Synaptic plasticity, neural circuits and the emerging role of altered short-term information processing in schizophrenia

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience

Volumn 6, Issue OCT, 2014, Pages

  Crabtree, Gregg ^a   Gogos, Joseph A ^a  

^a Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCINEURIN; DISRUPTED IN SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 PROTEIN; DYSBINDIN; FRAGILE X MENTAL RETARDATION PROTEIN; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; METHYL CPG BINDING PROTEIN 2; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; PARVALBUMIN; RGS4 PROTEIN;

ACTION POTENTIAL; ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; AKT1 GENE; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMNESIA; ANXIETY DISORDER; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; AUTISM; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CHROMOSOME DELETION 22Q11; CHROMOSOME TRANSLOCATION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONNECTOME; DGCR8 GENE; DISRUPTED IN SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 GENE; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; ENDOPHENOTYPE; EVOKED AUDITORY RESPONSE; EVOKED SOMATOSENSORY RESPONSE; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FRAGILE X SYNDROME; GENE; GENE DELETION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE MUTATION; GENE PRODUCT; GENETIC HETEROGENEITY; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GLIA CELL; GRANULE CELL; HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONAL CULTURE; HIPPOCAMPUS; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INTERNEURON; LONG TERM DEPRESSION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MISMATCH NEGATIVITY; MOSSY FIBER; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NERVE CELL EXCITABILITY; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; NONHUMAN; NRG1 GENE; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; POST TETANIC POTENTIATION; PRESYNAPTIC NERVE; PRODH GENE; PYRAMIDAL NERVE CELL; RETT SYNDROME; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SENSORY CORTEX; SHORT TERM INFORMATION PROCESSING; SYNAPSE; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION; SYNAPTOSOME; UPREGULATION; WORKING MEMORY;

EID: 84916884392     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16633563     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2014.00028     Document Type: Review

References (437)

1. Abbott LF, Nelson SB. (2000) Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast. Nat Neurosci. 3, 1178-83.
2. Abbott LF, Varela JA, Sen K, Nelson SB. (1997) Synaptic depression and cortical gain control. Science. 275, 220-4.
3. Abbott, L.F. and Regehr, W.G. (2004) Synaptic computation. Nature 431, 796-803.
4. Abraham WC, Goddard GV. (1983). Asymmetric relationships between homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression. Nature. 305, 717-9.
5. Abrahams BS, Geschwind DH. (2008). Advances in autism genetics: on the threshold of a new neurobiology. Nat Rev Genet. 9, 341-55.
6. Achard S, Salvador R, Whitcher B, Suckling J, Bullmore E. (2006). A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs. J Neurosci. 26, 63-72.
7. Ahmari SE, Spellman T, Douglass NL, Kheirbek MA, Simpson HB, Deisseroth K, Gordon JA, Hen R. (2013). Repeated cortico-striatal stimulation generates persistent OCD-like behavior. Science. 340, 1234-9.
8. Ahmed MS, Siegelbaum SA. (2009). Recruitment of N-Type Ca2+ channels during LTP enhances low release efficacy of hippocampal CA1 perforant path synapses. Neuron 63, 372-385.
9. Aizenman CD, Manis PB, Linden DJ. (1998). Polarity of long-term synaptic gain change is related to postsynaptic spike firing at a cerebellar inhibitory synapse. Neuron. 21, 827-35.
10. Akil H, Brenner S, Kandel E, Kendler KS, King MC, Scolnick E, Watson JD, Zoghbi HY. (2010) Medicine. The future of psychiatric research: genomes and neural circuits. Science 327, 1580-1581.
11. American Psychiatric Association. (2013) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition, APA, Washington D.C.
12. Arenz A, Silver RA, Schaefer AT, Margrie TW. (2008). The contribution of single synapses to sensory representation in vivo. Science. 321, 977-80.
13. Arguello PA, Gogos JA. (2010). Cognition in mouse models of schizophrenia susceptibility genes. Schizophr Bull. 36, 289-300.
14. Arguello PA, Gogos JA. (2012). Genetic and cognitive windows into circuit mechanisms of psychiatric disease. Trends Neurosci. 35, 3-13.
15. Arguello PA, Markx S, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2010). Development of animal models for schizophrenia. Dis Model Mech. 3, 22-6.
16. Asaka, Y., Jugloff, D. G., Zhang, L., Eubanks, J. H., and Fitzsimonds, R.M. (2006). Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is impaired in the Mecp2null mouse model of Rett syndrome. Neurobiol. Dis. 21, 217-227.
17. Austin CP, Ky B, Ma L, Morris JA, Shughrue PJ (2004) Expression of Disrupted-In- Schizophrenia-1, a schizophrenia-associated gene, is prominent in the mouse hippocampus throughout brain development. Neuroscience 124, 3-10.
18. Baddeley A. (2012). Working memory: theories, models, and controversies. Annu Rev Psychol. 63, 1-29.
19. Baldessarini, RJ; Tarazi, FI; Pharmacotherapy of psychosis and mania; The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11e; McGraw-Hill, New York, (2006).
20. Balu DT, Carlson GC, Talbot K, Kazi H, Hill-Smith TE, Easton RM, Birnbaum MJ, Lucki I. (2012) Akt1 deficiency in schizophrenia and impairment of hippocampal plasticity and function. Hippocampus. 22, 230-40.
21. Barch DM. (2009). Neuropsychological abnormalities in schizophrenia and major mood disorders: similarities and differences. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 11, 313-9.
22. Barria, A., Muller, D., Derkach, V., Griffith, L. C. & Soderling, T. R. (1997). Regulatory phosphorylation of AMPA-type glutamate receptors by CaM-KII during long-term potentiation. Science 276, 2042-2045.
23. Bartos M, Vida I, Jonas P. (2007) Synaptic mechanisms of synchronized gamma oscillations in inhibitory interneuron networks. Nat Rev Neurosci. 8, 45-56.
24. Bearden, C.E. et al. (2001) The neurocognitive phenotype of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: selective deficit in visual-spatial memory. J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. 23, 447-464.
25. Beattie EC, Carroll RC, Yu X, Morishita W, Yasuda H, von Zastrow M, Malenka RC. (2000). Regulation of AMPA receptor endocytosis by a signaling mechanism shared with LTD. Nat Neurosci. 3, 1291-300.
26. Belforte JE, Zsiros V, Sklar ER, Jiang Z, Yu G, Li Y, Quinlan EM, Nakazawa K. (2010). Postnatal NMDA receptor ablation in corticolimbic interneurons confers schizophrenia-like phenotypes. Nat Neurosci. 13, 76-83.
27. Belmeguenai A, Hosy E, Bengtsson F, Pedroarena CM, Piochon C, Teuling E, He Q, Ohtsuki G, De Jeu MT, Elgersma Y, De Zeeuw CI, Jörntell H, Hansel C. (2010). Intrinsic plasticity complements long-term potentiation in parallel fiber input gain control in cerebellar Purkinje cells. J Neurosci. 30, 13630-43.
28. Belmonte MK, Allen G, Beckel-Mitchener A, Boulanger LM, Carper RA, Webb SJ. (2004). Autism and abnormal development of brain connectivity. J Neurosci. 24, 9228-31.
29. Benes FM. (2000). Emerging principles of altered neural circuitry in schizophrenia. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 31, 251-69.
30. Benes FM. (2007). Searching for unique endophenotypes for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder within neural circuits and their molecular regulatory mechanisms. Schizophr Bull. 33, 932-6.
31. Benson MA, Newey SE, Martin-Rendon E, Hawkes R, Blake DJ. (2001) Dysbindin, a novel coiled-coil-containing protein that interacts with the dystrobrevins in muscle and brain. J Biol Chem. 276, 24232-41.
32. Bertram, I., Bernstein, H.G., Lendeckel, U., Bukowska, A., Dobrowolny, H., Keilhoff, G., Kanakis, D., Mawrin, C., Bielau, H., Falkai, P., and Bogerts, B. (2007). Immunohistochemical evidence for impaired neuregulin-1 signaling in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and in unipolar depression. Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1096, 147-156.
33. Betz WJ. (1970). Depression of transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction of the frog. J Physiol. 206, 629-44.
34. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Keenan K, Steingard R, Tsuang MT. (1991). Familial association between attention deficit disorder and anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1991 Feb;148(2):251-6.
35. Bijlsma, E.K. et al. (2009) Extending the phenotype of recurrent rearrangements of 16p11.2: deletions in mentally retarded patients without autism and in normal individuals. Eur. J. Med. Genet. 52,77-87.
36. Blackwood DH, Fordyce A, Walker MT, St Clair DM, Porteous DJ, Muir WJ. (2001). Schizophrenia and affective disorders--cosegregation with a translocation at chromosome 1q42 that directly disrupts brain-expressed genes: clinical and P300 findings in a family. Am J Hum Genet. 69, 428-33.
37. Blitz DM, Foster KA, Regehr WG. (2004). Short-term synaptic plasticity: a comparison of two synapses. Nat Rev Neurosci. 5, 630-40.
38. Blum, BP; Mann, JJ; The GABAergic system in schizophrenia; Intl. J. Neuropsychopharm. 5, 159-79(2002).
39. Blundell J, Kaeser PS, Südhof TC, Powell CM. (2010). RIM1alpha and interacting proteins involved in presynaptic plasticity mediate prepulse inhibition and additional behaviors linked to schizophrenia. J Neurosci. 30, 5326-33.
40. Bonner-Jackson A, Yodkovik N, Csernansky JG, Barch DM. (2008). Episodic memory in schizophrenia: the influence of strategy use on behavior and brain activation. Psychiatry Res. 2008 Oct 30;164(1):1-15.
41. Booth CA, Brown JT, Randall AD. (2014). Neurophysiological modification of CA1 pyramidal neurons in a transgenic mouse expressing a truncated form of disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1. Eur J Neurosci. 39, 1074-90.
42. Bradshaw NJ, Ogawa F, Antolin-Fontes B, Chubb JE, Carlyle BC, Christie S, Claessens A, Porteous DJ, Millar JK (2008) DISC1, PDE4B, and NDE1 at the centrosome and synapse. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 377, 1091-1096.
43. BraffDL, Light GA. (2004). Preattentional and attentional cognitive deficits as targets for treating schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 174, 75-85.
44. Bramon E, Rabe-Hesketh S, Sham P, Murray RM, Frangou S. (2004). Meta-analysis of the P300 and P50 waveforms in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 70, 315-29.
45. Branco T, Staras K. (2009) The probability of neurotransmitter release: variability and feedback control at single synapses. Nat Rev Neurosci. 10, 373-83.
46. Brandon NJ, Sawa A. (2011). Linking neurodevelopmental and synaptic theories of mental illness through DISC1. Nat Rev Neurosci. 12, 707-22.
47. Brennan AM, Harris AW, Williams LM. (2013). Functional dysconnectivity in schizophrenia and its relationship to neural synchrony. Expert Rev Neurother. 13, 755-65.
48. Brockhaus-Dumke A, Schultze-Lutter F, Mueller R, Tendolkar I, Bechdolf A, Pukrop R, Klosterkoetter J, Ruhrmann S. (2008). Sensory gating in schizophrenia: P50 and N100 gating in antipsychotic-free subjects at risk, first-episode, and chronic patients. Biol Psychiatry. 64, 376-84.
