HIFs, Hypoxia, and Vascular Development

Current Topics in Developmental Biology

Volumn 62, Issue , 2004, Pages 37-54

  Covello, Kelly L ^a,b   Simon, M Celeste ^a,b,c  

^a Abramson Fam Cancer Res Inst   (United States)

^b Department of Cell and Developmental Biology ^*  (United States)

^c HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA BINDING PROTEIN; HIF1A PROTEIN, HUMAN; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; NUCLEAR PROTEIN; OXYGEN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

ANIMAL; BLOOD VESSEL; CELL HYPOXIA; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; METABOLISM; NEOPLASM; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; BLOOD VESSELS; CELL HYPOXIA; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMANS; HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1; HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1, ALPHA SUBUNIT; NEOPLASMS; NUCLEAR PROTEINS; OXYGEN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 16644389516     PISSN: 00702153     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0070-2153(04)62002-3     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. D.M. Adelman M. Gertsenstein A. Nagy M.C. Simon E. Maltepe Placental cell fates are regulated in vivo by HIF-mediated hypoxia responses Genes Dev 14 2000 3191 3203
2. D.M. Adelman E. Maltepe M.C. Simon Multilineage embryonic hematopoiesis requires hypoxic ARNT activity Genes Dev 13 1999 2478 2483
3. N. Akakura Significance of constitutive expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) protein in pancreatic cancer Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 76 2001 375 384
4. N. Akakura M. Kobayashi I. Horiuchi A. Suzuki J. Wang J. Chen H. Niizeki K. Kawamura M. Hosokawa M. Asaka Constitutive expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha renders pancreatic cancer cells resistant to apoptosis induced by hypoxia and nutrient deprivation Cancer Res 61 2001 6548 6554
5. Z. Arany L.E. Huang R. Eckner S. Bhattacharya C. Jiang M.A. Goldberg H.F. Bunn D.M. Livingston An essential role for p300⧸CBP in the cellular response to hypoxia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 1996 12969 12973
6. P. Birner M. Schindl A. Obermair C. Plank G. Breitenecker G. Oberhuber Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha is a marker for an unfavorable prognosis in early-stage invasive cervical cancer Cancer Res 60 2000 4693 4696
7. R. Bos H. Zhong C.F. Hanrahan E.C. Mommers G.L. Semenza H.M. Pinedo M.D. Abeloff J.W. Simons P.J. van Diest E. van der Wall Levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha during breast carcinogenesis J. Natl. Cancer Inst 93 2001 309 314
8. N. Bruchovsky R. Snoek P.S. Rennie K. Akakura L.S. Goldenberg M. Gleave Control of tumor progression by maintenance of apoptosis Prostate Suppl 6 1996 13 21
9. R.K. Bruick S.L. McKnight A conserved family of prolyl-4-hydroxylases that modify HIF Science 294 2001 1337 1340
10. P. Carmeliet Y. Dor J.M. Herbert D. Fukumura K. Brusselmans M. Dewerchin M. Neeman F. Bono R. Abramovitch P. Maxwell C.J. Koch D. Ratcliffe L. Moons R.K. Jain D. Collen E. Keshert Role of HIF-1alpha in hypoxia-mediated apoptosis, cell proliferation and tumour angiogenesis Nature 394 1998 485 490
11. P. Carmeliet V. Ferreira G. Breir S. Pollefeyt L. Kieckens M. Gertenstein M. Fahrig A. Vandenhoeck K. Harpal C. Eberhard J. Pawling L. Moons D. Collen W. Riscu A. Nagy Abnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele Nature 380 1996 435 439
12. P. Carmeliet R.K. Jain Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases Nature 407 2000 249 257
13. P. Carrero K. Okamoto P. Coumailleau S. O'Brien H. Tanaka L. Poellinger Redox-regulated recruitment of the transcriptional coactivators CREB-binding protein and SRC-1 to hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha Mol. Cell. Biol 20 2000 402 415
