dental alloys. J Biomed Mater Res 50(4):598-604. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(20000615)50:4〈598:AIDJBM16〉3.3.CO;2-R (Pubitemid 30225387)
    • (2000) Journal of Biomedical Materials Research , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 598-604
    • Messer, R.L.W.1    Doeller, J.E.2    Kraus, D.W.3    Lucas, L.C.4
  • 119
    • 84861058076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of chromium(VI) on the thioredoxin system: Implications for redox regulation
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.013
    • Myers CR (2012) The effects of chromium(VI) on the thioredoxin system: implications for redox regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 52(10):2091-2107. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.013
    • (2012) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.52 , Issue.10 , pp. 2091-2107
    • Myers, C.R.1
  • 120
    • 70350034011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hexavalent chromium on thioredoxin reductase and peroxiredoxins in human bronchial epithelial cells
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.08.015
    • Myers JM, Myers CR (2009) The effects of hexavalent chromium on thioredoxin reductase and peroxiredoxins in human bronchial epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 47(10):1477-1485. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.08.015
    • (2009) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.47 , Issue.10 , pp. 1477-1485
    • Myers, J.M.1    Myers, C.R.2
  • 121
    • 0034522611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(V) by human microsomal enzymes: Effects of iron and quinones
    • DOI 10.1080/10769180051125734
    • Myers CR, Myers JM, Carstens BP, Antholine WE (2000) Reduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(V) by human microsomal enzymes: effects of iron and quinones. Toxic Subst Mech 19(1):25-51. doi:10.1080/10769180051125734 (Pubitemid 32057251)
    • (2000) Toxic Substance Mechanisms , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-51
    • Myers, C.R.1    Myers, J.M.2    Carstens, B.P.3    Antholine, W.E.4
  • 122
    • 40649116241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexavalent chromium causes the oxidation of thioredoxin in human bronchial epithelial cells
    • doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.01.017
    • Myers JM, Antholine WE, Myers CR (2008) Hexavalent chromium causes the oxidation of thioredoxin in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology 246(2-3):222-233. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.01.017
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.246 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 222-233
    • Myers, J.M.1    Antholine, W.E.2    Myers, C.R.3
  • 123
    • 78650177513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pro-oxidant chromium(VI) inhibits mitochondrial complex I, complex II, and aconitase in the bronchial epithelium: EPR markers for Fe-S proteins
    • doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.020
    • Myers CR, Antholine WE, Myers JM (2010) The pro-oxidant chromium(VI) inhibits mitochondrial complex I, complex II, and aconitase in the bronchial epithelium: EPR markers for Fe-S proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 49(12):1903-1915. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.09.020
    • (2010) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.49 , Issue.12 , pp. 1903-1915
    • Myers, C.R.1    Antholine, W.E.2    Myers, J.M.3
  • 124
    • 79851516124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intracellular redox stress caused by hexavalent chromium is selective for proteins that have key roles in cell survival and thiol redox control
    • doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.01.001
    • Myers JM, Antholine WE, Myers CR (2011) The intracellular redox stress caused by hexavalent chromium is selective for proteins that have key roles in cell survival and thiol redox control. Toxicology 281(1-3):37-47. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.01.001
    • (2011) Toxicology , vol.281 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 37-47
    • Myers, J.M.1    Antholine, W.E.2    Myers, C.R.3
  • 125
    • 0025733149 scopus 로고
    • Flow cytometric monitoring of glutathione content and anthracycline retentionin tumor cells
    • doi:10.1002/cyto.990120408
    • Nair S, Singh SV, Krishan A (1991) Flow cytometric monitoring of glutathione content and anthracycline retentionin tumor cells. Cytometry 12(4):336-342. doi:10.1002/cyto.990120408
    • (1991) Cytometry , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 336-342
    • Nair, S.1    Singh, S.V.2    Krishan, A.3
  • 126
    • 67649173063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is essential for chromium silencing of gene induction in human airway epithelial cells
    • doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfp084
    • Nemec AA, Barchowsky A (2009) Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) is essential for chromium silencing of gene induction in human airway epithelial cells. Toxicol Sci 110(1):212-223. doi:10.1093/toxsci/ kfp084
    • (2009) Toxicol Sci , vol.110 , Issue.1 , pp. 212-223
    • Nemec, A.A.1    Barchowsky, A.2
  • 127
