Recent advances in developing insect natural products as potential modern day medicines

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Volumn 2014, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Ratcliffe, Norman ^a,b   Azambuja, Patricia ^c   Mello, Cicero Brasileiro ^a  

^a FLUMINENSE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY   (Brazil)

^b SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACACETIN; ANT VENOM; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; APAMIN; APIGENIN; BEE VENOM; CANTHARIDIN; CECROPIN A; DEFENSIN; FLAVONOID; HYALURONIDASE; MAST CELL DEGRANULATING PEPTIDE; MELITTIN; NATURAL PRODUCT; NORCANTHARIDIN; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; PROPOLIS; SILK; WASP VENOM;

ALPHA HELIX; ANT; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; APITHERAPY; BEETLE; BIOENGINEERING; DEBRIDEMENT; HONEY; HUMAN; INSECT; MAGGOT THERAPY; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; WASP; WOUND CARE; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 84901999389     PISSN: 1741427X     EISSN: 17414288     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2014/904958     Document Type: Review

References (175)

1. Cherniack E. P., Bugs as drugs, part 1: insects. The "new" alternative medicine for the 21st century? Alternative Medicine Review 2010 15 2 124 135 2-s2.0-77954655921
2. Dossey A. T., Insects and their chemical weaponry: new potential for drug discovery. Natural Product Reports 2010 27 12 1737 1757 2-s2.0-78649235744 10.1039/c005319h
3. Ratcliffe N. A., Mello C. B., Garcia E. S., Butt T. M., Azambuja P., Insect natural products and processes: new treatments for human disease. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2011 41 10 747 769 2-s2.0-80051817300 10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.05.007
4. Zhu F., Ma X. H., Qin C., Drug discovery prospect from untapped species: indications from approved natural product drugs. PLoS ONE 2012 7 7 e39782 10.1371/journal.pone.0039782
5. Taylor P. W., Alternative natural sources for a new generation of antibacterial agents. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2013 42 195 201
6. Zhao H., Feng X., Han W., Enhanced binding to and killing of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by melittin when linked with a novel targeting peptide screened from phage display. Journal of Peptide Science 2013 19 639 650
7. Kuczer M., Majewska A., Zahorska R., New alloferon analogues: synthesis and antiviral properties. Chemical Biology and Drug Design 2013 81 302 309
8. Koh C. Y., Kumar S., Kazimirova M., Nuttall P. A., Radhakrishnan U. P., Kim S., Jagadeeswaran P., Imamura T., Mizuguchi J., Iwanaga S., Swaminathan K., Kini R. M., Crystal structure of thrombin in complex with s-variegin: insights of a novel mechanism of inhibition and design of tunable thrombin inhibitors. PLoS ONE 2011 6 10 2-s2.0-80055037344 10.1371/journal.pone.0026367 e26367
9. Pemberton R. W., Insects and other arthropods used as drugs in Korean traditional medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1999 65 3 207 216 2-s2.0-0032782991 10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00209-8 (Pubitemid 29336014)
10. Gomes A., Alam M. A., Bhattacharya S., Dasgupta S. C., Mukherjee S., Bhattacharya S., Gomes A., Ethno biological usage of zoo products in rheumatoid arthritis. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 2011 49 8 565 573 2-s2.0-80052564688
11. Lockhart G. J., Ants and other great medicines. partially published online by A. L. Jacobson, 2007, http://www.arthurleej.com/ants.pdf
12. Dunn R., Insects as medicines: the ant and the grasshopper. http://www.robrdunn.com/
13. Srivastava S. K., Babau N., Pandey H., Traditional insect bioprospecting-as human food and medicine. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 2009 8 4 485 494
14. Costa-Neto E. M., The use of insects in folk medicine in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, with notes on insects reported elsewherein Brazilian folk medicine. Human Ecology 2002 30 2 245 263 2-s2.0-0036307113 10.1023/A:1015696830997 (Pubitemid 34724993)
15. Lee D. S., Sinno S., Khachemoune A., Honey and wound healing: an overview. The American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 2011 12 3 181 190 2-s2.0-79953802065 10.2165/11538930-000000000-00000
16. Al-Waili N. S., Salom K., Al-Ghamdi A. A., Honey for wound healing, ulcers, and burns; data supporting its use in clinical practice. TheScientificWorldJournal 2011 11 766 787 2-s2.0-79955655735 10.1100/tsw.2011.78
17. Seckam A., Cooper R., Understanding how honey impacts on wounds: an update on recent research findings. Wounds International 2013 4 1 20 24
18. Jull A. B., Rodgers A., Walker N., Honey as a topical treatment for wounds. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008 4 CD005083 10.1002/14651858.CD005083.pub3 2-s2.0-58249091936
19. Brölmann F. E., Ubbink D. T., Nelson E. A., Evidence based decisions for local and systemic wound care. British Journal of Surgery 2012 99 9 1172 1183
20. Abubakar M. B., Abdullah W. Z., Sulaiman S. A., Suen A. B., A review of molecular mechanisms of the anti-leukemic effects of phenolic compounds in honey. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2012 13 15054 15073
