Cognitive, metacognitive and motivational perspectives on preflection in self-regulated online learning

Computers in Human Behavior

Volumn 32, Issue , 2014, Pages 313-323

  Lehmann, Thomas ^a   Hähnlein, Inka ^b   Ifenthaler, Dirk ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PASSAU   (Germany)

^c DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Online education; Preflection; Prompting; Reflection; Self regulated learning

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE LEARNING PROCESS; LEARNING PREFERENCES; ON-LINE EDUCATION; ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT; PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS; PREFLECTION; PROMPTING; SELF-REGULATED LEARNING;

COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION; MOTIVATION; REFLECTION;

E-LEARNING;

EID: 84893812492     PISSN: 07475632     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.07.051     Document Type: Article

References (135)

1. W.H. Acton, P.J. Johnson, and T.E. Goldsmith Structural knowledge assessment: Comparison of referent structures Journal of Educational Psychology 86 2 1994 303 311
2. A.M. Agina The effect of nonhuman's external regulation on young children's self-regulation to regulate their own process of learning Computers in Human Behavior 28 4 2012 1140 1152 10.1016/j.chb.2012.01.022
3. S. Al-Diban, and D. Ifenthaler Comparison of two analysis approaches for measuring externalized mental models: Implications for diagnostics and applications Journal of Educational Technology & Society 14 2 2011 16 30
4. Roger. Azevedo The role of self-regulation in learning about science with hypermedia D. Robinson, G. Schraw, Recent innovations in educational technology that facilitate student learning 2008 Information Age Publishing Charlotte, NC 127 156
5. Roger. Azevedo Theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and instructional issues in research on metacognition and self-regulated learning: A discussion Metacognition and Learning 4 1 2009 87 95
6. Roger. Azevedo, J.G. Cromley, F.I. Winters, D.C. Moos, and J.A. Greene Adaptive human scaffolding facilitates adoles (Pubitemid 41455844)
7. Roger Azevedo, Amy Johnson, and Amber Chauncey Self-regulated learning with metatutor: Advancing the science of learning with metacognitive tools M.S. Khine, I.M. Saleh, New science of learning 2010 Springer New York 225 247
8. Bajraktarevic, N.; Hall, W.; & Fullick, P. (2003). Incorporating learning styles in hypermedia environment: Empirical evaluation. Paper presented at the 14th conference on hypertext and hypermedia, Nottingham, UK.
9. E.L. Baker, G.K.W.K. Chung, and G.C. Delacruz Design and validation of technology-based performance assessments J.M. Spector, M.D. Merrill, J.J.G. van Merriënboer, M.P. Driscoll, Handbook of research on educational communications and technology 2008 Taylor & Francis Group New York 595 604
10. A. Bandura Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales F. Pajares, T.C. Urdan, Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents Vol. 5 2006 Information Age Publishing Hershey, PA 307 337
11. Bannert, M. (2007). Metakognition beim Lernen mit Hypermedia. Erfassung, Beschreibung, und Vermittlung wirksamer metakognitiver Lernstrategien und Regulationsaktivitäten. Münster: Waxmann.
12. M. Bannert Promoting self-regulated learning through prompts Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie 23 2 2009 139 145
13. M. Boekaerts Self-regulated learning: Bridging the gap between metacognition and metamotivation theories Educational Psychologist 30 4 1995 195 200 (Pubitemid 126003210)
14. M. Boekaerts Self-regulated learning: Where we are today International Journal of Educational Research 31 6 1999 445 457 (Pubitemid 41167990)
15. J.D. Bransford, A.L. Brown, and R.R. Cocking How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school 2000 National Academy Press Washington, DC
16. A.L. Brown Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions in classroom settings Journal of the Learning Sciences 2 2 1992 141 178
17. G. Clarebout, and J. Elen Tool use in computer-based learning environments: Towards a research framework Computers in Human Behavior 22 3 2006 389 411 10.1016/j.chb.2004.09.007 (Pubitemid 43052709)
18. R.B. Clariana, and P.E. Wallace A computer-based approach for deriving and measuring individual and team knowledge structure from essay questions Journal of Educational Computing Research 37 3 2007 211 227
19. D.A. Cook, M.H. Gelula, D.M. Dupras, and A. Schwartz Instructional methods and cognitive and learning styles in web-based learning: Report of two randomised trials Medical Education 41 9 2007 897 905 (Pubitemid 47313237)
20. E. Davis Prompting middle school science students for productive reflection: Generic and directed prompts Journal of the Learning Sciences 12 1 2003 91 142
21. E.L. Deci, and R.M. Ryan Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior 1985 Plenum Press New York
22. Deci, E. L.; & Ryan, R. M. (2005). Intrinsic motivation inventory (IMI). < http://www.psych.rochester.edu/SDT/measures/IMI-description.php >.
