메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 12, 2003, Pages 1507-1519

Modeling of intestinal drug absorption: Roles of transporters and metabolic enzymes (for the gillette review series)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOCARB; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CYCLOSPORIN; ENALAPRIL; GLYCOPROTEIN P; INTESTINE ENZYME; MIDAZOLAM; MORPHINE; PARACETAMOL; TACROLIMUS;

EID: 0345275778     PISSN: 00909556     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1124/dmd.31.12.1507     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (230)

References (204)
  • 1
    • 0036569569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II trial of combination chemotherapy and surgical resection for the treatment of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma: Continuous infusion doxorubicin, vincristine and etoposide with daily mitotane as a P-glycoprotein antagonist
    • Abraham I, Bakke S, Rutt A, Meadows B, Merino M, Alexander R, Schrump D, Bartlett D, Choyke P, Robey R, et al. (2002) A phase II trial of combination chemotherapy and surgical resection for the treatment of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma: continuous infusion doxorubicin, vincristine and etoposide with daily mitotane as a P-glycoprotein antagonist. Cancer 94:2333-2343.
    • (2002) Cancer , vol.94 , pp. 2333-2343
    • Abraham, I.1    Bakke, S.2    Rutt, A.3    Meadows, B.4    Merino, M.5    Alexander, R.6    Schrump, D.7    Bartlett, D.8    Choyke, P.9    Robey, R.10
  • 2
    • 0033912867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of zonal transport and metabolism on hepatic removal: Enalapril hydrolysis in zonal, isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro and correlation with perfusion data
    • Abu-Zahra TN and Pang KS (2000) Effect of zonal transport and metabolism on hepatic removal: enalapril hydrolysis in zonal, isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro and correlation with perfusion data. Drug Metab Dispos 28:807-813.
    • (2000) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.28 , pp. 807-813
    • Abu-Zahra, T.N.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 3
    • 0035478779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the impact of physiological and biochemical processes on oral drug absorption
    • Agoram B, Woltosz WS, and Bolger MB (2001) Predicting the impact of physiological and biochemical processes on oral drug absorption. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 50:S41-S67.
    • (2001) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.50
    • Agoram, B.1    Woltosz, W.S.2    Bolger, M.B.3
  • 4
    • 0030020934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorption of bile acids in the rabbit. Different transport rates in jejunum and ileum
    • Aldini R, Montagnani M, Roda A, Hrelia S, Biagi PL, and Roda E (1996) Intestinal absorption of bile acids in the rabbit. Different transport rates in jejunum and ileum. Gastroenterology 110:459-468.
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.110 , pp. 459-468
    • Aldini, R.1    Montagnani, M.2    Roda, A.3    Hrelia, S.4    Biagi, P.L.5    Roda, E.6
  • 5
    • 0021881524 scopus 로고
    • Reduced ampicillin bioavailability following oral coadministration with chloroquine
    • Ali HM (1985) Reduced ampicillin bioavailability following oral coadministration with chloroquine. J Antimicrob Chemother 15:781-784.
    • (1985) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.15 , pp. 781-784
    • Ali, H.M.1
  • 6
    • 0033199027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mouse Bcrp1/Mxr/Abcp gene: Amplification and overexpression in cell lines selected for resistance to topotecan, mitoxantrone, or doxorubicin
    • Allen JD, Brinkhuis RF, Wijnholds J, and Schinkel AH (1999) The mouse Bcrp1/Mxr/Abcp gene: amplification and overexpression in cell lines selected for resistance to topotecan, mitoxantrone, or doxorubicin. Cancer Res 59:4237-4241.
    • (1999) Cancer Res , vol.59 , pp. 4237-4241
    • Allen, J.D.1    Brinkhuis, R.F.2    Wijnholds, J.3    Schinkel, A.H.4
  • 8
    • 0019430956 scopus 로고
    • Predicted absorption with simultaneous bulk fluid flow in the intestinal tract
    • Amidon GE, Ho NFH, French AB, and Higuchi WI (1981) Predicted absorption with simultaneous bulk fluid flow in the intestinal tract. J Theor Biol 89:2195-2210.
    • (1981) J Theor Biol , vol.89 , pp. 2195-2210
    • Amidon, G.E.1    Ho, N.F.H.2    French, A.B.3    Higuchi, W.I.4
  • 9
    • 0033840471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting human oral bioavailability of a compound: Development of a novel quantitative structural-bioavailabilty relationship
    • Andrews CW, Bennet L, and Yu LX (2000) Predicting human oral bioavailability of a compound: development of a novel quantitative structural-bioavailabilty relationship. Pharm Res (NY) 17:639-644.
    • (2000) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.17 , pp. 639-644
    • Andrews, C.W.1    Bennet, L.2    Yu, L.X.3
  • 10
    • 0021612575 scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of griseofulvin plain tablets in stomach-emptying controlled rabbits and the correlation with bioavailability in humans
    • Aoyagi N, Ogata H, Kaniwa N, and Ejima A (1984) Bioavailability of griseofulvin plain tablets in stomach-emptying controlled rabbits and the correlation with bioavailability in humans. J Pharmacobiodyn 7:630-640.
    • (1984) J Pharmacobiodyn , vol.7 , pp. 630-640
    • Aoyagi, N.1    Ogata, H.2    Kaniwa, N.3    Ejima, A.4
  • 11
    • 0031977003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug exsorption from blood into the gastrointestinal tract
    • Arimori K and Nakano M (1998) Drug exsorption from blood into the gastrointestinal tract. Pharm Res (NY) 15:371-376.
    • (1998) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.15 , pp. 371-376
    • Arimori, K.1    Nakano, M.2
  • 13
    • 0026672425 scopus 로고
    • Concentration-dependent exsorption of quinidine in the rat intestine
    • Bair CH, Tang MJ, and Huang JD (1991) Concentration-dependent exsorption of quinidine in the rat intestine. J Pharm Pharmacol 44:659-662.
    • (1991) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 659-662
    • Bair, C.H.1    Tang, M.J.2    Huang, J.D.3
  • 14
    • 0014736282 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal drug absorption and metabolism. 1. Comparison of methods and models to study physiological factors of in vitro and in vivo intestinal absorption
    • Barr WH and Riegelman S (1970) Intestinal drug absorption and metabolism. 1. Comparison of methods and models to study physiological factors of in vitro and in vivo intestinal absorption. J Pharm Sci 59:154-163.
    • (1970) J Pharm Sci , vol.59 , pp. 154-163
    • Barr, W.H.1    Riegelman, S.2
  • 16
    • 0035478419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The drug efflux-metabolism alliance: Biochemical aspects
    • Benet LZ and Cummins CL (2001) The drug efflux-metabolism alliance: biochemical aspects. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 50:S3-S11.
    • (2001) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.50
    • Benet, L.Z.1    Cummins, C.L.2
  • 17
    • 0027267598 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a polarized efflux system for peptides in the apical membrane of Caco-2 cells
    • Burton PS, Conradi RA, Hilgers AR, and Ho NF (1993) Evidence for a polarized efflux system for peptides in the apical membrane of Caco-2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 190: 760-766.
    • (1993) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.190 , pp. 760-766
    • Burton, P.S.1    Conradi, R.A.2    Hilgers, A.R.3    Ho, N.F.4
  • 18
    • 0029997940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport and epithelial secretion of the cardiac glycoside, digoxin, by human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells
    • Cavet ME, West M, and Simmons NL (1996) Transport and epithelial secretion of the cardiac glycoside, digoxin, by human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. Br J Pharmacol 118:1389-1396.
    • (1996) Br J Pharmacol , vol.118 , pp. 1389-1396
    • Cavet, M.E.1    West, M.2    Simmons, N.L.3
  • 19
    • 8244231924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of flow on first-pass metabolism of drugs: Single pass studies on 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) conjugation in the serially perfused rat intestine and liver preparations
    • Chen J and Pang KS (1997) Effect of flow on first-pass metabolism of drugs: single pass studies on 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) conjugation in the serially perfused rat intestine and liver preparations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 280:24-31.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.280 , pp. 24-31
    • Chen, J.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 22
    • 0027527517 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food on the relative bioavailability of fadrozole hydrochloride
    • Choi RL, Sun JX, and Kochak GM (1993) The effect of food on the relative bioavailability of fadrozole hydrochloride. Biopharm Drug Dispos 14:779-784.
    • (1993) Biopharm Drug Dispos , vol.14 , pp. 779-784
    • Choi, R.L.1    Sun, J.X.2    Kochak, G.M.3
  • 23
    • 0017347234 scopus 로고
    • The glutathione S-transferases of the small intestine in the rat
    • Clifton G and Kaplowitz N (1977) The glutathione S-transferases of the small intestine in the rat. Cancer Res 37:788-791.
    • (1977) Cancer Res , vol.37 , pp. 788-791
    • Clifton, G.1    Kaplowitz, N.2
  • 24
    • 0032589932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the permeability of H2 receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine by P-glycoprotein in rat intestine and the human colonic cell line Caco-2
    • Collett A, Higgs NB, Sims E, Rowland M, and Warhurst G (1999) Modulation of the permeability of H2 receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine by P-glycoprotein in rat intestine and the human colonic cell line Caco-2. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 288:171-178.
    • (1999) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.288 , pp. 171-178
    • Collett, A.1    Higgs, N.B.2    Sims, E.3    Rowland, M.4    Warhurst, G.5
  • 25
    • 0033984905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new physiologically-based segregated flow model to explain route-dependent intestinal metabolism
    • Cong D, Doherty M, and Pang KS (2000) A new physiologically-based segregated flow model to explain route-dependent intestinal metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 28:224-235.