    • 84863403440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of mitochondrial dysregulation and resistance to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis after genotoxic insult in normal human fibroblasts: A possible model for early stage carcinogenesis
    • doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.10.005
    • Nickens KP, Han Y, Shandilya H, Larrimore A, Gerard GF, Kaldjian E, Patierno SR, Ceryak S (2012) Acquisition of mitochondrial dysregulation and resistance to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis after genotoxic insult in normal human fibroblasts: a possible model for early stage carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1823(2):264-272. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.10.005
    • (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1823 , Issue.2 , pp. 264-272
    • Nickens, K.P.1    Han, Y.2    Shandilya, H.3    Larrimore, A.4    Gerard, G.F.5    Kaldjian, E.6    Patierno, S.R.7    Ceryak, S.8
  • 129
    • 60349114066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium VI administration induces oxidative stress in hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland from male rats
    • doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.003
    • Nudler SI, Quinteros FA, Miler EA, Cabilla JP, Ronchetti SA, Duvilanski BH (2009) Chromium VI administration induces oxidative stress in hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland from male rats. Toxicol Lett 185(3):187-192. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.003
    • (2009) Toxicol Lett , vol.185 , Issue.3 , pp. 187-192
    • Nudler, S.I.1    Quinteros, F.A.2    Miler, E.A.3    Cabilla, J.P.4    Ronchetti, S.A.5    Duvilanski, B.H.6
  • 131
    • 84863033409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional proteomics reveals hepatotoxicity and the molecular mechanisms of different forms of chromium delivered by skin administration
    • doi:10.1002/pmic.201100055
    • Pan TL, Wang PW, Chen CC, Fang JY, Sintupisut N (2012) Functional proteomics reveals hepatotoxicity and the molecular mechanisms of different forms of chromium delivered by skin administration. Proteomics 12(3):477-489. doi:10.1002/pmic.201100055
    • (2012) Proteomics , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-489
    • Pan, T.L.1    Wang, P.W.2    Chen, C.C.3    Fang, J.Y.4    Sintupisut, N.5
  • 132
    • 77954562833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metastasis: Cancer cell's escape from oxidative stress
    • doi:10.1007/s10555-010-9225-4
    • Pani G, Galeotti T, Chiarugi P (2010) Metastasis: cancer cell's escape from oxidative stress. Cancer Metastasis Rev 29(2):351-378. doi:10.1007/s10555- 010-9225-4
    • (2010) Cancer Metastasis Rev , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 351-378
    • Pani, G.1    Galeotti, T.2    Chiarugi, P.3
  • 133
    • 60349100911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity induced by hexavalent chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats
    • doi:10.1002/tox.20395
    • Patlolla AK, Barnes C, Yedjou C, Velma VR, Tchounwou PB (2009) Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity induced by hexavalent chromium in Sprague-Dawley rats. Environ Toxico 24(1):66-73. doi:10.1002/tox.20395
    • (2009) Environ Toxico , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 66-73
    • Patlolla, A.K.1    Barnes, C.2    Yedjou, C.3    Velma, V.R.4    Tchounwou, P.B.5
  • 134
    • 0022445673 scopus 로고
    • Chromium(III)ATP inactivating (Na+ + K+)-ATPase supports Na+ - Na+ and Rb+ - Rb+ exchanges in everted red blood cells but not Na+, K+ transport
    • Pauls H, Serpersu EH, Kirch U, Schoner W (1986) Chromium(III)ATP inactivating (Na+ + K+)-ATPase supports Na+ - Na+ and Rb+ - Rb+ exchanges in everted red blood cells but not Na+, K+ transport. Eur J Biochem 157(3):585-595
    • (1986) Eur J Biochem , vol.157 , Issue.3 , pp. 585-595
    • Pauls, H.1    Serpersu, E.H.2    Kirch, U.3    Schoner, W.4
  • 135
    • 81155137293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to nickel, chromium, or cadmium causes distinct changes in the gene expression patterns of a rat liver derived cell line
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027730
    • Permenter MG, Lewis JA, Jackson DA (2011) Exposure to nickel, chromium, or cadmium causes distinct changes in the gene expression patterns of a rat liver derived cell line. PLoS One 6(11):e27730. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027730
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.11
    • Permenter, M.G.1    Lewis, J.A.2    Jackson, D.A.3
  • 136
    • 33750622643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor
    • DOI 10.1515/BC.2006.167, PII BCHM38710111337
    • Pouyssegur J, Mechta-Grigoriou F (2006) Redox regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor. Biol Chem 387(10-11):1337-1346. doi:10.1515/BC.2006. 167 (Pubitemid 44691412)
    • (2006) Biological Chemistry , vol.387 , Issue.10-11 , pp. 1337-1346
    • Pouyssegur, J.1    Mechta-Grigoriou, F.2
  • 137
    • 33745303045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regression
    • DOI 10.1038/nature04871, PII NATURE04871
    • Pouyssegur J, Dayan F, Mazure NM (2006) Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regression. Nature 441(7092):437-443. doi:10.1038/nature04871 (Pubitemid 44050138)
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , Issue.7092 , pp. 437-443
    • Pouyssegur, J.1    Dayan, F.2    Mazure, N.M.3
  • 138