23. C. Dillon, and B. Greene Learner differences in distance learning: Finding differences that matter M.G. Moore, W.G. Anderson, Handbook of distance education 2003 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mahwah, NJ 235 244
24. R. Dunn, A. Honigsfeld, L.S. Doolan, L. Bodstrom, K. Russo, and M.S. Schiering et al. Impact of learning-style instructional strategies on students' achievement and attitudes: Perceptions of educators in diverse institutions The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas 82 3 2009 135 140
25. A. Efklides Metacognition: Defining its facets and levels of functioning in relation to self-regulation and co-regulation European Psychologist 13 2008 277 287
26. J. Elen, and L.P. Louw The impact of instructional conceptions on the use of adjunct aids Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning 4 3-4 2006 331 350
27. J. Elen, and L.P. Louw The instructional functionality of multiple adjunct aids e-Journal of Instructional Science and Technology 9 2 2006 1 17
28. R.M. Felder, and R. Brent Understanding student differences Journal of Engineering Education 94 1 2005 57 72 (Pubitemid 40285757)
29. R.M. Felder, and L.K. Silverman Learning and teaching styles in engineering education Journal of Engineering Education 56 7 1988 674 681
30. R.M. Felder, and J. Spurlin Applications, reliability and validity of the Index of Learning Styles International Journal of Engineering Education 21 1 2005 103 112 (Pubitemid 40173818)
31. L.S. Flowers, and J.R. Hayes The dynamics of composing: Making plans and juggling constraints L.W. Gregg, E.R. Steinberg, 1980 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ 31 50
32. H.F. Friedrich, and H. Mandl Analyse und Förderung selbstgesteuerten Lernens H. Mandl, H.F. Friedrich, Lern- und Denkstrategien 1997 Hogrefe Göttingen 3 54
33. David Galbraith Writing as a knowledge-constituting process M. Torrance, D. Galbraith, Knowing what to write. Conceptual processes in text production 1999 University Press Amsterdam 139 160
34. X. Ge, and S.M. Land Scaffolding students' problem-solving processes in an ill-structured task using question prompts and peer interactions Educational Technology Research and Development 51 1 2003 21 38 (Pubitemid 36446496)
35. X. Ge, and S.M. Land A conceptual framework for scaffolding ill-structured problem-solving processes using question prompts and peer interactions Educational Technology Research and Development 52 2 2004 5 22 (Pubitemid 39051404)
36. J.E. Gilbert, and C.A. Swainer Learning styles: How do they fluctuate? Institute for Learning Styles Research Journal 1 2008 29 40
37. A.F. Hadwin, M. Oshige, C.L.Z. Gress, and P.H. Winne Innovative ways for using gStudy to orchestrate and research social aspects of self-regulated learning Computers in Human Behavior 26 5 2010 794 805
38. K. Hartley, and L.D. Bendixen Educational research in the Internet age: Examining the role of individual characteristics Educational Researcher 30 9 2001 22 26
39. J. Hayes, and C.W. Allison Matching learning style and instructional strategy: An application of the person-environment interaction paradigm Perceptual and Motor Skills 76 1 1993 63 79
40. J. Hayes, and C.W. Allison The implications of learning styles for training and development: A discussion of the matching hypothesis British Journal of Management 7 1 1996 63 73 (Pubitemid 126669812)
41. H. Heckhausen Achievement motivation and its constructs: A cognitive model Motivation and Emotion 1 4 1977 283 329
42. H. Heckhausen, H.-D. Schmalt, and K. Schneider Achievement motivation in perspective 1985 Academic Press London
43. J. Heckhausen, and H. Heckhausen Motivation und Handeln: Lehrbuch der Motivationspsychologie 3 ed. 2006 Springer Heidelberg
44. J.R. Hill, and M.J. Hannafin Cognitive strategies and learning from the World Wide Web Educational Technology Research and Development 45 4 1997 37 64
45. Ifenthaler, D. (2008). Practical solutions for the diagnosis of progressing mental models. In D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer & J. M. Spector (Eds.), Understanding models for learning and instruction. Essays in honor of Norbert M. Seel (pp. 43-61). New York: Springer.