    • (2000) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.28 , pp. 224-235
    • Cong, D.1    Doherty, M.2    Pang, K.S.3
  • 26
    • 0035201323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absorption of benzoic acid (BA) by segmental regions of the in situ perfused rat small intestine
    • Cong D, Fang AKY, Lee R, and Pang KS (2001) Absorption of benzoic acid (BA) by segmental regions of the in situ perfused rat small intestine. Drug Metab Dispos 29:1539-1547.
    • (2001) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.29 , pp. 1539-1547
    • Cong, D.1    Fang, A.K.Y.2    Lee, R.3    Pang, K.S.4
  • 28
    • 0033730856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of drug transport and metabolism in cell monolayer systems that have been modified by cytochrome P450 3A4 cDNA expression
    • Crespi CL, Fox L, Stocker P, Hu M, and Steimel DT (2000) Analysis of drug transport and metabolism in cell monolayer systems that have been modified by cytochrome P450 3A4 cDNA expression. Ear J Pharm Sci 12:63-68.
    • (2000) Ear J Pharm Sci , vol.12 , pp. 63-68
    • Crespi, C.L.1    Fox, L.2    Stocker, P.3    Hu, M.4    Steimel, D.T.5
  • 29
    • 0030465760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of Caco-2 cells expressing high levels of cDNA-derived cytochrome P450 3A4
    • Crespi CL, Penman BW, and Hu M (1996) Development of Caco-2 cells expressing high levels of cDNA-derived cytochrome P450 3A4. Pharm Res (NY) 13:1635-1641.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 1635-1641
    • Crespi, C.L.1    Penman, B.W.2    Hu, M.3
  • 30
    • 0034807802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
    • Cummins CL, Mangravite LM, and Benet LZ (2001) Characterizing the expression of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters (P-gp, MRP1, MRP2) in CYP3A4-transfected Caco-2 cells after induction with sodium butyrate and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Pharm Res (NY) 18:1102-1109.
    • (2001) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.18 , pp. 1102-1109
    • Cummins, C.L.1    Mangravite, L.M.2    Benet, L.Z.3
  • 31
    • 0032793959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OATP and P-glycoprotein transporters mediate the cellular uptake and excretion of fexofenadine
    • Cvetkovic M, Leake B, Fromm MF, Wilkinson GR, and Kim RB (1999) OATP and P-glycoprotein transporters mediate the cellular uptake and excretion of fexofenadine. Drug Metab Dispos 27:866-871.
    • (1999) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.27 , pp. 866-871
    • Cvetkovic, M.1    Leake, B.2    Fromm, M.F.3    Wilkinson, G.R.4    Kim, R.B.5
  • 32
    • 0031416567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the intestine in the absorption and metabolism of drugs
    • Doherty M and Pang KS (1997) The role of the intestine in the absorption and metabolism of drugs. Drug Chem Toxicol 20:329-344.
    • (1997) Drug Chem Toxicol , vol.20 , pp. 329-344
    • Doherty, M.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 33
    • 0034003625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Route-dependent metabolism of morphine in the vascularly perfused rat small intestine preparation
    • Doherty M and Pang KS (2000) Route-dependent metabolism of morphine in the vascularly perfused rat small intestine preparation. Pharm Res (NY) 17:290-297.
    • (2000) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.17 , pp. 290-297
    • Doherty, M.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 34
    • 0014589701 scopus 로고
    • Drug Absorption. I. An in situ rat gut technique yielding realistic absorption rates
    • Doluisio JT, Billups NF, Dittert LW, Sugita ET, and Swintosky JV (1969) Drug Absorption. I. An in situ rat gut technique yielding realistic absorption rates. J Pharm Sci 58:1196-1200.
    • (1969) J Pharm Sci , vol.58 , pp. 1196-1200
    • Doluisio, J.T.1    Billups, N.F.2    Dittert, L.W.3    Sugita, E.T.4    Swintosky, J.V.5
  • 36
    • 0036159433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit juices inhibit organic union transporting polypeptide-mediated drug uptake to decrease the oral availability of fexofenadine
    • Dresser GK, Bailey DG, Leake BF, Schwarz UI, Dawson PA, Freeman DJ, and Kim RB (2002) Fruit juices inhibit organic union transporting polypeptide-mediated drug uptake to decrease the oral availability of fexofenadine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 71:11-20.
    • (2002) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.71 , pp. 11-20
    • Dresser, G.K.1    Bailey, D.G.2    Leake, B.F.3    Schwarz, U.I.4    Dawson, P.A.5    Freeman, D.J.6    Kim, R.B.7
  • 37
    • 0022070123 scopus 로고
    • Absorption potential estimating the fraction absorbed for orally administered compounds
    • Dressman JB, Amidon GL, and Fleisher D (1985) Absorption potential estimating the fraction absorbed for orally administered compounds. J Pharm Sci 74:588-589.
    • (1985) J Pharm Sci , vol.74 , pp. 588-589
    • Dressman, J.B.1    Amidon, G.L.2    Fleisher, D.3
  • 38
    • 0023833285 scopus 로고
    • Localization and characterization of drug-metabolizing enzymes along the villus-crypt surface of the rat small intestine. I. Monooxygenases
    • Dubey RK and Singh J (1988a) Localization and characterization of drug-metabolizing enzymes along the villus-crypt surface of the rat small intestine. I. Monooxygenases. Biochem Pharmacol 37:169-176.
    • (1988) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 169-176
    • Dubey, R.K.1    Singh, J.2
  • 39
    • 0023858626 scopus 로고
    • Localization and characterization of drug-metabolizing enzymes along the villus-crypt surface of the rat small intestine. II. Conjugases
    • Dubey RK and Singh J (1988b) Localization and characterization of drug-metabolizing enzymes along the villus-crypt surface of the rat small intestine. II. Conjugases. Biochem Pharmacol 37:177-184.
    • (1988) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 177-184
    • Dubey, R.K.1    Singh, J.2
  • 40
    • 0029055363 scopus 로고
    • Disposition of intravenous and oral cyclosporine after administration with grapefruit juice
    • Ducharme MP, Warbasse LH, and Edwards DJ (1995) Disposition of intravenous and oral cyclosporine after administration with grapefruit juice. Clin Pharmacol Ther 57:485-491.
    • (1995) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.57 , pp. 485-491
    • Ducharme, M.P.1    Warbasse, L.H.2    Edwards, D.J.3
  • 41
  • 42
    • 0019124619 scopus 로고
    • A convective mass transfer model for determining intestinal wall permeabilities: Laminal flow in a circular tube
    • Elliott RL, Amidon GL, and Lightfoot EN (1980) A convective mass transfer model for determining intestinal wall permeabilities: laminal flow in a circular tube. J Theor Biol 87:757-771.
    • (1980) J Theor Biol , vol.87 , pp. 757-771
    • Elliott, R.L.1    Amidon, G.L.2    Lightfoot, E.N.3
  • 43
    • 0029855969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison between permeability coefficients in rat and human jejunum
    • Fagerholm U, Johansson M, and Lennernäs H (1996) Comparison between permeability coefficients in rat and human jejunum. Pharm Res (NY) 13:1336-1342.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 1336-1342
    • Fagerholm, U.1    Johansson, M.2    Lennernäs, H.3
  • 45
    • 0016621647 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of disposal of acid and alkali in rabbit duodenum
    • Fiddian-Green RG and Silen W (1975) Mechanisms of disposal of acid and alkali in rabbit duodenum. Am J Physiol 229:1641-1648.
    • (1975) Am J Physiol , vol.229 , pp. 1641-1648
    • Fiddian-Green, R.G.1    Silen, W.2
  • 47
    • 0015128465 scopus 로고
    • The influence of first pass effect on availability of drugs
    • Gibaldi M, Boyes RN, and Feldman S (1971) The influence of first pass effect on availability of drugs. J Pharm Sci 60:1338-1340.
    • (1971) J Pharm Sci , vol.60 , pp. 1338-1340
    • Gibaldi, M.1    Boyes, R.N.2    Feldman, S.3
  • 49
    • 0033958156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of an organic anion transporter (canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter/multidrug resistance-associated protein 2) in gastrointestinal secretion of glutathione conjugates in rats
    • Gotoh Y, Suzuki H, Kinoshita S, Hirohashi T, Kato Y, and Sugiyama Y (2000) Involvement of an organic anion transporter (canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter/multidrug resistance-associated protein 2) in gastrointestinal secretion of glutathione conjugates in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:433-439.
    • (2000) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.292 , pp. 433-439
    • Gotoh, Y.1    Suzuki, H.2    Kinoshita, S.3    Hirohashi, T.4    Kato, Y.5    Sugiyama, Y.6
  • 50
    • 0028143513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Griseofulvin absorption from different sites in the human small intestine
    • Gramatté T (1996) Griseofulvin absorption from different sites in the human small intestine. Biopharm Drug Dispos 15:747-759.
    • (1996) Biopharm Drug Dispos , vol.15 , pp. 747-759
    • Gramatté, T.1
  • 51
    • 0028231334 scopus 로고
    • Site-dependent small intestinal absorption of ranitidine
    • 1994
    • Gramatté T, El Desoky E, and Klotz U (1994) (1994) Site-dependent small intestinal absorption of ranitidine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 46:253-259.
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 253-259
    • Gramatté, T.1    El Desoky, E.2    Klotz, U.3
  • 52
    • 0029999340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct demonstration of small intestinal secretion and site-dependent absorption of the beta-blocker talinolol in humans
    • Gramatté T, Oertel R, Terhaag B, and Kirch W (1996) Direct demonstration of small intestinal secretion and site-dependent absorption of the beta-blocker talinolol in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 59:541-549.