    • 0034990527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties and biological activities of thioredoxins
    • DOI 10.1146/annurev.biophys.30.1.421
    • Powis G, Montfort WR (2001) Properties and biological activities of thioredoxins. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 30:421-455. doi:10.1146/annurev. biophys.30.1.421 (Pubitemid 32566170)
    • (2001) Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure , vol.30 , pp. 421-455
    • Powis, G.1    Montfort, W.R.2
  • 139
    • 84890116227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxiredoxins as biomarkers of oxidative stress
    • doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.001
    • Poynton RA, Hampton MB (2014) Peroxiredoxins as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta 1840(2):906-912. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.001
    • (2014) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1840 , Issue.2 , pp. 906-912
    • Poynton, R.A.1    Hampton, M.B.2
  • 140
    • 30344485968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to apoptosis, increased growth potential, and altered gene expression in cells that survived genotoxic hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] exposure
    • DOI 10.1007/s11010-005-8292-2
    • Pritchard DE, Ceryak S, Ramsey KE, O'Brien TJ, Ha L, Fornsaglio JL, Stephan DA, Patierno SR (2005) Resistance to apoptosis, increased growth potential, and altered gene expression in cells that survived genotoxic hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] exposure. Mol Cell Biochem 279(1-2):169-181. doi:10.1007/s11010-005-8292-2 (Pubitemid 43055156)
    • (2005) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.279 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 169-181
    • Pritchard, D.E.1    Ceryak, S.2    Ramsey, K.E.3    O'Brien, T.J.4    Ha, L.5    Fornsaglio, J.L.6    Stephan, D.A.7    Patierno, S.R.8
  • 141
    • 0034808208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of Cr (VI) by cysteine: Significance in human lymphocytes and formation of DNA damage in reactions with variable reduction rates
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1017923609175
    • Quievryn G, Goulart M, Messer J, Zhitkovich A (2001) Reduction of Cr(VI) by cysteine: significance in human lymphocytes and formation of DNA damage in reactions with variable reduction rates. Mol Cell Biochem 222(1-2):107-118. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0793-2-13 (Pubitemid 32910326)
    • (2001) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.222 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 107-118
    • Quievryn, G.1    Goulart, M.2    Messer, J.3    Zhitkovich, A.4
  • 142
    • 46249102647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of chromium (VI)-induced apoptosis in anterior pituitary cells
    • doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.04.012
    • Quinteros FA, Machiavelli LI, Miler EA, Cabilla JP, Duvilanski BH (2008) Mechanisms of chromium (VI)-induced apoptosis in anterior pituitary cells. Toxicology 249(2-3):109-115. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2008.04.012
    • (2008) Toxicology , vol.249 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 109-115
    • Quinteros, F.A.1    Machiavelli, L.I.2    Miler, E.A.3    Cabilla, J.P.4    Duvilanski, B.H.5
  • 143
    • 58149373919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative chronic in vitro toxicity of hexavalent chromium to osteoblasts and monocytes
    • doi:10.1002/jbm.a.31893
    • Raghunathan VK, Tettey JN, Ellis EM, Grant MH (2009) Comparative chronic in vitro toxicity of hexavalent chromium to osteoblasts and monocytes. J Biomed Mater Res A 88(2):543-550. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.31893
    • (2009) J Biomed Mater Res A , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 543-550
    • Raghunathan, V.K.1    Tettey, J.N.2    Ellis, E.M.3    Grant, M.H.4
  • 144
    • 75149159544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in protein expression associated with chronic in vitro exposure of hexavalent chromium to osteoblasts and monocytes: A proteomic approach
    • doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32396
    • Raghunathan VK, Grant MH, Ellis EM (2010) Changes in protein expression associated with chronic in vitro exposure of hexavalent chromium to osteoblasts and monocytes: a proteomic approach. J Biomed Mater Res A 92(2):615-625. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32396
    • (2010) J Biomed Mater Res A , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 615-625
    • Raghunathan, V.K.1    Grant, M.H.2    Ellis, E.M.3
  • 148
    • 77954697566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations in cancer: Alterations at a crossroads of cellular metabolism
    • doi:10.1093/jnci/djq187
    • Reitman ZJ, Yan H (2010) Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations in cancer: alterations at a crossroads of cellular metabolism. J Natl Cancer Inst 102(13):932-941. doi:10.1093/jnci/djq187
    • (2010) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.102 , Issue.13 , pp. 932-941
    • Reitman, Z.J.1    Yan, H.2
  • 149
    • 34547732984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular vitamin C increases chromate toxicity via a death program requiring mismatch repair but not p53
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgm031