46. D. Ifenthaler Model-based feedback for improving expertise and expert performance Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning 7 2 2009 83 101
47. D. Ifenthaler Relational, structural, and semantic analysis of graphical representations and concept maps Educational Technology Research and Development 58 1 2010 81 97 10.1007/s11423-008-9087-4
48. D. Ifenthaler Scope of graphical indices in educational diagnostics D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, N.M. Seel, Computer-based diagnostics and systematic analysis of knowledge 2010 Springer New York 213 234
49. D. Ifenthaler Identifying cross-domain distinguishing features of cognitive structures Educational Technology Research and Development 59 6 2011 817 840 10.1007/s11423-011-9207-4
50. Ifenthaler, D. (2011b). Intelligent model-based feedback. Helping students to monitor their individual learning progress. In S. Graf, F. Lin, Kinshuk & R. McGreal (Eds.), Intelligent and adaptive systems: Technology enhanced support for learners and teachers (pp. 88-100). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
51. D. Ifenthaler Determining the effectiveness of prompts for self-regulated learning in problem-solving scenarios Journal of Educational Technology & Society 15 1 2012 38 52
52. Ifenthaler, D.; Eseryel, D.; & Ge, X. (2012). Assessment for game-based learning. In D. Ifenthaler, D. Eseryel & X. Ge (Eds.), Assessment in game-based learning. Foundations, innovations, and perspectives (pp. 3-10). New York: Springer.
53. D. Ifenthaler, and T. Lehmann Preactional self-regulation as a tool for successful problem solving and learning Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning 9 1-2 2012 97 110
54. D. Ifenthaler, and P. Pirnay-Dummer Model-based tools for knowledge assessment J.M. Spector, M.D. Merrill, J. Elen, M.J. Bishop, Handbook of research on educational communications and technology 4 ed. 2014 Springer New York 289 301
55. D. Ifenthaler, P. Pirnay-Dummer, and N.M. Seel The role of cognitive learning strategies and intellectual abilities in mental model building processes Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning 5 4 2007 353 366
56. D. Ifenthaler, and N.M. Seel A longitudinal perspective on inductive reasoning tasks. Illuminating the probability of change Learning and Instruction 21 4 2011 538 549 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2010.08.004
57. D. Ifenthaler, and N.M. Seel Model-based reasoning Computers and Education 64 2013 131 142 10.1016/j.compedu.2012.11.014
58. M.J. Jacobson Problem solving about complex systems: Differences between experts and novices B. Fishmann, S.O. O'Connor-Divelbiss, Fourth international conference of the learning sciences 2000 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mahwah, NJ 14 21
59. T.E. Johnson, P. Pirnay-Dummer, D. Ifenthaler, A. Mendenhall, S. Karaman, and G. Tennenbaum Text summaries or concept maps: Which better represent reading text conceptualization? Technology, Instruction, Cognition and Learning 8 3-4 2011 297 312
60. Y.-J. Joo, M. Bong, and H.-J. Choi Self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, academic self-efficacy, and internet self-efficacy in web-based instruction Educational Technology Research and Development 48 2 2000 5 17 10.1007/BF02313398
61. S. Kalyuga Assessment of learners' organised knowledge structures in adaptive learning environments Applied Cognitive Psychology 20 2006 333 342 (Pubitemid 43676200)
62. K.A. Kavale, and S.R. Forness Substance over style: Assessing the efficacy of modality testing and teaching Exceptional Children 54 3 1987 228 239
63. J.M. Keller Motivational design for learning and performance: The ARCS model approach 2010 Springer New York
64. C. Kim The role of affective and motivational factors in designing personalized learning environments Educational Technology Research and Development 60 4 2012 563 584 10.1007/s11423-012-9253-6
65. C. Kim, and J.M. Keller Motivation, volition, and belief change strategies to improve mathematics learning Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 26 5 2010 407 420
66. C. Kim, and R. Pekrun Emotions and motivation in learning and performance J.M. Spector, M.D. Merrill, J. Elen, M.J. Bishop, Handbook of research on educational communications and technology 2014 Springer New York 65 75