14. N.S. Chandel E. Maltepe E. Goldwasser C.E. Mathieu M.C. Simon P.T. Schumacker Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species trigger hypoxia-induced transcription Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 1998 11715 11720
15. 2 sensing J. Biol. Chem 275 2000 25130 25138
16. S.Y. Cheng H.J. Huang M. Nagane X.D. Ji D. Wang C.C. Shih W. Arap C.M. Huang W.K. Cavenee Suppression of glioblastoma angiogenicity and tumorigenicity by inhibition of endogenous expression of vascular endothelial growth factor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 1996 8502 8507
17. M.E. Cockman N. Masson D.R. Mole P. Jaakkola G.W. Chang S.C. Clifford E.R. Maher C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe P.H. Maxwell Hypoxia inducible factor-alpha binding and ubiquitylation by the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor protein J. Biol. Chem 275 2000 25733 25741
18. V. Compernolle K. Brusselmans T. Acker P. Hoet M. Tjwa H. Beck S. Plaisance Y. Dor E. Keshet F. Lupu B. Nemery M. Dewerchin P. Van Velderhoven K. Plate L. Moons D. Collen P. Carmeliet Loss of HIF-2alpha and inhibition of VEGF impair fetal lung maturation, whereas treatment with VEGF prevents fatal respiratory distress in premature mice Nat. Med 8 2002 702 710
19. K.D. Cowden M.C. Simon The bHLH⧸PAS factor MOP3 does not participate in hypoxia responses Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 290 2002 1228 1236
20. T. Cramer Y. Yamanishi B.E. Clausen I. Forster R. Pawlinski N. Mackman V.H. Haase R. Jaenisch M. Corr V. Nizet G.S. Fireslein H.P. Gerber N. Ferrar R.S. Johnson HIF-1alpha is essential for myeloid cell-mediated inflammation Cell 112 2003 645 657
21. B.L. Ebert H.F. Bunn Regulation of transcription by hypoxia requires a multiprotein complex that includes hypoxia-inducible factor 1, an adjacent transcription factor, and p300⧸CREB binding protein Mol. Cell. Biol 18 1998 4089 4096
22. B.L. Ebert J.D. Firth P.J. Ratcliffe Hypoxia and mitochondrial inhibitors regulate expression of glucose transporter-1 via distinct Cis-acting sequences J. Biol. Chem 270 1995 29083 29089
23. M. Ema S. Taya N. Yokotani K. Sogawa Y. Matsuda Y. Fujii-Kuriyama A novel bHLH-PAS factor with close sequence similarity to hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha regulates the VEGF expression and is potentially involved in lung and vascular development Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 4273 4278
24. A.C. Epstein J.M. Gleadle L.A. McNeill K.S. Hewitson J. O'Rourke D.R. Mole M. Mukherji E. Metzen M.I. Wilson A. Dhanda Y.M. Tian N. Masson D.L. Hamilton P. Jaakkola R. Barstead J. Hodgkin P.H. Maxwell C.W. Pugh C.J. Schofield P.J. Ratcliffe C. elegans EGL-9 and mammalian homologs define a family of dioxygenases that regulate HIF by prolyl hydroxylation Cell 107 2001 43 54
25. J. Favier H. Kempf P. Corvol J.M. Gasc Coexpression of endothelial PAS protein 1 with essential angiogenic factors suggests its involvement in human vascular development Dev. Dyn 222 2001 377 388
26. N. Ferrara K. Carver-Moore H. Chen M. Dowd L. Lu K.S. O'Shea L. Powell-Braxton K.J. Hillan M.W. Moore Heterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene Nature 380 1996 439 442
27. N. Ferrara T. Davis-Smyth The biology of vascular endothelial growth factor Endocr. Rev 18 1997 4 25
28. J.D. Firth B.L. Ebert C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe Oxygen-regulated control elements in the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 and lactate dehydrogenase A genes: Similarities with the erythropoietin 3′ enhancer Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 1994 6496 6500
29. J.D. Firth B.L. Ebert P.J. Ratcliffe Hypoxic regulation of lactate dehydrogenase A J. Biol. Chem 270 1995 21021 21027