49. Brown AS, McGrath JJ. (2011). The prevention of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 37, 257-61.
50. Bruno RM, Sakmann B. (2007). Cortex is driven by weak but synchronously active thalamocortical synapses. Science. 312, 1622-7.
51. Buchanan RW, Javitt DC, Marder SR, Schooler NR, Gold JM, McMahon RP, Heresco-Levy U, Carpenter WT. (2007). The Cognitive and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia Trial (CONSIST): the efficacy of glutamatergic agents for negative symptoms and cognitive impairments. Am J Psychiatry. 164, 1593-602.
52. Burrone J, Murthy VN. (2003). Synaptic gain control and homeostasis. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 13, 560-7.
53. Burton PR, et al. (2007). Genome-wide association study of 14 000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls. Nature 447, 661-678.
54. Buzsáki G, Draguhn A. (2004). Neuronal oscillations in cortical networks. Science. 304, 1926-9.
55. Carlén M, Meletis K, Siegle JH, Cardin JA, Futai K, Vierling-Claassen D, Rühlmann C, Jones SR, Deisseroth K, Sheng M, Moore CI, Tsai LH. (2012). A critical role for NMDA receptors in parvalbumin interneurons for gamma rhythm induction and behavior. Mol Psychiatry. 17, 537-48.
56. Carter, C.S., Barch DM, Buchanan RW, Bullmore E, Krystal JH, Cohen J, Geyer M, Green M, Nuechterlein KH, Robbins T, Silverstein S, Smith EE, Strauss M, Wykes T, Heinssen R. (2008) Identifying cognitive mechanisms targeted for treatment development in schizophrenia: an overview of the first meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Initiative. Biol. Psychiatry 64, 4-10
57. Castillo PE, Janz R, Südhof TC, Tzounopoulos T, Malenka RC, Nicoll RA 1997 Rab3A is essential for mossy fibre long-term potentiation in the hippocampus Nature. 388 590-3
58. Castillo PE, Schoch S, Schmitz F, Südhof TC, Malenka RC. (2002). RIM1alpha is required for presynaptic long-term potentiation. Nature. 415, 327-30.
59. Castillo PE, Weisskopf MG, Nicoll RA. (1994) The role of Ca2+ channels in hippocampal mossy fiber synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation. Neuron. 12, 261-9.
60. Castillo PE. (2012). Presynaptic LTP and LTD of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 4, a005728.
61. Castro-Alamancos, M. A. & Calcagnotto, M. E. (1999) Presynaptic long-term potentiation in corticothalamic synapses. J. Neurosci. 19, 9090-9097.
62. Chance FS, Nelson SB, Abbott LF. (1998). Synaptic depression and the temporal response characteristics of V1 cells. J Neurosci. 18, 4785-99.
63. Chen J, Lipska BK, Weinberger DR. (2006). Genetic mouse models of schizophrenia: from hypothesis-based to susceptibility gene-based models. Biol Psychiatry. 59, 1180-8.
64. Chow, E.W., Watson, M., Young, D.A. & Bassett, A.S. (2006). Neurocognitive profile in 22q11 deletion syndrome and schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 87, 270-278.
65. Chung S, Li X, Nelson SB. (2002) Short-term depression at thalamocortical synapses contributes to rapid adaptation of cortical sensory responses in vivo. Neuron. 34, 437-46.
66. Citrome L, Goldberg JF, Stahl SM. (2005). Toward convergence in the medication treatment of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 13, 28-42.
67. Clelland CL, Read LL, Baraldi AN, Bart CP, Pappas CA, Panek LJ, Nadrich RH, Clelland JD. (2011). Evidence for association of hyperprolinemia with schizophrenia and a measure of clinical outcome. Schizophr Res. 131, 139-45.
68. Clements BA, Geyer MA, BraffDL. (1998). Poor P50 suppression among schizophrenia patients and their first-degree biological relatives. Am J Psychiatry. 155, 1691-1694.
69. Clifford S, Dissanayake C, Bui QM, Huggins R, Taylor AK, Loesch DZ. (2007). Autism spectrum phenotype in males and females with fragile X full mutation and premutation. J Autism Dev Disord. 37, 738-47.
70. Collingridge GL, Peineau S, Howland JG, Wang YT. (2010). Long-term depression in the CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci. 11, 459-473.
71. Compte A, Brunel N, Goldman-Rakic PS, Wang XJ. (2000). Synaptic mechanisms and network dynamics underlying spatial working memory in a cortical network model. Cereb Cortex. 10, 910-23.
72. Cottrell JR, Levenson JM, Kim SH, Gibson HE, Richardson KA, Sivula M, Li B, Ashford CJ, Heindl KA, Babcock RJ, Rose DM, Hempel CM, Wiig KA, Laeng P, Levin ME, Ryan TA, Gerber DJ. (2013). Working memory impairment in calcineurin knock-out mice is associated with alterations in synaptic vesicle cycling and disruption of high-frequency synaptic and network activity in prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci. 33, 10938-49.
73. Craddock N, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ. (2006). Genes for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder? Implications for psychiatric nosology. Schizophr Bull. 32, 9-16.
74. Craddock, N. & Owen, M. J. (2005). The beginning of the end for the Kraepelinian dichotomy. Br. J. Psychiatry 186, 364-366.
75. Dalmau J, Tüzün E, Wu HY, Masjuan J, Rossi JE, Voloschin A, Baehring JM, Shimazaki H, Koide R, King D, Mason W, Sansing LH, Dichter MA, Rosenfeld MR, Lynch DR. (2007). Paraneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma. Ann Neurol. 61, 25-36.
76. Daskalakis ZJ, Christensen BK, Fitzgerald PB, Chen R. Dysfunctional neural plasticity in patients with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry (2008) 65(4):378-85. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.4.378.
77. De Vries L, Zheng B, Fischer T, Elenko E, Farquhar MG. (2000). The regulator of G protein signaling family. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 40, 235-71.
78. Deng PY, Klyachko VA. (2011). The diverse functions of short-term plasticity components in synaptic computations. Commun Integr Biol. 4, 543-8.
79. Deng PY, Rotman Z, Blundon JA, Cho Y, Cui J, Cavalli V, Zakharenko SS, Klyachko VA. (2013). FMRP regulates neurotransmitter release and synaptic information transmission by modulating action potential duration via BK channels. Neuron. 77, 696-711.
80. Deng PY, Sojka D, Klyachko VA. (2011). Abnormal presynaptic short-term plasticity and information processing in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. J Neurosci. 31,10971-82.
81. Dias EC, Butler PD, Hoptman MJ, Javitt DC. (2011). Early sensory contributions to contextual encoding deficits in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 68, 654-64.
82. Dickman DK, Davis GW. (2009). The schizophrenia susceptibility gene dysbindin controls synaptic homeostasis. Science. 20;326, 1127-30.
83. Ding J, Guzman JN, Tkatch T, Chen S, Goldberg JA, Ebert PJ, Levitt P, Wilson CJ, Hamm HE, Surmeier DJ. (2006). RGS4-dependent attenuation of M4 autoreceptor function in striatal cholinergic interneurons following dopamine depletion. Nat Neurosci. 9, 832-42.
84. Dittman JS, Kreitzer AC, Regehr WG. (2000) Interplay between facilitation, depression, and residual calcium at three presynaptic terminals. J Neurosci. 20, 1374-85.
85. Dobrunz LE, Stevens CF. (1997) Heterogeneity of release probability, facilitation, and depletion at central synapses. Neuron. 18, 995-1008.
86. Dobrunz LE, Stevens CF. (1999) Response of hippocampal synapses to natural stimulation patterns. Neuron. 22, 157-66.
87. Drew LJ, Crabtree GW, Markx S, Stark KL, ChaverneffF, Xu B, Mukai J, Fenelon K, Hsu PK, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2011). The 22q11.2 microdeletion: fifteen years of insights into the genetic and neural complexity of psychiatric disorders. Int J Dev Neurosci. 29, 259-81.
88. Drew LJ, Stark KL, Fénelon K, Karayiorgou M, Macdermott AB, Gogos JA. (2011). Evidence for altered hippocampal function in a mouse model of the human 22q11.2 microdeletion. Mol Cell Neurosci. 47, 293-305.
89. Dudek SM, Bear MF. (1992). Homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of hippocampus and effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 89, 4363-7.
90. Eastwood SL, Burnet PW, Harrison PJ. (2005) Decreased hippocampal expression of the susceptibility gene PPP3CC and other calcineurin subunits in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 57, 702-710.
91. Ecker C, Murphy D. (2014). Neuroimaging in autism--from basic science to translational research. Nat Rev Neurol. 10, 82-91.
92. Ecker D, Unrath A, Kassubek J, Sabolek M. (2009). Dopamine Agonists and their risk to induce psychotic episodes in Parkinson's disease: a case-control study. BMC Neurol. 9, 23.
93. Edin F, Klingberg T, Johansson P, McNab F, Tegnér J, Compte A. (2009) Mechanism for topdown control of working memory capacity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 6802-6807.
94. Ehlers MD. (2000). Reinsertion or degradation of AMPA receptors determined by activitydependent endocytic sorting. Neuron. 28, 511-25.
95. Ehrlichman RS, Luminais SN, White SL, Rudnick ND, Ma N, Dow HC, Kreibich AS, Abel T, Brodkin ES, Hahn CG, Siegel SJ. (2009). Neuregulin 1 transgenic mice display reduced mismatch negativity, contextual fear conditioning and social interactions. Brain Res 2009;1294:116-127.
96. Ehrlichman RS, Maxwell CR, Majumdar S, Siegel SJ. (2008). Deviance-elicited changes in event-related potentials are attenuated by ketamine in mice. J Cogn Neurosci. 20, 1403-14.
97. Emamian ES, Hall D, Birnbaum MJ, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2004) Convergent evidence for impaired AKT1-GSK3beta signaling in schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 36, 131-7
98. Emptage NJ, Reid CA, Fine A, Bliss TV. (2003). Optical quantal analysis reveals a presynaptic component of LTP at hippocampal Schaffer-associational synapses. Neuron 38, 797-804.
99. Esslinger C, Walter H, Kirsch P, Erk S, Schnell K, Arnold C, Haddad L, Mier D, Opitz von Boberfeld C, Raab K, Witt SH, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Meyer-Lindenberg A. (2009). Neural mechanisms of a genome-wide supported psychosis variant. Science. 324, 605.
100. Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S. (2005). Monogenic obesity in humans. Annu Rev Med. 56, 443-58.
101. Fénelon K, Mukai J, Xu B, Hsu PK, Drew LJ, Karayiorgou M, Fischbach GD, Macdermott AB, Gogos JA. (2011). Deficiency of Dgcr8, a gene disrupted by the 22q11.2 microdeletion, results in altered short-term plasticity in the prefrontal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108, 4447-52.
102. Fénelon K, Xu B, Lai CS, Mukai J, Markx S, Stark KL, Hsu PK, Gan WB, Fischbach GD, MacDermott AB, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2013). The pattern of cortical dysfunction in a mouse model of a schizophrenia-related microdeletion. J Neurosci. 37, 14825-39.
103. Filipovic D, Zlatkovic J, Gass P, Inta D. (2013). The differential effects of acute vs. chronic stress and their combination on hippocampal parvalbumin and inducible heat shock protein 70 expression. Neuroscience. 236, 47-54.
104. Fischl MJ, Combs TD, Klug A, Grothe B, Burger RM. (2012). Modulation of synaptic input by GABAB receptors improves coincidence detection for computation of sound location. J Physiol. 590, 3047-66.