21. Tonks A. J., Dudley E., Porter N. G., Parton J., Brazier J., Smith E. L., Tonks A., A 5.8-kDa component of manuka honey stimulates immune cells via TLR4. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 2007 82 5 1147 1155 2-s2.0-36248979839 10.1189/jlb.1106683 (Pubitemid 350133512)
22. Kwakman P. H. S., te Velde A. A., de Boer L., Vandenbroucke-Grauls C. M. J. E., Zaat S. A. J., Two major medicinal honeys have different mechanisms of bactericidal activity. PLoS ONE 2011 6 3 2-s2.0-79952330749 10.1371/journal. pone.0017709 e17709
23. Alnaimat S., Wainwright M., Al'Abri K., Antibacterial potential of honey from different origins: a comparison with Manuka honey. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences 2012 1 5 1328 1338
24. Jenkins R. E., Cooper R., Synergy between oxacillin and manuka honey sensitizes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin. Journal Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2012 67 6 1405 1407 10.1093/jac/dks071
25. Cooper R. A., Lindsay E., Molan P. C., Testing the susceptibility to manuka honey of streptococci isolated from wound swabs. Journal of ApiProduct & ApiMedical Science 2011 3 3 117 122
26. Henriques A. F., Jenkins R. E., Burton N. F., Cooper R. A., The effect of manuka honey on the structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 2011 30 2 167 171 2-s2.0-78751574088 10.1007/s10096-010-1065-1
27. Roberts A. E., Maddocks S. E., Cooper R. A., Manuka honey is bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and results in differential expression of OprF and algD. Microbiology 2012 158 12 3005 3013
28. Brudzynski K., Abubaker K., Wang T., Powerful killing by buckwheat honeys is concentration-dependent, involves complete DNA degradation and requires hydrogen peroxide. Frontiers in Microbiology 2012 3, article 242 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00242
29. Maddocks S. E., Lopez M. S., Rowlands R. S., Cooper R. A., Manuka honey inhibits the development of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilms and causes reduced expression of two fibronectin binding proteins. Microbiology 2012 158 3 781 790 2-s2.0-84857696563 10.1099/mic.0.053959-0
30. Boukraâa L., Sulaiman S. A., Rediscovering the antibiotics of the hive. Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery 2009 4 3 206 213 2-s2.0-70350749899 10.2174/157489109789318505
31. Sforcin J. M., Bankova V., Propolis: is there a potential for the development of new drugs? Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2011 133 2 253 260 2-s2.0-78651407339 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.032
32. Oršolić N., Bee honey and cancer. Journal of ApiProduct and ApiMedical Science 2009 1 4 93 103
33. Spagnuolo C., Russo M., Bilotto S., Dietary polyphenols in cancer prevention: the example of the flavonoid quercetin in leukemia. Annals New York Academy of Science 2012 1259 95 103
34. Szliszka E., Krol W., Polyphenols isolated from propolis augment TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 2013 10 731940 10.1155/2013/731940
35. Budhraja A., Gao N., Zhang Z., Son Y.-O., Cheng S., Wang X., Ding S., Hitron A., Chen G., Luo J., Shi X., Apigenin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells and exhibits anti-leukemic activity in vivo. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2012 11 1 132 142 2-s2.0-84855697151 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0343
36. Fernandez-Cabezudo M. J., El-Kharrag R., Torab F., Intravenous administration of manuka honey inhibits tumor growth and improves host survival when used in combination with chemotherapy in a melanoma mouse model. PLoS ONE 2013 8 2 e55993 10.1371/journal.pone.0055993
37. Hoffman D. R., Ant venoms. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010 10 4 342 346 2-s2.0-77954658087 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328339f325
38. Danneels E. L., Rivers D. B., de Graaf D. C., Venom proteins of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis: recent discovery of an untapped pharmacopee. Toxins 2010 2 4 494 516 2-s2.0-77958507552 10.3390/toxins2040494
39. Matysiak J., Schmelzer C. E. H., Neubert R. H. H., Kokot Z. J., Characterization of honeybee venom by MALDI-TOF and nanoESI-QqTOF mass spectrometry. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2011 54 2 273 278 2-s2.0-78650217588 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.08.020
40. Gajski G., Garaj-Vrhovac V., Melittin: a lytic peptide with anticancer properties. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 2013 36 2 697 705
41. Terwilliger T. C., Eisenberg D., The structure of melittin. II. Interpretation of the structure. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1982 257 11 6016 6022 2-s2.0-0020479123
42. Oršolić N., Bee venom in cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Reviews 2012 31 173 194
43. Lee M.-T., Sun T.-L., Hung W.-C., Process of inducing pores in membranes by melittin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 110 35 14243 14248 10.1073/pnas.1307010110
44. Sharma S. V., Melittin resistance: a counterselection for ras transformation. Oncogene 1992 7 2 193 201 2-s2.0-0026536054
45. Zhu H. G., Tayeh I., Israel L., Castagna M., Different susceptibility of lung cell lines to inhibitors of tumor promotion and inducers of differentiation. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents 1991 5 2 52 58 2-s2.0-0026006141