    • (1996) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.59 , pp. 541-549
    • Gramatté, T.1    Oertel, R.2    Terhaag, B.3    Kirch, W.4
  • 53
    • 0028235902 scopus 로고
    • Paracetamol absorption from different sites in the human small intestine
    • Gramatté T and Richter K (1994) Paracetamol absorption from different sites in the human small intestine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 37:608-611.
    • (1994) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 608-611
    • Gramatté, T.1    Richter, K.2
  • 56
    • 0016752599 scopus 로고
    • Effect of portacaval shunt on the disposition of drugs with and without first-pass effect
    • Gugler R, Lain P, and Azarnoff DL (1975) Effect of portacaval shunt on the disposition of drugs with and without first-pass effect. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 195:416-423.
    • (1975) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.195 , pp. 416-423
    • Gugler, R.1    Lain, P.2    Azarnoff, D.L.3
  • 58
    • 0035336558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and prognostic significance of intestinal MDR1 expression in recipients of living-donor liver transplantation
    • Hashida T, Masuda S, Uemoto S, Saito H, Tanaka K, and Inui K (2001) Pharmacokinetic and prognostic significance of intestinal MDR1 expression in recipients of living-donor liver transplantation. Clin Pharmacol Ther 69:308-316.
    • (2001) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.69 , pp. 308-316
    • Hashida, T.1    Masuda, S.2    Uemoto, S.3    Saito, H.4    Tanaka, K.5    Inui, K.6
  • 59
    • 0031718440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intestinal and hepatic metabolism on the bioavailability of tacrolimus in rats
    • Hashimoto Y, Susa H, Shimomura M, and Inui K-I (1998) Effects of intestinal and hepatic metabolism on the bioavailability of tacrolimus in rats. Pharm Res (NY) 15:1609-1613.
    • (1998) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.15 , pp. 1609-1613
    • Hashimoto, Y.1    Susa, H.2    Shimomura, M.3    Inui, K.-I.4
  • 60
    • 0025822090 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the unstirred water layer in Caco-2 cell monolayers using a novel diffusion apparatus
    • Hidalgo IJ, Hillgren KM, Grass GM, and Borchardt RT (1991) Characterization of the unstirred water layer in Caco-2 cell monolayers using a novel diffusion apparatus. Pharm Res (NY) 8:222-227.
    • (1991) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.8 , pp. 222-227
    • Hidalgo, I.J.1    Hillgren, K.M.2    Grass, G.M.3    Borchardt, R.T.4
  • 61
    • 0024593744 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial permeability
    • Hidalgo IJ, Raub TJ, and Borchardt RT (1989) Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial permeability. Gastroenterology 96:736-749.
    • (1989) Gastroenterology , vol.96 , pp. 736-749
    • Hidalgo, I.J.1    Raub, T.J.2    Borchardt, R.T.3
  • 62
    • 84984085038 scopus 로고
    • Diffusional models useful in biopharmaceutics. Drug release rate processes
    • Higuchi WI (1967) Diffusional models useful in biopharmaceutics. Drug release rate processes. J Pharm Sci 56:315-324.
    • (1967) J Pharm Sci , vol.56 , pp. 315-324
    • Higuchi, W.I.1
  • 63
    • 0025086535 scopus 로고
    • Estimations of intestinal and liver extraction in the in vivo rat: Studies on gentisamide conjugation
    • Hirayama H, Morgado J, Gasinska I, and Pang KS (1990) Estimations of intestinal and liver extraction in the in vivo rat: studies on gentisamide conjugation. Drug Metab Dispos 18:580-587.
    • (1990) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.18 , pp. 580-587
    • Hirayama, H.1    Morgado, J.2    Gasinska, I.3    Pang, K.S.4
  • 64
    • 0025086535 scopus 로고
    • First-pass metabolism of gentisamide: Influence of intestinal metabolism on hepatic formation of conjugates. Studies in the once-through vascularly perfused rat intestine-liver preparation
    • Hirayama H and Pang KS (1990) First-pass metabolism of gentisamide: influence of intestinal metabolism on hepatic formation of conjugates. Studies in the once-through vascularly perfused rat intestine-liver preparation. Drug Metab Dispos 18:580-587.
    • (1990) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.18 , pp. 580-587
    • Hirayama, H.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 65
    • 0000697460 scopus 로고
    • Viability of the vascularly perfused, recirculating rat intestine and intestine-liver preparations
    • Hirayama H, Xu X, and Pang KS (1989) Viability of the vascularly perfused, recirculating rat intestine and intestine-liver preparations. Am J Physiol 89:G249-G258.
    • (1989) Am J Physiol , vol.89
    • Hirayama, H.1    Xu, X.2    Pang, K.S.3
  • 66
    • 0002698633 scopus 로고
    • Advancing quantitative and mechanistic approaches in interfacing gastrointestinal drug absorption studies in animal and humans
    • (Crouthamel W and Sarupu A eds), American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, D.C.
    • Ho NFH, Park JY, Ni PF, and Higuchi WI (1983) Advancing quantitative and mechanistic approaches in interfacing gastrointestinal drug absorption studies in animal and humans, in Animal Models for Oral Drug Delivery in Man: In Situ and In Vivo Approaches (Crouthamel W and Sarupu A eds) pp 27-106, American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, D.C.
    • (1983) Animal Models for Oral Drug Delivery in Man: In Situ and In Vivo Approaches , pp. 27-106
    • Ho, N.F.H.1    Park, J.Y.2    Ni, P.F.3    Higuchi, W.I.4
  • 67
    • 0033957756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of P-glycoprotein on the transport and metabolism of indinavir in Caco-2 cells expressing cytochrome P-450 3A4
    • Hochman JH, Chiba M, Nishime J, Yamazaki M, and Lin JH (2000) Influence of P-glycoprotein on the transport and metabolism of indinavir in Caco-2 cells expressing cytochrome P-450 3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:310-318.
    • (2000) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.292 , pp. 310-318
    • Hochman, J.H.1    Chiba, M.2    Nishime, J.3    Yamazaki, M.4    Lin, J.H.5
  • 68
    • 0034978263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P-glycoprotein mediated efflux of indinavir metabolites in Caco-2 cells expressing cytochrome P-450 3A4
    • Hochman JH, Chiba M, Yamazaki M, Tang C, and Lin JH (2001) P-glycoprotein mediated efflux of indinavir metabolites in Caco-2 cells expressing cytochrome P-450 3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 298:323-330.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.298 , pp. 323-330
    • Hochman, J.H.1    Chiba, M.2    Yamazaki, M.3    Tang, C.4    Lin, J.H.5
  • 69
    • 0016745224 scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 and drug metabolism in intestinal villous and crypt cells of rats. Effects of dietary iron
    • Hoensch H, Woo CH, and Schmid R (1975) Cytochrome P450 and drug metabolism in intestinal villous and crypt cells of rats. Effects of dietary iron. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 65:399-406.
    • (1975) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.65 , pp. 399-406
    • Hoensch, H.1    Woo, C.H.2    Schmid, R.3
  • 72
    • 0029609829 scopus 로고
    • The site of absorption in small intestine determines diltiazem bioavailability in rabbit
    • Homsy W, Caille G, and du Souich P (1995) The site of absorption in small intestine determines diltiazem bioavailability in rabbit. Pharm Res (NY) 12:1722-1726.
    • (1995) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.12 , pp. 1722-1726
    • Homsy, W.1    Caille, G.2    Du Souich, P.3
  • 73
    • 0017259007 scopus 로고
    • Jejunal and ileal D-glucose transport in isolated brush border membranes
    • Hopfer U, Sigrist-Nelson K, and Groseclose R (1976) Jejunal and ileal D-glucose transport in isolated brush border membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 426:349-353.
    • (1976) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.426 , pp. 349-353
    • Hopfer, U.1    Sigrist-Nelson, K.2    Groseclose, R.3
  • 74
    • 0029896241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent expression of P-glycoprotein gp170 in Caco-2 cell monolayers
    • Hosoya K-I, Kim K-J, and Lee VHL (1996) Age-dependent expression of P-glycoprotein gp170 in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Pharm Res (NY) 13:885-890.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 885-890
    • Hosoya, K.-I.1    Kim, K.-J.2    Lee, V.H.L.3
  • 75
    • 0026500180 scopus 로고
    • The function of Gp170, the multidrug-resistance gene product, in the brush border of rat intestinal mucosa
    • Hsing S, Gatmaitan Z, and Arias IM (1992) The function of Gp170, the multidrug-resistance gene product, in the brush border of rat intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology 102:879-885.
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.102 , pp. 879-885
    • Hsing, S.1    Gatmaitan, Z.2    Arias, I.M.3
  • 76
    • 0021166264 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of estrone sulfatase activity in the intestine of germfree and conventional rats
    • Huijghebaer SM, Sim SM, Back DJ, and Eyssen HJ (1984) Distribution of estrone sulfatase activity in the intestine of germfree and conventional rats. J Steroid Biochem 20:1175-1179.
    • (1984) J Steroid Biochem , vol.20 , pp. 1175-1179
    • Huijghebaer, S.M.1    Sim, S.M.2    Back, D.J.3    Eyssen, H.J.4
  • 77
    • 0027180795 scopus 로고
    • Drug absorption limited by P-glycoprotein-mediated secretory drug transport in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell layers
    • Hunter J, Hirst BH, and Simmons NL (1993a) Drug absorption limited by P-glycoprotein-mediated secretory drug transport in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell layers. Pharm Res (NY) 10:743-749.