67. K.S. Kirschner, J. Sweller, and R.E. Clark Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: An analysis of the failure of the constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching Educational Psychologist 41 2 2006 75 86 (Pubitemid 43837408)
68. K.R. Koedinger, and V. Aleven Exploring the assistance dilemma in experiments with cognitive tutors Educational Psychology Review 19 3 2007 239 264
69. S.P. Lajoie, and Roger. Azevedo Teaching and learning in technology-rich environments P.A. Alexander, P.H. Winne, Handbook of educational technology 2 ed. 2006 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mahwah, NJ 803 821
70. G.P. Latham, and E.A. Locke Self-regulation through goal setting Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50 1991 212 247
71. J. Lee Effects of model-centered instruction and levels of learner expertise on effectiveness, efficiency, and engagement with ill-structured problem solving: An exploratory study of ethical decision making in program evaluation 2009 Florida State University Tallahassee, FL
72. T.-H. Lee, P.-D. Shen, and C.-W. Tsai Applying web-enabled problem-based learning and self-regulated learning to add value to computing education in Taiwan's vocational schools Educational Technology & Society 11 3 2008 13 25
73. X. Lin, and J.D. Lehmann Supporting learning of variable control in a computer-based biology environment: Effects of prompting college students to reflect on their own thinking Journal of Research in Science Teaching 36 1999 837 858 (Pubitemid 129542161)
74. T.A. Litzinger, S.H. Lee, J.C. Wise, and R.M. Felder A psychometric study of the Index of Learning Styles Journal of Engineering Education 96 4 2007 309 319 (Pubitemid 350073915)
75. R. Low, and P. Jin Self-regulated learning N.M. Seel, Encyclopedia of the sciences of learning 2012 Springer New York 3015 3018
76. S. Martin Teachers using learning styles: Torn between research and accountability Teaching and Teacher Education 26 8 2010 1583 1591
77. J.O. McKeown Using annotated concept map assessments as predictors of performance and understanding of complex problems for teacher technology integration 2009 Florida State University Tallahassee, FL
78. M. McNeill, M. Gosper, and J. Hedberg Technologies and the assessment of higher order outcomes: A snapshot of academic practice in curriculum alignment P. Isaias, D. Ifenthaler, D. Kinshuk, G. Sampson, J.M. Spector, Towards learning and instruction in Web 3.0. Advances in cognitive and educational psychology 2012 Springer New York 109 121
79. J.L. Meece The role of motivation in self-regulated learning D.H. Schunk, B.J. Zimmerman, Self-regulation of learning and performance: Issues and educational applications 1994 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ 25 44
80. D.C. Moos, and Roger. Azevedo Self-regulated learning with hypermedia: The role of prior domain knowledge Contemporary Educational Psychology 33 2 2008 270 298 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2007.03.001
81. P.R. Pintrich The role of motivation in promoting and sustaining self-regulated learning International Journal of Educational Research 31 1999 459 470 (Pubitemid 41167991)
82. P.R. Pintrich The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning M. Boekaerts, P.R. Pintrich, M. Zeidner, Handbook of self-regulated learning 2000 Academic Press San Diego, CA 451 502
83. P.R. Pintrich, C. Wolters, and G. Baxter Assessing metacognition and self-regulated learning G. Schraw, Metacognitive assessment 2000 The University of Nebraska Press Lincoln, NE 43 97
84. P. Pirnay-Dummer, D. Ifenthaler, and N.M. Seel Designing model-based learning environments to support mental models for learning D.H. Jonassen, S. Land, Theoretical foundations of learning environments 2 ed. 2012 Routledge New York 66 94
85. P. Pirnay-Dummer, D. Ifenthaler, and J.M. Spector Highly integrated model assessment technology and tools Educational Technology Research and Development 58 1 2010 3 18 10.1007/s11423-009-9119-8
86. M. Puustinen, and L. Pulkkinen Models of self-regulated learning. A review Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 45 3 2001 269 286
87. S.K. Reed Cognitive architectures for multimedia learning Educational Psychologist 41 2006 87 98 (Pubitemid 43837409)
88. F. Rheinberg Motivationsdiagnostik - Kompendien Psychologische Diagnostik Vol. 5 2004 Hogrefe Göttingen