30. I. Flamme T. Frohlich M. von Reutern A. Kappel A. Damert W. Risau HRF, a putative basic helix-loop-helix-PAS-domain transcription factor is closely related to hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and developmentally expressed in blood vessels Mech. Dev 63 1997 51 60
31. J. Folkman Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease Nat. Med 1 1995 27 31
32. G.H. Fong J. Klingensmith C.R. Wood J. Rossant M.L. Breitman Regulation of flt-1 expression during mouse embryogenesis suggests a role in the establishment of vascular endothelium Dev. Dyn 207 1996 1 10
33. G.H. Fong J. Rossant M. Gertsenstein M.L. Breitman Role of the Flt-1 receptor tyrosine kinase in regulating the assembly of vascular endothelium Nature 376 1995 66 70
34. G.H. Fong L. Zhang D.M. Bryce J. Peng Increased hemangioblast commitment, not vascular disorganization, is the primary defect in flt-1 knock-out mice Development 126 1999 3015 3025
35. J.A. Forsythe B.H. Jiang N.V. Iyer F. Agani S.W. Leung R.D. Koos G.L. Semenza Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 Mol. Cell. Biol 16 1996 4604 4613
36. H.P. Gerber F. Condorelli J. Park N. Ferrara Differential transcriptional regulation of the two vascular endothelial growth factor receptor genes. Flt-1, but not Flk-1⧸KDR, is up-regulated by hypoxia J. Biol. Chem 272 1997 23659 23667
37. A. Giatromanolaki M.I. Koukourakis E. Sivridis H. Turley K. Talks F. Pezzella K.C. Gatter A.L. Harris Relation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha and 2 alpha in operable non-small cell lung cancer to angiogenic⧸molecular profile of tumours and survival Br. J. Cancer 85 2001 881 890
38. J.R. Gnarra J.M. Ward F.D. Porter J.R. Wagner D.E. Devor A. Grinberg M.R. Emmert-Buck H. Westphal R.D. Klausner W.M. Linehan Defective placental vasculogenesis causes embryonic lethality in VHL-deficient mice Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 9102 9107
39. J.R. Griffiths P.M. McSheehy S.P. Robinson H. Troy Y.L. Chung R.D. Leek K.J. Williams I.J. Stratford A.L. Harris M. Stubbs Metabolic changes detected by in vivo magnetic resonance studies of HEPA-1 wild-type tumors and tumors deficient in hypoxia-inducible factor-1beta (HIF-1beta): Evidence of an anabolic role for the HIF-1 pathway Cancer Res 62 2002 688 695
40. Y.Z. Gu S.M. Moran J.B. Hogenesch L. Wartman C.A. Bradfield Molecular characterization and chromosomal localization of a third alpha-class hypoxia inducible factor subunit, HIF3alpha Gene Expr 7 1998 205 213
41. O. Iliopoulos A. Kibel S. Gray W.G. Kaelin Jr. Tumour suppression by the human von Hippel–Lindau gene product Nat. Med 1 1995 822 826
42. M. Ivan K. Kondo H. Yang W. Kim J. Valiando M. Ohh A. Salic J.M. Asara W.S. Lane W.G. Kaelin Jr. HIFalpha targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation: Implications for O2 sensing Science 292 2001 464 468
43. 2 homeostasis by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha Genes Dev 12 1998 149 162
44. 2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation Science 292 2001 468 472
45. B.-H. Jiang E. Rue G.L. Wang R. Roe G.L. Semenza Dimerization, DNA binding, and transactivation properties of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 J. Biol. Chem 271 1996 17771 17778
46. B.H. Jiang J.Z. Zheng S.W. Leung R. Roe G.L. Semenza Transactivation and inhibitory domains of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha. Modulation of transcriptional activity by oxygen tension J. Biol. Chem 272 1997 19253 19260
47. P.J. Kallio W.J. Wilson S. O'Brien Y. Makino L. Poellinger Regulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1alpha by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway J. Biol. Chem 274 1999 6519 6525
48. M. Kamada K. Suzuki Y. Kato H. Okuda T. Shuin Von Hippel–Lindau protein promotes the assembly of actin and vinculin and inhibits cell motility Cancer Res 61 2001 4184 4189