    • (1993) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.10 , pp. 743-749
    • Hunter, J.1    Hirst, B.H.2    Simmons, N.L.3
  • 78
    • 0027181852 scopus 로고
    • Functional expression of P-glycoprotein in apical membranes of human intestinal Caco-2 Cells
    • Hunter J, Jepson MA, Tsumo T, Simmons NL, and Hirst BH (1990) Functional expression of P-glycoprotein in apical membranes of human intestinal Caco-2 Cells. J Biol Chem 268: 14991-14997.
    • (1990) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 14991-14997
    • Hunter, J.1    Jepson, M.A.2    Tsumo, T.3    Simmons, N.L.4    Hirst, B.H.5
  • 79
    • 0027181852 scopus 로고
    • Functional expression of P-glycoprotein in apical membranes of human intestinal Caco-2 Cells
    • Hunter J, Jepson MA, Tsuruo T, Simmons NL, and Hirst BH (1993b) Functional expression of P-glycoprotein in apical membranes of human intestinal Caco-2 Cells. J Biol Chem 268: 14991-14997.
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 14991-14997
    • Hunter, J.1    Jepson, M.A.2    Tsuruo, T.3    Simmons, N.L.4    Hirst, B.H.5
  • 80
    • 0025057187 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics in the gut lumen and wall
    • Ilett KF, Tee LB, Reeves PT, and Minchin RF (1990) Metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics in the gut lumen and wall. Pharmacol Ther 46:67-93.
    • (1990) Pharmacol Ther , vol.46 , pp. 67-93
    • Ilett, K.F.1    Tee, L.B.2    Reeves, P.T.3    Minchin, R.F.4
  • 81
    • 0030928558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between the hepatic intrinsic clearance or cell-plasma partition coefficient in the rabbit and lipophilicity of basic drugs
    • Ishizaki J, Yokogawa K, Nakashima E, and Ichimura F (1997) Relationships between the hepatic intrinsic clearance or cell-plasma partition coefficient in the rabbit and lipophilicity of basic drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 49:768-772.
    • (1997) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 768-772
    • Ishizaki, J.1    Yokogawa, K.2    Nakashima, E.3    Ichimura, F.4
  • 82
    • 0031777718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative prediction of in vivo drug clearance and drug interactions from in vitro data on metabolism, together with binding and transport
    • Ito K, Iwatsubo T, Kanamitsu S, Nakajima Y, and Sugiyama Y (1998) Quantitative prediction of in vivo drug clearance and drug interactions from in vitro data on metabolism, together with binding and transport. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 38:461-499.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.38 , pp. 461-499
    • Ito, K.1    Iwatsubo, T.2    Kanamitsu, S.3    Nakajima, Y.4    Sugiyama, Y.5
  • 83
    • 0033007704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intestinal CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein on oral drug absorption-theoretical approach
    • Ito K, Kusuhara H, and Sugiyama Y (1999) Effects of intestinal CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein on oral drug absorption-theoretical approach. Pharm Res (NY) 16:225-231.
    • (1999) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.16 , pp. 225-231
    • Ito, K.1    Kusuhara, H.2    Sugiyama, Y.3
  • 84
    • 0035675648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of P-glycoprotein efflux on enterocyte residence time and enterocyte-based metabolism of verapamil
    • Johnson BM, Charman WN, and Porter CJH (2001) The impact of P-glycoprotein efflux on enterocyte residence time and enterocyte-based metabolism of verapamil. J Pharm Pharmacol 53:1611-1619.
    • (2001) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.53 , pp. 1611-1619
    • Johnson, B.M.1    Charman, W.N.2    Porter, C.J.H.3
  • 86
    • 0015399257 scopus 로고
    • Use of cannulated everted intestinal sac for serial sampling as a drug absorbability (permeability) screen
    • Kaplan SA and Cotler S (1972) Use of cannulated everted intestinal sac for serial sampling as a drug absorbability (permeability) screen. J Pharm Sci 61:1361-1365.
    • (1972) J Pharm Sci , vol.61 , pp. 1361-1365
    • Kaplan, S.A.1    Cotler, S.2
  • 87
    • 0032518290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors
    • Kim RB, Fromm MF, Wandel C, Leake B, Wood AJJ, Roden DM, and Wilkinson GR (1998) The drug transporter P-glycoprotein limits oral absorption and brain entry of HIV-1 protease inhibitors. J Clin Investig 101:289-294.
    • (1998) J Clin Investig , vol.101 , pp. 289-294
    • Kim, R.B.1    Fromm, M.F.2    Wandel, C.3    Leake, B.4    Wood, A.J.J.5    Roden, D.M.6    Wilkinson, G.R.7
  • 88
    • 0036481691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal transit and drug absorption
    • Kimura T and Higaki K (2002) Gastrointestinal transit and drug absorption. Biol Pharm Bull 25:149-164.
    • (2002) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.25 , pp. 149-164
    • Kimura, T.1    Higaki, K.2
  • 89
    • 0021926518 scopus 로고
    • The area under the curve of metabolites for drugs and metabolites cleared by the liver and extrahepatic organs. Its dependence on the administration route of precursor drug
    • Klippert PJ and Noordhoek J (1985) The area under the curve of metabolites for drugs and metabolites cleared by the liver and extrahepatic organs. Its dependence on the administration route of precursor drug. Drug Metab Dispos 13:97-101.
    • (1985) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.13 , pp. 97-101
    • Klippert, P.J.1    Noordhoek, J.2
  • 90
    • 0036891365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADME evaluation. 2. A computer model for the prediction of intestinal absorption in humans
    • Klopman G, Stefan LR, and Saiakhov RD (2002) ADME evaluation. 2. A computer model for the prediction of intestinal absorption in humans. Eur J Pharm Sci 17:253-263.
    • (2002) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.17 , pp. 253-263
    • Klopman, G.1    Stefan, L.R.2    Saiakhov, R.D.3
  • 91
    • 0031893146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic cation transporters in intestine, kidney, liver and brain
    • Koepsell H (1998) Organic cation transporters in intestine, kidney, liver and brain. Annu Rev Physiol 60:243-266.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.60 , pp. 243-266
    • Koepsell, H.1
  • 92
    • 0026464616 scopus 로고
    • Identification of rifampin-inducible P450IIIA4 (CY3A4) in human small bowel enterocytes
    • Kolars JC, Schmiedlin-Ren P, Schuetz JD, Fang C, and Watkins PB (1992) Identification of rifampin-inducible P450IIIA4 (CY3A4) in human small bowel enterocytes. J Clin Investig 90:1871-1878.
    • (1992) J Clin Investig , vol.90 , pp. 1871-1878
    • Kolars, J.C.1    Schmiedlin-Ren, P.2    Schuetz, J.D.3    Fang, C.4    Watkins, P.B.5
  • 93
    • 0021915994 scopus 로고
    • Glucuronidation of morphine and six β2-sympathomimetics in isolated rat intestinal epithelial cells
    • Koster AS, Frankhaijzen-Sierevogel AC, and Noordhoek J (1985) Glucuronidation of morphine and six β2-sympathomimetics in isolated rat intestinal epithelial cells. Drug Metab Dispos 13:232-237.
    • (1985) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.13 , pp. 232-237
    • Koster, A.S.1    Frankhaijzen-Sierevogel, A.C.2    Noordhoek, J.3
  • 94
    • 0020618691 scopus 로고
    • Glucuronidation in isolated perfused rat intestinal segments after mucosal and serosal administration of 1-naphthol
    • Koster AS and Noordhoek J (1983) Glucuronidation in isolated perfused rat intestinal segments after mucosal and serosal administration of 1-naphthol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 226:533-538.
    • (1983) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.226 , pp. 533-538
    • Koster, A.S.1    Noordhoek, J.2
  • 97
    • 0028091730 scopus 로고
    • Variable gastric emptying and discontinuities in drug absorption profiles: Dependence of rates and extent of cimetidine absorption on motility phase and pH
    • Langguth P, Lee KM, Spahn-Langguth H, and Amidon GL (1994) Variable gastric emptying and discontinuities in drug absorption profiles: dependence of rates and extent of cimetidine absorption on motility phase and pH. Biopharm Drug Dispos 15:719-746.
    • (1994) Biopharm Drug Dispos , vol.15 , pp. 719-746
    • Langguth, P.1    Lee, K.M.2    Spahn-Langguth, H.3    Amidon, G.L.4
  • 98
    • 0018087945 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and glucuronosylation of diethylstilbestrol by the rat small intestine
    • Lasker J and Rickert DE (1978) Absorption and glucuronosylation of diethylstilbestrol by the rat small intestine. Xenobiotica 8:665-672.
    • (1978) Xenobiotica , vol.8 , pp. 665-672
    • Lasker, J.1    Rickert, D.E.2
  • 99
    • 0031925268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human intestinal permeability
    • Lennernäs H (1998) Human intestinal permeability. J Pharm Sci 87:403-410.
    • (1998) J Pharm Sci , vol.87 , pp. 403-410
    • Lennernäs, H.1
  • 100
    • 0027212416 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for an interaction between the beta-blocker pafenolol and bile salts in the intestinal lumen of the rat leading to dose-dependent oral absorption and double peaks in the plasma concentration-time profile
    • Lennernäs H and Regardh CG (1993) Evidence for an interaction between the beta-blocker pafenolol and bile salts in the intestinal lumen of the rat leading to dose-dependent oral absorption and double peaks in the plasma concentration-time profile. Pharm Res (NY) 10:879-883.