46. Zhao Y. H., Bai Y., Cui H., Design and expression in Pichia pastoris of melittin and research of antibacterial activity increasing of melittin Shengming Kexue Yanjiu 2006 10 4 313 319
47. Vuorenoja S., Rivero-Müller A., Ziecik A. J., Huhtaniemi I., Toppari J., Rahman N. A., Targeted therapy for adrenocortical tumors in transgenic mice through their LH receptor by Hecate-human chorionic gonadotropin β conjugate. Endocrine-Related Cancer 2008 15 2 635 648 2-s2.0-45849147398 10.1677/ERC-08-0015 (Pubitemid 351880849)
48. Zhao H., Feng X., Han W., Enhanced binding to and killing of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro by melittin when linked with a novel targeting peptide screened from phage display. Journal of Peptide Science 2013 19 639 650
49. Winder D., Günzburg W. H., Erfle V., Salmons B., Expression of antimicrobial peptides has an antitumour effect in human cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1998 242 3 608 612 2-s2.0-0032567666 10.1006/bbrc.1997.8014 (Pubitemid 28412575)
50. Soman N. R., Baldwin S. L., Hu G., Marsh J. N., Lanza G. M., Heuser J. E., Arbeit J. M., Wickline S. A., Schlesinger P. H., Molecularly targeted nanocarriers deliver the cytolytic peptide melittin specifically to tumor cells in mice, reducing tumor growth. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2009 119 9 2830 2842 2-s2.0-70349220917 10.1172/JCI38842
51. Huang C., Jin H., Qian Y., Hybrid melittin cytolytic peptide-driven ultrasmall lipid nanoparticles block melanoma growth in vivo. ACS Nano 2013 7 7 5791 5800
52. Dosler S., Gerceker A. A., In vitro activities of antimicrobial cationic peptides: melittin and nisin, alone or in combination with antibiotics against Gram-positive bacteria. Journal of Chemotherapy 2012 24 3 137 143
53. Hood J. L., Jallouk A. P., Campbell N., Cytolytic nanoparticles attenuate HIV-1 infectivity. Antiviral Therapy 2013 18 1 95 103
54. Ahn M. Y., Shim S. H., Jeong H. K., Ryu K. S., Purification of a dimethyladenosine compound from silkworm pupae as a vasorelaxation substance. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2008 117 1 115 122 2-s2.0-40949141821 10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.031
55. Sutherland T. D., Young J. H., Weisman S., Hayashi C. Y., Merritt D. J., Insect silk: one name, many materials. Annual Review of Entomology 2010 55 171 188 2-s2.0-72049118813 10.1146/annurev-ento-112408-085401
56. Widhe M., Johansson J., Hedhammar M., Rising A., Current progress and limitations of spider silk for biomedical applications. Biopolymers 2012 97 6 468 478 2-s2.0-84858865571 10.1002/bip.21715
57. Sutherland T. D., Weisman S., Walker A. A., Mudie S. T., The coiled coil silk of bees, ants, and hornets. Biopolymers 2012 97 6 446 454 2-s2.0-84858866966 10.1002/bip.21702
58. Numata K., Subramanian B., Currie H. A., Kaplan D. L., Bioengineered silk protein-based gene delivery systems. Biomaterials 2009 30 29 5775 5784 2-s2.0-68549132265 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.06.028
59. Numata K., Kaplan D. L., Silk-based delivery systems of bioactive molecules. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2010 62 15 1497 1508 2-s2.0-78649819538 10.1016/j.addr.2010.03.009
60. MacIntosh A. C., Kearns V. R., Crawford A., Hatton P. V., Skeletal tissue engineering using silk biomaterials. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2008 2 2-3 71 80 2-s2.0-52049122909 10.1002/term.68
61. The International Silkworm Genome Consortium, The genome of a lepidopteran model insect, the silkworm Bombyx mori. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2008 38 12 1036 1045 2-s2.0-59649116641 10.1016/j.ibmb.2008. 11.004
62. Nitta S. K., Numata K., Biopolymer-based nanoparticles for drug/gene delivery and tissue engineering. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2013 14 1629 1654
63. Xu M., Lewis R. V., Structure of a protein superfiber: spider dragline silk. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1990 87 18 7120 7124 2-s2.0-0025008260
64. Teulé F., Miao Y.-G., Sohn B.-H., Kim Y.-S., Hull J. J., Fraser M. J. Jr., Lewis R. V., Jarvis D. L., Silkworms transformed with chimeric silkworm/spider silk genes spin composite silk fibers with improved mechanical properties. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 109 3 923 928 2-s2.0-84856397575 10.1073/pnas.1109420109
65. Numata K., Hamasaki J., Subramanian B., Kaplan D. L., Gene delivery mediated by recombinant silk proteins containing cationic and cell binding motifs. Journal of Controlled Release 2010 146 1 136 143 2-s2.0-77955281352 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.05.006
66. Numata K., Reagan M. R., Goldstein R. H., Rosenblatt M., Kaplan D. L., Spider silk-based gene carriers for tumor cell-specific delivery. Bioconjugate Chemistry 2011 22 8 1605 1610 2-s2.0-80051734273 10.1021/bc200170u
67. Numata K., Mieszawska-Czajkowska A. J., Kvenvold L. A., Kaplan D. L., Silk-based nanocomplexes with tumor-homing peptides for tumor-specific gene delivery. Macromolecular Bioscience 2012 12 1 75 82 2-s2.0-84855470671 10.1002/mabi.201100274