105. Fitzgerald PB, Brown TL, Marston NA, Oxley T, De Castella A, Daskalakis ZJ, et al. Reduced plastic brain responses in schizophrenia: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Schizophr Res (2004) 71(1):17-26. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.01.018
106. Forbes, N. F., Carrick, L. A., McIntosh, A. M. & Lawrie, S. M. (2009). Working memory in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Med. 39, 889-905.
107. Ford, J. M., Mathalon, D. H., Whitfield, S., Faustman, W. O. & Roth, W. T. (2002) Reduced communication between frontal and temporal lobes during talking in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 51, 485-492 (2002).
108. Ford, J.M., Roach, B.J., Faustman, W.O., and Mathalon, D.H. (2008). Out-of synch and out-ofsorts: dysfunction of motor-sensory communication in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 63, 736-743.
109. Fortune ES, Rose GJ. (2000). Short-term synaptic plasticity contributes to the temporal filtering of electrosensory information. J Neurosci. 20, 7122-30.
110. Fortune ES, Rose GJ. (2001) Short-term synaptic plasticity as a temporal filter. Trends Neurosci. 24, 381-5.
111. Fourcaudot E, Gambino F, Casassus G, Poulain B, Humeau Y, Luthi A. (2009). L-type voltagedependent Ca2+ channels mediate expression of presynaptic LTP in amygdala. Nat Neurosci 12, 1093-1095.
112. Frankle WG, Lerma J, Laruelle M. (2003). The synaptic hypothesis of schizophrenia. Neuron. 39, 205-16.
113. Frantseva MV, Fitzgerald PB, Chen R, Moller B, Daigle M, Daskalakis ZJ. Evidence for impaired long-term potentiation in schizophrenia and its relationship to motor skill learning. Cereb Cortex (2008) 18(5):990-6. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm151.
114. Freedman R, Adler LE, Myles-Worsley M, Nagamoto HT, Miller C, Kisley M, McRae K, Cawthra E, Waldo M. (1996). Inhibitory gating of an evoked response to repeated auditory stimuli in schizophrenic and normal subjects. Human recordings, computer simulation, and an animal model. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 53, 1114-21.
115. Friedman, J.I. et al. (2008) CNTNAP2 gene dosage variation is associated with schizophrenia and epilepsy. Mol. Psychiatry 13, 261-266.
116. Fromer M et al., (2014). De novo mutations in schizophrenia implicate synaptic networks. Nature. 506, 179-84.
117. Fuhrmann G, Segev I, Markram H, Tsodyks M. (2002) Coding of temporal information by activity-dependent synapses. J Neurophysiol. 87, 140-8.
118. Fujisawa S, Amarasingham A, Harrison MT, Buzsáki G. (2008). Behavior-dependent short-term assembly dynamics in the medial prefrontal cortex. Nat Neurosci. 11, 823-33.
119. Gandal MJ, Anderson RL, Billingslea EN, Carlson GC, Roberts TP, Siegel SJ. (2012). Mice with reduced NMDA receptor expression: more consistent with autism than schizophrenia? Genes Brain Behav. 2012 Aug;11(6):740-50.
120. Garrido MI, Kilner JM, Stephan KE, Friston KJ. (2009). The mismatch negativity: a review of underlying mechanisms. Clin Neurophysiol. 120, 453-63.
121. Gauthier J, Rouleau GA. (2012). De novo mutations in neurological and psychiatric disorders: effects, diagnosis and prevention. Genome Med. 4, 71
122. Gerber, D.J., Hall, D., Miyakawa, T., Demars, S., Gogos, J.A., Karayiorgou, M., and Tonegawa, S. (2003). Evidence for association of schizophrenia with genetic variation in the 8p21.3 gene, PPP3CC, encoding the calcineurin gamma subunit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 8993-8998
123. Geschwind DH, Levitt P. (2007). Autism spectrum disorders: developmental disconnection syndromes. Curr Opin Neurobiol.17, 103-11.
124. Geyer MA. (2006). The family of sensorimotor gating disorders: comorbidities or diagnostic overlaps? Neurotox Res. 10, 211-20.
125. Geyer MA. (2008). Developing translational animal models for symptoms of schizophrenia or bipolar mania. Neurotox Res.14, 71-8.
126. Ghashghaei HT, Weber J, Pevny L, Schmid R, Schwab MH, Lloyd KC, Eisenstat DD, Lai C, Anton ES. (2006) The role of neuregulin-ErbB4 interactions on the proliferation and organization of cells in the subventricular zone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 7;103(6):1930-5.
127. Gilman SR, Iossifov I, Levy D, Ronemus M, Wigler M, Vitkup D. (2011). Rare de novo variants associated with autism implicate a large functional network of genes involved in formation and function of synapses. Neuron. 70, 898-907.
128. Girard SL, Gauthier J, Noreau A, Xiong L, Zhou S, Jouan L, Dionne-Laporte A, Spiegelman D, Henrion E, Diallo O, Thibodeau P, Bachand I, Bao JY, Tong AH, Lin CH, Millet B, Jaafari N, Joober R, Dion PA, Lok S, Krebs MO, Rouleau GA. (2011) Increased exonic de novo mutation rate in individuals with schizophrenia. Nat. Genet. 43, 860-863.
129. Gisquet-Verrier, P. and Delatour, B. (2006) The role of the rat prelimbic/infralimbic cortex in working memory: not involved in the short-term maintenance but in monitoring and processing functions. Neuroscience 141, 585-596.
130. Glahn DC, Therman S, Manninen M, Huttunen M, Kaprio J, Lönnqvist J, Cannon TD. (2003). Spatial working memory as an endophenotype for schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 53, 624-6.
131. Glatt SJ, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT. (2003). Association between a functional catechol Omethyltransferase gene polymorphism and schizophrenia: meta-analysis of case-control and family-based studies. Am J Psychiatry. 160, 469-76.
132. Glessner, J.T. et al. (2009) Autism genome-wide copy number variation reveals ubiquitin and neuronal genes. Nature 459, 569-573.
133. Godfraind, J. M., Reyniers, E., De Boulle, K., D'Hooge, R., De Deyn, P. P., Bakker, C. E., Oostra, B. A., Kooy, R. F., and Willems, P. J. (1996). Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus of fragile X knockout mice. Am. J. Med. Genet. 64, 246-251.
134. Goes, F.S., Willour, V.L., Zandi, P.P., Belmonte, P.L., MacKinnon, D.F., Mondimore, F.M., Schweizer, B., Gershon, E.S., McMahon, F.J., and Potash, J.B. Bipolar Disorder Phenome Group; NIMH Genetics Initiative Bipolar Disorder Consortium (2009). Family-based association study of Neuregulin 1 withpsychotic bipolar disorder. Am. J. Med. Genet. B. Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 150B, 693-702.
135. GoffWR, Williamson PD, VanGilder JC, Allison T, Fisher TC. (1980). Neural origins of long latency evoked potentials recorded from the depth and from the cortical surface of the brain in man. Prog Clin Neurophysiol. 1980;7: 126-145.
136. Gogos JA, Gerber DJ. (2006). Schizophrenia susceptibility genes: emergence of positional candidates and future directions. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 27, 226-33.
137. Gogos JA, Santha M, Takacs Z, Beck KD, Luine V, Lucas LR, Nadler JV, Karayiorgou M. (1999). The gene encoding proline dehydrogenase modulates sensorimotor gating in mice. Nat Genet. 21, 434-9.
138. Goldman MS, Maldonado P, Abbott LF. (2002). Redundancy reduction and sustained firing with stochastic depressing synapses. J Neurosci. 22, 584-91.
139. Gonzalez-Burgos G, Lewis DA. (2008). GABA neurons and the mechanisms of network oscillations: implications for understanding cortical dysfunction in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 34, 944-61.
140. Gottschalk W, Pozzo-Miller LD, Figurov A, Lu B. (1998). Presynaptic modulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the developing hippocampus. J Neurosci. 18, 6830-9.
141. Gould TD, Gottesman II (2006) Psychiatric endophenotypes and the development of valid animal models. Genes Brain Behav 5:113-119.
142. Grande LA, Spain WJ. (2005). Synaptic depression as a timing device. Physiology (Bethesda). 20, 201-10.
143. Granger AJ, Nicoll RA. (2013). Expression mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation: a postsynaptic view, 10 years on. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 369, 20130136
144. Gray CM, Singer W. (1989). Stimulus-specific neuronal oscillations in orientation columns of cat visual cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 86,1698-702
145. Gros DF, Price M, Magruder KM, Frueh BC. (2012). Symptom overlap in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression. Psychiatry Res. 196, 267-70.
146. Groth RD, Dunbar RL, Mermelstein PG (2003) Calcineurin regulation of neuronal plasticity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 311,1159-1171.
147. Grunwald T, Boutros NN, Pezer N, von Oertzen J, Fernández G, Schaller C, Elger CE. (2003). Neuronal substrates of sensory gating within the human brain. Biol Psychiatry. 53, 511-9.
148. Gu Q. (2002). Neuromodulatory transmitter systems in the cortex and their role in cortical plasticity. Neuroscience. 111, 815-35.
149. Gudbjartsson, D. F., et al. (2008). Many sequence variants affecting diversity of adult human height. Nat Genet. 40, 609-615.
150. Guilmatre, A. et al. (2009) Recurrent rearrangements in synaptic and neurodevelopmental genes and shared biologic pathways in schizophrenia, autism, and mental retardation. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 66, 947-956.
151. Guo HF, Zhong Y (2006) Requirement of Akt to mediate long-term synaptic depression in Drosophila. J Neurosci. 26, 4004-14.
152. Haenschel, C., Bittner, R.A., Waltz, J., Haertling, F., Wibral, M., Singer, W., Linden, D.E., and Rodriguez, E. (2009). Cortical oscillatory activity is critical for working memory as revealed by deficits in early-onset schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. 29, 9481-9489.
153. Hall J, Trent S, Thomas KL, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ. (2014). Genetic Risk for Schizophrenia: Convergence on Synaptic Pathways Involved in Plasticity. Biol Psychiatry. S0006-3223(14)00519-8.
154. Hall MH, Taylor G, Sham P, Schulze K, Rijsdijk F, Picchioni M, Toulopoulou T, Ettinger U, Bramon E, Murray RM, Salisbury DF. (2011). The early auditory gamma-band response is heritable and a putative endophenotype of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 37, 778-87.
155. Han J, Mark MD, Li X, Xie M, Waka S, Rettig J, Herlitze S. (2006). RGS2 determines short-term synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons by regulating Gi/o-mediated inhibition of presynaptic Ca2+ channels. Neuron. 51, 575-86.
156. Hardy J. (1997). Amyloid, the presenilins and Alzheimer's disease. Trends Neurosci. 1997 Apr20(4):154-9.
157. Harrison PJ., Weinberger DR. Schizophrenia genes within cortical neural circuits. (2005). Mol Psychiatry. 10, 1-4.
158. Hasan A, Aborowa R, Nitsche MA, Marshall L, Schmitt A, Gruber O, et al. Abnormal bihemispheric responses in schizophrenia patients following cathodal transcranial direct stimulation. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci (2012b) 262(5):415-23. doi:10.1007/s00406-012-0298-7
159. Hasan A, Nitsche MA, Herrmann M, Schneider-Axmann T, Marshall L, Gruber O, et al. Impaired long-term depression in schizophrenia: a cathodal tDCS pilot study. Brain Stimul (2012a) 5(4):475-83. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2011.08.004
160. Hasan A, Nitsche MA, Rein B, Schneider-Axmann T, Guse B, Gruber O, et al. Dysfunctional long-term potentiation-like plasticity in schizophrenia revealed by transcranial direct current stimulation. Behav Brain Res (2011) 224(1):15-22. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.05.017
161. Hatton DD, Sideris J, Skinner M, Mankowski J, Bailey DB Jr, Roberts J, Mirrett P. (2006). Autistic behavior in children with fragile X syndrome: prevalence, stability, and the impact of FMRP. Am J Med Genet A. 140, 1804-13.