    • (1993) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.10 , pp. 879-883
    • Lennernäs, H.1    Regardh, C.G.2
  • 101
    • 0028801904 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein and effects on etoposide absorption
    • Leu B-L and Huang J-D (1995) Inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein and effects on etoposide absorption. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 35:432-436.
    • (1995) Cancer Chemother Pharmacol , vol.35 , pp. 432-436
    • Leu, B.-L.1    Huang, J.-D.2
  • 102
    • 0036225166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal metabolism promotes regional differences in apical uptake of indinavir: Coupled effect of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A on indinavir membrane permeability
    • Li LY, Amidon GL, Kim JS, Heimbach T, Kesisoglou F, Topliss JT, and Fleisher D (2002) Intestinal metabolism promotes regional differences in apical uptake of indinavir: coupled effect of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A on indinavir membrane permeability. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 301:586-593.
    • (2002) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.301 , pp. 586-593
    • Li, L.Y.1    Amidon, G.L.2    Kim, J.S.3    Heimbach, T.4    Kesisoglou, F.5    Topliss, J.T.6    Fleisher, D.7
  • 103
    • 0033009998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the role of the small intestine in first-pass metabolism overemphasized?
    • Lin JH, Chiba M, and Baillie TA (1999) Is the role of the small intestine in first-pass metabolism overemphasized? Pharmacol Rev 51:135-158.
    • (1999) Pharmacol Rev , vol.51 , pp. 135-158
    • Lin, J.H.1    Chiba, M.2    Baillie, T.A.3
  • 104
    • 0031024171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and developmental settings
    • Lipinski CA, Lombardo F, Dominy BW, and Feeney PJ (1997) Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and developmental settings. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 46:3-25.
    • (1997) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.46 , pp. 3-25
    • Lipinski, C.A.1    Lombardo, F.2    Dominy, B.W.3    Feeney, P.J.4
  • 105
    • 0029583114 scopus 로고
    • Celiprolol double-peak occurrence and gastric motility: Nonlinear mixed effects modeling of bioavailability data obtained in dogs
    • Lipka E, Lee ID, Langguth P, Spahn-Langguth H, Mutschler E, and Amidon GL (1995) Celiprolol double-peak occurrence and gastric motility: nonlinear mixed effects modeling of bioavailability data obtained in dogs. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 23:267-286.
    • (1995) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.23 , pp. 267-286
    • Lipka, E.1    Lee, I.D.2    Langguth, P.3    Spahn-Langguth, H.4    Mutschler, E.5    Amidon, G.L.6
  • 106
    • 0020080726 scopus 로고
    • Lack of gastrointestinal metabolism of propranolol in dogs after portacaval transposition
    • Lo MW, Effeney DJ, Pond SM, Silber BM, and Riegelman S (1982) Lack of gastrointestinal metabolism of propranolol in dogs after portacaval transposition. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 221:512-515.
    • (1982) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.221 , pp. 512-515
    • Lo, M.W.1    Effeney, D.J.2    Pond, S.M.3    Silber, B.M.4    Riegelman, S.5
  • 108
    • 0028113492 scopus 로고
    • Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel. Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test
    • Lown KS, Kolars JC, Thummel KE, Barnett JL, Kune KL, Wrighton SA, and Watkins PB (1994) Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel. Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test. Drug Metab Dispos 22:947-955.
    • (1994) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.22 , pp. 947-955
    • Lown, K.S.1    Kolars, J.C.2    Thummel, K.E.3    Barnett, J.L.4    Kune, K.L.5    Wrighton, S.A.6    Watkins, P.B.7
  • 110
    • 0017356976 scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucagon on canine intestinal sodium and water fluxes and regional blood flow
    • MacFerran S and Mailman D (1977) Effects of glucagon on canine intestinal sodium and water fluxes and regional blood flow. J Physiol 266:1-12.
    • (1977) J Physiol , vol.266 , pp. 1-12
    • MacFerran, S.1    Mailman, D.2
  • 111
    • 0024578889 scopus 로고
    • Towards a quantitative approach for the prediction of the fraction of dose absorbed using the absorption potential concept
    • Macheras P and Symillides MY (1989) Towards a quantitative approach for the prediction of the fraction of dose absorbed using the absorption potential concept. Biopharm Drug Dispos 10:43-53.
    • (1989) Biopharm Drug Dispos , vol.10 , pp. 43-53
    • Macheras, P.1    Symillides, M.Y.2
  • 113
    • 0017903044 scopus 로고
    • Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on intestinal absorption and blood flow
    • Mailman D (1978) Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on intestinal absorption and blood flow. J Physiol 279:121-132.
    • (1978) J Physiol , vol.279 , pp. 121-132
    • Mailman, D.1
  • 114
    • 0031719032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the regional intestinal kinetics of drug efflux in rat and human intestine and in Caco-2 cells
    • Makhey VD, Guo A, Norris DA, Hu P, Yan J, and Sinko PJ (1998) Characterization of the regional intestinal kinetics of drug efflux in rat and human intestine and in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res (NY) 15:1160-1167.
    • (1998) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.15 , pp. 1160-1167
    • Makhey, V.D.1    Guo, A.2    Norris, D.A.3    Hu, P.4    Yan, J.5    Sinko, P.J.6
  • 115
    • 0036000312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanistic approach to understanding the factors affecting drug absorption: A review of fundamentals
    • Martinez MN and Amidon GL (2002) A mechanistic approach to understanding the factors affecting drug absorption: a review of fundamentals. J Clin Pharmacol 42:620-643.
    • (2002) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 620-643
    • Martinez, M.N.1    Amidon, G.L.2
  • 116
    • 0017123575 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal villous blood flow measured with carbon monoxide and microspheres
    • Micflikier AB, Bond JH, Sircar B, and Levitt MD (1976) Intestinal villous blood flow measured with carbon monoxide and microspheres. Am J Physiol 230:916-919.
    • (1976) Am J Physiol , vol.230 , pp. 916-919
    • Micflikier, A.B.1    Bond, J.H.2    Sircar, B.3    Levitt, M.D.4
  • 117
    • 0022397308 scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of extrahepatic metabolism. Pulmonary and intestinal conjugation of naphthol
    • Mistry M and Houston JB (1985) Quantitation of extrahepatic metabolism. Pulmonary and intestinal conjugation of naphthol. Drug Metab Dispos 13:740-745.
    • (1985) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.13 , pp. 740-745
    • Mistry, M.1    Houston, J.B.2
  • 118
    • 0023488459 scopus 로고
    • Glucuronidation in vitro and in vivo. Comparison of intestinal and hepatic conjugation of morphine, naloxone and buprenorphine
    • Mistry M and Houston JB (1987) Glucuronidation in vitro and in vivo. Comparison of intestinal and hepatic conjugation of morphine, naloxone and buprenorphine. Drug Metab Dispos 15:710-717.
    • (1987) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.15 , pp. 710-717
    • Mistry, M.1    Houston, J.B.2
  • 120
    • 0034119967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and localization of multidrug resistant protein mrp2 in rat small intestine
    • Mottino AD, Hoffman T, Jennes L, and Vote M (2000) Expression and localization of multidrug resistant protein mrp2 in rat small intestine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 293:717-723.
    • (2000) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.293 , pp. 717-723
    • Mottino, A.D.1    Hoffman, T.2    Jennes, L.3    Vote, M.4
  • 121
    • 0013854749 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid transport by the small intestine of the rat. The effect of amino acid pre-loading on the trans-intestinal amino acid transport by the everted sac preparation
    • Munck BG (1965) Amino acid transport by the small intestine of the rat. The effect of amino acid pre-loading on the trans-intestinal amino acid transport by the everted sac preparation. Biochim Biophys Acta 109:142-150.
    • (1965) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.109 , pp. 142-150
    • Munck, B.G.1
  • 122
    • 0033795967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Region-dependent disappearance of vinblastine in the rat small intestine and characterization of its P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux system
    • Nakayama A, Saitoh H, Oda M, Takada M, and Aungst BJ (2000) Region-dependent disappearance of vinblastine in the rat small intestine and characterization of its P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux system. Ear J Pharm Sci 11:317-324.
    • (2000) Ear J Pharm Sci , vol.11 , pp. 317-324
    • Nakayama, A.1    Saitoh, H.2    Oda, M.3    Takada, M.4    Aungst, B.J.5
  • 123
    • 0035001331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogenic and longitudinal activity of Na+-nucleoside transporters in the human intestine
    • Ngo LY, Patil SD, and Unadkat JD (2001) Ontogenic and longitudinal activity of Na+-nucleoside transporters in the human intestine. Am J Physiol 280:G475-G481.
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.280
    • Ngo, L.Y.1    Patil, S.D.2    Unadkat, J.D.3
  • 124
    • 0032979004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical calculation and prediction of intestinal absorption of drugs in humans using MolSurf parameterization and PLS statistics
    • Norinder U, Osterberg T, and Artursson P (1999) Theoretical calculation and prediction of intestinal absorption of drugs in humans using MolSurf parameterization and PLS statistics. Eur J Pharm Sci 8:49-56.
    • (1999) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.8 , pp. 49-56
    • Norinder, U.1    Osterberg, T.2    Artursson, P.3
  • 125
    • 0023425558 scopus 로고
    • The influence of variable gastric emptying and intestinal transit rates on the plasma level curve of cimetidine; an explanation for the double peak phenomenon
    • Oberle RL and Amidon GL (1987) The influence of variable gastric emptying and intestinal transit rates on the plasma level curve of cimetidine; an explanation for the double peak phenomenon. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 15:529-544.