    • Reynolds M, Zhitkovich A (2007) Cellular vitamin C increases chromate toxicity via a death program requiring mismatch repair but not p53. Carcinogenesis 28(7):1613-1620. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgm031 (Pubitemid 47241813)
    • (2007) Carcinogenesis , vol.28 , Issue.7 , pp. 1613-1620
    • Reynolds, M.1    Zhitkovich, A.2
  • 151
    • 0023915291 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial reduction of the carcinogen chromate: Formation of chromium(V)
    • doi:10.1021/tx00002a003
    • Rossi SC, Gorman N, Wetterhahn KE (1988) Mitochondrial reduction of the carcinogen chromate: formation of chromium(V). Chem Res Toxicol 1(2):101-107. doi:10.1021/tx00002a003
    • (1988) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-107
    • Rossi, S.C.1    Gorman, N.2    Wetterhahn, K.E.3
  • 152
    • 0021239575 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory action of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) on the mitochondrial respiration and a possible coupling to the reduction of Cr(VI)
    • DOI 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90718-4
    • Ryberg D, Alexander J (1984) Inhibitory action of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) on the mitochondrial respiration and a possible coupling to the reduction of Cr(VI). Biochem Pharmacol 33(15):2461-2466. doi:10.1016/0006- 2952(84)90718-4 (Pubitemid 14094621)
    • (1984) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.33 , Issue.15 , pp. 2461-2466
    • Ryberg, D.1    Alexander, J.2
  • 153
    • 0025288456 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of chromium toxicity in mitochondria
    • DOI 10.1016/0009-2797(90)90114-3
    • Ryberg D, Alexander J (1990) Mechanisms of chromium toxicity in mitochondria. Chem Biol Interact 75(2):141-151. doi:10.1016/0009-2797(90)90114-3 (Pubitemid 20207271)
    • (1990) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-151
    • Ryberg, D.1    Alexander, J.2
  • 154
    • 0018097960 scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of differential sensitivity of human-tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs
    • Salmon SE, Hamburger AW, Soehnlen B, Durie BG, Alberts DS, Moon TE (1978) Quantitation of differential sensitivity of human-tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs. N Engl J Med 298(24):1321-1327. doi:10.1056/ NEJM197806152982401 (Pubitemid 8357629)
    • (1978) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.298 , Issue.24 , pp. 1321-1327
    • Salmon, S.E.1    Hamburger, A.W.2    Soehnlen, B.3
  • 155
    • 38949195955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in metal carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis: Nickel, arsenic, and chromium
    • DOI 10.1021/tx700198a
    • Salnikow K, Zhitkovich A (2008) Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in metal carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis: nickel, arsenic, and chromium. Chem Res Toxicol 21(1):28-44. doi:10.1021/tx700198a (Pubitemid 351219706)
    • (2008) Chemical Research in Toxicology , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-44
    • Salnikow, K.1    Zhitkovich, A.2
  • 156
    • 0035371184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulfide/glutathione couple
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-5849(01)00480-4, PII S0891584901004804
    • Schafer FQ, Buettner GR (2001) Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulfide/glutathione couple. Free Radic Biol Med 30(11):1191-1212 (Pubitemid 32463931)
    • (2001) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 1191-1212
    • Schafer, F.Q.1    Buettner, G.R.2
  • 157
    • 0017879559 scopus 로고
    • The structure of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase
    • DOI 10.1038/273120a0
    • Schulz GE, Schirmer RH, Sachsenheimer W, Pai EF (1978) The structure of the flavoenzyme glutathione reductase. Nature 273(5658):120-124. doi:10.1038/273120a0 (Pubitemid 8322605)
    • (1978) Nature , vol.273 , Issue.5658 , pp. 120-124
    • Schulz, G.E.1    Schirmer, R.H.2    Sachsenheimer, W.3    Pai, E.F.4
  • 158
    • 77951081135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia induces differential translation of enolase/MBP-1
    • doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-157
    • Sedoris KC, Thomas SD, Miller DM (2010) Hypoxia induces differential translation of enolase/MBP-1. BMC Cancer 10:157. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-157
    • (2010) BMC Cancer , vol.10 , pp. 157
    • Sedoris, K.C.1    Thomas, S.D.2    Miller, D.M.3
  • 159
    • 0142166332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy
    • doi:10.1038/nrc1187
    • Semenza GL (2003) Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 3(10):721-732. doi:10.1038/nrc1187
    • (2003) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.3 , Issue.10 , pp. 721-732
    • Semenza, G.L.1
  • 160
    • 60549083256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cancer cell metabolism by hypoxia-inducible factor 1
    • doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.11.009
    • Semenza GL (2009) Regulation of cancer cell metabolism by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Semin Cancer Biol 19(1):12-16. doi:10.1016/j. semcancer.2008.11.009
    • (2009) Semin Cancer Biol , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-16
    • Semenza, G.L.1
  • 161