162. Hayashi ML, Rao BS, Seo JS, Choi HS, Dolan BM, Choi SY, Chattarji S, Tonegawa S. (2007). Inhibition of p21-activated kinase rescues symptoms of fragile X syndrome in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104, 11489-94.
163. Hays SA, Huber KM, Gibson JR. (2011). Altered neocortical rhythmic activity states in Fmr1 KO mice are due to enhanced mGluR5 signaling and involve changes in excitatory circuitry. J Neurosci. 31, 14223-34.
164. Hegele RA et al. (2013). The polygenic nature of hypertriglyceridaemia: implications for definition, diagnosis, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. pii: S2213-8587, 70191-8.
165. Heinrichs RW. (2005). The primacy of cognition in schizophrenia. Am Psychol. 60, 229-42.
166. Hensch TK. (2005). Critical period plasticity in local cortical circuits. Nat Rev Neurosci. 6, 877-88.
167. Hipp JF, Engel AK, Siegel M. (2011). Oscillatory synchronization in large-scale cortical networks predicts perception. Neuron. 69, 387-96.
168. Hirano, S., Hirano, Y., Maekawa, T., Obayashi, C., Oribe, N., Kuroki, T., Kanba, S., and Onitsuka, T. (2008). Abnormal neural oscillatory activity to speech sounds in schizophrenia: a magnetoencephalography study. J. Neurosci. 28, 4897-4903.
169. Holthausen EA, Wiersma D, Sitskoorn MM, Dingemans PM, Schene AH, van den Bosch RJ. (2003). Long-term memory deficits in schizophrenia: primary or secondary dysfunction? Neuropsychology. 17, 539-47.
170. Hong LE, Summerfelt A, Mitchell BD, McMahon RP, Wonodi I, Buchanan RW, Thaker GK. (2008). Sensory gating endophenotype based on its neural oscillatory pattern and heritability estimate. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 65, 1008-16.
171. Hopfield JJ, Tank DW. (1986). Computing with neural circuits: a model. Science. 233, 625-33.
172. Horiuchi Y, Ishiguro H, Koga M, Inada T, Iwata N, Ozaki N, Ujike H, Muratake T, Someya T, Arinami T (2007) Support for association of the PPP3CC gene with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 12, 891-893.
173. Hu W, Zhang M, Czéh B, Flügge G, Zhang W. (2010). Stress impairs GABAergic network function in the hippocampus by activating nongenomic glucocorticoid receptors and affecting the integrity of the parvalbumin-expressing neuronal network. Neuropsychopharmacology. 35,1693-707
174. Huber, K. M., Gallagher, S. M., Warren, S. T., and Bear, M. F. (2002). Altered synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of fragile X mental retardation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 7746-7750.
175. HulshoffPol HE, Kahn RS. (2008). What happens after the first episode? A review of progressive brain changes in chronically ill patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 34, 354-66.
176. Insel T, Cuthbert B, Garvey M, Heinssen R, Pine DS, Quinn K, Sanislow C, Wang P. (2010) Research domain criteria (RDoC): toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 167, 748-751
177. Inta D, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Gass P. (2011). Alterations in postnatal neurogenesis and dopamine dysregulation in schizophrenia: a hypothesis. Schizophr Bull. 37, 674-80.
178. Inta D, Vogt MA, Elkin H, Weber T, Lima-Ojeda JM, Schneider M, Luoni A, Riva MA, Gertz K, Hellmann-Regen J, Kronenberg G, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Sprengel R, Gass P. (2014). Phenotype of mice with inducible ablation of GluA1 AMPA receptors during late adolescence: relevance for mental disorders. Hippocampus. 24, 424-35.
179. Iossifov I, et al. (2012). De novo gene disruptions in children on the autistic spectrum. Neuron. 74, 285-299.
180. Ivleva EI, Morris DW, Moates AF, Suppes T, Thaker GK, Tamminga CA. (2010). Genetics and intermediate phenotypes of the schizophrenia--bipolar disorder boundary. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 34, 897-921.
181. Jacquet H, Demily C, Houy E, Hecketsweiler B, Bou J, Raux G, Lerond J, Allio G, Haouzir S, Tillaux A, Bellegou C, Fouldrin G, Delamillieure P, Ménard JF, Dollfus S, D'Amato T, Petit M, Thibaut F, Frébourg T, Campion D. Hyperprolinemia is a risk factor for schizoaffective disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 10, 479-85 (2005).
182. Javitt DC, Spencer KM, Thaker GK, Winterer G, Hajós M. (2008). Neurophysiological biomarkers for drug development in schizophrenia. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Jan;7(1):68-83.
183. Javitt DC, Steinschneider M, Schroeder CE, Vaughan HG, Arezzo JC. (1994). Detection of stimulus deviance within primate primary auditory cortex: intracortical mechanisms of mismatch negativity (MMN) generation. Brain Res. 667, 192-200.
184. Jedrzejewska-Szmek J, Zygierewicz J. (2010). Depressing synapse as a detector of frequency change. J Theor Biol. 266, 380-90.
185. Jentsch JD, Trantham-Davidson H, Jairl C, Tinsley M, Cannon TD, Lavin A. (2009). Dysbindin modulates prefrontal cortical glutamatergic circuits and working memory function in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 34, 2601-8.
186. Kandaswamy U, Deng PY, Stevens CF, Klyachko VA. (2010). The role of presynaptic dynamics in processing of natural spike trains in hippocampal synapses. J Neurosci. 30, 15904-14.
187. Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (1997). A turning point in schizophrenia genetics. Neuron. 19, 967-79.
188. Karayiorgou M, Simon TJ, Gogos JA. (2010) 22q11.2 microdeletions: linking DNA structural variation to brain dysfunction and schizophrenia. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 11, 402-416.
189. Karayiorgou, M. et al. (1995) Schizophrenia susceptibility associated with interstitial deletions of chromosome 22q11. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 7612-7616 (1995).
190. Katz B, Miledi R. (1968). The role of calcium in neuromuscular facilitation. J Physiol. 195, 481-92.
191. Kelleher R, Govindarajan A, Tonegawa S (2004). "Translational regulatory mechanisms in persistent forms of synaptic plasticity". Neuron 44, 59-73.
192. Kerchner GA, Nicoll RA. (2008). Silent synapses and the emergence of a postsynaptic mechanism for LTP. Nat Rev Neurosci. 9, 813-25.
193. Kikuchi, M., Hashimoto, T., Nagasawa, T., Hirosawa, T., Minabe, Y., Yoshimura, M., Strik, W., Dierks, T., and Koenig, T. (2011). Frontal areas contribute to reduced global coordination of resting-state gamma activities in drug-naive patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 130, 187-194.
194. Kim JY, Liu CY, Zhang F, Duan X, Wen Z, Song J, Feighery E, Lu B, Rujescu D, St Clair D, Christian K, Callicott JH, Weinberger DR, Song H, Ming GL. (2012). Interplay between DISC1 and GABA signaling regulates neurogenesis in mice and risk for schizophrenia. Cell. 148, 1051-64.
195. Kirkpatrick B, Xu L, Cascella N, Ozeki Y, Sawa A, Roberts RC. (2006). DISC1 immunoreactivity at the light and ultrastructural level in the human neocortex. J Comp Neurol. 497, 436-50.
196. Kirov G, Pocklington AJ, Holmans P, Ivanov D, Ikeda M, Ruderfer D, et al. (2012): De novo CNV analysis implicates specific abnormalities of postsynaptic signalling complexes in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 17:142-153.
197. Klug A, Borst JG, Carlson BA, Kopp-Scheinpflug C, Klyachko VA, Xu-Friedman MA. (2012). How do short-term changes at synapses fine-tune information processing? J Neurosci. 32, 14058-63.
198. Klyachko VA, Stevens CF. (2006). Temperature-dependent shift of balance among the components of short-term plasticity in hippocampal synapses. J Neurosci. 26, 6945-57.
199. Kobayashi K, Manabe T, Takahashi T. (1996). Presynaptic long-term depression at the hippocampal mossy fiber-CA3 synapse. Science. 273, 648-50.
200. Koekkoek SK, Yamaguchi K, Milojkovic BA, Dortland BR, Ruigrok TJ, Maex R, De Graaf W, Smit AE, VanderWerf F, Bakker CE, Willemsen R, Ikeda T, Kakizawa S, Onodera K, Nelson DL, Mientjes E, Joosten M, De Schutter E, Oostra BA, Ito M, De Zeeuw CI. (2005). Deletion of FMR1 in Purkinje cells enhances parallel fiber LTD, enlarges spines, and attenuates cerebellar eyelid conditioning in Fragile X syndrome. Neuron. 2005 Aug 4;47(3):339-52.
201. Koike H, Arguello PA, Kvajo M, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA (2006) Disc1 is mutated in the 129S6/SvEv strain and modulates working memory in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103, 3693-3697
202. Kole MH, Stuart GJ. (2012). Signal processing in the axon initial segment. Neuron. 73, 235-47.
203. Krishnan V, Nestler EJ. (2010). Linking molecules to mood: new insight into the biology of depression. Am J Psychiatry. 167, 1305-20.
204. Kullmann DM, Siegelbaum SA. (1995). The site of expression of NMDA receptor-dependent LTP: new fuel for an old fire. Neuron. 15, 997-1002.
205. Kumar V et al. (2013). Human disease-associated genetic variation impacts large intergenic non-coding RNA expression. PLoS Genet. 9, e1003201.
206. Kumari V, Gray JA, Geyer MA, Ffytche D, Soni W, Mitterschiffthaler MT, Vythelingum GN, Simmons A, Williams SC, Sharma T. (2003). Neural correlates of tactile prepulse inhibition: a functional MRI study in normal and schizophrenic subjects. Psychiatry Res.122, 99-113.
207. Kvajo M, McKellar H, Arguello PA, Drew LJ, Moore H, MacDermott AB, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2008). A mutation in mouse Disc1 that models a schizophrenia risk allele leads to specific alterations in neuronal architecture and cognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 105, 7076-81.
208. Kvajo M, McKellar H, Drew LJ, Lepagnol-Bestel AM, Xiao L, Levy RJ, Blazeski R, Arguello PA, Lacefield CO, Mason CA, Simonneau M, O'Donnell JM, MacDermott AB, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2011). Altered axonal targeting and short-term plasticity in the hippocampus of Disc1 mutant mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108, 1349-58.
209. Lahti AC, Weiler MA, Tamara Michaelidis BA, Parwani A, Tamminga CA. (2001). Effects of ketamine in normal and schizophrenic volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology. 25, 455-67.
210. Lai WS, Xu B, Westphal KG, Paterlini M, Olivier B, Pavlidis P, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2006) Akt1 deficiency affects neuronal morphology and predisposes to abnormalities in prefrontal cortex functioning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 103, 16906-11.