89. R. Riding, and M. Grimley Cognitive style, gender and learning from multi-media materials in 11-year-old children British Journal of Educational Technology 30 1 1999 43 56 (Pubitemid 129585657)
90. R.D. Roscoe, E.L. Snow, and D.S. McNamara Feedback and revising in an intelligent tutoring system for writing strategies H.C. Lane, K. Yacef, J. Mostow, P. Pavlik, Artificial intelligence in education Vol. 7926 2013 Springer Heidelberg 259 268
91. R.M. Ryan, and E.L. Deci Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being American Psychologist 55 1 2000 68 78
92. Buncha Samruayruen, Judith Enriquez, Onjaree Natakuatoong, and Kingkaew Samruayruen Self-regulated learning: A key of a successful learner in online learning environments in Thailand Journal of Educational Computing Research 48 1 2013 45 69 10.2190/EC.48.1.c
93. U. Schallberger Kurzskalen zur Erfassung der Positiven Aktivierung, Negativen Aktivierung und Valenz in Experience Sampling Studien (PANAVA-KS) Forschungsberichte aus dem Projekt "Qualität des Erlebens in Arbeit und Freizeit" Vol. 6 2005 Psychologisches Institut Zürich
94. U. Schiefele, and R. Pekrun Psychologische Modelle des selbstgesteuerten und fremdgesteuerten Lernens F.E. Weinert, Enzyklopädie der Psychologie - Psychologie des Lernens und der Instruktion. Pädagogische Psychologie Vol. 2 1996 Hogrefe Göttingen 249 287
95. R.R. Schmeck Strategies and styles of learning: An integration of varied perspectives R.R. Schmeck, Learning strategies and learning styles 1988 Plenum Press London 317 348
96. B. Schmitz Self-Monitoring zur Unterstützung des Transfers einer Schulung in Selbstregulation für Studierende: Eine prozessanalytische Untersuchung Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie 15 3/4 2001 181 197 (Pubitemid 33690125)
97. B. Schmitz, M. Landmann, and F. Perels Das Selbstregulationsmodell und theoretische Implikationen M. Landmann, B. Schmitz, Selbstregulation erfolgreich fördern: Praxisnahe Trainingsprogramme für effektives Lernen 2007 Kohlhammer Stuttgart 312 326
98. G. Schraw The use of computer-based environments for understanding and improving self-regulation Metacognition and Learning 2 2-3 2007 169 176
99. G. Schraw, and R.S. Dennison Asessing metacoginitive awareness Contemporary Educational Psychology 19 4 1994 460 475
100. D.H. Schunk Self-efficacy and academic motivation Educational Psychologist 26 1991 207 232
101. D.H. Schunk, and B.J. Zimmerman Self-regulated learning: From teaching to self-reflective practice 1998 The Guilford Press New York
102. N.M. Seel Educational diagnosis of mental models: Assessment problems and technology-based solutions Journal of Structural Learning and Intelligent Systems 14 2 1999 153 185
103. N.M. Seel Educational semiotics: School learning reconsidered Journal of Structural Learning and Intelligent Systems 14 1 1999 11 28
104. V.J. Shute, A.C. Jeong, J.M. Spector, N.M. Seel, and T.E. Johnson Model-based methods for assessment, learning, and instruction: Innovative educational technology at Florida State University M. Orey, Educational media and technology yearbook 2009 Springer New York 61 79
105. P.R.J. Simons Lernen selbstständig zu lernen - ein Rahmenmodell H. Mandl, H.F. Friedrich, Lern- und Denkstrategien. Analyse und Intervention 1992 Hogrefe Göttigen 251 264
106. V.E. Snider Learning styles and learning to read: A critique Remedial and Special Education 13 1 1992 6 18
107. F.J. Stachowiak Allgemeine Modelltheorie 1973 Springer Berlin
108. Stephanie Stolp, and Karen M. Zabrucky Contributuions of metacognitive and self-regulated learning theories to investigations of calibration of comprehension International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education 2 1 2009 7 31
109. E.M.C. Taminiau Advisory models for on-demand learning 2013 Open Universiteit Herlen
110. E.M.C. Taminiau, L. Kester, G. Corbalan, S.M. Alessi, E. Moxnes, and W.M. Gijselaers et al. Why advice on task selection may hamper learning in on-demand education Computers in Human Behavior 29 1 2013 145 154 10.1016/j.chb.2012.07. 028
111. H. Thillmann, J. Künsting, J. Wirth, and Detlev Leutner Is it merely a question of "What" o prompt or also "When" to prompt? Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie 23 2 2009 105 115