49. S. Khatua K.M. Peterson K.M. Brown C. Lawlor M.R. Santi B. LaFleur D. Dressman D.A. Stephan T.J. MacDonald Overexpression of the EGFR⧸FKBP12⧸HIF-2alpha pathway identified in childhood astrocytomas by angiogenesis gene profiling Cancer Res 63 2003 1865 1870
50. M.W. Kieran A.C. Perkins S.H. Orkin L.I. Zon Thrombopoietin rescues in vitro erythroid colony formation from mouse embryos lacking the erythropoietin receptor Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 1996 9126 9131
51. M. Kim Y. Katayose Q. Li A.N. Rakkar Z. Li S.G. Hwang D. Katayose J. Trepel K.H. Cowan P. Seth Recombinant adenovirus expressing Von Hippel–Lindau-mediated cell cycle arrest is associated with the induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 253 1998 672 677
52. K. Kondo W.G. Kaelin Jr. The von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor gene Exp. Cell Res 264 2001 117 125
53. K. Kondo J. Klco E. Nakamura M. Lechpammer W.G. Kaelin Jr. Inhibition of HIF is necessary for tumor suppression by the von Hippel–Lindau protein Cancer Cell 1 2002 237 246
54. Y. Kondo S. Arii M. Furutani S. Isigami A. Mori H. Onodera T. Chiba M. Imamura Implication of vascular endothelial growth factor and p53 status for angiogenesis in noninvasive colorectal carcinoma Cancer 88 2000 1820 1827
55. Y. Kondo S. Arii A. Mori M. Furutani T. Chiba M. Imamura Enhancement of angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis by transfection of vascular endothelial growth factor into LoVo human colon cancer cell line Clin. Cancer Res 6 2000 622 630
56. K.R. Kozak B. Abbott O. Hankinson ARNT-deficient mice and placental differentiation Dev. Biol 191 1997 297 305
57. A.L. Kung S. Wang J.M. Klco W.G. Kaelin D.M. Livingston Suppression of tumor growth through disruption of hypoxia-inducible transcription Nat. Med 6 2000 1335 1340
58. D. Lando D.J. Peet J.J. Gorman D.A. Whelan M.L. Whitelaw R.K. Bruick FIH-1 is an asparaginyl hydroxylase enzyme that regulates the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor Genes Dev 16 2002 1466 1471
59. D. Lando D.J. Peet D.A. Whelan J.J. Gorman M.L. Whitelaw Asparagine hydroxylation of the HIF transactivation domain a hypoxic switch Science 295 2002 858 861
60. A.P. Levy N.S. Levy S. Wegner M.A. Goldberg Transcriptional regulation of the rat vascular endothelial growth factor gene by hypoxia J. Biol. Chem 270 1995 13333 13340
61. C.S. Lin S.K. Lim V. D'Agati F. Costantini Differential effects of an erythropoietin receptor gene disruption on primitive and definitive erythropoiesis Genes. Dev 10 1996 154 164
62. Y. Liu S.R. Cox T. Morita S. Kourembanas Hypoxia regulates vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression in endothelial cells. Identification of a 5′ enhancer Circ. Res 77 1995 638 643
63. C.N. Lok P. Ponka Identification of a hypoxia response element in the transferrin receptor gene J. Biol. Chem 274 1999 24147 24152
64. P.C. Mahon K. Hirota G.L. Semenza FIH-1: A novel protein that interacts with HIF-1alpha and VHL to mediate repression of HIF-1 transcriptional activity Genes Dev 15 2001 2675 2686
65. Y. Makino R. Cao K. Svensson G. Bertilsson M. Asman H. Tanaka Y. Cao A. Berkenstam L. Poellinger Inhibitory PAS domain protein is a negative regulator of hypoxia-inducible gene expression Nature 414 2001 550 554
66. Y. Makino A. Kanopka W.J. Wilson H. Tanaka L. Poellinger Inhibitory PAS domain protein (IPAS) is a hypoxia-inducible splicing variant of the hypoxia-inducible factor-3alpha locus J. Biol. Chem 277 2002 32405 32408
67. E. Maltepe J.V. Schmidt D. Baunoch C.A. Bradfield M.C. Simon Abnormal angiogenesis and responses to glucose and oxygen deprivation in mice lacking the protein ARNT Nature 386 1997 403 407