211. Lake CR, Hurwitz N. (2007). Schizoaffective disorder merges schizophrenia and bipolar disorders as one disease--there is no schizoaffective disorder. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 20, 365-79.
212. Lamprecht R, LeDoux J. (2004). Structural plasticity and memory. Nat Rev Neurosci. 5, 45-54.
213. Larson, J., Jessen, R. E., Kim, D., Fine, A. K., and du Hoffmann, J. (2005). Agedependent and selective impairment of long-term potentiation in the anterior piriform cortex of mice lacking the fragile X mental retardation protein. J. Neurosci. 25, 9460-9469.
214. Lawrie SM, Buechel C, Whalley HC, Frith CD, Friston KJ, Johnstone EC. (2002). Reduced frontotemporal functional connectivity in schizophrenia associated with auditory hallucinations. Biol. Psychiatry 51, 1008-1011.
215. Le Be, J. V., and Markram, H. (2006). Spontaneous and evoked synaptic rewiring in the neonatal neocortex. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103,13214-13219.
216. Lee, H. K., Barbarosie, M., Kameyama, K., Bear, M. F. & Huganir, R. L. (2000). Regulation of distinct AMPA receptor phosphorylation sites during bidirectional synaptic plasticity. Nature 405, 955-959.
217. Lei, S. & McBain, C. J. (2004) Two Loci of expression for long term depression at hippocampal mossy fiber-interneuron synapses. J. Neurosci. 24, 2112-2121.
218. Lerner TN, Kreitzer AC. (2012). RGS4 is required for dopaminergic control of striatal LTD and susceptibility to parkinsonian motor deficits. Neuron. 73, 347-59.
219. Lesh TA, Niendam TA, Minzenberg MJ, Carter CS. (2011) Cognitive control deficits in schizophrenia: mechanisms and meaning. Neuropsychopharmacology 36, 316-338.
220. Lewis DA, Sweet RA. (2009). Schizophrenia from a neural circuitry perspective: advancing toward rational pharmacological therapies. J Clin Invest. 119, 706-16.
221. Li, J., Pelletier, M. R., Perez Velazquez, J.L., and Carlen, P. L. (2002). Reduced cortical synaptic plasticity and GluR1 expression associated with fragile X mental retardation protein deficiency. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 19, 138-151.
222. Liao D, Zhang X, O'Brien R, Ehlers MD, Huganir RL. (1999). Regulation of morphological postsynaptic silent synapses in developing hippocampal neurons. Nat Neurosci. 2, 37-43.
223. Liaw JS, Berger TW. (1996). Dynamic synapse: a new concept of neural representation and computation. Hippocampus. 6, 591-600.
224. Lichtenstein P, Carlström E, Råstam M, Gillberg C, Anckarsäter H. (2010). The genetics of autism spectrum disorders and related neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood. Am J Psychiatry. 167, 1357-63.
225. Lichtenstein P, Yip BH, Björk C, Pawitan Y, Cannon TD, Sullivan PF, Hultman CM. (2009) Common genetic determinants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Swedish families: a population-based study. Lancet. 373, 234-9.
226. Lichtenstein, P. et al. (2009) Common genetic influences for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a population-based study of 2 million nuclear families. Lancet 373, 234-239.
227. Light GA, BraffDL. (2005). Mismatch negativity deficits are associated with poor functioning in schizophrenia patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62, 127-136.
228. Lin JW, Ju W, Foster K, Lee SH, Ahmadian G, Wyszynski M, Wang YT, Sheng M. (2000). Distinct molecular mechanisms and divergent endocytotic pathways of AMPA receptor internalization. Nat Neurosci. 3, 1282-90.
229. Lisman J, Yasuda R, Raghavachari S. (2012) Mechanisms of CaMKII action in long-term potentiation. Nat Rev Neurosci. 13, 169-82.
230. Lisman JE, Coyle JT, Green RW, Javitt DC, Benes FM, Heckers S, Grace AA. (2008). Circuitbased framework for understanding neurotransmitter and risk gene interactions in schizophrenia. Trends Neurosci. 31, 234-42.
231. Lisman JE. (1997) Bursts as a unit of neural information: making unreliable synapses reliable. Trends Neurosci. 20, 38-43.
232. Liu YL, Fann CS, Liu CM, Chang CC, Yang WC, Hung SI, Yu SL, Hwang TJ, Hsieh MH, Liu CC, Tsuang MM, Wu JY, Jou YS, Faraone SV, Tsuang MT, Chen WJ, Hwu HG (2007) More evidence supports the association of PPP3CC with schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 12, 966-974.
233. London M, Häusser M. (2005). Dendritic computation. Annu Rev Neurosci. 28, 503-32.
234. Losonczy A, Zhang L, Shigemoto R, Somogyi P, Nusser Z. (2002) Cell type dependence and variability in the short-term plasticity of EPSCs in identified mouse hippocampal interneurones. J Physiol. 542, 193-210.
235. Lovett-Barron M, Kaifosh P, Kheirbek MA, Danielson N, Zaremba JD, Reardon TR, Turi GF, Hen R, Zemelman BV, Losonczy A. (2014). Dendritic inhibition in the hippocampus supports fear learning. Science. 343, 857-63.
236. Luck SJ, Mathalon DH, O'Donnell BF, Hämäläinen MS, Spencer KM, Javitt DC, Uhlhaas PJ. (2011). A roadmap for the development and validation of event-related potential biomarkers in schizophrenia research. Biol Psychiatry. 70, 28-34.
237. Lynall ME, Bassett DS, Kerwin R, McKenna PJ, Kitzbichler M, Muller U, Bullmore E. (2010). Functional connectivity and brain networks in schizophrenia. J Neurosci. 30, 9477-87.
238. Maass W, Zador AM. (1999) Dynamic stochastic synapses as computational units. Neural Comput. 1999 May 15;11(4):903-17.
239. MacLeod LS, Kogan CS, Collin CA, Berry-Kravis E, Messier C, Gandhi R. (2010). A comparative study of the performance of individuals with fragile X syndrome and Fmr1 knockout mice on Hebb-Williams mazes. Genes Brain Behav. 9, 53-64.
240. Magee JC. (2000). Dendritic integration of excitatory synaptic input. Nat Rev Neurosci. 1, 181-90.
241. Maher BJ, LoTurco JJ. (2012). Disrupted-in-schizophrenia (DISC1) functions presynaptically at glutamatergic synapses. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e34053.
242. Maier W, Lichtermann D, Minges J, Hallmayer J, Heun R, Benkert O, Levinson DF. (1993). Continuity and discontinuity of affective disorders and schizophrenia. Results of a controlled family study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;50(11):871-83.
243. Mao Y, Ge X, Frank CL, Madison JM, Koehler AN, Doud MK, Tassa C, Berry EM, Soda T, Singh KK, Biechele T, Petryshen TL, Moon RT, Haggarty SJ, Tsai LH (2009) Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 regulates neuronal progenitor proliferation via modulation of GSK3beta/betacatenin signaling. Cell 136,1017-1031.
244. Manahan-Vaughan D, von Haebler D, Winter C, Juckel G, Heinemann U. (2008). A single application of MK801 causes symptoms of acute psychosis, deficits in spatial memory, and impairment of synaptic plasticity in rats. Hippocampus. 18, 125-34.
245. Markram H, Gupta A, Uziel A, Wang Y, Tsodyks M. (1998) Information processing with frequency-dependent synaptic connections. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 70, 101-12.
246. Markram H, Tsodyks M (1996). Redistribution of synaptic efficacy between neocortical pyramidal neurons. Nature 382, 807-10.
247. Markram K, Markram H. (2010). The intense world theory - a unifying theory of the neurobiology of autism. Front Hum Neurosci. 4, 224.
248. Martin SJ, Grimwood PD, Morris RG. 2000. Synaptic plasticity and memory: an evaluation of the hypothesis. Annu Rev Neurosci 23:649-711.
249. Mato S, Lafourcade M, Robbe D, Bakiri Y, Manzoni OJ. (2008). Role of the cyclic-AMP/PKA cascade and of P/Q-type Ca++ channels in endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens. Neuropharmacology. 54, 87-94.
250. Matveev V, Wang XJ. (2000). Differential short-term synaptic plasticity and transmission of complex spike trains: to depress or to facilitate? Cereb Cortex. 10, 1143-53.
251. McCarthy, S.E. et al. (2009) Microduplications of 16p11.2 are associated with schizophrenia. Nat. Genet. 41, 1223-1227.
252. McDonald-McGinn, D.M. et al.(2001). Phenotype of the 22q11.2 deletion in individuals identified through an affected relative: cast a wide FISHing net!. Genet. Med. 3, 23-29.
253. McGuffin P, Owen MJ, Farmer AE. (1995). Genetic basis of schizophrenia. Lancet. 346, 678-82.
254. McLeod F, Ganley R, Williams L, Selfridge J, Bird A, Cobb SR. (2013). Reduced seizure threshold and altered network oscillatory properties in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. Neuroscience. 231, 195-205.
255. McNab, F. and Klingberg, T. (2008) Prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia control access to working memory. Nat. Neurosci. 11, 103-107.
256. Mei L, Nave KA. (2014). Neuregulin-ERBB signaling in the nervous system and neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuron. 83, 27-49.
257. Metzger KL, Maxwell CR, Liang Y, Siegel SJ. (2007). Effects of nicotine vary across two auditory evoked potentials in the mouse. Biol Psychiatry. 61, 23-30.
258. Meyer-Lindenberg AS, Olsen RK, Kohn PD, Brown T, Egan MF, Weinberger DR, Berman KF. (2005). Regionally specific disturbance of dorsolateral prefrontal-hippocampal functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 62, 379-386.
259. Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Murphy J, Tsuang MT. (1995). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbid disorders: issues of overlapping symptoms. Am J Psychiatry. 152, 1793-9.
260. Millar JK, Pickard BS, Mackie S, James R, Christie S, Buchanan SR, Malloy MP, Chubb JE, Huston E, Baillie GS, Thomson PA, Hill EV, Brandon NJ, Rain JC, Camargo LM, Whiting PJ, Houslay MD, Blackwood DH, Muir WJ, Porteous DJ (2005) DISC1 and PDE4B are interacting genetic factors in schizophrenia that regulate cAMP signaling. Science 310, 1187-1191.
261. Millar JK, Wilson-Annan JC, Anderson S, Christie S, Taylor MS, Semple CA, Devon RS, Clair DM, Muir WJ, Blackwood DH, Porteous DJ (2000) Disruption of two novel genes by a translocation co-segregating with schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet 9:1415-1423.
262. Miller BR, Hen R. (2015). The current state of the neurogenic theory of depression and anxiety. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 30, 51-58.
263. Milner B, Squire LR, Kandel ER. 1998. Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory. Neuron 20:445-68.
264. Ming GL, Song H. (2009). DISC1 partners with GSK3beta in neurogenesis. Cell. 136, 990-2.
265. Minzenberg, M.J., Firl, A.J., Yoon, J.H., Gomes, G.C., Reinking, C., and Carter, C.S. (2010). Gamma oscillatory power is impaired during cognitive control independent of medication status in first-episode schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 35, 2590-2599.
266. Miyakawa T, Leiter LM, Gerber DJ, Gainetdinov RR, Sotnikova TD, Zeng H, Caron MG, Tonegawa S. (2003). Conditional calcineurin knockout mice exhibit multiple abnormal behaviors related to schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 100, 8987-92.