68. Zhang Q., Yan S. Q., Li M. Z., Porous materials based on Bombyx mori silk fibroin. Journal of Fiber Bioengineering and Informatics 2010 3 1 1 8 10.3993/jfbi06201001
69. Seib F. P., Herklotz M., Burke K. A., Multifunctional silk-heparin biomaterials for vascular tissue engineering applications. Biomaterials 2014 35 1 83 91
70. Seib F. P., Pritchard E. M., Kaplan D. L., Self-assembling doxorubicin silk hydrogels for the focal treatment of primary breast cancer. Advanced Functional Materials 2013 23 1 58 65
71. Pritchard E. M., Valentin T., Panilaitis B., Antibiotic-releasing silk biomaterials for infection prevention and treatment. Advanced Functional Materials 2012 23 7 854 861
72. Hronik-Tupaj M., Raja W. K., Tang-Schomer M., Omenetto F. G., Kaplan D. L., Neural responses to electrical stimulation on patterned silk films. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research A 2013 101 9 2559 2572
73. Zhang J., Pritchard E., Hu X., Stabilization of vaccines and antibiotics in silk and eliminating the cold chain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 109 30 11981 11986 10.1073/pnas.1206210109
74. Sheng X., Fan L., He C., Vitamin E-loaded silk fibroin nanofibrous mats fabricated by green process for skin care application. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2013 56 49 56
75. Tokareva O., Michalczechen-Lacerda V. A., Rech E. L., Recombinant DNA production of spider silk proteins. Microbial Biotechnology 2013 6 6 651 663
76. Rajkhowa R., Tsuzuki T., Wang X. G., Recent innovations in silk biomaterials. Journal of Fiber Bioengineering and Informatics 2010 2 4 202 213
77. Bologna M. A., Pinto J. D., Phylogenetic studies of Meloidae (Coleoptera), with emphasis on the evolution of phoresy. Systematic Entomology 2001 26 1 33 72 2-s2.0-0035141626 10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00132.x (Pubitemid 32100642)
78. Galvis C. E. P., Mendez L. Y. V., Kouznetsov V. V., Cantharidin-based small molecules as potential therapeutic agents. Chemical Biology and Drug Design 2013 82 477 499
79. Lissina E., Young B., Urbanus M. L., Guan X. L., Lowenson J., Hoon S., Baryshnikova A., Riezman I., Michaut M., Riezman H., Cowen L. E., Wenk M. R., Clarke S. G., Giaever G., Nislow C., A systems biology approach reveals the role of a novel methyltransferase in response to chemical stress and lipid homeostasis. PLoS Genetics 2011 7 10 2-s2.0-80055077332 10.1371/journal.pgen. 1002332 e1002332
80. Bajsa J., McCluskey A., Gordon C. P., Stewart S. G., Hill T. A., Sahu R., Duke S. O., Tekwani B. L., The antiplasmodial activity of norcantharidin analogs. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2010 20 22 6688 6695 2-s2.0-77958068919 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.004
81. Ghaffarifar F., Leishmania major: in vitro and in vivo anti-leishmanial effect of cantharidin. Experimental Parasitology 2010 126 2 126 129 2-s2.0-77955278160 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.04.004
82. Tseng I. J., Sheu S. Y., Li P. Y., Synthesis and evaluation of cantharidinimides on human cancer cells. Journal of Experimental Clinical Medicine 2012 4 280 283
83. Zhan Y.-P., Huang X.-E., Cao J., Clinical study on safety and efficacy of Qinin (cantharidin sodium) injection combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with gastric cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 13 9 4773 4776
84. Li W., Xie L., Chen Z., Zhu Y., Sun Y., Miao Y., Xu Z., Han X., Cantharidin, a potent and selective PP2A inhibitor, induces an oxidative stress-independent growth inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells through G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Cancer Science 2010 101 5 1226 1233 2-s2.0-77953204596 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01523.x
85. Huang W.-W., Ko S.-W., Tsai H.-Y., Chung J.-G., Chiang J.-H., Chen K.-T., Chen Y.-C., Chen H.-Y., Chen Y.-F., Yang J.-S., Cantharidin induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer colo 205 cells through inhibition of CDK1 activity and caspase-dependent signaling pathways. International Journal of Oncology 2011 38 4 1067 1073 2-s2.0-79952327221 10.3892/ijo.2011.922
86. Huang Y.-P., Ni C.-H., Lu C.-C., Suppressions of migration and invasion by cantharidin in TSGH-8301 human bladder carcinoma cells through the inhibitions of matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 signaling. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 2013 8 190281 10.1155/2013/190281
87. Shou L. M., Zhang Q. Y., Li W., Cantharidin and norcantharidin inhibit the ability of MCF-7 cells to adhere to platelets via protein kinase C pathway-dependent downregulation of α 2 integrin. Oncology Reports 2013 30 1059 1066
88. Li W., Li D. M., Chen K., Development of a gene therapy strategy to target hepatocellular carcinoma based inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A using the α -fetoprotein promoter enhancer and pgk promoter: an in vitro and in vivo study. BMC Cancer 2012 12, article 547 10.1186/1471-2407-12-547
89. Dang Y.-J., Zhu C.-Y., Oral bioavailability of cantharidin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. BMC Chinese Medicine 2013 8, article 1 10.1186/1749-8546-8- 1
90. Lavine M. D., Strand M. R., Insect hemocytes and their role in immunity. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2002 32 10 1295 1309 2-s2.0-0036784566 10.1016/S0965-1748(02)00092-9