68. E. Maltepe M.C. Simon Oxygen, genes, and development: An analysis of the role of hypoxic gene regulation during murine vascular development J. Mol. Med 76 1998 391 401
69. J.K. Maranchie J.R. Vasselli J. Riss J.S. Bonifacino W.M. Linehan R.D. Klausner The contribution of VHL substrate binding and HIF1-alpha to the phenotype of VHL loss in renal cell carcinoma Cancer Cell 1 2002 247 255
70. N. Masson C. Willam P.H. Maxwell C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe Independent function of two destruction domains in hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha chains activated by prolyl hydroxylation EMBO J 20 2001 5197 5206
71. P.H. Maxwell G.U. Dachs J.M. Gleadle L.G. Nicholls A.L. Harris I.J. Stratford O. Hankinson C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 modulates gene expression in solid tumors and influences both angiogenesis and tumor growth Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 8104 8109
72. P.H. Maxwell M.S. Wiesener G.W. Chang S.C. Clifford E.C. Vaux M.E. Cockman C.C. Wykoff C.W. Pugh E.R. Maher P.J. Ratcliffe The tumour suppressor protein VHL targets hypoxia-inducible factors for oxygen-dependent proteolysis Nature 399 1999 271 275
73. G. Melillo T. Musso A. Sica L.S. Taylor G.W. Cox L. Varesio A hypoxia-responsive element mediates a novel pathway of activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter J. Exp. Med 182 1995 1683 1693
74. A. Mori S. Arii M. Furutani K. Hanaki Y. Takeda T. Moriga Y. Kondo M.J. Gorrin Rivas M. Imamura Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced tumor angiogenesis and tumorigenicity in relation to metastasis in a HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cell model Int. J. Cancer 80 1999 738 743
75. M. Ohh C.W. Park M. Ivan M.A. Hoffman T.Y. Kim L.E. Huang N. Pavletich V. Chau W.G. Kaelin Ubiquitination of hypoxia-inducible factor requires direct binding to the beta-domain of the von Hippel–Lindau protein Nat. Cell. Biol 2 2000 423 427
76. M. Ohh R.L. Yauch K.M. Lonergan J.M. Whaley A.O. Stemmer-Rachamimov D.N. Louis B.J. Gavin N. Kley W.G. Kaelin Jr. O. Iliopoulos The von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor protein is required for proper assembly of an extracellular fibronectin matrix Mol. Cell 1 1998 959 968
77. S.T. Okino C.H. Chichester J.P. Whitlock Jr. Hypoxia-inducible mammalian gene expression analyzed in vivo at a TATA-driven promoter and at an initiator-driven promoter J. Biol. Chem 273 1998 23837 23843
78. L.A. Palmer G.L. Semenza M.H. Stoler R.A. Johns Hypoxia induces type II NOS gene expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells via HIF-1 Am. J. Physiol 274 1998 L212 L219
79. A. Pause S. Lee K.M. Lonergan R.D. Klausner The von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor gene is required for cell cycle exit upon serum withdrawal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 1998 993 998
80. J. Peng L. Zhang L. Drysdale G.H. Fong The transcription factor EPAS-1⧸hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha plays an important role in vascular remodeling Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 8386 8391
81. C.W. Pugh J.F. O'Rourke M. Nagao J.M. Gleadle P.J. Ratcliffe Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1; definition of regulatory domains within the alpha subunit J. Biol. Chem 272 1997 11205 11214
82. C.W. Pugh C.C. Tan R.W. Jones P.J. Ratcliffe Functional analysis of an oxygen-regulated transcriptional enhancer lying 3′ to the mouse erythropoietin gene Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 1991 10553 10557
83. W. Risau Mechanisms of angiogenesis Nature 386 1997 671 674
84. A. Rolfs I. Kvietikova M. Gassmann R.H. Wenger Oxygen-regulated transferrin expression is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 J. Biol. Chem 272 1997 20055 20062