267. Modha DS, Singh R. (2010). Network architecture of the long-distance pathways in the macaque brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 107, 13485-90.
268. Mohn AR, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG, Koller BH. (1999) Mice with reduced NMDA receptor expression display behaviors related to schizophrenia. Cell. 1999 Aug 20;98(4):427-36.
269. Mongillo, G. Barak O, Tsodyks M. (2008) Synaptic theory of working memory. Science 319, 1543-1546.
270. Moretti P, Levenson JM, Battaglia F, Atkinson R, Teague R, Antalffy B, Armstrong D, Arancio O, Sweatt JD, Zoghbi HY. (2006). Learning and memory and synaptic plasticity are impaired in a mouse model of Rett syndrome. J Neurosci. 26, 319-27.
271. Morton WA. (1999). Cocaine and Psychiatric Symptoms. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 1, 109-113.
272. Mulkey RM, Malenka RC. (1992). Mechanisms underlying induction of homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of the hippocampus. Neuron. 9, 967-75.
273. Müller M, Goutman JD, Kochubey O, Schneggenburger R. (2010) Interaction between facilitation and depression at a large CNS synapse reveals mechanisms of short-term plasticity. J Neurosci. 30, 2007-16.
274. Mundy P. (2003). Annotation: the neural basis of social impairments in autism: the role of the dorsal medial-frontal cortex and anterior cingulate system. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 44, 793-809.
275. Murias M, Webb SJ, Greenson J, Dawson G. (2007). Resting state cortical connectivity reflected in EEG coherence in individuals with autism. Biol Psychiatry. 62, 270-3.
276. Murphy KC, Jones LA, Owen MJ. (1999). High rates of schizophrenia in adults with velo-cardiofacial syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 56, 940-5.
277. Murthy VN, Sejnowski TJ, Stevens CF. (1997) Heterogeneous release properties of visualized individual hippocampal synapses. Neuron. 18, 599-612.
278. Musunuru K, Kathiresan S. (2010). Genetics of coronary artery disease. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 11, 91-108.
279. Naatanen R. (2003). Mismatch negativity: clinical research and possible applications. Int J Psychophysiol. 48, 179-88.
280. Naatanen R. Attention and Brain Function. (1992). Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
281. Nadim F, Manor Y, Kopell N, Marder E. (1999). Synaptic depression creates a switch that controls the frequency of an oscillatory circuit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 96, 8206-11.
282. Neale BM, et al. (2012). Patterns and rates of exonic de novo mutations in autism spectrum disorders. Nature. 2012;485:242-245.
283. Nestler EJ, Barrot M, DiLeone RJ, Eisch AJ, Gold SJ, Monteggia LM. (2002). Neurobiology of depression. Neuron. 34, 13-25.
284. Neul JL. (2012). The relationship of Rett syndrome and MECP2 disorders to autism. (2012).Dialogues Clin Neurosci.14, 253-62.
285. Nicoll RA, Schmitz D. (2005). Synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fibre synapses. Nat Rev Neurosci. 6, 863-76.
286. Nicoll RA. (2003). Expression mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation: a postsynaptic view. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 358, 721-6.
287. Nusser Z, Hájos N, Somogyi P, Mody I. (1998). Increased number of synaptic GABA(A) receptors underlies potentiation at hippocampal inhibitory synapses. Nature. 395, 172-7.
288. O'Carroll R. (2000). Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 2000 6, 166-168.
289. Oberman, L., Ifert-Miller, F., Najib, U. Bashir, S., Woollacott, I., Gonzalez-Heydrich, J., Picker, J., Rotenberg, A., and Pascual-Leone, A. (2010). Transcranial magnetic stimulation provides means to assess cortical plasticity and excitability in humans with fragile X syndrome and autism spectrum disorder. Front. Syn. Neurosci. 2:26. doi: 10.3389.fnsyn.2010.00026.
290. O'Donovan MC, Craddock NJ, Owen MJ. (2009). Genetics of psychosis; insights from views across the genome. (2009). Hum Genet. 126, 3-12.
291. O'Donovan, M.C., Craddock, N., Norton, N., Williams, H., Peirce, T., Moskvina, V., Nikolov, I., Hamshere, M., Carroll, L., Georgieva, L., et al.; Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia Collaboration (2008). Identification of loci associated with schizophrenia by genome-wide association and follow-up. Nat. Genet. 40, 1053-1055.
292. O'Donovan MJ, Rinzel J. (1997) Synaptic depression: a dynamic regulator of synaptic communication with varied functional roles. Trends Neurosci. 20, 431-3.
293. O'Dushlaine C, Kenny E, Heron E, Donohoe G, Gill M, Morris D; International Schizophrenia Consortium, Corvin A. (2011). Molecular pathways involved in neuronal cell adhesion and membrane scaffolding contribute to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder susceptibility. Mol Psychiatry. 16, 286-92.
294. Opazo, P. & Choquet, D. (2011). A three-step model for the synaptic recruitment of AMPA receptors. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 46, 1-8.
295. Orekhova EV, Stroganova TA, Nygren G, Tsetlin MM, Posikera IN, Gillberg C, Elam M. (2007). Excess of high frequency electroencephalogram oscillations in boys with autism. Biol. Psychiatry 62, 1022-1029.
296. O'Roak BJ, et al. (2012) Sporadic autism exomes reveal a highly interconnected protein network of de novo mutations. Nature. 485, 246-250.
297. Paradee W, Melikian HE, Rasmussen DL, Kenneson A, Conn PJ, Warren ST. (1999). Fragile X mouse: strain effects of knockout phenotype and evidence suggesting deficient amygdala function. Neuroscience. 94, 185-92.
298. Paterlini M, Zakharenko SS, Lai WS, Qin J, Zhang H, Mukai J, Westphal KG, Olivier B, Sulzer D, Pavlidis P, Siegelbaum SA, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2005). Transcriptional and behavioral interaction between 22q11.2 orthologs modulates schizophrenia-related phenotypes in mice. Nat Neurosci. 8, 1586-94.
299. Pelkey KA, Topolnik L, Lacaille JC, McBain CJ. (2006). Compartmentalized Ca2+ channel regulation at divergent mossy-fiber release sites underlies target cell-dependent plasticity. Neuron. 52, 497-510.
300. Peltonen L, Perola M, Naukkarinen J, Palotie A. (2006). Lessons from studying monogenic disease for common disease. Hum Mol Genet. 15, R67-74.
301. Pfeiffer BE, Huber KM. (2006). Current advances in local protein synthesis and synaptic plasticity. J Neurosci. 26, 7147-50.
302. Phang JM; Hu, CA; Valle, D. (2001). Disorders of proline and hydoxyproline metabolism; The Metabolic and Molecular and Bases of Inherited Disease, 8e; McGraw-Hill, New York.
303. Poncer JC, Malinow R. (2001). Postsynaptic conversion of silent synapses during LTP affects synaptic gain and transmission dynamics. Nat Neurosci. 4, 989-96.
304. Prasad KM, Talkowski ME, Chowdari KV, McClain L, Yolken RH, Nimgaonkar VL. (2010). Candidate genes and their interactions with other genetic/environmental risk factors in the etiology of schizophrenia. Brain Res Bull. 83, 86-92.
305. Pratt KG, Taft CE, Burbea M, Turrigiano GG. (2008). Dynamics underlying synaptic gain between pairs of cortical pyramidal neurons. Dev Neurobiol. 68, 143-51.
306. Psychiatric GWAS Consortium Coordinating Committee (2009). Genomewide association studies: history, rationale, and prospects for psychiatric disorders. Am J Psychiatry 166:540-556.
307. Pulver AE, Nestadt G, Goldberg R, Shprintzen RJ, Lamacz M, Wolyniec PS, Morrow B, Karayiorgou M, Antonarakis SE, Housman D, et al.(1994) Psychotic illness in patients diagnosed with velo-cardio-facial syndrome and their relatives. J Nerv Ment Dis. 182, 476-8
308. Ragland JD, Gur RC, Valdez JN, Loughead J, Elliott M, Kohler C, Kanes S, Siegel SJ, Moelter ST, Gur RE. (2005) Levels-of-processing effect on frontotemporal function in schizophrenia during word encoding and recognition. Am. J. Psychiatry 162, 1840-1848.
309. Ramocki MB, Peters SU, Tavyev YJ, Zhang F, Carvalho CM, Schaaf CP, Richman R, Fang P, Glaze DG, Lupski JR, Zoghbi HY. (2009). Autism and other neuropsychiatric symptoms are prevalent in individuals with MeCP2 duplication syndrome. Ann Neurol. 66, 771-82.
310. Randall AD, Kurihara M, Brandon NJ, Brown JT. (2014). Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 and synaptic function in the mammalian central nervous system. Eur J Neurosci. 39, 1068-73.
311. Ranganath C, Minzenberg MJ, Ragland JD. (2000). The cognitive neuroscience of memory function and dysfunction in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 64, 18-25.
312. Ransdell JL, Nair SS, Schulz DJ. (2012). Rapid homeostatic plasticity of intrinsic excitability in a central pattern generator network stabilizes functional neural network output. J Neurosci. 32, 9649-58.
313. Raux G, Bumsel E, Hecketsweiler B, van Amelsvoort T, et al. Involvement of hyperprolinemia in cognitive and psychiatric features of the 22q11 deletion syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 16, 83-91 (2007).
314. Regehr WG. (2012). Short-term presynaptic plasticity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 4, a005702.
315. Ribary U, Ioannides AA, Singh KD, Hasson R, Bolton JP, Lado F, Mogilner A, Llinás R. (1991). Magnetic field tomography of coherent thalamocortical 40-Hz oscillations in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 88, 11037-41.
316. Ricoy UM, Mao P, Manczak M, Reddy PH, Frerking ME. (2011). A transgenic mouse model for Alzheimer's disease has impaired synaptic gain but normal synaptic dynamics. Neurosci Lett. 500, 212-5.
317. Reif A, Fritzen S, Finger M, Strobel A, Lauer M, Schmitt A, Lesch KP. (2006). Neural stem cell proliferation is decreased in schizophrenia, but not in depression. Mol Psychiatry. 11, 514-22.
318. Reif A, Schmitt A, Fritzen S, Lesch KP. (2007). Neurogenesis and schizophrenia: dividing neurons in a divided mind? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 257, 290-9.
319. Ripke S, et al. (2013). Genome-wide association analysis identifies 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 45, 1150-9.
320. Ripke, S. et al. (2011) Genome-wide association study identifies five new schizophrenia loci. Nat. Genet. 43, 969-976
321. Robbe D, Alonso G, Chaumont S, Bockaert J, Manzoni OJ. (2002). Role of P/Q-Ca2+ channels in metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3-dependent presynaptic long-term depression at nucleus accumbens synapses. J Neurosci. 22, 4346-56.
322. Rodriguez-Murillo L, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2012). The genetic architecture of schizophrenia: new mutations and emerging paradigms. Annu Rev Med. 63,63-80.
323. Rojas DC, Teale PD, Maharajh K, Kronberg E, Youngpeter K, Wilson LB, Wallace A, Hepburn S. (2011). Transient and steady-state auditory gamma-band responses in first-degree relatives of people with autism spectrum disorder. Mol Autism. 2, 11.
324. Rommelse NN, Franke B, Geurts HM, Hartman CA, Buitelaar JK. (2010). Shared heritability of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 19, 281-95.