    • (1987) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.15 , pp. 529-544
    • Oberle, R.L.1    Amidon, G.L.2
  • 129
    • 0022263297 scopus 로고
    • Disposition of enalapril in the perfused rat intestine-liver preparation: Absorption, metabolism and First pass effect
    • Pang KS, Cherry WF, and Ulm EH (1985) Disposition of enalapril in the perfused rat intestine-liver preparation: absorption, metabolism and first pass effect. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 233: 788-795.
    • (1985) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.233 , pp. 788-795
    • Pang, K.S.1    Cherry, W.F.2    Ulm, E.H.3
  • 130
    • 0003140994 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism: Scaling up from in vitro to organ and whole body
    • (Welling PG and Balant LP eds). Springer-Verlag, Stuttgart
    • Pang KS and Chiba M (1994) Metabolism: scaling up from in vitro to organ and whole body, in Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology (Welling PG and Balant LP eds) pp 101-187, Springer-Verlag, Stuttgart.
    • (1994) Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology , pp. 101-187
    • Pang, K.S.1    Chiba, M.2
  • 131
    • 0022596263 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and metabolism of acetaminophen by the in situ perfused rat small intestine preparation
    • Pang KS, Fayz S, Yuen V, te Koppele JM, and Mulder GJ (1986) Absorption and metabolism of acetaminophen by the in situ perfused rat small intestine preparation. Drug Metab Dispos 14:102-113.
    • (1986) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.14 , pp. 102-113
    • Pang, K.S.1    Fayz, S.2    Yuen, V.3    Te Koppele, J.M.4    Mulder, G.J.5
  • 134
    • 0017673657 scopus 로고
    • The glutathione S-transferases as a possible detoxification system of rat intestinal epithelium
    • Pinkus LM, Ketley JN, and Jakoby WB (1977) The glutathione S-transferases as a possible detoxification system of rat intestinal epithelium. Biochem Pharmacol 26:2359-2363.
    • (1977) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 2359-2363
    • Pinkus, L.M.1    Ketley, J.N.2    Jakoby, W.B.3
  • 135
    • 0023598709 scopus 로고
    • A double peak phenomenon in the pharmacokinetics of veralipride after oral administration: A double-site model for drug absorption
    • Plusquellec Y, Campistron G, Staveris S, Barre J, Jung L, Tillement JP, and Houin G (1987) A double peak phenomenon in the pharmacokinetics of veralipride after oral administration: a double-site model for drug absorption. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 15:225-239.
    • (1987) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.15 , pp. 225-239
    • Plusquellec, Y.1    Campistron, G.2    Staveris, S.3    Barre, J.4    Jung, L.5    Tillement, J.P.6    Houin, G.7
  • 136
    • 0031718918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of regional differences in intestinal fluid movement in the rat using a modified in situ single pass perfusion model
    • Raoof AA, Butler J, and Devane JG (1998) Assessment of regional differences in intestinal fluid movement in the rat using a modified in situ single pass perfusion model. Pharm Res (NY) 15:1314-1316.
    • (1998) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.15 , pp. 1314-1316
    • Raoof, A.A.1    Butler, J.2    Devane, J.G.3
  • 137
    • 0023195116 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal metabolism of ethinylestradiol and paracetamol in vitro: Studies using Ussing chambers
    • Rogers SM, Back DJ, and Orme ML (1987) Intestinal metabolism of ethinylestradiol and paracetamol in vitro: studies using Ussing chambers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 23:727-734.
    • (1987) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.23 , pp. 727-734
    • Rogers, S.M.1    Back, D.J.2    Orme, M.L.3
  • 138
    • 0036080426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and localization of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 in rat small and large intestine
    • Rost D, Mahner S, Sugiyama Y, and Stremmel W (2002) Expression and localization of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 in rat small and large intestine. Am J Physiol 282:G720-G726.
    • (2002) Am J Physiol , vol.282
    • Rost, D.1    Mahner, S.2    Sugiyama, Y.3    Stremmel, W.4
  • 139
    • 0015264301 scopus 로고
    • The influence of route of administration on drug availability
    • Rowland M (1972) The influence of route of administration on drug availability. J Pharm Sci 101:70-74.
    • (1972) J Pharm Sci , vol.101 , pp. 70-74
    • Rowland, M.1
  • 140
    • 0029584879 scopus 로고
    • Biology of membrane transport proteins
    • Sadee W, Drubbisch V, and Amidon GL (1995) Biology of membrane transport proteins. Pharm Res (NY) 12:1823-1837.
    • (1995) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.12 , pp. 1823-1837
    • Sadee, W.1    Drubbisch, V.2    Amidon, G.L.3
  • 141
    • 0028840847 scopus 로고
    • Possible involvement of multiple P-glycoprotein mediated efflux systems in the transport of verapamil and other organic cations across rat intestine
    • Saitoh H and Aungst BJ (1995) Possible involvement of multiple P-glycoprotein mediated efflux systems in the transport of verapamil and other organic cations across rat intestine. Pharm Res (NY) 12:1304-1310.
    • (1995) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.12 , pp. 1304-1310
    • Saitoh, H.1    Aungst, B.J.2
  • 142
    • 0030433190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The secretory intestinal transport of some beta-lactam antibiotics and anionic compounds: A mechanism contributing to poor oral absorption
    • Saitoh H, Gerard C, and Aungst BJ (1996) The secretory intestinal transport of some beta-lactam antibiotics and anionic compounds: a mechanism contributing to poor oral absorption. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 278:205-211.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.278 , pp. 205-211
    • Saitoh, H.1    Gerard, C.2    Aungst, B.J.3
  • 143
    • 0031870979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The absence of stereoselective P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of R/S-verapamil across the rat jejunum
    • Sandström R, Karlsson A, and Lennernäs H (1998) The absence of stereoselective P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of R/S-verapamil across the rat jejunum. J Pharm Pharmacol 50:729-735.
    • (1998) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 729-735
    • Sandström, R.1    Karlsson, A.2    Lennernäs, H.3
  • 147
    • 0028800562 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and molecular characterization of the ontogeny of a rat ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
    • Schneider BL, Dawson PA, Christie DM, Hardikar W, Wong MH, and Suchy FJ (1995) Cloning and molecular characterization of the ontogeny of a rat ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. J Clin Investig 95:745-754.
    • (1995) J Clin Investig , vol.95 , pp. 745-754
    • Schneider, B.L.1    Dawson, P.A.2    Christie, D.M.3    Hardikar, W.4    Wong, M.H.5    Suchy, F.J.6
  • 148
    • 0032601755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug disposition as determined by the interplay between drug-transporting and drug-metabolizing systems
    • Schuetz EG and Schinkel AH (1999) Drug disposition as determined by the interplay between drug-transporting and drug-metabolizing systems. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 13:219-222.
    • (1999) J Biochem Mol Toxicol , vol.13 , pp. 219-222
    • Schuetz, E.G.1    Schinkel, A.H.2
  • 149
    • 0021739989 scopus 로고
    • Sulfation in isolated enterocytes of guinea pig: Dependence of inorganic sulfate
    • Schwarz LR and Schwenk M (1984) Sulfation in isolated enterocytes of guinea pig: dependence of inorganic sulfate. Biochem Pharmacol 33:3353-3356.
    • (1984) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.33 , pp. 3353-3356
    • Schwarz, L.R.1    Schwenk, M.2
  • 150
    • 0036175452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatp1 (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport
    • Shitara Y, Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Kato Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Itoh T, and Sugiyama Y (2002) Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatp1 (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport. Pharm Res (NY) 19:147-153.
    • (2002) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.19 , pp. 147-153
    • Shitara, Y.1    Sugiyama, D.2    Kusuhara, H.3    Kato, Y.4    Abe, T.5    Meier, P.J.6    Itoh, T.7    Sugiyama, Y.8
  • 151
    • 0022472957 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorption of oestrone, oestrone glucuronide and oestrone sulphate in the rat in situ. II. Studies with the Doluisio technique
    • Sim SM and Back DJ (1986) Intestinal absorption of oestrone, oestrone glucuronide and oestrone sulphate in the rat in situ. II. Studies with the Doluisio technique. J Steroid Biochem 24:1085-1089.
    • (1986) J Steroid Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 1085-1089
    • Sim, S.M.1    Back, D.J.2
  • 152
    • 0031430085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organ clearance concepts: New perspectives on old principles
    • Sirianni GL and Pang KS (1997) Organ clearance concepts: new perspectives on old principles. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 25:457-478.
    • (1997) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.25 , pp. 457-478
    • Sirianni, G.L.1    Pang, K.S.2
  • 153
    • 0031921312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of the murine mdr1a P-glycoprotein to hepatobiliary and intestinal elimination of cationic drugs as measured in mice with an mdr1a gene disruption
    • Smit JW, Schinkel AH, Müller M, Weert B, and Meijer DK (1998a) Contribution of the murine mdr1a P-glycoprotein to hepatobiliary and intestinal elimination of cationic drugs as measured in mice with an mdr1a gene disruption. Hepatology 27:1056-1063.
    • (1998) Hepatology , vol.27 , pp. 1056-1063
    • Smit, J.W.1    Schinkel, A.H.2    Müller, M.3    Weert, B.4    Meijer, D.K.5
  • 154
    • 0031869860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterologous expression of various P-glycoproteins in polarized epithelial cells induces directional transport of small (type 1) and bulk (type 2) cationic drugs
    • Smit JW, Weert B, Schinkel AH, and Meijer DK (1998b) Heterologous expression of various P-glycoproteins in polarized epithelial cells induces directional transport of small (type 1) and bulk (type 2) cationic drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 286:321-327.