85. H.E. Ryan J. Lo R.S. Johnson HIF-1 alpha is required for solid tumor formation and embryonic vascularization Embo. J 17 1998 3005 3015
86. H.E. Ryan M. Poloni W. McNulty D. Elson M. Gassmann J.M. Arbeit R.S. Johnson Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha is a positive factor in solid tumor growth Cancer Res 60 2000 4010 4015
87. S. Salceda J. Caro Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) protein is rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system under normoxic conditions. Its stabilization by hypoxia depends on redox-induced changes J. Biol. Chem 272 1997 22642 22647
88. E. Schipani H.E. Ryan S. Didrickson T. Kobayashi M. Knight R.S. Johnson Hypoxia in cartilage: HIF-1alpha is essential for chondrocyte growth arrest and survival Genes Dev 15 2001 2865 2876
89. M. Scortegagna K. Ding Y. Oktay A. Gaur F. Thurmond L.J. Yan B.T. Marck A.M. Matsumoto J.M. Shelton J.A. Richardson M.J. Bennett J.A. Garcia Multiple organ pathology, metabolic abnormalities and impaired homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in Epas1(−⧸−) mice Nat. Genet 203 2003 331 340
90. M. Scortegagna M.A. Morris Y. Oktay M. Bennett J.A. Garcia The HIF family member EPAS1⧸HIF-2{alpha} is required for normal hematopoiesis in mice Blood 2003
91. T.N. Seagroves H.E. Ryan H. Lu B.G. Wouters M. Knapp P. Thibault K. Laderoute R.S. Johnson Transcription factor HIF-1 is a necessary mediator of the pasteur effect in mammalian cells Mol. Cell Biol 21 2001 3436 3444
92. G.L. Semenza HIF-1 and human disease: One highly involved factor Genes Dev 14 2000 1983 1991
93. G.L. Semenza B.H. Jiang S.W. Leung R. Passantino J.P. Concordet P. Maire A. Giallongo Hypoxia response elements in the aldolase A, enolase 1, and lactate dehydrogenase A gene promoters contain essential binding sites for hypoxia-inducible factor 1 J. Biol. Chem 271 1996 32529 32537
94. G.L. Semenza M.K. Nejfelt S.M. Chi S.E. Antonarakis Hypoxia-inducible nuclear factors bind to an enhancer element located 3′ to the human erythropoietin gene Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88 1991 5680 5684
95. G.L. Semenza P.H. Roth H.-M. Fang G.L. Wang Transcriptional regulation of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 J. Biol. Chem 269 1994 23757 23769
96. F. Shalaby J. Ho W.L. Stanford K.D. Fischer A.C. Schuh L. Schwartz A. Bernstein J. Rossant A requirement for Flk1 in primitive and definitive hematopoiesis and vasculogenesis Cell 89 1997 981 990
97. F. Shalaby J. Rossant T.P. Yamaguchi M. Gertsenstein X.F. Wu M.L. Breitman A. Schuh Failure of blood-island formation and vasculogenesis in Flk -1 deficient mice Nature 376 1995 62 66
98. L. Tacchini L. Bianchi A. Bernelli-Zazzera G. Cairo Transferrin receptor induction by hypoxia. HIF-1-mediated transcriptional activation and cell-specific post-transcriptional regulation J. Biol. Chem 274 1999 24142 24146
99. K.L. Talks H. Turley K.C. Gatter P.H. Maxwell C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe A.L. Harris The expression and distribution of the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha in normal human tissues, cancers, and tumor-associated macrophages Am. J. Pathol 157 2000 411 421
100. K. Tanimoto Y. Makino T. Pereira L. Poellinger Mechanism of regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha by the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor protein Embo. J 19 2000 4298 4309
101. H. Tian R.E. Hammer A.M. Matsumoto D.W. Russell S.L. McKnight The hypoxia-responsive transcription factor EPAS1 is essential for catecholamine homeostasis and protection against heart failure during embryonic development Genes Dev 12 1998 3320 3324
102. H. Tian S.L. McKnight D.W. Russell Endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1), a transcription factor selectively expressed in endothelial cells Genes Dev 11 1997 72 82