325. Rothman JS, Cathala L, Steuber V, Silver RA. (2009) Synaptic depression enables neuronal gain control. Nature. 457, 1015-8.
326. Rotman Z, Deng PY, Klyachko VA. (2011). Short-term plasticity optimizes synaptic information transmission. J Neurosci. 2011 Oct 12;31(41):14800-9.
327. Rotman Z, Klyachko VA. (2013). Role of synaptic dynamics and heterogeneity in neuronal learning of temporal code. J Neurophysiol. 110, 2275-86.
328. Roux F, Wibral M, Mohr HM, Singer W, Uhlhaas PJ. (2012). Gamma-band activity in human prefrontal cortex codes for the number of relevant items maintained in working memory. J Neurosci. 32, 12411-20.
329. Royer S, Zemelman BV, Losonczy A, Kim J, Chance F, Magee JC, Buzsáki G. (2012). Control of timing, rate and bursts of hippocampal place cells by dendritic and somatic inhibition. Nat Neurosci. 15, 769-75.
330. Sabatini BL, Regehr WG. (1999). Timing of synaptic transmission. Annu Rev Physiol. 61, 521-42.
331. Saggu S, Cannon TD, Jentsch JD, Lavin A. (2013). Potential molecular mechanisms for decreased synaptic glutamate release in dysbindin-1 mutant mice. Schizophr Res. 146, 254-63.
332. Salin PA, Scanziani M, Malenka RC, Nicoll RA. (1996). Distinct short-term plasticity at two excitatory synapses in the hippocampus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93,13304-9.
333. Salin, P. A., Malenka, R. C. & Nicoll, R. A. (1996) Cyclic AMP mediates a presynaptic form of LTP at cerebellar parallel fiber synapses. Neuron 16, 797-803.
334. Sanders SJ et al. (2011). Multiple recurrent de novo CNVs, including duplications of the 7q11.23 Williams syndrome region, are strongly associated with autism. Neuron. 70, 863-85.
335. Sanders SJ, et al. (2012). De novo mutations revealed by whole-exome sequencing are strongly associated with autism. Nature. 485, 237-241.
336. Saperstein AM, Fuller RL, Avila MT, Adami H, McMahon RP, Thaker GK, Gold JM. (2006).Spatial working memory as a cognitive endophenotype of schizophrenia: assessing risk for pathophysiological dysfunction. Schizophr Bull. 32, 498-506.
337. Saugstad JA, Marino MJ, Folk JA, Hepler JR, Conn PJ. (1998). RGS4 inhibits signaling by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. J Neurosci. 18, 905-13.
338. Saunders JA, Gandal MJ, Roberts TP, Siegel SJ. (2012). NMDA antagonist MK801 recreates auditory electrophysiology disruption present in autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Behav Brain Res. 234, 233-7.
339. Schall U, Johnston P, Todd J, Ward PB, Michie PT. (2003). Functional neuroanatomy of auditory mismatch processing: an event-related fMRI study of duration-deviant oddballs. Neuroimage. 20, 729-736.
340. Schmeisser MJ et al., (2012). Autistic-like behaviours and hyperactivity in mice lacking ProSAP1/Shank2. Nature. 486, 256-60.
341. Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Falkai P. (20140. The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci. 8, 19.
342. Selkoe D, Mandelkow E, Holtzman D. (2012). Deciphering Alzheimer disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2, a011460.
343. Senn W, Segev I, Tsodyks M. (1998). Reading neuronal synchrony with depressing synapses. Neural Comput. 10, 815-9.
344. Shi, J. et al. (2009) Common variants on chromosome 6p22.1 are associated with schizophrenia. Nature 460, 753-757
345. Shi, S. H. et al. (1999). Rapid spine delivery and redistribution of AMPA receptors after synaptic NMDA receptor activation. Science 284, 1811-1816.
346. Shinawi, M. et al. (2010) Recurrent reciprocal 16p11.2 rearrangements associated with global developmental delay, behavioural problems, dysmorphism, epilepsy, and abnormal head size. J. Med. Genet. 47, 332-341
347. Sigurdsson T, Stark KL, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA, Gordon JA. (2010). Impaired hippocampalprefrontal synchrony in a genetic mouse model of schizophrenia. Nature. 464, 763-7.
348. Silberberg G, Grillner S, LeBeau FE, Maex R, Markram H. (2005) Synaptic pathways in neural microcircuits. Trends Neurosci. 10, 541-51.
349. Silberberg G, Wu C, Markram H. (2004) Synaptic dynamics control the timing of neuronal excitation in the activated neocortical microcircuit. J Physiol. 556, 19-27.
350. Silverman JL, Yang M, Lord C, Crawley JN. (2010). Behavioural phenotyping assays for mouse models of autism. Nat Rev Neurosci. 11, 490-502.
351. Sinzig J, Walter D, Doepfner M. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: symptom or syndrome? J Atten Disord. 2009 Sep;13(2):117-26.
352. Smith SM, Renden R, von GersdorffH. (2008). Synaptic vesicle endocytosis: fast and slow modes of membrane retrieval. Trends Neurosci. 31, 559-68.
353. Smoller JW et al. (2013). Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet. 381, 1371-9.
354. Sobin, C. et al. (2005) Neuropsychological characteristics of children with the 22q11 Deletion Syndrome: a descriptive analysis. Child Neuropsychol. 11, 39-53.
355. Spellman TJ, Gordon JA. (2014). Synchrony in schizophrenia: a window into circuit-level pathophysiology. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 30, 17-23.
356. Spencer, K.M. (2012). Baseline gamma power during auditory steady-state stimulation in schizophrenia. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 5, 190.
357. Spencer, K.M., Nestor, P.G., Niznikiewicz, M.A., Salisbury, D.F., Shenton, M.E., and McCarley, R.W. (2003). Abnormal neural synchrony in schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. 23, 7407-7411.
358. St Clair CD, Blackwood D, Muir W, Carothers A, Walker M, Spowart G, Gosden C, Evans HJ. (1990). Association within a family of a balanced autosomal translocation with major mental illness. Lancet 336:13-16.
359. Stark KL, et al. (2008) Altered brain microRNA biogenesis contributes to phenotypic deficits in a 22q11-deletion mouse model. Nat Genet 40, 751-760.
360. Stefansson H, et al., (2002). Neuregulin 1 and susceptibility to schizophrenia. Am J Hum Genet. 71, 877-92.
361. Stefansson H, et al., (2009). Common variants conferring risk of schizophrenia. Nature. 460, 744-7.
362. Stephan KE, Friston KJ, Frith CD. (2009). Dysconnection in schizophrenia: from abnormal synaptic plasticity to failures of self-monitoring. Schizophr Bull. 35, 509-27.
363. Steullet P, Cabungcal JH, Kulak A, Kraftsik R, Chen Y, Dalton TP, Cuenod M, Do KQ. (2010). Redox dysregulation affects the ventral but not dorsal hippocampus: impairment of parvalbumin neurons, gamma oscillations, and related behaviors. J Neurosci. 30, 2547-58.
364. Südhof TC. (2008). Neuroligins and neurexins link synaptic function to cognitive disease. Nature. 455, 903-11.
365. Suh J, Foster DJ, Davoudi H, Wilson MA, Tonegawa S. (2013). Impaired hippocampal rippleassociated replay in a mouse model of schizophrenia. Neuron. 80, 484-93.
366. Sullivan, P.F., Kendler, K.S. & Neale, M.C. (2003). Schizophrenia as a complex trait: evidence from a meta-analysis of twin studies. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 60, 1187-1192.
367. Sullivan PF, Magnusson C, Reichenberg A, Boman M, Dalman C, Davidson M, Fruchter E, Hultman CM, Lundberg M, Långström N, Weiser M, Svensson AC, Lichtenstein P. (2012). Family history of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as risk factors for autism. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 69, 1099-1103.
368. Sun L, Grützner C, Bölte S, Wibral M, Tozman T, Schlitt S, Poustka F, Singer W, Freitag CM, Uhlhaas PJ. (2012). Impaired gamma-band activity during perceptual organization in adults with autism spectrum disorders: evidence for dysfunctional network activity in frontal-posterior cortices. J Neurosci. 32, 9563-73.
369. Sweatt JD. (1999). Toward a molecular explanation for long-term potentiation. Learn Mem. 6, 399-416.
370. Swerdlow NR, Geyer MA, BraffDL. (2001). Neural circuitry of prepulse inhibition of startle in the rat: current knowledge and future challenges. Psychopharmacology. 156, 194-215.
371. Swerdlow NR, Light GA, Cadenhead KS, Sprock J, Hsieh MH, BraffDL. (2006). Startle gating deficits in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia: relationship to medications, symptoms, neurocognition, and level of function. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 63, 1325-35.
372. Swerdlow, N.R. & Geyer, M.A. (1998). Using an animal model of deficient sensorimotor gating to study the pathophysiology and new treatments of schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 24, 285-301.
373. Talbot K, Cho DS, Ong WY, Benson MA, Han LY, Kazi HA, Kamins J, Hahn CG, Blake DJ, Arnold SE. (2006) Dysbindin-1 is a synaptic and microtubular protein that binds brain snapin. Hum Mol Genet. 15, 3041-54.
374. Tang TT, Yang F, Chen BS, Lu Y, Ji Y, Roche KW, Lu B. (2009). Dysbindin regulates hippocampal LTP by controlling NMDA receptor surface expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106, 21395-400.
375. Taya S, Shinoda T, Tsuboi D, Asaki J, Nagai K, Hikita T, Kuroda S, Kuroda K, Shimizu M, Hirotsune S, Iwamatsu A, Kaibuchi K (2007) DISC1 regulates the transport of the NUDEL/LIS1/14-3-3epsilon complex through kinesin-1. J Neurosci 27, 15-26.
376. TetzlaffC, Kolodziejski C, Markelic I, Wörgötter F. (2012). Time scales of memory, learning, and plasticity. Biol Cybern. 106, 715-26
377. Thaker GK. (2008). Neurophysiological endophenotypes across bipolar and schizophrenia psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 34, 760-73.
378. Thomson, P.A., Christoforou, A., Morris, S.W., Adie, E., Pickard, B.S., Porteous, D.J., Muir, W.J., Blackwood, D.H., and Evans, K.L. (2007). Association of Neuregulin 1 with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in a second cohort from the Scottish population. Mol. Psychiatry 12, 94-104.
379. Todd KJ, Serrano A, Lacaille JC, Robitaille R. (2006). Glial cells in synaptic plasticity. J Physiol Paris. 2006 Mar-May;99(2-3)75-83.
380. Tomari Y, Zamore PD (2005) MicroRNA biogenesis: Drosha can't cut it without a partner. Curr Biol 15, R61-R64.
381. Tong, G., Malenka, R. C. & Nicoll, R. A. (1996) Long-term potentiation in cultures of single hippocampal granule cells: a presynaptic form of plasticity. Neuron 16, 1147-1157.
382. Torres JJ, Kappen HJ. (2013) Emerging phenomena in neural networks with dynamic synapses and their computational implications. Front Comput Neurosci. 2013 7, 30.
383. Tsodyks M, Pawelzik K, Markram H. (1998). Neural networks with dynamic synapses. Neural Comput. 10, 821-35.
384. Tsodyks M, Uziel A, Markram H. (2000) Synchrony generation in recurrent networks with frequency-dependent synapses. J Neurosci. 20(1):RC50
385. Tsodyks, M. V. & Markram, H. (1997) The neural code between neocortical pyramidal neurons depends on neurotransmitter release probability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 719-723
386. Turetsky BI, Calkins ME, Light GA, Olincy A, Radant AD, Swerdlow NR. (2007). Neurophysiological endophenotypes of schizophrenia: the viability of selected candidate measures. Schizophr Bull. 33, 69-94.