    • (1998) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.286 , pp. 321-327
    • Smit, J.W.1    Weert, B.2    Schinkel, A.H.3    Meijer, D.K.4
  • 156
    • 0028350163 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorption of (-)carbovir in the rat
    • Soria I and Zimmerman CL (1994) Intestinal absorption of (-)carbovir in the rat. Pharm Res (NY) 11:261-271.
    • (1994) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.11 , pp. 261-271
    • Soria, I.1    Zimmerman, C.L.2
  • 158
    • 0028883988 scopus 로고
    • Regional gastrointestinal absorption of ranitidine in the rat
    • Suttle AB and Brouwer KLR (1995) Regional gastrointestinal absorption of ranitidine in the rat. Pharm Res (NY) 12:1311-1315.
    • (1995) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.12 , pp. 1311-1315
    • Suttle, A.B.1    Brouwer, K.L.R.2
  • 159
    • 0026501545 scopus 로고
    • Use of a pharmacokinetic model incorporating discontinuous gastrointestinal absorption to examine the occurrence of double peaks in oral concentration-time profiles
    • Suttle AB, Pollack GM, and Brouwer KL (1992) Use of a pharmacokinetic model incorporating discontinuous gastrointestinal absorption to examine the occurrence of double peaks in oral concentration-time profiles. Pharm Res (NY) 9:350-356.
    • (1992) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.9 , pp. 350-356
    • Suttle, A.B.1    Pollack, G.M.2    Brouwer, K.L.3
  • 160
    • 0014785244 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical model studies of drug absorption and transport in the gastrointestinal tract. I
    • Suzuki A, Higuchi WI, and Ho NF (1970a) Theoretical model studies of drug absorption and transport in the gastrointestinal tract. I. J Pharm Sci 59:644-651.
    • (1970) J Pharm Sci , vol.59 , pp. 644-651
    • Suzuki, A.1    Higuchi, W.I.2    Ho, N.F.3
  • 161
    • 0014791567 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical model studies of drug absorption and transport in the gastrointestinal tract. II
    • Suzuki A, Higuchi WI, and Ho NF (1970b) Theoretical model studies of drug absorption and transport in the gastrointestinal tract. II. J Pharm Sci 59:651-659.
    • (1970) J Pharm Sci , vol.59 , pp. 651-659
    • Suzuki, A.1    Higuchi, W.I.2    Ho, N.F.3
  • 162
    • 0033739725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of metabolic enzymes and efflux transporters in the absorption of drugs from the small intestine
    • Suzuki H and Sugiyama Y (2000) Role of metabolic enzymes and efflux transporters in the absorption of drugs from the small intestine. Eur J Pharm Sci 12:3-12.
    • (2000) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.12 , pp. 3-12
    • Suzuki, H.1    Sugiyama, Y.2
  • 163
    • 0015871949 scopus 로고
    • Mucosal blood circulation and its influence on passive absorption of the small intestine
    • Svanvik J (1973) Mucosal blood circulation and its influence on passive absorption of the small intestine. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl 385:1-44.
    • (1973) Acta Physiol Scand Suppl , vol.385 , pp. 1-44
    • Svanvik, J.1
  • 165
    • 0141569640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of P-glycoprotein, transfer clearances, and drug binding on intestinal metabolism in Caco-2 cell monolayers or membrane preparations: A theoretical analysis
    • Tam D, Sun H, and Pang KS (2003a) Influence of P-glycoprotein, transfer clearances, and drug binding on intestinal metabolism in Caco-2 cell monolayers or membrane preparations: a theoretical analysis. Drug Metab Dispos 31:1214-1226.
    • (2003) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.31 , pp. 1214-1226
    • Tam, D.1    Sun, H.2    Pang, K.S.3
  • 166
    • 0037378726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmental intestinal transporters and metabolic enzymes on intestinal drug absorption
    • Tam D, Tirona RG, and Pang KS (2003b) Segmental intestinal transporters and metabolic enzymes on intestinal drug absorption, Drug Metab Dispos 31:373-383.
    • (2003) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.31 , pp. 373-383
    • Tam, D.1    Tirona, R.G.2    Pang, K.S.3
  • 167
    • 0030772347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear intestinal absorption of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist caused by absorptive and secretory transporters
    • Tamai I, Saheki A, Saitoh R, Sai Y, Yamada I, and Tsuji A (1997) Nonlinear intestinal absorption of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist caused by absorptive and secretory transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 283:108-115.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.283 , pp. 108-115
    • Tamai, I.1    Saheki, A.2    Saitoh, R.3    Sai, Y.4    Yamada, I.5    Tsuji, A.6
  • 168
    • 0032735306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1
    • Tamai I, Sai Y, Ono A, Kido Y, Yabuuchi H, Takanaga H, Satoh E, Ogihara T, Amano O, Izeki S, and Tsuji A (1999) Immunohistochemical and functional characterization of pH-dependent intestinal absorption of weak organic acids by the monocarboxylic acid transporter MCT1. J Pharm Pharmacol 51:1113-1121.
    • (1999) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.51 , pp. 1113-1121
    • Tamai, I.1    Sai, Y.2    Ono, A.3    Kido, Y.4    Yabuuchi, H.5    Takanaga, H.6    Satoh, E.7    Ogihara, T.8    Amano, O.9    Izeki, S.10    Tsuji, A.11
  • 169
    • 0029739719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cyclosporin analogues and FK506 on transcellular transport of daunorubicin and vinblastine via P-glycoprotein
    • Tanaka K, Hirai M, Tanigawara Y, Yasuhara M, Hori R, Ueda K, and Inu K-I (1996) Effect of cyclosporin analogues and FK506 on transcellular transport of daunorubicin and vinblastine via P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res (NY) 13:1073-1077.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 1073-1077
    • Tanaka, K.1    Hirai, M.2    Tanigawara, Y.3    Yasuhara, M.4    Hori, R.5    Ueda, K.6    Inu, K.-I.7
  • 170
    • 0029800447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active secretion of drugs from the small intestine epithelium in rats by P-glycoprotein functioning as an absorption barrier
    • Terao T, Hisanaga E, Sai Y, Tamai I, and Tsuji A (1996) Active secretion of drugs from the small intestine epithelium in rats by P-glycoprotein functioning as an absorption barrier. J Pharm Pharmacol 48:1083-1089.
    • (1996) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 1083-1089
    • Terao, T.1    Hisanaga, E.2    Sai, Y.3    Tamai, I.4    Tsuji, A.5
  • 171
    • 0019983095 scopus 로고
    • Absorption of penicillin and paracetamol after small intestinal bypass surgery
    • Terry SI, Gould JC, McManus JP, and Prescott LF (1982) Absorption of penicillin and paracetamol after small intestinal bypass surgery. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 23:245-248.
    • (1982) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.23 , pp. 245-248
    • Terry, S.I.1    Gould, J.C.2    McManus, J.P.3    Prescott, L.F.4
  • 175
    • 0025787503 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of intestinal epithelial cells for the study of differential gene expression along the crypt-villus axis
    • Traber PG, Gumucio DL, and Wang W (1991) Isolation of intestinal epithelial cells for the study of differential gene expression along the crypt-villus axis. Am J Physiol 260:G895-G903.
    • (1991) Am J Physiol , vol.260
    • Traber, P.G.1    Gumucio, D.L.2    Wang, W.3
  • 176
    • 0024499995 scopus 로고
    • Na+ and pH dependent transport of foscarnet via the phosphate carrier system across intestinal brush border vesicles
    • Tsuji A and Tamai I (1989) Na+ and pH dependent transport of foscarnet via the phosphate carrier system across intestinal brush border vesicles. Biochem Pharmacol 38:1019-1022.
    • (1989) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.38 , pp. 1019-1022
    • Tsuji, A.1    Tamai, I.2
  • 177
    • 0029782485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carrier-mediated intestinal transport of drugs
    • Tsuji A and Tamai I (1996) Carrier-mediated intestinal transport of drugs. Pharm Res (NY) 13:963-977.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 963-977
    • Tsuji, A.1    Tamai, I.2
  • 178
    • 0031946994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane transport of drugs in different regions of the intestinal tract of the rat
    • Ungell A-L, Nylander S, Bergstrand S, Sjoberg A, and Lennernäs H (1998) Membrane transport of drugs in different regions of the intestinal tract of the rat. J Pharm Sci 87:360-366.
    • (1998) J Pharm Sci , vol.87 , pp. 360-366
    • Ungell, A.-L.1    Nylander, S.2    Bergstrand, S.3    Sjoberg, A.4    Lennernäs, H.5
  • 179
    • 0022408064 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of man. II. Metoprolol in the jejunum and ileum
    • Vidon N, Evard D, Godbillon J, Rongier M, Duval M, Schoeller JP, Bernier JJ, and Hirz J (1985) Investigation of drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of man. II. Metoprolol in the jejunum and ileum. Br J Clin Pharmacol 19 (Suppl 2):1078-1128.
    • (1985) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 1078-1128
    • Vidon, N.1    Evard, D.2    Godbillon, J.3    Rongier, M.4    Duval, M.5    Schoeller, J.P.6    Bernier, J.J.7    Hirz, J.8
  • 180
    • 0035290059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active secretion and enterocytic drug metabolism barriers to drug absorption
    • Wacher VJ, Salphati L, and Benet LZ (2001) Active secretion and enterocytic drug metabolism barriers to drug absorption. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 46:89-102.
    • (2001) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.46 , pp. 89-102
    • Wacher, V.J.1    Salphati, L.2    Benet, L.Z.3
  • 181
    • 0031765907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A in limiting oral absorption of peptides and peptidomimetics
    • Wacher VJ, Silverman JA, Zhang Y, and Benet LZ (1998) Role of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A in limiting oral absorption of peptides and peptidomimetics. J Pharm Sci 87:1322-1330.