112. D.L. Trumpower, H. Sharara, and T.E. Goldsmith Specificity of structural assessment of knowledge The Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment 8 5 2010 2 32
113. C.W. Tsai The effects of feedback in the implementation of web-mediated self-regulated learning CyberPsychology & Behavior 13 2 2010 153 158
114. A. Tversky Features of similarity Psychological Review 84 1977 327 352
115. G. van den Boom, F.G. Paas, and J.J.G. van Merriënboer Effects of elicited reflections combined with tutor or peer feedback on self-regulated learning and learning outcomes Learning and Instruction 17 5 2007 532 548 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2007.09.003
116. G. van den Boom, F.G. Paas, J.J.G. van Merriënboer, and T. van Gog Reflection prompts and tutor feedback in a web-based learning environment: Effects on students' self-regulated learning competence Computers in Human Behavior 20 4 2004 551 567 10.1016/j.chb.2003.10.001
117. J.J.G. van Merriënboer, and J. Sweller Cognitive load theory and complex learning: Recent developments and future directions Educational Psychology Review 17 2 2005 147 177 (Pubitemid 40688717)
118. M.V.J. Veenman Intellectual ability and metacognitive skill: Determinants of discovery learning in computerized learning environments 1993 University of Amsterdam Amsterdam
119. M.V.J. Veenman The assessment and instruction of self-regulation in computer-based environments: A discussion Metacognition and Learning 2 2-3 2007 177 183
120. M.V.J. Veenman, B.H.A.M. van Hout-Wolters, and P. Afflerbach Metacognition and learning: Conceptual and methodological considerations Metacognition and learning 1 1 2006 3 14 (Pubitemid 44124098)
121. R. Vollmeyer, and F. Rheinberg Motivation and metacognition when learning a complex system European Journal of Psychology of Education 14 4 1999 541 554 10.1007/BF03172978
122. K.P. Wild Lernstrategien im Studium. Strukturen und Bedingungen 2000 Waxmann Münster
123. J.B. Willett Questions and answers in the measurement of change Review of Research in Education 15 1988 345 422
124. P.H. Winne Training students to process text with adjunct aids Instructional Science 12 3 1983 243 266 10.1007/BF00051747
125. P.H. Winne Self-regulated learning viewed from models of information processing B.J. Zimmerman, D.H. Schunk, Self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Theoretical perspectives 2001 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mahawah, NJ 153 190
126. J. Wirth Prompting self-regulated learning through prompts Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie 23 2 2009 91 94
127. L.S. Wygotski Denken und Sprechen. Mit einer Einleitung von Thomas Luckmann. Übersetzt von Gerhard Sewekow 1969 Fischer Verlag Stuttgart
128. Y.-F. Yang Conceptions of and approaches to learning through online peer assessment Learning and Instruction 20 2010 72 83
129. B.J. Zimmerman Models of self-regulated learning and academic achievement B.J. Zimmerman, D.H. Schunk, Self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Theory, research and practice 1989 Springer New York 1 25
130. B.J. Zimmerman Developing self-fulfilling cycles of academic regulation: An analysis of exemplary instructional models D.H. Schunk, B.J. Zimmerman, Self-regulated learning: From teaching to self-reflective practice 1998 Guilford Press New York 1 19
131. B.J. Zimmerman Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective M. Boekaerts, P.R. Pintrich, M. Zeidner, Handbook of self-regulation 2000 Academic Press San Diego, CA 13 39
132. B.J. Zimmerman Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview Theory into Practice 41 2 2002 64 70
133. B.J. Zimmerman Investigating self-regulation and motivation: Historical background, methodological developments, and future prospects American Educational Research Journal 45 1 2008 166 183
134. B.J. Zimmerman, and M. Campillo Motivating self-regulated problem solvers J.E. Davidson, R.J. Sternberg, The psychology of problem solving 2003 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, MA 233 262
135. B.J. Zimmerman, and D. Schunk Theories of self-regulated learning and academic achievement: An overview and analysis B.J. Zimmerman, D.H. Schunk, Self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Theoretical perspectives 2001 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mahawah, NJ 1 37