    • 76049100577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIF-1: Upstream and downstream of cancer metabolism
    • doi:10.1016/j.gde.2009.10.009
    • Semenza GL (2010) HIF-1: upstream and downstream of cancer metabolism. Curr Opin Genet Dev 20(1):51-56. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2009.10.009
    • (2010) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-56
    • Semenza, G.L.1
  • 164
    • 0032518199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of NF-kappaB binding to DNA by chromium, cadmium, mercury, zinc, and arsenite in vitro: Evidence of a thiol mechanism
    • DOI 10.1006/abbi.1997.0470
    • Shumilla JA, Wetterhahn KE, Barchowsky A (1998) Inhibition of NF-kappa B binding to DNA by chromium, cadmium, mercury, zinc, and arsenite in vitro: evidence of a thiol mechanism. Arch Biochem Biophys 349(2):356-362. doi:10.1006/abbi.1997.0470 (Pubitemid 28368681)
    • (1998) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , vol.349 , Issue.2 , pp. 356-362
    • Shumilla, J.A.1    Wetterhahn, K.E.2    Barchowsky, A.3
  • 165
    • 0033579490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium(VI) inhibits the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappaB by decreasing the interaction of p65 with cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-binding protein
    • doi:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36207
    • Shumilla JA, Broderick RJ, Wang Y, Barchowsky A (1999) Chromium(VI) inhibits the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappaB by decreasing the interaction of p65 with cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-binding protein. J Biol Chem 274(51):36207-36212. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36207
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , Issue.51 , pp. 36207-36212
    • Shumilla, J.A.1    Broderick, R.J.2    Wang, Y.3    Barchowsky, A.4
  • 166
    • 0344240615 scopus 로고
    • The effect of disulphides on mitochondrial oxidations
    • Skrede S, Bremer J, Eldjarn L (1965) The effect of disulphides on mitochondrial oxidations. Biochem J 95:838-846
    • (1965) Biochem J , vol.95 , pp. 838-846
    • Skrede, S.1    Bremer, J.2    Eldjarn, L.3
  • 167
    • 22544434922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guanine-specific oxidation of double-stranded DNA by Cr(VI) and ascorbic acid forms spiroiminodihydantoin and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine
    • DOI 10.1021/tx050033y
    • Slade PG, Hailer MK, Martin BD, Sugden KD (2005) Guaninespecific oxidation of double-stranded DNA by Cr(VI) and ascorbic acid forms spiroiminodihydantoin and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine. Chem Res Toxicol 18(7):1140-1149. doi:10.1021/tx050033y (Pubitemid 41022846)
    • (2005) Chemical Research in Toxicology , vol.18 , Issue.7 , pp. 1140-1149
    • Slade, P.G.1    Hailer, M.K.2    Martin, B.D.3    Sugden, K.D.4
  • 168
    • 2942740218 scopus 로고
    • The activation of phosphoglucomutase by metal ions
    • Stickland LH (1949) The activation of phosphoglucomutase by metal ions. Biochem J 44(2):190-197
    • (1949) Biochem J , vol.44 , Issue.2 , pp. 190-197
    • Stickland, L.H.1
  • 169
    • 0027234928 scopus 로고
    • Influence of o-phenanthroline on DNA single-strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, glutathione reductase, and formation of chromium(V) in Chinese hamster V-79 cells treated with sodium chromate(VI)
    • DOI 10.1006/abbi.1993.1420
    • Sugiyama M, Tsuzuki K, Haramaki N (1993) Influence of o-phenanthroline on DNA single-strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, glutathione reductase, and formation of chromium(V) in Chinese hamster V-79 cells treated with sodium chromate (VI). Arch Biochem Biophys 305(2):261-266. doi:10.1006/abbi.1993.1420 (Pubitemid 23282905)
    • (1993) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics , vol.305 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-266
    • Sugiyama, M.1    Tsuzuki, K.2    Haramaki, N.3
  • 170
    • 21344466558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative protein damage causes chromium toxicity in yeast
    • DOI 10.1099/mic.0.27945-0
    • Sumner ER, Shanmuganathan A, Sideri TC, Willetts SA, Houghton JE, Avery SV (2005) Oxidative protein damage causes chromium toxicity in yeast. Microbiology 151(Pt 6):1939-1948. doi:10.1099/mic.0.27945-0 (Pubitemid 40909036)
    • (2005) Microbiology , vol.151 , Issue.6 , pp. 1939-1948
    • Sumner, E.R.1    Shanmuganathan, A.2    Sideri, T.C.3    Willets, S.A.4    Houghton, J.E.5    Avery, S.V.6
  • 171
    • 67349119474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of histone methylation and MLH1 gene silencing by hexavalent chromium
    • doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.04.008
    • Sun H, Zhou X, Chen H, Li Q, Costa M (2009) Modulation of histone methylation and MLH1 gene silencing by hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 237(3):258-266. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.04.008
    • (2009) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.237 , Issue.3 , pp. 258-266
    • Sun, H.1    Zhou, X.2    Chen, H.3    Li, Q.4    Costa, M.5
  • 172
    • 79952801961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of gene expression profiles in chromate transformed BEAS-2B cells
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017982