387. Turjanski N, Lloyd, GG (2005). Psychiatric side-effects of medications: recent developments. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 11, 58-70.
388. Tzounopoulos T, Janz R, Südhof TC, Nicoll RA, Malenka RC. (1998). A role for cAMP in longterm depression at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Neuron. 21, 837-45.
389. Udagawa T, Farny NG, Jakovcevski M, Kaphzan H, Alarcon JM, Anilkumar S, Ivshina M, Hurt JA, Nagaoka K, Nalavadi VC, Lorenz LJ, Bassell GJ, Akbarian S, Chattarji S, Klann E, Richter JD. (2013). Genetic and acute CPEB1 depletion ameliorate fragile X pathophysiology. Nat Med. 19, 1473-7.
390. Uhlhaas PJ, Haenschel C, Nikoliæ D, Singer W. (2008). The role of oscillations and synchrony in cortical networks and their putative relevance for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 34, 927-943.
391. Uhlhaas PJ, Singer W (2010) Abnormal neural oscillations and synchrony in schizophrenia. Nat Rev Neurosci 11:100-113.
392. Uhlhaas PJ, Singer W. (2006). Neural synchrony in brain disorders: relevance for cognitive dysfunctions and pathophysiology. Neuron. 52, 155-68.
393. Uhlhaas PJ, Singer W. (2012). Neuronal dynamics and neuropsychiatric disorders: toward a translational paradigm for dysfunctional large-scale networks. Neuron. 75, 963-80.
394. Uhlhaas PJ. (2013). Dysconnectivity, large-scale networks and neuronal dynamics in schizophrenia. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 23, 283-90.
395. Van Dam D, D'Hooge R, Hauben E, Reyniers E, Gantois I, Bakker CE, Oostra BA, Kooy RF, De Deyn PP. (2000). Spatial learning, contextual fear conditioning and conditioned emotional response in Fmr1 knockout mice. Behav Brain Res. 117, 127-36.
396. Van Snellenberg JX. (2009). Working memory and long-term memory deficits in schizophrenia: is there a common substrate? Psychiatry Res. 2009 Nov 30;174(2):89-96.
397. Vassos E, Collier DA, Holden S, Patch C, Rujescu D, St Clair D, Lewis CM. (2010). Penetrance for copy number variants associated with schizophrenia. Hum Mol Genet. 19, 3477-81.
398. Vilain J, Galliot AM, Durand-Roger J, Leboyer M, Llorca PM, SchürhoffF, Szöke A. (2013). Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: a review. Encephale. 39, 19-28.
399. von GersdorffH, Matthews G. (1997). Depletion and replenishment of vesicle pools at a ribbontype synaptic terminal. J Neurosci. 17, 1919-27.
400. Walker, R.M., Christoforou, A., Thomson, P.A., McGhee, K.A., Maclean, A., Mühleisen, T.W., Strohmaier, J., Nieratschker, V., Nöthen, M.M., Rietschel, M., et al. (2010). Association analysis of Neuregulin 1 candidate regions in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Neurosci. Lett. 478, 9-13.
401. Walsh T et al. (2008). Rare structural variants disrupt multiple genes in neurodevelopmental pathways in schizophrenia. Science. 320, 539-43.
402. Walss-Bass, C., Liu, W., Lew, D.F., Villegas, R., Montero, P., Dassori, A., Leach, R.J., Almasy, L., Escamilla, M., and Raventos, H. (2006). A novel missense mutation in the transmembrane domain of neuregulin 1 is associated with schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 60, 548-553.
403. Wang XJ. (2010). Neurophysiological and computational principles of cortical rhythms in cognition. Physiol Rev. 90,1195-268
404. Wang XS, Peng CZ, Cai WJ, Xia J, Jin D, Dai Y, Luo XG, Klyachko VA, Deng PY. (2014). Activity-dependent regulation of release probability at excitatory hippocampal synapses: a crucial role of fragile X mental retardation protein in neurotransmission. Eur J Neurosci. 2014 Mar 20. doi: 10.1111/ejn.12546.
405. Wang, K. et al. (2009) Common genetic variants on 5p14.1 associate with autism spectrum disorders. Nature 459, 528-533
406. Webb WL Jr, Gehi M. (1981). Electrolyte and fluid imbalance: neuropsychiatric manifestations. Psychosomatics. 22, 199-203.
407. Weisskopf MG, Castillo PE, Zalutsky RA, Nicoll RA. (1994). Mediation of hippocampal mossy fiber long-term potentiation by cyclic AMP. Science. 265, 1878-82
408. Welch JM, Lu J, Rodriguiz RM, Trotta NC, Peca J, Ding JD, Feliciano C, Chen M, Adams JP, Luo J, Dudek SM, Weinberg RJ, Calakos N, Wetsel WC, Feng G. (2007). Cortico-striatal synaptic defects and OCD-like behaviours in Sapap3-mutant mice. Nature. 448, 894-900
409. Weng L, Macciardi F, Subramanian A, Guffanti G, Potkin SG, Yu Z, Xie X. (2011). SNP-based pathway enrichment analysis for genome-wide association studies. BMC Bioinformatics. 12, 99.
410. Weng SM, McLeod F, Bailey ME, Cobb SR. (2011). Synaptic plasticity deficits in an experimental model of rett syndrome: long-term potentiation saturation and its pharmacological reversal. Neuroscience. 180, 314-21.
411. Whitlock JR, Heynen AJ, Shuler MG, Bear MF. 2006. Learning induces long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Science 313:1093-7.
412. Wiedholz LM, Owens WA, Horton RE, Feyder M, Karlsson RM, Hefner K, Sprengel R, Celikel T, Daws LC, Holmes A. (2008). Mice lacking the AMPA GluR1 receptor exhibit striatal hyperdopaminergia and 'schizophrenia-related' behaviors. Mol Psychiatry. 13, 631-40.
413. Williams, N.M. et al. (2010) Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a genomewide analysis. Lancet 376, 1401-1408.
414. Wilson TW, Rojas DC, Reite ML, Teale PD, Rogers SJ. (2007). Children and adolescents with autism exhibit reduced MEG steady-state gamma responses. Biol Psychiatry. 62, 192-7.
415. Womelsdorf T, Fries P, Mitra PP, Desimone R. (2006). Gamma-band synchronization in visual cortex predicts speed of change detection. Nature. 439, 733-6.
416. Won H, Lee HR, Gee HY, Mah W, Kim JI, Lee J, Ha S, Chung C, Jung ES, Cho YS, Park SG, Lee JS, Lee K, Kim D, Bae YC, Kaang BK, Lee MG, Kim E. (2012). Autistic-like social behaviour in Shank2-mutant mice improved by restoring NMDA receptor function. Nature. 2012 Jun 13;486(7402):261-5.
417. Woodin, M. et al. (2001). Neuropsychological profile of children and adolescents with the 22q11.2 microdeletion. Genet. Med. 3, 34-39 (2001).
418. Xu B, Hsu PK, Stark KL, Karayiorgou M, Gogos JA. (2013). Derepression of a neuronal inhibitor due to miRNA dysregulation in a schizophrenia-related microdeletion. Cell. 152, 262-75.
419. Xu B, Ionita-Laza I, Roos JL, Boone B, Woodrick S, Sun Y, Levy S, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2012). De novo gene mutations highlight patterns of genetic and neural complexity in schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 44, 1365-9.
420. Xu B, Roos JL, Dexheimer P, Boone B, Plummer B, Levy S, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2011). Exome sequencing supports a de novo mutational paradigm for schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 43, 864-8.
421. Xu B, Roos JL, Levy S, van Rensburg EJ, Gogos JA, Karayiorgou M. (2008). Strong association of de novo copy number mutations with sporadic schizophrenia. Nat Genet. 40, 880-5.
422. Yan QJ, Asafo-Adjei PK, Arnold HM, Brown RE, Bauchwitz RP. (2004). A phenotypic and molecular characterization of the fmr1-tm1Cgr fragile X mouse. Genes Brain Behav. 3, 337-59.
423. Yang J, Lee T, Kim J, Cho MC, Han BG, Lee JY, Lee HJ, Cho S, Kim H. (2013). Ubiquitous polygenicity of human complex traits: genome-wide analysis of 49 traits in Koreans. PLoS Genet. 9, e1003355.
424. Yang Y, Calakos N. (2011) Munc13-1 is required for presynaptic long-term potentiation. J Neurosci. 31, 12053-7.
425. Yang Y, Calakos N. (2013). Presynaptic long-term plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci. 5, 8.
426. Yang ZZ, Tschopp O, Baudry A, Dümmler B, Hynx D, Hemmings BA. (2004) Physiological functions of protein kinase B/Akt. Biochem Soc Trans. 2004 Apr 32(Pt 2):350-4.
427. Yizhar O, Fenno LE, Prigge M, Schneider F, Davidson TJ, O'Shea DJ, Sohal VS, Goshen I, Finkelstein J, Paz JT, Stehfest K, Fudim R, Ramakrishnan C, Huguenard JR, Hegemann P, Deisseroth K. (2011). Neocortical excitation/inhibition balance in information processing and social dysfunction. Nature. 477, 171-8.
428. Zador AM, Dobrunz LE. (1997) Dynamic synapses in the cortex. Neuron. 1997 Jul;19(1):1-4.
429. Zakharenko SS, Patterson SL, Dragatsis I, Zeitlin SO, Siegelbaum SA, Kandel ER, Morozov A. (2003). Presynaptic BDNF required for a presynaptic but not postsynaptic component of LTP at hippocampal CA1-CA3 synapses. Neuron. 39, 975-90.
430. Zakharenko SS, Zablow L, Siegelbaum SA. (2001). Visualization of changes in presynaptic function during long-term synaptic plasticity. Nat. Neurosci. 4, 711-717.
431. Zbozinek TD, Rose RD, Wolitzky-Taylor KB, Sherbourne C, Sullivan G, Stein MB, Roy-Byrne PP, Craske MG. (2012). Diagnostic overlap of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder in a primary care sample. Depress Anxiety. 29, 1065-71.
432. Zeggini E, et al. (2007). Replication of genome-wide association signals in UK samples reveals risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Science. 316, 1336-41.
433. Zeng H, Chattarji S, Barbarosie M, Rondi-Reig L, Philpot BD, Miyakawa T, Bear MF, Tonegawa S. (2001). Forebrain-specific calcineurin knockout selectively impairs bidirectional synaptic plasticity and working/episodic-like memory. Cell. 107, 617-29.
434. Zhao Z, Ksiezak-Reding H, Riggio S, Haroutunian V, Pasinetti GM. (2006) Insulin receptor deficits in schizophrenia and in cellular and animal models of insulin receptor dysfunction. Schizophr Res. 84,1-14.
435. Zheng JJ, Lee S, Zhou ZJ. (2004). A developmental switch in the excitability and function of the starburst network in the mammalian retina. Neuron. 44, 851-64.
436. Zoghbi HY. (2003). Postnatal neurodevelopmental disorders: meeting at the synapse? Science, 302, 826-30.
437. Zucker RS, Regehr WG. (2002) Short-term synaptic plasticity. Annu Rev Physiol. 64, 355-405