91. Wang G., Antimicrobial Peptides 2010 CABI Advances in Molecular and Cellular Biology Series. http://ebookee.org/Antimicrobial-Peptides-Advances-in- Molecular-and-Cellular-Biology-Series-912403.html
92. Peravali J. B., Kotra S. R., Sobha K., Antimicrobial peptides: an effective alternative for antibiotic therapy. Mintage Journal of Pharmaceutical & Medical Sciences 2013 2 2 1 7
93. Kang S. J., Kim D. H., Mishig-Ochir T., Antimicrobial peptides: their physicochemical properties and therapeutic application. Archives of Pharmal Research 2012 35 3 409 413
94. Ntwasa M., Goto A., Kurata S., Coleopteran antimicrobial peptides: prospects for clinical applications. International Journal of Microbiology 2012 2012 8 2-s2.0-84859715532 10.1155/2012/101989 101989
95. Laverty G., Gorman S. P., Gilmore B. F., The potential of antimicrobial peptides as biocides. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2011 12 10 6566 6596 2-s2.0-80055054079 10.3390/ijms12106566
96. Guaní-Guerra E., Santos-Mendoza T., Lugo-Reyes S. O., Terán L. M., Antimicrobial peptides: general overview and clinical implications in human health and disease. Clinical Immunology 2010 135 1 1 11 2-s2.0-77649237880 10.1016/j.clim.2009.12.004
97. Zhao X., Wu H., Lu H., LAMP: a database linking antimicrobial peptides. PLoS ONE 2013 8 6 e66557 10.1371/journal.pone.0066557
98. Brogden N. K., Brogden K. A., Will new generations of modified antimicrobial peptides improve their potential as pharmaceuticals? International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2011 38 3 217 225 2-s2.0-80051546187 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.004
99. Ntwasa M., Abdelmohsen K., Cationic peptide interactions with biological macromolecules. Binding Protein 2012 InTech Open Access Publishing 139 164 10.5772/48492
100. Gaspar D., Veiga A. S., Castanho M. A. R. B., From antimicrobial to anticancer peptides. A review. Frontiers in Microbiology 2013 4, article 294 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00294
101. Hoskin D. W., Ramamoorthy A., Studies on anticancer activities of antimicrobial peptides. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Biomembranes 2008 1778 2 357 375 2-s2.0-38349009178 10.1016/j.bbamem.2007.11.008
102. Kokoza V., Ahmed A., Shin S. W., Okafor N., Zou Z., Raikhel A. S., Blocking of Plasmodium transmission by cooperative action of cecropin A and defensin A in transgenic Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 107 18 8111 8116 2-s2.0-77952405582 10.1073/pnas.1003056107
103. Torrent M., Pulido D., Rivas L., Antimicrobial peptide action on parasites. Current Drug Targets 2012 13 1138 1147
104. Ostorhazi E., Holub M. C., Rozgonyi F., Harmos F., Cassone M., Wade J. D., Otvos L. Jr., Broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy of peptide A3-APO in mouse models of multidrug-resistant wound and lung infections cannot be explained by in vitro activity against the pathogens involved. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2011 37 5 480 484 2-s2.0-79953880212 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.01.003
105. Berthold N., Czihal P., Fritsche S., Novel apidaecin 1b analogs with superior serum stabilities for treatment of infections by gram-negative pathogens. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2013 57 1 402 409
106. Bulet P., Stöcklin R., Insect antimicrobial peptides: structures, properties and gene regulation. Protein and Peptide Letters 2005 12 1 3 11 2-s2.0-11344267777 10.2174/0929866053406011 (Pubitemid 40071927)
107. Ulm H., Wilmes M., Shai Y., Antimicrobial host defensins-specific antibiotic activities and innate defense modulation. Frontiers in Immunology 2012 3, article 249 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00249
108. Wiesner J., Vilcinskas A., Antimicrobial peptides: the ancient arm of the human immune system. Virulence 2010 1 5 440 464 2-s2.0-78249233244 10.4161/viru.1.5.12983
109. Huang Y., Huang J., Chen Y., Alpha-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides: relationships of structure and function. Protein and Cell 2010 1 2 143 152 2-s2.0-79953148897 10.1007/s13238-010-0004-3
110. Zaiou M., Multifunctional antimicrobial peptides: therapeutic targets in several human diseases. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2007 85 4 317 329 2-s2.0-33947418509 10.1007/s00109-006-0143-4 (Pubitemid 46452258)
111. Paranjape S. M., Lauer T. W., Montelaro R. C., Modulation of proinflammatory activity by the engineered cationic antimicrobial peptide WLBU-2. F1000Research 2013 2, article 36 10.12688/f1000research.2-36.v1
112. Ausbacher D., Svineng G., Hansen T., Anticancer mechanisms of action of two small amphipathic β 2, 2-amino acid derivatives derived from antimicrobial peptides. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2012 1818 2917 2925
113. Iwasaki T., Ishibashi J., Tanaka H., Sato M., Asaoka A., Taylor D., Yamakawa M., Selective cancer cell cytotoxicity of enantiomeric 9-mer peptides derived from beetle defensins depends on negatively charged phosphatidylserine on the cell surface. Peptides 2009 30 4 660 668 2-s2.0-62749091569 10.1016/j.peptides.2008.12.019