    • Sun H, Clancy HA, Kluz T, Zavadil J, Costa M (2011) Comparison of gene expression profiles in chromate transformed BEAS-2B cells. PLoS One 6(3):e17982. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017982
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.3
    • Sun, H.1    Clancy, H.A.2    Kluz, T.3    Zavadil, J.4    Costa, M.5
  • 174
    • 13944261633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite instability and protein expression of the DNA mismatch repair gene, hMLH1, of lung cancer in chromate-exposed workers
    • DOI 10.1002/mc.20073
    • Takahashi Y, Kondo K, Hirose T, Nakagawa H, Tsuyuguchi M, Hashimoto M, Sano T, Ochiai A, Monden Y (2005) Microsatellite instability and protein expression of the DNA mismatch repair gene, hMLH1, of lung cancer in chromate-exposed workers. Mol Carcinog 42(3):150-158. doi:10.1002/mc.20073 (Pubitemid 40271144)
    • (2005) Molecular Carcinogenesis , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 150-158
    • Takahashi, Y.1    Kondo, K.2    Hirose, T.3    Nakagawa, H.4    Tsuyuguchi, M.5    Hashimoto, M.6    Sano, T.7    Ochiai, A.8    Monden, Y.9
  • 175
    • 0037428060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress-induced iron signaling is responsible for peroxide-dependent oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein in endothelial cells role of transferrin receptor-dependent iron uptake in apoptosis
    • DOI 10.1161/01.RES.0000048195.15637.AC
    • Tampo Y, Kotamraju S, Chitambar CR, Kalivendi SV, Keszler A, Joseph J, Kalyanaraman B (2003) Oxidative stressinduced iron signaling is responsible for peroxide-dependent oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein in endothelial cells: role of transferrin receptor-dependent iron uptake in apoptosis. Circ Res 92(1):56-63 (Pubitemid 36105607)
    • (2003) Circulation Research , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-63
    • Tampo, Y.1    Kotamraju, S.2    Chitambar, C.R.3    Kalivendi, S.V.4    Keszler, A.5    Kalyanaraman, J.J.B.6
  • 176
    • 84867431174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the regulation of cellular metabolism
    • doi:10.1101/sqb.2012.76.010496
    • Thompson CB (2011) Rethinking the regulation of cellular metabolism. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 76:23-29. doi:10.1101/sqb.2012.76.010496
    • (2011) Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol , vol.76 , pp. 23-29
    • Thompson, C.B.1
  • 177
    • 81455135562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expression of RKIP, RhoGDI, galectin, c-Myc and p53 in gastrointestinal system of Cr(VI)-exposed rats
    • doi:10.1002/jat.1621
    • Tsao DA, Tseng WC, Chang HR (2011) The expression of RKIP, RhoGDI, galectin, c-Myc and p53 in gastrointestinal system of Cr(VI)-exposed rats. J Appl Toxicol 31(8):730-740. doi:10.1002/jat.1621
    • (2011) J Appl Toxicol , vol.31 , Issue.8 , pp. 730-740
    • Tsao, D.A.1    Tseng, W.C.2    Chang, H.R.3
  • 179
    • 70350027212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexavalent chromium exposure, genomic instability and lung cancer
    • Urbano AM, Rodrigues CFD, Alpoim MC (2008) Hexavalent chromium exposure, genomic instability and lung cancer. Gene Ther Mol Biol 12B:219-238
    • (2008) Gene Ther Mol Biol , vol.12 B , pp. 219-238
    • Urbano, A.M.1    Rodrigues, C.F.D.2    Alpoim, M.C.3
  • 181
    • 84860535109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hexavalent chromium-induced lung cancer: An updated perspective
    • Urbano AM, Ferreira LMR, Alpoim MC (2012) Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hexavalent chromium-induced lung cancer: an updated perspective. Curr Drug Metab 13(3):284-305
    • (2012) Curr Drug Metab , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 284-305
    • Urbano, A.M.1    Ferreira, L.M.R.2    Alpoim, M.C.3
  • 182
    • 32444433202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.12.009, PII S0009279705004333
    • Valko M, Rhodes CJ, Moncol J, Izakovic M, Mazur M (2006) Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chem Biol Interact 160(1):1-40. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2005.12.009 (Pubitemid 43227479)
    • (2006) Chemico-Biological Interactions , vol.160 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-40
    • Valko, M.1    Rhodes, C.J.2    Moncol, J.3    Izakovic, M.4    Mazur, M.5
  • 183
    • 10644270846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor hypoxia: Causative factors, compensatory mechanisms, and cellular response
    • Vaupel P, Harrison L (2004) Tumor hypoxia: causative factors, compensatory mechanisms, and cellular response. Oncologist 9(Suppl 5):4-9. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.9-90005-4 (Pubitemid 39658340)
    • (2004) Oncologist , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 4-9
    • Vaupel, P.1    Harrison, L.2
  • 184
    • 4043181214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer genes and the pathways they control
    • DOI 10.1038/nm1087
    • Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (2004) Cancer genes and the pathways they control. Nat Med 10(8):789-799. doi:10.1038/nm1087 (Pubitemid 39070849)
    • (2004) Nature Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. 789-799
    • Vogelstein, B.1    Kinzler, K.W.2
  • 185
    • 23844558266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: A dawn for evolutionary medicine