103. K.J. Turner J.W. Moore A. Jones C.F. Taylor D. Cuthbert-Heavens C. Han R.D. Leek K.C. Gatter P.H. Maxwell P.J. Ratcliffe D. Cranston A.L. Harris Expression of hypoxia-inducible factors in human renal cancer: Relationship to angiogenesis and to the von Hippel–Lindau gene mutation Cancer Res 62 2002 2957 2961
104. 2 tension Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 1995 5510 5514
105. G.L. Wang G.L. Semenza Characterization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and regulation of DNA binding activity by hypoxia J. Biol. Chem 268 1993 21513 21518
106. R.H. Wenger M. Gassmann Oxygen(es) and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 Biol. Chem 378 1997 609 616
107. M.S. Wiesener J.S. Jurgensen C. Rosenberger C.K. Scholze J.H. Horstrup C. Warnecke S. Mandriota I. Bechmann U.A. Frei C.W. Pugh P.J. Ratcliffe S. Bachmann P.H. Maxwell K.U. Eckardt Widespread hypoxia-inducible expression of HIF-2alpha in distinct cell populations of different organs Faseb. J 17 2003 271 273
108. K.J. Williams B.A. Telfer R.E. Airley H.P. Peters M.R. Sheridan A.J. van der Kogel A.L. Harris I.J. Stratford A protective role for HIF-1 in response to redox manipulation and glucose deprivation: Implications for tumorigenesis Oncogene 21 2002 282 290
109. S.M. Wood J.M. Gleadle C.W. Pugh O. Hankinson P.J. Ratcliffe The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) in hypoxia induction of gene expression J. Biol. Chem 271 1996 15117 15123
110. S.M. Wood M.S. Wiesener K.M. Yeates N. Okada C.W. Pugh P.H. Maxwell P.J. Ratcliffe Selection and analysis of a mutant cell line defective in the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha-subunit (HIF-1alpha). Characterization of hif-1alpha-dependent and -independent hypoxia-inducible gene expression J. Biol. Chem 273 1998 8360 8368
111. H. Wu S.H. Lee J. Gao X. Liu M.L. Iruela-Arispe Inactivation of erythropoietin leads to defects in cardiac morphogenesis Development 126 1999 3597 3605
112. H. Wu X. Liu R. Jaenisch H.F. Lodish Generation of committed erythroid BFU-E and CFU-E progenitors does not require erythropoietin or the erythropoietin receptor Cell 83 1995 59 67
113. A.Y. Yu L.A. Shimoda N.V. Iyer D.L. Huso X. Sun R. McWilliams T. Beaty J.S. Sham C.M. Wiener J.T. Sylvester G.L. Semenza Impaired physiological responses to chronic hypoxia in mice partially deficient for hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha J. Clin. Invest 103 1999 691 696
114. F. Yu S.B. White Q. Zhao F.S. Lee Dynamic, site-specific interaction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha with the von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor protein Cancer Res 61 2001 4136 4142
115. F. Yu S.B. White Q. Zhao F.S. Lee HIF-1alpha binding to VHL is regulated by stimulus-sensitive proline hydroxylation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 2001 9630 9635
116. D. Zagzag H. Zhong J.M. Scalzitti E. Laughner J.W. Simons G.L. Semenza Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in brain tumors: Association with angiogenesis, invasion, and progression Cancer 88 2000 2606 2618
117. H.T. Zhang P. Craft P.A. Scott M. Ziche H.A. Weich A.L. Harris R. Bicknell Enhancement of tumor growth and vascular density by transfection of vascular endothelial cell growth factor into MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells J. Natl. Cancer Inst 87 1995 213 219
118. H. Zhong F. Agani A.A. Baccala E. Laughner N. Rioseco-Camacho W.B. Isaacs J.W. Simons G.L. Semenza Increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha in rat and human prostate cancer Cancer Res 58 1998 5280 5284
119. H. Zhong A.M. De Marzo E. Laughner M. Lim D.A. Hilton D. Zagzag P. Buechler W.B. Isaacs G.L. Semenza J.W. Simons Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in common human cancers and their metastases Cancer Res 59 1999 5830 5835