114. Bommarius B., Jenssen H., Elliott M., Kindrachuk J., Pasupuleti M., Gieren H., Jaeger K.-E., Hancock R. E. W., Kalman D., Cost-effective expression and purification of antimicrobial and host defense peptides in Escherichia coli. Peptides 2010 31 11 1957 1965 2-s2.0-77957840139 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.08.008
115. Wang H., Meng X.-L., Xu J.-P., Wang J., Wang H., Ma C.-W., Production, purification, and characterization of the cecropin from Plutella xylostella, pxCECA1, using an intein-induced self-cleavable system in Escherichia coli. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 2012 94 1031 1039 2-s2.0-84855801998 10.1007/s00253-011-3863-5
116. Wang X., Zhu M., Yang G., Su C., Zhang A., Cao R., Chen P., Expression of cecropin B in Pichia pastoris and its bioactivity in vitro. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 2011 2 4 655 660 2-s2.0-79958075175 10.3892/etm.2011.262
117. Huang J.-J., Lu J.-C., Lu M., The design and construction of K11: a novel α -helical antimicrobial peptide. International Journal of Microbiology 2012 2012 6 764834 10.1155/2012/764834
118. Guralp S. A., Murgha Y. E., Rouillard J.-M., From design to screening: a new antimicrobial peptide discovery pipeline. PLoS ONE 2013 8 3 e59305 10.1371/journal.pone.0059305
119. Maccari G., di Luca M., Nifosi R., Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobjective optimization. PLoS Computer Biology 2013 9 9 e1003212 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003212
120. Zasloff M., Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature 2002 415 6870 389 395 2-s2.0-0037165196 10.1038/415389a (Pubitemid 34100944)
121. Fehri L. F., Sirand-Pugnet P., Gourgues G., Jan G., Wróblewski H., Blanchard A., Resistance to antimicrobial peptides and stress response in Mycoplasma pulmonis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2005 49 10 4154 4165 2-s2.0-25844493767 10.1128/AAC.49.10.4154-4165.2005 (Pubitemid 41400959)
122. Giacometti A., Cirioni O., Barchiesi F., Fortuna M., Scalise G., In-vitro activity of cationic peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 1999 44 5 641 645 2-s2.0-0032739820 10.1093/jac/44.5.641 (Pubitemid 29532842)
123. Perron G. G., Zasloff M., Bell G., Experimental evolution of resistance to an antimicrobial peptide. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 2006 273 1583 251 256 2-s2.0-34248634314 10.1098/rspb.2005.3301 (Pubitemid 46768100)
124. Chernysh S. I., Gordja N. A., The immune system of maggots of the blow fly (Calliphora vicina) as a source of medicinal drugs. Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology 2011 47 6 524 533 2-s2.0-84856730089 10.1134/S0022093011060032
125. Park S.-C., Park Y., Hahm K.-S., The role of antimicrobial peptides in preventing multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and biofilm formation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2011 12 9 5971 5992 2-s2.0-80053184140 10.3390/ijms12095971
126. Kazemzadeh-Narbat M., Noordin S., Masri B. A., Garbuz D. S., Duncan C. P., Hancock R. E. W., Wang R., Drug release and bone growth studies of antimicrobial peptide-loaded calcium phosphate coating on titanium. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research B: Applied Biomaterials 2012 100 5 1344 1352 2-s2.0-84860555266 10.1002/jbm.b.32701
127. Sherman R. A., Hall M. J. R., Thomas S., Medicinal maggots: an ancient remedy for some contemporary afflictions. Annual Review of Entomology 2000 45 55 81 2-s2.0-0034083921 10.1146/annurev.ento.45.1.55 (Pubitemid 30187854)
128. Bexfield A., Bond A. E., Roberts E. C., Dudley E., Nigam Y., Thomas S., Newton R. P., Ratcliffe N. A., The antibacterial activity against MRSA strains and other bacteria of a <500 Da fraction from maggot excretions/secretions of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Microbes and Infection 2008 10 4 325 333 2-s2.0-42649114759 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.12.011
129. Sherman R. A., Maggot therapy takes us back to the future of wound care: new and improved maggot therapy for the 21st century. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 2009 3 2 336 344 2-s2.0-77952007912
130. Vilcinskas A., Vilsinskas A., From traditional maggot therapy to modern biosurgery. Insect Biotechnology 2010 Dordrecht, The Netherlands Springer 67 76
131. Bohova J., Majtan J., Takac P., Immunomodulatory properties of medicinal maggots Lucilia sericata in wound healing process. TANG International Journal of Genuine Traditional Medicine 2012 2 3 1 7
132. Chambers L., Woodrow S., Brown A. P., Harris P. D., Phillips D., Hall M., Church J. C. T., Pritchard D. I., Degradation of extracellular matrix components by defined proteinases from the greenbottle larva Lucilia sericata used for the clinical debridement of non-healing wounds. British Journal of Dermatology 2003 148 1 14 23 2-s2.0-0037240611 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.04935.x (Pubitemid 36114856)
133. Brown A., Horobin A., Blount D. G., Blow fly Lucilia sericata nuclease digests DNA associated with wound slough/eschar and with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 2012 26 4 432 439
134. Telford G., Brown A. P., Rich A., Wound debridement potential of glycosidases of the wound-healing maggot, Lucilia sericata. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 2012 26 3 291 299