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.39.110304.095751
    • Wallace DC (2005) A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionary medicine. Annu Rev Genet 39:359-407. doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.39.110304.095751
    • (2005) Annu Rev Genet , vol.39 , pp. 359-407
    • Wallace, D.C.1
  • 186
    • 0035036868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced p53 activation: The role of phosphorylation, mdm2 and ERK
    • Wang S, Shi X (2001) Mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced p53 activation: the role of phosphorylation, mdm2 and ERK. Carcinogenesis 22(5):757-762 (Pubitemid 32447924)
    • (2001) Carcinogenesis , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 757-762
    • Wang, S.1    Shi, X.2
  • 187
  • 188
    • 33749587992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death in mice
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.005, PII S0300483X06004987
    • Wang XF, Xing ML, Shen Y, Zhu X, Xu LH (2006) Oral administration of Cr(VI) induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death in mice. Toxicology 228(1):16-23. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.005 (Pubitemid 44548100)
    • (2006) Toxicology , vol.228 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-23
    • Wang, X.-F.1    Xing, M.-L.2    Shen, Y.3    Zhu, X.4    Xu, L.-H.5
  • 190
    • 84858796367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A two-way street: Reciprocal regulation of metabolism and signalling
    • doi:10.1038/nrm3305
    • Wellen KE, Thompson CB (2012) A two-way street: reciprocal regulation of metabolism and signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 13(4):270-276. doi:10.1038/nrm3305
    • (2012) Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 270-276
    • Wellen, K.E.1    Thompson, C.B.2
  • 191
    • 66249105703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP-citrate lyase links cellular metabolism to histone acetylation
    • doi:10.1126/science.1164097
    • Wellen KE, Hatzivassiliou G, Sachdeva UM, Bui TV, Cross JR, Thompson CB (2009) ATP-citrate lyase links cellular metabolism to histone acetylation. Science 324(5930):1076-1080. doi:10.1126/science.1164097
    • (2009) Science , vol.324 , Issue.5930 , pp. 1076-1080
    • Wellen, K.E.1    Hatzivassiliou, G.2    Sachdeva, U.M.3    Bui, T.V.4    Cross, J.R.5    Thompson, C.B.6
  • 192
    • 0022916449 scopus 로고
    • Disposition of a soluble chromate in the isolated perfused rat liver
    • Wiegand HJ, Ottenwalder H, Bolt HM (1986) Disposition of a soluble chromate in the isolated perfused rat liver. Xenobiotica 16(9):839-844. doi:10.3109/00498258609038965 (Pubitemid 16045997)
    • (1986) Xenobiotica , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 839-844
    • Wiegand, H.J.1    Ottenwalder, H.2    Bolt, H.M.3
  • 193
    • 0033609365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An acidic environment leads to p53 dependent induction of apoptosis in human adenoma and carcinoma cell lines: Implications for clonal selection during colorectal carcinogenesis
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.onc.1202660
    • Williams AC, Collard TJ, Paraskeva C (1999) An acidic environment leads to p53 dependent induction of apoptosis in human adenoma and carcinoma cell lines: implications for clonal selection during colorectal carcinogenesis. Oncogene 18(21):3199-3204. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202660 (Pubitemid 29286964)
    • (1999) Oncogene , vol.18 , Issue.21 , pp. 3199-3204
    • Williams, A.C.1    Collard, T.J.2    Paraskeva, C.3
  • 194
    • 42249088093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species
    • doi:10.1038/nchembio.85
    • Winterbourn CC (2008) Reconciling the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species. Nat Chem Biol 4(5):278-286. doi:10.1038/nchembio.85
    • (2008) Nat Chem Biol , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 278-286
    • Winterbourn, C.C.1
  • 195
    • 84868521916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexavalent chromium induces energy metabolism disturbance and p53-dependent cell cycle arrest via reactive oxygen species in L-02 hepatocytes
    • doi:10.1007/s11010-012-1423-7
    • Xiao F, Feng X, Zeng M, Guan L, Hu Q, Zhong C (2012a) Hexavalent chromium induces energy metabolism disturbance and p53-dependent cell cycle arrest via reactive oxygen species in L-02 hepatocytes. Mol Cell Biochem. doi:10.1007/s11010-012-1423-7
    • (2012) Mol Cell Biochem
    • Xiao, F.1    Feng, X.2    Zeng, M.3    Guan, L.4    Hu, Q.5    Zhong, C.6
  • 196
    • 84865174632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hexavalent chromium targets mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I to induce reactive oxygen species-dependent caspase-3 activation in L-02 hepatocytes
    • doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1031
    • Xiao F, Li Y, Dai L, Deng Y, Zou Y, Li P, Yang Y, Zhong C (2012b) Hexavalent chromium targets mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I to induce reactive oxygen species-dependent caspase-3 activation in L-02 hepatocytes. Int J Mol Med 30(3):629-635. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1031
    • (2012) Int J Mol Med , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 629-635
    • Xiao, F.1    Li, Y.2    Dai, L.3    Deng, Y.4    Zou, Y.5    Li, P.6    Yang, Y.7    Zhong, C.8