    • (1998) J Pharm Sci , vol.87 , pp. 1322-1330
    • Wacher, V.J.1    Silverman, J.A.2    Zhang, Y.3    Benet, L.Z.4
  • 182
    • 0033638544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expressiontransport properties and chromosomal location of organic anion transporter subtype 3
    • Walters HC, Craddock AL, Fusegawa H, Willingham MC, and Dawson PA (2000) Expressiontransport properties and chromosomal location of organic anion transporter subtype 3. Am J Physiol 279:G1188-G1200.
    • (2000) Am J Physiol , vol.279
    • Walters, H.C.1    Craddock, A.L.2    Fusegawa, H.3    Willingham, M.C.4    Dawson, P.A.5
  • 183
    • 0004580383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-peak phenomenon in the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam after oral administration
    • Wang Y, Roy A, Sun L, and Lau CE (1999) A double-peak phenomenon in the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam after oral administration. Drug Metab Dispos 27:855-889.
    • (1999) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.27 , pp. 855-889
    • Wang, Y.1    Roy, A.2    Sun, L.3    Lau, C.E.4
  • 185
    • 0023588109 scopus 로고
    • Identification of glucocorticoid-inducible cytochrome P-450 in the intestinal mucosa of rats and man
    • Watkins PB, Wrighton SA, Schuetz EG, Molowa DT, and Guzelian PS (1987) Identification of glucocorticoid-inducible cytochrome P-450 in the intestinal mucosa of rats and man. J Clin Investig 80:1029-1036.
    • (1987) J Clin Investig , vol.80 , pp. 1029-1036
    • Watkins, P.B.1    Wrighton, S.A.2    Schuetz, E.G.3    Molowa, D.T.4    Guzelian, P.S.5
  • 186
    • 0022483282 scopus 로고
    • Taurocholate transport by rat intestinal basolateral membrane vesicles. Evidence for the presence of an anion exchange transport system
    • Weinberg SL, Burckhardt G, and Wilson FA (1986) Taurocholate transport by rat intestinal basolateral membrane vesicles. Evidence for the presence of an anion exchange transport system. J Clin Investig 78:44-50.
    • (1986) J Clin Investig , vol.78 , pp. 44-50
    • Weinberg, S.L.1    Burckhardt, G.2    Wilson, F.A.3
  • 187
    • 0008934176 scopus 로고
    • Effects of gastrointestinal disease on drug absorption
    • (Benet LZ, Massoud N, and Gambertoglio JG eds), Raven Press, New York
    • Welling PG (1984) Effects of gastrointestinal disease on drug absorption, in Pharmadynamic Basis for Drug Treatment (Benet LZ, Massoud N, and Gambertoglio JG eds) pp 29-47, Raven Press, New York.
    • (1984) Pharmadynamic Basis for Drug Treatment , pp. 29-47
    • Welling, P.G.1
  • 188
    • 0032969265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-pass disposition of (-)-6-aminocarbovir in rats. I. Prodrug activation may be limited by access to enzyme
    • Wen Y, Remmel RP, and Zimmerman CL (1999) First-pass disposition of (-)-6-aminocarbovir in rats. I. Prodrug activation may be limited by access to enzyme. Drug Metab Dispos 27:113-121.
    • (1999) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.27 , pp. 113-121
    • Wen, Y.1    Remmel, R.P.2    Zimmerman, C.L.3
  • 189
    • 0016828883 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the passive and active transport mechanisms for bile acid uptake into rat isolated intestinal epithelial cells
    • Wilson FA and Treanor LL (1975) Characterization of the passive and active transport mechanisms for bile acid uptake into rat isolated intestinal epithelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 406:280-293.
    • (1975) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.406 , pp. 280-293
    • Wilson, F.A.1    Treanor, L.L.2
  • 190
    • 0017347189 scopus 로고
    • Vascular perfusion of rat small intestine: Metabolic studies with isolated and in situ preparations
    • Windmueller HG and Spaeth AE (1977) Vascular perfusion of rat small intestine: metabolic studies with isolated and in situ preparations. Fed Proc 36:177-181.
    • (1977) Fed Proc , vol.36 , pp. 177-181
    • Windmueller, H.G.1    Spaeth, A.E.2
  • 191
    • 0019759675 scopus 로고
    • Vascular autoperfusion of rat small intestine in situ
    • Windmueller HG and Spaeth AE (1981) Vascular autoperfusion of rat small intestine in situ. Methods Enzymol 77:120-129.
    • (1981) Methods Enzymol , vol.77 , pp. 120-129
    • Windmueller, H.G.1    Spaeth, A.E.2
  • 192
    • 0032480901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of human jejunal permeability (in vivo) of drugs with experimentally and theoretically derived parameters. A multivariate data analysis approach
    • Winiwarter S, Bonham NM, Ax F, Hallberg A, Lennernäs H, and Karlén A (1998) Correlation of human jejunal permeability (in vivo) of drugs with experimentally and theoretically derived parameters. A multivariate data analysis approach. J Med Chem 41:4939-4949.
    • (1998) J Med Chem , vol.41 , pp. 4939-4949
    • Winiwarter, S.1    Bonham, N.M.2    Ax, F.3    Hallberg, A.4    Lennernäs, H.5    Karlén, A.6
  • 193
    • 0017454732 scopus 로고
    • Shift of pH-absorptin curves
    • Winne D (1977) Shift of pH-absorptin curves. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 5:53-94.
    • (1977) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.5 , pp. 53-94
    • Winne, D.1
  • 194
    • 8044251517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applications and simulations of a discontinuous oral absorption pharmacokinetic model
    • Witcher JW and Boudinot FD (1996) Applications and simulations of a discontinuous oral absorption pharmacokinetic model. Pharm Res (NY) 13:1720-1724.
    • (1996) Pharm Res (NY) , vol.13 , pp. 1720-1724
    • Witcher, J.W.1    Boudinot, F.D.2
  • 195
    • 0028039878 scopus 로고
    • Expression cloning and characterization of the hamster ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
    • Wong MH, Oelkers P, Craddock AL, and Dawson PA (1994) Expression cloning and characterization of the hamster ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. J Biol Chem 269:1340-1347.
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 1340-1347
    • Wong, M.H.1    Oelkers, P.2    Craddock, A.L.3    Dawson, P.A.4
  • 196
    • 0024317867 scopus 로고
    • First pass metabolism of salicylamide Studies in the once through vascularly perfused rat intestine-liver preparation
    • Xu X, Hirayama H, and Pang KS (1989) First pass metabolism of salicylamide Studies in the once through vascularly perfused rat intestine-liver preparation. Drug Metab Dispos 17:556-563.
    • (1989) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.17 , pp. 556-563
    • Xu, X.1    Hirayama, H.2    Pang, K.S.3
  • 197
    • 0037275847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified two-portion absorption model to describe double-peak absorption profiles of ranitidine
    • Yin OQ, Tomlinson B, Chow AH, and Chow MS (2003) A modified two-portion absorption model to describe double-peak absorption profiles of ranitidine. Clin Pharmacokinet 42:179-192.
    • (2003) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.42 , pp. 179-192
    • Yin, O.Q.1    Tomlinson, B.2    Chow, A.H.3    Chow, M.S.4
  • 198
    • 0031982148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saturable small intestinal drug absorption in humans: Modeling and interpretation of ceftrizine data
    • Yu LX and Amidon GL (1998) Saturable small intestinal drug absorption in humans: modeling and interpretation of ceftrizine data. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 45:199-203.
    • (1998) Eur J Pharm Biopharm , vol.45 , pp. 199-203
    • Yu, L.X.1    Amidon, G.L.2
  • 199
    • 0032888376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A compartmental absorption and transit time model for estimating oral drug absorption
    • Yu LX and Amidon GL (1999) A compartmental absorption and transit time model for estimating oral drug absorption. Int J Pharm 186:119-125.
    • (1999) Int J Pharm , vol.186 , pp. 119-125
    • Yu, L.X.1    Amidon, G.L.2
  • 200
    • 0030580951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport approaches to the biopharmaceutical design of oral drug delivery systems: Prediction of intestinal absorption
    • Yu LX, Lipka E, Crison JR, and Amidon GL (1996) Transport approaches to the biopharmaceutical design of oral drug delivery systems: prediction of intestinal absorption. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 19:359-376.
    • (1996) Adv Drug Delivery Rev , vol.19 , pp. 359-376
    • Yu, L.X.1    Lipka, E.2    Crison, J.R.3    Amidon, G.L.4
  • 201
    • 0037246432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural allelic variants of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and their relationship to BCRP expression in human intestine
    • Zamber CP, Lamba JK, Yasuda K, Farnum J, Thummel K, Schuetz JD, and Schuetz EG (2003) Natural allelic variants of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and their relationship to BCRP expression in human intestine. Pharmacogenetics 13:19-28.
    • (2003) Pharmacogenetics , vol.13 , pp. 19-28
    • Zamber, C.P.1    Lamba, J.K.2    Yasuda, K.3    Farnum, J.4    Thummel, K.5    Schuetz, J.D.6    Schuetz, E.G.7
  • 202
    • 0031800792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of organic cation transporters in drug absorption and elimination
    • Zhang L, Brett CM, and Giacomini KM (1998) Role of organic cation transporters in drug absorption and elimination. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 38:431-460.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.38 , pp. 431-460
    • Zhang, L.1    Brett, C.M.2    Giacomini, K.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.