135. Bexfield A., Bond A. E., Morgan C., Wagstaff J., Newton R. P., Ratcliffe N. A., Dudley E., Nigam Y., Amino acid derivatives from Lucilia sericata excretions/secretions may contribute to the beneficial effects of maggot therapy via increased angiogenesis. British Journal of Dermatology 2010 162 3 554 562 2-s2.0-76949097234 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09530.x
136. Zhang Z., Wang S., Diao Y., Zhang J., Lv D., Fatty acid extracts from Lucilia sericata larvae promote murine cutaneous wound healing by angiogenic activity. Lipids in Health and Disease 2010 9, article 24 2-s2.0-77949763144 10.1186/1476-511X-9-24
137. van der Plas M. J. A., van der Does A. M., Baldry M., Dogterom-Ballering H. C. M., van Gulpen C., van Dissel J. T., Nibbering P. H., Jukema G. N., Maggot excretions/secretions inhibit multiple neutrophil pro-inflammatory responses. Microbes and Infection 2007 9 4 507 514 2-s2.0-33947195706 10.1016/j.micinf. 2007.01.008 (Pubitemid 46436548)
138. van der Plas M. J. A., Baldry M., van Dissel J. T., Jukema G. N., Nibbering P. H., Maggot secretions suppress pro-inflammatory responses of human monocytes through elevation of cyclic AMP. Diabetologia 2009 52 9 1962 1970 2-s2.0-68449085618 10.1007/s00125-009-1432-6
139. van der Plas M. J. A., van Dissel J. T., Nibbering P. H., Maggot secretions skew monocyte-macrophage differentiation away from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-angiogenic type. PLoS ONE 2009 4 11 e8071 10.1371/journal.pone.0008071 2-s2.0-77951219732
140. Elkington R. A., Humphries M., Commins M., Maugeri N., Tierney T., Mahony T. J., A Lucilia cuprina excretory-secretory protein inhibits the early phase of lymphocyte activation and subsequent proliferation. Parasite Immunology 2009 31 12 750 765 2-s2.0-71049168813 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01154.x
141. Cazander G., Schreurs M. W. J., Renwarin L., Maggot excretions affect the human complement system. Wound Repair and Regeneration 2012 20 879 886
142. Čeřovský V., Žďárek J., Fučík V., Monincová L., Voburka Z., Bém R., Lucifensin, the long-sought antimicrobial factor of medicinal maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2010 67 3 455 466 2-s2.0-75849150540 10.1007/s00018-009-0194-0
143. Andersen A. S., Sandvang D., Schnorr K. M., Kruse T., Neve S., Joergensen B., Karlsmark T., Krogfelt K. A., A novel approach to the antimicrobial activity of maggot debridement therapy. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2010 65 8 1646 1654 2-s2.0-77954728162 10.1093/jac/dkq165
144. Chernysh S., Kim S. I., Bekker G., Pleskach V. A., Filatova N. A., Anikin V. B., Platonov V. G., Bulet P., Antiviral and antitumor peptides from insects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2002 99 20 12628 12632 2-s2.0-0036789872 10.1073/pnas.192301899
145. Bexfield A., Nigam Y., Thomas S., Ratcliffe N. A., Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions/secretions of the medicinal maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Microbes and Infection 2004 6 14 1297 1304 2-s2.0-9144248470 10.1016/j.micinf.2004.08.011 (Pubitemid 39539727)
146. Telford G., Brown A. P., Kind A., English J. S. C., Pritchard D. I., Maggot chymotrypsin I from Lucilia sericata is resistant to endogenous wound protease inhibitors. British Journal of Dermatology 2011 164 1 192 196 2-s2.0-78650448723 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10081.x
147. van der Plas M. J. A., Jukema G. N., Wai S.-W., Dogterom-Ballering H. C. M., Lagendijk E. I., van Gulpen C., Van Dissel J. T., Bloemberg G. V., Nibbering P. H., Maggot excretions/secretions are differentially effective against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2008 61 1 117 122 2-s2.0-37549058404 10.1093/jac/dkm407
148. Harris L. G., Bexfield A., Nigam Y., Rohde H., Ratcliffe N. A., Mack D., Disruption of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms by medicinal maggot Lucilia sericata excretions/secretions. International Journal of Artificial Organs 2009 32 9 555 564 2-s2.0-70549107727
149. Altincicek B., Vilcinskas A., Septic injury-inducible genes in medicinal maggots of the green blow fly Lucilia sericata. Insect Molecular Biology 2009 18 1 119 125 2-s2.0-58549118470 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00856.x
150. Harris L. G., Nigam Y., Sawyer J., Lucilia sericata chymotrypsin disrupts protein adhesin-mediated staphylococcal biofilm formation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2013 79 4 1393 1395
151. Pinilla Y. T., Moreno-Pérez D. A., Patarroyo M. A., Proteolytic activity regarding Sarconesiopsis magellanica (Diptera:Calliphoridae) larval excretions and secretions. Acta Tropica 2013 128 686 691
152. Smith A. G., Powis R. A., Pritchard D. I., Britland S. T., Greenbottle (Lucilia sericata) larval secretions delivered from a prototype hydrogel wound dressing accelerate the closure of model wounds. Biotechnology Progress 2006 22 6 1690 1696 2-s2.0-33845481174 10.1021/bp0601600 (Pubitemid 44912675)
153. Pritchard D. I., Telford G., Diab M., Low W., Expression of a cGMP compatible Lucilia sericata insect serine proteinase debridement enzyme. Biotechnology Progress 2012 28 2 567 572 2-s2.0-84859643008 10.1002/btpr.1516