  • 197
    • 84875979437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hexavalent chromium on electron leakage of respiratory chain in mitochondria isolated from rat liver
    • doi:10.1159/000350062
    • Xie Y, Zhong C, Zeng M, Guan L, Luo L (2013) Effect of hexavalent chromium on electron leakage of respiratory chain in mitochondria isolated from rat liver. Cell Physiol Biochem 31(2-3):473-485. doi:10.1159/000350062
    • (2013) Cell Physiol Biochem , vol.31 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 473-485
    • Xie, Y.1    Zhong, C.2    Zeng, M.3    Guan, L.4    Luo, L.5
  • 198
    • 0029987469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromium (VI) treatment of normal human lung cells results in guanine-specific DNA polymerase arrest, DNA-DNA cross-links and S-phase blockade of cell cycle
    • DOI 10.1093/carcin/17.7.1511
    • Xu J, Bubley GJ, Detrick B, Blankenship LJ, Patierno SR (1996) Chromium(VI) treatment of normal human lung cells results in guanine-specific DNA polymerase arrest, DNA-DNA cross-links and S-phase blockade of cell cycle. Carcinogenesis 17(7):1511-1517. doi:10.1093/carcin/17.7.1511 (Pubitemid 26242659)
    • (1996) Carcinogenesis , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 1511-1517
    • Xu, J.1    Bubley, G.J.2    Detrick, B.3    Blankenship, L.J.4    Patierno, S.R.5
  • 199
    • 84883097117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappaB non-cell-autonomously regulates cancer stem cell populations in the basal-like breast cancer subtype
    • doi:10.1038/ncomms3299
    • Yamamoto M, Taguchi Y, Ito-Kureha T, Semba K, Yamaguchi N, Inoue J (2013) NF-kappaB non-cell-autonomously regulates cancer stem cell populations in the basal-like breast cancer subtype. Nat Commun 4:2299. doi:10.1038/ncomms3299
    • (2013) Nat Commun , vol.4 , pp. 2299
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Taguchi, Y.2    Ito-Kureha, T.3    Semba, K.4    Yamaguchi, N.5    Inoue, J.6
  • 200
    • 0034802551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression profile in response to chromium-induced cell stress in A549 cells
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1017974415052
    • Ye J, Shi X (2001) Gene expression profile in response to chromium-induced cell stress in A549 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 222(1-2):189-197. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0793-2-22 (Pubitemid 32910335)
    • (2001) Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol.222 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 189-197
    • Ye, J.1    Shi, X.2
  • 201
    • 0028809788 scopus 로고
    • Chromium(VI)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B activation in intact cells via free radical reactions
    • doi:10.1093/carcin/16.10.2401
    • Ye J, Zhang X, Young HA, Mao Y, Shi X (1995) Chromium(VI)-induced nuclear factor-kappa B activation in intact cells via free radical reactions. Carcinogenesis 16(10):2401-2405. doi:10.1093/carcin/16.10.2401
    • (1995) Carcinogenesis , vol.16 , Issue.10 , pp. 2401-2405
    • Ye, J.1    Zhang, X.2    Young, H.A.3    Mao, Y.4    Shi, X.5
  • 202
    • 84864440767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cr(VI) induces the decrease of ATP level and the increase of apoptosis rate mediated by ROS or VDAC1 in L-02 hepatocytes
    • doi:10.1016/j.etap.2012.06.016
    • Yuan Y, Ming Z, Gong-Hua H, Lan G, Lu D, Peng L, Feng J, Cai-Gao Z (2012) Cr(VI) induces the decrease of ATP level and the increase of apoptosis rate mediated by ROS or VDAC1 in L-02 hepatocytes. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 34(2):579-587. doi:10.1016/j.etap.2012.06.016
    • (2012) Environ Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 579-587
    • Yuan, Y.1    Ming, Z.2    Gong-Hua, H.3    Lan, G.4    Lu, D.5    Peng, L.6    Feng, J.7    Cai-Gao, Z.8
  • 203
    • 79251518919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged protein turnover of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by phospholipase C-gamma 1 is critical for anchorage-independent growth and ATP synthesis in transformed cells
    • doi:10.3109/07357907.2010.535062
    • Yun JW, Kim SK, Kim H (2011) Prolonged protein turnover of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by phospholipase C-gamma 1 is critical for anchorage-independent growth and ATP synthesis in transformed cells. Cancer Invest 29(2):93-101. doi:10.3109/07357907.2010.535062
    • (2011) Cancer Invest , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 93-101
    • Yun, J.W.1    Kim, S.K.2    Kim, H.3
  • 204
  • 205
    • 12144270899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of chromium-DNA adducts in mutagenicity and toxicity of chromium(VI)
    • doi:10.1021/tx049774
    • Zhitkovich A (2005) Importance of chromium-DNA adducts in mutagenicity and toxicity of chromium(VI). Chem Res Toxicol 18(1):3-11. doi:10.1021/tx049774?
    • (2005) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-11
    • Zhitkovich, A.1
  • 206
    • 0030477367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle: On target with Myc
    • Zornig M, Evan GI (1996) Cell cycle: on target with Myc. Curr Biol 6(12):1553-1556. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)70769-0 (Pubitemid 27050213)
    • (1996) Current Biology , vol.6 , Issue.12 , pp. 1553-1556
    • Zornig, M.1    Evan, G.I.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.