154. Britland S., Smith A., Finter W., Eagland D., Vowden K., Vowden P., Telford G., Brown A., Pritchard D., Recombinant Lucilia sericata chymotrypsin in a topical hydrogel formulation degrades human wound eschar ex vivo. Biotechnology Progress 2011 27 3 870 874 2-s2.0-79958296121 10.1002/btpr.587
155. Zarchi K., Jemec G. B., The efficacy of maggot debridement therapy-a review of comparative clinical trials. International Wound Journal 2012 9 5 469 477 2-s2.0-84855796750 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2011.00919.x
156. Prete P. E., Growth effects of Phaenicia sericata larval extracts on fibroblasts: mechanism for wound healing by maggot therapy. Life Sciences 1997 60 8 505 510 2-s2.0-0031575417 10.1016/S0024-3205(96)00688-1 (Pubitemid 27099797)
157. Li X., Liu N., Xia X., The effects of maggot secretions on the inflammatory cytokines in serum of traumatic rats. African Journal of Traditional and Complementary Alternative Medicine 2013 10 4 151 154
158. Natori S., Molecules participating in insect immunity of Sarcophaga peregrina. Proceedings of the Japan Academy Series B: Physical and Biological Sciences 2010 86 10 927 938 2-s2.0-78650981230 10.2183/pjab.86.927
159. Čeřovský V., Slaninová J., Fučík V., Monincová L., Bednárová L., Maloň P., Štokrová J., Lucifensin, a novel insect defensin of medicinal maggots: synthesis and structural study. ChemBioChem 2011 12 9 1352 1361 2-s2.0-79958738558 10.1002/cbic.201100066
160. El Shazely B., Veverka V., Fucik V., Lucifensin II, a defensin of medicinal maggots of the blowfly Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Journal of Medical Entomology 2013 50 3 571 578
161. Valachová I., Bohová J., Pálošová Z., Expression of lucifensin in Lucilia sericata medicinal maggots in infected environments. Cell and Tissue Research 2013 353 165 171
162. Nygaard M. K. E., Andersen A. S., Kristensen H.-H., Krogfelt K. A., Fojan P., Wimmer R., The insect defensin lucifensin from Lucilia sericata. Journal of Biomolecular NMR 2012 52 277 282 2-s2.0-84856624212 10.1007/s10858-012-9608-7
163. Joyner C., Mills M. K., Nayduch D., Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Musca domestica L.: temporospatial examination of bacteria population dynamics and house fly antimicrobial responses. PLoS ONE 2013 8 11 e79224 10.1371/journal.pone.0079224
164. Park S. O., Shin J. H., Choi W. K., Park B. S., Oh J. S., Jang A., Antibacterial activity of house fly-maggot extracts against MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and VRE (Vancomycin-resistant enterococci). Journal of Environmental Biology 2010 31 5 865 871 2-s2.0-77956427901
165. Chernysh S., Irina K., Irina A., Anti-tumor activity of immunomodulatory peptide alloferon-1 in mouse tumor transplantation model. International Immunopharmacology 2012 12 1 312 314 2-s2.0-84856078670 10.1016/j.intimp.2011. 10.016
166. Chernysh S., Kozuharova I., Anti-tumor activity of a peptide combining patterns of insect alloferons and mammalian immunoglobulins in naïve and tumor antigen vaccinated mice. International Immunopharmacology 2013 17 1090 1093 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.10.014
167. Ryu M.-J., Anikin V., Hong S.-H., Jeon H., Yu Y. G., Yu M.-H., Chernysh S., Lee C., Activation of NF- B by alloferon through down-regulation of antioxidant proteins and I B α Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2008 313 1-2 91 102 2-s2.0-44449144849 10.1007/s11010-008-9746-0
168. Kuczer M., Midak-Siewirska A., Zahorska R., Łuczak M., Konopińska D., Further studies on the antiviral activity of alloferon and its analogues. Journal of Peptide Science 2011 17 11 715 719 2-s2.0-80054995336 10.1002/psc.1388
169. Lee N., Bae S., Kim H., Kong J. M., Kim H.-R., Cho B. J., Kim S. J., Seok S. H., Hwang Y.-I., Kim S., Kang J. S., Lee W. J., Inhibition of lytic reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus by alloferon. Antiviral Therapy 2011 16 3 439 442 2-s2.0-79959486750 10.3851/IMP1788
170. Erdmann G. R., Antibacterial action of Myiasis-causing flies. Parasitology Today 1987 3 7 214 216 2-s2.0-38249036562
171. Kerridge A., Lappin-Scott H., Stevens J. R., Antibacterial properties of larval secretions of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 2005 19 3 333 337 2-s2.0-25444499761 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00577.x (Pubitemid 41710869)
172. Graetz T. J., Tellor B. R., Smith J. R., Avidan M. S., Desirudin: a review of the pharmacology and clinical application for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis. Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 2011 9 9 1101 1109 2-s2.0-80053095416 10.1586/erc.11.131
173. Kazimírová M., Štibrániova I., Tick salivary compounds: their role in modulation of host defences and pathogen transmission. Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2013 3, article 43 10.3389/fcimb.2013.00043
174. Ribeiro J. M. C., Mans B. J., Arcà B., An insight into the sialome of blood-feeding Nematocera. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2010 40 11 767 784 2-s2.0-77957315351 10.1016/j.ibmb.2010.08.002
175. Figueiredo A. C., de Sanctis D., Gutiérrez-Gallego R., Unique thrombin-inhibition mechanism by anophelin, an anticoagulant from the malaria vector. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 109 52 E3649 E3658 10.1073/pnas.1211614109